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Note 3 - Recent Accounting Pronouncements | 6 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2020
Notes to Financial Statements |
Accounting Standards Update and Change in Accounting Principle [Text Block] | 3. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS New pronouncements pending adoption In June 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2016 - 13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments , which supersedes current guidance by requiring recognition of credit losses when it is probable that a loss has been incurred. The new standard requires the establishment of an allowance for estimated credit losses on financial assets including trade and other receivables at each reporting date. The new standard will result in earlier recognition of allowances for losses on trade and other receivables and other contractual rights to receive cash. In November 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019 - 10, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326 ), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815 ) and Leases (Topic 842 ) , which extends the effective date of Topic 326 for certain companies until fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022. The new standard will be effective for the Company in the first quarter of fiscal year beginning October 1, 2023, and early adoption is permitted. The Company has not completed its review of the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements. However, based on the Company’s history of immaterial credit losses from trade receivables, management does not expect that the adoption of this standard will have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements. New pronouncements adopted In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014 - 09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014 - 09” ), which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. ASU 2014 - 09 replaced most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. In July 2015, the FASB deferred the effective date of the standard by an additional year; however, it provided companies the option to adopt one year earlier, commensurate with the original effective date. Accordingly, the standard was effective for the Company in the fiscal year beginning October 1, 2018. Subsequently the FASB has issued additional guidance (ASUs 2015 - 14; 2016 - 08; 2016 - 10; 2016 - 12; 2016 - 13; 2016 - 20 ). The adoption of this guidance by the Company, effective October 1, 2018, did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements (see Note 4, Revenue Recognition, for further detail). ASU No. 2014 - 09 and its amendments form Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606” ). In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018 - 02, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220 ) . The amendments in this ASU allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. Consequently, the amendments eliminate the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and will improve the usefulness of information reported to financial statement users. However, because the amendments only relate to the reclassification of the income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, the underlying guidance that requires that the effect of a change in tax laws or rates be included in income from continuing operations is not affected. The amendments in this update also require certain disclosures about stranded tax effects. The guidance was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 with early adoption permitted, including interim periods within that fiscal year. Accordingly, this was effective for the Company beginning October 1, 2019. The adoption of this ASU did not have an impact on its consolidated financial statements. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016 - 02, Leases ( “ Topic 842 ” ) , which issued new guidance related to leases that outlines a comprehensive lease accounting model and supersedes the current lease guidance. The new guidance requires lessees to recognize lease liabilities and corresponding right-of-use assets for all leases with lease terms of greater than 12 months. Leases with a term of 12 months or less will be accounted for in a manner similar to the guidance for operating leases prior to the adoption of Topic 842. Topic 842 requires entities to recognize and measure leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented using a modified retrospective approach, with certain practical expedients available. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018 - 11 (“ASU 2018 - 11” ), which offers a practical expedient that allows entities the option to apply the provisions of Topic 842 by recognizing a cumulative effect adjustment at the effective date of adoption without adjusting the prior comparative periods presented. In March 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019 - 01 (“ASU 2019 - 01” ), which explicitly provides disclosure relief for interim periods during the year the standard is adopted. The new guidance was effective for the Company beginning October 1, 2019. The Company adopted Topic 842 by applying the modified retrospective transition approach. Under this method, financial information related to periods prior to adoption will be as originally reported under the then-current standard (Topic 840, Leases). The Company elected the following practical expedients:
| ● | The transitional practical expedients, which must be elected as a package and applied consistently to all leases. In electing this practical expedient package, the Company is not required to:
| o | reassess whether an existing or expired contract is or contains a lease;
| o | reassess the lease classification for any expired or existing leases; and
| o | reassess initial direct lease costs for all leases that commenced before the adoption.
| ● | Short-term lease practical expedient in which the Company can elect not to apply the recognition requirements of Topic 842 to short-term leases.
As a result of adopting Topic 842 effective October 1, 2019, the Company recorded an initial measurement of $7,814,701 of operating lease liabilities and $5,823,972 of corresponding operating Right of Use (“ROU”) assets, net of tenant improvement allowances and deferred rent, primarily related to the Company’s facility lease. There was no other impact from the adoption of Topic 842. A portion of the existing leases are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. As a result, the associated lease liabilities will be remeasured using the current exchange rate in the applicable reporting periods, which may result in foreign exchange gains or losses. There was no cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings as a result of the transition to Topic 842. See Note 12, Leases for further disclosures related to Topic 842.

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