10-Q 1 d32274d10q.htm FORM 10-Q

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ | Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2020

or

☐ | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 001-31895

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Nevada |  | 84-1018684
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

205 S. Hoover Blvd., Suite 210, Tampa, FL 33609

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

(813) 876-1776

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading Symbols(s) |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value |  | OMEX |  | NASDAQ Capital Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES ☒ NO ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one).

Large accelerated filer: |  | ☐ |  | Accelerated filer: |  | ☐
Non-accelerated filer: |  | ☐ |  | Smaller reporting company: |  | ☒
|  |  |  | Emerging growth company: |  | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the exchange act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act):

Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $.0001 par value, as of October 31, 2020 was 12,208,101.

##### Table of Contents

|  |  |  | Page No. |
Part I: |  | Financial Information |  |  |  |
Item 1. |  | Financial Statements: |  |  |  |
|  | Consolidated Balance Sheets |  |  | 3 |
|  | Consolidated Statements of Operations |  |  | 4 |
|  | Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity / (Deficit) |  |  | 5 |
|  | Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows |  |  | 6 |
|  | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements |  |  | 7 – 32 |
Item 2. |  | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |  |  | 33 – 51 |
Item 3. |  | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |  |  | 51 |
Item 4. |  | Controls and Procedures |  |  | 51 |
Part II: |  | Other Information |  |  |  |
Item 1. |  | Legal Proceedings |  |  | 51 |
Item 1A. |  | Risk Factors |  |  | 51 |
Item 2. |  | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |  |  | 51 |
Item 4. |  | Mine Safety Disclosures |  |  | 51 |
Item 6. |  | Exhibits |  |  | 52 |
Signatures |  |  | 53 |

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PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

|  | Unaudited September 30, 2020 |  |  | December 31, 2019 |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CURRENT ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 9,107,736 |  |  | $ | 213,389 |
Accounts receivable and other, net |  |  | 46,711 |  |  |  | 421,593 |
Other current assets |  |  | 222,852 |  |  |  | 589,840 |
Total current assets |  |  | 9,377,299 |  |  |  | 1,224,822 |
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equipment and office fixtures |  |  | 7,295,717 |  |  |  | 10,664,948 |
Right of use – operating lease, net |  |  | 641,390 |  |  |  | 739,803 |
Accumulated depreciation |  |  | (7,285,908 | ) |  |  | (10,647,910 | )
Total property and equipment |  |  | 651,199 |  |  |  | 756,841 |
NON-CURRENT ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment in unconsolidated entity |  |  | 2,154,152 |  |  |  | 1,500,000 |
Exploration license |  |  | 1,821,251 |  |  |  | 1,821,251 |
Other non-current assets |  |  | 41,806 |  |  |  | 26,806 |
Total non-current assets |  |  | 4,017,209 |  |  |  | 3,348,057 |
Total assets |  | $ | 14,045,707 |  |  | $ | 5,329,720 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY/(DEFICIT) CURRENT LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 8,236,386 |  |  | $ | 6,237,988 |
Accrued expenses and other |  |  | 17,772,090 |  |  |  | 13,422,715 |
Operating lease obligation |  |  | 137,143 |  |  |  | 123,152 |
Loans payable |  |  | 32,057,573 |  |  |  | 31,446,389 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 58,203,192 |  |  |  | 51,230,244 |
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred income and revenue participation rights |  |  | 3,818,750 |  |  |  | 3,818,750 |
Operating lease obligation |  |  | 516,743 |  |  |  | 621,046 |
Loans payable |  |  | 8,119,037 |  |  |  | 2,957,097 |
Total long-term liabilities |  |  | 12,454,530 |  |  |  | 7,396,893 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 70,657,722 |  |  |  | 58,627,137 |
Commitments and contingencies (NOTE H) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY/(DEFICIT) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred stock - $.0001 par value; 24,984,166 shares authorized; none outstanding |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Common stock – $.0001 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized; 12,208,101 and 9,478,009 issued and outstanding |  |  | 1,221 |  |  |  | 948 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 235,456,564 |  |  |  | 221,027,057 |
Accumulated (deficit) |  |  | (262,766,951 | ) |  |  | (250,322,307 | )
Total stockholders’ equity/(deficit) before non-controlling interest |  |  | (27,309,166 | ) |  |  | (29,294,302 | )
Non-controlling interest |  |  | (29,302,849 | ) |  |  | (24,003,115 | )
Total stockholders’ equity/(deficit) |  |  | (56,612,015 | ) |  |  | (53,297,417 | )
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity/(deficit) |  | $ | 14,045,707 |  |  | $ | 5,329,720 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - Unaudited

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |  |  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |
REVENUE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Recovered cargo sales and other |  | $ | 143,186 |  |  | $ | 278,599 |  |  | $ | 734,021 |  |  | $ | 830,674 |
Expedition |  |  | 68,352 |  |  |  | 483,576 |  |  |  | 1,002,998 |  |  |  | 1,500,865 |
Total revenue |  |  | 211,538 |  |  |  | 762,175 |  |  |  | 1,737,019 |  |  |  | 2,331,539 |
OPERATING EXPENSES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Marketing, general and administrative |  |  | 23,351 |  |  |  | 2,110,523 |  |  |  | 2,703,526 |  |  |  | 4,979,776 |
Operations and research |  |  | 4,868,518 |  |  |  | 2,122,394 |  |  |  | 10,609,349 |  |  |  | 5,513,366 |
Total operating expenses |  |  | 4,891,869 |  |  |  | 4,232,917 |  |  |  | 13,312,875 |  |  |  | 10,493,142 |
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS |  |  | (4,680,331 | ) |  |  | (3,470,742 | ) |  |  | (11,575,856 | ) |  |  | (8,161,603 | )
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest expense |  |  | (1,858,456 | ) |  |  | (2,049,987 | ) |  |  | (4,755,771 | ) |  |  | (4,308,098 | )
Gain (loss) on debt extinguishment |  |  | (777,484 | ) |  |  | (290,024 | ) |  |  | (777,484 | ) |  |  | (290,024 | )
Loss in hybrid-instrument fair value |  |  | (250,319 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (675,534 | ) |  |  | — |
Other |  |  | (10,541 | ) |  |  | (35,093 | ) |  |  | 40,267 |  |  |  | 802,747 |
Total other income (expense) |  |  | (2,896,800 | ) |  |  | (2,375,104 | ) |  |  | (6,168,522 | ) |  |  | (3,795,375 | )
(LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES |  |  | (7,577,131 | ) |  |  | (5,845,846 | ) |  |  | (17,744,378 | ) |  |  | (11,956,978 | )
Income tax benefit (provision) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
NET (LOSS) BEFORE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST |  |  | (7,577,131 | ) |  |  | (5,845,846 | ) |  |  | (17,744,378 | ) |  |  | (11,956,978 | )
Non-controlling interest |  |  | 2,129,085 |  |  |  | 1,616,013 |  |  |  | 5,299,734 |  |  |  | 3,784,978 |
NET (LOSS) |  | $ | (5,448,046 | ) |  | $ | (4,229,833 | ) |  | $ | (12,444,644 | ) |  | $ | (8,172,000 | )
NET (LOSS) PER SHARE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic and diluted (See NOTE B) |  | $ | (0.51 | ) |  | $ | (0.45 | ) |  | $ | (1.26 | ) |  | $ | (0.88 | )
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  | 10,616,080 |  |  |  | 9,456,300 |  |  |  | 9,894,707 |  |  |  | 9,301,796 |
Diluted |  |  | 10,616,080 |  |  |  | 9,456,300 |  |  |  | 9,894,707 |  |  |  | 9,301,796 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDER’S EQUITY / (DEFICIT) - Unaudited

|  | Three-month Period Ended September 30, 2020 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Non-controlling Interest |  |  | Total |
June 30, 2020 |  | $ | 954 |  |  | $ | 222,596,237 |  |  | $ | (257,318,905 | ) |  | $ | (27,173,764 | ) |  | $ | (61,895,478 | )
Share-based compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  | 105,162 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 105,162 |
Fair value of warrants issued |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,015,520 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3,015,520 |
Common stock issued |  |  | 267 |  |  |  | 9,320,658 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9,320,925 |
Debt modification |  |  |  |  |  |  | 418,987 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 418,987 |
Net (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (5,448,046 | ) |  |  | (2,129,085 | ) |  |  | (7,577,131 | )
September 30, 2020 |  | $ | 1,221 |  |  | $ | 235,456,564 |  |  | $ | (262,766,951 | ) |  | $ | (29,302,849 | ) |  | $ | (56,612,015 | )

|  | Three-month Period Ended September 30, 2019 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Non-controlling Interest |  |  | Total |
June 30, 2019 |  | $ | 923 |  |  | $ | 218,066,351 |  |  | $ | (243,824,513 | ) |  | $ | (21,478,031 | ) |  | $ | (47,235,270 | )
Share-based compensation |  |  |  |  |  |  | 679,600 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 679,600 |
Asset acquisition |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 1,407,628 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 365,716 |  |  |  | 1,773,369 |
Debt modification |  |  |  |  |  |  | 868,878 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 868,878 |
Net (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (4,229,833 | ) |  |  | (1,616,013 | ) |  |  | (5,845,846 | )
September 30, 2019 |  | $ | 948 |  |  | $ | 221,022,457 |  |  | $ | (248,054,346 | ) |  | $ | (22,728,328 | ) |  | $ | (49,759,269 | )

|  | Nine-month Period Ended September 30, 2020 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Non-controlling Interest |  |  | Total |
December 31, 2019 |  | $ | 948 |  |  | $ | 221,027,057 |  |  | $ | (250,322,307 | ) |  | $ | (24,003,115 | ) |  | $ | (53,297,417 | )
Share-based compensation |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 594,082 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 594,088 |
Fair value of warrants issue |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,095,780 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4,095,780 |
Common stock issued |  |  | 267 |  |  |  | 9,320,658 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9,320,925 |
Debt modification |  |  |  |  |  |  | 418,987 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 418,987 |
Net (loss) |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (12,444,644 | ) |  |  | (5,299,734 | ) |  |  | (17,744,378 | )
September 30, 2020 |  | $ | 1,221 |  |  | $ | 235,456,564 |  |  | $ | (262,766,951 | ) |  | $ | (29,302,849 | ) |  | $ | (56,612,015 | )

|  | Nine-month Period Ended September 30, 2019 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Non-controlling Interest |  |  | Total |
December 31, 2018 |  | $ | 922 |  |  | $ | 217,993,953 |  |  | $ | (239,882,346 | ) |  | $ | (19,309,066 | ) |  | $ | (41,196,537 | )
Share-based compensation |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 751,998 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 751,999 |
Asset acquisition |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 1,407,628 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 365,716 |  |  |  | 1,773,369 |
Debt modification |  |  |  |  |  |  | 868,878 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 868,878 |
Net (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | (8,172,000 | ) |  |  | (3,784,978 | ) |  |  | (11,956,978 | )
September 30, 2019 |  | $ | 948 |  |  | $ | 221,022,457 |  |  | $ | (248,054,346 | ) |  | $ | (22,728,328 | ) |  | $ | (49,759,269 | )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - Unaudited

|  | Nine-Months Ended |
|  | September 30 2020 |  |  | September 30 2019 |
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss before non-controlling interest |  | $ | (17,744,378 | ) |  | $ | (11,956,978 | )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used) by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Director fees paid with equity instruments |  |  | — |  |  |  | 701,399 |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 7,231 |  |  |  | 113,422 |
Financed lender fee amortization |  |  | 34,043 |  |  |  | — |
Note payable interest accretion |  |  | (99,910 | ) |  |  | 922,000 |
Right of use amortization |  |  | 98,413 |  |  |  | 20,213 |
Share-based compensation |  |  | 315,486 |  |  |  | 50,600 |
Investment in unconsolidated entity |  |  | (654,152 | ) |  |  | (662,007 | )
Loss on debt extinguishment |  |  | 777,484 |  |  |  | 290,024 |
Debt modification inducement |  |  | — |  |  |  | 868,878 |
Change in hybrid-instrument fair value |  |  | 675,534 |  |  |  | — |
Terminated revenue participation |  |  | — |  |  |  | (825,000 | )
(Increase) decrease in: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable |  |  | 374,882 |  |  |  | 485,017 |
Other assets |  |  | 351,988 |  |  |  | 637,793 |
Increase (decrease) in: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  |  | 5,608,462 |  |  |  | 2,087,204 |
Accrued expenses and other |  |  | 4,734,187 |  |  |  | 3,615,904 |
NET CASH (USED) BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |  | (5,520,730 | ) |  |  | (3,651,531 | )
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase of property and equipment |  |  | — |  |  |  | (15,492 | )
NET CASH (USED) PROVIDED BY INVESTING ACTIVITIES |  |  | — |  |  |  | (15,492 | )
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from issuance of notes payable |  |  | 3,493,528 |  |  |  | 1,409,980 |
Operating lease liability reduction |  |  | (90,312 | ) |  |  | (18,755 | )
Offering costs paid on sale of common stock |  |  | (78,326 | ) |  |  | — |
Common stock sale net proceeds |  |  | 11,315,000 |  |  |  | — |
Payment of contractual obligation |  |  | (224,813 | ) |  |  | (207,357 | )
NET CASH (USED) PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES |  |  | 14,415,077 |  |  |  | 1,183,868 | )
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH |  |  | 8,894,347 |  |  |  | (2,483,155 | )
CASH AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD |  |  | 213,389 |  |  |  | 2,786,832 |
CASH AT END OF PERIOD |  | $ | 9,107,736 |  |  | $ | 303,677 |
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest paid |  | $ | 1,114,376 |  |  | $ | 1,114,021 |
Income taxes paid |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
NON-CASH TRANSACTIONS: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2019 Director fees paid with equity |  | $ | 278,602 |  |  | $ | — |
Establish right of use asset with debt obligation per ASC 842 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 560,612 |
Convertible debt exchanged for equity |  | $ | 1,066,219 |  |  | $ | — |

Non-Cash Disclosure:

During the nine-months ended September 30, 2020, we received $3,281,461 in non-cash financing pertaining to our Litigation financing as described in Note I: Note 9 – Litigation financing. The funder settled a portion of the Company’s litigation payables directly with the vendor. Related to this financing, we recorded a debt discount of $1,063,811 and a corresponding increase to additional paid in capital for the fair value of certain warrants that were issued to the funder. We also incurred $200,000 of funder financed debt fees with this financing.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE A – BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of Odyssey Marine Exploration, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company,” “Odyssey,” “us,” “we” or “our”) have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the instructions to Form 10-Q and, therefore, do not include all information and footnotes normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. These interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position as of September 30, 2020 and the results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Operating results for the three and nine-month period ended September 30, 2020 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

There are no recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, the AICPA or the SEC that are believed by management to have a material effect, if any, on the Company’s financial statements.

NOTE B – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

This summary of significant accounting policies of the Company is presented to assist in understanding our consolidated financial statements. The financial statements and notes are representations of the Company’s management who are responsible for their integrity and objectivity and have prepared them in accordance with our customary accounting practices.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries, both domestic and international. Equity investments in which we exercise significant influence but do not control and of which we are not the primary beneficiary are accounted for using the equity method. All significant inter-company and intra-company transactions and balances have been eliminated. The results of operations attributable to the non-controlling interest are presented within equity and net income and are shown separately from the Company’s equity and net income attributable to the Company. Some of the existing inter-company balances, which are eliminated upon consolidation, include features allowing the liability to be converted into equity of a subsidiary, which if exercised, could increase the direct or indirect interest of the Company in the non-wholly owned subsidiaries.

Use of Estimates

Management uses estimates and assumptions in preparing these consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Those estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported revenues and expenses. Actual results could vary from the estimates that were used.

Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable

Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company determines are within the scope of ASC Topic 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC Topic 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract and determines those that are performance obligations, and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied. Sales, value add, and other taxes collected on behalf of third parties are excluded from revenue.

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The Company currently generates revenues from less than five customers with contracts. There are currently two sources of revenue, marine services and other services. The contracts for both services provide research, scientific services, marine operations planning, management execution, and project management. These services are billed generally on a monthly basis, and recognized as revenue as the services are performed. Revenue is recognized over time, as the customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits provided by the Company each month. The Company generally does not receive any upfront consideration for these services, and there is no variable consideration for the services. Costs associated with both services include all direct consulting labor, and minimal supplies, and is charged to operations as a component of Operations and Research.

Accounts receivable are based on amounts billed to customers. Generally accepted accounting principles state an estimate is to be made for an allowance for doubtful accounts. We have determined no allowance is currently necessary. If we were to have a recorded allowance, the accounts receivable would be stated net of the recorded allowance.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and cash in banks. We also consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.

Exploration License

The Company follows the guidance pursuant to ASU 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other” in accounting for its Exploration License. Management determined the rights to use the license to have an indefinite life. This assessment is based on the historical success of renewing the license since 2006, and the fact that management believes there are no legal, regulatory, or contractual provisions that would limit the useful life of the asset. The exploration license is not dependent on another asset or group of assets that could potentially limit the useful life of the exploration license. In the future, the recoverability of the license will be tested whenever circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable per the guidance of the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) for topic 360 for Property, Plant and Equipment.

Long-Lived Assets

Our policy is to recognize impairment losses relating to long-lived assets in accordance with the ASC 360 Property, Plant and Equipment. Decisions are based on several factors, including, but not limited to, management’s plans for future operations, recent operating results and projected cash flows. Impairment losses are included in depreciation at the time of impairment. We did not have any impairments in 2020 or 2019.

Property and Equipment and Depreciation

Property and equipment is stated at historical cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method at rates based on the assets’ estimated useful lives which are normally between three and thirty years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over their estimated useful lives or lease term, if shorter. Items that may require major overhauls (such as engines or generators) that enhance or extend the useful life of vessel related assets qualify to be capitalized and depreciated over the useful life or remaining life of that asset, whichever was shorter. Certain major repair items required by industry standards to ensure a vessel’s seaworthiness also qualified to be capitalized and depreciated over the period of time until the next scheduled planned major maintenance for that item. All other repairs and maintenance were accounted for under the direct-expensing method and are expensed when incurred.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. In periods when the Company has income, the Company would calculate basic earnings per share using the two-class method, if required, pursuant to ASC 260 Earnings Per Share. The two-class method was required effective with the issuance of certain senior convertible notes in the past because these notes qualified as a participating security, giving the holder the right to receive dividends should dividends be declared on common stock. Under the two-class method, earnings for a period are allocated on a pro rata basis to the common stockholders and to the holders of convertible notes based on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and number of shares that could be issued upon conversion. The Company does not use the two-class method in periods when it generates a loss because the holder of the convertible notes does not participate in losses. Currently, we do not have any outstanding convertible notes that qualify as a participating security.

Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that would occur if dilutive securities and other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in our earnings. We use the if-converted method to compute potential common shares from stock options, restricted stock units, warrants, preferred stock, convertible notes or other convertible securities. For diluted earnings per share, the Company uses the more dilutive of the if-converted method or two-class method. When a net loss occurs, potential common shares have an anti-dilutive effect on earnings per share and such shares are excluded from the diluted EPS calculation.

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For the nine-months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, the weighted average common shares outstanding year-to-date were 9,894,707 and 9,301,796, respectively. For the periods in which net losses occurred, all potential common shares were excluded from diluted EPS because the effect of including such shares would be anti-dilutive.

The potential common shares in the following tables represent potential common shares calculated using the if-converted method from outstanding options, stock awards and warrants that were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |  |  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |
Average market price during the period |  | $ | 5.25 |  |  | $ | 4.75 |  |  | $ | 4.45 |  |  | $ | 5.35 |
In the money potential common shares from options excluded |  |  | 22,493 |  |  |  | 9,449 |  |  |  | 22,493 |  |  |  | 10,984 |
In the money potential common shares from warrants excluded |  |  | 2,449,852 |  |  |  | 30,507 |  |  |  | 671,378 |  |  |  | 41,046 |

Potential common shares from out of the money options and warrants were also excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because calculation of the associated potential common shares has an anti-dilutive effect on EPS. The following table lists options and warrants that were excluded from diluted EPS:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Nine-Months Ended |
Per share exercise price |  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |  |  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |
Out of the money options excluded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
$12.48 |  |  | 136,833 |  |  |  | 136,833 |  |  |  | 136,833 |  |  |  | 136,833 |
$12.84 |  |  | 4,167 |  |  |  | 4,167 |  |  |  | 4,167 |  |  |  | 4,167 |
$26.40 |  |  | 75,158 |  |  |  | 75,158 |  |  |  | 75,158 |  |  |  | 75,158 |
Out-of-the-money warrants excluded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
$4.67 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 131,816 |  |  |  | — |
$4.75 |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,646,658 |  |  |  | — |
$5.76 |  |  | 196,135 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 196,135 |  |  |  | — |
$7.16 |  |  | 700,000 |  |  |  | 700,000 |  |  |  | 700,000 |  |  |  | 700,000 |
$12.00 |  |  | — |  |  |  | 65,625 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 65,625 |
Total excluded |  |  | 1,112,293 |  |  |  | 981,783 |  |  |  | 2,890,767 |  |  |  | 981,783 |

The common shares relating to our unvested restricted stock awards that were excluded from potential common shares in the earning per share calculation due to having an anti-dilutive effect are:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |  |  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |
Potential common shares from unvested restricted stock awards excluded from EPS |  |  | 343,353 |  |  |  | 41,667 |  |  |  | 343,353 |  |  |  | 41,667 |

The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators used in computing basic and diluted net income per share:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |  |  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | (5,448,046 | ) |  | $ | (4,229,833 | ) |  | $ | (12,444,644 | ) |  | $ | (8,172,000 | )
Numerator, basic and diluted net income (loss) available to stockholders |  | $ | (5,448,046 | ) |  | $ | (4,229,833 | ) |  | $ | (12,444,644 | ) |  | $ | (8,172,000 | )
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shares used in computation – basic: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares outstanding |  |  | 10,616,080 |  |  |  | 9,456,300 |  |  |  | 9,894,707 |  |  |  | 9,301,796 |

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|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |  |  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |
Common shares outstanding for basic |  |  | 10,616,080 |  |  |  | 9,456,300 |  |  |  | 9,894,707 |  |  |  | 9,301,796 |
Shares used in computation – diluted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Common shares outstanding for basic |  |  | 10,616,080 |  |  |  | 9,456,300 |  |  |  | 9,894,707 |  |  |  | 9,301,796 |
Shares used in computing diluted net income per share |  |  | 10,616,080 |  |  |  | 9,456,300 |  |  |  | 9,894,707 |  |  |  | 9,301,796 |
Net (loss) per share – basic |  | $ | (0.51 | ) |  | $ | (0.45 | ) |  | $ | (1.26 | ) |  | $ | (0.88 | )
Net (loss) per share – diluted |  | $ | (0.51 | ) |  | $ | (0.45 | ) |  | $ | (1.26 | ) |  | $ | (0.88 | )

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for using an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or the entire deferred tax asset will not be realized.

Stock-based Compensation

Our stock-based compensation is recorded in accordance with the guidance in the ASC topic for Stock-Based Compensation (See NOTE J).

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Financial instruments consist of cash, evidence of ownership in an entity, and contracts that both (i) impose on one entity a contractual obligation to deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity, or to exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity, and (ii) conveys to that second entity a contractual right (a) to receive cash or another financial instrument from the first entity, or (b) to exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. Accordingly, our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, derivative financial instruments and mortgage and loans payable. We carry cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and mortgage and loans payable at the approximate fair market value, and, accordingly, these estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that we could realize in a current market exchange. We carry derivative financial instruments at fair value as is required under current accounting standards. Redeemable preferred stock has been carried at historical cost and accreted carrying values to estimated redemption values over the term of the financial instrument.

Derivative financial instruments consist of financial instruments or other contracts that contain a notional amount and one or more underlying variables (e.g., interest rate, security price or other variable), require no initial net investment and permit net settlement. Derivative financial instruments may be free-standing or embedded in other financial instruments. Further, derivative financial instruments are initially, and subsequently, measured at fair value and recorded as liabilities or, in rare instances, assets. We generally do not use derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to cash-flow, market or foreign-currency risks. However, we have entered into certain other financial instruments and contracts with features that are either (i) not afforded equity classification, (ii) embody risks not clearly and closely related to host contracts, or (iii) may be net-cash settled by the counterparty. As required by ASC 815 – Derivatives and Hedging, these instruments are required to be carried as derivative liabilities, at fair value, in our financial statements with changes in fair value reflected in our income.

We adopted ASC Topic 820 for certain financial instruments measured as fair value on a recurring basis. ASC Topic 820 defines fair value, established a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820 established a three-tier fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value.

