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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ | Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023.

or

☐ | Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from |  | to |

Commission File Number 001-31895

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Nevada | 84-1018684
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

205 S. Hoover Blvd., Suite 210, Tampa, FL 33609

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

(813) 876-1776

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.0001 par value | OMEX | NASDAQ Capital Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer: ☐ Accelerated filer: ☐

Non-accelerated filer: ☐ Smaller reporting company: ☒

Emerging growth company: ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the exchange act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act):

Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $0.0001 par value, as of August 08, 2023 was 19,981,901.

|  | Page No.
Part I: | Financial Information |
Item 1. | Financial Statements (Unaudited): |
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Deficit for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 | 5
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 | 6
| Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 8 – 21
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 23 – 33
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 33
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 33
Part II: | Other Information |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 34
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 35
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 35
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 35
Item 5. | Other Information | 35
Item 6. | Exhibits | 36
Signatures | 37

2

PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

COND ENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

|  | Unaudited June 30, 2023 |  |  | December 31, 2022 |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |
CURRENT ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 1,832,078 |  |  | $ | 1,443,421 |
Accounts receivable and other, net |  |  | 1,005,157 |  |  |  | 7,515 |
Short-term notes receivable related party, net |  |  | 690,795 |  |  |  | 1,576,717 |
Deferred tax asset |  |  | 10,327 |  |  |  | — |
Other current assets |  |  | 981,207 |  |  |  | 947,428 |
Total current assets |  |  | 4,519,564 |  |  |  | 3,975,081 |
PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT |  |  |  |  |  |
Equipment and office fixtures |  |  | 6,823,557 |  |  |  | 8,137,026 |
Right of use - operating leases |  |  | 213,108 |  |  |  | 300,025 |
Accumulated depreciation |  |  | (4,269,013 | ) |  |  | (5,390,559 | )
Total property and equipment, net |  |  | 2,767,652 |  |  |  | 3,046,492 |
NON-CURRENT ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment in unconsolidated entity |  |  | 4,842,925 |  |  |  | 4,404,717 |
Exploration license |  |  | 1,821,251 |  |  |  | 1,821,251 |
Other non-current assets |  |  | 34,295 |  |  |  | 34,295 |
Total non-current assets |  |  | 6,698,471 |  |  |  | 6,260,263 |
Total assets |  | $ | 13,985,687 |  |  | $ | 13,281,836 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |  |  |  |  |  |
CURRENT LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 932,902 |  |  | $ | 2,285,892 |
Accrued expenses |  |  | 36,919,178 |  |  |  | 40,481,204 |
Operating lease liability |  |  | 199,365 |  |  |  | 186,656 |
Loans payable |  |  | 2,216,963 |  |  |  | 21,732,654 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 40,268,408 |  |  |  | 64,686,406 |
LONG-TERM LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans payable |  |  | 38,708,182 |  |  |  | 25,011,049 |
Operating lease liability |  |  | 26,578 |  |  |  | 129,139 |
Total long-term liabilities |  |  | 38,734,760 |  |  |  | 25,140,188 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 79,003,168 |  |  |  | 89,826,594 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8) |  |  |  |  |  |
STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred stock - $.0001 par value; 24,984,166 shares authorized; none outstanding |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Common stock – $.0001 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized; 19,981,901 and 19,540,310 issued and outstanding |  |  | 1,998 |  |  |  | 1,954 |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 271,083,470 |  |  |  | 265,882,279 |
Accumulated deficit |  |  | (287,354,763 | ) |  |  | (298,231,607 | )
Total stockholders’ deficit before non-controlling interest |  |  | (16,269,295 | ) |  |  | (32,347,374 | )
Non-controlling interest |  |  | (48,748,186 | ) |  |  | (44,197,384 | )
Total stockholders’ deficit |  |  | (65,017,481 | ) |  |  | (76,544,758 | )
Total liabilities and stockholders’ deficit |  | $ | 13,985,687 |  |  | $ | 13,281,836 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED C ONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - Unaudited

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |
REVENUE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Marine services |  | $ | 166,832 |  |  | $ | 300,000 |  |  | $ | 438,208 |  |  | $ | 594,975 |
Operating and other |  |  | 5,743 |  |  |  | 90,278 |  |  |  | 23,106 |  |  |  | 94,909 |
Total revenue |  |  | 172,575 |  |  |  | 390,278 |  |  |  | 461,314 |  |  |  | 689,884 |
OPERATING EXPENSES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Marketing, general and administrative |  |  | 1,820,858 |  |  |  | 2,292,082 |  |  |  | 3,698,702 |  |  |  | 4,210,578 |
Operations and research |  |  | 1,498,701 |  |  |  | 1,229,634 |  |  |  | 3,286,560 |  |  |  | 6,286,169 |
Total operating expenses |  |  | 3,319,559 |  |  |  | 3,521,716 |  |  |  | 6,985,262 |  |  |  | 10,496,747 |
LOSS FROM OPERATIONS |  |  | (3,146,984 | ) |  |  | (3,131,438 | ) |  |  | (6,523,948 | ) |  |  | (9,806,863 | )
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest Income |  |  | 23,424 |  |  |  | 2,178 |  |  |  | 411,956 |  |  |  | 2,272 |
Interest expense |  |  | (4,333,224 | ) |  |  | (3,552,539 | ) |  |  | (8,141,810 | ) |  |  | (6,778,193 | )
Gain (loss) on debt extinguishment |  |  | (301,414 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 21,177,200 |  |  |  | — |
Other |  |  | (283,897 | ) |  |  | 140,361 |  |  |  | (606,148 | ) |  |  | (49,896 | )
Total other income (expense) |  |  | (4,895,111 | ) |  |  | (3,410,000 | ) |  |  | 12,841,198 |  |  |  | (6,825,817 | )
INCOME/(LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES |  |  | (8,042,095 | ) |  |  | (6,541,438 | ) |  |  | 6,317,250 |  |  |  | (16,632,680 | )
Income tax benefit (provision) |  |  | 3,046 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 8,792 |  |  |  | — |
NET INCOME(LOSS) BEFORE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST |  |  | (8,039,049 | ) |  |  | (6,541,438 | ) |  |  | 6,326,042 |  |  |  | (16,632,680 | )
Non-controlling interest |  |  | 2,315,359 |  |  |  | 1,857,953 |  |  |  | 4,550,802 |  |  |  | 3,718,966 |
NET INCOME (LOSS) |  | $ | (5,723,690 | ) |  | $ | (4,683,485 | ) |  | $ | 10,876,844 |  |  | $ | (12,913,714 | )
NET INCOME (LOSS) PER SHARE |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic (See Note 2) |  | $ | (0.29 | ) |  | $ | (0.30 | ) |  | $ | 0.55 |  |  | $ | (0.86 | )
Diluted (See Note 2) |  | $ | (0.29 | ) |  | $ | (0.30 | ) |  | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | (0.86 | )
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  | 19,918,677 |  |  |  | 15,803,746 |  |  |  | 19,793,265 |  |  |  | 15,088,662 |
Diluted |  |  | 19,918,677 |  |  |  | 15,803,746 |  |  |  | 20,019,461 |  |  |  | 15,088,662 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDE NSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN

STOCKHOLDER’S DEFICIT - Unaudited

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Non-controlling Interest |  |  | Total |
Balance at March 31, 2023 |  | $ | 1,989 |  |  | $ | 270,608,427 |  |  | $ | (281,631,073 | ) |  | $ | (46,432,827 | ) |  | $ | (57,453,484 | )
Share-based compensation |  |  | 9 |  |  |  | 355,483 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 355,492 |
Fair value of warrants issued |  |  | — |  |  |  | 119,560 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 119,560 |
Net (loss) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (5,723,690 | ) |  |  | (2,315,359 | ) |  |  | (8,039,049 | )
Balance at June 30, 2023 |  | $ | 1,998 |  |  | $ | 271,083,470 |  |  | $ | (287,354,763 | ) |  | $ | (48,748,186 | ) |  | $ | (65,017,481 | )

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Non-controlling Interest |  |  | Total |
Balance at March 31, 2022 |  | $ | 1,448 |  |  | $ | 249,189,881 |  |  | $ | (283,321,086 | ) |  | $ | (38,315,825 | ) |  | $ | (72,445,582 | )
Share-based compensation |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 412,194 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 412,198 |
Common stock issued for cash, net |  |  | 494 |  |  |  | 9,274,068 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,274,562 |
Fair value of warrants issued |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,446,965 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,446,965 |
Net (loss) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (4,683,485 | ) |  |  | (1,857,953 | ) |  |  | (6,541,438 | )
Balance at June 30, 2022 |  | $ | 1,946 |  |  | $ | 264,323,108 |  |  | $ | (288,004,571 | ) |  | $ | (40,173,778 | ) |  | $ | (63,853,295 | )

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Non-controlling Interest |  |  | Total |
Balance at December 31, 2022 |  | $ | 1,954 |  |  | $ | 265,882,279 |  |  | $ | (298,231,607 | ) |  | $ | (44,197,384 | ) |  | $ | (76,544,758 | )
Share-based compensation |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | 665,067 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 665,081 |
Common stock issued for debt extinguishment |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | 999,970 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,000,000 |
Fair value of warrants issued |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,536,154 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,536,154 |
Net income (loss) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10,876,844 |  |  |  | (4,550,802 | ) |  |  | 6,326,042 |
Balance at June 30, 2023 |  | $ | 1,998 |  |  | $ | 271,083,470 |  |  | $ | (287,354,763 | ) |  | $ | (48,748,186 | ) |  | $ | (65,017,481 | )

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 |
|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Deficit |  |  | Non-controlling Interest |  |  | Total |
Balance at December 31, 2021 |  | $ | 1,431 |  |  | $ | 249,055,600 |  |  | $ | (275,090,857 | ) |  | $ | (36,454,812 | ) |  | $ | (62,488,638 | )
Share-based compensation |  |  | 21 |  |  |  | 546,475 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 546,496 |
Common stock issued for cash, net |  |  | 494 |  |  |  | 9,274,068 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9,274,562 |
Fair value of warrants issued |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,446,965 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,446,965 |
Net (loss) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (12,913,714 | ) |  |  | (3,718,966 | ) |  |  | (16,632,680 | )
Balance at June 30, 2022 |  | $ | 1,946 |  |  | $ | 264,323,108 |  |  | $ | (288,004,571 | ) |  | $ | (40,173,778 | ) |  | $ | (63,853,295 | )

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONS OLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - Unaudited

|  | Six Months Ended |
|  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) before non-controlling interest |  | $ | 6,326,042 |  |  | $ | (16,632,680 | )
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash used in operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Investment in unconsolidated entity |  |  | (438,208 | ) |  |  | (594,975 | )
Depreciation |  |  | 289,511 |  |  |  | 10,325 |
Financing fees amortization |  |  | 268,673 |  |  |  | 73,448 |
Amortization of loan prepayment premium |  |  | — |  |  |  | 300,000 |
Amortization of finance liability |  |  | 116,826 |  |  |  | — |
Note payable interest accretion |  |  | 857,549 |  |  |  | 140,153 |
Note receivable interest accretion |  |  | (288,991 | ) |  |  | — |
Non-cash operating lease expense |  |  | 86,917 |  |  |  | 78,522 |
Share-based compensation |  |  | 372,831 |  |  |  | 731,498 |
Gain on debt extinguishment, net of note receivable write-off |  |  | (21,177,200 | ) |  |  | — |
(Gain) on sale of fixed assets |  |  | (40,000 | ) |  |  | — |
Payment of operating lease liability |  |  | (89,852 | ) |  |  | (78,434 | )
Non-cash interest |  |  | 4,918 |  |  |  | — |
(Increase) decrease in: |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable |  |  | (997,642 | ) |  |  | (60,672 | )
Accrued interest receivable |  |  | (176,501 | ) |  |  | — |
Deferred tax asset |  |  | (10,327 | ) |  |  | — |
Other assets |  |  | (33,779 | ) |  |  | 229,553 |
Increase (decrease) in: |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  |  | (1,056,107 | ) |  |  | 6,336,234 |
Accrued expenses and other |  |  | 8,616,587 |  |  |  | 6,716,044 |
NET CASH USED IN OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |  | (7,368,753 | ) |  |  | (2,750,984 | )
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from sale of equipment |  |  | 40,001 |  |  |  | — |
Purchase of property and equipment |  |  | (97,589 | ) |  |  | (312,399 | )
Proceeds from note receivable repayment |  |  | 1,000,000 |  |  |  | — |
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES |  |  | 942,412 |  |  |  | (312,399 | )
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from issuance of loans payable |  |  | 15,067,746 |  |  |  | 2,200,000 |
Waiver fee paid |  |  | (1,000,000 | ) |  |  | — |
Equity issuance costs |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,790,848 | )
Offering cost paid on financing |  |  | (98,504 | ) |  |  | — |
Payment of debt obligation |  |  | (11,139,244 | ) |  |  | (5,073,804 | )
Repurchase of stock-based awards withheld for payment of withholding tax requirements |  |  | — |  |  |  | (524,263 | )
Proceeds from failed sale leaseback, net |  |  | 4,050,000 |  |  |  | — |
Proceeds from sale of common stock |  |  | — |  |  |  | 16,512,375 |
Payment on failed sale leaseback |  |  | (65,000 | ) |  |  | — |
NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES |  |  | 6,814,998 |  |  |  | 11,323,460 |
NET INCREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS |  |  | 388,657 |  |  |  | 8,260,077 |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD |  |  | 1,443,421 |  |  |  | 2,274,751 |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD |  | $ | 1,832,078 |  |  | $ | 10,534,828 |
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest paid |  | $ | 1,347,107 |  |  | $ | — |
Income taxes paid |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING TRANSACTIONS: |  |  |  |  |  |
Director compensation settled with equity |  | $ | 292,236 |  |  | $ | 339,262 |
Conversion of debt to common stock |  | $ | 1,000,000 |  |  | $ | — |
Warrants issued |  | $ | 3,536,154 |  |  | $ | — |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - Unaudited - Continued

Non-Cash Disclosure:

During the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we received $4,633 and $5,288,385, respectively, in non-cash financing associated with our litigation financing as described in Note 9 Loans Payable – Litigation Financing. The funder paid this amount directly to vendors used in our North American Free Trade Agreement (“NAFTA”) litigation support.

