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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ | Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022.

or

☐ | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from |  | to |

Commission File Number 001-31895

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Nevada | 84-1018684
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

205 S. Hoover Blvd., Suite 210, Tampa, FL 33609

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

(813) 876-1776

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value | OMEX | NASDAQ Capital Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer: ☐ Accelerated filer: ☐

Non-accelerated filer: ☐ Smaller reporting company: ☒

Emerging growth company: ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the exchange act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act):

Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $0.0001 par value, as of October 25, 2022 was 19,507,469.

|  | Page No.
Part I: | Financial Information |
Item 1. | Financial Statements: |
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit | 5
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows | 6
| Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 8 – 17
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 18 – 26
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 26
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 27
Part II: | Other Information |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 27
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 27
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 27
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 27
Item 5. | Other Information | 27
Item 6. | Exhibits | 28
Signatures | 29

2

PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

|  | Unaudited September 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |
CURRENT ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 6,782,608 |  |  | $ | 2,274,751 |
Accounts receivable and other, net |  |  | 422,656 |  |  |  | 268,867 |
Other current assets |  |  | 481,384 |  |  |  | 776,630 |
Total current assets |  |  | 7,686,648 |  |  |  | 3,320,248 |
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT |  |  |  |  |  |
Equipment and office fixtures |  |  | 5,637,026 |  |  |  | 5,602,915 |
Right to use – operating lease, net |  |  | 341,833 |  |  |  | 461,109 |
Accumulated depreciation |  |  | (5,330,678 | ) |  |  | (5,584,881 | )
Total property and equipment |  |  | 648,181 |  |  |  | 479,143 |
NON-CURRENT ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment in unconsolidated entity |  |  | 4,147,008 |  |  |  | 3,253,950 |
Exploration license |  |  | 1,821,251 |  |  |  | 1,821,251 |
Other non-current assets |  |  | 34,295 |  |  |  | 34,295 |
Total non-current assets |  |  | 6,002,554 |  |  |  | 5,109,496 |
Total assets |  | $ | 14,337,383 |  |  | $ | 8,908,887 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |  |  |  |  |  |
CURRENT LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 2,568,554 |  |  | $ | 1,817,445 |
Accrued expenses |  |  | 37,715,418 |  |  |  | 27,844,107 |
Operating lease obligation |  |  | 172,665 |  |  |  | 163,171 |
Loans payable |  |  | 20,284,010 |  |  |  | 22,784,010 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 60,740,647 |  |  |  | 52,608,733 |
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans payable |  |  | 24,354,604 |  |  |  | 18,472,997 |
Operating lease obligation |  |  | 186,406 |  |  |  | 315,795 |
Total long-term liabilities |  |  | 24,541,010 |  |  |  | 18,788,792 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 85,281,657 |  |  |  | 71,397,525 |
Commitments and contingencies (NOTE G) |  |  |  |  |  |
STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred stock - $.0001 par value; 24,984,166 shares authorized; none outstanding |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Common stock – $.0001 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized; 19,507,469 and 14,309,315 issued and outstanding |  |  | 1,950 |  |  |  | 1,431 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 264,621,682 |  |  |  | 249,055,600 |
Accumulated (deficit) |  |  | (293,459,800 | ) |  |  | (275,090,857 | )
Total stockholders’ deficit before non-controlling interest |  |  | (28,836,168 | ) |  |  | (26,033,826 | )
Non-controlling interest |  |  | (42,108,106 | ) |  |  | (36,454,812 | )
Total stockholders’ deficit |  |  | (70,944,274 | ) |  |  | (62,488,638 | )
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit |  | $ | 14,337,383 |  |  | $ | 8,908,887 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - Unaudited

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |  |  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |
REVENUE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Marine services |  | $ | 298,083 |  |  | $ | 197,051 |  |  | $ | 893,058 |  |  | $ | 635,707 |
Operating and other |  |  | 60,326 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 155,235 |  |  |  | 35,354 |
Total revenue |  |  | 358,409 |  |  |  | 197,051 |  |  |  | 1,048,293 |  |  |  | 671,061 |
OPERATING EXPENSES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Marketing, general and administrative |  |  | 2,213,515 |  |  |  | 1,735,909 |  |  |  | 6,424,093 |  |  |  | 4,727,331 |
Operations and research |  |  | 1,864,883 |  |  |  | 1,632,336 |  |  |  | 8,151,052 |  |  |  | 6,858,938 |
Total operating expenses |  |  | 4,078,398 |  |  |  | 3,368,245 |  |  |  | 14,575,145 |  |  |  | 11,586,269 |
INCOME (LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS |  |  | (3,719,989 | ) |  |  | (3,171,194 | ) |  |  | (13,526,852 | ) |  |  | (10,915,208 | )
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net interest expense |  |  | (3,664,733 | ) |  |  | (2,866,959 | ) |  |  | (10,440,654 | ) |  |  | (7,876,688 | )
Gain (loss) on debt extinguishment |  |  | — |  |  |  | 374,835 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 374,835 |
Other |  |  | (4,835 | ) |  |  | (22,142 | ) |  |  | (54,731 | ) |  |  | 3,852,441 |
Total other income (expense) |  |  | (3,669,568 | ) |  |  | (2,514,266 | ) |  |  | (10,495,385 | ) |  |  | (3,649,412 | )
(LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES |  |  | (7,389,557 | ) |  |  | (5,685,460 | ) |  |  | (24,022,237 | ) |  |  | (14,564,620 | )
Income tax benefit (provision) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
NET (LOSS) BEFORE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST |  |  | (7,389,557 | ) |  |  | (5,685,460 | ) |  |  | (24,022,237 | ) |  |  | (14,564,620 | )
Non-controlling interest |  |  | 1,934,328 |  |  |  | 1,600,163 |  |  |  | 5,653,294 |  |  |  | 4,531,606 |
NET (LOSS) |  | $ | (5,455,229 | ) |  | $ | (4,085,297 | ) |  | $ | (18,368,943 | ) |  | $ | (10,033,014 | )
NET (LOSS) PER SHARE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic and diluted (See NOTE B) |  | $ | (0.28 | ) |  | $ | (0.31 | ) |  | $ | (1.11 | ) |  | $ | (0.77 | )
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  | 19,482,118 |  |  |  | 13,273,241 |  |  |  | 16,569,240 |  |  |  | 12,971,591 |
Diluted |  |  | 19,482,118 |  |  |  | 13,273,241 |  |  |  | 16,569,240 |  |  |  | 12,971,591 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN

STOCKHOLDER’S DEFICIT - Unaudited

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2022 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Non-controlling Interest |  |  | Total |
June 30, 2022 |  | $ | 1,946 |  |  | $ | 264,323,108 |  |  | $ | (288,004,571 | ) |  | $ | (40,173,778 | ) |  | $ | (63,853,295 | )
Share-based compensation |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 318,526 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 318,530 |
Common stock issued for cash, net |  |  | — |  |  |  | (19,952 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (19,952 | )
Net (loss) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (5,455,229 | ) |  |  | (1,934,328 | ) |  |  | (7,389,557 | )
September 30, 2022 |  | $ | 1,950 |  |  | $ | 264,621,682 |  |  | $ | (293,459,800 | ) |  | $ | (42,108,106 | ) |  | $ | (70,944,274 | )

|  | Three Months Ended September 30, 2021 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Non-controlling Interest |  |  | Total |
June 30, 2021 |  | $ | 1,302 |  |  | $ | 240,393,183 |  |  | $ | (271,082,179 | ) |  | $ | (33,214,870 | ) |  | $ | (63,902,564 | )
Share-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  |  | 312,646 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 312,646 |
Common stock issued for converted convertible debt |  |  | 29 |  |  |  | 1,325,553 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,325,582 |
Net (loss) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (4,085,297 | ) |  |  | (1,600,163 | ) |  |  | (5,685,460 | )
September 30, 2021 |  | $ | 1,331 |  |  | $ | 242,031,382 |  |  | $ | (275,167,476 | ) |  | $ | (34,815,033 | ) |  | $ | (67,949,796 | )

|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Non-controlling Interest |  |  | Total |
December 31, 2021 |  | $ | 1,431 |  |  | $ | 249,055,600 |  |  | $ | (275,090,857 | ) |  | $ | (36,454,812 | ) |  | $ | (62,488,638 | )
Share-based compensation |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 865,001 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 865,026 |
Common stock issued for cash, net |  |  | 494 |  |  |  | 9,254,116 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,254,610 |
Fair value of warrants issued |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,446,965 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,446,965 |
Net (loss) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (18,368,943 | ) |  |  | (5,653,294 | ) |  |  | (24,022,237 | )
September 30, 2022 |  | $ | 1,950 |  |  | $ | 264,621,682 |  |  | $ | (293,459,800 | ) |  | $ | (42,108,106 | ) |  | $ | (70,944,274 | )