The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements). These tiers include:

Fair Value Hierarchy

The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are as follows:

Level 1. Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

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Level 2. Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets), or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or corroborated with observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs also include non-binding market consensus prices that can be corroborated with observable market data, as well as quoted prices that were adjusted for security-specific restrictions.

Level 3. Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology are significant to the measurement of the fair value of assets or liabilities. Level 3 inputs also include non-binding market consensus prices or non-binding broker quotes that we were unable to corroborate with observable market data.

We measure certain financial instruments at fair value on a recurring basis. The Company had liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis as follows at September 30, 2020:

|  | Total |  |  | Level 1 |  |  | Level 2 |  |  | Level 3 |
Assets: |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Hybrid debt instrument at fair value |  | $ | 960,800 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 960,800 |

The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for the liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the nine months ended September 30, 2020: See NOTE I: Note 10 – 37North for further detail.

Balance at December 31, 2019 |  | $ | 861,485 |
Additional debt issuances |  |  | 490,000 |
Conversion |  |  | (1,066,219 | )
Loss in hybrid-instrument fair value |  |  | 675,534 |
Balance at September 30, 2020 |  | $ | 960,800 |

Redeemable Preferred Stock

If we issue redeemable preferred stock instruments (or any other redeemable financial instrument), they are initially evaluated for possible classification as a liability in instances where redemption is certain to occur pursuant to ASC 480 – Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. Redeemable preferred stock classified as a liability is recorded and carried at fair value. Redeemable preferred stock that does not, in its entirety, require liability classification is evaluated for embedded features that may require bifurcation and separate classification as derivative liabilities. In all instances, the classification of the redeemable preferred stock host contract that does not require liability classification is evaluated for equity classification or mezzanine classification based upon the nature of the redemption features. Generally, mandatory redemption requirements or any feature that could require cash redemption for matters not within our control, irrespective of probability of the event occurring, requires classification outside of stockholders’ equity. Redeemable preferred stock that is recorded in the mezzanine section is accreted to its redemption value through charges to stockholders’ equity when redemption is probable using the effective interest method. We have no redeemable preferred stock outstanding for the periods presented.

Subsequent Events

We have evaluated subsequent events for recognition or disclosure through the date this Form 10-Q is filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

NOTE C – ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND OTHER

Our accounts receivable consist of the following:

|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | December 31, 2019 |
Trade |  | $ | 1,234 |  |  | $ | 161,937 |
Related party |  |  | 45,477 |  |  |  | 216,603 |
Other |  |  | — |  |  |  | 43,053 |
Total accounts receivable and other |  | $ | 46,711 |  |  | $ | 421,593 |

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During the quarter ended September 30, 2018, we began providing services for a deep-sea mineral exploration company in which our past Chairman of the Board, Greg Stemm, has a controlling and ownership interest (See NOTE D). At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the company owed us $38,542 and $216,603, respectively.

NOTE D – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

During 2018 we entered into a services agreement with and continue to provide services to a deep-sea mineral exploration company, CIC, which was organized and is majority owned and controlled by Greg Stemm, the past Chairman of the Board for Odyssey. Mr. Stemm’s involvement with this company was disclosed to, and approved by, the Odyssey Board of Directors and legal counsel pursuant to the terms of his consulting agreement. We are providing these services pursuant to a Master Services Agreement that provides for back office services in exchange for a recurring monthly fee as well as other mineral related services on a cost-plus profit basis and will be compensated for these services with a combination of cash and equity in CIC. For the 2020 year to date, we invoiced CIC a total of $547,274, which was for back office technical and support services. We have the option to accept equity in payment of the amounts due from CIC. See NOTE C for related accounts receivable at September 30, 2020 and NOTE F for our investment in an unconsolidated entity.

During the quarter ended September 30, 2019, we received an earnest money deposit of $450,000 from a company controlled by Greg Stemm, our past Chairman of the Board. The earnest money deposit relates to a draft agreement related to potential sell of a stake of our equity in CIC. As of this report date, this transaction has not been consummated. The deposit is included in accrued expenses and other in our statement of consolidated balance sheets.

The above terms and amounts are not necessarily indicative of the terms and amounts that would have been incurred had comparable transactions been entered into with independent parties.

NOTE E – EXPLORATION LICENSE

On July 9, 2019 we acquired a 79.9% interest in Bismarck Mining Corporation (PNG) Limited (“Bismarck”), a Papua New Guinea company that was organized for the purpose of exploring the deep waters off the coast for precious metals. We evaluated the transaction under ASU 2017-01 Business Combinations (Topic 805) and determined that Bismarck did not meet the definition of a business so the transaction represented an acquisition of assets rather than a business combination. Asset acquisitions do not give rise to goodwill. Rather, the sum of the fair value of the consideration given, together with transaction costs is allocated to the individual assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their relative fair values which were more clearly evident and, thus, more reliably measurable at the date of acquisition under ASC 805-50-30-2 Initial Measurement. In the future, the recoverability will be tested whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable per the guidance of ASC 360-10-35-21 Subsequent Measurement.

The consideration paid for the asset acquisition consisted of the following:

Fair value of 249,584 common shares issued |  | $ | 1,407,653 |
Direct transaction costs |  |  | 46,113 |
Total consideration paid |  | $ | 1,453,766 |

The consideration was allocated as follows:

Intangible asset- exploration license rights |  | $ | 1,821,251 |
Current assets |  |  | 1,747 |
Current liabilities |  |  | (3,516 | )
Less: Non-controlling interest |  |  | (365,716 | )
Total net assets acquired |  | $ | 1,453,766 |

Included in this acquisition are the rights Bismarck’s exploration license which is renewable every two years. Per ASC 350-30-35-3, management has deemed the rights to this license to have an indefinite life. In determining if the rights to the license has an indefinite or finite life required us to consider the nature of the renewal process and any additional economic factors, if any, required when renewing this license. We currently expect to use and renew the related license indefinitely, and we do not believe there are currently any legal, regulatory, or contractual provisions that are expected to limit the useful life of the related exploration license or indicate that the useful life is other than indefinite. The exploration license is also not dependent on, or specifically associated with, another asset or group of assets that would limit the useful life of the intangible asset or indicate that the useful life is other than indefinite. Management’s assumptions regarding our ability to successfully renew or extend the exploration license are based on Bismarck’s historical experience. Bismarck was established in 2006 and they have historically renewed and extended the exploration license without a lapse in their ability to use the license. The license has also never been revoked. We will not incur significant maintenance costs related to the license. There is an annual fee of approximately $14,000 to maintain the license. This

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amount is much less than the carrying amount of the license and the cost is not expected to prohibit continued renewals of the license in the future. Based on all the factors considered above, management believes it is appropriate to assign indefinite useful life to the acquisition of the rights for the exploration license.

NOTE F – INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES

Neptune Minerals, Inc. (NMI)

Our current investment in NMI consists of 3,092,488 Class B Common non-voting shares and 2,612 Series A Preferred non-voting shares. These preferred shares are convertible into an aggregate of 261,200 shares of Class B non-voting common stock. Our holdings now constitute an approximate 14% ownership in NMI. Our estimated share of unrecognized NMI equity-method losses is approximately $21.3 million. We have not recognized the accumulated $21.3 million in our income statement because these losses exceeded our investment in NMI. Our investment has a carrying value of zero as a result of the recognition of our share of prior losses incurred by NMI under the equity method of accounting. We believe it is appropriate to allocate this loss carryforward of $21.3 million to any incremental NMI investment that may be recognized on our balance sheet in excess of zero because the losses occurred when they were an equity-method investment. The aforementioned loss carryforward is based on NMI’s last unaudited financial statements as of December 31, 2016. We do not believe losses NMI may have incurred from the calendar year of 2017 to current day to be material. We do not have any financial obligations to NMI, and we are not committed to provide financial support to NMI.

Although we are a shareholder of NMI, we have no representation on the board of directors or in management of NMI and do not hold any Class A voting shares. We are not involved in the management of NMI nor do we participate in their policy-making. Accordingly, we are not the primary beneficiary of NMI. As of September 30, 2020, the net carrying value of our investment in NMI was zero in our consolidated financial statements.

Chatham Rock Phosphate, Limited.

During 2012, we performed deep-sea mining exploratory services for Chatham Rock Phosphate, Ltd. (“CRP”) valued at $1,680,000. As payment for these services, CRP issued 9,320,348 ordinary shares to us. During March 2017, Antipodes Gold Limited completed the acquisition of CRP. The surviving entity is now named Chatham Rock Phosphate Limited (“CRPL”). In exchange for our 9,320,348 shares of CRP we received 141,884 shares of CPRL, which represents equity ownership of approximately 1% of the surviving entity. Since CRP was a thinly traded stock and pursuant to guidance per ASC 320: Debt and Equity Securities regarding readily determinable fair value, we believe it was appropriate to not recognize this amount as an asset nor as revenue during that period. We continue to carry the value of our investment in CPRL at zero in our consolidated financial statements.

CIC LLC

In 2018, we began providing services to CIC LLC, a company controlled by Greg Stemm, the past Chairman of the Board for Odyssey (NOTE D). This company is pursuing deep water mining permits in foreign waters. Due to the initial structure of the company, we determined this venture to be a VIE consistent with ASU 2015-2. We have determined we are not the primary beneficiary of the VIE and, therefore, we have not consolidated this entity. Additionally, we also will record the investment under the cost method as we have determined we do not exercise significant influence over the entity. We will assess our investment for impairment annually and, if a loss in value is deemed other than temporary, an impairment charge will be recorded. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the accumulated investment in the entity was $2,154,152 and $1,500,000, respectively, which is classified as an investment in unconsolidated entity in our consolidated balance sheets.

We account for the investments we make in certain legal entities in which equity investors do not have (1) sufficient equity at risk for the legal entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, or (2) as a group, the holders of the equity investment at risk do not have either the power, through voting or similar rights, to direct the activities of the legal entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance, or (3) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the legal entity or the right to receive expected residual returns of the legal entity. These legal entities are referred to as “variable interest entities” or “VIEs.”

We would consolidate the results of any such entity in which we determined we had a controlling financial interest. We would have a “controlling financial interest” in such an entity if we had both the power to direct the activities that most significantly affect the VIE’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb the losses of, or right to receive benefits from, the VIE that could be potentially significant to the VIE. On a quarterly basis, we reassess whether we have a controlling financial interest in any investments we have in these legal entities.

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We determine whether any of the entities in which we have made investments is a VIE at the start of each new venture and if a reconsideration event has occurred. At such times, we also consider whether we must consolidate a VIE and/or disclose information about our involvement in a VIE. A reporting entity must consolidate a VIE if that reporting entity has a variable interest (or combination of variable interests) that will absorb a majority of the VIE’s expected losses, receive a majority of the VIE’s expected residual returns, or both. A reporting entity must consider the rights and obligations conveyed by its variable interests and the relationship of its variable interests with variable interests held by other parties to determine whether its variable interests will absorb a majority of a VIE’s expected losses, receive a majority of the VIE’s expected residual returns, or both. The reporting entity that consolidates a VIE is called the primary beneficiary of that VIE.

NOTE G – INCOME TAXES

During the nine-month period ended September 30, 2020, we generated a federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforward of $5.2 million and generated $4.3 million of foreign NOL carryforwards. As of September 30. 2020, we had consolidated income tax NOL carryforwards for federal tax purposes of approximately $185.0 million and net operating loss carryforwards for foreign income tax purposes of approximately $53.2 million. The federal NOL carryforwards from 2005 forward will expire in various years beginning in 2025 and ending through the year 2038.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to be recovered or settled. We have recorded a net deferred tax asset of $0 at September 30, 2020. As required by the Accounting for Income Taxes topic in the ASC, we have concluded it is more likely than not that those assets would not be realizable without the recovery and rights of ownership or salvage rights of high value shipwrecks or substantial profits from our mining operations and thus a valuation allowance has been recorded as of September 30, 2020. There was no U.S. income tax expense for the three months ended September 30. 2020 due to the generation of net operating losses.

The increase in the valuation allowance as of September 30, 2020 is due to the generation of approximately $0.8 million in net operating loss year-to-date.

The change in the valuation allowance is as follows:

September 30, 2020 |  | $ | 57,645,289 |
December 31, 2019 |  |  | 56,819,522 |
Change in valuation allowance |  | $ | 825,767 |

Our estimated annual effective tax rate as of September 30, 2020 is 15.216% while our September 30, 2020 effective tax rate is 0.0% because of the full valuation allowance.

We have not recognized a material adjustment in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits and have not recorded any provisions for accrued interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions. The earliest tax year still subject to examination by a major taxing jurisdiction is 2016.

NOTE H – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal Proceedings

The Company may be subject to a variety of claims and suits that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of business. We are not a party to any litigation as a defendant where a loss contingency is required to be reflected in our consolidated financial statements.

Contingency

During March 2016, our Board of Directors approved the grant and issuance of 3.0 million new equity shares of Oceanica Resources, S.R.L. (“Oceanica”) to two attorneys for their future services. This equity would only be issuable upon the Mexican’s government approval and issuance of the Environmental Impact Assessment (“EIA”) for our Mexican subsidiary. All possible grants of new equity shares were approved by the Administrators of Oceanica. We also owe consultants contingent success fees of up to $700,000 upon the approval and issuance of the EIA. The EIA has not been approved as of the date of this report.

Going Concern Consideration

We have experienced several years of net losses and may continue to do so. Our ability to generate net income or positive cash flows for the following twelve months is dependent upon financings, our success in developing and monetizing our interests in mineral exploration entities, generating income from exploration charters, collecting on amounts owed to us, and completing the MINOSA/Penelope equity financing transaction approved by our stockholders on June 9, 2015.

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Our 2020 business plan required us to generate new cash inflows to effectively allow us to perform our planned projects. We continually plan to generate new cash inflows through the monetization of our receivables and equity stakes in seabed mineral companies, financings, syndications or other partnership opportunities. If cash inflow ever becomes insufficient to meet our desired projected business plan requirements, we would be required to follow a contingency business plan which is based on curtailed expenses and fewer cash requirements. On August 21, 2020, we sold in the aggregate 2,553,314 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase up to 1,901,989 shares of our common stock. The net proceeds received from this sale, after offering expenses of $0.3 million, were $11.3 million (See NOTE J). These proceeds, coupled with the anticipated cash inflows are expected to provide operating funds through early 2022.

On March 11, 2015, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Minera del Norte S.A. de c.v. (“MINOSA”) and Penelope Mining LLC (“Penelope”), an affiliate of MINOSA, pursuant to which (a) MINOSA agreed to extend short-term, debt financing to Odyssey of up to $14.75 million, and (b) Penelope agreed to invest up to $101 million over three years in convertible preferred stock of Odyssey. The equity financing is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the approval of our stockholders which occurred on June 9, 2015, and MINOSA and Penelope are currently under no obligation to make the preferred share equity investments.

Our consolidated non-restricted cash balance at September 30, 2020 was $9.1 million. We have a working capital deficit at September 30, 2020 of $48.8 million. Our largest loan of $14.75 million from MINOSA had a due date of December 31, 2017 which is now linked to other stipulations, see NOTE I for further detail. The majority of our remaining assets have been pledged to MINOSA, and its affiliates, and to Monaco Financial LLC, leaving us with few opportunities to raise additional funds from our balance sheet. The total consolidated book value of our assets was approximately $14.0 million at September 30, 2020, which includes cash of $9.1 million, and the fair market value of these assets may differ from their net carrying book value. Even though we executed the above noted financing arrangement with Penelope, Penelope must purchase the shares for us to be able to complete the equity component of the transaction. The Penelope equity transaction is heavily dependent on the outcome of our subsidiary’s application approval process for an environmental permit (EIA) to commercially develop a mineralized phosphate deposit off the coast of Mexico. The factors noted above raise doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the amounts and classification of assets and liabilities that may be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

Lease commitment

In August 2019, we entered into an operating lease for our corporate office space under a non-cancellable lease through August 2024 with monthly payments ranging from $11,789 to $13,269, not including sales tax. The lease provides for annual increases of base rent of 3% until the expiration date. Pursuant to ASC 842, an operating lease right of usage (ROU) asset and liability were recognized in the amount of $590,612 at inception of the lease based on the present value of lease payments over the remaining lease term. The ROU asset represents the Company’s right to use the underlying office space asset for the lease term, and the lease liability represents the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Since the implicit rate of interest in the arrangement was not readily determinable, we utilized our incremental borrowing rate of 10% in determining the present value of lease payments. The operating lease ROU asset includes any lease payments made and excludes lease incentives. The Company recognized approximately $54,000 and $162,000 in lease expense for the three and nine-months ended September 30, 2020.

At September 30, 2020 the ROU asset and lease obligation were, $473,389 and $482,887, respectively.

The remaining lease payment obligations are as follows:

Year ending December 31, |  | Annual payment obligation |
2020 |  |  | 36,429 |
2021 |  |  | 147,539 |
2022 |  |  | 151,965 |
2023 |  |  | 156,524 |
2024 |  |  | 92,884 |
|  | $ | 585,341 |

During the third quarter of 2019, we entered into a five-year lease at the location of our corporate office space in Tampa, Florida to support our marine operations. The lease was effective October 1, 2019 and has monthly lease payments ranging from $4,040 to $4,547, not including sales tax, over the five-year term. We are accounting for this lease under ASC 842 which resulted in a right of use asset and lease obligation of $202,424. The discount used in determining the right of use asset was 10%.

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At September 30, 2020 the ROU asset and lease obligation were, $168,001 and $170,999, respectively.

The remaining lease payment obligations are as follows:

Year ending December 31, |  | Annual payment obligation |
2020 |  |  | 12,486 |
2021 |  |  | 50,317 |
2022 |  |  | 51,827 |
2023 |  |  | 53,382 |
2024 |  |  | 40,930 |
|  | $ | 208,942 |

NOTE I – LOANS PAYABLE

The Company’s consolidated notes payable consisted of the following carrying values at:

|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | December 31, 2019 |
Note 1 – Monaco 2014 |  | $ | 2,800,000 |  |  | $ | 2,800,000 |
Note 2 – Monaco 2016 |  |  | 1,175,000 |  |  |  | 1,175,000 |
Note 3 – MINOSA 1 |  |  | 14,750,001 |  |  |  | 14,750,001 |
Note 4 – Epsilon |  |  | 1,000,000 |  |  |  | 1,000,000 |
Note 5 – SMOM |  |  | 3,500,000 |  |  |  | 3,500,000 |
Note 6 – MINOSA 2 |  |  | 5,050,000 |  |  |  | 5,050,000 |
Note 7 – Monaco 2018 |  |  | 1,099,366 |  |  |  | 1,099,366 |
Note 8 – Promissory note |  |  | 1,352,006 |  |  |  | 1,210,537 |
Note 9 – Litigation financing |  |  | 7,969,137 |  |  |  | 2,957,097 |
Note 10 – 37North |  |  | 960,800 |  |  |  | 861,485 |
Note 11 – Payroll Protection Program |  |  | 370,400 |  |  |  | — |
Note 12 – Emergency Injury Disaster Loan |  |  | 149,900 |  |  |  | — |
|  | $ | 40,176,610 |  |  | $ | 34,403,486 |

Note 1 – Monaco 2014

On August 14, 2014, we entered into a Loan Agreement with Monaco Financial, LLC (“Monaco”), a strategic marketing partner, pursuant to which Monaco agreed to lend us up to $10.0 million. The loan was issued in three tranches: (i) $5.0 million (the “First Tranche”) was advanced upon execution of the Loan Agreement; (ii) $2.5 million (the “Second Tranche”) was advanced on October 1, 2014; and (iii) $2.5 million (the “Third Tranche”) was advanced on December 1, 2014. The Notes bear interest at a rate equal to 11% per annum. The Notes also contain an option whereby Monaco can purchase shares of Oceanica held by Odyssey (the “Share Purchase Option”) at a purchase price that is the lower of (a) $3.15 per share or (b) the price per share of a contemplated equity offering of Oceanica which totals $1.0 million or more in the aggregate. The share purchase option was not clearly and closely related to the host debt agreement and required bifurcation.

On December 10, 2015, these promissory notes were amended as part of the asset acquisition agreement with Monaco (See NOTE R in our Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the period ended December 31, 2017 for further information). The amendment included the following material changes: (i) $2.2 million of the indebtedness represented by the Notes was extinguished, (ii) $5.0 million of the indebtedness represented by the Notes ceased to bear interest and is only repayable under certain circumstances from certain sources of cash, and (iii) the maturity date on the Notes was extended to December 31, 2017. During March 2016, the maturity date was further extended to April 1, 2018 and the exercise price of the Share Purchase Option was re-priced to $1.00 per share. This indebtedness has matured, but Monaco has not demanded payment because we are in negotiations with Monaco to set a new maturity date. As of the maturity date, the interest rate was adjusted to the default rate of 18% per annum. See “Loan Modification (March 2016)” below. For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 interest expense in the amount of $144,455 and $144,455, respectively, was recorded. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 interest expense in the amount of $430,225 and $428,665, respectively, was recorded. The outstanding interest-bearing balance of these Notes was $2.8 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, respectively.

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Note 2 – Monaco 2016

In March 2016, Monaco agreed to lend us an additional $1,825,000. These loan proceeds were received in full during the first quarter of 2016. The indebtedness bears interest at 10.0% percent per year. All principal and any unpaid interest were due on April 15, 2018. This indebtedness has matured, but Monaco has not demanded payment because we are in negotiations with Monaco to set a new maturity date. As of the maturity date, the interest rate was adjusted to the default rate of 18% per annum. The current outstanding balance as of September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $1,175,000. The indebtedness is convertible at any time until the maturity date into shares of Oceanica held by us at a conversion price of $1.00 per share. Pursuant to this loan and as security for the indebtedness, Monaco was granted a second priority security interest in (a) one-half of the indebtedness evidenced by the Amended and Restated Consolidated Note and Guaranty, dated September 25, 2015 (the “ExO Note”), in the original principal amount of $18.0 million, issued by Exploraciones Oceanicas S. de R.L. de C.V. to Oceanica Marine Operations, S.R.L. (“OMO”), and all rights associated therewith (the “OMO Collateral”); and (b) all technology and assets in our possession or control used for offshore exploration, including an ROV system, deep-tow search systems, winches, multi-beam sonar, and other equipment. The carrying net book value of this equipment is less than $0.1 million. We unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed all obligations of ours and our subsidiaries to Monaco under this loan agreement. As further consideration for the loan, Monaco was granted an option (the “Option”) to purchase the OMO Collateral. The Option is exercisable at any time before the earlier of (a) the date that is 30 days after the loan is paid in full or (b) the maturity date of the ExO Note, for aggregate consideration of $9.3 million, $1.8 million of which would be paid at the closing of the exercise of the Option, with the balance paid in ten monthly installments of $750,000. During 2017, we sold a marine vessel to a related party of Monaco for $650,000. The consideration for this vessel was applied against our loan balance to Monaco in the amount of $650,000.

Accounting considerations

ASC 815 generally requires the analysis of embedded terms and features that have characteristics of derivatives to be evaluated for bifurcation and separate accounting in instances where their economic risks and characteristics are not clearly and closely related to the risks of the host contract. The option to purchase the OMO Collateral is an embedded feature that is not clearly and closely related to the host debt agreement and thus requires bifurcation. Because the option is out of the money, it has no material fair value as of the inception date or currently. The debt agreement did not contain any additional embedded terms or features that have characteristics of derivatives. However, we were required to consider whether the hybrid contract embodied a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”). The calculation of the effective conversion amount did result in a BCF because the effective conversion price was less than the market price on the date of issuance, therefore a BCF of $456,250 was recorded. This BCF has been fully amortized as of March 31, 2018. For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 interest expense in the amount of $67,454 and $67,454, respectively, was recorded. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, interest expense in the amount of $200,896 and $200,165, respectively, was recorded.

Loan modification (December 2015)

In connection with the Acquisition Agreement entered into with Monaco on December 10, 2015, Monaco agreed to modify certain terms of the loans as partial consideration for the purchase of assets. For the First Tranche ($5,000,000 advanced on August 14, 2014), Monaco agreed to cease interest as of December 10, 2015 and reduce the loan balance by (i) the cash or other value received from the SS Central America shipwreck project (“SSCA”) or (ii) if the proceeds received from the SSCA project were insufficient to pay off the loan balance by December 31, 2017, then Monaco could seek repayment of the remaining outstanding balance on the loan by withholding Odyssey’s 21.25% “additional consideration” in new shipwreck projects performed for Monaco in the future. For the Second Tranche ($2,500,000 advanced on October 1, 2014), Monaco agreed to reduce the principal amount by $2,200,000 leaving a new principal balance of $300,000 and extension of maturity to December 31, 2017. For the Third Tranche ($2,500,000 advanced on December 1, 2014), Monaco agreed to the extension of maturity to December 31, 2017.