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ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO THE CONDE NSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - UNAUDITED

NOTE 1 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Odyssey Marine Exploration, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company,” “Odyssey,” “us,” “we” or “our”) have been prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the instructions to Form 10-Q and, therefore, do not include all information and footnotes normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

In the opinion of management, these financial statements reflect all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position as of June 30, 2023 and the results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.

Accounting standards adopted

In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2020-06, Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40). The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities that meet the definition of a Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filer, excluding entities eligible to be smaller reporting companies as defined by the SEC, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other entities, the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The FASB specified that an entity should adopt the guidance as of the beginning of its annual fiscal year.

The amendments in ASU No. 2020-06 affect entities that issue convertible instruments and/or contracts in an entity’s own equity. For convertible instruments, the instruments primarily affected are those issued with beneficial conversion features or cash conversion features because the accounting models for those specific features are removed. However, all entities that issue convertible instruments are affected by the amendments to the disclosure requirements in this update. For contracts in an entity’s own equity, the contracts primarily affected are freestanding instruments and embedded features that are accounted for as derivatives under the current guidance because of failure to meet the settlement conditions of the derivatives scope exception related to certain requirements of the settlement assessment. The FASB simplified the settlement assessment by removing the requirements (1) to consider whether the contract would be settled in registered shares, (2) to consider whether collateral is required to be posted, and (3) to assess shareholder rights. Those amendments also affect the assessment of whether an embedded conversion feature in a convertible instrument qualifies for the derivatives scope exception. Additionally, the amendments in this update affect the diluted EPS calculation for instruments that may be settled in cash or shares and for convertible instruments. We adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2022. Adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, the AICPA and the SEC did not or are not believed by management to have a material effect, if any, on the Company’s financial statements.

NOTE 2 - SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

This summary of significant accounting policies of the Company is presented to assist in understanding our condensed consolidated financial statements. The financial statements and notes are representations of the Company’s management who are responsible for their integrity and objectivity and have prepared them in accordance with our customary accounting practices.

Principles of Consolidation

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries, both domestic and international. Equity investments in which we exercise significant influence but do not control and of which we are not the primary beneficiary are accounted for using the equity method. All significant inter-company and intra-company transactions and balances have been eliminated. The results of operations attributable to the non-controlling interest are presented within equity and net income and are shown separately from the Company’s equity and net income attributable to the Company. Some of the existing inter-company balances, which are eliminated upon consolidation, include features allowing

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the liability to be converted into equity of a subsidiary, which if exercised, could increase the direct or indirect interest of the Company in the non-wholly owned subsidiaries.

Use of Estimates

Management uses estimates and assumptions in preparing these condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Those estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and the reported revenues and expenses. Actual results could vary from the estimates that were used.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2022 condensed consolidated financial statements in order to conform to the classifications used in 2023. The reclassifications had no impact to operations or working capital.

Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable

Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration which the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. To determine revenue recognition for arrangements that the Company determines are within the scope of Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, the Company performs the following five steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. At contract inception, once the contract is determined to be within the scope of ASC Topic 606, the Company assesses the goods or services promised within each contract and determines those that are performance obligations and assesses whether each promised good or service is distinct. The Company then recognizes as revenue the amount of the transaction price that is allocated to the respective performance obligation when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied. Sales, value add, and other taxes collected on behalf of third parties are excluded from revenue.

The Company currently generates revenues from service contracts with customers. Currently, there are two sources of revenue, marine services and other services. The contracts for these services provide research, scientific services, marine operations planning, management execution and project management. These services are billed generally on a monthly basis and recognized as revenue as the services are performed. Revenue is recognized at a point in time as services are provided, as the customers simultaneously receive and consume the benefits provided by the Company. The Company generally does not receive any upfront consideration for these services, and there is no variable consideration for the services. Costs associated with both services include all direct consulting labor, and minimal supplies, and are charged to operations as a component of Operations and Research.

Accounts receivable are based on amounts billed to customers. Generally accepted accounting principles state an estimate is to be made for current expected credit losses. We have determined no allowance is currently necessary. If we were to have a recorded allowance, the accounts receivable would be stated net of the recorded allowance.

We evaluate our accounts and notes receivable to estimate an allowance for credit losses over the remaining life of the financial instrument. The remaining life of our financial assets is determined by considering contractual terms among other factors. We estimate an allowance for credit losses based on ongoing evaluations of the accounts and notes receivable, the related credit risk characteristics, and the overall economic and environmental conditions affecting the financial assets. Credit losses are charged-off against the allowance when we believe the uncollectibility of the financial asset is confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance once received. A credit loss expense, or benefit, is recorded as Other expense in the Statement of Operations in an amount necessary to adjust the allowance for credit losses to our estimate as of the end of each reporting period.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and cash in banks. We also consider all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents.

Exploration License

The Company follows the guidance pursuant to ASU 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other” ("ASC topic 350") in accounting for its Exploration License. Management determined the rights to use the license to have an indefinite life. This assessment is based on the historical success of renewing the license every two years since 2006, and the fact that management believes there are no legal, regulatory, or contractual provisions that would limit the useful life of the asset. The exploration license

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is not dependent on another asset or group of assets that could potentially limit the useful life of the exploration license. The recoverability of the license will be tested whenever circumstances indicate that its carrying amount may not be recoverable per the guidance of the ASC topic 350. We did no t have any impairments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Long-Lived Assets

Our policy is to recognize impairment losses relating to long-lived assets in accordance with the ASC 360 Property, Plant and Equipment. Decisions are based on several factors, including, but not limited to, management’s plans for future operations, recent operating results and projected cash flows. Impairment losses are included in depreciation at the time of impairment.

Property and Equipment and Depreciation

Property and equipment is stated at historical cost. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method at rates based on the assets’ estimated useful lives which are normally between three and thirty years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over their estimated useful lives or lease term, if shorter. Items that may require major overhauls (such as marine equipment) that enhance or extend the useful life of these assets qualify to be capitalized and depreciated over the useful life or remaining life of that asset, whichever was shorter. All other repairs and maintenance were accounted for under the direct-expensing method and are expensed when incurred.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that would occur if dilutive securities and other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in our earnings. We use the if-converted method to compute potential common shares from stock options, restricted stock units, warrants, preferred stock, convertible notes or other convertible securities. When a net loss occurs, potential common shares have an anti-dilutive effect on earnings per share and such shares are excluded from the diluted EPS calculation.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, the basic weighted average common shares outstanding year-to-date were 19,793,265 and 15,088,662, respectively, and diluted weighted average common shares outstanding year-to-date were 20,019,461, and 15,088,662, respectively. For the periods in which net losses occurred, all potential common shares were excluded from diluted EPS because the effect of including such shares would be anti-dilutive.

The potential common shares in the following tables represent potential common shares calculated using the if-converted method from outstanding options, stock awards and warrants that were excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |
Average market price during the period |  | $ | 3.24 |  |  | $ | 4.85 |  |  | $ | 3.22 |  |  | $ | 5.38 |
In the money potential common shares from options excluded |  |  | 18,422 |  |  |  | 22,493 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 22,493 |
In the money potential common shares from warrants excluded |  |  | — |  |  |  | 7,496,331 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 7,496,331 |

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Potential common shares from out of the money options and warrants were also excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because calculation of the associated potential common shares has an anti-dilutive effect on EPS. The following table lists options and warrants that were excluded fro m diluted EPS:

|  | Three Months Ended |  | Six Months Ended
Per share exercise price |  | June 30, 2023 |  | June 30, 2022 |  | June 30, 2023 |  | June 30, 2022
Out of the money options excluded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
$3.42 |  | 3,091 |  | — |  | 3,091 |  | —
$3.43 |  | 17,105 |  | — |  | 17,105 |  | —
$3.53 |  | 200,000 |  | — |  | 200,000 |  | —
$3.59 |  | 7,521 |  | — |  | 7,521 |  | —
$3.60 |  | 604,243 |  | — |  | 604,243 |  | —
$12.48 |  | 136,833 |  | 136,833 |  | 136,833 |  | 136,833
$12.84 |  | 4,167 |  | 4,167 |  | 4,167 |  | 4,167
$26.40 |  | 75,158 |  | 75,158 |  | 75,158 |  | 75,158
Out-of-the-money warrants excluded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
$3.35 |  | 4,939,515 |  | — |  | 4,939,515 |  | —
$3.78 |  | 3,584,828 |  | — |  | 3,584,828 |  | —
$3.99 |  | 551,378 |  | — |  | 551,378 |  | —
$4.67 |  | 131,816 |  | — |  | 131,816 |  | —
$4.75 |  | 1,873,622 |  | — |  | 1,873,622 |  | —
$5.76 |  | 196,135 |  | 196,135 |  | 196,135 |  | 196,135
$7.16 |  | 700,000 |  | 700,000 |  | 700,000 |  | 700,000
Total excluded |  | 13,025,412 |  | 1,112,293 |  | 13,025,412 |  | 1,112,293

The equivalent common shares relating to our unvested restricted stock awards that were excluded from potential common shares in the earning per share calculation due to having an anti-dilutive effect are:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |
Excluded unvested restricted stock awards |  |  | 207,774 |  |  |  | 283,812 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 283,812 |

The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators used in computing basic and diluted net income per share:

|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |
Net income (loss) |  | $ | (5,723,690 | ) |  | $ | (4,683,485 | ) |  | $ | 10,876,844 |  |  | $ | (12,913,714 | )
Numerator, basic and diluted net loss available to stockholders |  | $ | (5,723,690 | ) |  | $ | (4,683,485 | ) |  | $ | 10,876,844 |  |  | $ | (12,913,714 | )
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shares used in computation – basic: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares outstanding |  |  | 19,918,677 |  |  |  | 15,803,746 |  |  |  | 19,793,265 |  |  |  | 15,088,662 |
Shares used in computation – diluted: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average common shares outstanding |  |  | 19,918,677 |  |  |  | 15,803,746 |  |  |  | 20,019,461 |  |  |  | 15,088,662 |
Net (loss) income per share – basic |  | $ | (0.29 | ) |  | $ | (0.30 | ) |  | $ | 0.55 |  |  | $ | (0.86 | )
Net (loss) income per share – diluted |  | $ | (0.29 | ) |  | $ | (0.30 | ) |  | $ | 0.54 |  |  | $ | (0.86 | )

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for using an asset and liability approach that requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences attributable to differences between financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or the entire deferred tax asset will not be realized.

Stock-based Compensation

Our stock-based compensation is recorded in accordance with the guidance in the ASC topic for Stock-Based Compensation (See Note 11 Stockholders' Equity/(Deficit)).

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Financial instruments consist of cash, evidence of ownership in an entity, and contracts that both (i) impose on one entity a contractual obligation to deliver cash or another financial instrument to a second entity, or to exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms with the second entity, and (ii) conveys to that second entity a contractual right (a) to receive cash or another financial instrument from the first entity, or (b) to exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms with the first entity. Accordingly, our financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, derivative financial instruments and mortgage and loans payable. We carry cash and cash equivalents, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and mortgage and loans payable at the approximate fair market value, and, accordingly, these estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that we could realize in a current market exchange. We carry derivative financial instruments at fair value as is required under current accounting standards.

Derivative financial instruments consist of financial instruments or other contracts that contain a notional amount and one or more underlying variables (e.g., interest rate, security price or other variable), require no initial net investment and permit net settlement. Derivative financial instruments may be free-standing or embedded in other financial instruments. Further, derivative financial instruments are initially, and subsequently, measured at fair value and recorded as liabilities or, in rare instances, assets. We generally do not use derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to cash-flow, market or foreign-currency risks. However, we have entered into certain other financial instruments and contracts with features that are either (i) not afforded equity classification, (ii) embody risks not clearly and closely related to host contracts, or (iii) may be net-cash settled by the counterparty. As required by ASC 815 – Derivatives and Hedging, these instruments are required to be carried as derivative liabilities, at fair value, in our financial statements with changes in fair value reflected in our income.

