<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001171843-25-002595.txt : 20250429
<SEC-HEADER>0001171843-25-002595.hdr.sgml : 20250429
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20250429155949
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001171843-25-002595
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	10-K/A
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		18
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20241231
FILED AS OF DATE:		20250429
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20250429

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			XBiotech Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001626878
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	03 Life Sciences
		EIN:				000000000
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			A1
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		10-K/A
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-37347
		FILM NUMBER:		25886912

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		5217 WINNEBAGO LANE
		CITY:			AUSTIN
		STATE:			TX
		ZIP:			78744
		BUSINESS PHONE:		512-386-2900

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		5217 WINNEBAGO LANE
		CITY:			AUSTIN
		STATE:			TX
		ZIP:			78744
</SEC-HEADER>
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<p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 18pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt;"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION </b></p>
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<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b>(Address of principal executive offices) </b></p>
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<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b>Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: </b></p>
<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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<tr><td style="border-bottom:solid 1px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b>Title of each class</b></p> </td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom:solid 1px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b>Trading symbol(s)</b></p> </td><td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom:solid 1px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b>Name of each exchange on which registered</b></p> </td></tr>
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<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b>Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: </b></p>
<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b>None </b></p>
<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:25pt;">Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.&#8195;Yes&#160;&#9744;&#8195;<ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" contextRef="d_2024-01-01_2024-12-31" id="ixv-3112">No</ix:nonNumeric>&#160;&#9746;</p>
<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:25pt;">&#160;</p>
<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:25pt;">Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. &#8195;Yes&#160;&#9744;&#8195;<ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityVoluntaryFilers" contextRef="d_2024-01-01_2024-12-31" id="ixv-3113">No</ix:nonNumeric>&#160;&#9746;</p>
<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:25pt;">&#160;</p>
<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:25pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.&#8195;<ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityCurrentReportingStatus" contextRef="d_2024-01-01_2024-12-31" id="ixv-3114">Yes</ix:nonNumeric>&#160;&#9746;&#8195;No&#160;&#9744;</p>
<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:25pt;">&#160;</p>
<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:25pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (&#167;232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). &#8195;<ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" contextRef="d_2024-01-01_2024-12-31" id="ixv-3115">Yes</ix:nonNumeric>&#160;&#9746;&#8195;No&#160;&#9744;</p>
<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:25pt;">&#160;</p>
<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:25pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of &#8220;large accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;smaller reporting company,&#8221; and &#8220;emerging growth company&#8221; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</p>
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<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:25pt;">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management&#8217;s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.&#160;<ix:nonNumeric name="dei:IcfrAuditorAttestationFlag" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox" contextRef="d_2024-01-01_2024-12-31" id="ixv-3119">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric>&#160;</p>
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<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:25pt;">The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 28, 2024, was approximately $<ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityPublicFloat" scale="0" unitRef="USD" decimals="INF" format="ixt:num-dot-decimal" contextRef="i_2024-06-28" id="ixv-3122">121,869,724</ix:nonFraction>, based upon the closing sales price for the registrant&#8217;s common stock, as reported on the NASDAQ Global Market. The calculation of the aggregate market value of voting and non-voting common equity excludes 6,777,668 shares of common stock the registrant held by executive officers, directors and shareholders that the registrant concluded were affiliates of the registrant on that date. Exclusion of such shares should not be construed to indicate that any such person possesses the power, direct or indirect, to direct or cause the direction of management or policies of the registrant or that such person is controlled by or under common control with the registrant.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b>XBiotech Inc. </b></p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b>TABLE OF CONTENTS </b></p>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><a href="#Part_III" style="-sec-extract:exhibit;"><span style="text-decoration: underline; ">PART III</span></a></p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 10pt;text-indent:-10pt;"><a href="#Item_10" style="-sec-extract:exhibit;"><span style="text-decoration: underline; ">ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE</span></a></p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;"><a class="tocPGNUM" href="#Item_10">1</a></p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 10pt;text-indent:-10pt;"><a href="#Item_11" style="-sec-extract:exhibit;"><span style="text-decoration: underline; ">ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION</span></a></p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;"><a class="tocPGNUM" href="#Item_11">8</a></p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 10pt;text-indent:-10pt;"><a href="#Item_12" style="-sec-extract:exhibit;"><span style="text-decoration: underline; ">ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS</span></a></p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;"><a class="tocPGNUM" href="#Item_12">15</a></p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 10pt;text-indent:-10pt;"><a href="#Item_13" style="-sec-extract:exhibit;"><span style="text-decoration: underline; ">ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE</span></a></p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;"><a class="tocPGNUM" href="#Item_13">21</a></p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 10pt;text-indent:-10pt;"><a href="#Item_14" style="-sec-extract:exhibit;"><span style="text-decoration: underline; ">ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES</span></a></p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;"><a class="tocPGNUM" href="#Item_14">23</a></p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><a href="#Part_IV" style="-sec-extract:exhibit;"><span style="text-decoration: underline; ">PART IV</span></a></p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 10pt;text-indent:-10pt;"><a href="#Item_15" style="-sec-extract:exhibit;"><span style="text-decoration: underline; ">ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES</span></a></p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;"><a class="tocPGNUM" href="#Item_15">24</a></p> </td>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>EXPLANATORY NOTE </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:AmendmentDescription" contextRef="d_2024-01-01_2024-12-31" id="ixv-364"><p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">This Amendment No. 1 (this &#8220;Amendment&#8221;) amends the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 of XBiotech, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;) on March 18, 2025 (the &#8220;Original Form 10-K&#8221;). The purpose of this Amendment is solely to amend Part III, Items 10 through 14 of the Original Form 10-K to include information previously omitted from the Original Form 10-K in reliance on General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K which permits the above-referenced Items to be incorporated in the Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference from a definitive proxy statement, if such proxy statement is filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2024. At this time, the Company is filing this Amendment to include Part III information in our Annual Report on Form 10-K because we do not intend to file a definitive proxy statement within 120 days of December 31, 2024. Accordingly, Part III of the Original Form 10-K is hereby amended and restated as set forth herein. The information included herein as required by Part III, Items 10 through 14 of Form 10-K is more limited than what is required to be included in the definitive proxy statement to be filed in connection with our annual meeting of stockholders. Accordingly, the definitive proxy statement to be filed at a later date will include additional information related to the topics herein and additional information not required by Part III, Items 10 through 14 of Form 10-K.&#160;</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The reference on the cover page of the Original Form 10-K to the incorporation by reference of our definitive proxy statement into Part III of the Original Form 10-K is hereby deleted.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Except as stated herein, this Amendment does not reflect events occurring after the filing of the Original Form 10-K and no attempt has been made in this Amendment to modify or update other disclosures as presented in the Original Form 10-K.</p>
  </ix:nonNumeric><p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:56pt;">&#160;</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b>PART III<a id="Part_III" href="#"></a> </b></p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>ITEM</b>&#8201;<b>10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE<a id="Item_10" href="#"></a> </b></p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The following table sets forth the name, age and positions held by each of our directors and executive officers for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.</p>
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     <td style="border-bottom:solid 1px #000000;vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Position Held With the Company</b></p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">John Simard</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">63</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">W. Thorpe McKenzie</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">77</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Director</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:middle;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Jan-Paul Waldin, Esq.</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">76</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Lead Director</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Peter Libby, M.D.</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">78</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Director</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Tak W. Mak, Ph.D.</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">78</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Director</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Dr. Sushma Shivaswamy, Ph.D.</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">47</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Chief Scientific Officer</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:middle;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
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     <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Angela Hu</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">43</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Director of Finance</p> </td>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><b><i>John Simard</i></b><i>, </i>Chairman of the Board, founded XBiotech Inc. in 2005 and has served as its President and Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board since that time. Prior to XBiotech, he was founder and Chief Executive Officer of CTL ImmunoTherapies Corp., a developer of therapeutic vaccines to treat cancer and chronic infectious disease; he also founded AlleCure Corp., of Valencia, California, a developer of allergy treatments and immune modulating therapies. In 2001, AlleCure and CTL ImmunoTherapies merged to form MannKind Corp., where Mr. Simard served as Corporate Vice President and a board member. Mr. Simard holds a degree in Biochemistry from the University of Saskatchewan and attended graduate studies in Medical Biophysics/Immunology at the University of Toronto. He has over 240 issued and pending patents related to cancer therapy, therapeutic vaccines and therapeutic antibodies, as well as a substantial number of peer-reviewed scientific publications and the textbook &#8220;Immune Response Genes.&#8221;</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Our Board of Directors believes that Mr. Simard&#8217;s qualifications to serve as a director include his extensive executive leadership experience, his role as founder of the company, his many years of service on our Board of Directors and as our Chief Executive Officer, and extensive knowledge of our company and industry.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><b><i>W. Thorpe McKenzie</i></b>&#160;has served on our Board of Directors since February 2009. Mr. McKenzie served as Managing Director of Pointer Management Company, Chattanooga, Tennessee, since its inception in July 1990 until December 31, 2015, and as of January 1, 2016, serves as its Senior Advisor. Mr. McKenzie co-founded Pointer Management Company in July 1990 to invest in hedge funds and similar types of partnerships utilizing a fund of funds approach. From August 1982 until June 1990, he was a private investor in New York City, and a director of several public and private companies. From May 1980 until July 1982, he was founding general partner at TIGER, a global hedge fund. From May 1971 until January 1980, he was a Vice President of Kidder, Peabody &amp; Co., Inc. in New York. Mr. McKenzie is a graduate of the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill and the Wharton Graduate division of the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Mr. McKenzie was selected to serve on our Board of Directors based on his experience with corporate financings and his role as an investor in XBiotech. Mr. McKenzie served as a director until his retirement on March 27, 2025.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><b><i>Jan-Paul Waldin, Esq.</i></b> has served on our Board of Directors since February 2018 and was appointed Lead Director in 2019. Mr. Waldin is a lawyer in Ontario, Canada and is a member of the Law Society of Upper Canada. He has been the principal of Waldin Barristers, a boutique civil litigation and advisory firm in Toronto, Canada, since January, 1981. Mr. Waldin practices trial and appellate advocacy principally in the area of complex corporate commercial litigation. He has acted as lead counsel in all levels of court in Ontario and Canada, including the Supreme Court of Canada, the Federal Court of Canada, the Ontario Court of Appeal, the Ontario Superior Court of Justice and before Canadian federal and provincial administrative tribunals. Mr. Waldin&#8217;s counsel and strategic advice is regularly sought by both publicly traded and closely held companies based in Canada, the European Union and the United States in connection with regulatory and administrative law matters, structuring shareholder relations and contentious corporate transactions. He has held directorships in private and multinational companies, principally in the manufacturing, aviation and pharmaceutical industries. A graduate of the University of Toronto and Osgoode Hall Law School, Mr. Waldin was called to the Ontario bar in 1976 and served his articles of clerkship under the late Mr. Justice Archie Campbell at the Policy Development Branch of the Ministry of the Attorney General for Ontario. He was Law Clerk to the Honourable Willard Z. Estey, then Chief Justice of the High Court of Justice of Ontario.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Mr. Waldin was selected to serve on our Board of Directors based on his knowledge and experience with publicly traded companies and corporate law. Due to these qualifications, the Board has elected him to serve as Chairman of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><b><i>Peter Libby, M.D.,</i></b>&#160;has served on our Board of Directors since July 2019. Dr. Libby has been a cardiovascular medicine specialist at Brigham and Women&#8217;s Hospital (BWH) Since October 1990. He became a full professor in March 1996 and since December 1998 has been the Mallinckrodt Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School (HMS). Dr. Libby received his medical degree from the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine. He completed a residency in internal medicine and a fellowship in cardiovascular disease at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital (now BWH). He also completed a research fellowship in cellular physiology at HMS. Dr. Libby is board certified in internal medicine and cardiovascular disease. The author of over 500 original peer-reviewed publications, over 580 reviews, chapters and other publications, Dr. Libby also serves as an editor of the leading textbook of cardiovascular medicine. Dr. Libby&#8217;s clinical and research interests include vascular biology, atherosclerosis and preventive cardiology. The research laboratory that Dr. Libby directs studies the messengers created by the body that may produce arterial plaque and blockages, as well as normal and abnormal function of smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Dr. Libby is perennially named a top cardiologist. His research has received funding from the American Heart Association and National Institutes of Health. Dr. Libby has received research recognitions on four continents including the highest research awards from the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology, the Gold Medal of the European Society of Cardiology, the Anitchkow award from the European Atherosclerosis Society, The Ernst Jung Gold Medal for Medicine, and the Earl Benditt award for vascular biology.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Mr. Libby was selected to serve on our Board based on his extensive knowledge and experience in cardiovascular medicine, a field in which he is regarded as one of the top key opinion leaders. He has also pioneered groundbreaking research, published in 2018, that demonstrates that a crucial mechanism behind heart attacks and stroke may involve inflammation of the type that is targeted by certain of the Company&#8217;s key drug discovery, development and commercialization activities.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><b><i>Tak W. Mak, Ph.D</i></b>., was appointed to the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors on December 24, 2024. Dr. Mak is a world-renowned scientist who serves as a professor in the Departments of Medical Biophysics and Immunology at the University of Toronto and has been inducted into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame. In 1984, he identified and cloned the T cell receptor, which advanced basic and applied fields of immunology and opened the door for the development of modern immunotherapies. In 1993, Dr. Mak launched the Amgen Research Institute in Toronto, firmly establishing Toronto as one of the world&#8217;s leading centers of biomedical research. Dr. Mak&#8217;s work led to medical innovation that changed the foundation of oncology&#8212;identification of the immune checkpoint inhibitor CTLA-4, has become one of the most important therapeutic targets in oncology today. Dr. Mak cofounded Agios Pharmaceuticals, a cellular metabolism-focused biotechnology company that has developed multiple FDA-approved cancer treatments. The Cancer Research Institute awarded Dr. Mak the 2023 William B. Coley Award for Distinguished Research in Basic and Tumor Immunology, which is the CRI&#8217;s highest scientific honor.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Dr. Mak was selected to serve on our Board based on his extensive experience, accolades, and thought leadership in the field of immunology, his role in the development of modern immunotherapies, and his experience co-founding another biotechnology company.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><b><i>Sushma Shivaswamy, Ph.D.</i></b>&#160;was appointed as the Company&#8217;s Chief Scientific Officer in November 2017. As CSO Dr. Shivaswamy oversees all scientific and technical operations with respect to research and development and Good Manufacturing Practice production of antibody. Dr. Shivaswamy has been with the Company since 2009 also holding positions of Director of Research &amp; Development (2011-2015) and Senior Scientist (2009-2011). Prior to joining XBiotech, Dr. Shivaswamy was a postdoctoral researcher at the Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology at the University of Texas at Austin. She has a Ph.D. degree in Molecular Biology from the Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology, India.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><b><i>Angela Hu</i></b>&#160;joined XBiotech in April 2015, initially serving as the Financial Controller before transitioning to the position of Director of Finance in February 2023. Ms. Hu holds a Bachelor degree in finance and has previous experience as a senior accountant at National Instruments and Honeywell prior to joining XBiotech.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Board of Directors </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Our Board of Directors currently consists of four directors. The Company invites and encourages all directors and nominees for director to attend the annual meeting of shareholders.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Board Leadership Structure </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Our Board of Directors is currently chaired by John Simard, our Chief Executive Officer. Jan-Paul Waldin, Esq. currently serves as the Company&#8217;s independent lead director. Our Board of Directors believes that, given the perspective, experience, and expertise that Mr. Simard brings as the founder of the Company, he is the most equipped individual to serve as both CEO and Chairman of the Board and his service in these capacities is appropriate and in the best interests of our Board of Directors, our company and our shareholders. Jan-Paul Waldin serves on our Board of Directors, is chairman of the nominating and corporate governance committee and is currently the sole member of the audit committee and compensation committee.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Role of the Board in Risk Oversight </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">One of the key functions of our Board of Directors is informed oversight of our risk management process. The Board of Directors does not have a standing risk management committee, but rather administers this oversight function directly through the Board of Directors as a whole, as well as through various standing committees of our Board of Directors that address risks inherent in their respective areas of oversight. In particular, our Board of Directors is responsible for monitoring and assessing strategic risk exposure, and our Audit Committee has the responsibility to consider and discuss our major financial risk exposures and the steps our management has taken to monitor and control these exposures, including guidelines and policies to govern the process by which risk assessment and management is undertaken. The Audit Committee also monitors compliance with legal and regulatory requirements. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee monitors the effectiveness of our corporate governance practices, including whether they are successful in preventing illegal or improper liability-creating conduct. Our Compensation Committee assesses and monitors whether any of our compensation policies and programs has the potential to encourage excessive risk-taking.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Information Regarding Committees of the Board of Directors </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Board has three standing committees: an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. The following table provides membership and meeting information in 2024 for each of the Board committees:</p>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">X</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">X</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">*</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">X</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 10pt;text-indent:-10pt;">Donald H. MacAdam</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">X</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">X</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">*</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 52%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 10pt;text-indent:-10pt;">Total meetings in 2024</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">4</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">1</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 14%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Committee Chairperson</p> </td>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:56pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Below is a description of each committee of the Board of Directors. Each of the committees has authority to engage legal counsel or other experts or consultants, as it deems appropriate to carry out its responsibilities.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b><i>Audit Committee </i></b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Audit Committee of our Board of Directors was established by our Board of Directors in February 2015 in accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;), to oversee the Company&#8217;s corporate accounting and financial reporting processes and audits of its financial statements. For this purpose, our Audit Committee performs several functions. Our Audit Committee evaluates the performance of and assesses the qualifications of the independent auditors; determines and approves the engagement of the independent auditors; determines whether to retain or terminate the existing independent auditors or to appoint and engage new independent auditors; reviews and approves the retention of the independent auditors to perform any proposed permissible non-audit services; monitors the rotation of partners of the independent auditors on the Company&#8217;s audit engagement team as required by law; reviews and approves or rejects transactions between the Company and any related persons; confers with management and the independent auditors regarding the effectiveness of internal controls over financial reporting; establishes procedures, as required under applicable law, for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by the Company regarding accounting, internal accounting controls or auditing matters and the confidential and anonymous submission by employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters; and meets to review the Company&#8217;s annual audited financial statements and quarterly financial statements with management and the independent auditor, including a review of the Company&#8217;s disclosures under &#8220;Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.&#8221;</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Our Audit Committee is currently composed of one director, Mr. Jan-Paul Waldin, due to the passing of Mr. Donald MacAdam in July 2024 and Mr. Thorpe McKenzie&#8217;s retirement in March 2025. Our Board of Directors has adopted a written charter of the Audit Committee that is available to shareholders on the Company&#8217;s website at www.xbiotech.com. Our Board of Directors reviews the NASDAQ listing standards definition of independence for Audit Committee members on an annual basis and has determined that all members of our Audit Committee are independent as defined under NASDAQ listing standards, including the heightened standards applicable to audit committee members.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Our Board of Directors determined that Mr. McKenzie qualified as an &#8220;audit committee financial expert&#8221; prior to his retirement based on a qualitative assessment of Mr.&#160;McKenzie&#8217;s level of knowledge and experience based on a number of factors, including being a graduate of the Wharton Graduate division of the University of Pennsylvania, followed by a career in the finance industry spanning several decades, including extensive executive experience overseeing the preparation of financial statements and related matters. Due to the recency of Mr. McKenzie&#8217;s retirement and the Company&#8217;s intent to nominate additional directors to fill the current vacancies on the Audit Committee, the Board has not currently designated an &#8220;audit committee financial expert&#8221; to serve on the Audit Committee at this time. The Board also has determined that Mr. Waldin is sufficiently proficient in reading and understanding the company&#8217;s financial statements to serve on the Audit Committee.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;">1</sup>&#160;Mr. MacAdam passed away on July 10, 2024.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><i>Report of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors </i></p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Audit Committee has reviewed and discussed with management of the Company and the independent auditor the audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. The Audit Committee has reviewed and discussed with the independent registered public accounting firm the matters required to be discussed and all communications required to be discussed by the applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (&#8220;PCAOB&#8221;) and the SEC. The Audit Committee has also received the written disclosures and the letter from the independent registered public accounting firm required by applicable requirements of the PCAOB regarding the independent accountants&#8217; communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence, and has discussed with the independent registered public accounting firm the accounting firm&#8217;s independence. Based on the foregoing, the Audit Committee has recommended to the Board of Directors, and the Board subsequently approved the recommended, that the audited financial statements be included in the Company&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, for filing with the SEC.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">THE AUDIT COMMITTEE</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Mr. Jan-Paul Waldin</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b><i>Compensation Committee </i></b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Compensation Committee was established by our Board of Directors in February 2015 and is currently composed of one director, Mr. Jan-Paul Waldin, due to the passing of Mr. Donald MacAdam in July 2024 and Mr. Thorpe McKenzie&#8217;s retirement in March 2025. The Board of Directors reviews the NASDAQ listing standards definition of independence for Compensation Committee members on an annual basis and has determined that all members of the Company&#8217;s Compensation Committee are independent as defined under NASDAQ listing standards, including the heightened standards applicable to compensation committee members, and are &#8220;outside directors&#8221; for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The Compensation Committee has adopted a written charter that is available to shareholders on the Company&#8217;s website at www.xbiotech.com.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><i>Compensation Committee Processes and Procedures </i></p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Compensation Committee meets at least once annually and with greater frequency if necessary. Our compensation committee is responsible for the executive compensation programs for our executive officers and reports to our Board of Directors on its discussions, decisions and other actions. Our compensation committee reviews and approves corporate goals and objectives relating to the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer, evaluates the performance of our Chief Executive Officer in light of those goals and objectives and determines and approves the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer based on such evaluation. Our compensation committee has the sole authority to determine our Chief Executive Officer&#8217;s compensation. In addition, our compensation committee, in consultation with our Chief Executive Officer, reviews and approves all compensation for other officers.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The charter of the Compensation Committee grants the Compensation Committee sole authority and right, at the expense of the Company, to retain or obtain the advice of legal counsel, compensation and other consultants, accountants, experts and advisers of its choice to assist the Committee in connection with its functions, including any studies or investigations, but only after conducting an independence assessment and taking into consideration all factors relevant to any adviser&#8217;s independence from management, including those specified in Rule 6505(d)(3) of the Nasdaq Rules and those set forth in SEC rules. In particular, the Compensation Committee has the sole authority to retain compensation consultants to assist in its evaluation of executive and director compensation, including the authority to approve the consultant&#8217;s reasonable fees and other retention terms. During the past fiscal year, the Compensation Committee determined not to utilize a third party compensation consultant. Due to the Company&#8217;s current status as a smaller reporting company, it does not feel that the application of a compensation consultant is an efficient use of funds at the present time.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Under its charter, the Compensation Committee may form, and delegate authority to, subcommittees as appropriate. In 2017, the Board determined that for the sake of administrative convenience, it was desirable to delegate John Simard, the President, CEO and Chairman of the Board (the &#8220;Executive&#8221;), the authority to grant certain options pursuant to the terms of the Company&#8217;s 2015 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the &#8220;2015 Plan&#8221;), subject to certain limitations including (i) without the prior written approval of the Board, Executive shall not in any one calendar year grant options to acquire more than 1,000,000 Shares in the aggregate or more than 100,000 options to any one individual, provided that options granted pursuant to any such written approval shall not be counted toward the foregoing thresholds; (ii) without the prior written approval of the Board, Executive shall not grant options to himself or to certain other executive officers; (iii) the exercise price for options granted by Executive shall be the closing price of the Shares on the date of grant and term of any such options shall not be greater than 10 years; and (iv) Executive shall make any and all option grants pursuant to the authority delegated by the Board and specify the material terms of such options and provide that such options will be subject to the terms and conditions of a stock option agreement to be prepared by the Company promptly following the date of grant. The purpose of this delegation of authority is to enhance the flexibility of option administration within the Company and to facilitate the timely grant of options to non-management employees, particularly new employees, within specified limits approved by the Compensation Committee.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Compensation Committee will make adjustments, if any, to annual compensation, bonus and equity awards and establish new performance guidelines at one or more meetings during 2024. Generally, the Compensation Committee&#8217;s process comprises two related elements: the determination of compensation levels and the establishment of performance objectives for the current year. For executives other than the Chief Executive Officer, the Compensation Committee solicits and considers evaluations and recommendations submitted to the Committee by the Chief Executive Officer. In the case of the Chief Executive Officer, the evaluation of his performance is conducted by the Compensation Committee, which determines any adjustments to his compensation as well as awards to be granted.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b><i>Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee </i></b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee is currently composed of one director, Mr. Jan-Paul Waldin (Chair), due to the passing of Mr. Donald MacAdam in July 2024 and Mr. Thorpe McKenzie&#8217;s retirement in March 2025. Mr. Waldin is independent as defined under NASDAQ listing standards. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee has adopted a written charter that is available to shareholders on the Company&#8217;s website at <span style="text-decoration: underline; ">www.xbiotech.com</span>.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee was established by the Board of Directors in February 2015 and is responsible for identifying, reviewing and evaluating candidates to serve as directors of the Company (consistent with criteria approved by the Board), reviewing and evaluating incumbent directors, recommending to the Board for selection candidates for election to the Board of Directors, making recommendations to the Board regarding the membership of the committees of the Board, assessing the performance of the Board, and monitoring the Company&#8217;s adherence to its Code of Business Conduct and Ethics.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee believes that candidates for director, both individually and collectively, should provide the integrity, experience, judgment, commitment (including having sufficient time to devote to the Company and level of participation), skills, diversity and expertise appropriate for the Company. In assessing the directors, both individually and collectively, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee may consider the current needs of the Board and the Company to maintain a balance of knowledge, experience and capability in various areas. However, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee retains the right to modify these qualifications from time to time. Candidates for director nominees are reviewed in the context of the current composition of the Board, the operating requirements of the Company and the long-term interests of shareholders. In conducting this assessment, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee typically considers diversity, age, skills and such other factors as it deems appropriate, given the current needs of the Board and the Company, to maintain a balance of knowledge, experience and capability on the Board. In the case of incumbent directors whose terms of office are set to expire, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee reviews these directors&#8217; overall service to the Company during their terms, including the number of meetings attended, level of participation, quality of performance and any other relationships and transactions that might impair the directors&#8217; independence. In the case of new director candidates, the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee also determines whether the nominee is independent for NASDAQ purposes, which determination is based upon applicable NASDAQ listing standards, applicable SEC rules and regulations and the advice of counsel, if necessary. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee then uses its network of contacts to compile a list of potential candidates, but may also engage, if it deems appropriate, a professional search firm. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will also consider candidates recommended by shareholders. In order to recommend a candidate for consideration, shareholders must follow the procedures described below under the heading &#8220;Advance Notice Provisions.&#8221;</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee conducts any appropriate and necessary inquiries into the backgrounds and qualifications of possible candidates after considering the function and needs of the Board. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee meets to discuss and consider the candidates&#8217; qualifications and then selects a nominee for recommendation to the Board by majority vote.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Advance Notice Provisions </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Our Articles contain provisions known as &#8220;Advance Notice Provisions&#8221;, which provide that advance notice to the Company must be made and the procedures set out in the Articles must be followed for persons to be eligible for election to the Board of Directors. Nomination of persons for election to the Board of Directors may only be made at an annual meeting of shareholders or at a special meeting of shareholders called for any purpose, which includes the election of directors.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">In the case of an annual meeting of shareholders, notice to us must be made not less than 30 or more than 65 days prior to the date of the annual meeting; provided, however, that if the annual meeting is to be held on a date that is less than 50 days after the date on which the first public announcement of the date of the annual meeting was made, notice may be made not later than the close of business on the 10th day following such public announcement. In the case of a special meeting of shareholders (which is not also an annual meeting), notice to us must be made not later than the close of business on the 15th day following the day on which the first public announcement of the date of the special meeting was made.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Meetings of the Board of Directors </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Board of Directors met four times during 2024, the Company&#8217;s last fiscal year. All directors who served in 2024 attended all of the meetings of the Board and of the committees on which they served.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Communications With the Board of Directors </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Company&#8217;s Board has adopted a formal process by which shareholders and other interested parties may communicate with the Board or any of its directors. Shareholders and other interested parties who wish to communicate with the Board may do so by sending written communications addressed to the Secretary of XBiotech Inc. at 5217 Winnebago Lane 100 Austin, TX 78744. Each communication must set forth the name and address of the interested party or the Company shareholder on whose behalf the communication is sent and the number of Company shares that are owned beneficially by such shareholder as of the date of the communication. Each communication will be reviewed by the Company&#8217;s Secretary to determine whether it is appropriate for presentation to the Board or relevant directors. Communications determined by the Company&#8217;s Secretary to be appropriate for presentation to the Board or any relevant directors are submitted to the Board or relevant directors on a periodic basis.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Code of Ethics </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Company has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all directors, officers and employees. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available on the Company&#8217;s website at www.xbiotech.com under the Corporate Governance section of our Investor Relations page. If the Company makes any substantive amendments to the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer, controller or persons performing similar functions, or grants any waiver from a provision of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics to any of these specified individuals that is required to be disclosed pursuant to SEC rules and regulations, the Company will promptly disclose the nature of the amendment or waiver on its website.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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   <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Employee, Officer and Director Hedging and Pledging </b></p>
   <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">To the Company&#8217;s knowledge, based solely on a review of the reports filed electronically with the SEC and written representations that no other reports were required, during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, all Section 16(a) filing requirements applicable to its officers, directors and greater than ten percent beneficial owners were complied with.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>ITEM</b>&#8201;<b>11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION<a id="Item_11" href="#"></a> </b></p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Pursuant to Item 10(f) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, as indicated herein, we have elected to comply with certain scaled disclosure requirements applicable to &#8220;smaller reporting companies&#8221; with respect to certain portions of the executive compensation disclosure in this Amendment.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The following table shows for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, compensation awarded to, paid to, or earned by, our principal executive officer and our two other executive officers (the &#8220;Named Executive Officers&#8221;) listed below:</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">John Simard, Founder, President, Chief Executive Officer &amp; Chairman;</p> </td>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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     <td style="width: 27pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#8226;</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Sushma Shivaswamy, Ph.D., Chief Scientific Officer; and</p> </td>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Angela Hu, Director of Finance</p> </td>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Summary Compensation Table for Fiscal Years 2024 and 2023 </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 28%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Name and Principal Position</b></p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 28%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 10pt;text-indent:-10pt;">John Simard, President &amp; Chief Executive Officer</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">2024</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">1,205,083</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">-</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">5,030,000</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">10,498</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">6,245,581</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 28%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">2023</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">1,065,440</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">-</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">11,041</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">5,556,481</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 28%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 10pt;text-indent:-10pt;">Sushma Shivaswamy, Ph.D. Chief Scientific Officer</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">2024</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">450,000</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%; text-align: center; padding: 0pt;">-</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">10,498</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">657,572</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 28%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">2023</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">445,190</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">270,509</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">-</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">4,800</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">720,499</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 28%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 10pt;text-indent:-10pt;">Angela Hu, Director of Finance</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">2024</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">200,000</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%; text-align: center;">-</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">80,000</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">5,419</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">285,419</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 28%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">2023</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">81,153</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">-</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">4,800</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 11%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">279,286</p> </td>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(1)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">In accordance with SEC rules, this column reflects the aggregate grant date fair value of the option awards granted during 2024 and 2023, as applicable, computed in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board ASC Topic 718 for stock-based compensation transactions, or ASC 718. Assumptions used in the calculation of these amounts are included in Note 2 to the Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. These amounts do not reflect the actual economic value that will be realized by the Named Executive Officer upon the vesting of the stock options, the exercise of the stock options, or the sale of the common stock underlying such stock options.</p> </td>