On December 10, 2015, the Monaco call option related to the Oceanica shares held by us was extended until December 31, 2017.

Loan modification (March 2016)

In connection with the $1.825 million loan agreement with Monaco in March 2016, the existing $2.8 million notes were modified. Of the combined total indebtedness of Monaco’s Note 1 and Note 2, Monaco can convert this debt into 3,174,603 shares of Oceanica at a fixed conversion price of $1.00 per share, or $3,174,603. Any remaining debt in excess of $3,174,603 is not convertible. Additionally, the modification eliminated Monaco’s option (“share purchase option”) to purchase 3,174,603 shares of Oceanica stock at a price of $3.15 per share. The modification was analyzed under ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”) to determine if extinguishment accounting was applicable. Under ASC 470-50-40-10 a modification or an exchange that adds or eliminates a substantive conversion option as of the conversion date is always considered substantial and requires extinguishment accounting. Since this modification added a substantive conversion option, extinguishment accounting is applicable. In accordance with the extinguishment accounting guidance (a) the share purchase option was first marked to its pre-modification fair value, (b) the new debt was recorded at fair value and (c) the old debt and share purchased option was removed. The difference between the fair value of the new debt and the sum of the pre-modification carrying amount of the old debt and the share purchase option’s fair value represented a gain on extinguishment. ASC 470-50-40-2 indicates that debt restructuring with a related party may be in essence a capital transaction and as a result the gain of $1.2 million was recognized in additional paid in capital upon extinguishment.

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Note 3 – MINOSA

On March 11, 2015, in connection with a Stock Purchase Agreement, Minera del Norte, S.A. de C.V. (“MINOSA”) agreed to lend us up to $14.75 million. The entire $14.75 million was loaned in five advances from March 11 through June 30, 2015. The outstanding indebtedness bears interest at 8.0% percent per annum. The Promissory Note was amended on April 10, 2015 and on October 1, 2015 so that, unless otherwise converted as provided in the Note, the adjusted principal balance shall be due and payable in full upon written demand by MINOSA; provided that MINOSA agreed that it shall not demand payment of the adjusted principal balance earlier than the first to occur of: (i) 30 days after the date on which (x) SEMARNAT makes a determination with respect to the current application for the Manifestacion de Impacto Ambiental relating to phosphate deposit project, which determination is other than an approval or (y) Odyssey Marine Enterprises or any of its affiliates withdraws such application without MINOSA’s prior written consent; (ii) termination by Odyssey of the Stock Purchase Agreement, dated March 11, 2015 (the “Purchase Agreement”), among Odyssey, MINOSA, and Penelope Mining, LLC (the “Investor”); (iii) the occurrence of an event of default under the Promissory Note; (iv) December 31, 2015; or (v) if and only if the Investor shall have terminated the Purchase Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1(d)(iii) thereof, March 30, 2016. This indebtedness is classified as short-term debt. In connection with the loans, we granted MINOSA an option to purchase our 54% interest in Oceanica for $40.0 million (the “Oceanica Call Option”). On March 11, 2016, the Oceanica Call has expired. Completion of the transaction requires amending the Company’s articles of incorporation to (a) effect a reverse stock split, which was implemented on February 19, 2016, (b) adjusting the Company’s authorized capitalization, which was also implemented on February 19, 2016, and (c) establishing a classified board of directors (collectively, the “Amendments”). The Amendments have been or will be set forth in certificates of amendment to the Company’s articles of incorporation filed or to be filed with the Nevada Secretary of State. As collateral for the loan, we granted MINOSA a security interest in the Company’s 54% interest in Oceanica. The outstanding principal balance of this debt was $14.75 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The maturity date of this indebtedness has been amended and matured on March 18, 2017. Per Note 6 MINOSA 2 below, the Minosa Purchase Agreement amended the due date of this note to a due date which may be no earlier than December 31, 2017, that is at least 60 days subsequent to written notice that Minosa intends to demand payment. See Note 6 – MINOSA 2 for further qualifications. During December 2017, MINOSA transferred this debt to its parent company. For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, interest expense in the amount of $297,424 and $297,424, respectively, was recorded. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, interest expense in the amount of $885,806 and $882,575, respectively, was recorded.

Accounting considerations

We have accounted for this transaction as a financing transaction, wherein the net proceeds received were allocated to the financial instruments issued. Prior to making the accounting allocation, we evaluated for proper classification under ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”), ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”) and ASC 320 Property, Plant and Equipment (“ASC 320”).

This debt agreement did not contain any embedded terms or features that have characteristics of derivatives. The Oceanica Call Option is considered a freestanding financial instrument because it is both (i) legally detachable and (ii) separately exercisable. The Oceanica Call Option did not fall under the guidance of ASC 480. Additionally, it did not meet the definition of a derivative under ASC 815 because the option has a fixed value of $40.0 million and does not contain an underlying variable which is indicative of a derivative. This instrument is considered an option contract for a sale of an asset. The guidance applied in this case is ASC 360-20, which provides that in situations when a party lends funds to a seller and is given an option to buy the property at a certain date in the future, the loan shall be recorded at its present value using market interest rates and any excess of the proceeds over that amount credited to an option deposit account. If the option is exercised, the deposit shall be included as part of the sales proceeds; if not exercised, it shall be credited to income in the period in which the option lapses.

Based on the previous conclusions, we allocated the cash proceeds first to the debt at its present value using a market rate of 15%, which is management’s estimate of a market rate loan for the Company, with the residual allocated to the Oceanica Call Option, as follows:

|  | Tranche 1 |  |  | Tranche 2 |  |  | Tranche 3 |  |  | Tranche 4 |  |  | Tranche 5 |  |  | Total |
Promissory Note |  | $ | 1,932,759 |  |  | $ | 5,826,341 |  |  | $ | 2,924,172 |  |  | $ | 1,960,089 |  |  | $ | 1,723,492 |  |  | $ | 14,366,853 |
Deferred Income (Oceanica Call Option) |  |  | 67,241 |  |  |  | 173,659 |  |  |  | 75,828 |  |  |  | 39,911 |  |  |  | 26,509 |  |  |  | 383,148 |
Proceeds |  | $ | 2,000,000 |  |  | $ | 6,000,000 |  |  | $ | 3,000,000 |  |  | $ | 2,000,000 |  |  | $ | 1,750,0001 |  |  | $ | 14,750,001 |

The call option amount of $383,148 represented a debt discount. This discount has been fully accreted up to face value using the effective interest method.

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Note 4 – Epsilon

On March 18, 2016 we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (“Purchase Agreement”) with Epsilon Acquisitions LLC (“Epsilon”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, Epsilon loaned us $3.0 million in two installments of $1.5 million on March 31, 2016 and April 30, 2016. The indebtedness bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum and was due on March 18, 2017. We were also responsible for $50,000 of the lender’s out of pocket costs. This amount is included in the loan balance. In pledge agreements related to the loans, we granted security interests to Epsilon in (a) the 54 million cuotas (a unit of ownership under Panamanian law) of Oceanica Resources S. de R.L. (“Oceanica”) held by our wholly owned subsidiary, Odyssey Marine Enterprises, Ltd. (“OME”), (b) all notes and other receivables from Oceanica and its subsidiary owed to the Odyssey Pledgors, and (c) all of the outstanding equity in OME. Epsilon has the right to convert the outstanding indebtedness into shares of our common stock upon 75 days’ notice to us or upon a merger, consolidation, third party tender offer, or similar transaction relating to us at the conversion price of $5.00 per share, which represents the five-day volume-weighted average price of Odyssey’s common stock for the five trading day period ending on March 17, 2016. On January 25, 2017, Epsilon provided notice to us that it would convert the initial $3.0 million plus accrued interest per the Restated Note Purchase Agreement at $5.00 per share in accordance with the terms of the agreement. The conversion and issuance of new shares was effective April 10, 2017 and included accrued interest of $302,274 for a total 670,455 shares. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an event of default, the conversion price was to be reduced to $2.50 per share. Following any conversion of the indebtedness, Penelope Mining LLC (an affiliate of Epsilon) (“Penelope”), may elect to reduce its commitment to purchase preferred stock of Odyssey under the Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 11, 2015 (as amended, the “Stock Purchase Agreement”), among Odyssey, Penelope, and Minera del Norte, S.A. de C.V. (“MINOSA”) by the amount of indebtedness converted.

Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement (a) we agreed to waive our rights to terminate the Stock Purchase Agreement in accordance with the terms thereof until December 31, 2016, and (b) MINOSA agreed to extend, until March 18, 2017, the maturity date of the $14.75 million loan extended by MINOSA to OME pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement. The indebtedness may be accelerated upon the occurrence of specified events of default including (a) OME’s failure to pay any amount payable on the date due and payable; (b) OME or we fail to perform or observe any term, covenant, or agreement in the Purchase Agreement or the related documents, subject to a five-day cure period; (c) an event of default or material breach by OME, us or any of our affiliates under any of the other loan documents shall have occurred and all grace periods, if any, applicable thereto shall have expired; (d) the Stock Purchase Agreement shall have been terminated; (e) specified dissolution, liquidation, insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization, or similar cases or actions are commenced by or against OME or any of its subsidiaries, in specified circumstances unless dismissed or stayed within 60 days; (f) the entry of judgment or award against OME or any of its subsidiaries in excess or $100,000; and (g) a change in control (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) occurs.

In connection with the execution and delivery of the Purchase Agreement, we and Epsilon entered into a registration rights agreement pursuant to which we agreed to register new shares of our common stock with a formal registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission upon the conversion of the indebtedness.

Accounting considerations

We have accounted for this transaction as a financing transaction, wherein the net proceeds received were allocated to the financial instruments issued. Prior to making the accounting allocation, we evaluated the transaction for proper classification under ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”), ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”) and ASC 320 Property, Plant and Equipment (“ASC 320”).

This debt agreement did not contain any embedded terms or features that have characteristics of derivatives. However, we were required to consider whether the hybrid contract embodied a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”). The calculation of the effective conversion amount did result in a BCF because the effective conversion price was less than the Company’s stock price on the date of issuance, therefore a BCF of $96,000 was recorded. The BCF represents a debt discount which was amortized over the life of the loan.

Loan modification (October 1, 2016)

On October 1, 2016 Odyssey Marine Enterprises, Ltd. (“OME”), entered into an Amended and Restated Note Purchase Agreement (the “Restated Note Purchase Agreement”) with Epsilon Acquisitions LLC (“Epsilon”). In connection with the existing $3.0 million loan agreement, Epsilon agreed to lend an additional $3.0 million evidenced by secured convertible promissory notes. The convertible promissory notes bear an interest rate of 10.0% per annum and are due and payable on March 18, 2017. Epsilon has the right to convert all amounts outstanding under the Restated Note into shares of our common stock upon 75 days’ notice to OME or upon a merger, consolidation, third party tender offer, or similar transaction relating to us at the applicable conversion price, which is (a) $5.00 per share with respect to the $3.0 million already advanced under the Restated Note and (b) with respect to additional advances under the Restated Note, the five-day volume-weighted average price of our common stock for the five trading day period ending on the trading day immediately prior to the date on which OME submits a borrowing notice for such advance. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, we shall not issue any of our common stock upon conversion of any outstanding tranche (other than the first $3.0 million already advanced) under this Restated Note in excess of 1,388,769 shares of common stock. The additional tranches were issued as follows: (a) $1,000,000 (“Tranche 3”) was issued on October 16, 2016 with

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a conversion price of $3.52 per share; (b) $1,000,000 (“Tranche 4”) was issued on November 15, 2016 with a conversion price of $4.19 per share; and (c) $1,000,000 (“Tranche 5”) was issued on December 15, 2016 with a conversion price of $4.13 per share. During 2017, Epsilon assigned Tranche 4 and 5 totaling $2,000,000 of this debt to MINOSA under the same terms as the original debt. See Note – MINOSA 2 below for further detail.

As an inducement for the issuance of the additional $3.0 million of promissory notes, we also delivered to Epsilon a common stock purchase warrant (the “Warrant”) pursuant to which Epsilon has the right to purchase up to 120,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $3.52 per share, which exercise price represents the five-day volume-weighted average price of our common stock for the five trading day period ending on the trading day immediately prior to the day on which the Warrant was issued. Epsilon may exercise the Warrant in whole or in part at any time during the period ending October 1, 2021. The Warrant includes a cashless exercise feature and provides that, if Epsilon is in default of its obligations to fund any advance pursuant to and in accordance with the Restated Note Purchase Agreement, then, thereafter, the maximum aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be purchased under the Warrant shall be the number determined by multiplying 120,000 by a fraction, (a) the numerator of which is the aggregate principal amount of advances that have been extended to the OME by Epsilon pursuant to the Restated Note Purchase Agreement on or after the date of the Warrant and prior to the date of such failure and (b) the denominator of which is $3.0 million.

Accounting considerations for additional tranches

We evaluated for proper classification under ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”), ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”) and ASC 320 Property, Plant and Equipment (“ASC 320”). This debt agreement did not contain any embedded terms or features that have characteristics of derivatives. Additionally, the warrant agreement did not contain any terms or features that would preclude equity classification. We were required to consider whether the hybrid contract embodied a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”). The allocations of the three additional tranches were as follows.

|  | Tranche 3 |  |  | Tranche 4 |  |  | Tranche 5 |
Promissory Note |  | $ | 981,796 |  |  | $ | 939,935 |  |  | $ | 1,000,000 |
Beneficial Conversion Feature (“BCF”)* |  |  | 18,204 |  |  |  | 60,065 |  |  |  | — |
Proceeds |  | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | $ | 1,000,000 |

A beneficial conversion feature arises when the calculation of the effective conversion price is less than the Company’s stock price on the date of issuance. Tranche 5 did not result in a BCF because the effective conversion price was greater than the company’s stock price on the date of issuance.

The Warrant’s fair value was calculated using Black-Scholes-Merton (“BSM”) pricing model. The aggregate fair value of the Warrant totaled $303,712. Since the Warrant was issued as an inducement to Epsilon to issue additional debt, we recorded an inducement expense of $303,712 For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 interest expense in the amount of $25,205 and $25,205, respectively, was recorded. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019 interest expense in the amount of $75,067 and $74,795, respectively, was recorded.

Term Extension (March 21, 2017)

On March 21, 2017 we entered into an amendment to the Restated Note Purchase Agreement with Epsilon. In connection with the existing $6.0 million of indebtedness, the adjusted principal balance is due and payable in full upon the earlier of (i) written demand by Epsilon or (ii) such time as Odyssey or the guarantor pays any other indebtedness for borrowed money prior to its stated maturity date. As such the Company amortized the notes up to their face value of $6,050,000 and they are classified as short-term. However, since Epsilon converted the first $3.0 million into 670,455 of our common shares and assigned $2.0 million to MINOSA, the current principal indebtedness at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 is $1.0 million.

Note 5 – SMOM

On May 3, 2017, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (“Loan Agreement”) with SMOM. Pursuant to the Loan Agreement, SMOM agreed to loan us up to $3.0 million as evidenced by a convertible promissory note. As a commitment fee, we assigned the remaining 50% of our Neptune Minerals, LLC receivable to SMOM. This receivable had zero carrying value on our balance sheet and due to the age and collectability was deemed to have no fair value. The indebtedness bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum and matures on the second anniversary of this Loan Agreement which is May 3, 2019. On April 20, 2018, the loan was amended, and the principal amount of the Loan was increased to $3.5 million. The loan balance at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $3.5 million. The holder has the option to convert up to $2.0 million of any unpaid principal and interest into up to 50% of the equity interest held by Odyssey in Aldama Mining Company, S.de R.L. de C.V. which is a wholly owned subsidiary of ours. The conversion value of $1.0 million equates to 10% of the equity interest in Aldama. If the holder elects to acquire the entire 50% of the equity interest, the Holder has to pay the deficiency in cash. As additional consideration for the loan, the holder has the right to purchase from Odyssey all or a portion of the equity collateral (up to the 50% of the equity interest of Aldama) for the option consideration ($1.0 million for each 10% of equity interests) during the period that is the later of (i) one year after the maturity date and (ii) one year after the loan is repaid in full, the expiration date. The lender may also choose to extend the expiration date annually by paying $500,000 for each year extended. For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, interest expense in the amount of $88,219 and $88,219, respectively, was recorded. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, interest expense in the amount of $262,739 and $261,781, respectively, was recorded.

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Accounting considerations

We have accounted for this transaction as a financing transaction, wherein the net proceeds received were allocated to the financial instruments issued. Prior to making the accounting allocation, we evaluated for proper classification under ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”), ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”) and ASC 320 Property, Plant and Equipment (“ASC 320”).

This debt agreement did not contain any embedded terms or features that have characteristics of derivatives. However, we were required to consider whether the hybrid contract embodied a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”). The calculation of the effective conversion amount did not result in a BCF because the effective conversion price was equal to the Company’s stock price on the date of issuance.

Note 6 – MINOSA 2

On August 10, 2017, we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “Minosa Purchase Agreement”) with MINOSA. Pursuant to the Minosa Purchase Agreement, MINOSA agreed to loan Enterprises up to $3.0 million. During 2017, we borrowed $2.7 million against this facility and Epsilon assigned $2.0 million of its debt to MINOSA. At September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019, the outstanding principal balance, including the Epsilon assignment, was $5.05 million. The indebtedness is evidenced by a secured convertible promissory note (the “Minosa Note”) and bears interest at a rate equal to 10.0% per annum. Unless otherwise converted as described below, the entire outstanding principal balance under this Minosa Note and all accrued interest and fees are due and payable upon written demand by MINOSA; provided, that MINOSA agreed not make a demand for payment prior to the earlier of (a) an event of default (as defined in the Minosa Note) or (b) a date, which may be no earlier than December 31, 2017, that is at least 60 days subsequent to written notice that MINOSA intends to demand payment. MINOSA has not provided any notice they intend to issue a payment demand notice. We unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed all of the obligations under the Minosa Purchase Agreement and the Minosa Note. MINOSA has the right to convert all amounts outstanding under the Minosa Note into shares of our common stock upon 75 days’ notice to us or upon a merger, consolidation, third party tender offer, or similar transaction relating to us at the conversion price of $4.41 per share. During December 2017, MINOSA transferred this debt to its parent company.

This debt agreement did not contain any embedded terms or features that have characteristics of derivatives. However, we were required to consider whether the hybrid contract embodied a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”). The calculation of the effective conversion amount did result in a BCF because the effective conversion price was less than the Company’s stock price on the date of issuance, therefore a BCF of $62,925 was recorded. As of December 31, 2017, all of the BCF has been accreted to the income statement. The BCF represented a debt discount that was amortized over the life of the loan. For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, interest expense in the amount of $127,287 and $127,287, respectively, was recorded. For the nine-months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, interest expense in the amount of $379,094 and $377,712, respectively, was recorded.

As previously reported, Epsilon loaned us an aggregate of $6.0 million pursuant to an amended and restated convertible promissory Minosa Note, dated as of March 18, 2016, as further amended and restated on October 1, 2016 (the “Epsilon Note”). Since then, Epsilon has assigned $2.0 million of the indebtedness under the Epsilon Note to MINOSA. Along with Epsilon, we entered into a second amended and restated convertible promissory note (the “Second AR Epsilon Note”), which further amends and restates the Epsilon Note. The stated principal amount of the Second AR Epsilon Note is $1.0 million (which reflects the outstanding principal balance remaining after giving effect to Epsilon’s (x) previous assignment of $2.0 million of the indebtedness under the Epsilon Note to MINOSA and (y) conversion of $3.0 million of the indebtedness under the Epsilon Note into shares of our common stock). The Second AR Epsilon Note further provides that the outstanding principal balance under the Second AR Epsilon Note and all accrued interest and fees are due and payable upon written demand by Epsilon; provided, that Epsilon agreed not make a demand for payment prior to the earlier of (a) an event of default (as defined in the Second AR Epsilon Note) or (b) a date, which may be no earlier than December 31, 2017, that is at least 60 days subsequent to written notice that MINOSA intends to demand payment.

Upon the closing of the Minosa Purchase Agreement, along with MINOSA, and Penelope Mining LLC, an affiliate of Minosa (“Penelope”), executed and delivered a Second Amended and Restated Waiver and Consent and Amendment No. 5 to Promissory Note and Amendment No. 2 to Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Second AR Waiver”). Pursuant to the Second AR Waiver, Minosa and Penelope consented to the transactions contemplated by the Minosa Purchase Agreement and waived any breach of any representation or warranty and violation of any covenant in the Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 11, 2015, as amended April 10, 2015 (the “SPA”), by and among us, Minosa, and Penelope, arising out of the Company’s execution and delivery of the Minosa Purchase Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby. Pursuant to the Second AR Waiver, we also waived, and agreed not to exercise our right to terminate the SPA pursuant to Section 8.1(c)(ii) thereto, both (a) until after the earlier of (i) July 1, 2018, (ii) the date that MINOSA fails, refuses, or declines to fund (or otherwise does not

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fund) any subsequent loan under the Minosa Purchase Agreement and (iii) demand is made for repayment of all or any part of the indebtedness outstanding under the Minosa Note, the Second AR Epsilon Note, or the Promissory Note, dated as of March 11, 2015, as amended (the “SPA Note”), in the principal amount of $14.75 million that was issued by us to MINOSA under the SPA, and (b) unless on or prior to such termination, the Notes are paid in full.

The Second AR Waiver (x) further provides that following any conversion of the indebtedness evidenced by the Minosa Note, Penelope may elect to reduce its commitment to purchase our preferred stock under the SPA by the amount of indebtedness converted by MINOSA and (y) amends the SPA Note to provide that the outstanding principal balance under the SPA Note and all accrued interest and fees are due and payable upon written demand by MINOSA; provided, that Minosa agreed not make a demand for payment prior to the earlier of (a) an event of default (as defined in the Minosa Note) or (b) a date, which may be no earlier than December 31, 2017, that is at least 60 days subsequent to written notice that Minosa intends to demand payment.

The obligations under the Minosa Note may be accelerated upon the occurrence of specified events of default including (a) our failure to pay any amount payable under the Minosa Note on the date due and payable; (b) our failure to perform or observe any term, covenant, or agreement in the Minosa Note or the related documents, subject to a five-day cure period; (c) the occurrence and expiration of all applicable grace periods, if any, of an event of default or material breach by us under any of the other loan documents; (d) the termination of the SPA; (e) commencement of certain specified dissolution, liquidation, insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization, or similar cases or actions by or against us, in specified circumstances unless dismissed or stayed within 60 days; (f) the entry of a judgment or award against us in excess of $100,000; and (g) the occurrence of a change in control (as defined in the Minosa Note).

Pursuant to second amended and restated pledge agreements (the “Second AR Pledge Agreements”) entered into by us in favor of MINOSA, we pledged and granted security interests to MINOSA in (a) the 54 million cuotas (a unit of ownership under Panamanian law) of Oceanica held by us, (b) all notes and other receivables from Oceanica and its subsidiary owed to us, and (c) all of the outstanding equity in our wholly owned subsidiary, Odyssey Marine Enterprises, Ltd.

In connection with the execution and delivery of the Minosa Purchase Agreement, Odyssey and MINOSA entered into a second amended and restated registration rights agreement (the “Second AR Registration Rights Agreement”) pursuant to which Odyssey agreed to register the offer and sale of the shares (the “Conversion Shares”) of our common stock issuable upon the conversion of the indebtedness evidenced by the Minosa Note. Subject to specified limitations set forth in the Second AR Registration Rights Agreement, including that we are eligible to use Form S-3, the holder of the Minosa Note can require us to register the offer and sale of the Conversion Shares if the aggregate offering price thereof (before any underwriting discounts and commissions) is not less than $3.0 million. In addition, we agreed to file a registration statement relating to the offer and sale of the Conversion Shares on a continuous basis promptly (but in no event later than 60 days after) after the conversion of the Minosa Note into the Conversion Shares and to thereafter use its reasonable best efforts to have such registration statement declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Note 7 – Monaco 2018

During the period ended March 31, 2018, Monaco advanced us $1.0 million that was included in a loan agreement that was executed on April 20, 2018. Monaco also agreed to treat $99,366 of back rent owed by us to Monaco as part of this loan resulting in an aggregate principal amount of $1,099,366 at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. The indebtedness bears interest at 10.0% percent per year. All principal and any unpaid interest are payable on the first anniversary of this agreement, April 20, 2019. This debt is secured by cash proceeds, if any, from our future shipwreck projects we have contracted with Magellan. As additional consideration, their share purchase option expiration date, as discussed in Note 1 – Monaco 2014 and Note 2 – Monaco 2016 above, has been extended from 30 days to seven months after the note becomes paid in full. For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, interest expense in the amount of $34,827 and $31,483, respectively, was recorded. For the nine-months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, interest expense in the amount of $102,621 and $91,182, respectively, was recorded.