We adopted ASC Topic 820 for certain financial instruments measured as fair value on a recurring basis. ASC Topic 820 defines fair value, established a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC Topic 820 established a three-tier fair value hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value.

The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (level 3 measurements). These tiers include:

Fair Value Hierarchy

The three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value are as follows:

Level 1. Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2. Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets), or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or corroborated with observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs also include non-binding market consensus prices that can be corroborated with observable market data, as well as quoted prices that were adjusted for security-specific restrictions.

Level 3. Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology are significant to the measurement of the fair value of assets or liabilities. Level 3 inputs also include non-binding market consensus prices or non-binding broker quotes that we were unable to corroborate with observable market data.

At June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company did no t have any financial instruments measured on a recurring basis.

NOTE 3 – ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE AND OTHER RELATED PARTY, NET

Our accounts receivable consist of the following:

|  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | December 31, 2022 |
Related party (see Note 5) |  | $ | 5,132 |  |  | $ | 7,515 |
Other |  |  | 1,000,025 |  |  |  | — |
Total accounts receivable and other, net |  | $ | 1,005,157 |  |  | $ | 7,515 |

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NOTE 4 – SHORT-TERM NOTES RECEIVABLE RELATED PARTY

Our short-term notes receivable consisted of the following:

|  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | December 31, 2022 |
Related party (see Note 5) |  | $ | 690,795 |  |  | $ | 1,576,717 |
Short-term notes receivable |  | $ | 690,795 |  |  | $ | 1,576,717 |

NOTE 5 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

We currently provide services to a deep-sea mineral exploration company, CIC Limited (“CIC”), which was organized and is majority owned and controlled by Greg Stemm, Odyssey’s past Chairman of the Board. Mr. Stemm’s involvement with this company was disclosed to, and approved by, the Odyssey Board of Directors and legal counsel pursuant to the terms of Mr. Stemm’s consulting agreement in effect at that time. A current Odyssey director, Mark B. Justh, made an investment into CIC’s parent company and indirectly owns approximately 11.5% of CIC. We believe Mr. Justh’s indirect ownership in CIC does not impair his independence under applicable rules. We are providing these services to CIC pursuant to a Master Services Agreement that provides for back-office services in exchange for a recurring monthly fee as well as other deep-sea mineral related services on a cost-plus profit basis and will be compensated for these services with a combination of cash and equity in CIC. For the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we invoiced CIC a total of $172,575 and $390,278, respectively, and for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we invoiced CIC a total of $461,314 and $689,884 respectively, which was for technical and support services. We have the option to accept equity in payment of the amounts due from CIC. See Note 3 Accounts Receivable and Other Related Party, Net for related accounts receivable and Note 4 Short-term Notes Receivable Related Party, Net for related short-term notes receivable at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, and Note 6 Investment in Unconsolidated Entity for our investment in the unconsolidated entity.

In furtherance of the Master Services Agreement, we are financing the acquisition of certain equipment required for implementation of CIC’s Marine Operations Plan, which is the comprehensive work plan for offshore operations, including exploration, survey and sampling of potential mineral deposits. As of June 30, 2023 we have paid $279,991 toward the purchase of this equipment, and CIC has reimbursed $136,860 of that amount. The remaining balance CIC owes to us has been included in the Services Agreement Note Receivable balance described below.

We have the option to accept equity in payment of the amounts due from CIC. See NOTE 3 for related accounts receivable at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 and NOTE 6 for our investment in an unconsolidated entity.

On December 13, 2022, we entered into a Loan Agreement with CIC. Pursuant to the Loan Agreement, CIC issued to Odyssey a convertible promissory note in the amount of $1,350,000 that bore interest at a rate of 18% per annum. On the closing date of the Loan Agreement, Odyssey advanced CIC $1,000,000 (the "Advanced Amount") and recorded an original issue discount ("OID") of $350,000, which was accrued as interest income in our consolidated statements of operations. Unless otherwise converted or repaid as described below, the entire outstanding principal balance under the Loan agreement and all accrued interest was due and payable on March 31, 2023 (the "Maturity Date"). The Loan Agreement provided that CIC could repay the Advanced Amount plus accrued interest on or prior to the fifth business day after the Maturity Date (the “Maturity Cure Date”) in full satisfaction of the Loan Agreement. CIC repaid the Advanced Amount plus accrued interest prior to the Maturity Cure Date in accordance with the terms of the Loan Agreement. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we recorded $288,991 of interest income from the accretion of the OID. On April 6, 2023, prior to the Maturity Cure Date, CIC repaid principal and interest in the aggregate amount of $1,068,000 in full satisfaction of the convertible promissory note and the Loan Agreement. The December 31, 2022 carrying value of the note receivable was $1,061,009, and the unamortized OID was $288,991. At December 31, 2022 we recorded $12,649 in accrued interest receivable, which is included in the note receivable balance.

On December 13, 2022, CIC issued a Services Agreement Note to us. Pursuant to the Services Agreement Note, as amended on June 30, 2023, and August 8, 2023, Odyssey agreed to extend the terms of its outstanding accounts receivables balance for past and future services performed under the Master Services Agreement for an amount not to exceed $625,000. The note bears interest at a rate of 1.5% per month and matures on August 15, 2023. Interest is due and payable on the first day of each month for the previous month. The March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 carrying values of the note receivable were $625,083 and $503,059, respectively. At June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we recorded $65,712 and $377, respectively, in accrued interest receivable, which is included in the note receivable balance. The terms of the Services Agreement Note are not necessarily indicative of the terms that would have been provided had a comparable transaction been entered into with independent parties.

On July 15, 2021, MINOSA assigned $404,633 of its indebtedness with accumulated accrued interest of $159,082 to a former director of the Company under the same terms as the original agreement, and that indebtedness continued to be convertible

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at a conversion price of $4.35. This transaction was reviewed and approved by the independent members of the Company’s board of directors. On March 6, 2023, this note was terminated and Odyssey issued a new note, see Note 9 Loans Payable– MINOSA 2 for detail.

NOTE 6 – INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED RELATED ENTITY

At June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, our accumulated investment in CIC was $4,842,925 and $4,404,717, respectively, which is classified as an investment in unconsolidated entity in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

NOTE 7 - INCOME TAXES

During the three months ended June 30, 2023, we generated a federal net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforward of $11.6 million and generated $4.9 million of foreign NOL carryforwards. As of June 30, 2023, we had consolidated income tax NOL carryforwards for federal tax purposes of approximately $241.6 million and net operating loss carryforwards for foreign income tax purposes of approximately $88.4 million. From 2025 through 2027, approximately $47 million of the NOL will expire, and from 2028 through 2037, approximately $128 million of the NOL will expire. The NOL generated in 2018 through 2022 of approximately $67 million will be carried forward indefinitely.

NOTE 8 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Legal Proceedings

The Company may be subject to a variety of claims and suits that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of business. We are not a party to any litigation as a defendant where a loss contingency is required to be reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

Contingency

We owe consultants contingent success fees of up to $700,000 upon the approval and issuance of the Environmental Impact Assessment (“EIA”) for our Mexican subsidiary. The EIA has not been approved as of the date of this report and the contingent success fees have not been accrued.

Going Concern Consideration

We have experienced several years of net losses and may continue to do so. Our ability to generate net income or positive cash flows for the following twelve months is dependent upon financings, our success in developing and monetizing our interests in mineral exploration entities, generating income from exploration charters, collecting on amounts owed to us.

Our 2023 business plan requires us to generate new cash inflows to effectively allow us to perform our planned projects. We continually plan to generate new cash inflows through the monetization of our receivables and equity stakes in seabed mineral companies, financings, syndications or other partnership opportunities. If cash inflow ever became insufficient to meet our desired projected business plan requirements, we would be required to follow a contingency business plan based on curtailed expenses and fewer cash requirements. During March 2023, we entered Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement pursuant to which we issued and sold to an institutional investor a promissory note (the “Note”) in the principal amount of up to $14.0 million, of which $13.1 million was advanced in March 2023 and an additional $450,000 was advanced during the three months ended June 30, 2023. On April 4, 2023, and June 30, Odyssey entered into a $3.5 million and $1.0 million sale-leaseback arrangements, respectively, for marine equipment. A portion of the proceeds of the April sale-leaseback transaction was used to repay the note outstanding to the seller of the marine equipment that we issued in December 2022. On April 6, 2023, CIC repaid principal and interest in the aggregate amount of $1,068,000 in full satisfaction of the convertible promissory note and the Loan Agreement. On June 26, 2023, Odyssey entered into note purchase agreement with 37North SPV 11, LLC for $1.0 million. The balance of the proceeds from the Note, after payment of certain obligations, the sale-leaseback arrangements and the CIC loan and note repayment, together with other anticipated cash inflows, are expected to provide operating funds through 2024.

Our consolidated non-restricted cash balance at June 30, 2023 was $1.8 million. We have a working capital deficit at June 30, 2023 of ($35.7) million. The total consolidated book value of our assets was approximately $14.0 million at June 30, 2023, which includes cash of $1.8 million. The fair market value of these assets may differ from their net carrying book value. The factors noted above raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. These condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the amounts and classification of assets and liabilities that may be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

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Lease commitment

At June 30, 2023, the right of usage (“ROU”) asset and lease obligations for our two real property operating leases were $213,108 and $225,943, respectively.

The remaining lease payment obligations, which include an interest component of $13,988, are as follows:

Year ending December 31, |  | Annual payment obligation |
2023 |  |  | 106,117 |
2024 |  |  | 133,814 |
|  | $ | 239,931 |

We recognized approximately $53,084 and $54,500 in rent expense associated with these leases for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and approximately $123,911 and $109,000 in rent expense for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

NOTE 9 –LOANS PAYABLE

The Company’s consolidated notes payable consisted of the following carrying values and related interest expense at:

|  | Note payable |  |  | Interest expense |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | December 31, 2022 |  |  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |
MINOSA 1 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 14,750,001 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 294,191 |  |  | $ | 210,137 |  |  | $ | 585,150 |
MINOSA 2 |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,050,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 125,904 |  |  |  | 89,932 |  |  |  | 250,424 |
Litigation financing |  |  | 23,706,579 |  |  |  | 24,347,513 |  |  |  | 3,253,645 |  |  |  | 2,977,352 |  |  |  | 6,355,709 |  |  |  | 5,458,020 |
DP SPV I LLC note |  |  | 10,789,776 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 924,676 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,240,656 |  |  |  | — |
Emergency Injury Disaster Loan |  |  | 150,000 |  |  |  | 149,900 |  |  |  | 1,402 |  |  |  | 1,461 |  |  |  | 2,789 |  |  |  | 2,922 |
Vendor note payable |  |  | 484,009 |  |  |  | 484,009 |  |  |  | 14,480 |  |  |  | 14,481 |  |  |  | 28,802 |  |  |  | 28,803 |
Seller note payable |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,400,000 |  |  |  | 1,962 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 64,696 |  |  |  | — |
AFCO Insurance note payable |  |  | 188,037 |  |  |  | 562,280 |  |  |  | 2,849 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10,595 |  |  |  | — |
Monaco |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 37,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 148,000 |
Pignatelli note |  |  | 500,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 12,466 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 16,027 |  |  |  | — |
Galileo note |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 723 |  |  |  | — |
37North |  |  | 1,004,918 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,918 |  |  |  | 100,000 |  |  |  | 4,918 |  |  |  | 300,000 |
Finance liability |  |  | 4,101,826 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 116,826 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 116,826 |  |  |  | — |
|  | $ | 40,925,145 |  |  | $ | 46,743,703 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

MINOSA 1

On March 11, 2015, in connection with a Stock Purchase Agreement ("SPA"), Minera del Norte, S.A. de C.V. ("MINOSA") agreed to lend us up to $14.75 million. The entire $14.75 million was loaned in five advances from March 11 through June 30, 2015. The outstanding indebtedness bore interest at 8.0% percent per annum. During December 2017, MINOSA transferred this debt to its parent company, AHMSA.

MINOSA 2

On August 10, 2017, we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the "Minosa Purchase Agreement") with MINOSA. Pursuant to the Minosa Purchase Agreement, MINOSA agreed to loan our wholly owned subsidiary, Odyssey Marine Enterprises, Ltd., up to $3.0 million. During 2017, we borrowed $2.7 million against this facility, and Epsilon Acquisitions LLC ("Epsilon") assigned $2.0 million of its previously held debt to MINOSA. The indebtedness is evidenced by a secured convertible promissory note (the "Minosa Note") and bore interest at a rate equal to 10.0% per annum. Unless otherwise converted as described below, the entire outstanding principal balance under this Minosa Note and all accrued interest and fees are due and payable upon written demand by MINOSA; provided, that MINOSA agreed not make a demand for payment prior to the earlier of (a) an event of default (as defined in the Minosa Note) or (b) a date, which may be no earlier than December 31, 2017, that is at least 60 days subsequent to written notice from MINOSA that it intended to demand payment. We unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed all of the obligations under the Minosa Purchase Agreement and the Minosa Note. MINOSA had the right to convert all amounts outstanding

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under the Minosa Note into shares of our common stock upon 75 days’ notice to us or upon a merger, consolidation, third party tender offer, or similar transaction relating to us at the conversion price of $4.35 per share. During December 2017, MINOSA transferred this indebtedness to its parent company. On July 15, 2021, MINOSA transferred $404,633 of this indebtedness with accumulated interest of $159,082 to a director of the Company under the same terms as the original agreement, and that indebtedness continues to be convertible at a conversion price of $4.35 per share.