|  | Nine Months Ended September 30, 2021 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Non-controlling Interest |  |  | Total |
December 31, 2020 |  | $ | 1,259 |  |  | $ | 237,505,357 |  |  | $ | (265,134,462 | ) |  | $ | (30,283,427 | ) |  | $ | (57,911,273 | )
Share-based compensation |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 937,938 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 937,939 |
Common stock issued for converted convertible debt |  |  | 70 |  |  |  | 2,774,209 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,774,279 |
Common stock issued for services |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 99,999 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 100,000 |
Sale of subsidiary equity |  |  | — |  |  |  | 713,879 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 713,879 |
Net (loss) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (10,033,014 | ) |  |  | (4,531,606 | ) |  |  | (14,564,620 | )
September 30, 2021 |  | $ | 1,331 |  |  | $ | 242,031,382 |  |  | $ | (275,167,476 | ) |  | $ | (34,815,033 | ) |  | $ | (67,949,796 | )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - Unaudited

|  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net loss before non-controlling interest |  | $ | (24,022,237 | ) |  | $ | (14,564,620 | )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used) in operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment in unconsolidated entity |  |  | (893,058 | ) |  |  | (635,073 | )
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 28,509 |  |  |  | 6,566 |
Financing fees amortization |  |  | 110,172 |  |  |  | 97,269 |
Amortization of loan prepayment premium |  |  | 300,000 |  |  |  | — |
Note payable interest accretion |  |  | 216,286 |  |  |  | (21,443 | )
Right of use asset amortization |  |  | 119,276 |  |  |  | 108,109 |
Share-based compensation |  |  | 1,025,283 |  |  |  | 937,939 |
Loss (gain) on debt forgiveness |  |  | — |  |  |  | (374,835 | )
Deferred income |  |  | — |  |  |  | (3,818,750 | )
(Increase) decrease in: |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable |  |  | (153,788 | ) |  |  | (92,431 | )
Other assets |  |  | 295,246 |  |  |  | 372,422 |
Increase (decrease) in: |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  |  | 6,301,005 |  |  |  | 4,537,885 |
Accrued expenses and other |  |  | 10,641,134 |  |  |  | 9,310,413 |
NET CASH USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |  | (6,032,172 | ) |  |  | (4,136,549 | )
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase of property and equipment |  |  | (316,823 | ) |  |  | (16,141 | )
NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES |  |  | (316,823 | ) |  |  | (16,141 | )
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from issuance of loans payable |  |  | 2,200,000 |  |  |  | 1,278,218 |
Payment of operating lease liability |  |  | (119,895 | ) |  |  | (104,303 | )
Proceeds from sale of equity of subsidiary |  |  | — |  |  |  | 713,879 |
Payment of debt obligation |  |  | (5,361,560 | ) |  |  | (355,273 | )
Repurchase of stock-based awards withheld for payment of withholding tax requirements |  |  | (563,268 | ) |  |  | — |
Offering cost paid on sale of common stock |  |  | (1,810,800 | ) |  |  | — |
Proceeds from sale of commons stock |  |  | 16,512,375 |  |  |  | — |
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES |  |  | 10,856,852 |  |  |  | 1,532,521 |
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |  |  | 4,507,857 |  |  |  | (2,620,169 | )
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD |  |  | 2,274,751 |  |  |  | 6,163,205 |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD |  | $ | 6,782,608 |  |  | $ | 3,543,036 |
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest paid |  | $ | 222,000 |  |  | $ | — |
Income taxes paid |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING TRANSACTIONS: |  |  |  |  |  |
Director compensation settled with equity |  | $ | 403,012 |  |  | $ | 100,000 |
Gain on debt forgiveness |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 370,400 |

Non-Cash Disclosure:

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we received $5,355,149 and $3,146,896, respectively, in non-cash financing associated with our litigation financing as described in Note H – Litigation financing. The funder paid this amount directly to vendors used in our North American Free Trade Agreement (“NAFTA”) litigation support.

On March 30, 2021, Epsilon Acquisitions LLC converted indebtedness of $1,448,697 at an exercise price of $3.52 into 411,562 shares of our common stock.

6

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - Unaudited - Continued

On July 12, 2021, certain creditors converted $1,325,582 of our convertible indebtedness held by them into 283,850 shares of our common stock at a conversion rate of $4.67 per share.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE A - BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Odyssey Marine Exploration, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company,” “Odyssey,” “us,” “we” or “our”) have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the instructions to Form 10-Q and, therefore, do not include all information and footnotes normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position as of September 30, 2022 and the results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.

Accounting standards adopted

In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2020-06, Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40). The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities that meet the definition of a Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filer, excluding entities eligible to be smaller reporting companies as defined by the SEC, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The FASB specified that an entity should adopt the guidance as of the beginning of its annual fiscal year.

The amendments in ASU No. 2020-06 affect entities that issue convertible instruments and/or contracts in an entity’s own equity. For convertible instruments, the instruments primarily affected are those issued with beneficial conversion features or cash conversion features because the accounting models for those specific features are removed. However, all entities that issue convertible instruments are affected by the amendments to the disclosure requirements in this update. For contracts in an entity’s own equity, the contracts primarily affected are freestanding instruments and embedded features that are accounted for as derivatives under the current guidance because of failure to meet the settlement conditions of the derivatives scope exception related to certain requirements of the settlement assessment. The FASB simplified the settlement assessment by removing the requirements (1) to consider whether the contract would be settled in registered shares, (2) to consider whether collateral is required to be posted, and (3) to assess shareholder rights. Those amendments also affect the assessment of whether an embedded conversion feature in a convertible instrument qualifies for the derivatives scope exception. Additionally, the amendments in this update affect the diluted EPS calculation for instruments that may be settled in cash or shares and for convertible instruments. We adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2022.

On October 31, 2018, the SEC adopted a final rule (“New Final Rule”) that replaced SEC Industry Guide 7 with new disclosure requirements that are more closely aligned with current industry and global regulatory practices and standards. Companies must comply with the New Final Rule for the company’s first fiscal year beginning on or after January 1, 2021. We adopted this New Final Rule on January 1, 2021.

Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, the AICPA and the SEC did not or are not believed by management to have a material effect, if any, on the Company’s financial statements.

NOTE B - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

This summary of significant accounting policies of the Company is presented to assist in understanding our condensed consolidated financial statements. The financial statements and notes are representations of the Company’s management who are responsible for their integrity and objectivity and have prepared them in accordance with our customary accounting practices.

Principles of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries, both domestic and international. Equity investments in which we exercise significant influence but do not

8

control and of which we are not the primary beneficiary are accounted for using the equity method. All significant inter-company and intra-company transactions and balances have been eliminated. The results of operations attributable to the non-controlling interest are presented within equity and net income and are shown separately from the Company’s equity and net income attributable to the Company. Some of the existing inter-company balances, which are eliminated upon consolidation, include features allowing the liability to be converted into equity of a subsidiary, which if exercised, could increase the direct or indirect interest of the Company in the non-wholly owned subsidiaries.

Use of Estimates

Management uses estimates and assumptions in preparing these condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Those estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported revenues and expenses. Actual results could vary from the estimates that were used.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2021 condensed consolidated financial statements in order to conform to the classifications used in 2022. The reclassifications had no impact to operations or working capital.

Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable

Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company determines are within the scope of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. At contract inception, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC Topic 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract and determines those that are performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied. Sales, value add, and other taxes collected on behalf of third parties are excluded from revenue.

The Company currently generates revenues from service contracts with customers. Currently, there are two sources of revenue, marine services and other services. The contracts for these services provide research, scientific services, marine operations planning, management execution and project management. These services are billed generally on a monthly basis and recognized as revenue as the services are performed. Revenue is recognized at a point in time as services are provided, as the customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits provided by the Company each month. The Company generally does not receive any upfront consideration for these services, and there is no variable consideration for the services. Costs associated with both services include all direct consulting labor, and minimal supplies, and is charged to operations as a component of Operations and Research.

Accounts receivable are based on amounts billed to customers. Generally accepted accounting principles state an estimate is to be made for an allowance for doubtful accounts. We have determined no allowance is currently necessary. If we were to have a recorded allowance, the accounts receivable would be stated net of the recorded allowance.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and cash in banks. We also consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.

