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Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Accounting, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Basis of Presentation

 

The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2024, the condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 were prepared by management without audit. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, except as otherwise disclosed, necessary for the fair presentation of the financial position, results of operations, and changes in financial position for such periods, have been made.

 

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023. The results of operations for the period ended March 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that may be expected for a full year. The condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023 contains financial information taken from the audited XBiotech Inc. consolidated financial statements as of that date.
Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Basis of Consolidation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.
Use of Estimates, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported values of amounts in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Research and Development Expense, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Research and Development Costs

 

All research and development costs are charged to expense as incurred. Research and development costs include salaries and personnel-related costs, consulting fees, fees paid for contract clinical trial research services, the costs of laboratory consumables, equipment and facilities, license fees and other external costs. Costs incurred to acquire licenses for intellectual property to be used in research and development activities with no alternative future use are expensed as incurred as research and development costs.

 

Nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services to be received in the future for use in research and development activities are deferred and capitalized. The capitalized amounts are expensed as the related goods are delivered or the services are performed.
Clinical Trial Accruals [Policy Text Block]

Clinical Trial Accruals

 

Expense accruals related to clinical trials are based on the Company’s estimates of services received and efforts expended pursuant to contracts with third party service providers conduct and manage clinical trials on the Company’s behalf. The financial terms of these agreements vary from contract to contract and may result in uneven payment flows. Payments under some of these contracts depend on factors such as the successful enrollment of patients and the completion of clinical trial milestones. In accruing costs, the Company estimates the period over which services will be performed and the level of effort to be expended in each period based upon patient enrollment, clinical site activations, or information provided to the Company by its vendors on their actual costs incurred. Any estimates of the level of services performed or the costs of these services could differ from actual results.
Income Tax, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Income Taxes

 

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures" ("ASU 2023-09"), which enhances the transparency and decision usefulness of income tax disclosures. Adjustments to the annual disclosure of income taxes include: (1) A tabular rate reconciliation comprised of eight specific categories, (2) Incomes taxes paid, disaggregated between significant federal, state, and foreign jurisdictions, (3) Eliminates requirements to disclose the nature and estimate of reasonably possible changes to unrecognized tax benefits in the next 12 months or that an estimated range cannot be made, and (4) Adds a requirement to disclose income (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) and income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated between domestic and foreign. The ASU is effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2024 with early adoption permitted. The amendments in ASU 2023-09 should be applied on a prospective basis and retrospective application is permitted. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of adoption of ASU 2023-09 on the Company's consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

 

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. The Company measures deferred tax assets and liabilities using the enacted tax rates for the years and jurisdictions in which the temporary differences are expected to be recovered. A change to the tax rates used to measure the Company’s deferred taxes is recognized in income during the period in which the new rate(s) were enacted.

 

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets to the extent the Company’s assets are more likely than not to be realized. In making such a determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including the future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income exclusive of reversing temporary differences and carryforwards, tax-planning strategies, taxable income in prior carryback years if permitted under tax law, and the results from prior years. If the Company determines it is more likely than not, that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset will not be realized a valuation allowance is recorded with a charge to income tax expense. Alternatively, if the Company determines that all or a portion of a deferred tax asset previously not meeting the more likely than not threshold will be realized, the Company reduces its valuation allowance and recognizes a benefit in income tax expense.
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Policy Text Block]

Share-Based Compensation

 

The Company accounts for its share-based compensation awards in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation (“ASC 718”). ASC 718 requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the statements of operations based on their grant date fair values. For stock options granted to employees and to members of the board of directors for their services on the board of directors, the Company estimates the grant date fair value of each option award using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The use of the Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires management to make assumptions with respect to the expected term of the option, the expected volatility of the common stock consistent with the expected life of the option, risk-free interest rates and expected dividend yields of the common stock. To determine the fair value of its common stock, the Company uses the closing price of the Company’s common stock as reported by NASDAQ. For awards subject to service-based vesting conditions, the Company recognizes share-based compensation expense, equal to the grant date fair value of stock options on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Company accounts for forfeitures as they occur rather than on an estimated basis.

 

Share-based compensation expense recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023 was included in the following line items on the Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands).

 

 

   

Three Months Ended

  
   

March 31,

  
   

2024

    

2023

  

Research and development

   $ 255     $ 623  

General and administrative

     126       82  

Total share-based compensation expense

   $ 381     $ 705  

 

The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes method with the following assumptions:

 

   

Three Months Ended

 
   

March 31,

  
   

2024

    

2023

  

Dividend yield

     -       -  

Expected volatility

     80 %     82 %

Risk-free interest rate

     3.8%-4.3 %     3.5%-4.2 %

Expected life (in years)

     5.38-6.25       5.63-6.25  

Weighted-average grant date fair value per share

   $ 3.91     $ 3.84  
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company considers highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents consisted primarily of cash on deposit in U.S. and Canadian banks. Cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost which approximates fair value.
Investment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Interest Bearing Time Deposit

 