Pursuant to second amended and restated pledge agreements (the "Pledge Agreements") entered into by us in favor of MINOSA on August 10, 2017, we pledged and granted security interests to MINOSA in (a) the 54 million cuotas (a unit of ownership under Panamanian law) of Oceanica Resources S. de R.L. (“Oceanica”) held by us, (b) all notes and other receivables from Oceanica and its subsidiary owed to us, and (c) all of the outstanding equity in our wholly owned subsidiary, Odyssey Marine Enterprises, Ltd.

Settlement, Release and Termination Agreement of the MINOSA 1 and MINOSA 2

On March 3, 2023, Odyssey, Altos Hornos de México, S.A.B. de C.V. (“AHMSA”), MINOSA and Phosphate One LLC (f/k/a Penelope Mining LLC, “Phosphate One” and together with AHMSA and MINOSA, the “AHMSA Parties”) entered into a Settlement, Release and Termination Agreement (the “Termination Agreement”).

Pursuant to the Termination Agreement:

•
Odyssey paid AHMSA $9.0 million (the “Termination Payment”) in cash on March 6, 2023;
•
the parties agreed that, concurrently with the payment of the Termination Payment, a portion of the MINOSA Notes were deemed automatically converted into 304,879 shares of Odyssey’s common stock;
•
the MINOSA Notes, the Purchase Agreement, and the Pledge Agreements were terminated;
•
each of the AHMSA Parties and Odyssey agreed to release the other parties and their respective affiliates, equity holders, beneficiaries, successors and assigns (the “Released Parties”) from any and all claims, demands, damages, actions, causes of action or liabilities of any kind or nature whatsoever under the SPA, the MINOSA Notes, the Minosa Purchase Agreement, or the Pledge Agreements (the “Released Matters”); and
•
each of the AHMSA Parties and Odyssey agreed not to make any claims against any of the Released Parties related to the Released Matters.

The transactions contemplated by the Termination Agreement were completed on March 6, 2023.

On March 6, 2023, Odyssey entered into a Release and Termination Agreement with a director of the Company, James S. Pignatelli, to terminate and release a portion of the MINOSA 2 Note assigned to Mr. Pignatelli in 2021, the related Note Purchase Agreement (“NPA”) and the Pledge Agreement.

As a result of these transactions, Odyssey has recorded a Gain on debt extinguishment of $21,478,614 in our Statement of Operations.

Pignatelli

On March 6, 2023, Odyssey issued a new Unsecured Convertible Promissory Note in the principal amount of $500,000 to Mr. Pignatelli that bears interest at the rate of 10.0% per annum convertible into common stock of Odyssey at a conversion price of $3.78 per share. Pursuant to the Release and Termination Agreement with Mr. Pignatelli noted above, he agreed, in exchange for the issuance of this Unsecured Convertible Promissory Note by Odyssey, to release the assigned portion of the MINOSA 2 note

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issued by Odyssey Marine Exploration, Inc., to Mr. Pignatelli in the principal amount of $404,634 and convertible at a conversion price of $4.35 per share, pursuant to which the outstanding aggregate obligation with accrued interest was $630,231.

Litigation Financing

Waiver and Consent

On January 31, 2020, Odyssey and Exploraciones Oceánicas S. de R.L. de C.V., our Mexican subsidiary ("ExO" and, together with Odyssey, the "Claimholder"), and Poplar Falls LLC (the "Funder") entered into an Amended and Restated International Claims Enforcement Agreement (as amended, the "Agreement"), pursuant to which the Funder agreed to provide funding to the Claimholder to facilitate the prosecution and recovery of the claim by the Claimholder against the United Mexican States under Chapter Eleven of the North American Free Trade Agreement.

On March 6, 2023, the Claimholder and the Funder under the Agreement entered into a Waiver and Consent Agreement, pursuant to which, among other things, (a) the Funder consented to allow the Claimholder to fund certain costs and expenses arising from the Subject Claim from the Claimholder’s own capital in an aggregate amount not to exceed $5,000,000, and (b) Odyssey paid a $1,000,000 nonrefundable waiver fee to the Funder. The waiver fee was accounted for as a debt modification and recorded as an additional debt discount of $1,000,000, which is being amortized through December 31, 2025, using the effective interest method, which is charged to interest expense.

For the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we recorded $86,130 and $72,013, respectively, of interest expense from the amortization of the debt discount, $36,724 and $36,724 of interest expense from financing fee amortization, respectively, and $88,178 and $0 of interest expense from the amortization of the waiver discount, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we recorded $167,614 and $140,153 of interest expense from the amortization of the debt discount, $73,448 and $73,448 of interest expense from financing fee amortization, and $113,372 and $0 from the amortization of waiver discount, respectively. The June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 carrying value of the debt was $23,706,579 and $24,347,513, respectively, and was net of unamortized debt fees of $73,449 and $146,897, respectively, as well as the net unamortized debt discount of $186,382 and $353,996, respectively, associated with the fair value of the warrant, and net of the unamortized waiver fee of $886,628 and $0, respectively. The total face value of this obligation at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $24,853,038 and $24,848,406, respectively.

Galileo

On February 28, 2023, Odyssey issued a $300,000 11.0% Promissory Note to Galileo NCC Inc ("Galileo"). The Promissory Note was payable on April 1, 2023. On March 6, 2023, Odyssey repaid this note payable in full with proceeds from the issuance of the DP SPV Note (as defined below).

DP SPV I LLC

On March 6, 2023, Odyssey entered into a Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with an institutional investor pursuant to which Odyssey issued and sold to the investor (a) a promissory note (the “DP SPV Note”) in the principal amount of up to $14.0 million, of which $13.1 million was advanced in March 2023 and an additional $450,000 was advanced during the three months ended June 30, 2023 and (b) a warrant (the “Warrant” and, together with the DP SPV Note, the “Securities”) to purchase shares of Odyssey’s common stock.

The principal amount outstanding under the DP SPV Note bears interest at the rate of 11.0% per annum, and interest is payable in cash on a quarterly basis, except that, (a) at Odyssey’s option and upon notice to the holder of the DP SPV Note, any quarterly interest payment may be satisfied, in lieu of paying such cash interest, by adding an equivalent amount to the principal amount of the DP SPV Note (“PIK Interest”), and (b) the first quarterly interest payment due under the DP SPV Note will be satisfied with PIK Interest. The DP SPV Note provides Odyssey with the right, but not the obligation, upon notice to the holder of the DP SPV Note to redeem (x) at any time before the first anniversary of the issuance of the DP SPV Note, all or any portion of the indebtedness outstanding under the DP SPV Note (together with all accrued and unpaid interest, including PIK Interest) for an amount equal to one hundred twenty percent (120%) of the outstanding principal amount so being redeemed, and (y) at any time on or after the first anniversary of the issuance of the DP SPV Note, all or any portion of the indebtedness outstanding under the DP SPV Note (together with all accrued and unpaid interest, including PIK Interest). Unless the DP SPV Note is sooner redeemed at Odyssey’s option, all indebtedness under the DP SPV Note is due and payable on September 6, 2024. Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, Odyssey agreed to use the proceeds of the sale of the Securities to fund Odyssey’s obligations under the Termination Agreement (as defined above), to pay legal fees and costs related to Odyssey’s NAFTA arbitration against the United Mexican States, to pay fees and expenses related to the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement, and for working

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capital and other general corporate expenditures. Odyssey’s obligations under Note are secured by a security interest in substantially all of Odyssey’s assets (subject to limited stated exclusions).

Under the terms of the Warrant, the holder has the right for a period of three years after issuance to purchase up to 3,465,778 shares of Odyssey’s common stock at an exercise price of $3.78 per share, which represents 120.0% of the official closing price of Odyssey’s common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market immediately preceding the signing of the Purchase Agreement, upon delivery of a notice of exercise to Odyssey. Upon exercise of the Warrant, Odyssey has the option to either (a) deliver the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise or (b) pay to the holder an amount equal to the difference between (i) the aggregate exercise price payable under the notice of exercise and (ii) the product of (A) the number of shares of common stock indicated in the notice of exercise multiplied by (B) the arithmetic average of the daily volume-weighted average price of the common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market for the five consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately prior to the date of the notice of exercise. The warrant provides for customary adjustments to the exercise price and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise in the event of a stock split, recapitalization, reclassification, combination or exchange of shares, separation, reorganization, liquidation, or the like.

In connection with the execution and delivery of the Purchase Agreement, Odyssey entered into a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) pursuant to which Odyssey registered the offer and sale of the shares (the “Exercise Shares”) of Odyssey common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrant in a Prospectus filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and declared effective as of June 1, 2023.

We incurred $98,504 in related fees which are being amortized over the term of the Purchase Agreement and charged to legal expense with-in marketing, general and administrative expense. The total proceeds of $13.6 million were allocated between debt and equity for the warrants based on the relative fair value of the two instruments. As a result, there was a debt discount of $3,536,154, which is being amortized over the remaining term of the Purchase Agreement using the effective interest method, which is charged to interest expense.

For the three months ended June 30, 2023, we recorded $542,186 of interest expense from the amortization of the debt discount and $16,268 interest from the fee amortization, respectively. The June 30, 2023 carrying value of the debt was $10,789,776 and was net of unamortized debt fees of $77,587, net of unamortized debt discount of $2,785,283 associated with the fair value of the warrant. The total face value of this obligation at June 30, 2023 was $13,652,646. For the six months ended June 30, 2023, we recorded $750,871 of interest expense from the amortization of the debt discount and $20,916 interest from the fee amortization, respectively. The June 30, 2023 carrying value of the debt was $10,789,776 and was net of unamortized debt fees of $77,587, net of unamortized debt discount of $2,785,283 associated with the fair value of the warrant. The total face value of this obligation at June 30, 2023 was $13,652,646.

37North

On June 29, 2023 we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (“Note Agreement”) with 37North SPV 11, LLC (“37N”) pursuant to which 37N agreed to loan us $1,000,000. The proceeds from this transaction were received in full on June 29, 2023. Pursuant to the Note Agreement, the indebtedness was non-interest bearing and matured on July 30, 2023. At any time from 31 days after the maturity date, 37N has the option to convert all or a portion of the outstanding amount of the indebtedness into conversion shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (A) 120% of the amount of the indebtedness, by (B) the lower of $3.66 or 70% of the 10-day volume-weighted average price of Common Stock. The aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock to be issued in connection with conversion of the indebtedness is not to exceed (i) 19.9% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock prior to the date of the Agreement, (ii) 19.9% of the combined voting power of the outstanding voting securities, or (iii) exceed the applicable listing rules of the Principal Market if the stockholders did not approve the issuance of Common Stock upon conversion of the indebtedness.

Any time prior to maturity, we had the option to prepay the indebtedness at an amount of 108% of the unpaid principal. From the maturity date to 29 days after the maturity date (August 27, 2023), we are permitted to repay all (but not less than) of an amount equal to 112.5% of the unpaid amount of the indebtedness. At any time after the 30th day after the maturity date (August 28, 2023), we are permitted to repay all (but not less than) of an amount equal to 115% of the unpaid amount of the indebtedness after 10 days' notice. If 37N delivers an exercise notice during this 10-day period, the Note would be converted to shares of Common Stock, instead of being repaid.

If 37N delivers an exercise notice and the number of shares issuable is limited by the 19.9% limitation outlined above, then we are permitted to repay all of the remaining unpaid amount of the Loan in an amount equal to 130% of the remaining unpaid amount.

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Accounting considerations

We evaluated the indebtedness and determined that the embedded conversion option is not considered clearly and closely related to the host contract and requires bifurcation. The optional prepayment option provides the right to accelerate the settlement of debt; however, the prepayment options can only be exercised by the Company. As such, they are considered clearly and closely related to the debt host instrument and bifurcation was not necessary. Although the indebtedness did not bear interest, it was required to be repaid at amounts greater than the face value. According to ASC 470-10-35-2, if a debt instrument has a contractual maturity date that can be extended at the issuer’s option, at an increasing rate, the debt discounts and issuance costs must be amortized over the period in which the debt is estimated to be outstanding, even if that period extends beyond the debt’s original contractual maturity date. The difference between the proceeds received and the repayment amount are generally amortized over the expected life of the indebtedness using the effective interest method. Management estimated the expected life to be very limited, so the expected repayment amount of $1.2 million, representing 120% of the indebtedness, was recorded upon issuance of the Note Agreement.

Certain default put provisions were not considered to be clearly and closely related to the debt host, but management concluded that the value of these default put provisions was de minimis.

Seller Note Payable

On December 2, 2022, we executed an Amended and Restated Purchase and Sale Agreement ("Purchase and Sale Agreement") with the seller of certain marine equipment ("Seller"). Pursuant to the Purchase and Sale Agreement, Seller agreed to sell us the marine equipment, related tooling items and spares for $2.5 million. On or before the closing date, Odyssey paid the Seller $1.1 million for the acquisition of the assets. Pursuant to the Purchase and Sale Agreement, we paid the Seller the $1.4 million balance of the purchase price as a fully amortizing loan, bearing interest at a rate of 20% per annum, and maturing on June 5, 2024 (the "Seller Note"). On April 4, 2023, we paid this loan in full.

