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Table of Contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
10-Q
(Mark One)

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2022

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission
File
Number
001-34099
MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

PENNSYLVANIA |  | 26-2753540
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1305 Cherrington Parkway, Building 210, Suite 400 Moon Township, Pennsylvania |  | 15108
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:
(412) 787-2100
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading Symbol(s) |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $.01 per share |  | MHH |  | NYSE American

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation
S-T
(§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a
non-accelerated
filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,”, and “emerging growth company” in
Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer |  | ☐ |  | Accelerated filer |  | ☐
Non-accelerated filer |  | ☒ |  | Smaller reporting company |  | ☒
|  |  |  | Emerging growth company |  | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in
Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
The number of shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, outstanding as of July 29, 2022 was 11,614,674.

Table of Contents
MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM
10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED JUNE 30, 2022

|  | Page |
PART 1 |  | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |  |  | 3 |
Item 1. |  | Financial Statements: |  |  | 3 |
|  | (a) |  | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 |  |  | 3 |
|  | (b) |  | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 |  |  | 4 |
|  | (c) |  | Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021 |  |  | 5 |
|  | (d) |  | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited) for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 |  |  | 6 |
|  | (e) |  | Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 |  |  | 7 |
|  | (f) |  | Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) |  |  | 8 |
Item 2. |  | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |  |  | 19 |
Item 3. |  | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |  |  | 26 |
Item 4. |  | Controls and Procedures |  |  | 26 |
PART II |  | OTHER INFORMATION |  |  | 27 |
Item 1. |  | Legal Proceedings |  |  | 27 |
Item 1A. |  | Risk Factors |  |  | 27 |
Item 2. |  | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |  |  | 27 |
Item 6. |  | Exhibits |  |  | 28 |
|  | SIGNATURES |  |  | 29 |

2

Table of Contents
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Revenues |  | $ | 62,117 |  |  | $ | 53,658 |  |  | $ | 121,872 |  |  | $ | 103,433 |
Cost of revenues |  |  | 45,371 |  |  |  | 39,343 |  |  |  | 89,194 |  |  |  | 76,314 |
Gross profit |  |  | 16,746 |  |  |  | 14,315 |  |  |  | 32,678 |  |  |  | 27,119 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating expenses |  |  | 13,198 |  |  |  | 10,986 |  |  |  | 25,823 |  |  |  | 21,921 |
Revaluation of contingent consideration liability |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,982 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,982 | )
Total selling, general and administrative expenses |  |  | 13,198 |  |  |  | 9,004 |  |  |  | 25,823 |  |  |  | 19,939 |
Income from operations |  |  | 3,548 |  |  |  | 5,311 |  |  |  | 6,855 |  |  |  | 7,180 |
Interest income (expense), net |  |  | (127 | ) |  |  | (159 | ) |  |  | (241 | ) |  |  | (354 | )
Other income (expense), net |  |  | 195 |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 249 |  |  |  | (22 | )
Income before income taxes |  |  | 3,616 |  |  |  | 5,167 |  |  |  | 6,863 |  |  |  | 6,804 |
Income tax expense |  |  | 1,180 |  |  |  | 1,429 |  |  |  | 2,095 |  |  |  | 1,872 |
Net income |  | $ | 2,436 |  |  | $ | 3,738 |  |  | $ | 4,768 |  |  | $ | 4,932 |
Earnings per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | .21 |  |  | $ | .33 |  |  | $ | .41 |  |  | $ | .43 |
Diluted |  | $ | .20 |  |  | $ | .31 |  |  | $ | .39 |  |  | $ | .41 |
Weighted average common shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  |  | 11,607 |  |  |  | 11,442 |  |  |  | 11,558 |  |  |  | 11,425 |
Diluted |  |  | 12,110 |  |  |  | 12,002 |  |  |  | 12,079 |  |  |  | 11,999 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
3

Table of Contents
MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Amounts in thousands)
(Unaudited)

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
Net income |  | $ | 2,436 |  |  | $ | 3,738 |  |  | $ | 4,768 |  |  | $ | 4,932 |
Other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net unrealized gain on interest-rate swap contracts |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 35 |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  |  | (319 | ) |  |  | (95 | ) |  |  | (466 | ) |  |  | (114 | )
Total pretax net unrealized (loss) |  |  | (319 | ) |  |  | (95 | ) |  |  | (466 | ) |  |  | (79 | )
Income tax expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 9 |
Total other comprehensive (loss), net of taxes |  |  | (319 | ) |  |  | (95 | ) |  |  | (466 | ) |  |  | (88 | )
Total comprehensive income |  | $ | 2,117 |  |  | $ | 3,643 |  |  | $ | 4,302 |  |  | $ | 4,844 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
4

Table of Contents
MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)
(Unaudited)

|  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 6,722 |  |  | $ | 6,622 |
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for uncollectible accounts of $375 in 2022 and $375 in 2021 |  |  | 37,730 |  |  |  | 34,153 |
Unbilled receivables |  |  | 13,478 |  |  |  | 9,240 |
Prepaid and other current assets |  |  | 3,102 |  |  |  | 3,890 |
Total current assets |  |  | 61,032 |  |  |  | 53,905 |
Equipment, enterprise software, and leasehold improvements, at cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Equipment |  |  | 2,788 |  |  |  | 2,356 |
Enterprise software |  |  | 4,172 |  |  |  | 3,753 |
Leasehold improvements |  |  | 749 |  |  |  | 842 |
|  |  | 7,709 |  |  |  | 6,951 |
Less – accumulated depreciation and amortization |  |  | (4,418 | ) |  |  | (3,913 | )
Net equipment, enterprise software, and leasehold improvements |  |  | 3,291 |  |  |  | 3,038 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets |  |  | 4,641 |  |  |  | 4,894 |
Non-current deposits |  |  | 491 |  |  |  | 595 |
Goodwill, net of impairment |  |  | 32,510 |  |  |  | 32,510 |
Intangible assets, net of amortization |  |  | 17,176 |  |  |  | 18,760 |
Total assets |  | $ | 119,141 |  |  | $ | 113,702 |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current portion of long-term debt |  | $ | 4,400 |  |  | $ | 4,400 |
Accounts payable |  |  | 6,724 |  |  |  | 4,954 |
Accrued payroll and related costs |  |  | 13,250 |  |  |  | 14,240 |
Current portion of operating lease liability |  |  | 1,530 |  |  |  | 1,479 |
Other accrued liabilities |  |  | 948 |  |  |  | 1,227 |
Deferred revenue |  |  | 469 |  |  |  | 544 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 27,321 |  |  |  | 26,844 |
Long-term liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Long-term debt, less current portion, net |  |  | 6,170 |  |  |  | 8,334 |
Long-term operating lease liability, less current portion |  |  | 3,179 |  |  |  | 3,706 |
Long-term accrued income taxes |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | 125 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 816 |  |  |  | 265 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 37,611 |  |  |  | 39,274 |
Commitments and contingent liabilities (Note 6) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Shareholders’ equity: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred Stock, no par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; none outstanding |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Common Stock, par value $.01; 250,000,000 shares authorized and 13,261,094 shares issued as of June 30, 2022 and 13,112,202 shares issued as of December 31, 2021 |  |  | 133 |  |  |  | 131 |
Additional paid-in-capital |  |  | 31,048 |  |  |  | 28,250 |
Retained earnings |  |  | 55,609 |  |  |  | 50,841 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | (1,073 | ) |  |  | (607 | )
Treasury stock, at cost; 1,646,420 shares as of June 30, 2022 and as of December 31, 2021 |  |  | (4,187 | ) |  |  | (4,187 | )
Total shareholders’ equity |  |  | 81,530 |  |  |  | 74,428 |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity |  | $ | 119,141 |  |  | $ | 113,702 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Amounts in thousands)
(Unaudited)

|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Retained Earnings |  |  | Treasury Stock |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  |  | Total Shareholders’ Equity |
Balances, December 31, 2021 |  | $ | 131 |  |  | $ | 28,250 |  |  | $ | 50,841 |  |  | $ | (4,187 | ) |  | $ | (607 | ) |  | $ | 74,428 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,332 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,332 |
Other comprehensive (loss), net of taxes |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (147 | ) |  |  | (147 | )
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | 526 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 526 |
Stock options exercised |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 891 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 893 |
Balances, March 31, 2022 |  | $ | 133 |  |  | $ | 29,667 |  |  | $ | 53,173 |  |  | $ | (4,187 | ) |  | $ | (754 | ) |  | $ | 78,032 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,436 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2,436 |
Employee common stock purchases |  |  | — |  |  |  | 199 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 199 |
Other comprehensive (loss), net of taxes |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (319 | ) |  |  | (319 | )
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | 752 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 752 |
Stock options exercised |  |  | — |  |  |  | 430 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 430 |
Balances, June 30, 2022 |  | $ | 133 |  |  | $ | 31,048 |  |  | $ | 55,609 |  |  | $ | (4,187 | ) |  | $ | (1,073 | ) |  | $ | 81,530 |