Exploration License

The Company follows the guidance pursuant to ASU 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other” in accounting for its Exploration License. Management determined the rights to use the license to have an indefinite life. This assessment is based on the historical success of renewing the license every two years since 2006, and the fact that management believes there are no legal, regulatory, or contractual provisions that would limit the useful life of the asset. The exploration license is not dependent on another asset or group of assets that could potentially limit the useful life of the exploration license. In the future, the recoverability of the license will be tested whenever circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable per the guidance of the ASC

9

topic 360 for Property, Plant and Equipment. We did no t have any impairments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Long-Lived Assets

Our policy is to recognize impairment losses relating to long-lived assets in accordance with the ASC 360 Property, Plant and Equipment. Decisions are based on several factors, including, but not limited to, management’s plans for future operations, recent operating results and projected cash flows. Impairment losses are included in depreciation at the time of impairment. We did not have any impairments for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Property and Equipment and Depreciation

Property and equipment is stated at historical cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method at rates based on the assets’ estimated useful lives which are normally between three and thirty years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over their estimated useful lives or lease term, if shorter. Items that may require major overhauls (such as marine equipment) that enhance or extend the useful life of these assets qualify to be capitalized and depreciated over the useful life or remaining life of that asset, whichever was shorter. All other repairs and maintenance were accounted for under the direct-expensing method and are expensed when incurred.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that would occur if dilutive securities and other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in our earnings. We use the if-converted method to compute potential common shares from stock options, restricted stock units, warrants, preferred stock, convertible notes or other convertible securities. When a net loss occurs, potential common shares have an anti-dilutive effect on earnings per share and such shares are excluded from the diluted EPS calculation.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the weighted average common shares outstanding year-to-date were 16,569,240 and 12,971,591, respectively. For the periods in which net losses occurred, all potential common shares were excluded from diluted EPS because the effect of including such shares would be anti-dilutive.

The potential common shares in the following tables represent potential common shares calculated using the if-converted method from outstanding options, stock awards and warrants that were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |  |  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |
Average market price during the period |  | $ | 3.02 |  |  | $ | 6.13 |  |  | $ | 4.58 |  |  |  | 6.65 |
In the money potential common shares from options excluded |  |  | 11,881 |  |  |  | 22,493 |  |  |  | 22,493 |  |  |  | 22,493 |
In the money potential common shares from warrants excluded |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,781,314 |  |  |  | 5,490,893 |  |  |  | 2,781,314 |

Potential common shares from out of the money options and warrants were also excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because calculation of the associated potential common shares has an anti-dilutive effect on EPS. The following table lists options and warrants that were excluded from diluted EPS:

10

|  | Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
Per share exercise price |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2021
Out of the money options excluded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
$3.42 |  | 3,091 |  | — |  | — |  | —
$3.59 |  | 7,521 |  | — |  | — |  | —
$12.48 |  | 136,833 |  | 136,833 |  | 136,833 |  | 136,833
$12.84 |  | 4,167 |  | 4,167 |  | 4,167 |  | 4,167
$26.40 |  | 75,158 |  | 75,158 |  | 75,158 |  | 75,158
Out-of-the-money warrants excluded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
$3.35 |  | 4,939,515 |  | — |  | — |  | —
$3.99 |  | 551,378 |  | — |  | — |  | —
$4.67 |  | 131,816 |  | — |  | 131,816 |  | —
$4.75 |  | 1,873,622 |  | — |  | 1,873,622 |  | —
$5.76 |  | 196,135 |  | — |  | 196,135 |  | —
$7.16 |  | 700,000 |  | 700,000 |  | 700,000 |  | 700,000
Total excluded |  | 8,619,236 |  | 916,158 |  | 3,117,731 |  | 916,158

The equivalent common shares relating to our unvested restricted stock awards that were excluded from potential common shares in the earning per share calculation due to having an anti-dilutive effect are:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |  |  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |
Excluded unvested restricted stock awards |  |  | 294,184 |  |  |  | 497,350 |  |  |  | 294,184 |  |  |  | 497,350 |

The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators used in computing basic and diluted net income per share:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |  |  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |
Net loss |  | $ | (5,455,229 | ) |  | $ | (4,085,297 | ) |  | $ | (18,368,943 | ) |  | $ | (10,033,014 | )
Numerator, basic and diluted net loss available to stockholders |  | $ | (5,455,229 | ) |  | $ | (4,085,297 | ) |  | $ | (18,368,943 | ) |  | $ | (10,033,014 | )
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shares used in computation – basic: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares outstanding |  |  | 19,482,118 |  |  |  | 13,273,241 |  |  |  | 16,569,240 |  |  |  | 12,971,591 |
Shares used in computation – diluted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares outstanding |  |  | 19,482,118 |  |  |  | 13,273,241 |  |  |  | 16,569,240 |  |  |  | 12,971,591 |
Net loss per share – basic and diluted |  | $ | (0.28 | ) |  | $ | (0.31 | ) |  | $ | (1.11 | ) |  | $ | (0.77 | )

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for using an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or the entire deferred tax asset will not be realized.

Stock-based Compensation

Our stock-based compensation is recorded in accordance with the guidance in the ASC topic for Stock-Based Compensation (See NOTE I).

11

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Financial instruments consist of cash, evidence of ownership in an entity, and contracts that both (i) impose on one entity a contractual obligation to deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity, or to exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity, and (ii) conveys to that second entity a contractual right (a) to receive cash or another financial instrument from the first entity, or (b) to exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. Accordingly, our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, derivative financial instruments and mortgage and loans payable. We carry cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and mortgage and loans payable at the approximate fair market value, and, accordingly, these estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that we could realize in a current market exchange. We carry derivative financial instruments at fair value as is required under current accounting standards.

Derivative financial instruments consist of financial instruments or other contracts that contain a notional amount and one or more underlying variables (e.g., interest rate, security price or other variable), require no initial net investment and permit net settlement. Derivative financial instruments may be free-standing or embedded in other financial instruments. Further, derivative financial instruments are initially, and subsequently, measured at fair value and recorded as liabilities or, in rare instances, assets. We generally do not use derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to cash-flow, market or foreign-currency risks. However, we have entered into certain other financial instruments and contracts with features that are either (i) not afforded equity classification, (ii) embody risks not clearly and closely related to host contracts, or (iii) may be net-cash settled by the counterparty. As required by ASC 815 – Derivatives and Hedging, these instruments are required to be carried as derivative liabilities, at fair value, in our financial statements with changes in fair value reflected in our income.

We adopted ASC Topic 820 for certain financial instruments measured as fair value on a recurring basis. ASC Topic 820 defines fair value, established a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820 established a three-tier fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value.

The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements). These tiers include:

Fair Value Hierarchy

The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are as follows:

Level 1. Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2. Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets), or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or corroborated with observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs also include non-binding market consensus prices that can be corroborated with observable market data, as well as quoted prices that were adjusted for security-specific restrictions.

Level 3. Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology are significant to the measurement of the fair value of assets or liabilities. Level 3 inputs also include non-binding market consensus prices or non-binding broker quotes that we were unable to corroborate with observable market data.

At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company did no t have any financial instruments measured on a recurring basis.

NOTE C – ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND OTHER

Our accounts receivable consist of the following:

|  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
Related party (see Note D) |  | $ | 422,653 |  |  | $ | 268,867 |
Other |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | — |
Total accounts receivable and other |  | $ | 422,656 |  |  | $ | 268,867 |

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NOTE D – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

We currently provide services to a deep-sea mineral exploration company, CIC Limited (“CIC”), which was organized and is majority owned and controlled by Greg Stemm, Odyssey’s past Chairman of the Board. Mr. Stemm’s involvement with this company was disclosed to, and approved by, the Odyssey Board of Directors and legal counsel pursuant to the terms of Mr. Stemm’s consulting agreement in effect at that time. A current Odyssey director, Mark B. Justh, made an investment into CIC’s parent company and indirectly owns approximately 11.5% of CIC. We expect Mr. Justh to recuse himself from any decisions of the Board of Directors regarding CIC. The Board of Directors made a determination that Mr. Justh’s indirect ownership in CIC does not impair his independence under applicable rules. We are providing these services to CIC pursuant to a Master Services Agreement that provides for back-office services in exchange for a recurring monthly fee as well as other deep-sea mineral related services on a cost-plus profit basis and will be compensated for these services with a combination of cash and equity in CIC. For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we invoiced CIC a total of $358,409 and $197,051, respectively, which was for technical and support services. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we invoiced CIC a total of $1,048,293 and $671,061, respectively, which was for technical and support services.

In furtherance of the Master Services Agreement, we plan to finance the acquisition of certain equipment required for implementation of CIC’s Marine Operations Plan, which is the comprehensive workplan for offshore operations, including exploration, survey and sampling of potential mineral deposits. In anticipation of entering into a lease-to-own equipment agreement with CIC in the fourth quarter of 2022, as of September 30, 2022 we have paid $310,119 toward the purchase of this equipment, and CIC has reimbursed $136,860 of that amount.

We have the option to accept equity in payment of the amounts due from CIC. See NOTE C for related accounts receivable at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and NOTE E for our investment in an unconsolidated entity.

The above terms and amounts are not necessarily indicative of the terms and amounts that would have been incurred had comparable transactions been entered into with independent parties.

NOTE E – INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED RELATED ENTITY

At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, our accumulated investment in CIC was $4,147,008 and $3,253,950, respectively, which is classified as an investment in unconsolidated entity in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

NOTE F - INCOME TAXES

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, we generated a federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforward of $19.9 million and generated $6.2 million of foreign NOL carryforwards. As of September 30, 2022, we had consolidated income tax NOL carryforwards for federal tax purposes of approximately $228.9 million and net operating loss carryforwards for foreign income tax purposes of approximately $81.1 million. From 2025 through 2027, approximately $47 million of the NOL will expire, and from 2028 through 2037, approximately $128 million of the NOL will expire. The NOL generated in 2018 through 2022 of approximately $53.8 million will be carried forward indefinitely.