Accrued interest

Total accrued interest associated with our financings was $29,718,006 and $35,131,587 as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Accrued interest is included in accrued expenses on the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

NOTE 10 – ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accrued expenses consist of the following:

|  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | December 31, 2022 |
Compensation and incentives |  | $ | 435,269 |  |  | $ | 354,187 |
Professional services |  |  | 436,024 |  |  |  | 470,546 |
Deposit |  |  | 729,991 |  |  |  | 657,331 |
Interest |  |  | 29,718,006 |  |  |  | 35,131,587 |
Accrued exploration license fees |  |  | 5,599,888 |  |  |  | 3,867,553 |
Total accrued expenses |  | $ | 36,919,178 |  |  | $ | 40,481,204 |

Deposits primarily consist of an earnest money deposit of $450,000 from CIC. The earnest money deposit relates to a draft agreement related to potential sale of a stake of our equity in CIC. This transaction has not yet been agreed upon or consummated.

NOTE 11 – STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY/(DEFICIT)

Common Stock

As noted above, on March 3, 2023, Odyssey, AHMSA, MINOSA and Phosphate One entered into the Termination Agreement whereby the parties agreed that, concurrently with the payment of the Termination Payment, a portion of the MINOSA Notes would be deemed automatically converted into 304,879 shares of Odyssey’s common stock at a share market price of $3.28 per share.

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Warrant

In conjunction with the Purchase Agreement on March 6, 2023, as described above, we issued the Warrant to purchase up to 3,584,828 shares of our common stock. The Warrant has an exercise price of $3.78 per share and is exercisable at any time during the three years after issuance ending on the close of business on March 6, 2026.

Stock-Based Compensation

The share-based compensation charged against income, related to our options and restricted stock units, for the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, was $250,492 and $418,852, respectively. The share-based compensation charged against income for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was $372,831 and $731,498, respectively.

We granted to purchase an aggregate of 6,541 shares of Common Stock options to directors on May 24, 2023, and 200,000 to employees on June 9, 2023. The value of the stock options granted was determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, which values options based on the stock price at the grant date, the expected life of the option, the estimated volatility of the stock, the expected dividend payments, and the risk-free interest rate over the life of the option. The options were valued with the following assumptions used for grants issued in the table below. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatility of the Company’s stock as well as other companies operating similar businesses. The expected term (in years) is determined using historical data to estimate option exercise patterns. The expected dividend yield is based on the annualized dividend rate over the vesting period. The risk-free interest rate is based on the rate for US Treasury bonds commensurate with the expected term of the granted option.

﻿ | May 24, 2023 |  |  | June 9, 2023 |
Risk free interest rate |  | 3.76 | % |  |  | 3.92 | %
Expected life | 5 years |  |  | 5 years |
Expected volatility |  | 65.12 | % |  |  | 65.20 | %
Expected dividend yield | — |  |  | — |
Grant-date fair value | 1.72 |  |  | 2.04 |

NOTE 12 – CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK

We do no t currently have any debt obligations with variable interest rates.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we had one customer, CIC, which is a related party (see Note 5 Related Party Transactions), that accounted for 100% of our total revenue in both years.

NOTE 13 – SALE-LEASEBACK FINANCING OBLIGATIONS

On April 4, 2023 and June 30, 2023, the Company's subsidiaries sold marine equipment to separate third-party buyers for $3.5 million and $1.0 million, respectively. Simultaneously with each sale, the subsidiaries entered into lease agreements with each buyer of the respective marine equipment (the sale of the property and simultaneous leaseback is referred to as a “sale-leaseback”). Each of the leases is for a term of 4 years. Under the terms of the lease agreements, the initial base rent is $35,000 and $10,000 per month, respectively. As a part of each of the lease agreements, the lessee is granted an option to purchase the marine equipment back from the buyer, that can be exercised at any time during the period commencing on the first anniversary of the date of the agreements and ending on the day that is 120 days prior to the expiration of the lease term. If the lessee has not already delivered such notice at least 120 days prior to the expiration of the lease term, it is required to purchase the marine equipment upon the expiration of the lease term.

The Company accounted for the sale-leaseback transactions as financing transactions with the purchasers of the property in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 842 as the lease agreements were determined to be finance leases. The Company concluded the lease agreements both met the qualifications to be classified as finance leases due to the obligation to repurchase the equipment.

The presence of a finance lease indicates that control of the equipment has not transferred to the buyer/lessor and, as such, the transactions were each deemed a "failed sale-leaseback" and must be accounted for as a financing arrangement. As a result of this determination, the Company is viewed as having received the sales proceeds from the buyer/lessor in the form of a hypothetical loan collateralized by its leased equipment. The hypothetical loan is payable as principal and interest in the form of “lease payments”

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to the buyer/lessor. As such, the Company will not derecognize the property from its books for accounting purposes until the lease ends.

As of June 30, 2023, the carrying value of the financing liabilities were $3,201,450 and $900,376. The monthly lease payments are split between a reduction of principal and interest expense using the effective interest rate method. No gain or loss was recognized related to the sale leasebacks.

Under the April 4, 2023 and June 30, 2023 sale-leasebacks, the Company recorded third party payments of $350,000 and $100,000 respectively, as a cost of the financing obligation and recorded them as a discount.

Remaining future cash payments related to the financing liability, for the fiscal years ending December 31 are as follows:

Year ending December 31, |  | Annual payment obligation |
2023 |  |  | 260,000 |
2024 |  |  | 540,000 |
2025 |  |  | 540,000 |
2026 |  |  | 540,000 |
2027 |  |  | 4,710,000 |
|  | $ | 6,590,000 |

NOTE 14 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

We have evaluated subsequent events for recognition or disclosure through the date that this Form 10-Q is filed with the SEC.

Ocean Minerals, LLC Acquisition

On June 4, 2023, Odyssey, Odyssey Minerals Cayman Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Odyssey (the “Purchaser”), and Ocean Minerals, LLC (“OML”) entered into a Unit Purchase Agreement (the “OML Purchase Agreement”) pursuant to which the Purchaser agreed to purchase, and OML agreed to issue and sell to the Purchaser, an aggregate of 733,497 membership interest units of OML (the “Purchased Units”) for a purchase price of $15.0 million. After giving effect to the issuance and sale of all the Purchased Units, the Purchased Units represent 13% of the issued and outstanding membership interest units of OML (based upon the number of membership interest units outstanding on June 1, 2023).

The initial closing with respect to the Purchased Units occurred on July 3, 2023, on which date OML issued 293,399 of the Purchased Units to the Purchaser in exchange for (a) a payment of $1.0 million in cash by the Purchaser to OML and (b) Odyssey’s transfer to OML of all the outstanding shares of Odyssey Retriever, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Odyssey, valued by the parties at $5.0 million. In one or more closings to be held no later than the three-month anniversary of the initial closing date, OML will issue an additional 195,599 of the Purchased Units to the Purchaser for an aggregate purchase price of $4.0 million paid to OML. A final closing with respect to the Purchased Units will occur on the earlier of (x) the date that is 30 days after OML notifies that it has received (and provided a copy to Odyssey of) a specified resource report providing an indicated resource estimate for the area covered by OML’s exploration license or (y) the first anniversary of the initial closing. At the final closing, OML will issue an additional 244,499 of the Purchased Units to the Purchaser for an aggregate purchase price of $5.0 million paid to OML.

The Purchase Agreement also provides the Purchaser the right, but not the obligation, at any time and from time to time prior to the 18-month anniversary of the initial closing, to purchase up to an additional 1,466,993 membership interest units of OML (the “Optional Units”) at a purchase price equal to $20.45 per membership interest unit. If the Purchaser has not purchased all the Optional Units prior to the 18-month anniversary of the initial closing, the Purchaser may purchase any of such unpurchased Optional Units at a price equal to 90.0% of the purchase price per membership interest unit paid in the most recent sale of membership interest units by OML immediately prior to such discounted purchase of Optional Units by the Purchaser.

The Purchase Agreement sets forth customary representations, warranties, and covenants of the parties and customary conditions to closing and termination provisions.

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Equity Exchange Agreement

In connection with the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement, Odyssey and the existing members of OML entered into an Equity Exchange Agreement (the “Exchange Agreement”) pursuant to which such members of OML have the right, but not the obligation, to exchange membership interest units of OML held by them for shares of Odyssey’s common stock, exercisable at any time and from time to time during the period beginning on the six-month anniversary of the date of the Exchange Agreement and ending on the date that is the earliest of (a) the date on which a dissolution event occurs with respect to OML, (b) the date on which a material adverse effect occurs with respect to OML, and (c) the date that is 18 months after the date of the Exchange Agreement. If a member of OML elects to exchange membership interest units of OML for shares of Odyssey’s common stock, the number of shares of Odyssey’s common stock such member will receive will equal the product of (x) the number of membership interest units such member desires to exchange, multiplied by (y) a fraction, the numerator of which is the per unit value of the membership interest units and the denominator of which is the per share value of the shares of Odyssey’s common stock, in each case determined pursuant to the Exchange Agreement. Under the terms of the Exchange Agreement, the per unit value of the membership interest units means the greater of $20.45 and the purchase price per membership interest unit paid in the most recent sale of membership interest units by OML, and the per share value of the shares of Odyssey’s common stock means the greater of the “Minimum Price,” as defined in NASDAQ Rule 5635(d), and the five-day volume-weighted average price per share of the common stock.

Notwithstanding anything in the Exchange Agreement to the contrary, the aggregate maximum number of shares of Odyssey’s common stock that may be issued under the Exchange Agreement will not (a) exceed 19.9% of the number of outstanding shares of Odyssey’s common stock immediately prior to the date of the Exchange Agreement, (b) exceed 19.9% of the combined voting power of the outstanding voting securities of Odyssey immediately prior to the date of the Exchange Agreement, or (c) otherwise exceed such number of shares of Odyssey’s common stock that would violate applicable listing rules of the NASDAQ Capital Market.

Contribution Agreement

In connection with the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement, Odyssey, the Purchaser, and OML also entered into a Contribution Agreement pursuant to which additional membership interest units of OML may be issued to the Purchaser in consideration of the contribution to OML by Odyssey from time to time of certain property or other assets and services with an aggregate value of up to $10.0 million.

CIC Services Agreement

On August 8, 2023, the CIC Services Agreement Note was amended to extend the maturity date of the Note to August 15, 2023.

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ITEM 2. MA NAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis is intended to provide a narrative of our financial results and an evaluation of our results of operation and financial condition. The discussion should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements, the related notes to the financial statements and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

In addition to historical information, this discussion contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 regarding the Company’s expectations concerning its future operations, earnings and prospects. On the date the forward-looking statements are made, the statements represent the Company’s expectations, but the expectations concerning its future operations, earnings and prospects may change. The Company’s expectations involve risks and uncertainties and are based on many assumptions that the Company believes to be reasonable, but such assumptions may ultimately prove to be inaccurate or incomplete, in whole or in part. Accordingly, there can be no assurances that the Company’s expectations and the forward-looking statements will be correct. Please refer to the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of risk factors that could cause actual results to differ from the expectations stated in this discussion. Odyssey disclaims any obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements except as required by law.

Operational Update

Additional information regarding our announced projects can be found in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Only projects material in nature or with material status updates are discussed below. We may have other projects in various stages of planning or execution that may not be disclosed for security or legal reasons until considered appropriate by management or required by law.

Our subsea project portfolio contains multiple projects in various stages of development throughout the world and across different mineral resources. We are regularly evaluating new projects through the development of new deposits, acquisition of mineral rights/deposits and through a leveraged contracting model, which allows the company to earn equity in deep-sea mineral projects.

With respect to mineral deposits, Subpart 1300 of Regulations S-K outlines the SEC’s basic mining disclosure policy and what information may be disclosed in public filings.

Subsea Mineral Mining Exploration Projects

ExO Phosphate Project:

The “Exploraciones Oceánicas” ("ExO") Phosphate Project is a rich deposit of phosphate sands located 70-90 meters deep within Mexico’s Exclusive Economic Zone ("EEZ"). This deposit contains a large amount of high-grade phosphate rock that can be extracted on a financially attractive basis (essentially a standard dredging operation). The product will be attractive to Mexican and other world producers of fertilizers and can provide important benefits to Mexico’s agricultural development.

The deposit lies within an exclusive mining concession licensed to the Mexican company Exploraciones Oceánicas S. de R.L. de CV (“ExO”). Oceanica Resources, S. de R.L., a Panamanian company (“Oceanica”) owns 99.99% of ExO, and Odyssey owns 56.29% of Oceanica through Odyssey Marine Enterprises, Ltd., a wholly owned Bahamian company (“Enterprises”).

In 2012, ExO was granted a 50-year mining license by Mexico (extendable for another 50 years at ExO’s option) for the deposit that lies 25-40 km offshore in Baja California Sur.