Note 8 – Promissory note

On July 12, 2018, we entered into a Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with two individuals (the “Lenders”), one of whom holds in excess of 5.0% of our outstanding common stock. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Lenders agreed to lend an aggregate of $1,050,000 to us, which was advanced in three tranches on July 12, 2018, $500,000, August 17, 2018, $300,000 and October 4, 2018, $250,000. The indebtedness is evidenced by secured convertible promissory notes (the “Notes”) and bears interest at a rate equal to 8.0% per annum. Unless otherwise converted as described below, the entire outstanding principal balance under the Notes and all accrued interest and fees are due and payable on July 12, 2019. See “Term Extension (July 8, 2019)” below.

At any time after to the first to occur of (a) a sale by us of additional Notes or (b) September 12, 2018, the Lenders have the right to convert all amounts outstanding under the Notes into either (x) shares of our common stock at the conversion rate of $8.00 per share, (y) $500,000 of the indebtedness owed by Exploraciones Oceanicas S. de R. L. de C.V. (“ExO”) to Oceanica Marine Operations, S.R.L. (“OMO”), or (z) a 7.5% interest in Aldama Mining Company, S. de R. L. de C.V. (“Aldama”). We indirectly hold a controlling interest in ExO; OMO and Aldama are indirect, wholly owned subsidiaries of ours.

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In connection with the issuance and sale of the Notes, we issued warrants to purchase common stock (the “Warrants”) to the Lenders. The Lenders may exercise the Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 65,625 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $12.00 per share. The Warrants are exercisable during the period commencing on the date on which the Notes are converted into shares of our common stock and ending on July 12, 2021.

Pursuant to a Pledge Agreement, dated as of July 12, 2018 (the “Pledge Agreement”), our obligations under the Notes are secured by a pledge of a portion of Odyssey’s ownership interest in Aldama and another entity.

Pursuant to a Registration Rights Agreement (the “Rights Agreement”) among us and the Lenders, we granted the Lenders “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to the shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes and the exercise of the Warrants.

The Purchase Agreement, the Notes, the Warrants, the Pledge Agreement, and the Rights Agreement include representations and warranties and other covenants, conditions, and other provisions customary for comparable transactions.

We have accounted for this transaction as a financing transaction, wherein the net proceeds received were allocated to the financial instruments issued. Prior to making the accounting allocation, we evaluated the transaction for proper classification under ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”), ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”).

We determined that the debt achieved conventional convertible status and that the equity conversion option was in the money at inception which required the calculation of a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”). The fair value of the warrants and BCF component exceeded the amount of proceeds, therefore, they were limited to the cash proceeds of $1,050,000 at December 31, 2018. As a result, there was no value allocated to the debt at inception. The debt was being accreted to face value over its term using the effective interest method. The face value of this debt was $1.05 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019. For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, interest expense in the amount of $24,782 and $22,877, respectively, was recorded. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, interest expense in the amount of $72,366 and $66,569, respectively, was recorded.

Term Extension (July 8, 2019)

On July 8, 2019, Odyssey and the Lenders entered into a Second Amendment to Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement and Note and Warrant Modification Agreement (the “Second Amendment”) pursuant to which certain terms and provisions of the Notes and Warrants were amended or otherwise modified. The material terms and provisions that were amended or otherwise modified are as follows:

| • |  | the maturity date of the Notes was extended by one year, to July 12, 2020 (the parties are currently in discussions to further extend the maturity date of the Notes);

| • |  | the conversion rate of the Notes and the exercise price of the Warrants were modified to $5.756, which represented the “market price” of Odyssey’s common stock as of July 7, 2019, the day before the Second Amendment was signed;

| • |  | the Notes are unsecured;

| • |  | the Notes are convertible only into shares of Odyssey common stock; and

| • |  | the modified Warrants are exercisable at any time until July 8, 2024 to purchase an aggregate of 196,135 shares of our common stock.

We evaluated the amendment’s impact on the accounting for the Note in accordance with ASC 470-50-40-6 through 12 to determine whether extinguishment accounting was appropriate. The modification had a cash flow effect on a present value basis of less than 10%. However, the reduction in the conversion price resulted in a change in the fair value of the embedded conversion option that was more than 10% of the carrying value of the Note immediately prior to the modification. Because the amendment resulted in a substantial modification, extinguishment accounting was required, and we recorded a loss on the extinguishment of debt of $290,024. The extinguishment accounting resulted in a fair value reacquisition price of this debt of $1,340,024. The premium of $290,024 was being amortized over the remaining life of the debt. The warrant modification was treated as an inducement to extend the debt therefore the fair value of the warrants of $868,878 was a period expense and charged to interest expense with an offset to equity.

Term Extension (August 14, 2020)

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On August 14, 2020, we entered into a Third Amendment to Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement and Note and Warrant Modification Agreement (the “Third Amendment”) with the Lenders. Certain terms and provisions of the Notes were modified, and we issued a new warrant to purchase common stock to each of the Lenders as consideration for them entering into the Third Amendment. The warrants have an exercise price of $4.67 and are exercisable any time until August 14, 2023. Material terms and provisions that were amended or otherwise modified are as follows:

| • |  | the maturity date of the Notes was extended by one year, to July 12, 2021 and

| • |  | the conversion rate of the Notes was modified to $4.67.

As of August 14, 2020, the aggregate amount of indebtedness outstanding under the Notes was $1,232,846. As amended by the Third Amendment, the Notes are convertible into an aggregate of 263,993 shares of our common stock, and the new Warrants are exercisable to purchase an aggregate of 131,996 shares of our common stock for $4.67 per share.

The modification of the Notes and the issuance of the warrants, were evaluated under ASC 470-50-40, “Debt Modification and Extinguishments.” By applying the guidance, the Notes were determined to be substantially different and the transaction qualified for extinguishment accounting. As a result, we recorded a loss on extinguishment of approximately $777,500, which included the fair value of the warrants given as consideration for the modification. The premium of $358,497 is being amortized over the remaining life of the debt. The related amortization for the three and nine-months ended September 30, 2020 was $78,050 and $217,028, respectively.

Note 9 – Litigation Financing

On June 14, 2019, Odyssey and Exploraciones Oceánicas S. de R.L. de C.V., our Mexican subsidiary (“ExO” and, together with Odyssey, the “Claimholder”), and Poplar Falls LLC (the “Funder”) entered into an International Claims Enforcement Agreement (the “Agreement”), pursuant to which the Funder agreed to provide financial assistance to the Claimholder to facilitate the prosecution and recovery of the claim by the Claimholder against the United Mexican States under Chapter Eleven of the North American Free Trade Agreement (“NAFTA”) for violations of the Claimholder’s rights under NAFTA related to the development of an undersea phosphate deposit off the coast of Baja Sur, Mexico (the “Project”), on our own behalf and on behalf of ExO and United Mexican States (the “Subject Claim”). Pursuant to the Agreement, the Funder agreed to specified fees and expenses regarding the Subject Claim (the “Claims Payments”) incrementally and at the Funder’s sole discretion.

Under the terms of the Agreement, the Funder agreed to make Claims Payments in an aggregate amount not to exceed $6,500,000 (the “Maximum Investment Amount”). The Maximum Investment Amount will be made available to the Claimholder in two phases, as set forth below:

| (a) | a first phase, in which the Funder shall make Claims Payments in an aggregate amount no greater than $1,500,000 for the payment of antecedent and ongoing costs (“Phase I Investment Amount”); and

| (b) | a second phase, in which the Funder shall make Claims Payments in an aggregate amount no greater than $5,000,000 for the purposes of pursuing the Subject Claim to a final award (“Phase II Investment Amount”).

Upon exhaustion of the Phase I Investment Amount, the Claimholder will have the option to request Tranche A of the Phase II Investment Amount, consisting of funding up to $3.5 million (“Tranche A Committed Amount”). Upon exhaustion of the Tranche A Committed Amount, the Claimholder will have the option to request Tranche B of the Phase II Investment Amount, consisting of funding of up to $1.5 million (“Tranche B Committed Amount”). The Claimholder must exercise its option to receive the Tranche A Committed Amount in writing, no less than thirty days before submitting a Funding Request to the Funder under Tranche A. The Claimholder must exercise its option to receive the Tranche B Committed Amount in writing within forty-five days after the exhaustion of the Tranche A Committed Amount. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Claimholder agreed that, upon exercising the Claimholder’s option to receive funds under Phase I, Tranche A of Phase II, or Tranche B of Phase II, the Funder will be the sole source of third-party funding for the specified fees and expenses of the Subject Claim under each respective phase and tranche covered by the option exercised, and the Claimholder will obtain funding for such fees and expenses only as set forth in the Agreement. The Funder was due closing fee of $80,000 for the Phase I Investment Amount, and $80,000 for the Phase II Investment Amount to pay third parties in connection with due diligence and other administrative and transaction costs incurred by the Funder prior to and in furtherance of execution of the Agreement.

Upon the Funder making Claims Payments to the Claimholder or its designees in an aggregate amount equal to the Maximum Investment Amount, the Funder has the option to continue funding the specified fees and expenses in relation to the Subject Claim on the same terms and conditions provided in the Agreement. The Funder must exercise its option to continue funding in writing, within thirty days after the Funder has made Claims Payments in an aggregate amount equal to the Maximum Investment Amount. If the Funder exercises its option to continue funding, the parties agreed to attempt in good faith to amend the Agreement to provide the Funder with the right to provide at the Funder’s discretion funding in excess of the Maximum Investment Amount,

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in an amount up to the greatest amount that may then be reasonably expected to be committed for investment in Subject Claim. If the Funder declines to exercise its option, the Claimholder may negotiate and enter into agreements with one or more third parties to provide funding, which shall be subordinate to the Funder’s rights under the Agreement.

The Agreement provides that the Claimholder may at any time without the consent of the Funder either settle or refuse to settle the Subject Claim for any amount; provided, however, that if the Claimholder settles the Subject Claim without the Funder’s consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned, or delayed, the value of the Recovery Percentage (as defined below) will be deemed to be the greater of (a) the Recovery Percentage (under Phase I or Phase II, as applicable), or (b) the total amount of all Claims Payments made in connection with such Subject Claim multiplied by three (3).

If the Claimholder ceases the Subject Claim for any reason other than (a) a full and final arbitral award against the Claimholder or (b) a full and final monetary settlement of the claims, including in particular, for a grant of an environmental permit to the Claimholder allowing it to proceed with the Project (with or without a monetary component), all Claims Payments under Phase I and, if Claimholder has exercised the corresponding option, the Tranche A Committed Amount and Tranche B Committed Amount, shall immediately convert to a senior secured liability of the Claimholder. This sum shall incur an annualized internal rate of return (IRR) of 50.0% retroactive to the date each Funding Request was paid by the Funder (under Phase I), or, to the conversion date for the Tranche A Committed Amount and Tranche B Committed Amount of Phase II if the Claimholder has exercised the respective option (collectively, the “Conversion Amount”). Such Conversion Amount and any and all accrued IRR shall be payable in-full by the Claimholder within 24 months of the date of such conversion, after which time any outstanding Conversion Amounts, shall accrue an (IRR) of 100.0%, retroactive to the conversion date (the “Penalty Interest Amount”). The Claimholder will execute such documents and take other actions as necessary to grant the Funder a senior security interest on and over all sums due and owing by the Claimholder in order to secure its obligation to pay the Conversion Amount to the Funder. If the Claimholder ceases the Subject Claim due to the grant of an environmental permit (with or without a monetary component), all Claims Payments under Phase 1 and, if the Claimholder has exercised the corresponding option, the Tranche A Committed Amount and Tranche B Committed Amount shall immediately convert to a senior secured liability of the Claimholder and shall incur an annualized an IRR of 50.0% on the Conversion Amount, from the conversion date. Management has estimated it is more likely than not the Subject Claim will result in the issuance of the environmental permit requiring us to record interest under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. Reliance should not be placed on this estimate in determining the likely outcome of the Subject Claim.

If, at any time after exercising its option to receive funds under either Tranche A or Tranche B of Phase II, the Claimholder wishes to fund the Subject Claim with its own capital (“Self-Funding”) (which excludes any Claims Payments made, either directly or indirectly, by any other third party), the Claimholder shall immediately pay to the Funder the Conversion Amount, provided that this requirement shall not apply if, after the Funder has made Claims Payments in an aggregate amount equal to the Maximum Investment Amount, the Funder does not exercise its option to provide Follow-On Funding.

In the event of any receipt of proceeds resulting from the Subject Claim (“Proceeds”), the Funder shall be entitled to any additional sums above the Conversion Amount to which the Funder is entitled as described below. Should the Claimholder cease the Subject Claim as described above after Self-Funding the Claim, accrued IRR and Penalty Interest shall be calculated and paid to the Funder as set forth above. The Funder’s rights to the Recovery Percentage as defined below shall survive any decision by Claimholder to utilize Self-Funding. The parties acknowledge this Agreement constitutes a sale of the right to a portion of the Proceeds (if any) arising from the Subject Claim as set forth in this Agreement. The Claimholder has relinquished its right to the portion of the proceeds, if any, that the Funder would have the right to as described below. This sale of proceeds is being accounted for under the guidance of ASC 470-10-25 Recognition (Sales of Future Revenues)

On each Distribution Date, distributions of the Proceeds shall be made to the Claimholder and the Funder in accordance with subparagraph (a) or (b) below (the “Recovery Percentage”), as applicable:

(a) If the Claimholder receives only the Phase I Investment Amount from the Funder, the first Proceeds shall be distributed as follows:

| (i) | first, 100.0% to the Funder, until the cumulative amount distributed to the Funder equals the total Claims Payments paid by the Funder under Phase I;

| (ii) | second, 100.0% to the Funder until the cumulative amount distributed to the Funder equals an IRR of 20% of Claims Payments paid by the Funder under Phase I (“Phase I Compensation”), per annum; and

| (iii) | thereafter, 100.0% to the Claimholder.

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| (b) | If the Claimholder exercises its options to receive Tranche A or both Tranche A and Tranche B of the Phase II Investment Amount, the first Proceeds shall be distributed as follows:

| (i) | first, 100.0% to the Funder until the cumulative amount distributed to the Funder equals the total Claims Payments paid by the Funder under Phases I and II;

| (ii) | second, 100.0% to the Funder until the cumulative amount distributed to the Funder equals an additional 300.0% of Phase I Investment Amount; plus an additional 300% of the Tranche A Committed Amount (i.e. 300.0% of $3.5 million), less any amounts remaining of the Tranche A Committed Amount that the Funder did not pay as Claims Payments; plus an additional 300.0% of the Tranche B Committed Amount (i.e. 300.0% of $1.5 million), if the Claimholder exercises the Tranche B funding option, less any amounts remaining of the Tranche B Committed Amount that the Funder did not pay as Claims Payments;

| (iii) | third, for each $10,000 in specified fees and expenses paid by the Funder under Phase I and Phase II and any amounts over each $10,000 of the Tranche A Committed Amount and the Tranche B Committed Amount (if the Claimholder exercises the Tranche B funding option), 0.01% of the total Proceeds from any recoveries after repayment of (i) and (ii) above, to the Funder; and

| (iv) | thereafter, 100% to the Claimholder.

The Agreement provides that if no Proceeds are ever paid to or received by the Claimholder or its representatives and if the environmental permit is not issued, the Funder shall have no right of recourse or right of action against the Claimholder or its representatives, or any of their respective property, assets, or undertakings, except as otherwise specifically contemplated by the Agreement. If (a) Proceeds are paid to or received by the Claimholder or its representatives; (b) such Proceeds are promptly applied and/or distributed by the Claimholder or on behalf of the Claimholder in accordance with the terms of the Agreement; and (c) the amount received by the Funder as a result thereof is not sufficient to pay all of the Recovery Percentage and all of the amounts due to the Funder under the Agreement, then (provided that all of the Proceeds which the Funder will ever be entitled to have been paid to or received by the Funder), the Funder shall have no right of recourse or action against the Claimholder or its Representatives, or any of their property, assets, or undertakings, except as otherwise specifically contemplated by the Agreement. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Claimholder acknowledged the Funder’s priority right, title, and interest in any Proceeds, including against any available collateral to secure its obligations under the Agreement, which security interest shall be first in priority as against all other security interests in the Proceeds. The Claimholder also acknowledged and agreed to execute and authorize the filing of a financing statement or similar and to take such other actions in such jurisdictions as the Funder, in its sole discretion, deems necessary and appropriate to perfect such security interest. The Agreement also includes representations and warranties, covenants, conditions, termination and indemnification provisions, and other provisions customary for comparable arrangements.

Amendment (January 31, 2020)

On January 31, 2020, Odyssey and the Funder entered into an Amended and Restated International Claims Enforcement Agreement (the “Restated Agreement”). The material terms and provisions that were amended or otherwise modified are as follows:

| • |  | The Funder has agreed to advance Odyssey up to $2.2 million in Arbitration Support Funds for the purpose of paying the Claimholder’s litigation support costs in connection with Subject Claim;

| • |  | A closing fee of $200,000 has been retained by the Funder in connection with due diligence and other transaction costs incurred by the Funder;

| • |  | A warrant was issued to purchase our common stock which is exercisable for a period of five years beginning on the earlier of (a) the date on which the Claimholder ceases the Subject Claim for any reason other than a full and final arbitral award against the Claimholder or a full and final monetary settlement of the claims or (b) the date on which Proceeds are received and deposited into escrow. The exercise price per share is $3.99, and the Funder can exercise the warrant to purchase the number of share of our common stock equal to the dollar amount of Arbitration Support Funds provided to us pursuant to the Restated Agreement divided by the exercise price per share (subject to customary adjustments and limitations); and

| • |  | All other terms in the Restated Agreement are substantially the same as in the original Agreement

As of September 30, 2020, the Funder had provided us with $2.0 million of the Arbitration Support Funds, and we incurred $200,000 in related fees which were treated as an additional advance. Upon each funding, the proceeds are allocated between debt and equity for the warrants based on the relative fair value of the two instruments. As a result, there was a debt discount of $1,063,811 which is being amortized over the expected remaining term of the agreement using the effective interest method which is charged to interest expense. For the three months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, interest expense in the amount of $1,052,726 and $67,998, respectively, was recorded. For the nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, interest expense in the amount of $2,399,154 and $88,747, respectively, was recorded. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020, we recorded $59,849 and $100,402 of interest expense from the amortization of the debt discount, respectively. The September 30, 2020 carrying value is net of unamortized debt fees of $165,957 as well as the net unamortized debt discount of $946,693 associated with the fair value of the warrants. The total face value of this obligation at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $9,081,787 and $2,957,097, respectively.

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While the warrants only become exercisable upon the occurrence of future events, they are considered issued for accounting purposes and were valued using a binomial lattice model. The expected volatility assumption was based on the historical volatility of our common stock. The expected life assumption was primarily based on management’s expectations of when the Warrants will become exercisable and the risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the warrant is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of measurement.

Note 10 – 37North

On December 6, 2019, we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with 37North Capital SPV 11, LLC (the “Investor”) pursuant to which the Investor agreed to lend, in one or more transactions (each, a “Loan”), up to an aggregate of $2.0 million to us, subject to the terms and conditions of the Purchase Agreement. On December 10, 2019, the Investor made a Loan to us in the amount of $539,000 pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. An additional Loan of $490,000 was made in the first quarter of 2020. Each Loan is evidenced by a separate convertible promissory note (each, a “Note”). Unless otherwise converted as described below, the entire outstanding amount of all Loans was originally due and payable on June 6, 2020 but the maturity date was subsequently extended to November 6, 2020 (the “Maturity Date”).

At any time and from time to time until the three-month anniversary of the Maturity Date, all or any portion of the outstanding amount of each Note may, at the Investor’s election, be converted into shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Conversion Shares”). The number of Conversion Shares to be issued upon any conversion shall be equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the Applicable Conversion Amount (as defined below) by the Applicable Conversion Rate (as defined below). As defined in the Purchase Agreement, the “Applicable Conversion Amount” means, on the date of determination and with respect to each Note, (a) for the period beginning on the date of issuance and ending on the day immediately preceding the Maturity Date, an amount equal to 100.0% of the amount of the Loan evidenced by such Note then outstanding; (b) on the Maturity Date, 136.0% of the amount of the Loan evidenced by such Note then outstanding (such amount, the “Enhanced Conversion Amount”); (c) for the period beginning on the day immediately following the Maturity Date and for a period of three months thereafter (such three-month period, the “Accrual Period”), an amount equal to (i) the Enhanced Conversion Amount then outstanding plus (ii) an additional amount equal to 3.0% per month (prorated for any period of less than a full month) accrued on the amount described in clause (i); and (d) on any date after the Accrual Period, the amount then outstanding after giving effect to the accrual described in clause (c) during the Accrual Period (it being understood that no additional amount shall accrue after the expiration of the Accrual Period); and “Applicable Conversion Rate” means (x) with respect to any conversion on or prior to the Maturity Date, $5.00, and (y) with respect to any conversion after the Maturity Date, the lower of (i) $5.00 and (ii) 80.0% of the ten-day volume-weighted average price of Odyssey’s common stock. Notwithstanding anything in the Purchase Agreement to the contrary, we are prohibited from issuing any Conversion Shares, to the extent such shares, after giving effect to such issuance after conversion and when added to the number of Conversion Shares previously issued upon conversion of any of the Notes sold pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, would represent in excess of 19.9% of (A) the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such issuances or (B) the total voting power of our securities outstanding immediately after giving effect to such issuances that are entitled to vote on a matter being voted on by holders of our common stock. On May 6, 2020, Odyssey and the Investor agreed to amend the Purchase Agreement to additionally provide that, notwithstanding anything in the Purchase Agreement to the contrary, Odyssey is prohibited from issuing any Conversion Shares, to the extent such shares, after giving effect to such issuance after conversion and when added to the number of Conversion Shares previously issued upon conversion of any of the Notes sold pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, would represent in excess of 19.9% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of December 6, 2019. The maturity date was also extended to November 6, 2020. During July 2020, the lender converted $0.1 million of debt into 30,000 shares of our common stock at conversion rate of $3.71 per share. During September 2020, the lender converted an additional $0.4 million of debt into 82,338 shares of our common stock at a conversion rate of $4.86 per share.

If, at any time prior to the Maturity Date, (a) we receive cash proceeds (the “Shipwreck Proceeds”) arising out of our salvage agreement relating to cargo recovered from a specified shipwreck, and (ii) the amount of the Shipwreck Proceeds equals at least 155.0% of the then-unpaid amount of all Loans, then we must repay in full the indebtedness outstanding under all the Notes by delivery of an amount equal to 155.0% of the then-unpaid amount of all Loans. In addition, at any time prior to the Maturity Date, we may repay all (but not less than all) of the then-unpaid amount of all Loans by delivery of an amount equal to 155.0% of the then-unpaid amount of all Loans; provided, that we must provide the Investor at least ten days’ notice of our intention to repay the indebtedness.

The Purchase Agreement and the Notes issued by Odyssey on December 10, 2019 and January 29, 2020, include representations and warranties and other covenants, conditions, and other provisions customary for comparable transactions.

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We evaluated the Notes in accordance with ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and determined that they contain certain embedded derivatives whose economic risks and characteristics were not clearly and closely related to the risks of the host contract. The material embedded derivative features consisted of the embedded conversion option and contingent redemption provisions. The Company elected to initially and subsequently measure the Notes in their entirety at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. FASB ASC 825-10-25 allows us to elect the fair value option for recording financial instruments when they are initially recognized or if there is an event that requires re-measurement of the instruments at fair value, such as a significant modification of the debt.

Because the Notes are carried in their entirety at fair value, the value of the compound embedded conversion feature is embodied in that fair value. The Company estimates the fair value of the hybrid instrument based on a probability weighted analysis which considers the present value of the cash flows using a credit risk adjusted rate enhanced by the redemption feature and the value of the conversion option valued using a Monte Carlo model. This method was considered by management to be the most appropriate method of encompassing the credit risk and exercise behavior that a market participant would consider when valuing the hybrid financial instrument. Inputs used to value the hybrid instrument at September 30, 2020 included, (i) present value of future cash flows using a credit risk adjusted rate of 18%, (ii) remaining term of approximately 1.2 months, (iii) volatility of 87%, (iv) closing stock price on the valuation date, and (v) the conversion price based on the lesser of $5.00 or 80% of the 10 day VWAP. Material changes due to instrument-specific credit risk are recorded in Other Comprehensive Income with all other changes in value being recorded in net income.