|  | Common Stock |  |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  |  | Accumulated Retained Earnings |  |  | Treasury Stock |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  |  | Total Shareholders’ Equity |
Balances, December 31, 2020 |  | $ | 130 |  |  | $ | 25,509 |  |  | $ | 38,620 |  |  | $ | (4,187 | ) |  | $ | (539 | ) |  | $ | 59,533 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,194 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,194 |
Other comprehensive gain, net of taxes |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 7 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | 621 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 621 |
Stock options exercised |  |  | — |  |  |  | 101 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 101 |
Balances, March 31, 2021 |  | $ | 130 |  |  | $ | 26,231 |  |  | $ | 39,814 |  |  | $ | (4,187 | ) |  | $ | (532 | ) |  | $ | 61,456 |
Net income |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,738 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3,738 |
Employee common stock purchases |  |  | — |  |  |  | 181 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 181 |
Other comprehensive (loss), net of taxes |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (95 | ) |  |  | (95 | )
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | — |  |  |  | 757 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 757 |
Stock options exercised |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4 |
Balances, June 30, 2021 |  | $ | 131 |  |  | $ | 27,172 |  |  | $ | 43,552 |  |  | $ | (4,187 | ) |  | $ | (627 | ) |  | $ | 66,041 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Amounts in thousands)
(Unaudited)

|  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 4,768 |  |  | $ | 4,932 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 2,128 |  |  |  | 1,996 |
Interest amortization of deferred financing costs |  |  | 36 |  |  |  | 41 |
Stock-based compensation expense |  |  | 1,278 |  |  |  | 1,378 |
Deferred income taxes, net |  |  | 551 |  |  |  | 333 |
Revaluation of contingent consideration liability |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1,982 | )
Operating lease assets and liabilities, net |  |  | (223 | ) |  |  | 141 |
Working capital items: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts receivable and unbilled receivables |  |  | (7,815 | ) |  |  | (6,450 | )
Prepaid and other current assets |  |  | 788 |  |  |  | (2,070 | )
Accounts payable |  |  | 1,770 |  |  |  | 2,049 |
Accrued payroll and related costs |  |  | (990 | ) |  |  | 87 |
Other accrued liabilities |  |  | (279 | ) |  |  | (236 | )
Deferred revenue |  |  | (75 | ) |  |  | (41 | )
Net cash flows provided by operating activities |  |  | 1,937 |  |  |  | 178 |
INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Recovery of (payment for) non-current deposits |  |  | 104 |  |  |  | (199 | )
Capital expenditures |  |  | (797 | ) |  |  | (326 | )
Net cash flows (used in) investing activities |  |  | (693 | ) |  |  | (525 | )
FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
(Repayments) on term loan facility |  |  | (2,200 | ) |  |  | (2,200 | )
Proceeds from the issuance of common shares |  |  | 199 |  |  |  | 181 |
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options |  |  | 1,323 |  |  |  | 105 |
Net cash flows (used in) financing activities |  |  | (678 | ) |  |  | (1,914 | )
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |  |  | (466 | ) |  |  | (114 | )
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |  |  | 100 |  |  |  | (2,375 | )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period |  |  | 6,622 |  |  |  | 7,677 |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period |  | $ | 6,722 |  |  | $ | 5,302 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
JUNE 30, 2022 AND 2021
(Unaudited)

1. | Description of Business and Basis of Presentation:

Basis of Presentation
References in this Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q
to “we”, “our”, “Mastech Digital”, “Mastech” or “the Company” refer collectively to Mastech Digital, Inc. and its wholly-owned operating subsidiaries, which are included in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (the “Financial Statements”).
Description of Business
We are a provider of Digital Transformation IT Services to mostly large and
medium-sized
organizations.
Our portfolio of offerings includes data management and analytics services; digital learning services; and IT staffing services.
In our 2017 acquisition of the services division of Canada-based InfoTrellis, Inc., we added specialized capabilities in delivering data and analytics services to our customers, which became our Data and Analytics Services segment. This segment offers project-based consulting services in the areas of data management, data engineering and data science, with such services delivered using
on-site
and offshore resources. In October 2020, we acquired AmberLeaf Partners, Inc. (“AmberLeaf”), a Chicago-based customer experience consulting firm. This acquisition expanded our Data and Analytics Services segment’s capabilities in customer experience strategy and managed services offering for a variety of Cloud-based enterprise applications across sales, marketing and customer services organizations.
Our IT Staffing Services segment combines technical expertise with business process experience to deliver a broad range of staffing services in digital and mainstream technologies. Our digital technologies include data management, analytics, cloud, mobility, social and artificial intelligence. We work with businesses and institutions with significant IT spending and recurring staffing service needs. We also support smaller organizations with their “project focused” temporary IT staffing requirements.
The
COVID-19
pandemic had a material impact on activity levels in both of our business segments in 2020. This impact was reduced in 2021 as a result of the global
roll-out
of vaccination programs and signs of improving economic conditions. We are hopeful that
COVID-19
related concerns will be less impactful on our business in 2022. The proliferation of
COVID-19
variants, however, have caused some uncertainty and may continue to disrupt global markets during 2022.
Accounting Principles
The accompanying Financial Statements have been prepared by management in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and disclosures required by U.S. GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting principally of normal recurring adjustments, considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the Financial Statements and the accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates. These Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2021, included in our Annual Report on Form
10-K
filed with the SEC on March 14, 2022. Additionally, our operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results that can be expected for the year ending December 31, 2022 or for any other period.
Principles of Consolidation
The Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
Critical Accounting Policies
Please refer to Note 1 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations–Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2021 for a more detailed discussion of our significant accounting policies and critical accounting estimates. There were no material changes to these critical accounting policies during the six months ended June 30, 2022.
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Segment Reporting
The Company has two reportable segments, in accordance with Accounting Standards Committee (“ASC”) Topic 280 “Disclosures About Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information”: Data and Analytics Services and IT Staffing Services.

2. | Revenue from Contracts with Customers

The Company recognizes revenue on
time-and-material
contracts over time as services are performed and expenses are incurred.
Time-and-material
contracts typically bill at an agreed-upon hourly rate, plus
out-of-pocket
expense reimbursement.
Out-of-pocket
expense reimbursement amounts vary by assignment, but on average represent less than 2% of the total contract revenues. Revenue is earned on a per transaction or labor hour basis, as that amount directly corresponds to the value of the Company’s performance. Revenue recognition is negatively impacted by holidays and consultant vacation and sick days.
The Company recognizes revenue on fixed price contracts over time as services are rendered and uses a cost-based input method to measure progress. Determining a measure of progress requires management to make judgments that affect the timing of revenue recognized. Under the cost-based input method, the extent of progress towards completion is measured based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to the total estimated costs at completion of the performance obligation. Revenues, including estimated fees or profits, are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred. The Company has determined that the cost-based input method provides a faithful depiction of the transfer of goods or services to the customer. Estimated losses are recognized immediately in the period in which current estimates indicate a loss. We record deferred revenues when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance, including amounts which may be refundable.
The Company’s
time-and-material
and fixed price revenue streams are recognized over time as the customer receives and consumes the benefits of the Company’s performance as the work is performed.
In certain situations related to client direct hire assignments, where the Company’s fee is contingent upon the hired resources continued employment with the client, revenue is not fully recognized until such employment conditions are satisfied.
We do not sell, lease or otherwise market computer software or hardware, and essentially 100% of our revenue is derived from the sale of data and analytics, IT staffing and digital transformation services. We expense sales commissions in the same period in which revenues are realized. These costs are recorded within sales and marketing expenses.
Each contract the Company enters into is assessed to determine the promised services to be performed and includes identification of the performance obligations required by the contract. In substantially all of our contracts, we have identified a single performance obligation for each contract either because the promised services are distinct or the promised services are highly interrelated and interdependent and therefore represent a combined single performance obligation.
Our Data and Analytics Services segment provides specialized capabilities in delivering data management and analytics services to its customers. This business offers project-based consulting services in the areas of Master Data Management, Enterprise Data Integration, Data Engineering and Analytics, which can be delivered using onsite and offshore resources.
Our IT Staffing Services segment combines technical expertise with business process experience to deliver a broad range of services in digital and mainstream technologies. Our digital technology stack includes data management and analytics, cloud, mobility, social and automation. Our mainstream technologies include business intelligence / data warehousing; web services; enterprise resource planning & customer resource management; and
e-Business
solutions. We work with businesses and institutions with significant IT spend and recurring staffing needs. We also support smaller organizations with their “project focused” temporary IT staffing requirements.
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The following table depicts the disaggregation of our revenues by contract type and operating segment:

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
|  | (Amounts in thousands) |  |  | (Amounts in thousands) |
Data and Analytics Services Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Time-and-material Contracts |  | $ | 6,863 |  |  | $ | 5,917 |  |  | $ | 13,044 |  |  | $ | 11,771 |
Fixed-price Contracts |  |  | 4,387 |  |  |  | 3,033 |  |  |  | 8,358 |  |  |  | 5,973 |
Subtotal Data and Analytics Services |  | $ | 11,250 |  |  | $ | 8,950 |  |  | $ | 21,402 |  |  | $ | 17,744 |
IT Staffing Services Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Time-and-material Contracts |  | $ | 50,867 |  |  | $ | 44,708 |  |  | $ | 100,470 |  |  | $ | 85,689 |
Fixed-price Contracts |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Subtotal IT Staffing Services |  | $ | 50,867 |  |  | $ | 44,708 |  |  | $ | 100,470 |  |  | $ | 85,689 |
Total Revenues |  | $ | 62,117 |  |  | $ | 53,658 |  |  | $ | 121,872 |  |  | $ | 103,433 |

For the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company had one client that exceeded 10% of total revenue (CGI = 22.3%). For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company had one client that exceeded 10% of total revenue (CGI = 20.1%). For the three months ended June 30, 2021, the Company had one client that exceeded 10% of total revenue (CGI = 14.8%). For the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company had one client that exceeded 10% of total revenue (CGI = 14.9%).
The Company’s top ten clients represented approximately 52% and 48% of total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company’s top ten clients represented approximately 52% and 48% of total revenues, respectively.
The following table presents our revenue from external customers disaggregated by geography, based on the work location of our customers:

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
|  | (Amounts in thousands) |  |  | (Amounts in thousands) |
United States |  | $ | 60,468 |  |  | $ | 51,532 |  |  | $ | 118,815 |  |  | $ | 99,474 |
Canada |  |  | 1,130 |  |  |  | 1,018 |  |  |  | 2,149 |  |  |  | 2,282 |
India and Other |  |  | 519 |  |  |  | 1,108 |  |  |  | 908 |  |  |  | 1,677 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 62,117 |  |  | $ | 53,658 |  |  | $ | 121,872 |  |  | $ | 103,433 |

3. | Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net

Goodwill related to our June 15, 2015, acquisition of Hudson Global Resources Management’s U.S. IT staffing business (“Hudson IT”) totaled $8.4 million. Goodwill related to our July 13, 2017, acquisition of the services division of InfoTrellis totaled $27.4 million. During 2018, the Company recorded a goodwill impairment related to the InfoTrellis acquisition of $9.7 million. Goodwill related to our October 1, 2020, acquisition of AmberLeaf totaled $6.4 million.
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The Company is amortizing the identifiable intangible assets on a straight-line basis over estimated average lives ranging from 3 to 12 years. Identifiable intangible assets were comprised of the following as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

|  | As of June 30, 2022 |
(Amounts in thousands) |  | Amortization Period (In Years) |  |  | Gross Carrying Value |  |  | Accumulative Amortization |  |  | Net Carrying Value |
IT Staffing Services: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Client relationships |  |  | 12 |  |  | $ | 7,999 |  |  | $ | 4,694 |  |  | $ | 3,305 |
Covenant-not-to-compete |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 319 |  |  |  | 319 |  |  |  | — |
Trade name |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 249 |  |  |  | 249 |  |  |  | — |
Data and Analytics Services: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Client relationships |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 19,641 |  |  |  | 7,322 |  |  |  | 12,319 |
Covenant-not-to-compete |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 1,201 |  |  |  | 908 |  |  |  | 293 |
Trade name |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 1,711 |  |  |  | 1,382 |  |  |  | 329 |
Technology |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 1,979 |  |  |  | 1,049 |  |  |  | 930 |
Total Intangible Assets |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 33,099 |  |  | $ | 15,923 |  |  | $ | 17,176 |

|  | As of December 31, 2021 |
(Amounts in thousands) |  | Amortization Period (In Years) |  |  | Gross Carrying Value |  |  | Accumulative Amortization |  |  | Net Carrying Value |
IT Staffing Services: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Client relationships |  |  | 12 |  |  | $ | 7,999 |  |  | $ | 4,361 |  |  | $ | 3,638 |
Covenant-not-to-compete |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 319 |  |  |  | 319 |  |  |  | — |
Trade name |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 249 |  |  |  | 249 |  |  |  | — |
Data and Analytics Services: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Client relationships |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 19,641 |  |  |  | 6,503 |  |  |  | 13,138 |
Covenant-not-to-compete |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 1,201 |  |  |  | 788 |  |  |  | 413 |
Trade name |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 1,711 |  |  |  | 1,211 |  |  |  | 500 |
Technology |  |  | 7 |  |  |  | 1,979 |  |  |  | 908 |  |  |  | 1,071 |
Total Intangible Assets |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 33,099 |  |  | $ | 14,339 |  |  | $ | 18,760 |

Amortization expense for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2022 totaled $792,000 and $1.6 million, respectively and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. For the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2021, amortization expense was $793,000 and $1.6 million, respectively.
The estimated aggregate amortization expense for intangible assets for the years ending December 31, 2022 through 2026 is as follows:

|  | Years Ended December 31, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2024 |  |  | 2025 |  |  | 2026 |
|  | (Amounts in thousands) |
Amortization expense |  | $ | 2,987 |  |  | $ | 2,772 |  |  | $ | 2,693 |  |  | $ | 2,553 |  |  | $ | 2,413 |

4. | Leases

The Company rents certain office facilities and equipment under noncancelable operating leases. As of June 30, 2022, approximately 97,000 square feet of office space is utilized for our sales and recruiting offices, delivery centers, and corporate headquarters. All of our leases are classified as operating leases. The average initial lease term is five years. Several leases have an option to renew, at our sole discretion, for an additional term. Our present lease terms range from less than one year to 4.8 years with a weighted average of 3.7 years. Leases with an initial term of twelve months or less are not recorded on the balance sheet.
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The following table summarizes the balance sheet classification of the lease assets and related lease liabilities as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021:

|  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
|  | (in thousands) |
Assets: |
Long-term operating lease right-of-use assets |  | $ | 4,641 |  |  | $ | 4,894 |
Liabilities: |
Short-term operating lease liability |  | $ | 1,530 |  |  | $ | 1,479 |
Long-term operating lease liability |  |  | 3,179 |  |  |  | 3,706 |
Total liabilities |  | $ | 4,709 |  |  | $ | 5,185 |

Future minimum rental payments for office facilities and equipment under the Company’s noncancelable operating leases are as follows:

|  | Amount as of June 30, 2022 |
|  | (in thousands) |
2022 (For remainder of year) |  | $ | 831 |
2023 |  |  | 1,678 |
2024 |  |  | 975 |
2025 |  |  | 707 |
2026 |  |  | 691 |
Thereafter |  |  | 164 |
Total |  |  | 5,046 |
Less: Imputed interest |  |  | (337 | )
Present value of operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 4,709 |

The weighted average discount rate used to calculate the present value of future lease payments was 4.0%.
We recognize rent expense for these leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Rental expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $0.5 million and $0.9 million, respectively. Rental expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 totaled $0.5 million and $0.9 million, respectively.
Total cash paid for lease liabilities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $0.5 million and $0.9 million, respectively. Total cash paid for lease liabilities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 totaled $0.3 million and $0.7 million, respectively.
New leases entered into during the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $0 million and $0.5 million, respectively. New leases entered into during the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 totaled $2.8 million and $3.1 million, respectively. New leases are considered non cash transactions.

5. | Payroll Tax Liability

As allowed under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security (CARES) Act, the Company elected to defer payment of the employer’s share of social security tax. As of June 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021, the balance of this liability is $2.3 million and $2.3 million, respectively. The Company is required to repay the $2.3 million by December 31, 2022, which is reflected as part of current liabilities under the caption accrued payroll and related costs.

6. | Commitments and Contingencies

In the ordinary course of our business, the Company is involved in a number of lawsuits and administrative proceedings. While uncertainties are inherent in the final outcome of these matters, the Company’s management believes, after consultation with legal counsel, that the disposition of these proceedings should not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
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7. | Employee Benefit Plan

The Company provides an Employee Retirement Savings Plan (the “Retirement Plan”) under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), that covers substantially all U.S. based salaried and
W-2
hourly employees. Employees may contribute a percentage of eligible compensation to the Retirement Plan, subject to certain limits under the Code. The Company did not provide for any matching contributions for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