We spent more than three years preparing an environmentally sustainable development plan with the assistance of experts in marine dredging and leading environmental scientists from around the world. Key features of the environmental plan included:

•
No chemicals would be used in the dredging process or released into the sea.
•
A specialized return down pipe that exceeds international best practices to manage the return of dredged sands close to the seabed, limiting plume or impact to the water column and marine ecosystem (including primary production).
•
The seabed would be restored after dredging in such a way as to promote rapid regeneration of seabed organisms in dredged areas.
•
Ecotoxicology tests demonstrated that the dredging and return of sediment to the seabed would not have toxic effects on organisms.

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Sound propagation studies concluded that noise levels generated during dredging would be similar to whale-watching vessels, merchant ships and fisherman’s ships that already regularly transit this area, proving the system is not a threat to marine mammals.
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Dredging limited to less than one square kilometer each year, which means the project would operate in only a tiny proportion of the concession area each year.
•
Proven turtle protection measures were incorporated, even though the deposit and the dredging activity are much deeper and colder than where turtles feed and live, making material harm to the species highly remote.
•
There will be no material impact on local fisheries as fishermen have historically avoided the water column directly above the deposit due to the naturally low occurrence of fish there.
•
The project would not be visible from the shoreline and would not impact tourism or coastal activities.
•
Precautionary mitigation measures were incorporated into the development plan in line with best-practice global operational standards.
•
The technology proposed to recover the phosphate sands has been safely used in Mexican waters for over 20 years on more than 200 projects.

Notwithstanding the factors stated above, in April 2016 the Mexican Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources (“SEMARNAT”) unlawfully rejected the permit to move forward with the project.

ExO challenged the decision in Mexican Federal court and in March 2018, the Tribunal Federal de Justicia Administrativa (“TFJA”), an 11-judge panel, ruled unanimously that SEMARNAT denied the application in violation of Mexican law and ordered the agency to re-take its decision. Just prior to the change in administration later in 2018, SEMARNAT denied the permit a second time in defiance of the court. ExO is once again challenging the unlawful decision of the Peña Nieto administration before the TFJA. In addition, in April 2019, we filed a North American Free Trade Agreement (“NAFTA”) Claim against Mexico to protect our shareholders’ interests and significant investment in the project.

Our claim seeks compensation of over $2 billion on the basis that SEMARNAT’s wrongful repeated denial of authorization has destroyed the value of our investment in the country and is in violation of the following provisions of NAFTA:

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Article 1102. National Treatment.
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Article 1105. Minimum Standard of Treatment; and
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Article 1110. Expropriation and Compensation.

We filed our First Memorial in the NAFTA case in September 2020. It is supported by documentary evidence and 20 expert reports and witness statements. In summary, this evidence includes:

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MERITS: Testimony from independent environmental experts that the environmental impact of ExO’s phosphate project is minimal and readily mitigated by the mitigation measures proposed by ExO. Witnesses also testified that Mexico’s denial of environmental approval by the prior administration was politically motivated and not justified on environmental grounds, and that Mexico granted environmental permits to similar dredging projects in areas that are considered more environmentally sensitive than ExO’s project location.
•
RESOURCE: An independent certified marine geologist testified as to the size and character of the resource.
•
OPERATIONAL VIABILITY: Engineering experts testified that the project uses established dredging and processing technology, and the project’s anticipated CAPEX and OPEX was reasonable.
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VALUE: A phosphate market analyst testified that the project’s projected CAPEX and OPEX would make the project one of the lowest cost phosphate rock resources in the world, and damages experts testified the project would be commercially viable and profitable.

Odyssey filed its First Memorial in the case on September 4, 2020. Mexico filed its Counter-Memorial on February 23, 2021. On June 29, 2021, we filed our reply to Mexico’s Counter-Memorial. Odyssey’s filings are available at www.odysseymarine.com/nafta. Mexico filed its Rejoinder on October 19, 2021. The procedural calendar and case filings are available on the ICSID website. The NAFTA Tribunal hearing took place in early 2022. In accordance with the procedural calendar, written post-hearing briefs were filed in September 2022. The evidentiary phase of the case is now closed, and the Tribunal has begun its deliberations. Odyssey cannot predict the length of these deliberations or when a ruling will be issued, but we remain confident in the merits of our case.

On June 14, 2019, Odyssey and ExO executed an agreement that provided up to $6.5 million in funding for prior, current and future costs of the NAFTA action. On January 31, 2020, this agreement was amended and restated, as a result of which the availability increased to $10.0 million. In December 2020, Odyssey announced it secured an additional $10 million from the funder

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to aid in our NAFTA case. On June 14, 2021, the funder agreed to fund up to an additional $5.0 million for litigation costs. The funder will not have any right of recourse against us unless the environmental permit is awarded or if proceeds are received (See NOTE 9 Loans Payable – Litigation Financing).

CIC Project:

CIC Limited ("CIC") is a deep-sea mineral exploration company. CIC is supported by a consortium of companies providing expertise and financial contributions in support of development of the project. Odyssey is a member of the consortium, which also includes Royal Boskalis Westminster.

On February 23, 2022, the Cook Islands Seabed Minerals Authority ("SBMA") awarded CIC a five-year exploration license beginning June 2022. Offshore explorations and research commenced in the third quarter of 2022 with positive results in early sampling and testing of vessels and equipment, which informed requirements for viable operational functions as the basis for a longer term operation over the license period. The early operations also resulted in preliminary resource sampling, which will ultimately accrue to the resource evaluation and regional environmental assessment when primary operations commence in 2023.

Through a wholly owned subsidiary, we have earned and now hold approximately 14.67% of the current outstanding equity units of CIC issued in exchange for provision of services by the Company.

We have the ability to earn up to an aggregate of 20.0 million equity units over the next several calendar years, which represents an approximate 16.0% interest in CIC, based upon the currently outstanding equity units. This means we can earn approximately 1.7 million additional equity units in CIC under our current services agreement. We achieved our current equity position through the provision of services rendered to CIC (see Note 6 Investment in Unconsolidated Entity).

Ocean Minerals, LLC Project:

Ocean Minerals LLC (“OML”) is a deepwater critical metals exploration and development company incorporated in the Cayman Islands. Moana Minerals Limited ("Moana Minerals") is a wholly owned subsidiary of Ocean Minerals LLC and is a deepwater critical metals exploration and development company incorporated in the Cook Islands with offices and operations based in Rarotonga, Cook Islands. In 2022, the Cook Island's Seabed Mineral Authority ("SBMA") awarded Moana Minerals a five-year exploration license ("EL3") for a 23,630 square kilometer area in the Cook Islands’ EEZ.

Moana Minerals has discovered polymetallic nodules in their exploration license area and, pursuant to the SBMA's standards and guidelines, it is conducting further exploration activities to increase confidence in the reported mineral resource and size of the reported mineral resources and to secure environmental approvals to perform commercial operations. OML and its project partners are also advancing work to develop recovery systems to harvest and process these high-quality seafloor polymetallic nodules commercially.

On June 4, 2023, Odyssey entered into a purchase agreement to acquire a 13% interest in OML in exchange for a contribution by Odyssey of its interest in a 6,000-meter remotely operated vehicle ("ROV") and cash contributions of up to $10 million in a series of transactions over the next year. The purchase agreement allows Odyssey to acquire up to 40% of OML over the next 18 months at Odyssey’s discretion.

The 6,000-meter rated ROV contributed to OML by Odyssey will provide OML with an additional tool to advance the project toward eventual applications for an environmental permit and harvesting license when exploration and feasibility studies are completed and demonstrate how harvesting can be done without serious environmental harm. Over the next year, OML expects to advance its current JORC-compliant report, substantially increasing resources reporting to indicated and measured confidence levels and completing its preliminary Feasibility Study, among other important project milestones.

South American Projects:

Odyssey reached an exclusive agreement in early 2022 with BlueSea Minerals, Ltd. and BlueSea Minerals Brasil Ltda, (collectively, “BlueSea Group”) to create a new joint venture company (the “JV”) in which Odyssey will own a 75% interest. The JV would have exclusive rights to 19 highly prospective phosphate areas in the Exclusive Economic Zone ("EEZ") of a South American country. Odyssey has determined that it will not actively pursue this project at this time, but it will continue to explore this and other potential opportunities in South America.

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LIHIR Gold Project:

The exploration license for the Lihir Gold Project covers a subsea area that contains at least five prospective gold exploration targets in two different mineralization types: seamount-related epithermal and modern placer gold. Two subaqueous debris fields within the area are adjacent to the terrestrial Ladolam Gold Mine and are believed to have originated from the same volcanogenic source. The resource lies 500-2,000 meters deep in the Papua New Guinea Exclusive Economic Zone off the coast of Lihir Island, adjacent to the location of one of the world’s largest know terrestrial gold deposits. We have an 85.6% interest in Bismarck Mining Corporation, Ltd, the Papua New Guinea company that holds the exploration license for the project.

Previous exploration expeditions in the license area, including research conducted by Odyssey, indicate it is highly prospective for commercially viable gold content.

In August 2021, Papua New Guinea (“PNG”) issued a permit extension allowing Odyssey to continue with our exploration program. We have developed an exploration program for the Lihir Gold Project to validate and quantify the precious and base metal content of the prospective resource. The Company met with local regulatory authorities, specialists in local mining, environmental legal experts, and logistics support service companies in PNG to establish baseline business functions essential for a successful program to support upcoming marine exploration operations in the license area. This offshore work began in late 2021 and is ongoing. Bismarck and Odyssey value the environment and respect the interests and people of Papua New Guinea and Lihir and are committed to transparent sharing of all environmental data collected during the exploration program.

Offshore survey and mapping operations commenced in December 2021 in the Papua New Guinea, Lihir license area and was completed in 2022. This work produced a high-resolution acoustic terrain model of the seafloor in the area, as well as acquiring acoustic images of subseafloor sediments and lithology. This allowed characterization of the geologic setting of the area and essentially created a “snapshot” of the environment. These activities will help us to further characterize the value of this project and allow informed decision making on how to proceed with environmentally sensitive direct geologic sampling. In the first half of 2023, a comprehensive project plan was designed identifying specific target areas for geological and environmental samples to be collected in future offshore operations. No timetable has been set for operations to commence, as operational plans are currently being developed.

Odyssey’s multi-year exploration program will focus on robust environmental surveys and studies that will accrue to environmental permitting in compliance with PNG’s requirements as well as the development of an Environmental Impact Assessment (“EIA”). During the exploration phase, steps to validate and quantify the precious and base metal content of the prospective resource will also be carried out. Once completed, if the data shows extraction can be carried out responsibly, Odyssey will apply for a Mining License.

Further development of this project is dependent on the characterization of any present resources during exploration and license approvals.

Critical Accounting Policies and Changes to Accounting Policies

There have been no material changes in our critical accounting estimates since December 31, 2022.

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Results of Operations

The dollar values discussed in the following tables, except as otherwise indicated, are approximations to the nearest thousands and therefore do not necessarily sum in columns or rows. For more detail refer to the Financial Statements in Part I, Item 1.

Three months ended June 30, 2023, compared to three months ended June 30, 2022

Increase/(Decrease) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2023 vs. 2022 |
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | $ |  |  | % |
Total revenues |  | $ | 173 |  |  | $ | 390 |  |  | $ | (217 | ) |  |  | (55.6 | )%
Marketing, general and administrative |  |  | 1,821 |  |  |  | 2,292 |  |  | $ | (471 | ) |  |  | (20.5 | )%
Operations and research |  |  | 1,499 |  |  |  | 1,230 |  |  | $ | 269 |  |  |  | 21.9 | %
Total operating expenses |  | $ | 3,320 |  |  | $ | 3,522 |  |  | $ | (202 | ) |  |  | (5.7 | )%
Total other income (expense) |  | $ | (4,895 | ) |  | $ | (3,410 | ) |  | $ | (1,485 | ) |  |  | 43.5 | %
Income tax benefit (provision) |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3 |  |  |  | 100.0 | %
Non-controlling interest |  | $ | 2,315 |  |  | $ | 1,858 |  |  | $ | 457 |  |  |  | 24.6 | %
Net income (loss) |  | $ | (5,724 | ) |  | $ | (4,683 | ) |  | $ | (1,041 | ) |  |  | 22.2 | %

Revenue

The revenue generated in each period was a result of performing marine research and project administration for our customers and related parties. Total revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2023 decreased $217,000 to $173,000 compared to $390,000 from the three months ended June 30, 2022. One company to which we provided these services in both years is a deep-sea mineral exploration company, CIC, which we consider to be a related party since it is owned and controlled by our past Chairman of the Board (see NOTE 5 Related Party Transactions).

Operating Expenses

Marketing, general and administrative expenses primarily include all costs within the following departments: Executive, Finance & Accounting, Legal, Information Technology, Human Resources, Marketing & Communications, Sales and Business Development. Expenses decreased $471,000 to $1.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2023, compared to $2.3 million from the three months ended June 30, 2022. The items contributing to this $471,000 decrease were a decrease of $86,000 in employee benefits and compensation related expenses, a decrease of $170,000 in legal and other professional expenses, and a decrease in share-based compensation of $168,000.