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   </tbody>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
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     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(2)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Amounts shown represent discretionary performance bonuses earned for 2024 and 2023. Mr. Simard was granted a cash bonus of $5,030,000 in 2024 and $4,480,000 in 2023, which was paid in the second quarter of 2024 and 2023, respectively.</p> </td>
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   </tbody>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
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     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(3)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Amounts shown represent premiums for health and life insurance as well as short and long-term disability insurance paid by us on behalf of the Named Executive Officers. All of these benefits are provided to the Named Executive Officers on the same terms as provided to all of our regular full-time employees in the United States.</p> </td>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Employment Agreements with Named Executive Officers </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">All of our Named Executive Officers have or had employment agreements and/or offer letters with us that provide that their employment is at will and may be terminated at any time by the executive or by us with or without cause and without notice. The employment agreements provide for certain base salary, target bonus and severance payments to our Named Executive Officers as follows:</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Employment Agreement with John Simard. </i>We entered into an employment agreement and change of control agreement with John Simard, our Chief Executive Officer and President on March 22, 2005. The employment agreement is for an indefinite term. Mr. Simard&#8217;s current annual base salary is $1,250,000 per year, and he is eligible under the agreement for an annual incentive cash payment of up to 35% of his base salary, subject to the achievement of short-term and long-term business performance objectives as well as personal performance objectives, as established from time to time by the board or Compensation Committee. The employment agreement contains customary non-competition and non-solicitation provisions which apply for a period of six months after Mr. Simard&#8217;s employment is terminated for any reason. In addition, Mr. Simard agrees that all intellectual property developed by him during the term of his employment agreement shall be our property. If Mr. Simard is terminated without cause, if he resigns for good reason or if there is a change in control, he is entitled to certain severance benefits. Mr. Simard may voluntarily resign for any reason by providing us with three months prior notice. We may elect to waive all or a portion of such notice by paying to Mr. Simard his base salary that he would have earned if he had remained employed by us for the full duration of such notice period. If Mr. Simard terminates his employment within 12 months after a &#8220;change of control&#8221; for &#8220;good reason&#8221; or if he is terminated without cause, we will make a lump sum payment to him equal to twelve month of his base salary, plus other sum owed to him for arrears of salary, vacation pay and, if awarded, his performance bonus, subject to his prior resignation as a director. Additionally, if Mr. Simard terminates his employment within 12 months after a change of control or for good reason, all unvested stock options held by him will immediately vest on such termination and will survive and be exercisable by Mr. Simard, along with his vested options, in accordance with the terms of the option agreements. To the extent permitted by applicable law, we will provide health, medical, dental and other insurance benefits to Mr. Simard for a period of one year after his termination date.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b><i>Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control </i></b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. Simard is eligible to receive severance and change in control benefits under the terms of his employment agreement described above under &#8220;&#8212;Employment Agreements with Named Executive Officers.&#8221;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 56pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Additionally, stock options granted to our Named Executive Officers are subject to the change in control provisions set forth in the 2005 Plan and the 2015 Plan, as applicable, and as further described below under &#8220;Equity Compensation Plans and Other Benefit Plans.&#8221;</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The following table shows for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, certain information regarding outstanding equity awards at fiscal year-end for the Named Executive Officers.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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  <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt; text-align: left">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b>Outstanding Equity Awards at December 31, 2024 </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b>Option Awards </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;width:100%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;">
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 10pt;text-indent:-10pt;">John Simard</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">03/31/2016<sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;">(1)</sup></p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">48,125</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">9.45</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">3/30/2026</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">61,516</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">4.24</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">110,740</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">$</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">4.44</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">6/18/2028</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">150,000</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">7.45</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">6/26/2029</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">500,000</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">$</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">11.12</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">&#160;6/19/2017<sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;">(6)</sup></p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">4.24</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">4.13</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">15,000</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">5.26</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">01/03/2029</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">100,000</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">10.36</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">11/05/2029</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">&#160;11/19/2021<sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;">(10)</sup></p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">100,000</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">$</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">12.67</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">11/18/2031</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">02/10/2023<sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;">(11)</sup></p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">75,000</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-align: right;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;25,000</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">$</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">3.84</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">02/09/2033</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 10pt;text-indent:-10pt;">Angela Hu</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">04/01/2015<sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;">(12)</sup></p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">4,500</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">$</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">19.00</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">04/01/2025</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">5,000</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">$</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">5.26</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">01/03/2029</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">11/06/2019<sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;">(14)</sup></p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">10,000</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">$</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">10.36</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">11/05/2029</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 34%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">11/19/2021<sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;">(15)</sup></p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">10,000</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">$</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">12.64</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">11/18/2031</p> </td>
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    <tr style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">02/10/2023<sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;">(16)</sup></p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">22,500</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-align: right;">7,500</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">$</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt;">3.84</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align: middle; width: 12%;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;">02/09/2033</p> </td>
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   </tbody>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">
   <tbody>
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     <td style="width:6pt;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Fully vested as of March 31, 2019.</p> </td>
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   </tbody>
  </table>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">
   <tbody>
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     <td style="width:6pt;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Fully vested as of June 19, 2020.</p> </td>
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   </tbody>
  </table>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">
   <tbody>
    <tr>
     <td style="width:6pt;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Fully vested as of June 19, 2021.</p> </td>
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   </tbody>
  </table>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">
   <tbody>
    <tr>
     <td style="width:6pt;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Fully vested as of June 27, 2022.</p> </td>
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   </tbody>
  </table>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">
   <tbody>
    <tr>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Fully vested as of December 6, 2020.</p> </td>
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   </tbody>
  </table>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">
   <tbody>
    <tr>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Fully vested as of June 19, 2020.</p> </td>
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   </tbody>
  </table>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">
   <tbody>
    <tr>
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   </tbody>
  </table>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">
   <tbody>
    <tr>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Fully vested as of January 4, 2021.</p> </td>
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   </tbody>
  </table>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%;font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;">
   <tbody>
    <tr>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Fully vested as of November 6, 2022.</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:18pt;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(10)</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Fully vested as of November 19, 2023.</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:18pt;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(11)</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">The options vest at the rate of one-fourth of the total number of shares subject to the option over two years with the initial vesting event on August 10, 2023.</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:18pt;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(12)</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Fully vested as of April 1, 2019. Expired in accordance to its terms as of April 1, 2025.</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:18pt;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(13)</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Fully vested as of January 4, 2021.</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:18pt;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(14)</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Fully vested as of November 06, 2022.</p> </td>
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     <td style="width:6pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:18pt;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(15)</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Fully vested as of November 19, 2023.</p> </td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:18pt;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(16)</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">The options vest at the rate of one-fourth of the total number of shares subject to the option over two years with the initial vesting event on August 10, 2023.</p> </td>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Processes and Procedures for Compensation Decisions </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Our compensation committee has the sole authority to determine our Chief Executive Officer&#8217;s compensation and, in its discretion, may award cash bonus payments in addition to the incentive cash payments set forth in the Chief Executive Officer&#8217;s employment agreement. In determining the Chief Executive Officer&#8217;s compensation, our compensation committee has discretion to consider any factors it deems important, including but not limited to our Chief Executive Officer&#8217;s performance and the performance of the Company. In addition, our compensation committee, in consultation with our Chief Executive Officer, reviews and approves all compensation for other officers.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">In addition, our compensation committee, in consultation with our Chief Executive Officer, reviews and approves all compensation for other officers, including the directors. The compensation committee is authorized to retain the services of one or more executive compensation and benefits consultants or other outside experts or advisors as it sees fit, in connection with the establishment of our compensation programs and related policies.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">As indicated above, the Compensation Committee currently consists of Jan-Paul Waldin due to the passing of Mr. Donald MacAdam in July 2024 and Mr. Thorpe McKenzie&#8217;s retirement in March 2025. No member of the Compensation Committee has ever been an officer or employee of ours and no member is party to a related party transaction with us. None of our executive officers currently serves, or has served during the last completed fiscal year, on the Compensation Committee or Board of Directors of any other entity that has one or more executive officers serving as a member of our Board of Directors or Compensation Committee.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>CEO Pay Ratio Performance </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Item 402(u) of the SEC&#8217;s Regulation S-K requires disclosure of the ratio of the annual total compensation of the Company&#8217;s CEO to the Company&#8217;s median employee&#8217;s annual total compensation. The ratio disclosed below is a reasonable estimate calculated in a manner consistent with Item 402(u).</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b><i>Methodology and Determined Ratio </i></b></p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The pay ratio disclosure rule permits companies to identify the median employee only once every three years, provided that there has not been a change in employee population or employee compensation arrangements that would significantly change the pay ratio disclosure. However, the total compensation amounts for both the median employee and the CEO to calculate the CEO pay ratio are required to be updated and disclosed on an annual basis.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">In 2024, we determined the median employee by analyzing base salary and wages (including overtime, stock option, etc.) for all active employees (annualized based on full-time or part-time hourly or salaried status for 2024 if employed for less than the full year) in and outside the United States as of December 31, 2024. We calculated the median employee&#8217;s total compensation for 2024 in accordance with the rules applicable to disclosure of compensation in the summary compensation table. The total compensation of the median employee based on this methodology and criteria for 2024 was $100,800.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Mr. Simard&#8217;s total compensation for 2024, as reported in the Summary Compensation Table, was $6,245,581. Therefore, the annual CEO total compensation was approximately 62 times that of the median annual total compensation of all other employees in 2024.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Pay Versus Performance </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">As required by Section 953(a) of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, we are providing the following information about the relationship between executive compensation actually paid and certain financial performance of our company.</p>
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  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="finTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; text-indent: 0px;">
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     <td colspan="22" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 22%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;"><b>Year</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Summary<br/> Compensation<br/> Table Total<br/> for Principal<br/> Executive<br/> Officer<br/> (&#8220;PEO&#8221;)(1)</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Compensation<br/> Actually Paid to<br/> PEO</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Average<br/> Summary<br/> Compensation<br/> Table Total for<br/> Non-PEO<br/> Named<br/> Executive<br/> Officers<br/> (&#8220;NEOs&#8221;)(2)</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Average<br/> Compensation<br/> Actually Paid to<br/> Non-PEO<br/> NEOs(3)</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Value of<br/> Initial Fixed<br/> $100<br/> Investment<br/> Based On<br/> Total<br/> Shareholder<br/> Return<br/> (&#8220;TSR&#8221;)(4)</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Net Income<br/> (Loss)<br/> (millions)(5)</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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     <td colspan="22" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 22%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">(a)</p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;">(b)</p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;">(c)</p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;">(d)</p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;">(e)</p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;">(f)</p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;">(g)</p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td colspan="22" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 22%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">2024</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">6,245,581</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">6,245,581</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">471,495</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">471,495</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">2.25</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">(38.53</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
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     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">5,556,481</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">5,556,481</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">499,893</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">324,062</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">13.96</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
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     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">4,670,934</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">4,670,934</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">356,748</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">356,748</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">(68.64</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">)</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">(32.90</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">)</td>
    </tr>