8. | Stock-Based Compensation

In 2008, the Company adopted a Stock Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) which, as amended, provides that up to 4,900,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock shall be allocated for issuance to directors, officers and key personnel. Grants under the Plan can be made in the form of stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance shares or stock awards. During the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company granted 2,675 restricted share units and no stock options under the Plan. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, the Company granted no shares under the Plan.
During the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company granted restricted share units of 13,979 and 400,000 stock options at an average strike price of $18.41. During the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company granted restricted share units of 11,955 and 270,000 stock option grants at an average strike price of $17.65. As of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, there were 344,075 shares and 538,000 shares, respectively, available for grants under the Plan.
Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $752,000 and $757,000, respectively, and for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 was $1.3 million and $1.4 million. Stock-based compensation expense is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
During the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company issued 46,765 and 158,932 shares, respectively, related to the grant of restricted share units and the exercise of stock options. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company issued 30,239 shares, respectively, related to the vesting of restricted shares and the exercising of stock options.
In October 2018, the Board of Directors of the Company approved the Mastech Digital, Inc. 2019 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Employee Stock Purchase Plan”). The Employee Stock Purchase Plan is intended to meet the requirements of Section 423 of the Code and was approved by the Company’s shareholders to be qualified. On May 15, 2019, the Company’s shareholders approved the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. Under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, 600,000 shares of Common Stock (subject to adjustment upon certain changes in the Company’s capitalization) are available for purchase by eligible employees who become participants in the Employee Stock Purchase Plan. The purchase price per share is 85% of the lesser of (i) the fair market value per share of Common Stock on the first day of the offering period, or (ii) the fair market value per share of Common Stock on the last day of the offering period.
The Company’s eligible full-time employees are able to contribute up to 15% of their base compensation into the Employee Stock Purchase Plan, subject to an annual limit of $25,000 per person. Employees are able to purchase Company Common Stock at a 15% discount to the lower of the fair market value of the Company’s Common Stock on the initial or final trading dates of each
six-month
offering period. Offering periods begin on January 1 and July 1 of each year. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of Employee Stock Purchase Plan share-based payments. The fair value of the
six-month
“look-back” option in the Company’s Employee Stock Purchase Plan is estimated by adding the fair value of 15% of one share of stock to 85% of the fair value of an option on one share of stock. The Company utilized U.S. Treasury yields as of the grant date for its risk-free interest rate assumption, matching the Treasury yield terms to the
six-month
offering period. The Company utilized historical company data to develop its dividend yield and expected volatility assumptions.
During the three months and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, there were 15,765 shares and 14,301 shares issued under the Stock Purchase Plan at a share price of $12.63 and $12.71, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense related to the Stock Purchase Plan for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 totaled $30,000 and $81,000, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense related to the Stock Purchase Plan for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 totaled $70,000 and $81,000, respectively, and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021. At June 30, 2022, there were 500,589 shares available for purchases under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
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9. | Credit Facility

On July 13, 2017, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with PNC Bank, as administrative agent, swing loan lender and issuing lender, PNC Capital Markets LLC, as sole lead arranger and sole book-runner, and certain financial institution parties thereto as lenders (the “Lenders”). The Credit Agreement, as amended, provides for a total aggregate commitment of $53.1 million, consisting of (i) a revolving credit facility (the “Revolver”) in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $40 million and; (ii) a $13.1 million term loan facility (the “Term Loan), as more fully described in Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form
8-Ks
filed with the SEC on July 19, 2017, April 25, 2018 and October 7, 2020, and Exhibit 10.2 to the Form
8-K/A
filed with the SEC on January 4, 2022. Additionally, the facility includes an accordion feature for additional borrowing of up to $20 million upon satisfaction of certain conditions.
The Revolver expires in December 2026 and includes swing loan and letter of credit
sub-limits
in the aggregate amount not to exceed $6.0 million for swing loans and $5.0 million for letters of credit. Borrowings under the Revolver may be denominated in U.S. dollars or Canadian dollars. The maximum borrowings in U.S. dollars may not exceed the sum of 85% of eligible U.S. accounts receivable and 60% of eligible U.S. unbilled receivables, less a reserve amount established by the administrative agent. The maximum borrowings in Canadian dollars may not exceed the lesser of (i) $10.0 million; and (ii) the sum of 85% of eligible Canadian receivables, plus 60% of eligible Canadian unbilled receivables, less a reserve amount established by the administrative agent.
Amounts borrowed under the Term Loan are required to be repaid in consecutive quarterly installments through and including the maturity date of October 1, 2024. The principal amount of each quarterly installment payable on the Term Loan equals $1.1 million through and including the maturity date, with the maturity date payment equal to the outstanding amount of the loan on that date.
Borrowings under the revolver and the term loan, at the Company’s election, bear interest at either (a) the higher of PNC’s prime rate or the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, plus an applicable margin determined based upon the Company’s senior leverage ratio or (b) the Bloomberg Short-Term Bank Yield Index (“BSBY”), plus an applicable margin determined based upon the Company’s senior leverage ratio. The applicable margin on the base rate is between 0.50% and 1.25% on revolver borrowings and between 1.75% and 2.50% on term loans. The applicable margin on the BSBY is between 1.50% and 2.25% on revolver borrowings and between 2.75% and 3.50% on term loans. A 20 to
30-basis
point per annum commitment fee on the unused portion of the revolver facility is charged and due monthly in arrears. The applicable commitment fee is determined based upon the Company’s senior leverage ratio.
The Company pledged substantially all of its assets in support of the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement contains standard financial covenants, including, but not limited to, covenants related to the Company’s senior leverage ratio and fixed charge ratio (as defined under the Credit Agreement) and limitations on liens, indebtedness, guarantees, contingent liabilities, loans and investments, distributions, leases, asset sales, stock repurchases and mergers and acquisitions. As of June 30, 2022, the Company was in compliance with all provisions under the facility.
In connection with securing the commitments under the Credit Agreement and the April 20, 2018, October 1, 2020, and December 29, 2021 amendments to the Credit Agreement, the Company paid a commitment fee and incurred deferred financing costs totaling $975,000, which were capitalized and are being amortized as interest expense over the life of the facility. Deferred financing costs of $330,000 and $366,000 (net of amortization) as of June 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively, are presented as reductions in long-term debt in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The Company had no outstanding borrowings under the Revolver at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021; and unused borrowing capacity available was approximately $36.8 million and $32.4 million, respectively. The Company’s outstanding borrowings under the term loan were $10.9 million and $13.1 million as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Additionally, under the Term Loan agreement there is a mandatory repayment requirement related to excess cash flows (as defined in the Credit Agreement) generated in a given fiscal year. This provision takes effect in first quarter of 2023 should the Company senior leverage ratio exceeds 1.50x. The Company is considering early paying portions of the outstanding term loan with excess cash balances over the remainder of 2022.
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10. | Income Taxes

The components of income before income taxes, as shown in the accompanying Financial Statements, consisted of the following for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
|  | (Amounts in thousands) |  |  | (Amounts in thousands) |
Income before income taxes: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Domestic |  | $ | 3,858 |  |  | $ | 5,566 |  |  | $ | 7,173 |  |  | $ | 7,447 |
Foreign |  |  | (242 | ) |  |  | (399 | ) |  |  | (310 | ) |  |  | (643 | )
Income before income taxes |  | $ | 3,616 |  |  | $ | 5,167 |  |  | $ | 6,863 |  |  | $ | 6,804 |

The Company has subsidiaries organized in jurisdictions outside the United States, which generate revenues from
non-U.S.-based
clients. Additionally, these subsidiaries provide services to the Company’s U.S. parents. Accordingly, the Company allocates a portion of its income to these subsidiaries based on a “transfer pricing” model and reports such income as foreign in the above table.
The provision for income taxes, as shown in the accompanying Financial Statements, consisted of the following for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021:

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
|  | (Amounts in thousands) |  |  | (Amounts in thousands) |
Current provision (benefit): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  | $ | 932 |  |  | $ | 901 |  |  | $ | 1,030 |  |  | $ | 1,259 |
State |  |  | 234 |  |  |  | 211 |  |  |  | 259 |  |  |  | 304 |
Foreign |  |  | (35 | ) |  |  | (26 | ) |  |  | 51 |  |  |  | (16 | )
Total current provision (benefit) |  |  | 1,131 |  |  |  | 1,086 |  |  |  | 1,340 |  |  |  | 1,547 |
Deferred provision (benefit): |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Federal |  |  | (58 | ) |  |  | 293 |  |  |  | 484 |  |  |  | 287 |
State |  |  | (12 | ) |  |  | 70 |  |  |  | 125 |  |  |  | 68 |
Foreign |  |  | (2 | ) |  |  | (57 | ) |  |  | (58 | ) |  |  | (99 | )
Total deferred provision (benefit) |  |  | (72 | ) |  |  | 306 |  |  |  | 551 |  |  |  | 256 |
Change in valuation allowance |  |  | 121 |  |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | 204 |  |  |  | 69 |
Total provision for income taxes |  | $ | 1,180 |  |  | $ | 1,429 |  |  | $ | 2,095 |  |  | $ | 1,872 |

The reconciliation of income taxes computed using the statutory U.S. income tax rate and the provision for income taxes for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 were as follows (amounts in thousands):

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 |  |  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
Income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate |  | $ | 759 |  |  |  | 21.0 | % |  | $ | 1,085 |  |  |  | 21.0 | %
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit |  |  | 210 |  |  |  | 5.8 |  |  |  | 277 |  |  |  | 5.4 |
Excess tax benefit from stock options/restricted shares |  |  | 68 |  |  |  | 1.9 |  |  |  | 19 |  |  |  | 0.4 |
Difference in income tax rate on foreign earnings/other |  |  | 22 |  |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | 0.2 |
Change in valuation allowance |  |  | 121 |  |  |  | 3.3 |  |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | 0.7 |
|  | $ | 1,180 |  |  |  | 32.6 | % |  | $ | 1,429 |  |  |  | 27.7 | %