Operations and research expenses are primarily focused around deep-sea mineral exploration, which include minerals research, scientific services, marine operations and project management. Operations and research expenses increased by $269,000 from three months ended June 30, 2023 to the three months ended June 30, 2022 a result of a $530,000 increase in expenses for marine equipment preparing for sea testing and a $168,000 increase in employee benefits and compensation related expenses, offset by a $361,000 decrease in litigation financing costs directly associated with our NAFTA arbitration.

Total Other Income and Expense

Total other income and expense was $4.9 million and $3.4 million in net expenses for three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, resulting in a net expense increase of $1.5 million. This variance was attributable to a $771,000 increase in interest expense in connection with our NAFTA litigation funding. Additionally, during the three months ended June 30, 2023, we recorded a $301,000 loss on the extinguishment of debt as a result of the write off of the CIC note receivable original issue discount.

Taxes and Non-Controlling Interest

Due to losses, we did not accrue any taxes in either period ending 2023 or 2022.

Starting in 2013, we became the controlling shareholder of Oceanica. Our financial statements thus include the financial results of Oceanica and its subsidiary, ExO. Except for intercompany transactions that are fully eliminated upon consolidation, Oceanica’s revenues and expenses, in their entirety, are shown in our condensed consolidated financial statements. The share of Oceanica’s net losses corresponding to the equity of Oceanica not owned by us is subsequently shown as the “Non-Controlling Interest” in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The non-controlling interest adjustment in the three months ended

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June 30, 2023 was $2.3 million as compared to $1.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2022. The substance of these amounts is primarily due to the increase in permits and other standard operating costs.

Six months ended June 30, 2023, compared to six months ended June 30, 2022

Increase/(Decrease) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2023 vs. 2022 |
(Dollars in thousands) |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | $ |  |  | % |
Total revenues |  | $ | 461 |  |  | $ | 690 |  |  | $ | (229 | ) |  |  | (33 | )%
Marketing, general and administrative |  |  | 3,699 |  |  |  | 4,211 |  |  | $ | (512 | ) |  |  | (12.2 | )%
Operations and research |  |  | 3,286 |  |  |  | 6,286 |  |  | $ | (3,000 | ) |  |  | (47.7 | )%
Total operating expenses |  | $ | 6,985 |  |  | $ | 10,497 |  |  | $ | (3,511 | ) |  |  | (33.5 | )%
Total other income (expense) |  | $ | 12,841 |  |  | $ | (6,826 | ) |  | $ | 19,667 |  |  |  | (288.1 | )%
Income tax benefit (provision) |  | $ | 9 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 9 |  |  |  | 100 | %
Non-controlling interest |  | $ | 4,551 |  |  | $ | 3,719 |  |  | $ | 832 |  |  |  | 22.4 | %
Net income (loss) |  | $ | 10,877 |  |  | $ | (12,914 | ) |  | $ | 23,791 |  |  |  | (184.2 | )%

Revenue

Total revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2023 decreased $229,000 to $461,000 as compared to $690,000 from the six months ended June 30, 2022, which is consistent as compared to the same period a year ago.

Operating Expenses

Marketing, general and administrative expenses decreased $512,000 to $3.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to $4.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022. The items contributing to this $512,000 decrease were a $359,000 decrease in share-based compensation expense, a $52,000 decrease in employee benefits and compensation related expenses, a $296,000 decrease in legal expenses. The decrease was offset by a $248,000 increase in other professional services.

Operations and research expenses decreased by $3.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2023 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2022 as a result of a $4.6 million decrease in litigation finance costs, offset by a $1.2 million increase in expenses for marine equipment preparing for sea testing, a $273,000 increase in depreciation expense, and a $105,000 increase in employee benefits and compensation related expenses.

Total Other Income and Expense

Total other income and expense was $12.8 million in net income and $6.8 million in net expense for 2023 and 2022, respectively, resulting in a net income increase of $19.7 million. This variance was attributable to a $21.2 million gain on debt extinguishment, a $1.4 million increase in interest expense and a $548,000 increase in foreign exchange rates expense.

Taxes and Non-Controlling Interest

The non-controlling interest adjustment for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $4.6 million as compared to $3.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022. The substance of these amounts is primarily due to the increase in permits and other standard operating costs.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

|  | Six Months Ended |
(In thousands) |  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |
Summary of Cash Flows: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net cash used in operating activities |  | $ | (7,369 | ) |  | $ | (2,751 | )
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | 943 |  |  |  | (312 | )
Net cash provided by financing activities |  |  | 6,815 |  |  |  | 11,323 |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 389 |  |  | $ | 8,260 |
Beginning cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 1,443 |  |  |  | 2,275 |
Ending cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 1,832 |  |  | $ | 10,535 |

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Discussion of Cash Flows

Net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $7.4 million. This represents an approximate $4.6 million increase in use of funds when compared to the use of $2.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2022. The net cash used in operating activities reflected a net loss before non-controlling interest of $8.0 million and is adjusted primarily by non-cash items of $20.0 million, which primarily includes share-based compensation of 373,000, note payable accretion of $858,000, offset by an investment in unconsolidated entity of $438,000. Other operating activities resulted in an increase in working capital of $6.3 million. This $6.3 million increase includes a $8.6 million increase to accrued expenses and an increase of $1.1 million to accounts payable in 2023. The increase in accrued expenses and accounts payable is predominantly related to our NAFTA financed litigation.

Cash flows used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 were minimal. During the six months ended June 30, 2023 the net cash used in investing activities was for the purchase of $943,000 of property and equipment.

Cash flows provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 were $6.8 million. The $6.8 million comprises $15.1 million received from the issuance of loans payable offset by the $11.1 million of debt obligation payments and $1.0 million attributable to a waiver fee payment. Cash flows provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were $11.3 million. The $11.3 million comprises $2.2 million received from issuance of loans payable, $16.5 million the sale of common stock, $1.8 million due to offering cost paid on the sale of said common stock, $524,000 for the repurchase of stock based awards, and $5.1 million of debt obligation payments.

Other Cash Flow and Equity Areas

General Discussion

At June 30, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $1.8 million, an increase of $0.4 million from the December 31, 2022 balance of $1.4 million. Financial debt of the company was $36.8 million at June 30, 2023 and $46.7 million at December 31, 2022. During March 2023, we entered Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement, pursuant to which we issued and sold to an institutional investor (a) a promissory note (the “DP SPV Note”) in the principal amount of up to $14,0 million, of which $13.1 million was advanced in March 2023 and an additional $450,000 was advanced during the three months ended June 30, 2023 and (b) a warrant (the “Warrant” and, together with the Note, the “Securities”) to purchase up to 3,465,778 shares of Odyssey’s common stock. We also paid AHMSA $9.0 million in cash to terminate the Minosa Notes in cash and converted a portion of the MINOSA Notes into 304,879 shares of Odyssey’s common stock. During April 2023, Odyssey entered into a $3.5 million sale-leaseback arrangement for marine equipment and CIC repaid principal and interest in the aggregate amount of $1,068,000 in full satisfaction of the convertible promissory note and the Loan Agreement. A portion of the proceeds of the April sale-leaseback transaction was used to repay the note outstanding to the seller of the marine equipment that we issued in December 2022. During June 2023, Odyssey entered into note purchase agreement with 37North SPV 11, LLC for $1.0 million and entered into a $1.0 million sale-leaseback arrangement for marine equipment.

Since SEMARNAT declined to approve the environmental permit application of our Mexican subsidiary in April 2016 and again in October 2018, notwithstanding that the Superior Court of the Federal Court of Administrative Justice (“TFJA”) in Mexico nullified SEMARNAT’s 2016 denial, we continue to support the efforts of our subsidiaries and partners to work through the administrative, legal and political process necessary to have the decision reviewed and overturned in the court of the TFJA. On January 4, 2019, we initiated the process to submit a claim against Mexico to arbitration under the investment protection chapter of the NAFTA. On September 4, 2020, we filed our First Memorial with the Tribunal. The First Memorial is the filing that fully lays out our case, witnesses and evidence for the Tribunal. Mexico filed its counter-memorial, which is available on the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (“ICSID”) website, on February 23, 2021. On June 29, 2021, we filed our reply to Mexico’s counter-memorial. Odyssey’s filings are available at www.odysseymarine.com/nafta. The NAFTA Tribunal hearing took place in early 2022. In accordance with the procedural calendar, written post hearing briefs were filed in September 2022. The evidentiary phase of the case is now closed.

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Financings

The Company’s consolidated notes payable consisted of the following carrying values and related interest expense at:

|  | Note payable |  |  | Interest expense |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | December 31, 2022 |  |  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | June 30, 2023 |  |  | June 30, 2022 |
MINOSA 1 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 14,750,001 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 294,191 |  |  | $ | 210,137 |  |  | $ | 585,150 |
MINOSA 2 |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5,050,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 125,904 |  |  |  | 89,932 |  |  |  | 250,424 |
Litigation financing |  |  | 23,706,579 |  |  |  | 24,347,513 |  |  |  | 3,253,645 |  |  |  | 2,977,352 |  |  |  | 6,355,709 |  |  |  | 5,458,020 |
DP SPV I LLC note |  |  | 10,789,776 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 924,676 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,240,656 |  |  |  | — |
Emergency Injury Disaster Loan |  |  | 150,000 |  |  |  | 149,900 |  |  |  | 1,402 |  |  |  | 1,461 |  |  |  | 2,789 |  |  |  | 2,922 |
Vendor note payable |  |  | 484,009 |  |  |  | 484,009 |  |  |  | 14,480 |  |  |  | 14,481 |  |  |  | 28,802 |  |  |  | 28,803 |
Seller note payable |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,400,000 |  |  |  | 1,962 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 64,696 |  |  |  | — |
AFCO Insurance note payable |  |  | 188,037 |  |  |  | 562,280 |  |  |  | 2,849 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10,595 |  |  |  | — |
Monaco |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 37,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 148,000 |
Pignatelli note |  |  | 500,000 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 12,466 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 16,027 |  |  |  | — |
Galileo note |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 723 |  |  |  | — |
37North |  |  | 1,004,918 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4,918 |  |  |  | 100,000 |  |  |  | 4,918 |  |  |  | 300,000 |
Finance liability |  |  | 4,101,826 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 116,826 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 116,826 |  |  |  | — |
|  | $ | 40,925,145 |  |  | $ | 46,743,703 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

Litigation Financing

Waiver and Consent

On January 31, 2020, Odyssey and ExO (together with Odyssey, the "Claimholder") and Poplar Falls LLC (the "Funder") entered into an Amended and Restated International Claims Enforcement Agreement (as amended, the "Agreement"), pursuant to which the Funder agreed to provide funding to the Claimholder to facilitate the prosecution and recovery of the claim by the Claimholder against the United Mexican States under Chapter Eleven of the North American Free Trade Agreement.

On March 6, 2023, the Claimholder and the Funder under the Agreement entered into a Waiver and Consent Agreement, pursuant to which, among other things, (a) the Funder consented to allow the Claimholder to fund certain costs and expenses arising from the Subject Claim from the Claimholder’s own capital in an aggregate amount not to exceed $5,000,000, and (b) Odyssey paid a $1,000,000 nonrefundable waiver fee to the Funder. The waiver fee was accounted for as a debt modification and recorded as an additional debt discount of $1,000,000, which is being amortized through December 31, 2025, using the effective interest method, which is charged to interest expense.

For the three months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we recorded $86,130 and $72,013, respectively, of interest expense from the amortization of the debt discount and $36,724 and $36,724 of interest from the fee amortization, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, we recorded $167,614 and $140,153, respectively of interest expense from the amortization of the debt discount and $73,448 and $73,448 of interest from the fee amortization, respectively. The June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 carrying value of the debt was $23,706,579 and $24,347,513, respectively, and were net of unamortized debt fees of $73,449 and $146,897, respectively, as well as the net unamortized debt discount of $186,382 and $353,996, respectively, associated with the fair value of the warrant. The total face value of this obligation at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was $24,853,038 and $24,848,406, respectively.

DP SPV I LLC

On March 6, 2023, Odyssey entered into a Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with an institutional investor pursuant to which Odyssey issued and sold to the investor (a) a promissory note (the “ DP SPV Note”) in the principal amount of up to $14,0 million, of which $13.1 million was advanced in March 2023 and an additional $450,000 was advanced during the three months ended June 30, 2023 and (b) a warrant (the “Warrant” and, together with the DP SPV Note, the “Securities”) to purchase shares of Odyssey’s common stock.

