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Summary of Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Oct. 31, 2010
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Summary of Accounting Policies | NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES A summary of the significant accounting policies applied in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements follows. Business and Basis of Presentation Coda Octopus Group, Inc. (“we”, “us”, “our company” or “Coda”) was formed under the laws of the State of Florida in 1992. We are a developer of underwater technologies and equipment for imaging, mapping, defense and survey applications. Our headquarters are in Lakeland, Florida. Our subsidiaries are based in Florida, Utah, United Kingdom, Australia and Norway. The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Coda and our domestic and foreign subsidiaries that are more than 50% owned and controlled. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statement. Use of Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying disclosures. Although these estimates are based on management’s best knowledge of current events and actions that we may undertake in the future, actual results may differ from those estimates. Included in these estimates are assumptions about collection of accounts receivable, impairment of intangible assets, useful life of property and equipment, assumptions used to calculate fair value of stocks and warrants granted, stock based compensation, deferred income tax asset valuation allowances, and valuation of derivative liabilities. Revenue Recognition We record revenue in accordance with ASC Topic 605 - Revenue Recognition. Our revenue is derived from sales of underwater technologies and equipment for imaging, mapping, defense and survey applications. Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, the contract price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. No right of return privileges are granted to customers after shipment. For arrangements with multiple deliverables, we recognize product revenue by allocating the revenue to each deliverable based on the fair value of each deliverable in accordance with ASC 605-25-05 and ASC 605-10-599, and recognize revenue for equipment upon delivery and for installation and other services as performed. ASC 605-25-05 was effective for revenue arrangements entered into in fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2003. Our contracts sometimes require customer payments in advance of revenue recognition. These deposit amounts are reflected as liabilities and recognized as revenue when the Company has fulfilled its obligations under the respective contracts. Revenues derived from our software license sales are recognized in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 985 - Software. For software license sales for which any services rendered are not considered essential to the functionality of the software, we recognize revenue upon delivery of the software, provided (1) there is evidence of an arrangement, (2) collection of our fee is considered probable and (3) the fee is fixed and determinable. Some of the subsidiaries report earnings from job contracts on the percentage of completion measured by the proportion of job costs incurred to date to estimate total job costs for each contract. Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings and vice versa on uncompleted contracts have been recorded as current assets and current liabilities, respectively. At the time a loss becomes known, the entire amount of the estimated ultimate loss is recognized. The earnings or losses, the Company ultimately will realize on uncompleted contracts could differ materially in the next year from the amounts estimated. Foreign Currency Translation The Company translates the foreign currency financial statements of its foreign subsidiaries in accordance with the requirements of ASC 830 - Foreign Currency Matters. Assets and liabilities are translated at exchange rates existing at the balance sheet dates, related revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange rates in effect during the period and stockholders’ equity, is recorded at historical exchange rates. Resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component in stockholders’ equity as part of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in the statement of income. Income Taxes Deferred income taxes are provided using the asset and liability method for financial reporting purposes in accordance with the provisions of ASC 740 - Income Taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for temporary differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying values for financial reporting purposes, and for operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be removed or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the consolidated statements of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is “more likely-than-not” that a deferred tax asset will not be realized. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash equivalents are comprised of highly liquid investments with maturity of three months or less when purchased. We maintain our cash in bank deposit accounts, which at times, may exceed insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts. Concentrations of Credit Risk Financial instruments and related items, which potentially subject us to concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. We place our cash and temporary cash investments with credit quality institutions. At times, such investments may be in excess of applicable government mandated insurance limits. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are generally unsecured. The Company establishes an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable based on the age of outstanding invoices and management’s evaluation of collectability. Accounts are written off after all reasonable collection efforts have been exhausted and management concludes that likelihood of collection is remote. Any future recoveries are applied against the allowance for doubtful accounts. We periodically review our trade receivables in determining our allowance for doubtful accounts. Allowance for doubtful accounts was $9,325 and $255,789 for the years ended October 31, 2010 and 2009 respectively. Fair Value of Financial Instruments FASB ASC 825-10-50 - Financial Investments requires disclosure of the fair value of certain financial instruments. The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other receivables, accounts payable and short-term borrowings, as reflected in the balance sheets, approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments. Our long term debt has interest rates that approximate market and therefore the carrying amounts approximate their fair values. Fair Values In the first quarter of fiscal year 2008, the Company adopted FASB ASC Topic -820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (ASC 820) as amended by ASC Topic 820-10-55. ASC 820 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value, and enhances fair value measurement disclosure. ASC Topic 820-10-55 delays, until the first quarter of fiscal year 2009, the effective date for ASC 820 for all non-financial assets and non-financial liabilities, except those that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). The adoption of ASC 820 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or operations. Refer to Note 4 and 10 for further discussion regarding fair value. Debt and Equity Securities The Company follows the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 320, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities (ASC 320). The Company classifies debt and equity securities into one of three categories: held-to-maturity, available-for-sale or trading. These security classifications may be modified after acquisition only under certain specified conditions. Securities may be classified as held-to-maturity only if the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold them to maturity. Trading securities are defined as those bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term. All other securities must be classified as available-for-sale. Held-to-maturity securities are measured at amortized cost in the consolidated balance sheets. Unrealized holding gains and losses are not included in earnings or in a separate component of capital. They are merely disclosed in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. Available-for-sale securities are carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. Unrealized holding gains and losses are not included in earnings but are reported as a net amount (less expected tax) in a separate component of equity until realized. Trading securities are carried at fair value on the consolidated balance sheets. Unrealized holding gains and losses for trading securities are included in earnings. Declines in the fair value of held-to-maturity and available-for-sale securities below their cost that are deemed to be other than temporary are reflected in earnings as realized losses. Inventory Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market using the first-in first-out method. Inventory is comprised of the following components at October 31, 2010 and 2009:
|  | 2010 |  |  | 2009 |
Raw materials |  | $ | 887,061 |  |  | $ | 1,384,043 |
Work in process |  |  | 98,630 |  |  |  | 48,389 |
Demo goods |  |  | 307,792 |  |  |  | - |
Finished goods |  |  | 486,631 |  |  |  | 1,365,993 |
Total inventory |  | $ | 1,780,114 |  |  | $ | 2,798,425 |
We regularly review our inventory quantities on hand and record a provision for excess and obsolete inventory based primarily on our estimated forecast of product demand, production availability and/or our ability to sell the product(s) concerned. Demand for our products can fluctuate significantly. Factors that could affect demand for our products include unanticipated changes in consumer preferences, general market and economic conditions or other factors that may result in cancellations of advance orders or reductions in the rate of reorders placed by customers and/or continued weakening of economic conditions. Additionally, management’s estimates of future product demand may be inaccurate, which could result in an understated or overstated provision required for excess and obsolete inventory. There was no reserve for inventory allowance as of October 31, 2010 and 2009. Property and Equipment We record our equipment at historical cost. We expense maintenance and repairs as incurred. Depreciation is provided for by the straight-line method over three to four years, the estimated useful lives of the property and equipment. When assets are retired or disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed, and any resulting gains or losses are included in the consolidated statement of operations. Long-Lived Assets We follow FASB ASC Topic 360, “Accounting for Impairment of Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”, (ASC 360) which established a “primary asset” approach to determine the cash flow estimation period for a group of assets and liabilities that represents the unit of accounting for a long-lived asset to be held and used. Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. No impairment loss was recognized during the years ended October 31, 2010 and 2009. Research and Development Research and development costs consist of expenditures for the present and future patents and technology, which were expensed and not capitalized. We are eligible for United Kingdom tax credits related to our qualified research and development expenditures. Tax credits are classified as a reduction of research and development expense. During the year ended October 31, 2010, we recorded tax credits totaling $201,716 and $358,346 during the year ended October 31, 2009. Advertising (Marketing) We charge the costs of marketing to expense as incurred. For the years ended October 31, 2010 and 2009, advertising costs were $207,876 and $522,576, respectively. Other Operating Expenses We incurred costs of $55,140 and nil as non-recurring fees and expenses in connection with our financings and acquisitions for October 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Intangible Assets Intangible assets consist principally of the excess of cost over the fair value of net assets acquired (or goodwill), customer relationships, non-compete agreements and licenses. Goodwill was allocated to our reporting units based on the original purchase price allocation. Goodwill is not amortized and is