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|  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
Income taxes computed at the federal statutory rate |  | $ | 1,441 |  |  |  | 21.0 | % |  | $ | 1,429 |  |  |  | 21.0 | %
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit |  |  | 386 |  |  |  | 5.6 |  |  |  | 381 |  |  |  | 5.6 |
Excess tax benefit from stock options/restricted shares |  |  | (9 | ) |  |  | (0.1 | ) |  |  | (48 | ) |  |  | (0.7 | )
Difference in income tax rate on foreign earnings/other |  |  | 73 |  |  |  | 1.0 |  |  |  | 41 |  |  |  | 0.6 |
Change in valuation allowance |  |  | 204 |  |  |  | 3.0 |  |  |  | 69 |  |  |  | 1.0 |
|  | $ | 2,095 |  |  |  | 30.5 | % |  | $ | 1,872 |  |  |  | 27.5 | %

We evaluate deferred income taxes quarterly to determine if valuation allowances are required or should be adjusted. GAAP accounting guidance requires us to assess whether valuation allowances should be established against deferred tax assets based on all available evidence, both positive and negative using a “more likely than not” standard. Our assessment considers, among other things, the nature of cumulative losses; forecast of future profitability; the duration of statutory carry-forward periods and tax planning alternatives. At June 30, 2022, our valuation allowance was comprised of balances within locations of Singapore, the United Kingdom and Ireland. The valuation allowance balances at these locations totaled $515,000 and $311,000 as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and reflect net operating losses which may not be realizable in the future.
The Company’s Canadian subsidiary is currently under audit by Revenue Canada for the years 2018 and 2019.

11. | Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

Interest Rate Risk Management
Concurrent with the Company’s July 13, 2017 borrowings under its credit facility, the Company entered into a 44–month interest-rate swap to convert the debt’s variable interest rate to a fixed rate of interest. The swap contracts, which matured on April 1, 2021, were designated as cash flow hedging instruments and qualified as effective hedges at inception under ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging”. These contracts were recognized on the balance sheet at fair value. The effective portion of the changes in fair value on these instruments was recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) and was reclassified into the Consolidated Statements of Operations as interest expense in the same period in which the underlying hedge transaction affected earnings. Because the interest-rate swap contracts matured, they had no value as of June 30, 2022, and December 31, 2021, therefore there is no balance reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for these periods.
There was no impact on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (“OCI”) for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022. The effect of derivative instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations and OCI for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 are as follows (in thousands):

Derivatives in ASC Topic 815 Cash Flow Hedging Relationships |  | Amount of Gain recognized in OCI on Derivatives |  | Location of Gain reclassified from Accumulated OCI to Income |  | Amount of Gain reclassified from Accumulated OCI to Income |  | Location of Gain reclassified in Income on Derivatives |  | Amount of Gain recognized in Income on Derivatives
|  | (Effective Portion) |  | (Effective Portion) |  | (Effective Portion) |  | (Ineffective Portion/Amounts excluded from effectiveness testing)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-Rate Swap Contract |  | $— |  | Interest Expense |  | $— |  | Interest Expense |  | $—
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-Rate Swap Contract |  | $35 |  | Interest Expense |  | $34 |  | Interest Expense |  | $—

12. | Fair Value Measurements

The Company has adopted the provisions of ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures” (“ASC 820”), related to certain financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities. ASC 820 establishes the authoritative definition of fair value; sets out a framework for measuring fair value; and expands the required disclosures about fair value measurements. The valuation techniques required by ASC 820 are based on observable and unobservable inputs using the following three-tier hierarchy:

| • |  | Level 1—Inputs are observable quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.

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| • |  | Level 2—Inputs are observable, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.

| • |  | Level 3—Inputs are unobservable that are supported by little or no market activity.

In prior periods, the company carried interest-rate swap contracts and contingent consideration liabilities at fair value measured on a recurring basis. At June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company did not have any balances in the financial statements related to these items as the swap matured on April 1, 2021 and the contingent consideration was revalued to zero as of December 31, 2021.

13. | Shareholders’ Equity

The Company purchases shares to satisfy employee tax obligations related to its Stock Incentive Plan. The Company did not purchase any shares during the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021.

14. | Earnings Per Share

The computation of basic earnings per share is based on the Company’s net income divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if outstanding stock options were exercised. The dilutive effect of stock options was calculated using the treasury stock method.
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, there were 403,000 and 211,000 anti-dilutive stock options excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2021, there were 270,000 anti-dilutive stock options excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share.

15. | Business Segments and Geographic Information

Our reporting segments are: 1) Data and Analytics Services; and 2) IT Staffing Services.
The Data and Analytics Services segment was acquired through the July 13, 2017 acquisition of the services division of Canada-based InfoTrellis, Inc. This segment is a project-based consulting services business with specialized capabilities in data management and analytics. The business is marketed as Mastech InfoTrellis and utilizes a dedicated sales team with deep subject matter expertise. Mastech InfoTrellis has offices in Atlanta, Toronto, London, Dublin and Singapore, and a global delivery center in Chennai, India. Project-based delivery reflects a combination of
on-site
resources and offshore resources. Assignments are secured on both a time and material and fixed price basis. In October 2020, we acquired AmberLeaf, a Chicago-based customer experience consulting firm. This acquisition expanded our capabilities in customer experience strategy and managed services offering for a variety of Cloud-based enterprise application across sales, marketing and customer service organizations.
The IT Staffing Services segment offers staffing services in digital and mainstream technologies and uses digital methods to enhance organizational learning. These services are marketed using a common sales force and delivered via our domestic and global recruitment centers. While the vast majority of our assignments are based on time and materials, we do have the capabilities to deliver our digital transformation services on a fixed price basis.

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
|  | (Amounts in thousands) |  |  | (Amounts in thousands) |
Revenues: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Data and Analytics Services |  | $ | 11,250 |  |  | $ | 8,950 |  |  | $ | 21,402 |  |  | $ | 17,744 |
IT Staffing Services |  |  | 50,867 |  |  |  | 44,708 |  |  |  | 100,470 |  |  |  | 85,689 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 62,117 |  |  | $ | 53,658 |  |  | $ | 121,872 |  |  | $ | 103,433 |
Gross Margin %: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Data and Analytics Services |  |  | 43.6 | % |  |  | 46.7 | % |  |  | 44.3 | % |  |  | 46.2 | %
IT Staffing Services |  |  | 23.3 | % |  |  | 22.7 | % |  |  | 23.1 | % |  |  | 22.1 | %
Total gross margin % |  |  | 27.0 | % |  |  | 26.7 | % |  |  | 26.8 | % |  |  | 26.2 | %
Segment operating income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Data and Analytics Services |  | $ | 817 |  |  | $ | 769 |  |  | $ | 1,789 |  |  | $ | 1,163 |
IT Staffing Services |  |  | 3,523 |  |  |  | 3,353 |  |  |  | 6,650 |  |  |  | 5,621 |
Subtotal |  |  | 4,340 |  |  |  | 4,122 |  |  |  | 8,439 |  |  |  | 6,784 |
Amortization of acquired intangible assets |  |  | (792 | ) |  |  | (793 | ) |  |  | (1,584 | ) |  |  | (1,586 | )
Revaluation of contingent consideration liability |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,982 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1,982 |
Interest expenses and other, net |  |  | 68 |  |  |  | (144 | ) |  |  | 8 |  |  |  | (376 | )
Income before income taxes |  | $ | 3,616 |  |  | $ | 5,167 |  |  | $ | 6,863 |  |  | $ | 6,804 |

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Below is a reconciliation of segment total assets to consolidated total assets:

|  | June 30, 2022 |  |  | December 31, 2021 |
|  | (Amounts in thousands) |
Total assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Data and Analytics Services |  | $ | 58,680 |  |  | $ | 56,634 |
IT Staffing Services |  |  | 60,461 |  |  |  | 57,068 |
Total assets |  | $ | 119,141 |  |  | $ | 113,702 |

Below is geographic information related to our revenues from external customers:

|  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, |
|  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | 2021 |
|  | (Amounts in thousands) |  |  | (Amounts in thousands) |
United States |  | $ | 60,468 |  |  | $ | 51,532 |  |  | $ | 118,815 |  |  | $ | 99,474 |
Canada |  |  | 1,130 |  |  |  | 1,018 |  |  |  | 2,149 |  |  |  | 2,282 |
India and Other |  |  | 519 |  |  |  | 1,108 |  |  |  | 908 |  |  |  | 1,677 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 62,117 |  |  | $ | 53,658 |  |  | $ | 121,872 |  |  | $ | 103,433 |

16. | Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In November 2021, the FASB issued ASU
2021-10,
“Government Assistance (Topic 832): Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance”. The amendments in this ASU require annual disclosures to increase the transparency of government assistance received by a business entity including information about the nature of the government transactions, related accounting policy, the line items on the balance sheet and income statement that are affected, amounts applicable to each financial statement line item, and significant terms and conditions of the transactions, including commitments and contingencies. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021. We adopted this ASU on January 1, 2022, with no material impact on our financial statements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements not yet adopted
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU
2021-08,
“Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers”. The amendments in this ASU require that an entity (acquirer) recognize, and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination, including contract assets and contract liabilities arising from revenue contracts with customers, as if it had originated the contracts as of the acquisition date. The amendments in this ASU are effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2022. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact on its financial statements.
A variety of proposed or otherwise potential accounting standards are currently under consideration by standard-setting organizations and certain regulatory agencies. Because of the tentative and preliminary nature of such proposed standards, management has not yet determined the effect, if any that the implementation of such proposed standards would have on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
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ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2021, included in our Annual Report on Form
10-K,
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 14, 2022.
This quarterly report on Form
10-Q
contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements about future events, future performance, plans, strategies, expectations, prospects, competitive environment and regulations. Forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as the words, “may”, “will”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate”, “plan”, “intend” or the negative of these terms or similar expressions in this quarterly report on Form
10-Q.
We have based these forward-looking statements on our current views with respect to future events and financial performance. Our actual financial performance could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements due to the inherent uncertainty of estimates, forecasts and projections and our financial performance may be better or worse than anticipated. Given these uncertainties, you should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. All of the forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by reference to the factors discussed under “Risk Factors”, “Forward-Looking Statements” and elsewhere in our Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2021. Forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date that they were made. We do not undertake any duty to update forward-looking statements and the estimates and assumptions associated with them, after the date of this quarterly report on Form
10-Q,
except to the extent required by applicable securities laws.
Website Access to SEC Reports:
The Company’s website is
www.mastechdigital.com
. The Company’s Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2021, current reports on Form
8-K
and all other reports filed with the SEC, are available free of charge on the Investors page. The website is updated as soon as reasonably practical after such reports are filed electronically with the SEC.
Critical Accounting Policies
Please refer to Note 1 “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations–Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates” in our Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2021 for a more detailed discussion of our significant accounting policies and critical accounting estimates. There were no material changes to these critical accounting policies during the six months ended June 30, 2022.
Overview:
We are a provider of Digital Transformation IT Services to mostly large and
medium-sized
organizations.
Our portfolio of offerings includes data management and analytics services; other digital transformation services such as digital learning services; and IT staffing services.
We operate in two reporting segments – Data and Analytics Services and IT Staffing Services. Our data and analytics services are marketed under the brand Mastech InfoTrellis and are delivered largely on a project basis with
on-site
and
off-shore
resources. These data and analytics capabilities and expertise were acquired through our acquisition of InfoTrellis and enhanced and expanded subsequent to the acquisition. In October 2020, we acquired AmberLeaf Partners, Inc. (“AmberLeaf”), a Chicago-based customer experience consulting firm. This acquisition enhanced our capabilities in customer experience strategy and managed services offerings for a variety of Cloud-based enterprise applications across sales, marketing and customer services organizations. Our IT staffing business combines technical expertise with business process experience to deliver a broad range of staffing services in digital and mainstream technologies, as well as our other digital transformation services.
Both business segments provide their services across various industry verticals, including: financial services; government; healthcare; manufacturing; retail; technology; telecommunications; and transportation. In our Data and Analytics Services segment, we evaluate our revenues and gross profits largely by service line. In our IT Staffing Services segment, we evaluate our revenues and gross profits largely by sales channel responsibility. This analysis within both our reporting segments is multi-purposed and includes technologies employed, client relationships, and geographic locations.
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Data and Analytics:
We provide information regarding our new bookings in our Data and Analytics Services segment, which represents the estimated value of client engagements, including those acquired through acquisitions, as well as renewals, extensions and changes to existing contracts, because we believe doing so provides useful trend information regarding changes in the volume of our new business over time. New bookings can vary significantly quarter to quarter depending in part on the timing of the signing of a small number of large engagements. Among other factors, the types of services and solutions to be delivered, the duration of the engagement and the pace and level of client spending impact the timing of the conversion of new bookings to revenues. In addition, substantially all of our contracts are terminable by the client on short notice with little or no termination penalties. Information regarding our new bookings is not comparable to, nor should it be substituted for, an analysis of our revenues over time. New bookings involve estimates and judgments. There are no third-party standards or requirements governing the calculation of bookings. We do not update our new bookings for material subsequent terminations or reductions related to bookings originally provided in prior periods.
Economic Trends and Outlook:
Generally, our business outlook is highly correlated to general North American economic conditions. During periods of increasing employment and economic expansion, demand for our services tends to increase. Conversely, during periods of contracting employment and / or a slowing global economy, demand for our services tends to decline. As the economy slowed in 2007 and recessionary conditions emerged in 2008 and 2009, we experienced less demand for our IT staffing services. With economic expansion in 2010 through 2019, activity levels improved. However, as the recovery strengthened, we experience increased tightness in the supply-side (skilled IT professionals) of our businesses. These supply-side challenges pressured resource costs and to some extent gross margins. As we entered 2020, we were encouraged by continued growth in the domestic job markets and expanding U.S. and global economies. However, with the
COVID-19
pandemic surfacing in the first quarter of 2020, we realized the economic growth would quickly turn into recessionary conditions, which had a material impact on activity levels in both of our business segments. This impact was reduced in 2021 as a result of the global
roll-out
of vaccination programs and signs of improving economic conditions. We are hopeful that
COVID-19
related concerns will be less impactful on our business in 2022. The proliferation of
COVID-19
variants, however, has caused some uncertainty and may continue to disrupt global markets during 2022. In addition, we are mindful of inflationary pressures and overall economic concerns regarding the potential for recessionary conditions in 2022 and beyond.
In addition to tracking general economic conditions in the markets that we service, a large portion of our revenues is generated from a limited number of clients (see Item 1A, the Risk Factor entitled “Our revenues are highly concentrated, and the loss of a significant client would adversely affect our business and revenues” in our Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2021). Accordingly, our trends and outlook are additionally impacted by the prospects and well-being of these specific clients. This “account concentration” factor may result in our results of operations deviating from the prevailing economic trends from time to time.
Within our IT Staffing Services segment, a larger portion of our revenues has come from strategic relationships with systems integrators and other staffing organizations. Additionally, many large end users of IT staffing services are employing managed service providers to manage their contractor spending. Both of these dynamics may pressure our IT staffing gross margins in the future.
Recent growth in advanced technologies (social, cloud, analytics, mobility, automation) is providing opportunities within our IT Staffing Services segment. However, supply side challenges have proven to be acute with respect to many of these technologies. We believe these challenges will remain during 2022.
Within our Data and Analytics Services segment many customers are satisfying their D&A needs using a holistic approach. This often results in the customer using one vendor partner rather than with multiple vendors. We have responded to this trend by establishing a service offering called “Center of Excellence” which bundles a customer’s total requirements under a multi-year contract. This concept allows us to better understand the customer’s longer-term strategy with respect to D&A and effectively address such needs.
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Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 as Compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021:
Revenues:
Revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $62.1 million compared to $53.7 million for the corresponding three month period in 2021. This 16% year-over-year revenue increase reflected a 26% organic increase in our Data and Analytics Services segment and a 14% organic increase in our IT Staffing Services segment. For the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company had one client that had revenues in excess of 10% of total revenues (CGI = 22.3%). For the three months ended June 30, 2021, the Company had the same one client with revenues in excess of 10% of total revenues (CGI = 14.8%). The Company’s top ten clients represented approximately 52% and 48% of total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Below is a tabular presentation of revenues by reportable segment for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

Revenues (Amounts in millions) |  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 |  |  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
Data and Analytics Services |  | $ | 11.2 |  |  | $ | 9.0 |
IT Staffing Services |  |  | 50.9 |  |  |  | 44.7 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 62.1 |  |  | $ | 53.7 |

Revenues from our Data and Analytics Services segment totaled $11.2 million in the second quarter ended June 30, 2022, compared to $9.0 million in the corresponding period last year. The year-over-year improvement of 26% reflected an increase in backlog in the 2022 period compared to 2021. New bookings in the second quarter of 2022 totaled approximately $10 million compared to $15 million in the 2021 quarter.
Revenues from our IT Staffing Services segment totaled $50.9 million in the three months ended June 30, 2022 compared to $44.7 million during the corresponding 2021 period. This 14% increase reflected higher demand and resulted in a higher level of billable consultants in the 2022 quarter compared to 2021. Billable consultants at June 30, 2022 totaled
1,344-consultants
compared to totaled
1,251-consultants
one-year
earlier. Our average bill rate during the second quarter of 2022 was $80.15 per hour compared to $74.65 per hour in the corresponding 2021 quarter. The increase in average bill rate was due to higher rates on new assignments during the first half of 2022 and was reflective of the types of skill-sets that we deployed. Permanent placement / fee revenues were approximately $0.5 million during the 2022 quarter, which were $0.3 million higher than in the corresponding 2021 quarter.
Gross Margins:
Gross profits in the second quarter of 2022 totaled $16.7 million and exceeded the second quarter of 2021 gross profits by approximately $2.4 million. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 27.0% for the three-month period ended June 30, 2022 compared to 26.7% during the same period of 2021. This improvement in gross margins reflected higher margins in our IT Staffing Services segment.
Below is a tabular presentation of gross margin by reporting segment for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