   </tbody>
  </table>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
   <tbody>
    <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(1)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">The dollar amounts reported in column (b) are the amounts of total compensation reported for Mr. Simard (our Chief Executive Officer) for each corresponding year in the &#8220;Total&#8221;&#160;column of the Summary Compensation Table. Refer to &#8220;Executive Compensation-Summary Compensation Table.&#8221;&#160;</p> </td>
    </tr>

   </tbody>
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  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
   <tbody>
    <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(2)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">The dollar amounts reported in column (d) represent the average of the amounts reported for our company&#8217;s named executive officers as a group (excluding Mr. Simard) in the &#8220;Total&#8221;&#160;column of the Summary Compensation Table in each applicable year. The names of each of the named executive officers (excluding Mr. Simard) included for purposes of calculating the average amounts in each applicable year are as follows: for 2023 and 2024 Dr. Shivaswamy and Ms. Hu and for 2022, Dr. Shivaswamy and Ms. Queena Han.</p> </td>
    </tr>

   </tbody>
  </table>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
   <tbody>
    <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(3)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">The dollar amounts reported in column (e) represent the average amount of &#8220;compensation actually paid&#8221;&#160;to the named executive officers as a group (excluding Mr. Simard), as computed in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K. The dollar amounts do not reflect the actual average amount of compensation earned by or paid to the named executive officers as a group (excluding Mr. Simard) during the applicable year. In accordance with the requirements of Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, the following adjustments were made to average total compensation for the named executive officers as a group (excluding Mr. Simard) for each year to determine the compensation actually paid:</p> </td>
    </tr>

   </tbody>
  </table>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="finTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; text-indent: 0px;">
   <tbody>
    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">
     <td colspan="13" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 46%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;"><b>Year</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Average Reported<br/> Summary<br/> Compensation Table<br/> Total for Non-PEO<br/> NEOs ($)</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Average<br/> Reported<br/> Value of<br/> Equity<br/> Awards<br/> ($)</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Average<br/> Compensation<br/> Actually Paid<br/> to Non-PEO<br/> NEOs ($)</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td colspan="13" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 46%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">2024</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 15%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">471,495</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;">-</p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 15%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">471,495</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td colspan="13" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 46%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">2023</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 15%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">499,893</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 15%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: center;">(175,831)</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 15%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">324,062</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td colspan="13" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 46%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">2022</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 15%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">356,748</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; width: 1%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;">-</p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 15%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">356,748</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
    </tr>

   </tbody>
  </table>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
   <tbody>
    <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(4)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Cumulative TSR is calculated by dividing the sum of the cumulative amount of dividends for the measurement period, assuming dividend reinvestment, and the difference between our company&#8217;s share price at the end and the beginning of the measurement period by our company&#8217;s share price at the beginning of the measurement period.</p> </td>
    </tr>