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company held guaranteed investment certificates with a financial institution. The guaranteed investment certificates have a 12 month term at origination with interest payable at maturity. The guaranteed investment certificates matured in July, 2023.
Concentration Risk, Credit Risk, Policy [Policy Text Block]  
Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment, which consists of land, construction in process, furniture and fixtures, computers and office equipment, scientific equipment, vehicles and building are stated at cost and depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the assets, with the exception of land and construction in process which are not depreciated, using the straight line method. The useful lives are as follows:

 

     

•

 Furniture and fixtures

7 years
     

•

 Office equipment

5 years
     

•

 Scientific equipment

5 years
     

 •

 Vehicles

5 years
     

 •

 Mobile facility

27.5 years

  
     

•

 Building

39 years

 

Costs of major additions and betterments are capitalized; maintenance and repairs, which do not improve or extend the life of the respective assets, are charged to expense as incurred. Upon retirement or sale, the cost of the disposed asset and the related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and the resulting gain or loss is recognized.
Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

 

The Company periodically evaluates its long-lived assets for potential impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 360, Property, Plant and Equipment. Potential impairment is assessed when there is evidence that events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recovered. Recoverability of these assets is assessed based on undiscounted expected future cash flows from the assets, considering a number of factors, including past operating results, budgets and economic projections, market trends and product development cycles. If impairments are identified, assets are written down to their estimated fair value. The Company has not recognized any impairment through March 31, 2024.
Debt, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Convertible Loan, Related Party

 

On January 3, 2024, the Company entered into a Convertible Loan Agreement (the “Loan”) with John Simard, the Company’s Founder, President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman. The Loan provides $10 million in immediate funding for the construction of a new, state-of-the-art research and development facility at the Company’s property at 5217 Winnebago Lane in Austin, Texas. The Loan is secured by the real estate and cash holdings of the Company, with interest to accrue at a simple rate equal to eight percent per year and interest-only payments to be made at six-month intervals after the Loan is funded. At Mr. Simard’s election, the balance may be converted to XBiotech stock at any time the Loan balance is outstanding at a fixed conversion price equal to the average Nasdaq Official Closing Price of the common stock (as reflected on Nasdaq.com) for the five trading days immediately preceding the signing of this Agreement, which is $4.048 per share. The conversion feature is subject to a 19.9% cap limiting the number of shares that could be converted under the Agreement based on Mr. Simard’s total stock ownership in the Company at the time of conversion. The Loan includes an acceleration feature, allowing Mr. Simard to declare immediate cash repayment or conversion under specific Acceleration Events, certain financial and non-financial measures, such as payment defaults, breaches of covenants, drop in stock price below $3.00 per share or drop in cash position below $65,000,000. The Loan also allows Mr. Simard to obtain immediate cash repayment of the Loan balance at his election one year after the loan is funded or upon certain other conditions set forth in the Loan. The Loan was negotiated, evaluated, and approved on behalf of the Company by a committee of independent and disinterested directors.
Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations Policy [Policy Text Block]

Foreign Currency Transactions

 

Certain transactions are denominated in a currency other than the Company’s functional currency of the U.S. dollar, and the Company generates assets and liabilities that are fixed in terms of the amount of foreign currency that will be received or paid. At each balance sheet date, the Company adjusts the assets and liabilities to reflect the current exchange rate, resulting in a translation gain or loss. As of March 31, 2024, the only significant assets denominated in a foreign currency were certain cash accounts, which were remeasured into the functional currency (U.S. dollar) as of March 31, 2024, resulting in a foreign exchange loss of $1.6 million.Transaction gains and losses are also realized upon a settlement of a foreign currency transaction in determining net loss for the period in which the transaction is settled.
Comprehensive Income, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

ASC Topic 220, Comprehensive Income, requires that all components of comprehensive income (loss), including net income (loss), be reported in the financial statements in the period in which they are recognized. Comprehensive income (loss) is defined as the change in equity during a period from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, including unrealized gains and losses on investments and foreign currency translation adjustments.
Segment Reporting, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Segment and Geographic Information

 

Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision making group, in making decisions on how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is the Chief Executive Officer. The Company and the chief operating decision maker view the Company’s operations and manage its business as one operating segment. Substantially all of the Company’s operations are in the U.S. geographic segment.
Earnings Per Share, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Net Loss Per Share

 

Net income/loss per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during each period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income/loss by the weighted average number of common shares and common share equivalents outstanding (if dilutive) during each period. The Company does not include the potential impact of dilutive securities in diluted net loss per share, as the impact of these items is anti-dilutive. For the three month ended March 31, 2024, 1,002,274 stock options and 1,921,828 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of a convertible loan, were not included in the computation of diluted net loss per share.
Subsequent Events, Policy [Policy Text Block]

Subsequent Events

 

The Company considered events or transactions occurring after the balance sheet date but prior to the date the consolidated financial statements are available to be issued for potential recognition or disclosure in its consolidated financial statements. We have evaluated subsequent events through the date of filing this Form 10-Q.