NOTE G – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal Proceedings

The Company may be subject to a variety of claims and suits that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of business. We are not a party to any litigation as a defendant where a loss contingency is required to be reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Contingency

We owe consultants contingent success fees of up to $700,000 upon the approval and issuance of the Environmental Impact Assessment (“EIA”) for our Mexican subsidiary. The EIA has not been approved as of the date of this report.

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Going Concern Consideration

We have experienced several years of net losses and may continue to do so. Our ability to generate net income or positive cash flows for the following twelve months is dependent upon financings, our success in developing and monetizing our interests in mineral exploration entities, generating income from exploration charters, collecting on amounts owed to us, or completing the MINOSA/Penelope equity financing transaction.

Our 2022 business plan requires us to generate new cash inflows to effectively allow us to perform our planned projects. We continually plan to generate new cash inflows through the monetization of our receivables and equity stakes in seabed mineral companies, financings, syndications or other partnership opportunities. If cash inflow ever becomes insufficient to meet our desired projected business plan requirements, we would be required to follow a contingency business plan that is based on curtailed expenses and fewer cash requirements. On June 10, 2022, we sold an aggregate of 4,939,515 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase up to 4,939,515 shares of our common stock. The net proceeds received from this sale, after offering expenses of $1.8 million, were $14.7 million (See NOTE I). These proceeds, coupled with other anticipated cash inflows, are expected to provide operating funds through 2022.

On March 11, 2015, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Minera del Norte S.A. de c.v. (“MINOSA”) and Penelope Mining LLC (“Penelope”), an affiliate of MINOSA, pursuant to which (a) MINOSA agreed to extend short-term, debt financing to Odyssey of up to $14.75 million, and (b) Penelope agreed to invest up to $101 million over three years in convertible preferred stock of Odyssey. The equity financing is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the approval of our stockholders which occurred on June 9, 2015, and MINOSA and Penelope are currently under no obligation to make the preferred share equity investments.

Our consolidated non-restricted cash balance at September 30, 2022 was $6.8 million. We have a working capital deficit at September 30, 2022 of ($53.1) million. The total consolidated book value of our assets was approximately $14.3 million at September 30, 2022, which includes cash of $6.8 million. Even though we executed the above-noted financing arrangement with Penelope, Penelope must purchase the shares for us to be able to complete the equity component of the transaction. The Penelope equity transaction is heavily dependent on the outcome of our subsidiary’s application approval process for an EIA to commercially develop a mineralized phosphate deposit off the coast of Mexico. The factors noted above raise doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. These condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the amounts and classification of assets and liabilities that may be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

Lease commitment

At September 30, 2022, the right of usage (“ROU”) asset and lease obligation for our corporate office operating lease were, $249,371 and $262,023, respectively.

The remaining lease payment obligations are as follows:

Year ending December 31, |  | Annual payment obligation |
2022 |  | $ | 38,648 |
2023 |  |  | 156,524 |
2024 |  |  | 92,884 |
|  | $ | 288,056 |

At September 30, 2022, the ROU asset and lease obligation for our marine operations operating lease were, $92,462 and $97,048, respectively.

The remaining lease payment obligations are as follows:

Year ending December 31, |  | Annual payment obligation |
2022 |  | $ | 13,246 |
2023 |  |  | 53,382 |
2024 |  |  | 40,930 |
|  | $ | 107,558 |

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We recognized approximately $54,600 and $41,000 in rent expense associated with these leases for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and approximately $163,600 and $122,000 in rent expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

NOTE H –LOANS PAYABLE

The Company’s consolidated notes payable consisted of the following carrying values and related interest expense at:

|  | Note payable |  |  | Interest expense |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |  |  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |  |  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |
MINOSA 1 |  | $ | 14,750,001 |  |  | $ | 14,750,001 |  |  |  | 297,435 |  |  | $ | 297,424 |  |  | $ | 882,585 |  |  | $ | 882,574 |
MINOSA 2 |  |  | 5,050,000 |  |  |  | 5,050,000 |  |  |  | 127,296 |  |  |  | 127,287 |  |  |  | 377,720 |  |  |  | 377,711 |
Litigation financing |  |  | 24,204,704 |  |  |  | 18,323,097 |  |  |  | 3,160,329 |  |  |  | 1,927,179 |  |  |  | 8,618,349 |  |  |  | 5,187,181 |
Emergency Injury Disaster Loan |  |  | 149,900 |  |  |  | 149,900 |  |  |  | 1,462 |  |  |  | 2,192 |  |  |  | 4,384 |  |  |  | 8,641 |
Vendor note payable |  |  | 484,009 |  |  |  | 484,009 |  |  |  | 14,637 |  |  |  | 14,640 |  |  |  | 43,440 |  |  |  | 43,443 |
Monaco |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,500,000 |  |  |  | 74,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 222,000 |  |  |  | — |
37North |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 300,000 |  |  |  | — |
|  | $ | 44,638,614 |  |  | $ | 41,257,007 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Litigation Financing

For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we recorded $76,133 and $63,689, respectively, of interest expense from the amortization of the debt discount and $36,724 and $36,724 of interest from the fee amortization, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we recorded $216,286 and $174,420, respectively, of interest expense from the amortization of the debt discount and $110,172 and $97,269 of interest from the fee amortization, respectively. The September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 carrying value of the debt was $24,204,704 and $18,323,097, respectively, and was net of unamortized debt fees of $183,621 and $293,793, respectively, as well as the net unamortized debt discount of $433,642 and $649,928, respectively, associated with the fair value of the warrant. The total face value of this obligation at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was $24,821,967 and $19,266,818, respectively.

37North

On March 7, 2022 we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (“Note Agreement”) with 37North SPV 11, LLC (“37N”) in which 37N agreed to loan us up to $2,000,000. These loan proceeds were received in full on March 25, 2022. Pursuant to the Note Agreement, the indebtedness was non-interest bearing and matured on June 25, 2022. Anytime from 30 days after the maturity date, 37N had the option to convert all or a portion of the outstanding amount of the indebtedness into conversion shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (A) 125% of the amount of the indebtedness, by (B) the lower of $5.94 and 70% of the 10-day VWAP. The aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock to be issued in connection with conversion of the indebtedness was not to exceed i) 19.9% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock prior to the date of the Agreement, ii) 19.9% of the combined voting power of the outstanding voting securities, or iii) exceed the applicable listing rules of the Principal Market if the stockholders did not approve the issuance of Common Stock upon conversion of the indebtedness.

Any time prior to maturity, we had the option to prepay the indebtedness at an amount of 110% of the unpaid principal. From the maturity date to 29 days after the maturity date (July 24, 2022), we were permitted to prepay all (but not less than) an amount equal to 115% of the unpaid amount of the indebtedness. Anytime, after the 30th day after the maturity date (July 25, 2022), we were permitted to prepay all (but not less than) an amount equal to 125% of the unpaid amount of the indebtedness, however, we were required to provide 37N a prepayment notice at least 10 days prior to repayment. If 37N delivered an exercise notice during this 10-day period, the Note would be converted, rather than prepaid.

If 37N delivered an exercise notice and the number of shares issuable is limited by the 19.9% limitation outlined above, then we were permitted to prepay all (but not less than all) an amount equal to 130% of the remaining unpaid amount.

On June 29, 2022, the Company paid $2,200,000 of the outstanding amounts payable under the Note Agreement with 37N. On July 6, 2022, the Company paid the remaining $100,000 of the outstanding amounts payable under the Note Agreement with 37N.

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Accounting considerations

We evaluated the indebtedness and determined the shares issuable pursuant to the conversion option were determinate due to the cap on the number of issuable shares, and, as such, met the requirements for a derivative scope exception for instruments that are both indexed to an entity’s own stock and classified in stockholders’ equity. The optional and contingent prepayment options provide the right to accelerate the settlement of debt; however, the prepayment options can only be exercised by the Company. As such, they are considered clearly and closely related to the debt host instrument and bifurcation was not necessary. We early adopted ASC 2020-06, so we were not required to analyze the instrument for a beneficial conversion feature, and the instrument was recorded wholly as debt. Although the indebtedness did not bear interest, it was required to be repaid at amounts greater than the face value. According to ASC 470-10-35-2, if a debt instrument has a contractual maturity date that can be extended at the issuer’s option, at an increasing rate, the debt discounts and issuance costs must be amortized over the period in which the debt is estimated to be outstanding, even if that period extends beyond the debt’s original contractual maturity date. The difference between the proceeds received and the repayment amount are generally amortized over the expected life of the indebtedness using the effective interest method. Management estimated the expected life to be very limited, so the entire expected repayment amount of $2.2 million, representing 110% of the indebtedness, was recorded upon issuance of the Note Agreement. We recognized $300,000 of interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Certain default put provisions were not considered to be clearly and closely related to the debt host, but management concluded that the value of these default put provisions was de minimis.