evaluated for impairment annually or more often if circumstances indicate impairment may exist. Customer relationships, non-compete agreements, patents and licenses are being amortized on a straight-line basis over periods of 2 to 10 years. The Company amortizes its amortizable intangible assets using the straight-line method over their estimated period of benefit. We periodically evaluate the recoverability of intangible assets and take into account events or circumstances that warrant revised estimates of useful lives or that indicate that impairment exists. We test for impairment at the reporting unit level as defined in FASB ASC Topic 350, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (ASC 350). This test is a two-step process. The first step of the goodwill impairment test, used to identify potential impairment, compares the fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value, which is based on future cash flows, exceeds the carrying amount, goodwill is not considered impaired. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value, the second step must be performed to measure the amount of the impairment loss, if any. The second step compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. In the fourth quarter of each year, we evaluate goodwill on a separate reporting unit basis to assess recoverability, and impairments, if any, are recognized in earnings. An impairment loss would be recognized in an amount equal to the excess of the carrying amount of the goodwill over the implied fair value of the goodwill. ASC 350 also requires that intangible assets with determinable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives and reviewed annually for impairment in accordance with ASC 360. Stock Based Compensation Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted FASB ASC Topic 718 - Compensation - Stock Compensation, (ASC 718) which requires the recognition of the expense related to the fair value of stock-based compensation awards within the statement of income. The Company elected the modified prospective transition method as permitted by (ASC 718). Under this transition method, stock-based compensation expense for the years ended October 31, 2010 and 2009 includes compensation expense for unvested stock-based compensation awards that were outstanding as of January 1, 2006, respectively, for which the requisite service was rendered during the year. The stock-based compensation costs for these awards granted prior to January 1, 2006 were based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of ASC 718. Compensation expense for all stock-based compensation awards granted subsequent to January 1, 2006 is based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718 recorded over the requisite service period. We use the fair value method for equity instruments granted to non-employees and use the Black Scholes model for measuring the fair value. The stock based fair value compensation is determined as of the date of the grant or the date at which the performance of the services is completed (measurement date) and is recognized over the periods in which the related services are rendered. Comprehensive Income FASB ASC Topic 220 - Comprehensive Income, (ASC 220) establishes standards for reporting and displaying of comprehensive income, its components and accumulated balances. Comprehensive income is defined to include all changes in equity except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Among other disclosures, ASC 220 requires that all items that are required to be recognized under current accounting standards as components of comprehensive income be reported in a financial statement that is displayed with the same prominence as other financial statements. Comprehensive income includes gains and losses on foreign currency translation adjustments and unrealized gains and losses on available for sale investments and is included as a component of stockholders’ equity. Deferred Financing Costs Deferred financing costs primarily include debt issuance costs incurred by the Company in connection with the issuance of convertible debt in February 2008 (see Note 13). Amortization is provided on a straight-line basis over the terms of the respective debt instruments to which the costs relate and is included in interest expense. Deferred financing cost expense was $1,271,170 and $242,128 in 2010 and 2009, respectively. Earnings Per Share We use FASB ASC Topic 260, “Earnings per Share” (ASC 260) for calculating the basic and diluted earnings per share. We compute basic earnings per share by dividing the income attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share include the dilutive effect, if any, from the potential exercise of stock options and warrants using the treasury stock method, as well as the dilutive effect from outstanding restricted Common Stock. Potential common shares not included in the calculation of net income per share, since their effect would be anti-dilutive. Per share basic and diluted net loss amounted to $0.04 and $0.19 for the years ended October 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. For the years ended October 31, 2010 and 2009, 39,979,858 and 50,999,756 potential shares, respectively, were excluded from the shares used to calculate diluted earnings per share as their inclusion would reduce net loss per share. Warrant Derivative Liabilities ASC 815 generally provides three criteria that, if met, require companies to bifurcate conversion options from their host instruments and account for them as free standing derivative financial instruments. These three criteria include circumstances in which (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, (b) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable generally accepted accounting principles with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur and (c) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument subject to the requirements of ASC 815. ASC 815 also provides an exception to this rule when the host instrument is deemed to be conventional, as described. A Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, with dilution effects, was utilized to estimate the fair value of the warrant derivative liabilities. Related Parties Parties are considered to be related to the Company if the