   </tbody>
  </table>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
   <tbody>
    <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(5)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">The dollar amounts reported represent the amount of net income (loss) reflected in our consolidated audited financial statements for the applicable year.</p> </td>
    </tr>

   </tbody>
  </table>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b><i>Analysis of the Information Presented in the Pay Versus Performance Table </i></b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">We generally seek to incentivize long-term performance, and therefore do not specifically align our performance measures with &#8220;compensation actually paid&#8221; (as computed in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K) for a particular year. In accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, we are providing the following descriptions of the relationships between information presented in the Pay Versus Performance table.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <div class="PGBK" style="width: 100%; margin-left: 0pt; margin-right: 0pt">
   <div class="PGFTR" style="text-align: center; width: 100%">
    <div class="hf-row">
     <div class="hf-cell PGNUM" style="text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; font-family: Times New Roman;">
      13
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   <div class="PGHDR" style="text-align: left; width: 100%">
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     <div class="hf-cell TOCLink">
      &#160;
     </div>
    </div>
   </div>
  </div>
  <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt; text-align: left">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><i>Compensation Actually Paid and Net Income (Loss) </i></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Our business model includes discovery and development of drug candidates for potential sale prior to marketing authorization. Revenues are thus periodic (however, during the current reporting there was ongoing revenue associated with Janssen agreement related to our sale of bermekimab in 2019.). Our company has historically looked to value creation of is pipeline of assets rather than to net income (loss) as a performance measure for our executive compensation program. Compared to 2023, our net loss in 2024 increased due to the expansion and initiation of new clinical trials and other research and development activities. Compensation actually paid for our principal executive officer and non-PEO named executive officers increased in 2024 compared to 2023.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><i>Compensation Actually Paid and Cumulative TSR </i></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The compensation actually paid to our principal executive officer and non-PEO named executive officers during the periods presented are related to performance measures with respect to the potential transactional value and market potential with our pipeline of drug candidates.&#160;To align executive compensation with performance, we employ several measures, but they are generally not financial performance measures, such as TSR.&#160;For compensation we consider both stock options&#160;and discretionary cash bonuses as an essential part&#160;of our executive incentive and retention program.&#160;Stock options only generate value if the market price of our common stock increases and the executive officer remains employed with us during the vesting period and align our executive officers&#8217; interests with those of our shareholders. Discretionary cash bonuses provide strong incentive and retention value and is generally less costly to the Company in the long term than stock based compensation. Compared to 2023, in 2024, our TSR decreased in 2024 and the compensation actually paid for our principal executive officer and non-PEO named executive officers increased.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <div>
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  <div>
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   <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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   <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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  </ix:nonNumeric></div>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Director Compensation </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">We compensate non-employee members of the Board of Directors through both cash fees and annual equity grants under our 2015 Plan, which grants are made at the fair market value of our common stock at the time of grant. Directors who are also employees do not receive cash or equity compensation in addition to compensation they receive for their service as our employees. Both non-employee and employee members of the Board of Directors are reimbursed as necessary for travel, lodging and other reasonable expenses incurred while attending Board of Directors or committee meetings.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The following table shows for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 certain information with respect to the compensation of all non-employee directors of the Company. Because John Simard serves as Chief Executive Officer of the Company, he does not receive compensation for his services as Chairman of the Board.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b><i>Director Compensation for Fiscal Year 2024 </i></b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Option Awards<br/> ($)(1)(2)(3)</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Total ($)</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
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     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">90,915</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">130,595</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">-</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">221,510</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td colspan="14" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Jan-Paul Waldin</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">97,185</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">130,595</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">-</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">227,780</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td colspan="14" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Peter Libby</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">62,700</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">130,595</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">-</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">193,295</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td colspan="14" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Donald H. MacAdam</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">87,780</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">130,595</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">-</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">218,375</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
    </tr>

   </tbody>
  </table>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
   <tbody>
    <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(1)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Amounts listed represent the aggregate grant date fair value amount computed as of the grant date of each option awarded during 2024 in accordance with ASC 718. Assumptions used in the calculation of these amounts are included in Note 2 to the Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. As required by SEC rules, the amounts shown exclude the impact of estimated forfeitures related to service-based vesting conditions. Our directors will only realize compensation to the extent the trading price of our common stock is greater than the exercise price of such stock options. As required by SEC rules, the amounts shown exclude the impact of estimated forfeitures related to service-based vesting conditions.</p> </td>
    </tr>

   </tbody>
  </table>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
   <tbody>
    <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(2)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Pursuant to the terms of their Board Member Agreements or other agreements with the Company. McKenzie, MacAdam, Waldin, and Libby were each granted 37,500 nonstatutory stock options under the Company&#8217;s 2015 Equity Incentive Plan, which options were granted at the closing sales price per share of the Company&#8217;s Common Stock on the date of issuance. All such options vest in two equal portions at six months and one year from the Grant Date and expire ten years from the Grant Date.</p> </td>
    </tr>

   </tbody>
  </table>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
   <tbody>
    <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(3)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">The aggregate number of outstanding options held by McKenzie, Waldin, and Libby as of December 31, 2024 was 317,500, 200,000 and 137,500, respectively.</td>
    </tr>

   </tbody>
  </table>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Compensation Committee Report </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The compensation committee has reviewed and discussed the section titled &#8220;Executive Compensation&#8221; with management. Based on such review and discussion, the compensation committee has recommended to the Board of Directors that the section titled &#8220;Executive Compensation&#8221; be included in this Amendment.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Respectfully submitted by the members of the compensation committee of the Board of Directors:</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Jan-Paul Waldin</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>ITEM</b>&#8201;<b>12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS<a id="Item_12" href="#"></a> </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The following table sets forth certain information regarding the ownership of the Company&#8217;s common stock as of March 18, 2025 by (i) each of our directors; (ii) each of our Named Executive Officers as defined below under the heading &#8220;Executive Compensation&#8221;; (iii) each person known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our outstanding common stock and (iv) all of our current executive officers and directors as a group.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and includes voting and investment power with respect to the securities. This table is based upon information supplied by officers, directors and principal shareholders and Schedules 13D and 13G filed with the SEC. Except as indicated by footnote, and subject to applicable community property laws, we believe the persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock shown as beneficially owned by them. The number of shares of common stock used to calculate the percentage ownership of each listed person includes the shares of common stock underlying options held by such persons that are exercisable as of May 17, 2024, which is 60 days after March 18, 2025.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Percentage of beneficial ownership is based on 30,487,731 shares of common stock outstanding as of March 18, 2025.</p>
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  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="finTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; text-indent: 0px;">
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Percent of Total</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;"><b>Name and address of Greater than 5% Shareholders</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>&#160;</b></td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>&#160;</b></td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>&#160;</b></td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>&#160;</b></td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>&#160;</b></td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>&#160;</b></td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Thomas Gut (1)</p> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Lindenberg Family Office Ltd.</p> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Laternengasse 5</p> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">8001 Zurich, Switzerland</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">3,914,111</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">12.8</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">%</td>
    </tr>

    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;"><b>Named Executive Officers and Directors (2)</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>&#160;</b></td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>&#160;</b></td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>&#160;</b></td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>&#160;</b></td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>&#160;</b></td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"><b>&#160;</b></td>
    </tr>

    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">John Simard</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">5,719,775</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">17.7</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">%</td>
    </tr>

    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Jan-Paul Waldin</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">381,493</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">1.2</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">%</td>
    </tr>

    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">W. Thorpe McKenzie (3)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">2,987,509</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">9.7</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">%</td>
    </tr>

    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Peter Libby</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">143,750</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">*</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
    </tr>

    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Sushma Shivaswamy</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">515,000</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">1.7</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">%</td>
    </tr>

    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Angela Hu</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">85,000</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">*</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">All named executive officers and directors as a group (6 persons) (4)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">9,832,527</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">29.3</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">%</td>
    </tr>

   </tbody>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;width:100%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;">
   <tbody>
    <tr>
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 40px;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">*</p> </td>
     <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 1334px;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Less than one percent.</p> </td>
    </tr>

   </tbody>
  </table>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; text-indent: 0px;">
   <tbody>
    <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(1)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Based on information set forth in a Form 13/G filed with the SEC on February 7, 2024.</p> </td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(2)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">These figures include shares of common stock underlying stock options held by our Chief Executive Officer and directors that are immediately exercisable or scheduled to become immediately exercisable within 60 days of March 18, 2025. Underlying stock options include the following amounts: John Simard &#8211;&#160;1,896,609; Jan-Paul Waldin<sup style="vertical-align:top;line-height:120%;">&#160;</sup>&#8211;&#160;181,250; Thorpe McKenzie- 283,750; Peter Libby &#8211;&#160;118,750; Sushma Shivaswamy &#8211;&#160;515,000 and Angela Hu &#8211;&#160;59,500.</p> </td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: top;">
     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(3)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Mr. McKenzie served as a director until his retirement on March 27, 2025. This figure includes 66,748 shares held by the McKenzie Foundation, 31,864 shares held by Mr. McKenzie&#8217;s spouse and 7,676 shares held in a Trust for Mr. McKenzie&#8217;s stepchildren.</p> </td>
    </tr>

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     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(4)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Includes 3,054,859 shares of common stock underlying stock options held by our executive officers and directors (6 persons total) that are immediately exercisable or are scheduled to become exercisable within 60 days of March 18, 2025.</p> </td>
    </tr>