Accrued interest

Total accrued interest associated with our financings was $31,585,946 and $21,875,753 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Accrued interest is included in accrued expenses on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

NOTE I – STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT

Common Stock

On July 10, 2022, we sold an aggregate of 4,939,515 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase up to 4,939,515 shares of our common stock. The net proceeds received from sale, after offering expenses of $1.8 million, were $14.7 million. The shares of common stock and warrants were sold in units, with each unit consisting of one share of common stock and one warrant to purchase one share of common stock at an exercise price of $3.35 per share of common stock. Each unit was sold at a negotiated price of $3.35 per unit. The warrants are exercisable at any time beginning on December 10, 2022, and ending on the close of business on June 10, 2027.

Warrants

In conjunction with our sale of shares common stock and warrants on July 10, 2022, as described above, we issued warrants to purchase up to 4,939,515 shares of our common stock. The warrants have an exercise price of $3.35 per share and are exercisable at any time beginning on December 10, 2022, and ending on the close of business on June 10, 2027.

Stock-Based Compensation

The share-based compensation charged against income, related to our restricted stock units, for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, was $293,785 and $312,646, respectively. The share-based compensation charged against income for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $1,025,283 and $937,939, respectively. We did no t grant stock options to employees or outside directors in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021.

On June 13, 2022, shareholders of the Company approved an amendment to the Company’s 2019 Stock Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the Plan by 1,600,000 shares, from 800,000 shares to 2,400,000 shares.

NOTE J – CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK

We do no t currently have any debt obligations with variable interest rates.

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NOTE K – SUBSEQUENT EVENT

We have evaluated subsequent events for recognition or disclosure through the date of this Form 10-Q is filed with the SEC.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis is intended to provide a narrative of our financial results and an evaluation of our results of operation and financial condition. The discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, the related notes to the financial statements and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

In addition to historical information, this discussion contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 regarding the Company’s expectations concerning its future operations, earnings and prospects. On the date the forward-looking statements are made, the statements represent the Company’s expectations, but the expectations concerning its future operations, earnings and prospects may change. The Company’s expectations involve risks and uncertainties and are based on many assumptions that the Company believes to be reasonable, but such assumptions may ultimately prove to be inaccurate or incomplete, in whole or in part. Accordingly, there can be no assurances that the Company’s expectations and the forward-looking statements will be correct. Please refer to the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of risk factors that could cause actual results to differ from the expectations stated in this discussion. Odyssey disclaims any obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements except as required by law.

Operational Update

Additional information regarding our announced projects can be found in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Only projects material in nature or with material status updates are discussed below. We may have other projects in various stages of planning or execution that may not be disclosed for security or legal reasons until considered appropriate by management or required by law.

Our subsea project portfolio contains multiple projects in various stages of development throughout the world and across different mineral resources. We are regularly adding new projects through the development of new deposits, acquisition of mineral rights/deposits and through a leveraged contracting model, which allows the company to earn equity in deep-sea mineral projects.

With respect to mineral deposits, Subpart 1300 of Regulations S-K outlines the SEC’s basic mining disclosure policy and what information may be disclosed in public filings.

Subsea Mineral Mining Exploration Projects

ExO Phosphate Project:

The "Exploraciones Oceanicas" Phosphate Project is a rich deposit of phosphate sands located 70-90 meters deep within Mexico’s Exclusive Economic Zone. This deposit contains a large amount of high-grade phosphate rock that can be extracted on a financially attractive basis (essentially a standard dredging operation). The product will be attractive to Mexican and other world producers of fertilizers and can provide important benefits to Mexico’s agricultural development.

The deposit lies within an exclusive mining concession licensed to the Mexican company Exploraciones Oceánicas S. de R.L. de CV (“ExO”). Oceanica Resources, S. de R.L., a Panamanian company (“Oceanica”) owns 99.99% of ExO, and Odyssey owns 56.29% of Oceanica through Odyssey Marine Enterprises, Ltd., a wholly owned Bahamian company (“Enterprises”).

In 2012, ExO was granted a 50-year mining license by Mexico (extendable for another 50 years at ExO’s option) for the deposit that lies 25-40 km offshore in Baja California Sur.

We spent more than three years preparing an environmentally sustainable development plan with the assistance of experts in marine dredging and leading environmental scientists from around the world. Key features of the environmental plan included:

•
No chemicals would be used in the dredging process or released into the sea.
•
A specialized return down pipe that exceeds international best practices to manage the return of dredged sands close to the seabed, limiting plume or impact to the water column and marine ecosystem (including primary production).
•
The seabed would be restored after dredging in such a way as to promote rapid regeneration of seabed organisms in dredged areas.
•
Ecotoxicology tests demonstrated that the dredging and return of sediment to the seabed would not have toxic effects on organisms.

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•
Sound propagation studies concluded that noise levels generated during dredging would be similar to whale-watching vessels, merchant ships and fisherman’s ships that already regularly transit this area, proving the system is not a threat to marine mammals.
•
Dredging limited to less than one square kilometre each year, which means the project would operate in only a tiny proportion of the concession area each year.
•
Proven turtle protection measures were incorporated, even though the deposit and the dredging activity are much deeper and colder than where turtles feed and live, making material harm to the species highly remote.
•
There will be no material impact on local fisheries as fishermen have historically avoided the water column directly above the deposit due to the naturally low occurrence of fish there.
•
The project would not be visible from the shoreline and would not impact tourism or coastal activities.
•
Precautionary mitigation measures were incorporated into the development plan in line with best-practice global operational standards.
•
The technology proposed to recover the phosphate sands has been safely used in Mexican waters for over 20 years on more than 200 projects.

Notwithstanding the factors stated above, in April 2016 the Mexican Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources (“SEMARNAT”) unlawfully rejected the permission to move forward with the project.

ExO challenged the decision in Mexican Federal court and in March 2018, the Tribunal Federal de Justicia Administrativa (“TFJA”), an 11-judge panel, ruled unanimously that SEMARNAT denied the application in violation of Mexican law and ordered the agency to re-take their decision. Just prior to the change in administration later in 2018, SEMARNAT denied the permit a second time in defiance of the court. ExO is once again challenging the unlawful decision of the Peña Nieto administration before the TFJA. In addition, in April 2019, we filed a North American Free Trade Agreement (“NAFTA”) Claim against Mexico to protect our shareholders’ interests and significant investment in the project.

Our claim seeks compensation of over $2 billion on the basis that SEMARNAT’s wrongful repeated denial of authorization has destroyed the value of our investment in the country and is in violation of the following provisions of NAFTA:

•
Article 1102. National Treatment.
•
Article 1105. Minimum Standard of Treatment; and
•
Article 1110. Expropriation and compensation.

We filed our First Memorial in the NAFTA case in September 2020. It is supported by documentary evidence and 20 expert reports and witness statements. In summary, this evidence includes:

•
MERITS: Testimony from independent environmental experts that the environmental impact of ExO’s phosphate project is minimal and readily mitigated by the mitigation measures proposed by ExO. Witnesses also testified that Mexico’s denial of environmental approval by the prior administration was politically motivated and not justified on environmental grounds, and that Mexico granted environmental permits to similar dredging projects in areas that are considered more environmentally sensitive than ExO’s project location.
•
RESOURCE: An independent certified marine geologist testified as to the size and character of the resource.
•
OPERATIONAL VIABILITY: Engineering experts testified that the project uses established dredging and processing technology, and the project’s anticipated CAPEX and OPEX was reasonable.
•
VALUE: A phosphate market analyst testified that the project’s projected CAPEX and OPEX would make the project one of the lowest cost phosphate rock resources in the world, and damages experts testified the project would be commercially viable and profitable.

Odyssey filed its First Memorial in the case on September 4, 2020. Mexico filed its Counter-Memorial on February 23, 2021. On June 29, 2021, we filed our reply to Mexico’s Counter-Memorial. Odyssey’s filings are available at www.odysseymarine.com/nafta. Mexico filed their Rejoinder on October 19, 2021. All filings are available on the ICSID website. The NAFTA Tribunal hearing took place from January 24 – January 29, 2022. On May 10, 2022, one final witness, whose testimony was delayed due to COVID, testified before the NAFTA Tribunal. In accordance with the procedural calendar, written post-hearing briefs were filed in September 2022. The evidentiary phase of the case is now closed, and the Tribunal may begin its deliberations. Odyssey cannot predict the length of these deliberations or when a ruling will be issued, but we remain confident in the merits of our case.

On June 14, 2019, Odyssey executed an agreement that provided up to $6.5 million in funding for prior, current and future costs of the NAFTA action. On January 31, 2020, this agreement was amended and restated, as a result of which the availability

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increased to $10.0 million. In December 2020, Odyssey announced it secured an additional $10 million from the funder to aid in our NAFTA case. On June 14, 2021, the funder agreed to fund up to an additional $5.0 million for litigation costs. The funder will not have any right of recourse against us unless the environmental permit is awarded or if proceeds are received (See NOTE H – Litigation Financing).