parties that, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, control, are controlled by, or are under common control with the Company. Related parties also include principal owners of the Company, its management, members of the immediate families of principal owners of the Company and its management and other parties with which the Company may deal if one party controls or can significantly influence the management or operating policies of the other to an extent that one of the transacting parties might be prevented from fully pursuing its own separate interests. The All transactions with related parties shall be recorded at fair value of the goods or services exchanged. Property purchased from a related party is recorded at the cost to the related party and any payment to or on behalf of the related party in excess of the cost is reflected as a distribution to the related party. Contingencies Certain conditions may exist as of the date the financial statements are issued, which may result in a loss to the Company but which will only be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur. The Company’s management assesses such contingent liabilities, and such assessment inherently involves an exercise of judgment. In assessing loss contingencies related to legal proceedings that are pending against and by the Company or un-asserted claims that may result in such proceedings, the Company’s management evaluates the perceived merits of any legal proceedings or un-asserted claims as well as the perceived merits of the amount of relief sought or expected to be sought. If the assessment of a contingency indicates that it is probable that a material loss has been incurred and the amount of the liability can be estimated, then the estimated liability would be accrued in the Company’s financial statements. If the assessment indicates that a potential material loss contingency is not probable but is reasonably possible, or is probable but cannot be estimated, then the nature of the contingent liability, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss if determinable and material would be disclosed. Loss contingencies considered to be remote by management are generally not disclosed unless they involve guarantees, in which case the guarantee would be disclosed. Reclassifications Certain reclassifications have been made to conform the prior period data to the current presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on reported net loss. New Accounting Pronouncements In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued guidance now codified under Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 105-10, which establishes the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (the “Codification”) as the source of authoritative accounting principles recognized by the FASB to be applied in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP. ASC Topic 105-10 explicitly recognizes rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) under federal securities laws as authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. Upon adoption of this guidance under ASC Topic 105-10, the Codification superseded all then-existing non-SEC accounting and reporting standards. All other non-grandfathered non-SEC accounting literature not included in the Codification became non-authoritative. The guidance under ASC Topic 105-10 became effective for the Company as of September 30, 2009. References made to authoritative FASB guidance throughout this document have been updated to the applicable Codification section. In February 2007, the FASB issued FASB ASC Topic 825, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities – Including an Amendment of ASC 320” (ASC 825) which permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. Most of the provisions of (ASC 825) apply only to entities that elect the fair value option. However, the amendment to ASC 320 “Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities” applies to all entities with available-for-sale and trading securities. ASC 825 is effective as of the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of a fiscal year that begins on or before November 15, 2007, provided the entity also elects to apply the provision of ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements”. The adoption of ASC 825 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In December 2007, the FASB issued FASB ASC Topic 805, “Business Combinations” (ASC 805), which establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in an acquiree, including the recognition and measurement of goodwill acquired in a business combination. ASC 805 is effective as of the beginning of the first fiscal year beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is prohibited and the Company is currently evaluating the effect, if any that the adoption will have on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In December 2007, the FASB ASC Topic 810, “Non-controlling Interest in Consolidated Financial Statements, an amendment of ASC 810-12-15” (ASC 810), which will change the accounting and reporting for minority interests, which will be re-characterized as non-controlling interests and classified as a component of equity within the consolidated balance sheets. ASC 810 is effective as of the beginning of the first fiscal year beginning on or after December 15, 2008. Earlier adoption is prohibited and the Company is currently evaluating the effect, if any that the adoption will have on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In June 2007, the FASB issued FASB ASC Topic 730-20, “Accounting for Non-refundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to be Used in Future Research and Development Activities” ASC 730-20, which requires that non-refundable advance payments for goods or services that will be used or rendered for future research and development (R&D) activities be deferred and amortized over the period that the goods are delivered or the related services are performed, subject to an assessment of recoverability. ASC 730-20 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2007. The Company does not expect that the adoption of ASC 730-20 will have a material impact on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In December 2007, the FASB issued FASB ASC Topic 