The fair value of the hybrid instrument was $861,485 as of December 31, 2019. The fair value of all the outstanding hybrid instruments were revalued at $960,800 as of September 30, 2020, resulting from additional proceeds of $490,000, conversions resulting in a reduction in fair value of $1,066,219, and a change in the fair value of the derivative liability of $250,319 for the three-months ended September 30, 2020 and $675,534 for the nine-months ended September 30, 2020.

Note 11 – Payroll protection program

We applied to Fifth Third Bancorp (“Fifth Third”) under the Small Business Administration (the “SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act of 2020 (the “CARES Act”) for a loan of $370,400 (the “Loan”), and the Loan was made on April 16, 2020. The proceeds of the Loan were used to cover payroll costs, rent and utilities in accordance with the relevant terms and conditions of the CARES Act.

The Loan, which is evidenced by promissory note issued by us (the “Promissory Note”), has a two-year term, matures on April 16, 2022, and bears interest at a rate of 0.98% per annum. Monthly principal and interest payments, less the amount of any potential forgiveness (discussed below), will commence seven months from the month this Note is dated. We did not provide any collateral or guarantees for the Loan, nor did we pay any facility charge to obtain the Loan. The Promissory Note provides for customary events of default, including, among others, those relating to failure to make payment, bankruptcy, breaches of representations and material adverse effects. Odyssey may prepay the principal of the Loan at any time without incurring any prepayment charges. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, we recorded interest expense in the amount of $936 and $1,708, respectively.

The Loan may be forgiven partially or fully if the Loan proceeds are used for covered payroll costs, rent and utilities, provided that such amounts are incurred during the eight-week period that commenced on April 16, 2020, and at least 75% of any forgiven amount has been used for covered payroll costs. During June 2020, the 75% requirement was reduced to 60% and the eight-week period was amended to a 24 week period. Any forgiveness of the Loan will be subject to approval by the SBA and Fifth Third and will require us to apply for such treatment in the future.

Note 12 – Emergency Injury Disaster Loan

On June 26, 2020, we executed the standard loan documents required for securing an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (the “EIDL Loan”) from the United States Small Business Administration (the “SBA”). The principal amount of the EIDL Loan is $149,900, with proceeds to be used for working capital purposes. Interest on the EIDL Loan accrues at the rate of 3.75% per annum and installment payments, including principal and interest of $731, are due monthly beginning twelve months from the date of the EIDL Loan. The balance of principal and interest is payable thirty years from the date of the promissory note. In connection with the EIDL Loan, the Company executed the EIDL Loan documents, which include the SBA Secured Disaster Loan Note, dated May 16, 2020, the Loan Authorization and Agreement, dated May 16, 2020, and the Security Agreement, dated May 16, 2020, each between the SBA and the Company.

NOTE J – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

Common Stock

On July 9, 2019, we acquired a 79.9% interest in Bismarck Mining Corporation (PNG) Limited (“Bismarck”), a Papua New Guinea company (see NOTE E). The consideration we paid to the seller for Bismarck was 249,584 shares of our common stock.

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On August 21, 2020, we sold an aggregate of 2,553,314 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase up to 1,901,989 shares of our common stock. The net proceeds received from sale, after offering expenses of $0.3 million, were $11.3 million. The shares of common stock and warrants were sold in units, with each unit consisting of one share of common stock and a warrant to purchase up to 0.6 shares of common stock. The purchase price for each unit was $4.543. The warrants have an exercise price of $4.75 per share of common stock and are exercisable at any time during the three-year period commencing six months after issuance.

Convertible Preferred Stock

On March 11, 2015, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Penelope Mining LLC (the “Investor”), and, solely with respect to certain provisions of the Purchase Agreement, Minera del Norte, S.A. de C.V. (the “Lender”). The Purchase Agreement provides for the Company to issue and sell to the Investor shares of the Company’s preferred stock in the amounts set forth in the following table (numbers have been adjusted for the February 2016 reverse stock split):

Convertible Preferred Stock |  | Shares |  |  | Price Per Share |  |  | Total Investment |
Series AA-1 |  |  | 8,427,004 |  |  | $ | 12.00 |  |  | $ | 101,124,048 |
Series AA-2 |  |  | 7,223,145 |  |  | $ | 6.00 |  |  |  | 43,338,870 |
|  |  | 15,650,149 |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 144,462,918 |

The Investor’s option to purchase the Series AA-2 shares is subject to the closing price of the Common Stock on the NASDAQ market having been greater than or equal to $15.12 per share for a period of twenty (20) consecutive business days on which the NASDAQ market is open.

The closing of the sale and issuance of shares of the Company’s preferred stock to the Investor is subject to certain conditions, including the Company’s receipt of required approvals from the Company’s stockholders, the receipt of regulatory approval, performance by the Company of its obligations under the Stock Purchase Agreement, the listing of the underlying common stock on the NASDAQ Stock Market and the Investor’s satisfaction, in its sole discretion, with the viability of certain undersea mining projects of the Company. This transaction received stockholders’ approval on June 9, 2015. Completion of the transaction requires amending the Company’s articles of incorporation to (a) effect a reverse stock split, which was done on February 19, 2016, (b) adjusting the Company’s authorized capitalization, which was also done on February 19, 2016, and (c) establishing a classified board of directors (collectively, the “Amendments”). The Amendments have been or will be set forth in certificates of amendment to the Company’s articles of incorporation filed or to be filed with the Nevada Secretary of State.

Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock Designation

The Purchase Agreement provides for the issuance of up to 8,427,004 shares of Series AA-1 Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Series AA-1 Preferred”) and 7,223,145 shares of Series AA-2 Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Series AA-2 Preferred”), subject to stockholder approval which was received on June 9, 2015 and satisfaction of other conditions. Significant terms and conditions of the Series AA Preferred are as follows:

Dividends. If and when the Company declares a dividend and any other distribution (including, without limitation, in cash, in capital stock (which shall include, without limitation, any options, warrants or other rights to acquire capital stock) of the Company, then the holders of each share of Series AA Preferred Stock are entitled to receive, a dividend or distribution in an amount equal to the amount of dividend or distribution received by the holders of common stock for which such share of Series AA Preferred Stock is convertible.

Liquidation Preference. The Liquidation Preference on each share of Series AA Preferred Stock is its Stated Value plus accretion at the rate of 8% per annum compounded on each December 31 from the date of issue of such share until the date such share is converted. For any accretion period which is less than a full year, the Liquidation Preference shall accrete in an amount to be computed on the basis of a 360-day year of twelve 30-day months and the actual number of days elapsed.

Voting Rights. The holders of Series AA Preferred will be entitled to one vote for each share of common stock into which the Series AA Preferred is convertible and will be entitled to notice of meetings of stockholders.

Conversion Rights. At any time after the Preferred Shares have been issued, any holder of shares of Series AA Preferred may convert any or all of the shares of preferred stock into one fully paid and non-assessable share of Common Stock.

Adjustments to Conversion Rights. If Odyssey pays a dividend or makes a distribution on its common stock in shares of common stock, subdivides its outstanding common stock into a greater number of shares, or combines its outstanding common stock into a smaller number of shares, or if there is a reorganization, or a merger or consolidation of Odyssey with or into any other

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entity which results in a conversion, exchange, or cancellation of the common stock, or a sale of all or substantially all of Odyssey’s assets, then the conversion rights described above will be adjusted appropriately so that each holder of Series AA Preferred will receive the securities or other consideration the holder would have received if the holder’s Series AA Preferred had been converted before the happening of the event. The conversion price in effect from time to time is also subject to downward adjustment if we issue or sell shares of common stock for a purchase price less than the conversion price or if we issue or sell shares convertible into or exercisable for shares of common stock with a conversion price or exercise price less than the conversion price for the Series AA Preferred.

Accounting considerations

As stated above, the issuance of the Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock is subject to certain contingencies. No accounting treatment determination is required until these contingencies are met and the Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock has been issued. However, we have analyzed the instrument to determine the proper accounting treatment that will be necessary once the instruments have been issued.

ASC 480 generally requires liability classification for financial instruments that are certain to be redeemed, represent obligations to purchase shares of stock or represent obligations to issue a variable number of common shares. We concluded that the Series AA Preferred was not within the scope of ASC 480 because none of the three conditions for liability classification was present.

ASC 815 generally requires the analysis of embedded terms and features that have characteristics of derivatives to be evaluated for bifurcation and separate accounting in instances where their economic risks and characteristics are not clearly and closely related to the risks of the host contract. However, in order to perform this analysis, we were first required to evaluate the economic risks and characteristics of the Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock in its entirety as being either akin to equity or akin to debt. Our evaluation concluded that the Series AA Convertible Preferred Stock was more akin to an equity-like contract largely due to the fact that most of its features were participatory in nature. As a result, we concluded that the embedded conversion feature is clearly and closely related to the host equity contract and will not require bifurcation and liability classification.

The option to purchase the Series AA-2 Convertible Preferred Stock was analyzed as a freestanding financial instruments and has terms and features of derivative financial instruments. However, in analyzing this instrument under applicable guidance it was determined that it is both (i) indexed to the Company’s stock and (ii) meet the conditions for equity classification.

Warrants

In conjunction with the Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement related to Note 8 – Operating loan 2018 in NOTE I, we originally issued warrants to purchase an aggregate of 65,625 shares of common stock in connection with the notes that were issued. These warrants had an expiration date of July 21, 2021. These warrants had an exercise price of $12.00 and were exercisable to purchase 65,625 shares of our common stock. On July 8, 2019 we entered into a Second Amendment to Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement and Warrant Modification Agreement. As a result, the lenders now hold warrants to purchase an aggregate of 196,135 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $5.756 per share. These warrants are exercisable at any time until July 12, 2024. On August 14, 2020, this loan was modified and extended to July 12, 2021. In conjunction with the extension, the lenders received warrants to purchase an aggregate of 131,996 shares of our common stock at 4.67 per share of common. These warrants expire on August 14, 2023.

Included in the Restated Agreement as described in NOTE I, Note 9 – Litigation financing, during the nine-months ended September 30, 2019, we issued a warrant allowing the lender to purchase up to 551,378 shares of our common stock at $3.99. The warrant is contingently exercisable and will become exercisable on the date on which the we cease the Subject Claim for any reason other than (i) a full and final arbitral award against the Claimholder or (ii) a full and final monetary settlement of the claims or the date on which Proceeds are deposited into the Escrow Account. The warrant has a five-year life that commences on the date it becomes exercisable.

In conjunction with our sale of shares common stock and warrants on August 21, 2020 as described above in Note J, we issued warrants to purchase up to 1,901,989 shares of our common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $4.75 per share and are exercisable at any time during the three-year period commencing six months after issuance.

Stock-Based Compensation

We have three stock incentive plans. The first is the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan that expired in August 2015. After the expiration of this plan, equity instruments cannot be granted but this plan will continue in effect until all outstanding awards have been exercised in full or are no longer exercisable and all equity instruments have vested or been forfeited.

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On June 9, 2015, our stockholders approved our 2015 Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) that was adopted by our Board of Directors (the “Board”) on January 2, 2015, which is the effective date. The plan expires on the tenth anniversary of the effective date. The Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and stock appreciation rights. This plan was initially capitalized with 450,000 shares that may be granted. The Plan is intended to comply with Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code, which stipulates that the maximum aggregate number of Shares with respect to one or more Awards that may be granted to any one person during any calendar year shall be 83,333, and the maximum aggregate amount of cash that may be paid in cash to any person during any calendar year with respect to one or more Awards payable in cash shall be $2,000,000. The original maximum number of shares that were to be used for Incentive Stock Options (“ISO”) under the Plan was 450,000. During our June 2016 stockholders meeting, the stockholders approved the addition of 200,000 incremental shares to the Plan. With respect to each grant of an ISO to a participant who is not a ten percent stockholder, the exercise price shall not be less than the fair market value of a share on the date the ISO is granted. With respect to each grant of an ISO to a participant who is a ten percent stockholder, the exercise price shall not be less than one hundred ten percent (110%) of the fair market value of a share on the date the ISO is granted. If an award is a non-qualified stock option (“NQSO”), the exercise price for each share shall be no less than (1) the minimum price required by applicable state law, or (2) the fair market value of a share on the date the NQSO is granted, whichever price is greatest. Any award intended to meet the performance-based exception must be granted with an exercise price not less than the fair market value of a share determined as of the date of such grant.

On March 26, 2019, our Board of Directors adopted and approved the 2019 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2019 Plan”), which was approved by our stockholders on June 3, 2019. The 2019 Plan expires on June 3, 2029. The 2019 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and stock appreciation rights. The 2019 Plan is capitalized with 800,000 shares that may be granted. No awards were made from the Plan prior to the effective date. The 2019 Plan includes the following features: no “evergreen” share reserve, prohibits liberal share recycling, no repricing permitted without stockholder approval, no stock option reload features, no transfers of awards for value and dividends and dividends equivalent shall accrue and be paid only if and to the extent the common stock underlying the award become vested or payable.

Share-based compensation expense recognized during the period is based on the value of the portion of share-based payment awards that is ultimately expected to vest. As share-based compensation expense recognized in the statement of operations is based on awards ultimately expected to vest, it can be reduced for estimated forfeitures. The ASC topic Stock Compensation requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The share-based compensation charged against income for the three-month period ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, was $105,162 and $4,600, respectively. The share-based compensation charged against income for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2020 and 2019, was $315,486 and $751,996, respectively.

We did not grant stock options to employees or outside directors in the three-months ended September 30, 2020 or 2019. If options were granted, their values would be determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, which values options based on the stock price at the grant date, the expected life of the option, the estimated volatility of the stock, the expected dividend payments, and the risk-free interest rate over the life of the option.

The Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model was developed for estimating the fair value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are fully transferable. Because option valuation models require the use of subjective assumptions, changes in these assumptions can materially affect the fair value of the options. Our options do not have the characteristics of traded options; therefore, the option valuation models do not necessarily provide a reliable measure of the fair value of our options.

NOTE K – CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK

We do not currently have any debt obligations with variable interest rates.

NOTE L – REVENUE PARTICIPATION RIGHTS

The Company’s participating revenue rights consisted of the following at:

|  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | December 31, 2019 |
“Seattle” project |  |  | 62,500 |  |  |  | 62,500 |
Galt Resources, LLC (HMS Victory project) |  |  | 3,756,250 |  |  |  | 3,756,250 |
Total revenue participation rights |  | $ | 3,818,750 |  |  | $ | 3,818,750 |

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“Seattle” project

In a private placement that closed in September 2000, we sold “units” consisting of “Republic” Revenue Participation Certificates and Common Stock. Each $50,000 “unit” entitled the holder to 1% of the gross revenue generated by the now named “Seattle” project (formerly referred to as the “Republic” project), and 100,000 shares of Common Stock. Gross revenue is defined as all cash proceeds payable to us as a result of the “Seattle” project, excluding funds received by us to finance the project.

The participating rights balance will be amortized under the units of revenue method once management can reasonably estimate potential revenue for each of these projects. The RPCs for the “Cambridge” and “Seattle” projects do not have a termination date; therefore, these liabilities will be carried on the books until revenue is recognized from these projects or we permanently abandon either project.

Galt Resources, LLC

In February 2011, we entered into a project syndication deal with Galt Resources LLC (“Galt”) for which they invested $7,512,500 representing rights to future revenues of any one project Galt selected prior to December 31, 2011. If the project is successful and generates sufficient proceeds, Galt will recoup their investment plus three times the investment. Galt’s investment return will be paid out of project proceeds. Galt will receive 50% of project proceeds until this amount is recouped. Thereafter, they will share in additional net proceeds of the project at the rate of 1% for every million invested. Subsequent to the original syndication deal, we reached an agreement permitting Galt to bifurcate their selection between two projects, the SS Gairsoppa and HMS Victory with the residual 1% on additional net proceeds assigned to the HMS Victory project only. The bifurcation resulted in $3,756,250 being allocated to each of the two projects. Therefore, Galt will receive 7.5125% of net proceeds from the HMS Victory project after they recoup their investment of $3,756,250 plus three times the investment. Galt has been paid in full for their share of the Gairsoppa project investment. There are no future payments remaining due to Galt for the Gairsoppa project. Based on the timing of the proceeds earmarked for Galt, the relative corresponding amount of Galt’s revenue participation right of $3,756,250 was amortized into revenue in 2012 based upon the percent of Galt-related proceeds from the sale of silver as a percentage of total proceeds that Galt earned under the revenue participation agreement ($15.0 million). There is no expiration date on the Galt deal for the HMS Victory project. If the archaeological excavation of the shipwreck is performed and insufficient proceeds are obtained, then the deferred income balance will be recognized as other income. If the archaeological excavation of the shipwreck is performed and sufficient proceeds are obtained, then the deferred income balance will be recognized as revenue.

NOTE M – OTHER DEBT

We currently owe a vendor approximately $0.7 million as a trade payable. This trade payable bears a simple annual interest rate of 12%. As collateral, the vendor was granted a primary lien on certain of our equipment. The carrying value of this equipment is zero. This agreement matured in August of 2018. During the period ended June 30, 2018, we sold various marine equipment to Magellan for $1.0 million and the assumption of this vendor’s trade payable and accrued interest, however, we remain as guarantor on this trade payable. Included in this equipment is the equipment noted above the vendor has a primary lien on. The vendor has consented to Magellan’s assumption of this debt but did not release us from our obligations. If Magellan defaults and the vendor forecloses on this equipment currently in possession of Magellan we then have a contingent liability to Magellan in the amount of $0.5 million for two of the key assets.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion will assist in the understanding of our financial condition and results of operations. The information below should be read in conjunction with the financial statements, the related notes to the financial statements and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019.

In addition to historical information, this discussion contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 regarding the Company’s expectations concerning its future operations, earnings and prospects. On the date the forward-looking statements are made, the statements represent the Company’s expectations, but the expectations concerning its future operations, earnings and prospects may change. The Company’s expectations involve risks and uncertainties and are based on many assumptions that the Company believes to be reasonable, but such assumptions may ultimately prove to be inaccurate or incomplete, in whole or in part. Accordingly, there can be no assurances that the Company’s expectations and the forward-looking statements will be correct. Please refer to the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of risk factors that could cause actual results to differ from the expectations stated in this discussion. Odyssey disclaims any obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements except as required by law.

Operational Update

Additional information regarding our announced projects can be found in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Only projects material in nature or with material status updates are discussed below. We may have other projects in various stages of planning or execution that may not be disclosed for security or legal reasons until considered appropriate by management or required by law.

We have numerous marine projects in various stages of development around the world for ourselves and on behalf of clients. In order to protect the targets of our planned survey, environmental, and/or geological operations, we may defer disclosing specific information relating to our projects until we have located mineral deposits or other potentially valuable sources of interest and determined a course of action to protect our property rights and those of our clients. With respect to mineral deposits, SEC Industry Guide 7 outlines the Commission’s basic mining disclosure policy and what information may be disclosed in public filings. If work is conducted on behalf of a client, release of information may be limited by the client.

Subsea Mineral Mining Exploration Projects

Oceanica Resources, S. de R.L.

In February 2013, we disclosed Odyssey’s ownership interest, through Odyssey Marine Enterprises, Ltd., a wholly owned Bahamian company (“Enterprises”), in Oceanica Resources, S. de R.L., a Panamanian company (“Oceanica”), and Exploraciones Oceanicas, S. De R.L. De C.V. (“ExO”), a subsidiary of Oceanica. ExO is in the business of mineral exploration and controls exclusive permits in an area in Mexican waters that contain a large amount of phosphate mineralized material. Phosphate is a key ingredient of fertilizers. In March 2014, Odyssey completed a first NI 43-101 compliant report on the deposit and periodically updates this report. This deposit is currently our main mineral project, and success of this project is important to Odyssey’s future. Odyssey believes that this deposit contains a large amount of high-grade phosphate rock that can be extracted on a financially attractive basis (essentially a dredging operation) and that the product will be attractive to Mexican and other world producers of fertilizers.

ExO has conducted extensive scientific testing of the mineralized phosphate material and of the environmental impact of recovering the mineralized material from the seafloor. ExO has been working with leading environmental experts on the impact assessment and permitting process and, with Royal Boskalis Westminster N.V on the extraction and processing program.

ExO applied for and was granted additional mining concession areas by the Mexican government. These additional areas are adjacent to the zones with the highest concentration of mineralization in the original mining concession area. ExO also relinquished certain parts of the granted concession areas where the mineral concentration levels were less attractive for mining purposes.

In September 2014, ExO reported that the EIA for proposed dredging and recovery of phosphate sands from the deposit had been filed with the Mexican Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources (SEMARNAT). Approval of the EIA is needed to obtain an environmental permit to begin the commercial extraction of phosphate from the tenement area. In November 2014, SEMARNAT held a public hearing on the EIA in Mexico and asked supplemental questions to ExO on the EIA. In full compliance with the SEMARNAT process, a response to the questions was filed in March 2015. In addition to providing supplemental scientific information and studies, the response included additional mitigation and economic considerations to reinforce ExO’s commitment to being good corporate citizens and stewards of the environment. In June 2015, ExO withdrew its EIA application. The EIA was

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re-submitted in June 2015, and additional information was filed in August 2015. A public hearing on this application was conducted by SEMARNAT on October 8, 2015, additional questions were received from SEMARNAT in November 2015, and ExO’s responses to the questions were filed with SEMARNAT on December 3, 2015. On April 8, 2016, SEMARNAT denied the application.

On March 21, 2018, the Tribunal Federal de Justicia Administrativa (TFJA) in Mexico ruled unanimously in favor of our subsidiary, ExO, nullifying the April 2016 denial of the environmental license application for the extraction of phosphate sand from ExO’s deposit. In May 2018, after the statutory period for appeal of the ruling had passed with no appeals filed, the Mexican court published the full ruling on its website.

On October 18, 2018, we were notified that SEMARNAT repeated their refusal to issue the environmental approval for the phosphate deposit controlled by ExO. On October 22, 2018, legal counsel for ExO filed an action before the TFJA requesting sanctions be imposed upon SEMARNAT and ordering SEMARNAT to reevaluate the application in compliance with their policies and consider the environmental science and mitigation measures presented by ExO as directed in the TFJA’s original order.

At a hearing on April 24, 2019, the TFJA advised ExO that in light of a procedural issue arising under Mexican law, its current application would have to be resubmitted to the court in a different form. The TFJA issued a formal order on June 17, 2019, which allowed ExO to file an alternative administrative action. In August 2019, ExO submitted this filing seeking to annul SEMARNAT’s decision of October 12, 2018. On August 3, 2020, ExO filed expert testimony with the TFJA supporting the argument to annul SEMARNAT’s 2018 denial. The case is on-going in the Mexican judicial system.

According to ExO’s Mexican legal counsel, the TFJA’s recent determination neither reverses their unanimous decision of March 21, 2018, which nullified SEMARNAT’s original denial of the MIA on April 7, 2016, nor does it decide the legality of SEMARNAT’s denial of the MIA on October 12, 2018. To move to the next phase of development of the deposit, Odyssey and its subsidiaries need the issuance of this environmental permit. Odyssey and its subsidiary ExO continue to work to obtain the necessary environmental permission.

We have full confidence in the environmental and economic merits of our venture in Mexico. We are taking all necessary steps to protect our interests and the interests of our shareholders. The past administration in Mexico has treated our environmental permit application in a manifestly arbitrary, discriminatory and non-transparent manner, in bad faith and in clear disregard of their own applicable legal regime. In these circumstances, to protect our rights and to defend shareholder value, on January 4, 2019, we notified Mexico of our intent to submit a claim against Mexico to arbitration under the investment protection chapter of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Filing this notice of intent (NOI) initiated a consultation period during which we and the Mexican Government are to seek to resolve this dispute amicably. The first consultation occurred on April 2, 2019 and the Notice of Arbitration (NOA) was submitted on April 5, 2019. A public version of the NOI and NOA are available on our website at www.odysseymarine.com.com/nafta.

The Arbitral Tribunal, consisting of three international arbitrators well-versed in international investment treaties, has been constituted. Procedural Order No. 1, which includes a filing deadline in the first half of the third quarter 2020 for Odyssey’s Memorial, has been issued by the Tribunal. On September 4, 2020, the First Memorial was filed with the Tribunal. The Memorial is the filing that fully lays out our case, witnesses and evidence for the Tribunal.

We continue to work diligently and in good faith with Mexico’s current administration to achieve an equitable resolution of this dispute, but we are prepared to proceed with the full NAFTA arbitration process.

