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Income Taxes | 12 Months Ended
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Apr. 30, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
Income Taxes | (16) Income Taxes Loss before income taxes for the years ended April 30, 2022 and 2021 consisted of the following components: Schedule of Components of Loss Before Income Taxes
|  | April 30, 2022 |  |  | April 30, 2021 |
|  | (in thousands) |
Domestic |  | $ | (20,665 | ) |  | $ | (14,392 | )
Foreign |  |  | (32 | ) |  |  | (368 | )
Total loss before income taxes |  | $ | (20,697 | ) |  | $ | (14,760 | )
The income tax benefit for the years ended April 30, 2022 and 2021 consisted of state income tax benefits of $1.4 million and zero in each year, respectively, from the sale of New Jersey net operating losses and research and development credits. There was no benefit reflected in fiscal year 2021 as the payment was received in fiscal year 2022. For the year ended April 30, 2021, the income tax provision consists of state minimum tax. Also included in the income tax benefit for fiscal year 2022 is a benefit of approximately $0.4 million from the reversal of the valuation allowance resulting from the establishment of a deferred tax liability in connection with the MAR acquisition (see Note 18). Tax Rate Reconciliation The effective income tax rate differed from the percentages computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate for the periods ended April 30, 2022 and 2021 to loss before income taxes as a result of the following: Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
|  | April 30, 2022 |  |  | April 30, 2021 |
Computed expected tax benefit |  |  | (21.0 | )% |  |  | (21.0 | )%
Increase(reduction) in income taxes resulting from: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
State income taxes, net of federal benefit |  |  | 5.2 | % |  |  | 6.8 | %
Federal research and development tax credits |  |  | (0.6 | )% |  |  | (0.7 | )%
Foreign rate differential |  |  | — | % |  |  | (1.3 | )%
Other non-deductible expenses |  |  | (0.9 | )% |  |  | (0.6 | )%
Proceeds of sale of New Jersey tax benefits |  |  | (7.0 | )% |  |  | — | %
Other |  |  | 1.3 | % |  |  | 2.3 | %
Increase in valuation allowance |  |  | 14.1 | % |  |  | 14.5 | %
Income tax (benefit) |  |  | (8.9 | )% |  |  | — | %
Significant Components of Deferred Taxes The tax effects of temporary differences and carry forwards that give rise to the Company’s deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are presented below. Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
|  | April 30, 2022 |  |  | April 30, 2021 |
|  | (in thousands) |
Deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal net operating loss carryforwards |  | $ | 40,338 |  |  | $ | 36,340 |
Foreign net operating loss carryforwards |  |  | 2,061 |  |  |  | 4,064 |
State operating loss carryforwards |  |  | 968 |  |  |  | 581 |
Federal and New Jersey research and development tax credits |  |  | 4,167 |  |  |  | 3,303 |
Stock compensation |  |  | 429 |  |  |  | 346 |
Accrued expenses |  |  | 79 |  |  |  | 158 |
Other |  |  | (445 | ) |  |  | 545 |
Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance |  | $ | 47,597 |  |  | $ | 45,337 |
Valuation allowance |  | $ | (47,597 | ) |  |  | (45,091 | )
Deferred tax assets |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 246 |
Deferred tax liability: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other liability |  | $ | 203 |  |  | $ | 246 |
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) |  | $ | (203 | ) |  | $ | — |
In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences and carry forwards become deductible or are utilized. As of April 30, 2022 and 2021, based upon the level of historical taxable losses, valuation allowances of $47.6 million and $45.1 million, respectively, were recorded to fully offset deferred tax assets. The valuation allowance increased $2.5 million during the year ended April 30, 2022 and decreased $2.7 million during the year ended 2021 respectively, due to continuing net operating losses. As of April 30, 2022, the Company had net operating loss carry forwards for federal income tax purposes of approximately $191.4 million, which begin to expire in fiscal 2023; $56.2 million of the federal carryforward has no expiration, but the deductibility of such federal net operating losses may be limited to 80% of our taxable income in future years. The Company also had federal research and development tax credit carry forwards of approximately $3.3 million as of April 30, 2022, which begins to expire in 2024. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 contains provisions that limit the utilization of net operating loss and tax credit carry forwards if there has been an ownership change, as defined. The Company has determined that as a result of multiple ownership changes, as described in Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code, its ability to utilize these NOL’s and research and development tax credit have been significantly limited. In addition, as of April 30, 2022, the Company had state net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $13.8 million which begin to expire in 2041, which also may be limited to utilization limitations. Further, as of April 30, 2022, the Company had foreign net operating loss carry forwards of approximately $10.9 million. The ability to utilize these carry forwards may also be limited due to ownership changes. Income Tax Benefit During the years ended April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company sold New Jersey State net operating losses and research and development credits (“NJ NOL”) in the amount of $4.0 million and $12.0 million, respectively, resulting in the recognition of income tax benefits of $0.4 million and $1.0 million. The total proceeds of $1.4 million for fiscal year 2022 and 2021 were recorded in the Company’s Statement of Operations in fiscal 2022 as the sale of the fiscal year 2021 NJ NOL was not completed until May, 2021. New Jersey-based technology or biotechnology companies with fewer than 225 US employees may be eligible to sell net operating losses and research and development tax credits to unaffiliated corporations, up to a maximum lifetime benefit of $20 million per business. As of April 30, 2022 we have approximately $4.6 million still available to sell. Uncertain Tax Positions The Company applies the guidance issued by the FASB for the accounting and reporting of uncertain tax positions. The guidance requires the Company to recognize in its consolidated financial statements the impact of a tax position if that position is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination, based on the technical merits of the position. The Company is currently undergoing an income tax audit in Spain for the period from 2011 to 2014, when the Company’s Spanish branch was closed. At April 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company had no other unrecognized tax positions. The Company does not expect any material increase or decrease in its income tax expense in the next twelve months, related to examinations or uncertain tax positions. Net operating loss and credit carry forwards since inception remain open to examination by taxing authorities and will continue to remain open for a period of time after utilization. The Company does not have any interest or penalties accrued related to uncertain tax positions as it does not have any unrecognized tax benefits.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 21 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32857-109319 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.C) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330215-122817 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 17 -Subparagraph (b) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32809-109319 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I.5.Q1) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=122134291&loc=d3e330036-122817 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 14 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=121826272&loc=d3e32705-109319 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 270 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424409&loc=d3e44925-109338 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -URI https://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2144680 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 740 -SubTopic 30 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (a) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6424122&loc=d3e41874-109331 Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(2)) -URI https://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=120395691&loc=d3e23780-122690 + Details
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