Gross Margin |  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 |  |  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
Data and Analytics Services |  |  | 43.6 | % |  |  | 46.7 | %
IT Staffing Services |  |  | 23.3 |  |  |  | 22.7 |
Total gross margin |  |  | 27.0 | % |  |  | 26.7 | %

Gross margins from our Data and Analytics Services segment were 43.6% of revenues during the second quarter of 2022, which represented a decline of
310-basis
points from a year ago. The margin decline reflected much lower utilization in the 2022 quarter due to a 22% increase in billable staff in anticipation of higher activity levels in the second half of 2022. Many of these resources were in training-programs during the second quarter, which negatively impacted utilization.
Gross margins from our IT Staffing Services segment were 23.3% in the second quarter of 2022 compared to 22.7% during the corresponding quarter of 2021. This
60-basis
point expansion was due higher permanent placement fees, higher revenues from our high-margin offshore staffing offering and better gross margins on new assignments secured during the last several quarters.
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Selling, General and Administrative (“S,G&A”) Expenses:
Below is a tabular presentation of operating expenses by sales, operations, amortization of acquired intangible assets, the revaluation of contingent consideration and general and administrative categories for the three months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

S,G&A Expenses (Amounts in millions) |  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 |  |  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
Data and Analytics Services Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales and Marketing |  | $ | 1.8 |  |  | $ | 1.4 |
Operations |  |  | 0.7 |  |  |  | 0.8 |
Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets |  |  | 0.6 |  |  |  | 0.6 |
Revaluation of Contingent Consideration |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2.0 | )
General & Administrative |  |  | 1.6 |  |  |  | 1.3 |
Subtotal Data and Analytics Services |  | $ | 4.7 |  |  | $ | 2.1 |

S,G&A Expenses (Amounts in millions) |  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2022 |  |  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
IT Staffing Services Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales and Marketing |  | $ | 2.4 |  |  | $ | 1.9 |
Operations |  |  | 2.9 |  |  |  | 2.2 |
Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets |  |  | 0.2 |  |  |  | 0.2 |
General & Administrative |  |  | 3.0 |  |  |  | 2.6 |
Subtotal IT Staffing Services |  | $ | 8.5 |  |  | $ | 6.9 |
Total S,G&A Expenses |  | $ | 13.2 |  |  | $ | 9.0 |

S,G&A expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $13.2 million or 21.2% of total revenues, compared to $9.0 million or 16.8% of total revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2021. Excluding the revaluation of contingent consideration in the 2021 period and the amortization of acquired intangible assets in both periods, S,G&A expense as a percentage of total revenues would have been 20.0% and 19.0%, respectively.
Fluctuations within S,G&A expense components during the second quarter of 2022, compared to the second quarter of 2021, included the following:

| • |  | Sales expense increased by $0.9 million in the 2022 period compared to the corresponding 2021 period. Approximately $0.4 million related to our Data and Analytics Services segment, which reflected additional staff and higher variable compensation. Sales expense in our IT Staffing segment increased by $0.5 million largely due to staff increases and higher variable compensation.

| • |  | Operations expense increased $0.6 million in the 2022 period compared to the corresponding 2021 period. In our Data and Analytics Services segment operating expense declined by $0.1 million due to lower staff. In our IT Staffing Services segment operating expense increased by $0.7 million related to staff increases and higher variable expenses to support revenue growth.

| • |  | Amortization of acquired intangible assets was $0.8 million in both the 2022 and 2021 periods.

| • |  | Revaluation of contingent consideration totaled a credit of $2.0 million in the 2021 period and related to the AmberLeaf acquisition. No contingent consideration existed on the Company’s balance sheet in 2022.

| • |  | General and administrative expense increased by $0.7 million in the 2022 period compared to the corresponding 2021 period. General and administrative expense in our Data and Analytics Services segment increased by $0.3 million due to executive leadership staff increases. In our IT Staffing Services segment, general and administrative expense increased by $0.4 million due to higher compensation expense and increases in travel and facility expenses.

Other Income / (Expense) Components:
Other Income / (Expense) for the three months ended June 30, 2022 consisted of interest expense of ($127,000) and foreign exchange gains of $195,000. For the three months ended June 30, 2021, Other Income / (Expense) consisted of interest expense of ($159,000) and foreign exchange gains of $15,000. The favorable foreign exchange gains reflected a stronger U.S. dollar in the 2022 quarter.
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Income Tax Expense:
Income tax expense for the three months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $1.2 million, representing an effective tax rate on
pre-tax
income of 32.6% compared to $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2021, which represented a 27.7% effective tax rate on
pre-tax
income. The higher effective tax rate in the 2022 period was due to an increase in our tax valuation allowance related to foreign net operating losses (“NOL’s) in Singapore, Ireland and the UK and additional tax expense associated with forfeited vested stock options.
Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 as Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021:
Revenues:
Revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $121.9 million compared to $103.4 million for the corresponding six month period in 2021. This 18% year-over-year revenue increase reflected a 21% increase in and Data and Analytics Services segment and a 17% increase in our IT Staffing Services segment. For the six months ended June 30, 2022, the Company had one client that had revenues in excess of 10% of total revenues (CGI = 20.1%). For the six months ended June 30, 2021, the Company had the same one client that had revenues in excess of 10% of total revenues (CGI = 14.9%). The Company’s top ten clients represented approximately 52% and 48% of total revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Below is a tabular presentation of revenues by reportable segment for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

Revenues (Amounts in millions) |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
Data and Analytics Services |  | $ | 21.4 |  |  | $ | 17.7 |
IT Staffing Services |  |  | 100.5 |  |  |  | 85.7 |
Total revenues |  | $ | 121.9 |  |  | $ | 103.4 |

Revenues from our Data and Analytics Services segment totaled $21.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2022, compared to $17.7 million in the corresponding
six-month
period last year. The 21% year-over-year improvement reflected improved backlog in the 2022 period.
Revenues from our IT Staffing Services segment totaled $100.5 million in the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to $85.7 million during the corresponding 2021 period. This 17% increase reflected a higher level of billable consultants; an improved average bill rate ($79.57 in 2022 versus $74.89 in 2021) and higher permanent placement revenues in the 2022 period versus 2021.
Gross Margins:
Gross profits in the six months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $32.7 million compared to $27.1 million in the corresponding period last year. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 26.8% for the six month period ended June 30, 2022 compared to 26.2% during the same period of 2021. This
60-basis
point improvement largely reflected a favorable mix of revenues between our two operating segments and higher gross margins in our IT Staffing Services segment.
Below is a tabular presentation of gross margin by reporting segment for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

Gross Margin |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
Data and Analytics Services |  |  | 44.3 | % |  |  | 46.2 | %
IT Staffing Services |  |  | 23.1 |  |  |  | 22.1 |
Total gross margin |  |  | 26.8 | % |  |  | 26.2 | %

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Gross margins from our Data and Analytics Services segment were 44.3% of revenues during the six month period ended June 30, 2022 compared to 46.2% in the corresponding period of 2021. This gross margin decline reflects lower utilization during the first six months of 2022 primarily driven by 22% increase in billable staff in the second quarter of 2022 in anticipation of higher activity levels in the second half of 2022.
Gross margins from our IT Staffing Services segment were 23.1% in the six months ended June 30, 2022 compared to 22.1% during the corresponding period of 2021. This
100-basis
point expansion was due to better gross margins on new assignments secured during the last several quarters; higher permanent placement revenues and increased activity levels from our offshore staffing offering.
Selling, General and Administrative (“S,G&A”) Expenses:
Below is a tabular presentation of operating expenses by sales, operations, amortization of acquired intangible assets, the revaluation of contingent consideration and general and administrative categories for the six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively:

S,G&A Expenses (Amounts in millions) |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
Data and Analytics Services Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales and Marketing |  | $ | 3.7 |  |  | $ | 3.2 |
Operations |  |  | 1.3 |  |  |  | 1.6 |
Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets |  |  | 1.2 |  |  |  | 1.2 |
Revaluation of Contingent Consideration |  |  | — |  |  |  | (2.0 | )
General & Administrative |  |  | 2.7 |  |  |  | 2.3 |
Subtotal Data and Analytics Services |  | $ | 8.9 |  |  | $ | 6.3 |

S,G&A Expenses (Amounts in millions) |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022 |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2021 |
IT Staffing Services Segment |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales and Marketing |  | $ | 4.9 |  |  | $ | 3.7 |
Operations |  |  | 5.7 |  |  |  | 4.2 |
Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets |  |  | 0.4 |  |  |  | 0.4 |
General & Administrative |  |  | 5.9 |  |  |  | 5.3 |
Subtotal IT Staffing Services |  | $ | 16.9 |  |  | $ | 13.6 |
Total S,G&A Expenses |  | $ | 25.8 |  |  | $ | 19.9 |

S,G&A expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $25.8 million or 21.2% of total revenues, compared to $19.9 million or 19.2% of total revenues for the six months ended June 30, 2021. Excluding the revaluation of contingent consideration in the 2021 period and the amortization of acquired intangible assets in both periods, S,G,&A expense as a percentage of total revenues would have been 19.8% and 19.6%, respectively.
Fluctuations within S,G&A expense components during the first six months of 2022, compared to the first six months of 2021, included the following:

| • |  | Sales expense increased by $1.7 million in the 2022 period compared to the corresponding 2021 period. An increase of $0.5 million related to our Data and Analytics Services segment which reflected additional staff and higher variable compensation. Sales expense in our IT Staffing Services segment increased by $1.2 million due to staff increases, higher variable compensation and higher travel expenses.

| • |  | Operations expense increased by $1.2 million in the 2022 period compared to the corresponding 2021 period. In our Data and Analytics Services segment operations expense decreased $0.3 million due to lower staff. Operations expense in our IT Staffing Services segment increased by $1.5 million largely related to staff increases and higher variable expense to support revenue growth.

| • |  | Amortization of acquired intangible assets was $1.6 million in both the 2022 and 2021 periods.

| • |  | Revaluation of contingent consideration totaled a credit of $2.0 million in the 2021 period and related to the AmberLeaf acquisition. No contingent consideration existed on the Company’s balance sheet in 2022.