Additional Mineral Projects

We have two additional strategic mineral projects currently under development.

One project is being conducted under contract with CIC LLC, a mineral development company, working in the South Pacific where we are receiving cash and equity for services rendered to the venture. This model is in line with the company’s strategic plan. CIC, LLC is majority owned and controlled by Greg Stemm, the past Chairman of the Board for our Company. See NOTES C, D and F.

Additionally, on July 9, 2019, Odyssey acquired a 79.9% equity interest in Bismarck Mining Corporation (PNG) Limited (“Bismarck”) in exchange for 249,584 shares of Odyssey’s common stock.

Bismarck’s primary asset is an exclusive exploration license covering approximately 320 square kilometers of subsea area containing at least five prospective exploration targets in two different mineralization types: seamount-related epithermal and modern placer gold. In connection with the acquisition by Odyssey, Bismarck and the seller entered into a royalty agreement that provides for Bismarck to pay the seller a 2.496% net smelter royalty on minerals mined from the license area.

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The license area is adjacent to Lihir Island in Papua New Guinea where one of the world’s largest known terrestrial gold deposits is currently being mined and processed by a major international mining company.

The deposit has significant strategic value to Odyssey and adds valuable diversification to the company’s mineral asset portfolio. Previous exploration expeditions in the license area, including a survey conducted by Odyssey, indicate a polymetallic resource with commercially viable grade gold content may exist. Additionally, the two subsea debris fields within the area and adjacent to the terrestrial Ladolam Gold Mine are believed to have originated from the same volcanogenic source that is currently being mined on Lihir.

Odyssey is currently planning offshore operations in the licensed area during 2021 contingent on the ability to execute operations safely and to standard in light of current travel and operational issues worldwide. These operations are expected to include sampling (rock and sediment), water sampling, biological sampling and other environmental data acquisition to aid in the production of a resource estimate, environmental impact assessment and eventual mining plan. In the third quarter of 2020, Bismarck filed for renewal of its exploration license which is expected to be granted in the first quarter of 2021, extending its rights for an additional two years.

Other Projects

Odyssey offers its marine exploration services to third-party companies. This may be for mineral exploration, environmental studies, shipwreck search and recovery, subsea surveys, and other off-shore work requiring specialized equipment, personnel, project planning and management as well as research and scientific services.

Critical Accounting Policies and Changes to Accounting Policies

There have been no material changes in our critical accounting estimates since December 31, 2019.

Results of Operations

The dollar values discussed in the following tables, except as otherwise indicated, are approximations to the nearest $1,000,000 and therefore do not necessarily sum in columns or rows. For more detail refer to the Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1.

Three-months ended September 30, 2020, compared to three-months ended September 30, 2019

Increase/(Decrease) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2020 vs. 2019 |
(Dollars in millions) |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | $ |  |  | % |
Total revenues |  | $ | 0.2 |  |  | $ | 0.8 |  |  | $ | (0.6 | ) |  |  | 72 | %
Marketing, general and administrative |  |  | 0.0 |  |  |  | 2.1 |  |  |  | (2.1 | ) |  |  | 99 | %
Operations and research |  |  | 4.9 |  |  |  | 2.1 |  |  |  | 2.7 |  |  |  | 129 | %
Total operating expenses |  | $ | 4.9 |  |  | $ | 4.2 |  |  | $ | 0.7 |  |  |  | 16 | %
Other income (expense) |  | $ | (2.9 | ) |  | $ | (2.4 | ) |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  |  | 22 | %
Income tax benefit (provision) |  | $ | 0.0 |  |  | $ | 0.0 |  |  | $ | 0.0 |  |  |  | 0 | %
Non-controlling interest |  | $ | 2.1 |  |  | $ | 1.6 |  |  | $ | 0.5 |  |  |  | 32 | %
Net income (loss) |  | $ | (5.4 | ) |  | $ | (4.2 | ) |  | $ | 1.2 |  |  |  | 29 | %

Revenue

Revenue is primarily generated through the sale of technical and marine services either through expedition charters or for the services from our crew and equipment that are on a fee or cost-plus basis.

Total revenue in the current quarter was $0.2 million, a $0.6 million decrease compared to the same period a year ago. The revenue generated in each period was a result of performing marine research, project administration and search and recovery operations for our customers and related parties. One company we provided these services to is a deep-sea mineral exploration company, CIC, owned and controlled by our past Chairman of the Board (see NOTE D) which we consider a related party. The primary reason for this reduction was that the long-term project we were engaged on the last two years reached its life expectancy during this quarter.

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Operating Expenses

Marketing, general and administrative expenses primarily include all costs within the following departments: Executive, Finance & Accounting, Legal, Information Technology, Human Resources, Marketing & Communications, Sales and Business Development. Marketing, general and administrative expense decreased $2.1 million to $0.0 million for the three-month period ended September 30, 2020 compared to $2.1 million from the same period in the prior year. The key items contributing to this $2.1 million reduction was a decrease of $1.3 million in employee incentives and compensation related. The $1.3 million decrease was primarily due to the reduction of the discretionary incentive reserve resulting from management’s decision to not pay discretionary incentives until appropriate. A $0.6 million reduction in non-cash share-based compensation and a reduction of $0.2 million of professional corporate services accounted for the remaining decrease.

Operations and research expenses are primarily focused around deep-sea mineral exploration which include minerals research, scientific services, marine operations and project management. Operations and research expenses increased by $2.7 million from 2019 to 2020 primarily as a result of the following items: (i) a $2.7 million increase in financed litigation costs directly associated with our NAFTA litigation pursuit, (ii) a $0.3 million decrease in our marine services project contract labor and (iii) a $0.1 million savings in operational overhead reductions.

Other Income and Expense

Other income and expense generally consists of interest expense on our debt financing arrangements as well as, from time to time, the fair value change of derivatives carried on the balance sheet. Total other income and expense was $2.9 and $2.4 million in net expenses for 2020 and 2019, respectively, resulting in a net expense increase of $0.5 million. This variance was primarily attributable to a decrease in interest expense of $0.2 million due to the reduction of debt accretion in 2020 from 2019, a $0.5 million incremental expense due to the fair value accounting of our hybrid debt instrument (NOTE I) and a $0.2 million debt extinguishment accounting loss as noted in NOTE I.

Taxes and Non-Controlling Interest

Due to losses, we did not accrue any taxes in either period ending 2020 or 2019.

Starting in 2013, we became the controlling shareholder of Oceanica. Our financial statements thus include the financial results of Oceanica and its subsidiary, ExO. Except for intercompany transactions that are fully eliminated upon consolidation, Oceanica’s revenues and expenses, in their entirety, are shown in our consolidated financial statements. The share of Oceanica’s net losses corresponding to the equity of Oceanica not owned by us is subsequently shown as the “Non-Controlling Interest” in the consolidated statements of operations. The non-controlling interest adjustment in the third quarter of 2020 was $2.1 million as compared to $1.6 million in the third quarter of 2019. The $0.5 million increase was primarily due to the compounding of interest on intercompany debt as well as NAFTA litigation costs linked to the minority interests in Oceanica.

Nine-months ended September 30, 2020, compared to nine-months ended September 30, 2019

Increase/(Decrease) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2020 vs. 2019 |
(Dollars in millions) |  | 2020 |  |  | 2019 |  |  | $ |  |  | % |
Total revenues |  | $ | 1.7 |  |  | $ | 2.3 |  |  | $ | (0.6 | ) |  |  | 25 |
Marketing, general and administrative |  |  | 2.7 |  |  |  | 5.0 |  |  |  | (2.3 | ) |  |  | 46 | %
Operations and research |  |  | 10.6 |  |  |  | 5.5 |  |  |  | 5.1 |  |  |  | 92 | %
Total operating expenses |  | $ | 13.3 |  |  | $ | 10.5 |  |  | $ | 2.8 |  |  |  | 27 | %
Other income (expense) |  | $ | (6.2 | ) |  | $ | (3.8 | ) |  | $ | 2.4 |  |  |  | 63 | %
Income tax benefit (provision) |  | $ | 0.0 |  |  | $ | 0.0 |  |  | $ | 0.0 |  |  |  | 0 | %
Non-controlling interest |  | $ | 5.3 |  |  | $ | 3.8 |  |  | $ | 1.5 |  |  |  | 40 | %
Net income (loss) |  | $ | (12.4 | ) |  | $ | (8.2 | ) |  | $ | 4.3 |  |  |  | 52 | %

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Revenue

Total revenue in the nine-month period ended September 30, 2020 was $1.7 million, a $0.6 million decrease compared to the same period a year ago. The revenue generated in each period was a result of performing marine research, project administration and search and recovery operations for our customers and related parties. One company we provided these services to is a deep-sea mineral exploration company, CIC, owned and controlled by our past Chairman of the Board (see NOTE D) which we consider a related party. The primary reason for this reduction was that the long-term project we were engaged on the last two years reached its life expectancy during this period.

Operating Expenses

Marketing, general and administrative expense decreased $2.3 million to $2.7 million for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2020 compared to $5.0 million from the same period in the prior year. The key items contributing to this $2.3 million decrease was a non-cash decrease of share-based compensation of $0.4 million and a reduction of $1.6 in employee incentives and compensation related. The $1.6 million reduction was primarily due to the reduction of the discretionary incentive reserve resulting from management’s decision to not pay discretionary incentives until appropriate. We also had a $0.3 million reduction in professional corporate services which includes a reduction of maritime legal services associated with the HMS Victory as well as fees related to legal and audit.

Operations and research expenses increased by $5.1 million from 2019 to 2020 primarily as a result of the following items: (i) a $5.6 million increase in financed professional fees, legal fees, and other expenses directly associated with our NAFTA litigation pursuit, (ii) a $0.7 million decrease in marine services operating technical contract costs, (iii) a $0.3 million increase in our concession permit fees for our Mexican subsidiary and (iv) a $0.1 million decrease in our general operational overhead which includes items such as travel related and rent.

Other Income and Expense

Other income and expense was $6.2 and $3.8 million in net expenses for 2020 and 2019, respectively, resulting in a net expense increase of $2.4 million. This variance was primarily attributable to an increase in interest expense of $2.1 million primarily from our litigation financing agreement (NOTE I), a reduction in debt discount accretion in the amount of $0.8 million, a $0.7 million incremental expense due to the fair value accounting of our hybrid debt instrument (NOTE I), the prior year included an expense of $0.9 million related to the fair value accounting for a warrant inducement related to debt refinancing, a $0.5 million current year expense related to debt extinguishment accounting related to a loan extension, and $0.8 million of other income in 2019 attributable to the write down of deferred revenue that was caused by the 2019 cancelation of the HMS Sussex contract.

Taxes and Non-Controlling Interest

Due to losses, we did not accrue any taxes in either period ending 2020 or 2019.

Starting in 2013, we became the controlling shareholder of Oceanica. Our financial statements thus include the financial results of Oceanica and its subsidiary, ExO. Except for intercompany transactions that are fully eliminated upon consolidation, Oceanica’s revenues and expenses, in their entirety, are shown in our consolidated financial statements. The share of Oceanica’s net losses corresponding to the equity of Oceanica not owned by us is subsequently shown as the “Non-Controlling Interest” in the consolidated statements of operations. The non-controlling interest adjustment in the nine-months ended September 30, 2020 was $5.3 million as compared to $3.8 million for the same period 2019. The $1.5 million increase was primarily due to the compounding of interest on intercompany debt as well as NAFTA litigation costs linked to the minority interests in Oceanica.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

|  | Nine-Months Ended |
(In thousands) |  | September 30, 2020 |  |  | September 30, 2019 |
Summary of Cash Flows: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net cash used by operating activities |  | $ | (5,521 | ) |  | $ | (3,652 | )
Net cash (used) provided by investing activities |  |  | — |  |  |  | (15 | )
Net cash provided by financing activities |  |  | 14,415 |  |  |  | 1,184 |
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 8,894 |  |  | $ | (2,483 | )
Beginning cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 213 |  |  |  | 2,787 |
Ending cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 9,107 |  |  | $ | 304 |

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Discussion of Cash Flows

Net cash used by operating activities for the first nine months of 2020 was $5.5 million. This represents a $1.8 million increase in use of funds when compared to the use of $3.7 million in the same period of 2019. The net cash used by operating activities reflected a net loss before non-controlling interest of $17.4 million offset in part by non-cash items of $1.2 million which primarily includes loss on debt extinguishment of $0.8 million, investment in unconsolidated entity of $0.7 million, the fair-value of hybrid-debt accounting of $0.7 million and other which includes items such as depreciation and debt discount accretion for $0.8 million. Other operating activities resulted in an increase in working capital of $4.2 million. Changes to accrued expenses, accounts receivable, accounts payable and other assets in 2020 comprised the $4.2 million.

Cash flows used by investing activities for the first nine months of 2020 were zero compared to $0.02 million used in the same period in 2019.

Cash flows provided by financing activities for the first nine months of 2020 were $14.4 million which represented a $13.2 million increase over the same period in 2019 of $1.2 million which was a use of funds. The current period $14.4 million was comprised of funds received from our NAFTA litigation financing and funds received from the 37 North agreement (NOTE I). We also participated and received funds from the Small Business Administration (SBA) programs for the Payroll Protection Program (PPP) and the Emergency Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) (NOTE I). These debt proceeds of $3.5 million were offset by $0.3 million of repayments of financed obligations. In August 2020 we sold 2.5 million of our common shares for net-proceeds of $11.3 million (see NOTE J).

Other Cash Flow and Equity Areas

General Discussion

At September 30, 2020, we had cash and cash equivalents of $9.1 million, an increase of $8.9 million from the December 31, 2019 balance of $0.2 million. The operating cash used of $5.5 million was supported by debt proceeds from 37North, the NAFTA litigation financing and the SBA’s programs for the PPP and EIDL as well as the August 21, 2020 capital raise of $11.3 million noted below. The $5.5 million of cash used is partially offset by non-cash items totaling $1.2 million which include share-based compensation and the results of the hybrid-debt agreement fair value accounting.

Financial debt of the company, excluding any derivative, hybrid-debt fair value accounting or beneficial conversion feature components of such, was $39.0 million at September 30, 2020 and $40.9 million at December 31, 2019.

On August 21, 2020, we sold in the aggregate 2,553,314 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase up to 1,901,989 shares of our common stock. The net proceeds received from sale, after offering expenses of $0.3 million, were $11.3 million (See NOTE J).

Financings

Stock Purchase Agreement

On March 11, 2015, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Penelope Mining LLC (the “Investor”), and, solely with respect to certain provisions of the Purchase Agreement, Minera del Norte, S.A. de C.V. (the “MINOSA”). The Purchase Agreement provides for us to issue and sell to the Investor shares of the our preferred stock in the amounts and at the prices set forth below (the numbers set forth below have been adjusted to reflect the 1-for-12 reverse stock split of February 19, 2016):

Series |  | No. of Shares |  |  | Price per Share |
Series AA-1 |  |  | 8,427,004 |  |  | $ | 12.00 |
Series AA-2 |  |  | 7,223,145 |  |  | $ | 6.00 |

The closing of the sale and issuance of shares of the Company’s preferred stock to the Investor is subject to certain conditions, including the Company’s receipt of required approvals from the Company’s stockholders (received on June 9, 2015), the receipt of regulatory approval, performance by the Company of its obligations under the Purchase Agreement, receipt of certain third party consents, the listing of the underlying common stock on the NASDAQ Stock Market and the Investor’s satisfaction, in its sole discretion, with the viability of certain undersea mining projects of the Company. Completion of the transaction requires amending the Company’s articles of incorporation to (a) effect a reverse stock split, which was done on February 19, 2016, (b) adjusting the Company’s authorized capitalization, which was also done on February 19, 2016, and (c) establishing a classified board of directors (collectively, the “Amendments”). The Amendments have been or will be set forth in certificates of amendment to the Company’s articles of incorporation filed or to be filed with the Nevada Secretary of State.

The purchase and sale of 2,916,667 shares of Series AA-1 Preferred Stock at an initial closing and for the purchase and sale of the remaining 5,510,337 shares of Series AA-1 Preferred Stock according to the following schedule, is subject to the satisfaction or waiver of specified conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement:

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Date |  | No. Series AA-1 Shares |  |  | Total Purchase Price |
March 1, 2016 |  |  | 1,806,989 |  |  | $ | 21,683,868 |
September 1, 2016 |  |  | 1,806,989 |  |  | $ | 21,683,868 |
March 1, 2017 |  |  | 1,517,871 |  |  | $ | 18,214,446 |
March 1, 2018 |  |  | 378,488 |  |  | $ | 4,541,856 |

The Investor may elect to purchase all or a portion of the Series AA-1 Preferred Stock before the other dates set forth above. The initial closing and the closing scheduled for March 1, 2016, have not yet occurred because certain conditions to closing have not yet been satisfied or waived. After completing the purchase of all AA-1 Preferred Stock, the Investor has the right, but not the obligation, to purchase all or a portion the 7,223,145 shares of Series AA-2 Preferred Stock at any time after the closing price of the Common Stock on the NASDAQ Stock Market has been $15.12 or more for 20 consecutive trading days. The Investor’s right to purchase the shares of Series AA-2 Preferred Stock will terminate on the fifth anniversary of the initial closing under the Purchase Agreement.

The Purchase Agreement contains certain restrictions, subject to certain exceptions described below, on the Company’s ability to initiate, solicit or knowingly encourage or facilitate an alternative acquisition proposal, to participate in any discussions or negotiations regarding an alternative acquisition proposal, or to enter into any acquisition agreement, merger agreement or similar definitive agreement, or any letter of intent, memorandum of understanding or agreement in principle, or any other agreement relating to an alternative acquisition proposal. These restrictions will continue until the earlier to occur of the termination of the Purchase Agreement pursuant to its terms and the time at which the initial closing occurs.

The Purchase Agreement also includes customary termination rights for both the Company and the Investor and provides that, in connection with the termination of the Purchase Agreement under specified circumstances, including in the event of a termination by the Company in order to accept a Superior Proposal, the Company will be required to pay to the Investor a termination fee of $4.0 million.

The Purchase Agreement contains representations, warranties and covenants of the parties customary for a transaction of this type.

Subject to the terms set forth in the Purchase Agreement, the Lender provided the Company, through a subsidiary of the Company, with loans of $14.75 million, the outstanding amount of which, plus accrued interest, will be repaid from the proceeds from the sale of the shares of Series AA-1 Preferred Stock at the initial closing. The outstanding principal balance of the loan at September 30, 2020 was $14.75 million.

The obligation to repay the loans is evidenced by a promissory note (the “Note”) in the amount of up to $14.75 million and bears interest at the rate of 8.0% per annum, and, pursuant to a pledge agreement (the “Pledge Agreement”) between the Lender and Odyssey Marine Enterprises Ltd., an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (“OME”), is secured by a pledge of 54.0 million shares of Oceanica Resources S. de R.L., a Panamanian limitada (“Oceanica”), held by OME. In addition, OME and the Lender entered into a call option agreement (the “Oceanica Call”), pursuant to which OME granted the Lender an option to purchase the 54.0 million shares of Oceanica held by OME for an exercise price of $40.0 million at any time during the one-year period after the Oceanica Call was executed and delivered by the parties. The Oceanica Call option expired on March 11, 2016 without being executed or extended. On December 15, 2015, the Promissory Note was amended to provide that, unless otherwise converted as provided in the Note, the adjusted principal balance shall be due and payable in full upon written demand by MINOSA; provided that MINOSA agrees that it shall not demand payment of the adjusted principal balance earlier than the first to occur of: (i) 30 days after the date on which (x) SEMARNAT makes a determination with respect to the current application for the Manifestacion de Impacto Ambiental relating to our phosphate deposit project, which determination is other than an approval or (y) Enterprises or any of its affiliates withdraws such application without MINOSA’s prior written consent; (ii) termination by Odyssey of the Stock Purchase Agreement, dated March 11, 2015 (the “Purchase Agreement”), among Odyssey, MINOSA, and Penelope Mining, LLC (the “Investor”); (iii) the occurrence of an event of default under the Promissory Note; (iv) March 30, 2016; or (v) if and only if the Investor shall have terminated the Purchase Agreement pursuant to Section 8.1(d)(iii) thereof, March 30, 2016. On March 18, 2016 the agreements with MINOSA and Penelope were further amended and extended the maturity date of the loan to March 18, 2017(see NOTE I).

On March 18, 2016, Odyssey entered into a $3.0 million Note Purchase Agreement with Epsilon Acquisitions LLC (see below and NOTE I).

Epsilon is an investment vehicle of Mr. Alonso Ancira who is Chairman of the Board of AHMSA, an entity that controls MINOSA.

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Class AA Convertible Preferred Stock

Pursuant to a certificate of designation (the “Designation”) to be filed with the Nevada Secretary of State, each share of Series AA-1 Convertible Preferred Stock and Series AA-2 Convertible Preferred Stock (collectively, the “Class AA Preferred Stock”) will be convertible into one share of Common Stock at any time and from time to time at the election of the holder. Each share of Class AA Preferred Stock will rank pari passu with all other shares of Class AA Preferred Stock and senior to shares of Common Stock and all other classes and series of junior stock. If the Company declares a dividend or makes a distribution to the holders of Common Stock, the holders of the Class AA Preferred Stock will be entitled to participate in the dividend or distribution on an as-converted basis. Each share of Class AA Preferred Stock shall entitle the holder thereof to vote, in person or by proxy, at any special or annual meeting of stockholders, on all matters voted on by holders of Common Stock, voting together as a single class with other shares entitled to vote thereon. So long as a majority of the shares of the Class AA Preferred Stock are outstanding, the Company will be prohibited from taking specified extraordinary actions without the approval of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of Class AA Preferred Stock. In the event of the liquidation of the Company, each holder of shares of Class AA Preferred Stock then outstanding shall be entitled to be paid, out of the assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders, an amount in cash equal to the greater of (a) the amount paid to the Company for such holder’s shares of Class AA Preferred Stock, plus an accretion thereon of 8.0% per annum, compounded annually, and (b) the amount such holder would be entitled to receive had such holder converted such shares of Class AA Preferred into Common Stock immediately prior to such time at which payment will be made or any assets distributed.

Stockholder Agreement

The Purchase Agreement provides that, at the initial closing, the Company and the Investor will enter into a stockholder agreement (the “Stockholder Agreement”). The Stockholder Agreement will provide that (a) in connection with each meeting of the Company’s stockholders at which directors are to be elected, the Company will (i) nominate for election as members of the Company’s board of directors a number of individuals designated by the Investor (“Investor Designees”) equivalent to the Investor’s proportionate ownership of the Company’s voting securities (rounded up to the next highest integer) less the number of Investor Designees who are members of the board of directors and not subject to election at such meeting, and (ii) use its reasonable best efforts to cause such nominees to be elected to the board of directors; (b) the Company will cause one of the Investor Designees to serve as a member of (or at such Investor Designee’s election, as an observer to) each committee of the Company’s board of directors; and (c) each Investor Designee shall have the right to enter into an indemnification agreement with the Company (an “Indemnification Agreement”) pursuant to which such Investor Designee is indemnified by the Company to the fullest extent allowed by Nevada law if, by reason of his or her serving as a director of the Company, such Investor Designee is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any proceeding or by reason of anything done or not done by such Investor Designee in his or her capacity as a director of the Company.

The Stockholder Agreement will provide the Investor with pre-emptive rights with respect to certain equity offerings of the Company and restricts the Company from selling equity securities until the Investor has purchased all the Class AA Preferred Stock or no longer has the right or obligation to purchase any of the Class AA Preferred Stock. The Stockholder Agreement will also provide the Investor with certain “first look” rights with respect to certain mineral deposits discovered by the Company or its subsidiaries. Pursuant to the Stockholder Agreement, the Company will grant the Investor certain demand and piggy-back registration rights, including for shelf registrations, with respect to the resale of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Class AA Preferred Stock.

Other loans

Promissory Note

On March 18, 2016 we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (“Purchase Agreement”) with Epsilon Acquisitions LLC (“Epsilon”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, Epsilon loaned us $3.0 million in two installments of $1.5 million on March 31, 2016 and April 30, 2016. The indebtedness bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum and was due on March 18, 2017. We were also responsible for $50,000 of the lender’s out of pocket costs. This amount is included in the loan balance. In pledge agreements related to the loans, we granted security interests to Epsilon in (a) the 54 million cuotas (a unit of ownership under Panamanian law) of Oceanica Resources S. de R.L. (“Oceanica”) held by our wholly owned subsidiary, Odyssey Marine Enterprises, Ltd. (“OME”), (b) all notes and other receivables from Oceanica and its subsidiary owed to the Odyssey Pledgors, and (c) all of the outstanding equity in OME. Epsilon has the right to convert the outstanding indebtedness into shares of our common stock upon 75 days’ notice to us or upon a merger, consolidation, third party tender offer, or similar transaction relating to us at the conversion price of $5.00 per share, which represents the five-day volume-weighted average price of Odyssey’s common stock for the five trading day period ending on March 17, 2016. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an event of default, the conversion price will be reduced to $2.50 per share. Following any conversion of the indebtedness, Penelope Mining LLC (an affiliate of Epsilon) (“Penelope”), may elect to reduce its commitment to purchase preferred stock of Odyssey under the Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 11, 2015 (as amended, the “Stock Purchase Agreement”), among Odyssey, Penelope, and Minera del Norte, S.A. de C.V. (“MINOSA”) by the amount of indebtedness converted.