808-10-15, “Accounting for Collaborative Arrangements” (ASC 808-10-15) which defines collaborative arrangements and requires collaborators to present the result of activities for which they act as the principal on a gross basis and report any payments received from (made to) the other collaborators based on other applicable authoritative accounting literature, and in the absence of other applicable authoritative literature, on a reasonable, rational and consistent accounting policy is to be elected. ASC 808-10-15 also provides for disclosures regarding the nature and purpose of the arrangement, the entity’s rights and obligations, the accounting policy for the arrangement and the income statement classification and amounts arising from the agreement. ASC 808-10-15 will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, which will be the Company’s fiscal year 2009, and will be applied as a change in accounting principle retrospectively for all collaborative arrangements existing as of the effective date. The Company has not yet evaluated the potential impact of adopting ASC 808-10-15 on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In March 2008, the FASB” issued FASB ASC Topic 815-10-65, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities – an amendment to 815-10-05 (ASC 815-10-65) which is intended to improve financial standards for derivative instruments and hedging activities by requiring enhanced disclosures to enable investors to better understand their effects on an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. Entities are required to provide enhanced disclosures about: (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments; (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under 815-10-05 and its related interpretations; and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. It is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, with early adoption encouraged. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASC 815-10-65, if any, will have on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In April 2008, the FASB issued FASB ASC Topic 350-30, “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets”. (ASC 350-30) which amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset under SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”. The Company is required to adopt ASC 350-30 on September 1, 2009, earlier adoption is prohibited. The guidance in ASC 350-30 for determining the useful life of a recognized intangible asset shall be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after adoption, and the disclosure requirements shall be applied prospectively to all intangible assets recognized as of, and subsequent to, adoption. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of ASC 350-30 on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In 2008, the FASB issued FASB ASC 815-40 (Previously known as: EITF 07-05, Determining whether an Instrument (or Embedded Feature) Is Indexed to an Entity’s Own Stock). FASB ASC 815-40 provides guidance on determining what types of instruments or embedded features in an instrument held by a reporting entity can be considered indexed to its own stock for the purpose of evaluating the first criteria of the scope exception in FASB ASC 810-10-15 (Prior authoritative literature: paragraph 11(a) of SFAS 133). The Company is currently evaluating the impact of FASB ASC 815-40 on the Company’s financial statements. In May 2008, the FASB ASC Topic 470-20-15, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement)” (ASC 470-20-15) which requires the issuer of certain convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash (or other assets) on conversion to separately account for the liability (debt) and equity (conversion option) components of the instrument in a manner that reflects the issuer’s non-convertible debt borrowing rate. ASC 470-20-15 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008 on a retroactive basis. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, of the adoption of ASC 470-20-15 on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In June 2008, the FASB issued FASB ASC Topic 260-10-45, “Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities.” FASB ASC Topic 260-10-45, unvested share-based payment awards that contain rights to receive non-forfeitable dividends (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities, and should be included in the two-class method of computing EPS. The FSP is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those years. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASC 260-10-45 to have a material effect on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. In May 2009, the FASB issued FASB ASC 855-10 (Previously known as: SFAS No. 165, “Subsequent Events”) FASB ASC 855-10 establishes general standards for accounting for and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are available to be issued (“subsequent events”). More specifically, FASB ASC 855-10 sets forth the period after the balance sheet date during which management of a reporting entity should evaluate events or transactions that may occur for potential recognition in the financial statements, identifies the circumstances under which an entity should recognize events or transactions occurring after the balance sheet date in its financial statements and the disclosures that should be made about events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date. FASB ASC 855-10 provides largely the same guidance on subsequent events which previously existed only in auditing literature. The guidance under ASC Topic 855-10 became effective for the Company as of June 30, 2009. Liquidity The Company’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming it will continue as a going concern. For the fiscal year ended October 31, 2010, the Company has an accumulated deficit of $59,285,833, negative working capital of $16,912,615, a stockholders’ deficit of $13,036,649 and generated a deficit in cash flow from operations of $256,415 in 2010 against $1,665,070 in 2009. The Company has been dependent upon the ability to generate revenue from the sale of its products and services and the discretion of the note holder to release cash to cover operations.

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