The principal amount outstanding under the Note bears interest at the rate of 11.0% per annum, and interest is payable in cash on a quarterly basis, except that, (a) at Odyssey’s option and upon notice to the holder of the DP SPV Note, any quarterly interest payment may be satisfied, in lieu of paying such cash interest, by adding an equivalent amount to the principal amount of the DP SPV Note (“PIK Interest”), and (b) the first quarterly interest payment due under the DP SPV Note will be satisfied with PIK Interest. The DP SPV Note provides Odyssey with the right, but not the obligation, upon notice to the holder of the DP SPV Note

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to redeem (x) at any time before the first anniversary of the issuance of the DP SPV Note, all or any portion of the indebtedness outstanding under the Note (together with all accrued and unpaid interest, including PIK Interest) for an amount equal to one hundred twenty percent (120%) of the outstanding principal amount so being redeemed, and (y) at any time on or after the first anniversary of the issuance of the DP SPV Note, all or any portion of the indebtedness outstanding under the DP SPV Note (together with all accrued and unpaid interest, including PIK Interest). Unless the DP SPV Note is sooner redeemed at Odyssey’s option, all indebtedness under the DP SPV Note is due and payable on September 6, 2024. Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, Odyssey agreed to use the proceeds of the sale of the Securities to fund Odyssey’s obligations under the Termination Agreement (as defined below), to pay legal fees and costs related to Odyssey’s NAFTA arbitration against the United Mexican States, to pay fees and expenses related to the transactions contemplated by the Purchase Agreement, and for working capital and other general corporate expenditures. Odyssey’s obligations under DP SPV Note are secured by a security interest in substantially all of Odyssey’s assets (subject to limited stated exclusions).

Under the terms of the Warrant, the holder has the right for a period of three years after issuance to purchase up to 3,465,778 shares of Odyssey’s common stock at an exercise price of $3.78 per share, which represents 120.0% of the official closing price of Odyssey’s common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market immediately preceding the signing of the Purchase Agreement, upon delivery of a notice of exercise to Odyssey. Upon exercise of the Warrant, Odyssey has the option to either (a) deliver the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise or (b) pay to the holder an amount equal to the difference between (i) the aggregate exercise price payable under the notice of exercise and (ii) the product of (A) the number of shares of common stock indicated in the notice of exercise multiplied by (B) the arithmetic average of the daily volume-weighted average price of the common stock on the NASDAQ Capital Market for the five consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the trading day immediately prior to the date of the notice of exercise. The warrant provides for customary adjustments to the exercise price and the number of shares of common stock issuable upon exercise in the event of a stock split, recapitalization, reclassification, combination or exchange of shares, separation, reorganization, liquidation, or the like.

In connection with the execution and delivery of the Purchase Agreement, Odyssey entered into a registration rights agreement (the “Registration Rights Agreement”) pursuant to which Odyssey agreed to register the offer and sale of the shares (the “Exercise Shares”) of Odyssey common stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrant. Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, Odyssey agreed to prepare and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) a registration statement covering the resale of the Exercise Shares and to use its reasonable best efforts to have the registration statement declared effective by the SEC as soon as practicable thereafter, subject to stated deadlines.

We incurred $98,504 in related fees which are being amortized over the term of the Purchase Agreement and charged to legal expense with-in marketing, general and administrative expense. The total proceeds of $13.6 million were allocated between debt and equity for the warrants based on the relative fair value of the two instruments. As a result, there was a debt discount of $3,536.154, which is being amortized over the remaining term of the Purchase Agreement using the effective interest method, which is charged to interest expense.

For the six months ended June 30, 2023, we recorded $750,871 of interest expense from the amortization of the debt discount and interest from the fee amortization, respectively. The June 30, 2023 carrying value of the debt was $10,789,776 and was net of unamortized debt fees of $77,587, net of unamortized debt discount of $2,785,283 associated with the fair value of the warrant. The total face value of this obligation at June 30, 2023 was $13,652,646.

37North

On June 29, 2023 we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (“Note Agreement”) with 37North SPV 11, LLC (“37N”) pursuant to which 37N agreed to loan us $1,000,000. The proceeds from this transaction were received in full on June 29, 2023. Pursuant to the Note Agreement, the indebtedness was non-interest bearing and matured on July 30, 2023. At any time from 31 days after the maturity date, 37N has the option to convert all or a portion of the outstanding amount of the indebtedness into conversion shares equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (A) 120% of the amount of the indebtedness, by (B) the lower of $3.66 or 70% of the 10-day volume-weighted average price of Common Stock. The aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock to be issued in connection with conversion of the indebtedness is not to exceed (i) 19.9% of the outstanding shares of Common Stock prior to the date of the Agreement, (ii) 19.9% of the combined voting power of the outstanding voting securities, or (iii) exceed the applicable listing rules of the Principal Market if the stockholders did not approve the issuance of Common Stock upon conversion of the indebtedness.

Any time prior to maturity, we had the option to prepay the indebtedness at an amount of 108% of the unpaid principal. From the maturity date to 29 days after the maturity date (August 27, 2023), we are permitted to repay all (but not less than) of an amount equal to 112.5% of the unpaid amount of the indebtedness. At any time after the 30th day after the maturity date (August 28, 2023), we are permitted to repay all (but not less than) of an amount equal to 115% of the unpaid amount of the indebtedness

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after 10 days' notice. If 37N delivers an exercise notice during this 10-day period, the Note would be converted to shares of Common Stock, instead of being repaid.

If 37N delivers an exercise notice and the number of shares issuable is limited by the 19.9% limitation outlined above, then we are permitted to repay all of the remaining unpaid amount of the Loan in an amount equal to 130% of the remaining unpaid amount.

Accounting considerations

We evaluated the indebtedness and determined that the embedded conversion option is not considered clearly and closely related to the host contract and requires bifurcation. The optional prepayment option provides the right to accelerate the settlement of debt; however, the prepayment options can only be exercised by the Company. As such, they are considered clearly and closely related to the debt host instrument and bifurcation was not necessary. Although the indebtedness did not bear interest, it was required to be repaid at amounts greater than the face value. According to ASC 470-10-35-2, if a debt instrument has a contractual maturity date that can be extended at the issuer’s option, at an increasing rate, the debt discounts and issuance costs must be amortized over the period in which the debt is estimated to be outstanding, even if that period extends beyond the debt’s original contractual maturity date. The difference between the proceeds received and the repayment amount are generally amortized over the expected life of the indebtedness using the effective interest method. Management estimated the expected life to be very limited, so the expected repayment amount of $1.2 million, representing 120% of the indebtedness, was recorded upon issuance of the Note Agreement.

Certain default put provisions were not considered to be clearly and closely related to the debt host, but management concluded that the value of these default put provisions was de minimis.

Going Concern Consideration

We have experienced several years of net losses and may continue to do so. Our ability to generate net income or positive cash flows for the following twelve months is dependent upon financings, our success in developing and monetizing our interests in mineral exploration entities, generating income from exploration charters, collecting on amounts owed to us.

Our 2023 business plan requires us to generate new cash inflows to effectively allow us to perform our planned projects. We continually plan to generate new cash inflows through the monetization of our receivables and equity stakes in seabed mineral companies, financings, syndications or other partnership opportunities. If cash inflow ever became insufficient to meet our desired projected business plan requirements, we would be required to follow a contingency business plan based on curtailed expenses and fewer cash requirements. During March 2023, we entered Note and Warrant Purchase Agreement pursuant to which we issued and sold to an institutional investor a promissory note (the “Note”) in the principal amount of up to $14.0 million, of which $13.1 million was advanced in March 2023 and an additional $450,000 was advanced during the three months ended June 30, 2023. On April 4, 2023, and June 30, Odyssey entered into a $3.5 million and $1.0 million sale-leaseback arrangements, respectively, for marine equipment. A portion of the proceeds of the April sale-leaseback transaction was used to repay the note outstanding to the seller of the marine equipment that we issued in December 2022. On April 6, 2023, CIC repaid principal and interest in the aggregate amount of $1,068,000 in full satisfaction of the convertible promissory note and the Loan Agreement. On June 26, 2023, Odyssey entered into note purchase agreement with 37North SPV 11, LLC for $1.0 million. The balance of the proceeds from the Note, after payment of certain obligations, the sale-leaseback arrangements and the CIC loan and note repayment, together with other anticipated cash inflows, are expected to provide operating funds through 2024.

Our consolidated non-restricted cash balance at June 30, 2023 was $1.8 million. We have a working capital deficit at June 30, 2023 of $35.7 million. The total consolidated book value of our assets was approximately $14.0 million at June 30, 2023, which includes cash of $1.8 million. The fair market value of these assets may differ from their net carrying book value. The factors noted above raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. These condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to the amounts and classification of assets and liabilities that may be necessary should we be unable to continue as a going concern.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2020-06, Debt-Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging-Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40). The amendments in this update are effective for public business entities that meet the definition of a Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filer, excluding entities eligible to be smaller reporting companies as defined by the SEC, for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. For all other entities,

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the amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The FASB specified that an entity should adopt the guidance as of the beginning of its annual fiscal year.

The amendments in ASU No. 2020-06 affect entities that issue convertible instruments and/or contracts in an entity’s own equity. For convertible instruments, the instruments primarily affected are those issued with beneficial conversion features or cash conversion features because the accounting models for those specific features are removed. However, all entities that issue convertible instruments are affected by the amendments to the disclosure requirements in this update. For contracts in an entity’s own equity, the contracts primarily affected are freestanding instruments and embedded features that are accounted for as derivatives under the current guidance because of failure to meet the settlement conditions of the derivatives scope exception related to certain requirements of the settlement assessment. The FASB simplified the settlement assessment by removing the requirements (1) to consider whether the contract would be settled in registered shares, (2) to consider whether collateral is required to be posted, and (3) to assess shareholder rights. Those amendments also affect the assessment of whether an embedded conversion feature in a convertible instrument qualifies for the derivatives scope exception. Additionally, the amendments in this update affect the diluted EPS calculation for instruments that may be settled in cash or shares and for convertible instruments. We adopted this ASU as of January 1, 2022. Adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial.

Other recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, the AICPA and the SEC did not or are not believed by management to have a material effect, if any, on the Company’s financial statements.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We do not engage in off-balance sheet financing arrangements. In particular, we do not have any interest in so-called limited purpose entities, which include special purpose entities (“SPEs”) and structured finance entities.

ITEM 3. QUANTI TATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk is the exposure to loss resulting from changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices and equity prices. We do not believe we have material market risk exposure and have not entered into any market risk sensitive instruments to mitigate these risks or for trading or speculative purposes.

We currently do not have any debt obligations with variable interest rates.

ITEM 4. CON TROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedure

Disclosure controls are procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, such as this report, are recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms. Disclosure controls are also designed to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and principal financial officer (“CFO”), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and implemented, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, as ours are designed to do, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our CEO and CFO, we have evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, our management, including our CEO and CFO, concluded that our

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disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of June 30, 2023, as the result of the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting discussed below, which is currently being remediated.

Notwithstanding the material weakness, management believes the consolidated financial statements included in this report present fairly, in all material respects, the Company’s financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for each of the periods presented in this report in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

In connection with our evaluation for the period ended June 30, 2023, we identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting for the period ended June 30, 2023, relating to the appropriate review of accounting positions for certain significant transactions. Specifically, (a) the Company does not have sufficient resources with the adequate technical skills to identify and evaluate specific accounting positions and conclusions, and (b) the Company has inadequate processes and controls to ensure appropriate level of precision of review related to our financial statement footnote disclosures.

The material weakness did not result in any material misstatement in our interim financial statements or disclosures as set forth in this report, and there were no changes required to any of our previously released interim or audited consolidated financial statements.

Remediation Efforts to Address Material Weakness

Management is committed to maintaining a strong internal control environment. In response to the identified material weakness, management, with the oversight of the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, has taken actions to remediate the material weakness in internal control over financial reporting by (a) engaging an Interim Controller with responsibility for monitoring the performance of controls by control owners, (b) commencing an evaluation of the skills and experience of our existing personnel with respect to public company experience and appropriate level of expertise in the respective areas of accounting, SEC financial reporting and associated internal controls commensurate with the type, volume and complexity of our accounting operations, transactions and reporting requirements, and (c) identifying accounting advisory consultants to engage to provide additional depth and breadth in our technical accounting, and will continue to utilize such consultants as appropriate until we have ensured that our personnel have the appropriate expertise and experience. In addition, we have reinforced the importance of adherence to Company policies regarding control performance and related documentation with control owners, identified training and resource needs for control owners, and developed monitoring activities to validate the performance of controls by control owners.

The Company anticipates the actions described above and resulting improvements in controls will strengthen the Company’s processes, procedures and controls related to management’s review of accounting positions for our transactions and will address the related material weakness. However, the material weakness cannot be considered remediated until the applicable control has operated for a sufficient period of time, and management has concluded, through testing, that the control is operating effectively.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Other than the material weakness described above and the ongoing remediation of such material weakness, there were no changes during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company may be subject to a variety of claims or suits that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of business. We are not a party to any litigation as a defendant where a loss contingency is required to be reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

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ITEM 1A. Ris k Factors

For information regarding risk factors, please refer to Item 1A in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Investors should consider such risk factors prior to making an investment decision with respect to the Company’s securities.

ITEM 2. U nregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

None.

ITEM 4. M ine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable

ITEM 5. Ot her Information

Not applicable

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ITEM 6. E xhibits

31.1 | Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Filed herewith electronically)
32.1 | Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 (Filed herewith electronically)
101 | Interactive Data File
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).

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SIG NATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

| ODYSSEY MARINE EXPLORATION, INC.
Date: August 14, 2023 | By: | /s/ Mark D. Gordon
|  | Mark D. Gordon
|  | Chief Executive Officer
|  | Principal Executive Officer
|  | Principal Financial and Accounting Officer

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