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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Equity Compensation Plans and Other Benefits Plans </b></p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b><i>2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan (the </i></b>&#8220;<b><i>2005 Plan</i></b>&#8221;<b><i>). </i></b></p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Our Board of Directors adopted and our shareholders approved the 2005 Plan on November&#160;11, 2005 for eligible employees, directors and consultants. Our Board of Directors administers the 2005 Plan including, without limitation, the selection of recipients of stock options under the 2005 Plan, the grant of stock options, the determination of the terms and conditions of any such options, the interpretation of the 2005 Plan and any other action they deem appropriate in connection with the administration of the 2005 Plan. The exercise price of the incentive stock options must equal at least 100% of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant, as determined by the Board of Directors, in its sole discretion, provided that such price may not be less than the lowest price permitted under the applicable rules and regulations of all regulatory authorities to which XBiotech is subject, including the stock exchange on which XBiotech&#8217;s shares are listed. The term of the options is at the discretion of the Board of Directors, but may not exceed ten years from the grant date. The options expire on the earlier of the expiration date or the date three months following the day on which the participant ceases to be a director, officer or employee of, or consultant to, XBiotech, or in the event of the termination of the participant with cause, the date of such termination, and in all cases, is subject to extension at the discretion of the Board of Directors. All options are nontransferable and may be exercised only by the participant, or in the event of the death of the participant, a legal representative until the earlier of the options&#8217; expiry date of the first anniversary of the participants&#8217; death or such other date as may be specified by the Board of Directors.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Pursuant to the terms of the 2005 Plan, the 2005 Plan automatically terminated on the tenth anniversary of its effective date, namely, November&#160;11, 2015. Following this expiry, no additional awards have been or will be granted under the 2005 Plan. However, all stock options granted under the 2005 Plan prior to the initial public offering continue to be governed by the terms of the 2005 Plan</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b><i>2015 Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the </i></b>&#8220;<b><i>2015 Plan</i></b>&#8221;<b><i>).</i></b><i> </i></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The 2015 Plan was adopted by the Board of Directors on April&#160;1, 2015, and approved by the Company&#8217;s shareholders on March&#160;13, 2015. The 2015 Plan is not subject to the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 because it is not an &#8220;employee benefit plan&#8221; as defined in that Act. The 2015 Plan is not a pension, profit-sharing or stock bonus plan within the meaning of Section&#160;401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the &#8220;Code&#8221;). The purpose of the 2015 Plan is to promote the interests of the Company by (i)&#160;providing directors, officers, employees and consultants of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or other persons as the Board may approve (&#8220;Eligible Persons&#8221;) with greater incentive to further develop and promote the business and financial success of the Company; (ii)&#160;aligning the interests of participants with those of Company shareholders and (iii)&#160;assisting the Company in attracting, retaining and motivating its directors, officers and employees. The 2015 Plan became effective March&#160;13, 2015 and will continue in effect for a term of ten years from the date adopted by the Board, unless terminated earlier by the Board. Upon adoption, the 2015 Plan initially had 1,000,000 common shares of the Company available for issuance under the 2015 Plan. On May&#160;13, 2016, the Board adopted an amendment to the 2015 Plan that increased the number of shares reserved for issuance thereunder to 4,000,000, which amendment was approved by the shareholders on June&#160;20, 2016. On December&#160;18, 2019, the Board of Directors adopted a second amendment to the 2015 Plan to increase the number of common shares that may be awarded under the plan by an additional 2,500,000 shares, which amendment was approved by the shareholders on June&#160;26, 2020. On April&#160;27, 2020, the Board of Directors adopted a third amendment to the 2015 Plan to increase the number of common shares that may be awarded under the plan by an additional 1,500,000 shares, which amendment was approved by the shareholders on June&#160;26, 2020. If any award (or portion thereof) expires or terminates without having been exercised in full or is forfeited to or repurchased by the Company, the number of Common Shares subject to such award will again be available for issuance under the 2015 Plan. Common Shares used to pay the exercise price of an award or to satisfy the tax withholding obligations related to an award will become available for future grant under the 2015 Plan. To the extent an award under the 2015 Plan is paid out in cash rather than Common Shares, such cash payment will not result in a reduction in the number of Common Shares available for issuance under the 2015 Plan.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The 2015 Plan automatically terminated on April 1, 2025. No further awards may be granted under the 2015 Plan, but any awards granted prior to such termination remain outstanding in accordance with their terms. As of December 31, 2024, award with respect to 4,316,585 common shares were outstanding under the 2015 Plan.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Adjustments.</i>&#160;In the event that any dividend or other distribution (whether in the form of cash, Common Shares, other securities, or other property), recapitalization, stock split, reverse stock split, reorganization, merger, consolidation,&#160;split-up,&#160;spin-off,&#160;combination, repurchase, or exchange of Common Shares or other securities of the Company, or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the Common Shares occurs, the Board, in order to prevent diminution or enlargement of the benefits or potential benefits intended to be made available under the 2015 Plan, will adjust the number and class of Common Shares that may be delivered under the 2015 Plan and/or the number, class, and price of Common Shares covered by each outstanding award.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Administration.</i>&#160;The 2015 Plan is administered by the Board, which pursuant to the terms of such Plan has delegated certain of its administrative authority and functions to the Company&#8217;s compensation committee. The Board has also delegated the authority to grant options (subject to certain limitations) to the Company&#8217;s chief executive officer, who is deemed to constitute a committee under the terms of the 2015 Plan. The Board has retained the authority to concurrently administer the 2015 Plan with any committee and may, at any time, reassume some or all of the powers previously delegated. The Board of Directors has the authority to determine all questions arising out of the 2015 Plan and any award granted pursuant to the 2015 Plan, which interpretations and determinations will be conclusive and binding on the Company and all other affected persons.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">To the extent that the Board determines it to be desirable to qualify awards granted hereunder as &#8220;performance-based compensation&#8221; within the meaning of Section&#160;162(m) of the Code, the 2015 Plan will be administered by a Committee of two or more &#8220;outside directors&#8221; within the meaning of Section&#160;162(m) of the Code.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Recoupment.</i>&#160;All awards granted under the 2015 Plan shall be subject to recoupment in accordance with any clawback policy that the Company is required to adopt pursuant to the listing standards of any stock exchange on which the Company&#8217;s securities are listed or as is otherwise required by other applicable law. In addition, an Award Agreement may contain such other clawback, recovery or recoupment provisions as the Board determines necessary or appropriate, including but not limited to a reacquisition right in respect of previously acquired Common Shares.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Limitations on Transfer.</i>&#160;Unless the Board expressly provides otherwise in the Award Agreement, an award may not be sold, pledged, assigned, hypothecated, transferred, or disposed of in any manner other than by will or by the laws of descent or distribution and may be exercised, during the lifetime of the participant, only by the participant.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Merger or Change in Control</i>. In the event of a merger or change of control, as defined in the 2015 Plan, an outstanding award may, at the determination of the Board (i)&#160;be assumed or substantially equivalent award substituted by the acquiring or succeeding corporation; (ii)&#160;be terminated upon or immediately prior to the merger or change of control (with or without payment or receipt of any consideration); (iii) vest and become exercisable, realizable or payable, or applicable restrictions lapse prior to or upon consummation of the merger or change of control; or (iv)&#160;any combination of the foregoing. If a successor corporation does not assume or provide a substitute for an outstanding award, such award shall fully vest and the participant shall have the right to exercise all of his or her outstanding Options and SARs and all restrictions on Restricted Share Awards and RSU Awards will lapse, and, with respect to awards subject to performance-based vesting, all performance goals or other vesting criteria will be deemed achieved at 100% of target levels and all other terms and conditions met.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Suspension, Termination or Amendment.</i>&#160;Subject to any limitations imposed by the 2015 Plan, the Board has the right at any time and from time to time to suspend, amend or terminate the 2015 Plan in any manner without consent or approval from participants or shareholders. No such suspension, amendment or termination shall materially prejudice the rights of any participant under any outstanding award without the participant&#8217;s consent. The full powers of the Board as provided for in the 2015 Plan will survive the termination of the 2015 Plan until all awards have been exercised or settled in full or have otherwise expired.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Stock Options.</i>&#160;Options under the 2015 Plan can take the form of both incentive stock options (&#8220;ISOs&#8221;), under which favorable tax treatment will be afforded the holder if certain conditions are met, and options not intended to qualify as ISOs (&#8220;NQSOs&#8221;). The exercise price under both ISOs and NQSOs shall be at least 100% (or 110% in the case of an ISO granted to a participant who owns 10% or more of the total voting power of all classes of the Company&#8217;s shares) of the fair market value of the Common Share on the date of grant. An option does not convey any rights of a shareholder to the participant until the underlying shares have been issued. Only Eligible Persons who are employees of the Company or its parent or subsidiaries may be granted ISOs.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Board may impose such limitations or conditions on the exercise or vesting of any option as it deems appropriate. Each Award Agreement will provide that the Option granted thereunder may be exercised by notice signed by the participant and accompanied by full payment for the Common Shares being purchased or by other means, including without limitation electronic means via&#160;on-line&#160;arrangements, as the Board may from time to time approve and allow. Acceptable form of consideration for payment of the exercise price may include: (i)&#160;cash or check (ii)&#160;tendering to the Company Common Shares already owned by the participant, and registered in his or her name, having a fair market value equal to the option price, (iii)&#160;a broker-assisted cashless exercise arrangement; (iv)&#160;net exercise; (v)&#160;such other consideration and method of payment permissible under applicable law; or (vi)&#160;by any combination of any of the foregoing payment methods.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Except as otherwise specified in the Award Agreement, (i)&#160;an option will remain exercisable for 90 days after the date the participant ceases to be an Eligible Person due to his or her termination without cause or resignation (or 180 days in the case of the participant&#8217;s retirement); (ii) if a participant ceases to be an Eligible Person due a termination of employment or service on account of disability, the option may be exercised by the participant or a representative within 365 days after such termination; (iii)&#160;in the event of death of the participant while an Eligible Person or within 90 days after ceasing to be an Eligible Person, the option shall be exercisable within 365 days after the date of the participant&#8217;s death; and (iv)&#160;an option shall immediately terminate and cease to be exercisable upon a participant&#8217;s termination for cause. However, in no event may an option be exercised more than ten years (five years in the case of a participant who owns Common Shares possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of class of shares of the Company) after the grant date or after the expiration of the option.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Stock Appreciation Rights.</i>&#160;Awards under the 2015 Plan may also be in the form of stock appreciation rights (&#8220;SARs&#8221;), which are generally intended to give a participant the right to receive the difference between the fair market value per Common Share on the date of exercise over the exercise price, subject to the terms, conditions and vesting requirements imposed by the Board and set forth in the Award Agreement evidencing the SAR award. The exercise under each SAR will be determined by the Board by reference to the fair market price(s) of the Common Shares on the primary Stock Exchange for which most trading of the Common Shares occurs, generally by reference to the closing market price of the Common Shares, provided that such price may not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value Price per Common Share on the date of grant. To exercise a SAR, the participant must provide written notice of exercise to the Company in compliance with the provisions of the Award Agreement. No SAR shall be exercisable after the expiration of ten years from the date of its grant or such shorter period specified in the Award Agreement. The appreciation distribution in respect of a SAR shall be paid in Common Shares, in cash, in any combination of the two or in any other form of consideration, as determined by the Board and set forth in the Award Agreement.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Restricted Share Awards.</i>&#160;The Board may grant Common Shares which are subject to restrictions on transferability as established by the Board and set forth in the Award Agreement evidencing such Restricted Share Award. A Restricted Share Award may be awarded in consideration for (i)&#160;cash, check, bank draft or money order payable to the Company; (ii)&#160;past services actually rendered to the Company or an Affiliate; or (iii)&#160;any other form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Board, in its sole discretion, and permissible under applicable law. Common Shares subject to a Restricted Share Award may be subject to forfeiture to or repurchase by the Company in accordance with a vesting schedule or other restrictions to be determined by the Board as specified in the Award Agreement. The Board, in its discretion, may accelerate the time at which any vesting conditions or other restrictions will lapse or be removed. Except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement, a participant holding a Restricted Share Award may exercise full voting rights and be entitled to receive all dividends and distributions paid with respect to such Common Shares prior to the vesting of the award. If any such dividends or distributions are paid in Common Shares, the Common Shares will be subject to the same restrictions on transferability and forfeitability as the Common Shares subject to the Restricted Share Award with respect to which they were paid. Except as otherwise provided in the 2015 Plan, Common Shares subject to the Restricted Share Award will be held in escrow and released after such Common Shares vest or the restrictions lapse or at such other time as determined by the Board.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Restricted Share Unit Awards</i>.&#160;Awards under the 2015 Plan may be in the form of a Restricted Share Unit (RSU) Award, which represent the right to receive Common Shares (or its cash equivalent or combination thereof) at a designated time in the future, subject to participant&#8217;s satisfaction of the restrictions and conditions to vesting established by the Board and set forth in the Award Agreement evidencing the RSU Award. At the time of grant of a RSU Award, the Board will determine the consideration, if any, to be paid by the participant upon delivery of each Common Share subject to the RSU Award. The consideration to be paid (if any) by the participant for each Common Share subject to a Restricted Share Unit Award may be paid in any form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Board of Directors in its sole discretion and permissible under applicable law. A participant may be credited with dividend equivalents, which at the discretion of the Board, may be converted into additional common shares covered by the RSU Award. Since RSUs are not actual ownership interests in the underlying Common Shares, a participant holding an RSU Award is not entitled to voting, dividend or other shareholder rights unless or until the RSUs vest and the Common Shares thereunder are transferred to the participant. Except as otherwise provided in the Award Agreement, the RSU Award (or vested portion thereof) shall be settled upon the participant&#8217;s satisfaction of the applicable vesting criteria.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Performance Share Awards</i>.&#160;The Board shall determine the terms and conditions applicable to a Performance Share Award, including the performance period, the performance objectives or other vesting provisions (including, without limitation, continued status as an Eligible Person). Performance objectives may be based upon the achievement of Company-wide, divisional, business unit or individual goals. After the applicable performance period has ended, a participant will be entitled to receive a payout of the number of Common Shares subject to the Performance Share Award earned over the performance period, to be determined as a function of the extent to which the corresponding performance objectives or other vesting provisions have been achieved. The Board, in its sole discretion, may reduce or waive any performance objectives or other vesting provisions for such Common Shares subject to the Performance Share Award. A vested Performance Share Award may be settled in Common Shares, its cash equivalent, or in any combination thereof, as determined by the Board and contained in the Award Agreement.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b><i>401(k) Plan. </i></b></p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">All of our full-time employees in the United States, including our Named Executive Officers, are eligible to participate in our 401(k) plan, which is a retirement savings defined contribution plan established in accordance with Section 401(a) of the Code. Pursuant to our 401(k) plan, employees may elect to defer their eligible compensation into the plan on a pre-tax basis, up to the statutorily prescribed annual limit of $23,000 in 2024 (additional salary deferrals not to exceed $7,500 are available to those employees 50 years of age or older) and to have the amount of this reduction contributed to our 401(k) plan. In general, eligible compensation for purposes of the 401(k) plan includes an employee&#8217;s wages, salaries, fees for professional services and other amounts received for personal services actually rendered in the course of employment with us to the extent the amounts are includible in gross income, and subject to certain adjustments and exclusions required under the Code. The 401(k) plan currently does not offer the ability to invest in our securities.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b><i>Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change in Control</i></b></p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. Simard is eligible to receive severance and change in control benefits under the terms of his employment agreement described above under &#8220;&#8212;Employment Agreements with Named Executive Officers.&#8221;</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Additionally, with respect to awards under the 2015 Plan, in the event of a merger or change of control, as defined in the 2015 Plan, an outstanding award may, at the determination of the Board (i) be assumed or substantially equivalent award substituted by the acquiring or succeeding corporation; (ii) be terminated upon or immediately prior to the merger or change of control (with or without payment or receipt of any consideration); (iii) vest and become exercisable, realizable or payable, or applicable restrictions lapse prior to or upon consummation of the merger or change of control; or (iv) any combination of the foregoing. If a successor corporation does not assume or provide a substitute for an outstanding award, such award shall fully vest and the participant shall have the right to exercise all of his or her outstanding Options and SARs and all restrictions on Restricted Share Awards and RSU Awards will lapse, and, with respect to awards subject to performance-based vesting, all performance goals or other vesting criteria will be deemed achieved at 100% of target levels and all other terms and conditions met.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Equity Compensation Plan Information </b></p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The following table provides information as of December 31, 2024, with respect to shares of our common stock that may be issued under our existing equity compensation plans:</p>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Weighted-<br/> average<br/> exercise<br/> price of<br/> outstanding<br/> options,<br/> warrants<br/> and rights</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Number of securities<br/> remaining available<br/> for future issuance<br/> under equity<br/> compensation plans<br/> (excluding securities<br/> reflected in column<br/> (a))</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Equity compensation plans approved by shareholders:</p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">15,000</td>
     <td style="width: 2%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">(1)</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">$</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">15.00</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">-</td>
     <td style="width: 2%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">(2)</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">2015 Equity Incentive Plan</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">4,316,585</td>
     <td style="width: 2%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">(1)</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">$</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">8.87</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">1,971,634</td>
     <td style="width: 2%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">(3)</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders:</p> </td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">None</p> </td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(1)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">All shares issuable upon exercise of options.</p> </td>
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     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(2)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">The 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan expired in November 2015.</p> </td>
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     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(3)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">The 2015 Equity Incentive Plan expired on April 1, 2025. No awards may be granted under the 2015 Plan following its expiration</p> </td>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">For more information about the 2005 Incentive Stock Option Plan and the 2015 Equity Incentive Plan, please refer to the section above entitled &#8220;&#8212;Equity Compensation Plans and Other Benefit Plans&#8221;, as well as Note 7 to the Financial Statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>ITEM</b>&#8201;<b>13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE<a id="Item_13" href="#"></a> </b></p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Transactions With Related Parties </b></p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Policies and Procedures for Related Party Transactions</i>. As set forth in our audit committee charter, our audit committee is responsible for reviewing and approving, in accordance with the Company&#8217;s Related Party Transaction Policy, any proposed transaction between the Company and any related party as defined by applicable law, the SEC rules and the Nasdaq Rules, which consist of all transactions and series of similar transactions to which we were a party or will be a party and in which any of our directors, executive officers and holders of more than 5% of our voting securities and their respective affiliates has a direct or indirect material interest. As used in this section, the terms &#8220;related person&#8221; and &#8220;transaction&#8221; have the meanings set forth in Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act. In the course of its review and approval of transactions with related persons, the audit committee considers:</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">&#183; the nature of the related person&#8217;s interest in the transaction;</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">&#183; the material terms of the transaction, including the amount involved and the type of the transaction;</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">&#183; the importance of the transaction to the related person and to XBiotech;</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">&#183; whether the transaction would impair the judgment of a director or executive officer to act in our best interest and the best interest of our shareholders; and</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">&#183; any other matters the audit committee deems appropriate.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Any member of the audit committee who is a related person with respect to a transaction under review will not be able to participate in the discussions or vote on the approval or ratification of the transaction, other than to provide all material information regarding the transaction, including information regarding the extent of the member&#8217;s interest in the transaction, to the audit committee. However, such a director may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of the committee that considers the transaction. Any material changes to the terms of, or any renewal of, any of these transactions will also require the same approval. If a related party transaction will be ongoing, the audit committee may establish guidelines or other parameters or conditions relating to our participation in the transaction. The audit committee may from time to time pre-approve types or categories of transactions by related persons but we have no such pre-approved types or categories of transactions at this time.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Related Transactions. </i>During the last two completed fiscal years, we have not been a party to any transaction or series of transactions in which the amount involved exceeds the lesser of $120,000 or 1% of the average of our total assets at year-end, in which any of our directors, executive officers, or holders of more than 5% of our shares, or an affiliate or immediate family member thereof, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest, other than compensation arrangements which are described under the sections of this proxy captioned &#8220;Director Compensation&#8221; and &#8220;Executive Compensation&#8221; and the previously disclosed Convertible Loan Agreement (the &#8220;Loan&#8221;) dated January 3, 2024 between the Company and Mr. Simard, our Chief Executive Officer and chairman of the Board of Directors. The Loan provides $10 million in funding for the construction of a new, state-of-the-art research and development facility at 5217 Winnebago Lane in Austin, Texas. The Loan is secured by the real estate and cash holdings of the Company, with interest to accrue at a simple rate equal to eight percent per year and interest-only payments to be made at six-month intervals after the Loan is funded. At Mr. Simard&#8217;s election, the balance may be converted to XBiotech stock at any time the Loan balance is outstanding at a fixed conversion price equal to the average Nasdaq Official Closing Price of the common stock (as reflected on Nasdaq.com) for the five trading days immediately preceding the signing of this Loan, which is $4.048 per share. The conversion feature is subject to a cap limiting the number of shares that could be converted under the Loan based on Mr. Simard&#8217;s total stock ownership in the Company at the time of conversion. The Loan also allows Mr. Simard to obtain immediate cash repayment of the Loan balance at his election one year after the Loan is funded or upon certain other conditions set forth in the Loan. On January 31, 2025, the Loan was terminated upon full repayment of the Loan in principal and interest by the Company. As a result, all conversion rights to XBiotech stock at $4.048&#160;per share associated with the Loan were extinguished.</p>
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  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Related Person Transaction Policy. </i>We adopted a formal, written policy, which became effective as of February 2015, that our executive officers, directors (including director nominees), holders of more than 5% of any class of our voting securities, and any member of the immediate family of or any entities affiliated with any of the foregoing persons, are not permitted to enter into a related party transaction with us without the prior approval or, in the case of pending or ongoing related party transactions, ratification of our audit committee. For purposes of our policy, a related party transaction is a transaction, arrangement or relationship where we were, are or will be involved and in which a related party had, has or will have a direct or indirect material interest, other than transactions available to all of our employees.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Indemnification Agreements. </i>We have entered into indemnification agreements with our directors in addition to the indemnification provided for under the British Columbia Business Corporations Act (the &#8220;BCBCA&#8221;) and in our Articles. These agreements, among other things, require us to indemnify our directors for certain expenses, including attorneys&#8217; fees, judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by a director in any action or proceeding arising out of their services as one of our directors or any other company or enterprise to which the person provides services at our request. We believe that these indemnification agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified persons as directors.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;"><i>Requirements under the British Columbia Business Corporations Act. </i>Pursuant to the BCBCA, directors and officers are required to act honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the company. Under the BCBCA, subject to certain limited exceptions, a director who holds a disclosable interest in a material contract or transaction is not entitled to vote on any director&#8217;s resolution approving such contract or transaction. A director or senior officer, with certain exceptions, has a disclosable interest in a contract or transaction if:</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">(a) the contract or transaction is material to the company;</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">(b) the company has entered, or proposes to enter, into the contract or transaction;</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">(c) either of the following applies to the director or senior officer:</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">(i) the director or senior officer has a material interest in the contract or transaction;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 56pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">(ii) the director or senior officer is a director or senior officer of, or has a material interest in, a person who has a material interest in the contract or transaction.</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 56pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Independence of the Board of Directors </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">As required under the NASDAQ Stock Market (&#8220;NASDAQ&#8221;) listing standards, a majority of the members of a listed company&#8217;s Board of Directors must qualify as &#8220;independent,&#8221; as affirmatively determined by the Board of Directors. The Board consults with the Company&#8217;s counsel to ensure that the Board&#8217;s determinations are consistent with relevant securities and other laws and regulations regarding the definition of &#8220;independent,&#8221; including those set forth in pertinent listing standards of NASDAQ, as in effect from time to time.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Consistent with these considerations, after review of all relevant identified transactions or relationships between each director, or any of his family members, and the Company, its senior management and its independent auditors, the Board has affirmatively determined that the following three directors are independent within the meaning of the applicable NASDAQ listing standards: Mr. Jan-Paul Waldin, Dr. Peter Libby and Dr. Tak W. Mak. In making this determination, the Board found that none of these directors had a material or other disqualifying relationship with the Company.</p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>ITEM</b>&#8201;<b>14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES<a id="Item_14" href="#"></a> </b></p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Ratification of Selection of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The Audit Committee has selected Whitley Penn LLP as the Company&#8217;s independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2025 and has further directed that management submit the selection of independent registered public accounting firm for ratification by the shareholders at the annual meeting. Whitley Penn has audited the Company&#8217;s financial statements for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024. Representatives of Whitley Penn are not expected to be present at the annual meeting and will not have an opportunity to make a statement or to respond to questions from the shareholders.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Whitley Penn was ranked as a &#8220;Top 100 Firm&#8221; in <i>Accounting Today</i> during 2024. They have an extensive team of experienced audit, tax, consulting and valuation professionals. For more than 20 years, Whitley Penn has been named to the &#8220;Best of the Best&#8221; listing by INSIDE Public Accounting, the publication&#8217;s report of the top 25 accounting firms in the country. INSIDE Public Accounting is a national monthly publication that reports on the accounting industry.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">Neither the Company&#8217;s Articles nor other governing documents or law require shareholder ratification of the selection of Whitley Penn as the Company&#8217;s independent registered public accounting firm. However, the Audit Committee is submitting the selection of Whitley Penn to the shareholders for ratification as a matter of good corporate practice. If the shareholders fail to ratify the selection, the Audit Committee will reconsider whether or not to retain that firm. Even if the selection is ratified, the Audit Committee in its discretion may direct the appointment of different independent auditors at any time during the year if they determine that such a change would be in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the annual meeting will be required to ratify the selection of Whitley Penn. Abstentions and broker non-votes will be counted toward the tabulation of votes on proposals presented to the shareholders and will have the same effect as negative votes. Because this is a routine proposal on which brokers can vote shares in the absence of express instructions from the beneficial owner, if you do not give instructions to your bank, brokerage firm or other agent, the bank, brokerage firm or other agent will nevertheless be entitled to vote your shares of common stock in its discretion on this routine matter and may give or authorize the giving of a proxy to vote the shares of common stock in its discretion on this proposal.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Principal Accountant Fees and Services </b></p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">The following table represents aggregate fees billed to the Company for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, by Whitley Penn, the Company&#8217;s principal accountant. All fees described below were pre-approved by the Audit Committee.</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="finTable" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; text-indent: 0px;">
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>Fiscal Year Ended</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>2024</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>2023</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0);">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; text-align: center; margin: 0pt;"><b>(in thousands)</b></p> </td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; width: 70%;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Audit Fees(1)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">$</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">284</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">$</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">290</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Audit-Related Fees(2)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">-</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">-</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Tax Fees(3)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">-</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">-</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">All Other Fees(4)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">-</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: rgb(204, 238, 255);">
     <td style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;"> <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt;">Total Fees</p> </td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">$</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">284</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">$</td>
     <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">290</td>
     <td style="width: 1%; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, Times, serif; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 0pt;">&#160;</td>
    </tr>