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Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement (a) we agreed to waive our rights to terminate the Stock Purchase Agreement in accordance with the terms thereof until December 31, 2016, and (b) MINOSA agreed to extend, until March 18, 2017, the maturity date of the $14.75 million loan extended by MINOSA to OME pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement. The indebtedness may be accelerated upon the occurrence of specified events of default including (a) OME’s failure to pay any amount payable on the date due and payable; (b) OME or we fail to perform or observe any term, covenant, or agreement in the Purchase Agreement or the related documents, subject to a five-day cure period; (c) an event of default or material breach by OME, us or any of our affiliates under any of the other loan documents shall have occurred and all grace periods, if any, applicable thereto shall have expired; (d) the Stock Purchase Agreement shall have been terminated; (e) specified dissolution, liquidation, insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization, or similar cases or actions are commenced by or against OME or any of its subsidiaries, in specified circumstances unless dismissed or stayed within 60 days; (f) the entry of judgment or award against OME or any of its subsidiaries in excess or $100,000; and (g) a change in control (as defined in the Purchase Agreement) occurs.

In connection with the execution and delivery of the Purchase Agreement, we and Epsilon entered into a registration rights agreement pursuant to which we agreed to register new shares of our common stock with a formal registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission upon the conversion of the indebtedness.

Accounting considerations: Note Purchase Agreement

We have accounted for this agreement as a financing transaction, wherein the net proceeds received were allocated to the financial instruments issued. Prior to making the accounting allocation, we evaluated for proper classification under ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”), ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”) and ASC 320 Property, Plant and Equipment (“ASC 320”).

This debt agreement did not contain any embedded terms or features that have characteristics of derivatives. However, we were required to consider whether the hybrid contract embodied a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”). The calculation of the effective conversion amount did result in a BCF because the effective conversion price was less than the Company’s stock price on the commitment date, therefore a BCF of $96,000 was recorded. The BCF represented a debt discount which is fully amortized.

Loan modification (October 1, 2016)

On October 1, 2016 Odyssey Marine Enterprises, Ltd. (“OME”), entered into an Amended and Restated Note Purchase Agreement (the “Restated Note Purchase Agreement”) with Epsilon Acquisitions LLC (“Epsilon”). In connection with the existing $3.0 million loan agreement, Epsilon agreed to lend an additional $3.0 million of secured convertible promissory notes. The convertible promissory notes bear an interest rate of 10.0% per annum and was due and payable on March 18, 2017. Epsilon has the right to convert all amounts outstanding under the Restated Note into shares of our common stock upon 75 days’ notice to OME or upon a merger, consolidation, third party tender offer, or similar transaction relating to us at the applicable conversion price, which is (a) $5.00 per share with respect to the $3.0 million already advanced under the Restated Note and (b) with respect to additional advances under the Restated Note, the five-day volume-weighted average price of our common stock for the five trading day period ending on the trading day immediately prior to the date on which OME submits a borrowing notice for such advance. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, we shall not issue any of our common stock upon conversion of any outstanding tranche (other than the first $3.0 million already advanced) under this Restated Note in excess of 1,388,769 shares of common stock. The additional tranches were issued as follows: (a) $1,000,000 (“Tranche 3”) was issued on October 16, 2016 with a conversion price of $3.52 per share; (b) $1,000,000 (“Tranche 4”) was issued on November 15, 2016 with a conversion price of $4.19 per share; and (c) $1,000,000 (“Tranche 5”) was issued on December 15, 2016 with a conversion price of $4.13 per share. During 2017, Epsilon assigned Tranche 4 and 5 totaling $2,000,000 of this debt to MINOSA under the same terms as the original debt.

As an inducement for the issuance of the additional $3.0 million of promissory notes, we also delivered to Epsilon a common stock purchase warrant (the “Warrant”) pursuant to which Epsilon has the right to purchase up to 120,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $3.52 per share, which exercise price represents the five-day volume-weighted average price of our common stock for the five trading day period ending on the trading day immediately prior to the day on which the Warrant was issued. Epsilon may exercise the Warrant in whole or in part at any time during the period ending October 1, 2021. The Warrant includes a cashless exercise feature and provides that, if Epsilon is in default of its obligations to fund any advance pursuant to and in accordance with the Restated Note Purchase Agreement, then, thereafter, the maximum aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be purchased under the Warrant shall be the number determined by multiplying 120,000 by a fraction, (a) the numerator of which is the aggregate principal amount of advances that have been extended to the OME by Epsilon pursuant to the Restated Note Purchase Agreement on or after the date of the Warrant and prior to the date of such failure and (b) the denominator of which is $3.0 million.

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Accounting considerations: Loan Modification

We evaluated for proper classification under ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”), ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”) and ASC 320 Property, Plant and Equipment (“ASC 320”). This debt agreement did not contain any embedded terms or features that have characteristics of derivatives. Additionally, the warrant agreement did not contain any terms or features that would preclude equity classification. We were required to consider whether the hybrid contract embodied a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”). The allocations of the three additional tranches were as follows.

|  | Tranche 3 |  |  | Tranche 4 |  |  | Tranche 5 |
Promissory Note |  | $ | 981,796 |  |  | $ | 939,935 |  |  | $ | 1,000,000 |
Beneficial Conversion Feature (“BCF”)* |  |  | 18,204 |  |  |  | 60,065 |  |  |  | — |
Proceeds |  | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | $ | 1,000,000 |

A beneficial conversion feature arises when the calculation of the effective conversion price is less than the Company’s stock price on the date of issuance. Tranche 5 did not result in a BCF because the effective conversion price was greater than the company’s stock price on the date of issuance.

The warrants fair values were calculated using the Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model. The aggregate fair value of the warrants totaled $303,712. Since the warrants were issued as an inducement to Epsilon to issue additional debt, we recorded an inducement expense of $303,712.

Term Extension (March 21, 2017)

On March 21, 2017 we entered into an amendment to the Restated Note Purchase Agreement with Epsilon. In connection with the existing $6.0 million loan agreement, the adjusted principal balance is due and payable in full upon the earlier of (i) written demand by Epsilon or (ii) such time as Odyssey or the guarantor pays any other indebtedness for borrowed money prior to its stated maturity date. As such the Company amortized the notes up to their face value of $6,050,000 and they are classified as short-term. However, since Epsilon converted the first $3.0 million into 670,455 of our common shares and assigned $2.0 million to MINOSA, the current principal indebtedness at September 30, 2020 is $1.0 million.

Promissory Note

On April 15, 2016, Odyssey Marine Exploration, Inc. (“Odyssey”) and its wholly owned subsidiaries Oceanica Marine Operations, S.R.L. (“OMO”), Odyssey Marine Services, Inc. (“OMS”), and Odyssey Marine Enterprises, Ltd. (“OME”) executed a Loan and Security Agreement (the “Loan Agreement”) with Monaco Financial LLC (“Monaco”) pursuant to which Odyssey borrowed $1,825,000 from Monaco. The current balance is now $1,175,000. Monaco advanced the entire amount to us in March 2016 upon execution of a Letter of Intent. The indebtedness is evidenced by a Convertible Promissory Note (the “Note”) that provides for interest at the rate of 10.0% per annum on the outstanding amount of principal, with the entire unpaid principal sum outstanding, together with any unpaid interest thereon, being due and payable on April 15, 2018. This note has matured, but Monaco has not demanded payment since we are in negotiations with Monaco to set a new maturity date. Odyssey has the right to prepay the indebtedness, in whole or in part, upon 30 days’ notice to Monaco.

Pursuant to the Loan Agreement and as security for the indebtedness, Monaco was granted a security interest in (a) one-half of the indebtedness evidenced by the Amended and Restated Consolidated Note and Guaranty, dated September 25, 2015 (the “ExO Note”), in the original principal amount of $18.0 million, issued by Exploraciones Oceanicas S. de R.L. de C.V. to OMO, and all rights associated therewith (the “OMO Collateral”); and (b) all marine technology and assets in OMS’s possession or control used for offshore exploration, including a deep-tow search systems, winches, multi-beam sonar, and other equipment. OME unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed all obligations of Odyssey, OMO, and OMS to Monaco under the Loan Agreement.

As further consideration for the loan, Monaco was granted an option (the “Option”) to purchase the OMO Collateral. The Option is exercisable at any time before the earlier of (a) the date that is 30 days after the loan is paid in full or (b) the maturity date of the ExO Note, for aggregate consideration of $9.3 million, $1.8 million of which would be paid at the closing of the exercise of the Option, with the balance paid in ten monthly installments of $750,000.

The Loan Agreement also contains customary representations and warranties of the parties, covenants, and events of default. Of the combined total indebtedness of Monaco’s Note 1 of $2.8 million (NOTE I) and this agreement, Note 2, (see NOTE I), Monaco can convert this combined debt into 3,174,603 shares of Oceanica at a fixed conversion price of $1.00 per share, or $3,174,603. Any remaining debt in excess of $3,174,603 is not convertible. The Note further provides that the maximum number of Oceanica cuotas that can be acquired by Monaco upon conversion is 3,174,603 cuotas. During the three-months ended June 30, 2017, we sold a marine vessel to a related party of Monaco for $650,000. The consideration for this vessel was applied to our loan balance to Monaco in the amount of $650,000.

Promissory Note

On May 3, 2017, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement (“Loan Agreement”) with SMOM. Pursuant to the Loan Agreement, SMOM agreed to loan us up to $3.0 million as evidenced by a convertible promissory note. As a commitment fee, we assigned the remaining 50% of our Neptune Minerals, LLC receivable to SMOM. This receivable had zero carrying value on our

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balance sheet and due to the age and collectability was deemed to have no fair value. The indebtedness bears interest at a rate of 10% per annum and matures on the second anniversary of this Loan Agreement which was May 3, 2019. On April 20, 2018, the loan was amended, and the principal amount of the Loan was increased to $3,500,000. The loan balance at September 30, 2020 is $3.5 million. The holder has the option to convert up to $2.0 million of any unpaid principal and interest into up to 50% of the equity interest held by Odyssey in Aldama Mining Company, S.de R.L. de C.V. which is a wholly owned subsidiary of ours. The conversion value of $1.0 million equates to 10% of the equity interest in Aldama. If the holder elects to acquire the entire 50% of the equity interest, the Holder has to pay the deficiency in cash. As additional consideration for the loan, the holder has the right to purchase from Odyssey all or a portion of the equity collateral (up to the 50% of the equity interest of Aldama) for the option consideration ($1.0 million for each 10% of equity interests) during the period that is the later of (i) one year after the maturity date and (ii) one year after the loan is repaid in full, the expiration date. The lender may also choose to extend the expiration date annually by paying $500,000 for each year extended.

Promissory Note

On August 10, 2017, we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “Minosa Purchase Agreement”) with MINOSA. Pursuant to the Minosa Purchase Agreement, MINOSA whereas MINOSA will loan Enterprises up to $3.0 million. During 2018, this debt was fully funded and Epsilon assigned $2.0 million of its debt to MINOSA. At September 30, 2020, the outstanding principal balance, including the Epsilon assignment, is $5.1 million. The indebtedness is evidenced by a secured convertible promissory note (the “Minosa Note”) and bears interest at a rate equal to 10.0% per annum. Unless otherwise converted as described below, the entire outstanding principal balance under this Minosa Note and all accrued interest and fees are due and payable upon written demand by MINOSA; provided, that MINOSA agreed not make a demand for payment prior to the earlier of (a) an event of default (as defined in the Minosa Note) or (b) a date, which may be no earlier than December 31, 2017, that is at least 60 days subsequent to written notice that MINOSA intends to demand payment. MINOSA has not provided any notice they intend to issue a payment demand notice. We unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed all of the obligations under the Minosa Purchase Agreement and the Minosa Note. MINOSA has the right to convert all amounts outstanding under the Minosa Note into shares of our common stock upon 75 days’ notice to us or upon a merger, consolidation, third party tender offer, or similar transaction relating to us at the conversion price of $4.41 per share. During December 2017 MINOSA, transferred this debt to its parent company.

This debt agreement did not contain any embedded terms or features that have characteristics of derivatives. However, we were required to consider whether the hybrid contract embodied a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”). The calculation of the effective conversion amount did result in a BCF because the effective conversion price was less than the Company’s stock price on the date of issuance, therefore a BCF of $62,925 was recorded. As of December 31,2017, all of the BCF has been accreted to the income statement. The BCF represented a debt discount which was amortized over the original life of the loan.

As previously reported, Epsilon loaned us an aggregate of $6.0 million pursuant to an amended and restated convertible promissory Minosa Note, dated as of March 18, 2016, as further amended and restated on October 1, 2016 (the “Epsilon Note”). Since then, Epsilon has assigned $2.0 million of the indebtedness under the Epsilon Note to MINOSA. Along with Epsilon, we entered into a second amended and restated convertible promissory note (the “Second AR Epsilon Note”), which further amends and restates the Epsilon Note. The stated principal amount of the Second AR Epsilon Note is $1.0 million (which reflects the outstanding principal balance remaining after giving effect to Epsilon’s (x) previous assignment of $2.0 million of the indebtedness under the Epsilon Note to MINOSA and (y) conversion of $3.0 million of the indebtedness under the Epsilon Note into shares of our common stock). The Second AR Epsilon Note further provides that the outstanding principal balance under the Second AR Epsilon Note and all accrued interest and fees are due and payable upon written demand by Epsilon; provided, that Epsilon agreed not make a demand for payment prior to the earlier of (a) an event of default (as defined in the Second AR Epsilon Note) or (b) a date, which may be no earlier than December 31, 2017, that is at least 60 days subsequent to written notice that MINOSA intends to demand payment.

Upon the closing of the Minosa Purchase Agreement, along with MINOSA, and Penelope Mining LLC, an affiliate of Minosa (“Penelope”), executed and delivered a Second Amended and Restated Waiver and Consent and Amendment No. 5 to Promissory Note and Amendment No. 2 to Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Second AR Waiver”). Pursuant to the Second AR Waiver, Minosa and Penelope consented to the transactions contemplated by the Minosa Purchase Agreement and waived any breach of any representation or warranty and violation of any covenant in the Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 11, 2015, as amended April 10, 2015 (the “SPA”), by and among us, Minosa, and Penelope, arising out of the Company’s execution and delivery of the Minosa Purchase Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated thereby. Pursuant to the Second AR Waiver, we also waived, and agreed not to exercise our right to terminate the SPA pursuant to Section 8.1(c)(ii) thereto, both (a) until after the earlier of (i) July 1, 2018, (ii) the date that MINOSA fails, refuses, or declines to fund (or otherwise does not fund) any subsequent loan under the Minosa Purchase Agreement and (iii) demand is made for repayment of all or any part of the indebtedness outstanding under the Minosa Note, the Second AR Epsilon Note, or the Promissory Note, dated as of March 11, 2015, as amended (the “SPA Note”), in the principal amount of $14.75 million that was issued by us to MINOSA under the SPA, and (b) unless on or prior to such termination, the Notes are paid in full.

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The Second AR Waiver (x) further provides that following any conversion of the indebtedness evidenced by the Minosa Note, Penelope may elect to reduce its commitment to purchase our preferred stock under the SPA by the amount of indebtedness converted by MINOSA and (y) amends the SPA Note to provide that the outstanding principal balance under the SPA Note and all accrued interest and fees are due and payable upon written demand by MINOSA; provided, that Minosa agreed not make a demand for payment prior to the earlier of (a) an event of default (as defined in the Minosa Note) or (b) a date, which may be no earlier than December 31, 2017, that is at least 60 days subsequent to written notice that Minosa intends to demand payment.

The obligations under the Minosa Note may be accelerated upon the occurrence of specified events of default including (a) our failure to pay any amount payable under the Minosa Note on the date due and payable; (b) our failure to perform or observe any term, covenant, or agreement in the Minosa Note or the related documents, subject to a five-day cure period; (c) the occurrence and expiration of all applicable grace periods, if any, of an event of default or material breach by us under any of the other loan documents; (d) the termination of the SPA; (e) commencement of certain specified dissolution, liquidation, insolvency, bankruptcy, reorganization, or similar cases or actions by or against us, in specified circumstances unless dismissed or stayed within 60 days; (f) the entry of a judgment or award against us in excess of $100,000; and (g) the occurrence of a change in control (as defined in the Minosa Note).

Pursuant to second amended and restated pledge agreements (the “Second AR Pledge Agreements”) entered into by us in favor of MINOSA, the we pledged and granted security interests to MINOSA in (a) the 54 million cuotas (a unit of ownership under Panamanian law) of Oceanica held by us, (b) all notes and other receivables from Oceanica and its subsidiary owed to us, and (c) all of the outstanding equity in our wholly owned subsidiary, Odyssey Marine Enterprises, Ltd.

In connection with the execution and delivery of the Minosa Purchase Agreement, Odyssey and MINOSA entered into a second amended and restated registration rights agreement (the “Second AR Registration Rights Agreement”) pursuant to which Odyssey agreed to register the offer and sale of the shares (the “Conversion Shares”) of our common stock issuable upon the conversion of the indebtedness evidenced by the Minosa Note. Subject to specified limitations set forth in the Second AR Registration Rights Agreement, including that we are eligible to use Form S-3, the holder of the Minosa Note can require us to register the offer and sale of the Conversion Shares if the aggregate offering price thereof (before any underwriting discounts and commissions) is not less than $3.0 million. In addition, we agreed to file a registration statement relating to the offer and sale of the Conversion Shares on a continuous basis promptly (but in no event later than 60 days after) after the conversion of the Minosa Note into the Conversion Shares and to thereafter use its reasonable best efforts to have such registration statement declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Promissory Note

During the period ended March 31, 2018, Monaco advanced us $1.0 million that was applied to a loan agreement that was executed on April 20, 2018. Monaco also agreed to treat $99,366 of back rent owed by us to Monaco as part of this loan resulting in an aggregate principal amount of $1,099,366 at March 30, 2020. The indebtedness bears interest at 10.0% percent per year. All principal and any unpaid interest is to be payable on the first anniversary of this agreement, April 20, 2019. This debt is secured by cash proceeds, if any, from our future shipwreck projects we have contracted with Magellan. As additional consideration, their share purchase option expiration date, as discussed in Note 1 – Monaco 2014 and Note 2 – Monaco 2016 above, has been extended from 30 days to seven months after the note becomes paid in full.

Promissory Note

On July 12, 2018, we entered into a Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with two individuals (the “Lenders”), one of whom holds in excess of 5.0% of our outstanding common stock. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Lenders agreed to lend an aggregate of $1,050,000 to us, which was advanced in three tranches on July 12, 2018, $500,000, August 17, 2018, $300,000 and October 4, 2018, $250,000. The indebtedness is evidenced by secured convertible promissory notes (the “Notes”) and bears interest at a rate equal to 8.0% per annum. Unless otherwise converted as described below, the entire outstanding principal balance under the Notes and all accrued interest and fees are due and payable on July 12, 2019. See “Term Extension (July 8, 2019)” below.

At any time after to the first to occur of (a) a sale by us of additional Notes or (b) September 12, 2018, the Lenders have the right to convert all amounts outstanding under the Notes into either (x) shares of our common stock at the conversion rate of $8.00 per share, (y) $500,000 of the indebtedness owed by Exploraciones Oceanicas S. de R. L. de C.V. (“ExO”) to Oceanica Marine Operations, S.R.L. (“OMO”), or (z) a 7.5% interest in Aldama Mining Company, S. de R. L. de C.V. (“Aldama”). We indirectly hold a controlling interest in ExO; OMO and Aldama are indirect, wholly owned subsidiaries of ours.

In connection with the issuance and sale of the Notes, we issued warrants to purchase common stock (the “Warrants”) to the Lenders. The Lenders may exercise the Warrants to purchase an aggregate of 65,625 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $12.00 per share. The Warrants are exercisable during the period commencing on the date on which the Notes are converted into shares of our common stock and ending on July 12, 2021.

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Pursuant to a Pledge Agreement, dated as of July 12, 2018 (the “Pledge Agreement”), our obligations under the Notes are secured by a pledge of a portion of Odyssey’s ownership interest in Aldama and another entity.

Pursuant to a Registration Rights Agreement (the “Rights Agreement”) among us and the Lenders, we granted the Lenders “piggy-back” registration rights with respect to the shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of the Notes and the exercise of the Warrants.

The Purchase Agreement, the Notes, the Warrants, the Pledge Agreement, and the Rights Agreement include representations and warranties and other covenants, conditions, and other provisions customary for comparable transactions.

We have accounted for this transaction as a financing transaction, wherein the net proceeds received were allocated to the financial instruments issued. Prior to making the accounting allocation, we evaluated the transaction for proper classification under ASC 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (“ASC 480”), ASC 815 Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”).

We determined that the debt achieved conventional convertible status and that the equity conversion option was in the money at inception which required the calculation of a beneficial conversion feature (“BCF”). The fair value of the warrants and BCF component exceeded the amount of proceeds, therefore, they were limited to the cash proceeds of $1,050,000 at December 31, 2018. As a result, there was no value allocated to the debt at inception. The debt was being accreted to face value over its term using the effective interest method. The face value of this debt was $1.05 million at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019.

Term Extension (July 8, 2019)

On July 8, 2019, we entered into a Second Amendment to Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement and Note and Warrant Modification Agreement (the “Second Amendment”) with the lenders pursuant to which certain terms and provisions of the Notes and Warrants were amended or otherwise modified. The material terms and provisions that were amended or otherwise modified are as follows:

| • |  | the maturity date of the Notes was extended by one year, to July 12, 2020 (the parties are currently in discussions to further extend the maturity date of the Notes);

| • |  | the conversion rate of the Notes and the exercise price of the Warrants were modified to $5.756, which represented the “market price” of Odyssey’s common stock as of July 7, 2019, the day before the Second Amendment was signed;

| • |  | the Notes are unsecured;

| • |  | the Notes are convertible only into shares of Odyssey common stock; and

| • |  | the modified Warrants are exercisable at any time until July 8, 2024 to purchase an aggregate of 196,135 shares of our common stock.

We evaluated the amendment’s impact on the accounting for the Note in accordance with ASC 470-50-40-6 through 12 to determine whether extinguishment accounting was appropriate. The modification had a cash flow effect on a present value basis of less than 10%. However, the reduction in the conversion price resulted in a change in the fair value of the embedded conversion option that was more than 10% of the carrying value of the Note immediately prior to the modification. Because the amendment resulted in a substantial modification, extinguishment accounting was required, and we recorded a loss on the extinguishment of debt of $290,024. The warrant modification was treated as an inducement to extend the debt therefore the fair value of the warrants of $868,878 was a period expense and charged to interest expense with an offset to equity.

The extinguishment accounting resulted in a fair value reacquisition price of this debt of $1,340,024 with a premium of $290,024 which was being amortized over the remaining life of the debt.

Term Extension (August 14, 2020)

On August 14, 2020, we entered into a Third Amendment to Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement and Note and Warrant Modification Agreement (the “Third Amendment”) with the Lenders pursuant to which certain terms and provisions of the Notes modified and we issued a new warrant to purchase common stock to each of the Lenders as consideration for them entering into the Third Amendment. The warrants have an exercise price of $4.67 and are exercisable any time until August 14, 2023. The material terms and provisions that were amended or otherwise modified are as follows:

| • |  | the maturity date of the Notes was extended by one year, to July 12, 2021 and

| • |  | the conversion rate of the Notes was modified to $4.67.

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As of August 14, 2020, the aggregate amount of indebtedness outstanding under the Notes was $1,232,846. As amended by the Third Amendment, the Notes are convertible into an aggregate of 263,993 shares of our common stock and the new Warrants are exercisable to purchase an aggregate of 131,996 shares of our common stock for $4.67.

