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Share-Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Jan. 31, 2023

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Share-Based Compensation

(13) Share-Based Compensation

In 2015, upon approval by the Company’s shareholders, the Company’s 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”) became effective. A total of 1,332,036 shares were authorized for issuance under the 2015 Omnibus Incentive Plan, including shares available for awards under the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan remaining at the time that plan terminated, or that were subject to awards under the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan that thereafter terminated by reason of expiration, forfeiture, cancellation or otherwise. If any award under the 2006 Stock Incentive Plan or 2015 Plan expires, is cancelled, terminates unexercised or is forfeited, those shares become again available for grant under the 2015 Plan. The 2015 Plan will terminate ten years after its effective date, in October 2025, but is subject to earlier termination as provided in the 2015 Plan.

At subsequent shareholder meetings, including most recently in January 2023, the shareholders approved an aggregate increase to the 2015 Plan of 3,050,000 shares resulting in total shares authorized for issuance of 4,382,036 as of January 2023. As of January 31, 2023, the Company had approximately 38,000 shares available for future issuance under the 2015 Plan.

On January 18, 2018, the Company’s Board of Directors adopted the Company’s Employment Inducement Incentive Award Plan (the “2018 Inducement Plan”) pursuant to which the Company reserved 25,000 shares of common stock for issuance under the Inducement Plan. In accordance with Rule 711(a) of the NYSE American Company Guide, awards under the Inducement Plan may only be made to individuals not previously employees of the Company (or following such individuals’ bona fide period of non-employment with the Company), as an inducement material to the individuals’ entry into employment with the Company. An award is any right to receive the Company’s common stock pursuant to the 2018 Inducement Plan, consisting of a performance share award, restricted stock award, a restricted stock unit award or a stock payment award. On February 9, 2022, the 2018 Inducement Plan was amended to increase the authorized shares by 250,000 to 275,000. As of January 31, 2023, there were approximately 161,000 shares available for grant under the 2018 Inducement Plan. The 2015 Plan and the 2018 Inducement Plan together comprise the “Stock Incentive Plans”.

Stock Options

The Company estimates the fair value of each stock option award granted with service-based vesting requirements, using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, assuming no dividends, and using weighted average valuation assumptions. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant commensurate with the expected life of the award. The expected life (estimated period of time outstanding) of the stock options granted was estimated using the “simplified” method as permitted by the SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 110, Share-Based Payment. Expected volatility is based on the Company’s historical volatility over the expected life of the stock option granted.

The Company granted options to acquire 601,089 and 793,850 share of common stock during the three and nine months ended January 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The weighted average grant date fair value of the options granted in January 2023 was approximately $376,000. The following assumptions were used to value the awards:

Schedule of Valuations Assumptions

		Nine months ended January 31,
		2023				2022
Risk-free interest rate			3.5	%			1.5	%
Expected dividend yield			0	%			0	%
Expected life (in years)			5.5				5.6
Expected volatility			109.0	%			121.9	%

A summary of stock options under our Stock Incentive Plans is detailed in the following table.

Schedule of Stock Option Activity

			Shares Underlying Options				Weighted Average Exercise Price				Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years)
Outstanding as of April 30, 2022				1,110,356			$	2.34				9.2
Granted				601,089			$	0.68
Exercised				—			$	—
Cancelled/forfeited				(135,903	)		$	1.88
Outstanding as of January 31, 2023				1,575,542			$	1.75				9.0
Exercisable as of January 31, 2023				540,546			$	3.19				7.9

As of January 31, 2023, the total intrinsic value of outstanding and exercisable options was approximately zero. As of January 31, 2023, approximately 1,035,000 options were unvested, which had an intrinsic value of $10,000 and a weighted average remaining contractual term of 9.5 years. There was approximately $230,000 and $183,000 of total recognized compensation cost related to stock options during each of the nine months ended January 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. There was approximately $62,000 and $68,000 of total recognized compensation cost related to stock options during each of the three months ended January 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of January 31, 2023, there was approximately $0.8 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options granted under the plans. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.4 years.

Performance Stock Options

A summary of performance stock options under our Stock Incentive Plans is detailed in the following table.

Schedule of Stock Option Activity

			Shares Underlying Options				Weighted Average Exercise Price				Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (In Years)
Outstanding as of April 30, 2022				210,122			$	2.20				8.8
Granted				—			$	—
Exercised				—			$	—
Cancelled/forfeited				(8,466	)		$	2.93
Outstanding as of January 31, 2023				201,656			$	2.17				8.1
Exercisable as of January 31, 2023				—			$	—

As of January 31, 2023, approximately 202,000 performance stock options were unvested, which had an intrinsic value of zero and a weighted average remaining contractual term of 8.1 years. There was approximately $132,000 and $123,000 of total recognized compensation cost related to performance stock options during the nine months ended January 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. There was approximately $31,000 and $62,000 of total recognized compensation cost related to performance stock options during the three months ended January 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of January 31, 2023, there was approximately $22,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested performance stock options granted under the plans. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.4 years.

Restricted Stock Units

Compensation expense for non-vested restricted stock units is generally recorded based on its market value on the date of grant and recognized ratably over the associated service and performance period. During the nine months ended January 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company granted 1,608,681 and 777,764 shares, respectively, that were subject to both service-based and market-based vesting requirements.

A summary of non-vested restricted stock units under our Stock Incentive Plans is as follows:

		Number of Shares				Weighted Average Price per Share
Unvested at April 30, 2022			827,764			$	1.41
Granted			1,608,681			$	0.77
Vested and issued			(349,429	)		$	1.40
Cancelled/forfeited			(49,021	)
Unvested at January 31, 2023			2,037,995			$	0.91

There was approximately $549,000 and $43,000 of total recognized compensation cost related to restricted stock units for the nine months ended January 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. There was approximately $185,000 and $14,000 of total recognized compensation cost related to restricted stock units for the three months ended January 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. As of January 31, 2023, there was approximately $1,576,000 of unrecognized compensation cost remaining related to unvested restricted stock units granted under our plans. This cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.6 years.