LIHIR Gold Project:

The exploration license for the Lihir Gold Project covers a subsea area that contains at least five prospective gold exploration targets in two different mineralization types: seamount-related epithermal and modern placer gold. Two subaqueous debris fields within the area are adjacent to the terrestrial Ladolam Gold Mine and are believed to have originated from the same volcanogenic source. The resource lies 500-2,000 meters deep in the Papua New Guinea Exclusive Economic Zone off the coast of Lihir Island, adjacent to the location of one of the world’s largest know terrestrial gold deposits. We have an 85.6% interest in Bismarck Mining Corporation, Ltd, the Papua New Guinea company that holds the exploration license for the project.

Previous exploration expeditions in the license area, including a survey conducted by Odyssey, indicate it is highly prospective for commercially viable gold content.

In August 2021, Papua New Guinea (“PNG”) issued a permit extension allowing Odyssey to continue with our exploration program. We have developed an exploration program for the Lihir Gold Project to validate and quantify the precious and base metal content of the prospective resource. The Company met with local regulatory authorities, specialists in local mining, environmental legal experts, and logistics support service companies in PNG to establish baseline business functions essential for a successful program to support upcoming marine exploration operations in the license area. This offshore work began in late 2021. Bismarck and Odyssey value the environment and respect the interests and people of Papua New Guinea and Lihir and are committed to transparent sharing of all environmental data collected during the exploration program.

Offshore survey and mapping operations commenced in December 2021 in the Papua New Guinea, Lahir license area and was completed earlier this year. This work produced a high-resolution acoustic terrain model of the seafloor in the area, as well as acquiring acoustic images of subseafloor sediments and lithology. This allowed characterization of the geologic setting of the area and essentially created a “snapshot” of the environment. These activities will help us to further characterize the value of this project and allow informed decision making on how to proceed with environmentally sensitive direct geologic sampling.

Odyssey’s multi-year exploration program will focus on robust environmental surveys and studies that will accrue to environmental permitting in compliance with PNG’s requirements as well as the development of an Environmental Impact Assessment (“EIA”). During the exploration phase, steps to validate and quantify the precious and base metal content of the prospective resource will also be carried out. Once completed, if the data shows extraction can be carried out responsibly, Odyssey will apply for a Mining License.

Further development of this project is dependent on the characterization of any present resources during exploration and license approvals.

CIC Project:

Odyssey is a member of the CIC Consortium, which was founded and is led by Odyssey co-founder and former CEO, Greg Stemm, and includes Royal Boskalis Westminster NV and Odyssey Marine Exploration.

In December 2021, the Cook Islands Seabed Minerals Authority’s (“SBMA”) Licensing Panel announced that CIC Limited (“CIC”) met the qualification criteria for an exploration license. On February 23, 2022, CIC was awarded a five-year exploration license by the Cook Islands beginning June 2022. Offshore explorations and research commenced in the third and fourth quarters of 2022 with positive results in early sampling, testing of vessels and equipment and establishing viable operational functions as the basis for a longer term operation over the license period.

Through a wholly owned subsidiary, we have earned and now hold a position of approximately 14.12% of the current outstanding equity units of CIC. We have the ability to earn up to 20.0 million equity units over the next several calendar years, which represents an approximate 16.0% interest in CIC based on the currently outstanding equity units. This means we can earn approximately 2.4 million additional equity units in CIC under our current services agreement. We achieved our current equity position through the provision of services rendered to this venture, see NOTE D.

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South American Phosphate Project:

Odyssey reached an exclusive agreement in early 2022 with BlueSea Minerals, Ltd. and BlueSea Minerals Brasil Ltda, (collectively “BlueSea Group”) to create a new joint venture company (the "JV") in which Odyssey will own a 75% interest. The JV will have exclusive rights to 19 highly prospective phosphate areas in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of a South American country. Legacy data and desktop research indicate high-grade phosphate deposits in the concession areas.

Pending execution of the definitive agreement, Odyssey will manage the overall South American Phosphate Project development, and BlueSea Group will manage business operations in South America. A related party to BlueSea Group, SeaSeep, will provide marine operations services, supervised by Odyssey.

The 19 licenses to be developed by the JV include 366 square kilometres of seabed. The geological setting of these licenses is similar to the geology Odyssey identified off the coast of Mexico, which is now known as the ExO Phosphate deposit (“ExO project”). Phosphate prices have surged in recent months and the need for phosphate to combat world hunger continues to grow. It is anticipated that the South American deposits can be harvested with the standard and similar technology and engineering solutions already identified for the ExO Project, which will allow the phosphate to be recovered in an environmentally responsible manner without the addition of any chemicals into the sea.

Critical Accounting Policies and Changes to Accounting Policies

There have been no material changes in our critical accounting estimates since December 31, 2021.

Results of Operations

The dollar values discussed in the following tables, except as otherwise indicated, are approximations to the nearest thousands and therefore do not necessarily sum in columns or rows. For more detail refer to the Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1.

Three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to three months ended September 30, 2021,

Increase/(Decrease) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2022 vs. 2021 |
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | $ |  |  | % |
Total revenues |  | $ | 358 |  |  | $ | 197 |  |  | $ | 161 |  |  |  | 82 | %
Marketing, general and administrative |  |  | 2,214 |  |  |  | 1,736 |  |  | $ | 478 |  |  |  | 27.5 | %
Operations and research |  |  | 1,865 |  |  |  | 1,632 |  |  | $ | 233 |  |  |  | 14.3 | %
Total operating expenses |  | $ | 4,078 |  |  | $ | 3,368 |  |  | $ | 710 |  |  |  | 21.1 | %
Total other income (expense) |  | $ | (3,670 | ) |  | $ | (2,514 | ) |  | $ | (1,156 | ) |  |  | 46.0 | %
Income tax benefit (provision) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 0 |
Non-controlling interest |  | $ | 1,934 |  |  | $ | 1,600 |  |  | $ | 334 |  |  |  | 20.9 | %
Net income (loss) |  | $ | (5,455 | ) |  | $ | (4,085 | ) |  | $ | (1,370 | ) |  |  | 33.5 | %

Revenue

The revenue generated in each period was a result of performing marine research and project administration for our customers and related parties. Total revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2022 increased $0.2 million to $0.4 million compared to $0.2 million from the three months ended September 30, 2021. One company to which we provided these services in both years is a deep-sea mineral exploration company, CIC, which we consider to be a related party since it is owned and controlled by our past Chairman of the Board (see NOTE D).

Operating Expenses

Marketing, general and administrative expenses primarily include all costs within the following departments: Executive, Finance & Accounting, Legal, Information Technology, Human Resources, Marketing & Communications, Sales and Business Development. Expenses increased $0.5 million to $2.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to $1.7 million from the three months ended September 30, 2021. The items contributing to this $0.5 million increase were an increase of $0.1 million in employee benefits and compensation related expenses offset by a decrease of non-cash long term incentive share-based compensation of $0.2 million. Legal and other professional fees increased by $0.1 million and $0.4 million, respectively,

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which is primarily related to supporting the expansion of our seafloor minerals portfolio. Insurance expenses increased by $0.1 million as a result of increased premiums.

Operations and research expenses are primarily focused around deep-sea mineral exploration, which include minerals research, scientific services, marine operations and project management. Operations and research expenses increased by $0.2 million from three months ended September 30, 2022 to the three months ended September 30, 2021 as a result of a $0.2 million increase in our concession permit fees for our Mexican subsidiary, a $0.1 million increase in legal fees related to our South American Phosphate Project and a $0.1 million increase in marine services. Litigation financed costs directly associated with our NAFTA litigation decreased by $0.2 million.

Total Other Income and Expense

Total other income and expense was $3.7 million in net expense and $2.5 million in net expense for three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, resulting in a net expense increase of $1.2 million. This variance was attributable to a $0.8 million increase in interest expense in connection with our NAFTA litigation funding. Additionally, during the three months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded a $0.4 million gain on extinguishment of debt as a result of the Small Business Administration forgiveness of the Payroll Protection Program loan that did not recur in 2022.

Taxes and Non-Controlling Interest

Due to losses, we did not accrue any taxes in either period ending 2022 or 2021.

Starting in 2013, we became the controlling shareholder of Oceanica. Our financial statements thus include the financial results of Oceanica and its subsidiary, ExO. Except for intercompany transactions that are fully eliminated upon consolidation, Oceanica’s revenues and expenses, in their entirety, are shown in our condensed consolidated financial statements. The share of Oceanica’s net losses corresponding to the equity of Oceanica not owned by us is subsequently shown as the “Non-Controlling Interest” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The non-controlling interest adjustment in the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $1.9 million as compared to $1.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2021. The substance of these amounts is primarily due to the increase in permits and other standard operating costs.

Nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to nine months ended September 30, 2021,

Increase/(Decrease) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2022 vs. 2021 |
(Dollars in millions) |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | $ |  |  | % |
Total revenues |  | $ | 1,048 |  |  | $ | 671 |  |  | $ | 377 |  |  |  | 56 | %
Marketing, general and administrative |  |  | 6,424 |  |  |  | 4,727 |  |  | $ | 1,697 |  |  |  | 35.9 | %
Operations and research |  |  | 8,151 |  |  |  | 6,859 |  |  | $ | 1,292 |  |  |  | 18.8 | %
Total operating expenses |  | $ | 14,575 |  |  | $ | 11,586 |  |  | $ | 2,989 |  |  |  | 25.8 | %
Total other income (expense) |  | $ | (10,495 | ) |  | $ | (3,649 | ) |  | $ | (6,846 | ) |  |  | 187.6 | %
Income tax benefit (provision) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 0 |
Non-controlling interest |  | $ | 5,653 |  |  | $ | 4,532 |  |  | $ | 1,121 |  |  |  | 24.7 | %
Net income (loss) |  | $ | (18,369 | ) |  | $ | (10,033 | ) |  | $ | (8,336 | ) |  |  | 83.1 | %

Revenue

Total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 increased $0.4 million to $1.0 million as compared to $0.7 million from the nine months ended September 30, 2021, which is consistent as compared to the same period a year ago.

Operating Expenses

Marketing, general and administrative expenses increased $1.7 million to $6.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The items contributing to this $1.7 million increase were an increase of $0.4 million in employee benefits and compensation related expenses and an increase of non-cash long-term incentive share-based compensation of $0.1 million. Legal and other professional fees increased by $0.5 million and $0.5 million, respectively, which was primarily related to supporting the expansion of our seafloor minerals portfolio. Insurance expenses increased by $0.2 million as a result of increased premiums.

Operations and research expenses increased by $1.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 as a result of the following items: (a) a $0.3 million increase in litigation financed costs directly associated with our NAFTA litigation, (b) a $0.7 million increase in our concession permit fees for our Mexican subsidiary and (c) a $0.3 million increase in marine services primarily related to global prospectivity.

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Total Other Income and Expense

Total other income and expense was $10.5 million in net expense and $3.6 million in net expense for 2022 and 2021, respectively, resulting in a net expense increase of $6.8 million. This variance was attributable to a $2.3 million increase in interest expense in connection with our NAFTA litigation funding and a $0.3 million loan payable prepayment premium. Additionally, during the three months ended September 30, 2021 we recorded a $0.4 million gain on extinguishment of debt as a result of the Small Business Administration forgiveness of the Payroll Protection Program loan that did not recur in 2022. During the nine months ended September 30, 2021 the Company recognized $3.8 million of other income previously recorded as deferred revenue as a result of the cancellation of revenue participation rights of the Seattle and Gault Resources projects in 2021.

Taxes and Non-Controlling Interest

The non-controlling interest adjustment for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $5.7 million as compared to $4.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The substance of these amounts is primarily due to the increase in permits and other standard operating costs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

|  | Nine Months Ended |
(In thousands) |  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |
Summary of Cash Flows: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net cash used in operating activities |  | $ | (6,032 | ) |  | $ | (4,137 | )
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (317 | ) |  |  | (16 | )
Net cash provided by financing activities |  |  | 10,857 |  |  |  | 1,533 |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 4,508 |  |  | $ | (2,620 | )
Beginning cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 2,275 |  |  |  | 6,163 |
Ending cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 6,783 |  |  | $ | 3,543 |

Discussion of Cash Flows

Net cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $6.0 million. This represents an approximate $1.9 million increase in use of funds when compared to the use of $4.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The net cash used in operating activities reflected a net loss before non-controlling interest of $24.0 million and is adjusted primarily by non-cash items of $0.9 million, which primarily includes share-based compensation of $1.0 million, note payable accretion of $0.2 million and the $0.3 million non-cash adjustment loan payable prepayment premium and offset by an investment in unconsolidated entity of $0.9 million. Other operating activities resulted in an increase in working capital of $17.1 million. This $17.1 million increase includes a $10.6 million increase to accrued expenses and an increase of $6.3 million to accounts payable in 2022. The increase in accrued expenses and accounts payable is predominantly related to our NAFTA financed litigation.

Cash flows used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 were minimal. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 the net cash used in investing activities was for the purchase of $0.3 million of property and equipment.

Cash flows provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 were $10.9 million. The $10.9 million comprises $16.5 million received from the June 2022 issuance of stock and $2.2 million received from the issuance of loan payable offset by the $5.4 million of debt obligation payments and $1.8 million of offering costs associated with the stock issuance. Cash flows provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2021 were $1.5 million. The $1.5 million comprises $1.3 million received from our litigation funder related to our NAFTA litigation financed expenses and $0.7 million from the sale of equity in our subsidiary offset by $0.4 million of debt obligation payments.

Other Cash Flow and Equity Areas

General Discussion

At September 30, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of $6.8 million, an increase of $4.5 million from the December 31, 2021 balance of $2.3 million. On June 10, 2022, we sold an aggregate of 4,939,515 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase up to 4,939,515 shares of our common stock. The net proceeds received from this sale, after offering expenses

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of $1.8 million, were $14.7 million. During March 2021, Epsilon Acquisitions LLC converted its indebtedness comprising $1.0 million of principal and $0.4 million of accrued interest into 411,562 shares of our common stock, and during July 2021, certain creditors converted $1.1 million of our convertible debt and accrued interest of $0.3 million into 283,850 shares of our common stock.

Financial debt of the company was $44.6 million at September 30, 2022 and $41.3 million at December 31, 2021. During March 2022, we received $2.0 million of loan proceeds from 37N. During June 2022, we repaid $5.4 million of debt principal and accrued interest related to the Monaco and 37N loans. Our litigation funder paid, on our behalf, $5.6 million of amounts due to vendors who are supporting our NAFTA litigation as well as directly reimbursing the Company $0.2 million for expended costs related directly to our NAFTA litigation.

Since SEMARNAT initially declined to approve the environmental permit application of our Mexican subsidiary in April 2016 and again in October 2018, notwithstanding that the Superior Court of the Federal Court of Administrative Justice (“TFJA”) in Mexico nullified SEMARNAT’s initial denial, we continue to support the efforts of our subsidiaries and partners to work through the administrative, legal and political process necessary to have the decision reviewed and overturned in the court of the TFJA. On January 4, 2019, we initiated the process to submit a claim against Mexico to arbitration under the investment protection chapter of the NAFTA. On September 4, 2020, we filed our First Memorial with the Tribunal. The First Memorial is the filing that fully lays out our case, witnesses and evidence for the Tribunal. Mexico filed its counter-memorial, which is available on the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (“ICSID”) website, on February 23, 2021. On June 29, 2021, we filed our reply to Mexico’s counter-memorial. Odyssey’s filings are available at www.odysseymarine.com/nafta. The NAFTA Tribunal hearing took place from January 24 – January 29, 2022. On May 10, 2022, one final witness, whose testimony was delayed due to COVID, testified before the NAFTA Tribunal. In accordance with the procedural calendar, written post hearing briefs were filed in September 2022. The evidentiary phase of the case is now closed, and the Tribunal may begin its deliberations. Odyssey cannot predict the length of these deliberations or when a ruling will be issued, but we remain confident in the merits of our case. See Litigation Financing below regarding the funding of this litigation.

Financings

The Company’s consolidated notes payable consisted of the following carrying values and related interest expense at:

|  | Note payable |  |  | Interest expense |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Nine Months Ended |
|  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |  |  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |  |  | September 30, 2022 |  |  | September 30, 2021 |
MINOSA 1 |  | $ | 14,750,001 |  |  | $ | 14,750,001 |  |  | $ | 297,435 |  |  | $ | 297,424 |  |  | $ | 882,585 |  |  | $ | 882,574 |
MINOSA 2 |  |  | 5,050,000 |  |  |  | 5,050,000 |  |  |  | 127,296 |  |  |  | 127,287 |  |  |  | 377,720 |  |  |  | 377,711 |
Litigation financing |  |  | 24,204,704 |  |  |  | 18,323,097 |  |  |  | 3,160,329 |  |  |  | 1,927,179 |  |  |  | 8,618,349 |  |  |  | 5,187,181 |
Emergency Injury Disaster Loan |  |  | 149,900 |  |  |  | 149,900 |  |  |  | 1,462 |  |  |  | 2,192 |  |  |  | 4,384 |  |  |  | 8,641 |
Vendor note payable |  |  | 484,009 |  |  |  | 484,009 |  |  |  | 14,637 |  |  |  | 14,640 |  |  |  | 43,440 |  |  |  | 43,443 |
Monaco |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,500,000 |  |  |  | 74,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 222,000 |  |  |  | — |
37North |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 300,000 |  |  |  | — |
|  | $ | 44,638,614 |  |  | $ | 41,257,007 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Litigation Financing

For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we recorded $76,133 and $63,689, respectively, of interest expense from the amortization of the debt discount and $36,724 and $36,724 of interest from the fee amortization, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, we recorded $216,286 and $174,420, respectively of interest expense from the amortization of the debt discount and $110,172 and $97,269 of interest from the fee amortization, respectively. The September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 carrying value of the debt was $24,204,704 and $18,323,097, respectively, and were net of unamortized debt fees of $183,621 and $293,793, respectively, as well as the net unamortized debt discount of $433,642 and $649,928, respectively, associated with the fair value of the warrant. The total face value of this obligation at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 was $24,821,967 and $19,266,818, respectively.