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| • |  | General and administrative expense increased by $1.0 million in the 2022 period compared to the corresponding 2021 period. General and administrative expense in our Data and Analytics Services segment increased by $0.4 million due to executive leadership staff increases and executive search fees. The increase in our IT Staffing Services segment of $0.6 million was due to higher compensation and increases in travel and facility expenses.

Other Income / (Expense) Components:
Other Income / (Expense) for the six months ended June 30, 2022 consisted of interest expense of ($241,000) and foreign exchange gains of $249,000. For the six months ended June 30, 2021, Other Income / (Expense) consisted of interest expense of ($354,000) and foreign exchange losses of ($22,000). The lower level of interest expense was reflective of debt repayments and the favorable foreign exchange gains reflected a stronger U.S. dollar in the 2022 period.
Income Tax Expense:
Income tax expense for the six months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $2.1 million, representing an effective tax rate on
pre-tax
income of 30.5% compared to $1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2021, which represented a 27.5% effective tax rate on
pre-tax
income. The higher effective tax rate in the 2022 period was largely due to an increase in our tax valuation allowance related to foreign net operating losses (“NOL’s”) in Singapore, Ireland and the UK and additional tax expense associated with forfeited vested stock options.
Liquidity and Capital Resources:
Financial Conditions and Liquidity:
At June 30, 2022, we had bank debt, net of cash balances on hand, of $4.2 million and approximately $36.8 million of borrowing capacity under our existing credit facility.
Historically, we have funded our organic business needs with cash generated from operating activities. Controlling our operating working capital levels by closely managing our accounts receivable balance is an important element of cash generation. At June 30, 2022, our accounts receivable “days sales outstanding” (“DSOs”) measurement was
67-days,
which was three days higher than our DSO measurement at March 31, 2022, which is on the
high-end
of our targeted range and we would expect this number to come down over the next several quarters. We believe that cash provided by operating activities, cash balances on hand and current availability under our credit facility will be adequate to fund our business needs and debt service obligations over the next twelve months, exclusive of any acquisition activity.
Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities:
Cash provided by operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $1.9 million compared to cash provided by operating activities of $0.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2021. Elements of cash flow during the 2022 period were net income of $4.8 million,
non-cash
charges of $3.8 million and an increase in operating working capital levels of ($6.7 million). Elements of cash flow during the corresponding 2021 period were net income of $4.9 million,
non-cash
charges of $1.9 million and an increase in operating working capital levels of ($6.6 million). The operating working capital increases in both 2022 and 2021 were largely in support of our revenue growth.
Cash flows (used in) investing activities:
Cash (used in) investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was ($693,000) compared to ($525,000) for the six months ended June 30, 2021. In 2022 capital expenditures and the recovery of office lease deposits accounted for investing activities. In 2021 capital expenditures and the payment of office lease deposits accounted for investing activities. Capital expenditures in the 2022 period increased from 2021 due to systems implementation expenditures.
Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities:
Cash (used in) financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 totaled ($0.7 million) and consisted of term loan debt repayments of ($2.2 million), partially offset by $1.5 million related to proceeds from the issuance of common shares and the exercise of stock options. Cash (used in) financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2021 totaled ($1.9 million) and consisted of term loan repayments of ($2.2 million), partially offset by $0.3 million related to proceeds from the issuance of common shares and the exercise of stock options.
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Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements:
We do not have any
off-balance
sheet arrangements.
Inflation:
We do not believe that inflation had a significant impact on our results of operations for the periods presented. On an ongoing basis, we attempt to minimize any effects of inflation on our operating results by controlling operating costs and, whenever possible, seeking to ensure that billing rates are adjusted periodically to reflect increases in costs due to inflation. However, high levels of inflation may result in an increase in our selling, general and administrative expenses, as well as a higher interest rate environment.
Seasonality:
Our operations are generally not affected by seasonal fluctuations. However, our consultants’ billable hours are affected by national holidays and vacation policies. Accordingly, we generally have lower utilization rates and higher benefit costs during the fourth quarter. Additionally, assignment completions tend to be higher near the end of the calendar year, which largely impacts our revenue and gross profit performance during the subsequent quarter.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards:
Recent accounting pronouncements are described in Note 16 to the accompanying financial statements.

ITEM 3. | QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

In addition to the inherent operational risks, the Company is exposed to certain market risks, primarily related to changes in interest rates and currency fluctuations.
Interest Rates
As of June 30, 2022, we had outstanding borrowings of $10.9 million under our Credit Agreement with PNC Bank and certain other financial institution lenders — Refer to Note 9 – “Credit Facility” in the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, included herein. A hypothetical 10% increase in interest rates on our variable debt outstanding at June 30, 2022 would have an increase in our annual interest expense of approximately $45,000. As of June 30, 2022, the Company has no interest-rate hedge vehicles outstanding.
Currency Fluctuations
The reporting currency of the Company and its subsidiaries is the U.S. dollar. The functional currency of the Company’s subsidiary in Canada is the U.S. dollar because the majority of its revenue is denominated in U.S. dollars. The functional currencies of the Company’s Indian and European subsidiaries are the local currency of the location of such subsidiary. The results of operations of the Company’s Indian and European subsidiaries are translated at the monthly average exchange rates prevailing during the period. The financial position of the Company’s Indian and European subsidiaries is translated at the current exchange rates at the end of the period, and the related translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within Shareholders’ Equity. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included as a component of other income (expense), net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations, and have not been material for all periods presented. A hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in overall foreign currency rates would not have had a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

ITEM 4. | CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of Company management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Exchange Act Rules
13a-15(b).
Based upon that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective.
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We do not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures will prevent all errors and all instances of fraud. Disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Further, the design of disclosure controls and procedures must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all disclosure controls and procedures, no evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures can provide absolute assurance that we have detected all our control deficiencies and instances of fraud, if any. The design of disclosure controls and procedures also is based partly on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 30, 2022 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. | LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

In the ordinary course of our business, we are involved in a number of lawsuits and administrative proceedings. While uncertainties are inherent in the final outcome of these matters, management believes, after consultation with legal counsel, that the disposition of these proceedings should not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

ITEM 1A. | RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes from the risk factors as previously disclosed in our Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on March 14, 2022.

ITEM 2. | UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Not applicable.
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ITEM 6. | EXHIBITS

(a) Exhibits

10.1 |  | Schedule A-6, dated March 9, 2022, to Fourth Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of March 20, 2019, between Mastech Digital Technologies, Inc., Mastech Digital, Inc. and Vivek Gupta (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Mastech Digital, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 11, 2022).
10.2 |  | Schedule A-11, dated March 9, 2022, to Third Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of March 20, 2019, between Mastech Digital Technologies, Inc., Mastech Digital, Inc. and John J. Cronin, Jr. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Mastech Digital, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 11, 2022).
10.3 |  | Executive Employment Agreement, dated as of March 28, 2022, between Mastech InfoTrellis, Inc., Mastech Digital Data, Inc., and Ganeshan Venkateshwaran (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Mastech Digital, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 30, 2022).
31.1 |  | Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Chief Executive Officer is filed herewith.
31.2 |  | Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Chief Financial Officer is filed herewith.
32.1 |  | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by the Chief Executive Officer is furnished herewith.
32.2 |  | Certification pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, by the Chief Financial Officer is furnished herewith.
101.INS |  | XBRL Instance Document.
101.SCH |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
101.LAB |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

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Table of Contents
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on this 15th day of August, 2022.

|  |  |  | MASTECH DIGITAL, INC.
August 15, 2022 |  |  |  | /s/ VIVEK GUPTA
|  |  |  | Vivek Gupta Chief Executive Officer
|  |  |  | /s/ JOHN J. CRONIN, JR.
|  |  |  | John J. Cronin, Jr.
|  |  |  | Chief Financial Officer
|  |  |  | (Principal Financial Officer)

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