INCOME TAXES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2019

NOTE K — INCOME TAXES

Income tax benefit of

$2.5 million and $3.8

million for the three months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, represent taxes on both U.S. and foreign earnings at combined effective income tax benefit rates of

34.1% and 24.6%,

respectively. The effective rate for the three months ended March 31, 2019 differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% primarily due to state and local taxes and a benefit related to rate changes, partially offset by non-deductible expenses. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2018 reflects the reduced U.S. corporate income tax rate, partially offset by non-deductible expenses.

The Company has identified the following jurisdictions as “major” tax jurisdictions: U.S. Federal, California, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Illinois, Georgia and the United Kingdom.

The Company’s 2015 U.S. Federal income tax return and New York State tax returns for years 2014-2016 remain under audit with no proposed adjustments as of March 31, 2019.

The Company evaluates its tax positions on a quarterly basis and revises its estimates accordingly. There were no material changes to the Company’s uncertain tax positions, interest, or penalties during the three month period ended March 31, 2019. As of March 31, 2018, the estimated value of the Company’s uncertain tax positions was a gross liability of tax and interest of $3.7 million with an expected resolution of its tax positions of

$2.8

million within the following twelve months.