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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(1)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Audit fees consist of fees billed for professional services by Whitley Penn for audit and quarterly review of our financial statements and related services that are normally provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements.</p> </td>
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     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(2)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Audit-related fees consist of fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our consolidated financial statements and are not reported under &#8220;Audit Fees.&#8221;</p> </td>
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     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(3)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">Tax fees consist of fees billed for tax consultation services for professional services relating to tax compliance, tax planning, and tax advice.</p> </td>
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     <td style="width: 18pt;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">(4)</p> </td>
     <td style="width: auto;"> <p style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', Times, serif;font-size: 10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">All other fees consist of fees billed for publications provided by Whitley Penn.</p> </td>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>ITEM</b>&#8201;<b>15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES<a id="Item_15" href="#"></a> </b></p>
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     <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt;"><b>SIGNATURES </b></p>
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  <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;text-indent:25pt;">Dated: April 29, 2025</p>
  <p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&#160;</p>
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     <td style="vertical-align:bottom;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
     <td style="vertical-align:middle;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
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    <tr>
     <td colspan="3" style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">XBIOTECH INC.</p> </td>
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    <tr>
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     <td style="border-bottom:solid 1px #000000;vertical-align:top;width:auto;">/s/ John Simard</td>
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    <tr>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">John Simard</p> </td>
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    <tr>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><i>President and Chief Executive Officer</i></p> </td>
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    <tr>
     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;">&#160;</td>
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     <td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;"> <p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><i>(Principal Executive Officer)</i></p> </td>
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<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;"><b>Exhibit 31.1</b></p>