37North

On March 17, 2022 we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (“Note Agreement”) with 37North SPV 11, LLC (“37N”) in which 37N agreed to loan us up to $2,000,000. These loan proceeds were received in full on March 25, 2022. Pursuant to the Note Agreement, the indebtedness was non-interest bearing and matured on June 25, 2022. Anytime from 30 days after the maturity date, 37N had the option to convert all or a portion of the outstanding amount of the indebtedness into conversion shares equal to

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the quotient obtained by dividing (A) 125% of the amount of the indebtedness, by (B) the lower of $5.94 and 70% of the 10-day VWAP. The aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock to be issued in connection with conversion of the indebtedness was not to exceed i) 19.9% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock prior to the date of the Agreement, ii) 19.9% of the combined voting power of the outstanding voting securities, or iii) exceed the applicable listing rules of the Principal Market if the stockholders did not approve the issuance of Common Stock upon conversion of the indebtedness.

Any time prior to maturity, we had the option to prepay the indebtedness at an amount of 110% of the unpaid principal. From the maturity date to 29 days after the maturity date (July 24, 2022), we were permitted to prepay all (but not less than) an amount equal to 115% of the unpaid amount of the indebtedness. Anytime, after the 30th day after the maturity date (July 25, 2022), we were permitted to prepay all (but not less than) an amount equal to 125% of the unpaid amount of the indebtedness, however, we were requited to provide 37N a prepayment notice at least 10 days prior to repayment. If 37N delivered an exercise notice during this 10-day period, the Note would be converted, rather than prepaid.

If 37N delivered an exercise notice and the number of shares issuable is limited by the 19.9% limitation outlined above, then we were permitted to prepay all (but not less than all) an amount equal to 130% of the remaining unpaid amount.

On June 29, 2022, the Company paid $2,200,000 of the outstanding amounts payable under the Note Agreement with 37N. On July 6, 2022, the Company paid the remaining $100,000 of the outstanding amounts payable under the Note Agreement with 37N.

Accounting considerations

We evaluated the indebtedness and determined the shares issuable pursuant to the conversion option were determinate due to the cap on the number of issuable shares, and, as such, met the requirements for a derivative scope exception for instruments that are both indexed to an entity’s own stock and classified in stockholders’ equity. The optional and contingent prepayment options provide the right to accelerate the settlement of debt; however, the prepayment options can only be exercised by the Company. As such, they are considered clearly and closely related to the debt host instrument and bifurcation was not necessary. We early adopted ASC 2020-06, so we were not required to analyze the instrument for a beneficial conversion feature, and the instrument was recorded wholly as debt. Although the indebtedness did not bear interest, it was required to be repaid at amounts greater than the face value. According to ASC 470-10-35-2, if a debt instrument has a contractual maturity date that can be extended at the issuer’s option, at an increasing rate, the debt discounts and issuance costs must be amortized over the period in which the debt is estimated to be outstanding, even if that period extends beyond the debt’s original contractual maturity date. The difference between the proceeds received and the repayment amount are generally amortized over the expected life of the indebtedness using the effective interest method. Management estimated the expected life to be very limited, so the entire expected repayment amount of $2.2 million, representing 110% of the indebtedness, was recorded upon issuance of the Note Agreement. We recognized $300,000 of interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Certain default put provisions were not considered to be clearly and closely related to the debt host, but management concluded that the value of these default put provisions was de minimis.

Going Concern Consideration

We have experienced several years of net losses and may continue to do so. Our ability to generate net income or positive cash flows for the following twelve months is dependent upon financings, our success in developing and monetizing our interests in mineral exploration entities, generating income from exploration charters, collecting on amounts owed to us, or completing the MINOSA/Penelope equity financing transaction.

Our 2022 business plan requires us to generate new cash inflows to effectively allow us to perform our planned projects. We continually plan to generate new cash inflows through the monetization of our receivables and equity stakes in seabed mineral companies, financings, syndications or other partnership opportunities. If cash inflow ever becomes insufficient to meet our desired projected business plan requirements, we would be required to follow a contingency business plan that is based on curtailed expenses and fewer cash requirements. On June 10, 2022, we sold an aggregate of 4,939,515 shares of our common stock and warrants to purchase up to 4,939,515 shares of our common stock. The net proceeds received from this sale, after offering expenses of $1.8 million, were $14.7 million. These proceeds, coupled with other anticipated cash inflows, are expected to provide operating funds through 2022.

On March 11, 2015, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Minera del Norte S.A. de c.v. (“MINOSA”) and Penelope Mining LLC (“Penelope”), an affiliate of MINOSA, pursuant to which (a) MINOSA agreed to extend short-term, debt financing to Odyssey of up to $14.75 million, and (b) Penelope agreed to invest up to $101 million over three years in convertible preferred stock of Odyssey. The equity financing is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the approval of our

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stockholders which occurred on June 9, 2015, and MINOSA and Penelope are currently under no obligation to make the preferred share equity investments.

Our consolidated non-restricted cash balance at September 30, 2022 was $6.8 million. We have a working capital deficit at September 30, 2022 of ($53.1) million. The total consolidated book value of our assets was approximately $14.3 million at September 30, 2022, which includes cash of $6.8 million. Even though we executed the above noted financing arrangement with Penelope, Penelope must purchase the shares for us to be able to complete the equity component of the transaction. The Penelope equity transaction is heavily dependent on the outcome of our subsidiary’s application approval process for an EIA to commercially develop a mineralized phosphate deposit off the coast of Mexico. The factors noted above raise doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. These condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the amounts and classification of assets and liabilities that may be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2020-06, Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40). The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities that meet the definition of a Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filer, excluding entities eligible to be smaller reporting companies as defined by the SEC, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The FASB specified that an entity should adopt the guidance as of the beginning of its annual fiscal year.

The amendments in ASU No. 2020-06 affect entities that issue convertible instruments and/or contracts in an entity’s own equity. For convertible instruments, the instruments primarily affected are those issued with beneficial conversion features or cash conversion features because the accounting models for those specific features are removed. However, all entities that issue convertible instruments are affected by the amendments to the disclosure requirements in this update. For contracts in an entity’s own equity, the contracts primarily affected are freestanding instruments and embedded features that are accounted for as derivatives under the current guidance because of failure to meet the settlement conditions of the derivatives scope exception related to certain requirements of the settlement assessment. The FASB simplified the settlement assessment by removing the requirements (1) to consider whether the contract would be settled in registered shares, (2) to consider whether collateral is required to be posted, and (3) to assess shareholder rights. Those amendments also affect the assessment of whether an embedded conversion feature in a convertible instrument qualifies for the derivatives scope exception. Additionally, the amendments in this update affect the diluted EPS calculation for instruments that may be settled in cash or shares and for convertible instruments. We adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2022.

On October 31, 2018, the SEC adopted a final rule (“New Final Rule”) that will replace SEC Industry Guide 7 with new disclosure requirements that are more closely aligned with current industry and global regulatory practices and standards. Companies must comply with the New Final Rule for the company’s first fiscal year beginning on or after January 1, 2021. We adopted this New Final Rule on January 1, 2021.

Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, the AICPA and the SEC did not or are not believed by management to have a material effect, if any, on the Company’s financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not engage in off-balance sheet financing arrangements. In particular, we do not have any interest in so-called limited purpose entities, which include special purpose entities (“SPEs”) and structured finance entities.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the exposure to loss resulting from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and equity prices. We do not believe we have material market risk exposure and have not entered into any market risk sensitive instruments to mitigate these risks or for trading or speculative purposes.

We currently do not have any debt obligations with variable interest rates.

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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedure

Disclosure controls are procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, such as this report, are recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Disclosure controls are also designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to management including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and implemented, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, as ours are designed to do, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgement in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our CEO and CFO, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rule 13a-15(b) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation our CEO and CFO have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There were no changes during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company may be subject to a variety of claims or suits that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of business. We are not a party to any litigation as a defendant where a loss contingency is required to be reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 1A. Risk Factors

For information regarding risk factors, please refer to Item 1A in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Investors should consider such risk factors prior to making an investment decision with respect to the Company’s securities.

ITEM 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

ITEM 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable

ITEM 5. Other Information

Not applicable

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ITEM 6. Exhibits

31.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Filed herewith electronically)
31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Filed herewith electronically)
32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Filed herewith electronically)
32.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Filed herewith electronically)
101 | Interactive Data File
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

| ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC.
Date: November 14, 2022 | By: | /s/ Christopher E. Jones
|  | Christopher E. Jones, as Chief Financial Officer and Authorized Officer

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