The modification of the Notes and the issuance of the warrants, were evaluated under ASC 470-50-40, “Debt Modification and Extinguishments.” By applying the guidance, the Notes were determined to be substantially different and the transaction qualified for extinguishment accounting. As a result, we recorded a loss on extinguishment of approximately $777,500, which included the fair value of the warrants given as consideration for the modification. The premium of $358,497 is being amortized over the remaining life of the debt. The related amortization for the three and nine-months ended September 30, 2020 was $78,050 and $217,028, respectively.

Litigation Financing

On June 14, 2019, Odyssey and Exploraciones Oceánicas S. de R.L. de C.V., our Mexican subsidiary (“ExO” and, together with Odyssey, the “Claimholder”), and Poplar Falls LLC (the “Funder”) entered into an International Claims Enforcement Agreement (the “Agreement”), pursuant to which the Funder agreed to provide financial assistance to the Claimholder to facilitate the prosecution and recovery of the claim by the Claimholder against the United Mexican States under Chapter Eleven of the North American Free Trade Agreement (“NAFTA”) for violations of the Claimholder’s rights under NAFTA related to the development of an undersea phosphate deposit off the coast of Baja Sur, Mexico (the “Project”), on our own behalf and on behalf of ExO and United Mexican States (the “Subject Claim”). Pursuant to the Agreement, the Funder agreed to specified fees and expenses regarding the Subject Claim (the “Claims Payments”) incrementally and at the Funder’s sole discretion.

Under the terms of the Agreement, the Funder agreed to make Claims Payments in an aggregate amount not to exceed $6,500,000 (the “Maximum Investment Amount”). The Maximum Investment Amount will be made available to the Claimholder in two phases, as set forth below:

| (c) | a first phase, in which the Funder shall make Claims Payments in an aggregate amount no greater than $1,500,000 for the payment of antecedent and ongoing costs (“Phase I Investment Amount”); and

| (d) | a second phase, in which the Funder shall make Claims Payments in an aggregate amount no greater than $5,000,000 for the purposes of pursuing the Subject Claim to a final award (“Phase II Investment Amount”).

Upon exhaustion of the Phase I Investment Amount, the Claimholder will have the option to request Tranche A of the Phase II Investment Amount, consisting of funding up to $3.5 million (“Tranche A Committed Amount”). Upon exhaustion of the Tranche A Committed Amount, the Claimholder will have the option to request Tranche B of the Phase II Investment Amount, consisting of funding of up to $1.5 million (“Tranche B Committed Amount”). The Claimholder must exercise its option to receive the Tranche A Committed Amount in writing, no less than thirty days before submitting a Funding Request to the Funder under Tranche A. The Claimholder must exercise its option to receive the Tranche B Committed Amount in writing within forty-five days after the exhaustion of the Tranche A Committed Amount. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Claimholder agreed that, upon exercising the Claimholder’s option to receive funds under Phase I, Tranche A of Phase II, or Tranche B of Phase II, the Funder will be the sole source of third-party funding for the specified fees and expenses of the Subject Claim under each respective phase and tranche covered by the option exercised, and the Claimholder will obtain funding for such fees and expenses only as set forth in the Agreement. The Funder was due closing fee of $80,000 for the Phase I Investment Amount, and $80,000 for the Phase II Investment Amount to pay third parties in connection with due diligence and other administrative and transaction costs incurred by the Funder prior to and in furtherance of execution of the Agreement.

Upon the Funder making Claims Payments to the Claimholder or its designees in an aggregate amount equal to the Maximum Investment Amount, the Funder has the option to continue funding the specified fees and expenses in relation to the Subject Claim on the same terms and conditions provided in the Agreement. The Funder must exercise its option to continue funding in writing, within thirty days after the Funder has made Claims Payments in an aggregate amount equal to the Maximum Investment Amount. If the Funder exercises its option to continue funding, the parties agreed to attempt in good faith to amend the Agreement to provide the Funder with the right to provide at the Funder’s discretion funding in excess of the Maximum Investment Amount, in an amount up to the greatest amount that may then be reasonably expected to be committed for investment in Subject Claim. If the Funder declines to exercise its option, the Claimholder may negotiate and enter into agreements with one or more third parties to provide funding, which shall be subordinate to the Funder’s rights under the Agreement.

The Agreement provides that the Claimholder may at any time without the consent of the Funder either settle or refuse to settle the Subject Claim for any amount; provided, however, that if the Claimholder settles the Subject Claim without the Funder’s consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned, or delayed, the value of the Recovery Percentage (as defined below) will be deemed to be the greater of (a) the Recovery Percentage (under Phase I or Phase II, as applicable), or (b) the total amount of all Claims Payments made in connection with such Subject Claim multiplied by three (3).

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If the Claimholder ceases the Subject Claim for any reason other than (a) a full and final arbitral award against the Claimholder or (b) a full and final monetary settlement of the claims, including in particular, for a grant of an environmental permit to the Claimholder allowing it to proceed with the Project (with or without a monetary component), all Claims Payments under Phase I and, if Claimholder has exercised the corresponding option, the Tranche A Committed Amount and Tranche B Committed Amount, shall immediately convert to a senior secured liability of the Claimholder. This sum shall incur an annualized internal rate of return (IRR) of 50.0% retroactive to the date each Funding Request was paid by the Funder (under Phase I), or, to the conversion date for the Tranche A Committed Amount and Tranche B Committed Amount of Phase II if the Claimholder has exercised the respective option (collectively, the “Conversion Amount”). Such Conversion Amount and any and all accrued IRR shall be payable in-full by the Claimholder within 24 months of the date of such conversion, after which time any outstanding Conversion Amounts, shall accrue an (IRR) of 100.0%, retroactive to the conversion date (the “Penalty Interest Amount”). The Claimholder will execute such documents and take other actions as necessary to grant the Funder a senior security interest on and over all sums due and owing by the Claimholder in order to secure its obligation to pay the Conversion Amount to the Funder. If the Claimholder ceases the Subject Claim due to the grant of an environmental permit (with or without a monetary component), all Claims Payments under Phase 1 and, if the Claimholder has exercised the corresponding option, the Tranche A Committed Amount and Tranche B Committed Amount shall immediately convert to a senior secured liability of the Claimholder and shall incur an annualized an IRR of 50.0% on the Conversion Amount, from the conversion date. Management has estimated it is more likely than not the Subject Claim will result in the issuance of the environmental permit requiring us to record interest under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles. Reliance should not be placed on this estimate in determining the likely outcome of the Subject Claim.

If, at any time after exercising its option to receive funds under either Tranche A or Tranche B of Phase II, the Claimholder wishes to fund the Subject Claim with its own capital (“Self-Funding”) (which excludes any Claims Payments made, either directly or indirectly, by any other third party), the Claimholder shall immediately pay to the Funder the Conversion Amount, provided that this requirement shall not apply if, after the Funder has made Claims Payments in an aggregate amount equal to the Maximum Investment Amount, the Funder does not exercise its option to provide Follow-On Funding.

In the event of any receipt of proceeds resulting from the Subject Claim (“Proceeds”), the Funder shall be entitled to any additional sums above the Conversion Amount to which the Funder is entitled as described below. Should the Claimholder cease the Subject Claim as described above after Self-Funding the Claim, accrued IRR and Penalty Interest shall be calculated and paid to the Funder as set forth above. The Funder’s rights to the Recovery Percentage as defined below shall survive any decision by Claimholder to utilize Self-Funding. The parties acknowledge this Agreement constitutes a sale of the right to a portion of the Proceeds (if any) arising from the Subject Claim as set forth in this Agreement. The Claimholder has relinquished its right to the portion of the proceeds, if any, that the Funder would have the right to as described below. This sale of proceeds is being accounted for under the guidance of ASC 470-10-25 Recognition (Sales of Future Revenues)

On each Distribution Date, distributions of the Proceeds shall be made to the Claimholder and the Funder in accordance with subparagraph (a) or (b) below (the “Recovery Percentage”), as applicable:

| (c) | If the Claimholder receives only the Phase I Investment Amount from the Funder, the first Proceeds shall be distributed as follows:

(i) |  | first, 100.0% to the Funder, until the cumulative amount distributed to the Funder equals the total Claims Payments paid by the Funder under Phase I;

(ii) |  | second, 100.0% to the Funder until the cumulative amount distributed to the Funder equals an IRR of 20% of Claims Payments paid by the Funder under Phase I (“Phase I Compensation”), per annum; and

(iii) |  | thereafter, 100.0% to the Claimholder.

| (d) | If the Claimholder exercises its options to receive Tranche A or both Tranche A and Tranche B of the Phase II Investment Amount, the first Proceeds shall be distributed as follows:

(i) |  | first, 100.0% to the Funder until the cumulative amount distributed to the Funder equals the total Claims Payments paid by the Funder under Phases I and II;

(ii) |  | second, 100.0% to the Funder until the cumulative amount distributed to the Funder equals an additional 300.0% of Phase I Investment Amount; plus an additional 300% of the Tranche A Committed Amount (i.e. 300.0% of $3.5 million), less any amounts remaining of the Tranche A Committed Amount that the Funder did not pay as Claims Payments; plus an additional 300.0% of the Tranche B Committed Amount (i.e. 300.0% of $1.5 million), if the Claimholder exercises the Tranche B funding option, less any amounts remaining of the Tranche B Committed Amount that the Funder did not pay as Claims Payments;

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| (iii) | third, for each $10,000 in specified fees and expenses paid by the Funder under Phase I and Phase II and any amounts over each $10,000 of the Tranche A Committed Amount and the Tranche B Committed Amount (if the Claimholder exercises the Tranche B funding option), 0.01% of the total Proceeds from any recoveries after repayment of (i) and (ii) above, to the Funder; and

(iv) |  | thereafter, 100% to the Claimholder.

The Agreement provides that if no Proceeds are ever paid to or received by the Claimholder or its representatives and if the environmental permit is not issued, the Funder shall have no right of recourse or right of action against the Claimholder or its representatives, or any of their respective property, assets, or undertakings, except as otherwise specifically contemplated by the Agreement. If (a) Proceeds are paid to or received by the Claimholder or its representatives; (b) such Proceeds are promptly applied and/or distributed by the Claimholder or on behalf of the Claimholder in accordance with the terms of the Agreement; and (c) the amount received by the Funder as a result thereof is not sufficient to pay all of the Recovery Percentage and all of the amounts due to the Funder under the Agreement, then (provided that all of the Proceeds which the Funder will ever be entitled to have been paid to or received by the Funder), the Funder shall have no right of recourse or action against the Claimholder or its Representatives, or any of their property, assets, or undertakings, except as otherwise specifically contemplated by the Agreement. Pursuant to the Agreement, the Claimholder acknowledged the Funder’s priority right, title, and interest in any Proceeds, including against any available collateral to secure its obligations under the Agreement, which security interest shall be first in priority as against all other security interests in the Proceeds. The Claimholder also acknowledged and agreed to execute and authorize the filing of a financing statement or similar and to take such other actions in such jurisdictions as the Funder, in its sole discretion, deems necessary and appropriate to perfect such security interest. The Agreement also includes representations and warranties, covenants, conditions, termination and indemnification provisions, and other provisions customary for comparable arrangements.

Amendment (January 31, 2020)

On January 31, 2020, Odyssey and the Funder entered into an Amended and Restated International Claims Enforcement Agreement (the “Restated Agreement”). The material terms and provisions that were amended or otherwise modified are as follows:

| • |  | The Funder has agreed to advance Odyssey up to $2.2 million in Arbitration Support Funds for the purpose of paying the Claimholder’s litigation support costs in connection with Subject Claim;

| • |  | A closing fee of $200,000 has been retained by the Funder in connection with due diligence and other transaction costs incurred by the Funder;

| • |  | A warrant was issued to purchase our common stock which is exercisable for a period of five years beginning on the earlier of (a) the date on which the Claimholder ceases the Subject Claim for any reason other than a full and final arbitral award against the Claimholder or a full and final monetary settlement of the claims or (b) the date on which Proceeds are received and deposited into escrow. The exercise price per share is $3.99, and the Funder can exercise the warrant to purchase the number of share of our common stock equal to the dollar amount of Arbitration Support Funds provided to us pursuant to the Restated Agreement divided by the exercise price per share (subject to customary adjustments and limitations); and

| • |  | All other terms in the Restated Agreement are substantially the same as in the original Agreement

As of September 30, 2020, the Funder provided us with $2.0 million in Arbitration Support Funds and we incurred $200,000 in related fees which were treated as an advance. Upon each funding, the proceeds are allocated between debt and equity for the warrants based on the relative fair value of the two instruments. As a result, there was a debt discount of $1,063,811 which is being amortized over the expected remaining term of the agreement using the effective interest method which is charged to interest expense. The total face value of this obligation at September 30, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was $9,081,787 and $2,957,097, respectively.

Promissory Note

On December 6, 2019, we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with 37North Capital SPV 11, LLC (the “Investor”) pursuant to which the Investor agreed to lend, in one or more transactions (each, a “Loan”), up to an aggregate of $2.0 million to us, subject to the terms and conditions of the Purchase Agreement. On December 10, 2019, the Investor made a Loan to us in the amount of $539,000 pursuant to the Purchase Agreement. An additional Loan of $490,000 was made in the first quarter of 2020. Each Loan is evidenced by a separate convertible promissory note (each, a “Note”). Unless otherwise converted as described below, the entire outstanding amount of all Loans will be due and payable on June 6, 2020 (the “Maturity Date”).

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At any time and from time to time until the three-month anniversary of the Maturity Date, all or any portion of the outstanding amount of each Note may, at the Investor’s election, be converted into shares of our common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (“Conversion Shares”). The number of Conversion Shares to be issued upon any conversion shall be equal to the quotient obtained by dividing the Applicable Conversion Amount (as defined below) by the Applicable Conversion Rate (as defined below). As defined in the Purchase Agreement, the “Applicable Conversion Amount” means, on the date of determination and with respect to each Note, (a) for the period beginning on the date of issuance and ending on the day immediately preceding the Maturity Date, an amount equal to 100.0% of the amount of the Loan evidenced by such Note then outstanding; (b) on the Maturity Date, 136.0% of the amount of the Loan evidenced by such Note then outstanding (such amount, the “Enhanced Conversion Amount”); (c) for the period beginning on the day immediately following the Maturity Date and for a period of three months thereafter (such three-month period, the “Accrual Period”), an amount equal to (i) the Enhanced Conversion Amount then outstanding plus (ii) an additional amount equal to 3.0% per month (prorated for any period of less than a full month) accrued on the amount described in clause (i); and (d) on any date after the Accrual Period, the amount then outstanding after giving effect to the accrual described in clause (c) during the Accrual Period (it being understood that no additional amount shall accrue after the expiration of the Accrual Period); and “Applicable Conversion Rate” means (x) with respect to any conversion on or prior to the Maturity Date, $5.00, and (y) with respect to any conversion after the Maturity Date, the lower of (i) $5.00 and (ii) 80.0% of the ten-day volume-weighted average price of Odyssey’s common stock. Notwithstanding anything in the Purchase Agreement to the contrary, we are prohibited from issuing any Conversion Shares, to the extent such shares, after giving effect to such issuance after conversion and when added to the number of Conversion Shares previously issued upon conversion of any of the Notes sold pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, would represent in excess of 19.9% of (A) the number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately after giving effect to such issuances or (B) the total voting power of our securities outstanding immediately after giving effect to such issuances that are entitled to vote on a matter being voted on by holders of our common stock. On May 6, 2020, Odyssey and the Investor agreed to amend the Purchase Agreement to additionally provide that, notwithstanding anything in the Purchase Agreement to the contrary, Odyssey is prohibited from issuing any Conversion Shares, to the extent such shares, after giving effect to such issuance after conversion and when added to the number of Conversion Shares previously issued upon conversion of any of the Notes sold pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, would represent in excess of 19.9% of the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of December 6, 2019. The maturity date was also extended to November 6, 2021. During July 2020, the lender converted $0.1 million of debt into 30,000 shares of our common stock at conversion rate of $3.71 per share. During September 2020, the lender converted $.4 million of the debt into 82,338 shares of our common stock at a conversion rate of $4.858 per share.

If, at any time prior to the Maturity Date, (a) we receive cash proceeds (the “Shipwreck Proceeds”) arising out of our salvage agreement relating to cargo recovered from a specified shipwreck, and (ii) the amount of the Shipwreck Proceeds equals at least 155.0% of the then-unpaid amount of all Loans, then we must repay in full the indebtedness outstanding under all the Notes by delivery of an amount equal to 155.0% of the then-unpaid amount of all Loans. In addition, at any time prior to the Maturity Date, we may repay all (but not less than all) of the then-unpaid amount of all Loans by delivery of an amount equal to 155.0% of the then-unpaid amount of all Loans; provided, that we must provide the Investor at least ten days’ notice of our intention to repay the indebtedness.

The Purchase Agreement and the Notes issued by Odyssey on December 10, 2019 and January 29, 2020, include representations and warranties and other covenants, conditions, and other provisions customary for comparable transactions.

We evaluated the Notes in accordance with ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and determined that they contain certain embedded derivatives whose economic risks and characteristics were not clearly and closely related to the risks of the host contract. The material embedded derivative features consisted of the embedded conversion option and contingent redemption provisions. The Company elected to initially and subsequently measure the Notes in their entirety at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings. FASB ASC 825-10-25 allows us to elect the fair value option for recording financial instruments when they are initially recognized or if there is an event that requires re-measurement of the instruments at fair value, such as a significant modification of the debt.

Because the Notes are carried in their entirety at fair value, the value of the compound embedded conversion feature is embodied in that fair value. The Company estimates the fair value of the hybrid instrument based on a probability weighted analysis which considers the present value of the cash flows using a credit risk adjusted rate enhanced by the redemption feature and the value of the conversion option valued using a Monte Carlo model. This method was considered by management to be the most appropriate method of encompassing the credit risk and exercise behavior that a market participant would consider when valuing the hybrid financial instrument. Inputs used to value the hybrid instrument at September 30, 2020 included, (i) present value of future cash flows using a credit risk adjusted rate of 18%, (ii) remaining term of approximately 1.2 months, (iii) volatility of 87%, (iv) closing stock price on the valuation date, and (v) the conversion price based on the lesser of $5.00 or 80% of the 10 day VWAP. Material changes due to instrument-specific credit risk are recorded in Other Comprehensive Income with all other changes in value being recorded in net income.

The fair value of the hybrid instrument was $861,485 as of December 31, 2019. The fair value of all the outstanding hybrid instruments were revalued at $960,800 as of September 30, 2020, resulting from additional proceeds of $490,000, conversions resulting in a reduction in fair value of $1,066,220, and a change in the fair value of the derivative liability of $250,319 for the three-months ended September 30, 2020 and $675,534 for the nine-months ended September 30, 2020.

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Promissory Note

We applied to Fifth Third Bancorp (“Fifth Third”) under the Small Business Administration (the “SBA”) Paycheck Protection Program of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act of 2020 (the “CARES Act”) for a loan of $370,400 (the “Loan”), and the Loan was made on April 16, 2020. The proceeds of the Loan were used to cover payroll costs, rent and utilities in accordance with the relevant terms and conditions of the CARES Act.

The Loan, which is evidenced by promissory note issued by us (the “Promissory Note”), has a two-year term, matures on April 16, 2022, and bears interest at a rate of 0.98% per annum. Monthly principal and interest payments, less the amount of any potential forgiveness (discussed below), will commence seven months from the month this Note is dated. We did not provide any collateral or guarantees for the Loan, nor did we pay any facility charge to obtain the Loan. The Promissory Note provides for customary events of default, including, among others, those relating to failure to make payment, bankruptcy, breaches of representations and material adverse effects. Odyssey may prepay the principal of the Loan at any time without incurring any prepayment charges.

The Loan may be forgiven partially or fully if the Loan proceeds are used for covered payroll costs, rent and utilities, provided that such amounts are incurred during the eight-week period that commenced on April 16, 2020, and at least 75% of any forgiven amount has been used for covered payroll costs. During June 2020, the 75% requirement was reduced to 60% and the eight-week period was amended to a 24 week period. Any forgiveness of the Loan will be subject to approval by the SBA and Fifth Third and will require us to apply for such treatment in the future.

Promissory Note

On June 26, 2020, we executed the standard loan documents required for securing an Economic Injury Disaster Loan (the “EIDL Loan”) from the United States Small Business Administration (the “SBA”). The principal amount of the EIDL Loan is $149,900, with proceeds to be used for working capital purposes. Interest on the EIDL Loan accrues at the rate of 3.75% per annum and installment payments, including principal and interest, are due monthly beginning twelve months from the date of the EIDL Loan in the amount of $731. The balance of principal and interest is payable thirty years from the date of the promissory note. In connection with the EIDL Loan, the Company executed the EIDL Loan documents, which include the SBA Secured Disaster Loan Note, dated May 16, 2020, the Loan Authorization and Agreement, dated May 16, 2020, and the Security Agreement, dated May 16, 2020, each between the SBA and the Company.

Going Concern Consideration

We have experienced several years of net losses and may continue to do so. Our ability to generate net income or positive cash flows for the following twelve months is dependent upon financings, our success in developing and monetizing our interests in mineral exploration entities, generating income from exploration charters, collecting on amounts owed to us, and completing the MINOSA/Penelope equity financing transaction approved by our stockholders on June 9, 2015.

Our 2020 business plan required us to generate new cash inflows to effectively allow us to perform our planned projects. We continually plan to generate new cash inflows through the monetization of our receivables and equity stakes in seabed mineral companies, financings, syndications or other partnership opportunities. If cash inflow ever becomes insufficient to meet our desired projected business plan requirements, we would be required to follow a contingency business plan which is based on curtailed expenses and fewer cash requirements. On August 21, 2020, we sold in the aggregate 2,553,314 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase up to 1,901,989 shares of our common stock. The net proceeds received from this sale, after offering expenses of $0.3 million, were $11.2 million (See NOTE J). These proceeds, coupled with the anticipated cash inflows are expected to provide operating funds through early 2022.

On March 11, 2015, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Minera del Norte S.A. de c.v. (“MINOSA”) and Penelope Mining LLC (“Penelope”), an affiliate of MINOSA, pursuant to which (a) MINOSA agreed to extend short-term, debt financing to Odyssey of up to $14.75 million, and (b) Penelope agreed to invest up to $101 million over three years in convertible preferred stock of Odyssey. The equity financing is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the approval of our stockholders which occurred on June 9, 2015, and MINOSA and Penelope are currently under no obligation to make the preferred share equity investments.

Our consolidated non-restricted cash balance at September 30, 2020 was $9.1 million. We have a working capital deficit at September 30, 2020 of $48.8 million. Our largest loan of $14.75 million from MINOSA had a due date of December 31, 2017 which is now linked to other stipulations, see NOTE I for further detail. The majority of our remaining assets have been pledged to MINOSA, and its affiliates, and to Monaco Financial LLC, leaving us with few opportunities to raise additional funds from our balance sheet. The total consolidated book value of our assets was approximately $14.0 million at September 30, 2020, which includes cash of $9.1 million, and the fair market value of these assets may differ from their net carrying book value. Even though we executed the above noted financing arrangement with Penelope, Penelope must purchase the shares for us to be able to complete

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the equity component of the transaction. The Penelope equity transaction is heavily dependent on the outcome of our subsidiary’s application approval process for an environmental permit (EIA) to commercially develop a mineralized phosphate deposit off the coast of Mexico. The factors noted above raise doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. These consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the amounts and classification of assets and liabilities that may be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

New Accounting Pronouncements

There are no recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, the AICPA or the SEC that are believed by management to have a material effect, if any, on the Company’s financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not engage in off-balance sheet financing arrangements. In particular, we do not have any interest in so-called limited purpose entities, which include special purpose entities (SPEs) and structured finance entities.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the exposure to loss resulting from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and equity prices. We currently do not have any debt obligations with variable interest rates.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

We maintain a set of disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms. As of the end of the period covered by this report, based on an evaluation carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, the CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective. There have been no significant changes in our internal controls over financial reporting to date in 2020 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is not currently a defendant to any litigation. From time to time in the ordinary course of business, we may be subject to or may assert a variety of claims or lawsuits. We are not a party to any litigation as a defendant where a loss contingency is required to be reflected in our consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

For information regarding risk factors, please refer to Item 1A in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019. Investors should consider such risk factors prior to making an investment decision with respect to the Company’s securities.

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable

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ITEM 6. Exhibits

31.1 |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Filed herewith electronically)
31.2 |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Filed herewith electronically)
32.1 |  | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Filed herewith electronically)
32.2 |  | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Filed herewith electronically)
101.1 |  | Interactive Data File

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

|  |  |  | ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC.
Date: November 16, 2020 |  |  |  | By: |  | /s/ Jay A. Nudi
|  |  |  |  |  | Jay A. Nudi, as Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer, and Authorized Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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