<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;"><b>CERTIFICATIONS</b></p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;">I, John Simard, certify that:</p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;text-indent:25pt;">1. I have reviewed this Amendment No.&nbsp;1 to the Annual Report on Form&nbsp;10-K/A&nbsp;of XBiotech Inc.; and</p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;text-indent:25pt;">2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report.</p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;">Date: April&nbsp;29, 2025</p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

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			<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">/s/ John Simard</p>
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			<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><i>Chief Executive Officer and President</i></p>
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			<td style="vertical-align:top;width:auto;">
			<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><i>(Principal Executive Officer)</i></p>
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<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.2
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<FILENAME>ex_808426.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 31.2
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<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:right;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;"><b>Exhibit 31.2</b></p>

<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;text-align:center;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;"><b>CERTIFICATIONS</b></p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;">I, Angela Hu, certify that:</p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;text-indent:25pt;">1. I have reviewed this Amendment No.&nbsp;1 to the Annual Report on Form&nbsp;10-K/A&nbsp;of XBiotech Inc.; and</p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;text-indent:25pt;">2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report.</p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt 0pt 0pt 8pt;">Date: April&nbsp;29, 2025</p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

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			<p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">/s/ Angela Hu</p>
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<p style="font-family:'Times New Roman';font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;">&nbsp;</p>

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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.DEF
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>xbit-20241231_def.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION DEFINITION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>xbit-20241231_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>xbit-20241231_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.25.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
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<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 18, 2025</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 28, 2024</div></th>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentDescription', window );">Amendment Description</a></td>
<td class="text">This Amendment No. 1 (this &#8220;Amendment&#8221;) amends the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 of XBiotech, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;) on March 18, 2025 (the &#8220;Original Form 10-K&#8221;). The purpose of this Amendment is solely to amend Part III, Items 10 through 14 of the Original Form 10-K to include information previously omitted from the Original Form 10-K in reliance on General Instruction G(3) to Form 10-K which permits the above-referenced Items to be incorporated in the Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference from a definitive proxy statement, if such proxy statement is filed no later than 120 days after December 31, 2024. At this time, the Company is filing this Amendment to include Part III information in our Annual Report on Form 10-K because we do not intend to file a definitive proxy statement within 120 days of December 31, 2024. Accordingly, Part III of the Original Form 10-K is hereby amended and restated as set forth herein. The information included herein as required by Part III, Items 10 through 14 of Form 10-K is more limited than what is required to be included in the definitive proxy statement to be filed in connection with our annual meeting of stockholders. Accordingly, the definitive proxy statement to be filed at a later date will include additional information related to the topics herein and additional information not required by Part III, Items 10 through 14 of Form 10-K.&#160;
  &#160;
  The reference on the cover page of the Original Form 10-K to the incorporation by reference of our definitive proxy statement into Part III of the Original Form 10-K is hereby deleted.
  &#160;
  Except as stated herein, this Amendment does not reflect events occurring after the filing of the Original Form 10-K and no attempt has been made in this Amendment to modify or update other disclosures as presented in the Original Form 10-K.
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentAnnualReport', window );">Document Annual Report</a></td>
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<td class="text">Dec. 31,  2024<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport', window );">Document Transition Report</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">5217 Winnebago Ln<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">78744<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">XBIT<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
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</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer', window );">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</a></td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers', window );">Entity Voluntary Filers</a></td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus', window );">Entity Current Reporting Status</a></td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent', window );">Entity Interactive Data Current</a></td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory', window );">Entity Filer Category</a></td>
<td class="text">Non-accelerated Filer<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">false<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">false<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityShellCompany', window );">Entity Shell Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityPublicFloat', window );">Entity Public Float</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 121,869,724<span></span>
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<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">30,487,731<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of changes contained within amended document.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an annual report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-K<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 310<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 220<br> -Subsection f<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 40-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 240<br> -Subsection f<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates whether any of the financial statement period in the filing include a restatement due to error correction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-K<br> -Number 229<br> -Section 402<br> -Subsection w<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-K<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 310<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 220<br> -Subsection f<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 40-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 240<br> -Subsection f<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fiscal period values are FY, Q1, Q2, and Q3. 1st, 2nd and 3rd quarter 10-Q or 10-QT statements have value Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively, with 10-K, 10-KT or other fiscal year statements having FY.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in YYYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentInformationLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a transition report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13<br> -Subsection a-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentTransitionReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: Large Accelerated Filer, Accelerated Filer, Non-accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFilerCategory</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:filerCategoryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-T<br> -Number 232<br> -Section 405<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityPublicFloat</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityShellCompany</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntitySmallBusiness</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
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<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Is used on Form Type: 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F, 6-K, 10-K/A, 10-Q/A, 20-F/A, 6-K/A, N-CSR, N-Q, N-1A.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 405<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-K<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 310<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 220<br> -Subsection f<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 40-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 240<br> -Subsection f<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_IcfrAuditorAttestationFlag</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Award Timing Disclosure<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text"><p style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-variant:normal;margin:0pt;"><b>Policies and Practices for Granting Certain Equity Awards</b></p>
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   <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">We maintain an Insider Trading Policy that generally prohibits Company personnel from engaging in securities transactions while in possession of material nonpublic information. A copy of the Insider Trading Policy was filed as Exhibit <em style="font: inherit;">10.19</em> to the Company&#8217;s Annual Report on Form <em style="font: inherit;">10</em>-K for <em style="font: inherit;">2024.</em> While we do not maintain separate formal policies with respect to the timing of awarding options in relation to the disclosure of material nonpublic information, our Board and Compensation Committee do not seek to time equity grants to take advantage of information, either positive or negative, about the Company that has <em style="font: inherit;">not</em> been publicly disclosed. Similarly, it is our practice not to time the release of material nonpublic information based on equity award grant dates or for the purpose of affecting the value of executive compensation.</p>
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   <p style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;; font-size: 10pt; font-variant: normal; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 25pt;">During fiscal year <em style="font: inherit;">2024,</em> <em style="font: inherit;">no</em> stock options were awarded to any of our named executive officers during the period beginning <em style="font: inherit;">four</em> business days before the filing of a periodic report on Form <em style="font: inherit;">10</em>-Q or Form <em style="font: inherit;">10</em>-K, or the filing or furnishing of a current report on Form <em style="font: inherit;">8</em>-K that discloses material nonpublic information (other than a current report on Form <em style="font: inherit;">8</em>-K disclosing a material new option award grant under Item <em style="font: inherit;">5.02</em>(e) of that form), and ending <em style="font: inherit;">one</em> business day after the filing or furnishing of such report.</p>
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<td class="text">We maintain an Insider Trading Policy that generally prohibits Company personnel from engaging in securities transactions while in possession of material nonpublic information. A copy of the Insider Trading Policy was filed as Exhibit <em style="font: inherit;">10.19</em> to the Company&#8217;s Annual Report on Form <em style="font: inherit;">10</em>-K for <em style="font: inherit;">2024.</em> While we do not maintain separate formal policies with respect to the timing of awarding options in relation to the disclosure of material nonpublic information, our Board and Compensation Committee do not seek to time equity grants to take advantage of information, either positive or negative, about the Company that has <em style="font: inherit;">not</em> been publicly disclosed. Similarly, it is our practice not to time the release of material nonpublic information based on equity award grant dates or for the purpose of affecting the value of executive compensation.<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-K<br> -Number 229<br> -Section 402<br> -Subsection x<br> -Paragraph 1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-K<br> -Number 229<br> -Section 402<br> -Subsection x<br> -Paragraph 1<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-K<br> -Number 229<br> -Section 402<br> -Subsection x<br> -Paragraph 1<br></p></div>
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<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-K<br> -Number 229<br> -Section 402<br> -Subsection x<br> -Paragraph 1<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.25.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="id2">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Insider Trading Policies and Procedures<br></strong></div></th>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-K<br> -Number 229<br> -Section 408<br> -Subsection b<br> -Paragraph 1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Section 16<br> -Subsection J<br> -Paragraph a<br></p></div>
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