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WARRANTS | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2024
WARRANTS |
WARRANTS | 8. WARRANTS Warrants Issued with Series A Preferred Stock On January 26, 2017, in connection with the sale and issuance of the Series A Preferred Stock, the Company issued equity-classified warrants to purchase 309,389 shares of common stock (the “2017 Warrants”), valued at $0.2 million, and included in the issuance costs of the Series A Preferred Stock. The warrants vested immediately and have an exercise price of $2.49 per share and expire on March 13, 2027. The fair value of warrants issued was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions for the 2017 Warrants. ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Contractual term (in years) |  | 10.0 |
Volatility |  | 74.48 | %
Risk-free interest rate |  | 3.20 | %
Dividend yield |  | 0.00 | %
​ Warrants Issued with the 2018 Notes On January 18, 2018, the Company entered into a placement agent agreement through which it became obligated to issue common stock warrants in connection with the issuance of convertible promissory notes, issued on February 5, 2018 (the “2018 Notes”). The obligation to issue the 2018 Notes Warrants was recorded as a liability at its fair value, (see Note 3), which was initially $0.1 million, and was included in the issuance costs of the 2018 Notes. On November 5, 2018, in connection with the extinguishment of the 2018 Notes into shares of Series B Preferred Stock, the Company issued the 2018 Notes Warrants, which were equity-classified warrants upon issuance, to purchase 76,847 shares of common stock, valued at $0.3 million. The exercise price of the 2018 Notes Warrants resets each time the Company issues common stock with an issue price less than the exercise price of the Warrants. The 2018 Notes Warrants vested immediately upon issuance and expire on November 4, 2028. The exercise price of the 2018 Notes Warrants was $3.98 and $3.99 per share as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Warrants Issued with Series B Preferred Stock In November and December 2018, in connection with the sale and issuance of the Series B Preferred Stock, the Company was obligated to issue equity-classified warrants to purchase 72,261 shares of common stock (collectively the “2018 Warrants”), valued in the aggregate at $0.2 million, which was included in the issuance costs for the Series B Preferred Stock. The exercise price of the warrants resets each time the Company issues common stock with an issue price less than the exercise price of the warrants. The warrants vested immediately upon issuance and expire 10 years from the date of issuance. The exercise price of the warrants was $4.84 and $4.86 per share as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively. The fair value of the 2018 Warrants was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Contractual term (in years) |  | 10.0 |
Volatility |  | 73.22 | %
Risk-free interest rate |  | 2.70 | %
Dividend yield |  | 0.00 | %
​ In February 2019, in connection with the sale and issuance of the Series B Preferred Stock, the Company was obligated to issue warrants to purchase 23,867 shares of common stock (collectively the “2019 Warrants”), valued in the aggregate at $0.1 million, which was included in the issuance costs for the Series B Preferred Stock. The exercise price of the warrants resets each time the Company issues common stock with an issue price less than the exercise price of the warrants. The warrants vested immediately upon issuance and expire 10 years from the date of issuance. The exercise price of the warrants was $4.84 and $4.86 per share as of March 31, 2024, and December 31, 2023, respectively. The fair value of the 2019 Warrants was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Contractual term (in years) |  | 10.0 |
Volatility |  | 73.22 | %
Risk-free interest rate |  | 2.70 | %
Dividend yield |  | 0.00 | %
​ The inputs utilized by management to value the warrants are highly subjective. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of the warrants represent the Company’s best estimates, but these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. As a result, if factors change and the Company uses different assumptions, the fair value of the warrants may be materially different in the future. Warrants Issued with June 2022 Offering On June 27, 2022, in connection with the sale and issuance common stock as part of the June Offering, the Company issued 10,000,000 Pre-Funded Warrants at an exercise price of $0.0001 per share, and 30,000,000 accompanying Common Warrants at an exercise price of $1.00 per share. Each share of common stock and accompanying Common Warrant was sold at a public offering price of $1.00, less underwriting discounts and commissions, and each Pre-Funded Warrant and accompanying Common Warrant was sold at a public offering price of $0.9999, less underwriting discounts and commissions, as described in the prospectus supplement, dated June 22, 2022, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 24, 2022. The Pre-Funded Warrants and the Common Warrants are immediately exercisable and will expire five years from the date of issuance. Holders may not exercise any Pre-Funded Warrants or Common Warrants that would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the holder to exceed 9.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock immediately after exercise. Holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants and/or Common Warrants (together with affiliates) who immediately prior to June 27, 2022 beneficially owned more than 9.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock may not exercise any portion of their Pre-Funded Warrants or Common Warrants if the holder (together with affiliates) would beneficially own more than 19.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock after exercise. The Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants are subject to adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the common stock and also upon any distributions for no consideration of assets to the Company’s stockholders. In the event of certain corporate transactions, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants and/or Common Warrants will be entitled to receive, upon exercise, the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the Pre-Funded Warrants and/or Common Warrants immediately prior to such transaction. The Pre-Funded Warrants and Common Warrants do not entitle the holders thereof to any voting rights or any of the other rights or privileges to which the Company’s stockholders are entitled. The June 2022 Pre-Funded Warrants were initially recorded at fair value as a liability as the Company could be required to settle the Pre-Funded Warrants in cash in the event of an acquisition of the Company under certain circumstances. In December 2022, the Company amended the Pre-Funded Warrants to remove the potential requirement that they could be settled in cash under certain circumstances. Beginning December 31, 2023, the Pre-funded Warrants are recorded as equity, using their fair value as of the amendment date. As of March 31, 2024, warrant holders exercised 8,500,000 Pre-Funded Warrants on a cash basis and received 8,500,000 shares of common stock. The Company received $850 in cash proceeds for the exercise of these Pre-Funded Warrants. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had 1,500,000 Pre-Funded Warrants from the June 2022 offering outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of $0.0001 per share and an average contractual life of 5 years. The Common Warrants were accounted for as liabilities under ASC 815-40, as these warrants provide for a settlement provision that does not meet the requirements of the indexation guidance under ASC 815-40. These warrant liabilities are measured at fair value at inception and on a recurring basis, with changes in fair value presented within the statement of operations. As of March 31, 2024, warrant holders exercised 19,275,000 Common Warrants on a cash basis and received 19,725,000 shares of common stock. The Company received $19.3 million in cash proceeds for the exercise of these Common Warrants. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had 10,725,000 Common Warrants outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of $1.00 per share and an average contractual life of 5 years. The Common Warrants were remeasured using a Black-Scholes option pricing model with a range of assumptions included below as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | March 31, |  | December 31,
​ | ​ | 2024 | ​ | ​ | 2023 | ​
Expected term (in years) |  | 2.2 | ​ | ​ | 2.4 | ​
Volatility |  | 112.02 | % | ​ | 109.46 | %
Risk-free interest rate |  | 4.75 | % | ​ | 4.32 | %
Dividend yield | ​ | 0.00 | % | ​ | 0.00 | %
​ Warrants Issued with April 2023 Private Placement On April 23, 2023, in connection with the sale and issuance of common stock as part of the April 2023 Private Placement, the Company issued 22,000,000 Pre-Funded Warrants at an exercise price of $0.001 per share. Each share of common stock was sold at a public offering price of $0.946, less underwriting discounts and commissions, and each Pre-Funded Warrant was sold at a public offering price of $0.945, less underwriting discounts and commissions, pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 23, 2023, by and between the Company and the Purchasers. The Pre-Funded Warrants are immediately exercisable from the date of issuance and do not have an expiration date. They have an exercise price of $0.001. Holders may not exercise any Pre-Funded Warrants that would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the holder to exceed 9.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock immediately after exercise. The Pre-Funded Warrants are subject to adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the common stock and also upon any distributions for no consideration of assets to the Company’s stockholders. In the event of certain corporate transactions, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the Pre-Funded Warrants immediately prior to such transaction. The Pre-Funded Warrants do not entitle the holders thereof to any voting rights or any of the other rights or privileges to which holders of common stock are entitled. The Company intends to use the net proceeds to fund research and development and registration of its pipeline candidates, and for working capital and general corporate purposes. The April 2023 pre-funded warrants were classified as equity. As of March 31, 2024, warrant holders exercised 1,706,976 Pre-Funded Warrants on a cashless basis and received 1,706,285 shares of common stock. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had 20,293,024 Pre-Funded Warrants from the April 2023 private placement outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of $0.001 per share. The pre-funded warrants do not have an expiration date. Warrants Issued with March 2024 Private Placement On March 1, 2024, in connection with the sale and issuance of common stock as part of the March 2024 Private Placement, the Company issued 2,000,000 Pre-Funded Warrants at an exercise price of $0.001 per share. Each share of common stock was sold at a public offering price of $7.00, less underwriting discounts and commissions, and each Pre-Funded Warrant was sold at a public offering price of $6.999, less underwriting discounts and commissions, pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 27, 2024, by and between the Company and the Purchasers. The Pre-Funded Warrants are immediately exercisable from the date of issuance and do not have an expiration date. They have an exercise price of $0.001. Holders may not exercise any Pre-Funded Warrants that would cause the aggregate number of shares of common stock beneficially owned by the holder to exceed 9.99% of the Company’s outstanding common stock immediately after exercise. The Pre-Funded Warrants are subject to adjustment in the event of certain stock dividends and distributions, stock splits, stock combinations, reclassifications or similar events affecting the common stock and also upon any distributions for no consideration of assets to the Company’s stockholders. In the event of certain corporate transactions, the holders of the Pre-Funded Warrants will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, the kind and amount of securities, cash or other property that the holders would have received had they exercised the Pre-Funded Warrants immediately prior to such transaction. The Pre-Funded Warrants do not entitle the holders thereof to any voting rights or any of the other rights or privileges to which holders of common stock are entitled. The March 2024 pre-funded warrants were classified as equity. As of March 31, 2024, the Company had 2,000,000 Pre-Funded Warrants from the March 2024 private placement outstanding with a weighted average exercise price of $0.001 per share. The pre-funded warrants do not have an expiration date. A summary of the Company’s outstanding pre-funded and common stock warrants as of March 31, 2024 is as follows: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | Equity Classified | ​ | Liability Classified | ​ | Total
​ | ​ | Warrants |  | Warrants |  | Warrants
Outstanding as of January 1, 2024 | ​ | ​ | 31,783,652 | ​ | ​ | 19,750,000 | ​ | ​ | 51,533,652
Warrants granted and issued | ​ |  | 2,000,000 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 2,000,000
Warrants exercised | ​ |  | (4,206,976) | ​ |  | (9,025,000) | ​ |  | (13,231,976)
Common stock exchanged for prefunded warrants | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | —
Outstanding as of March 31, 2024 | ​ | ​ | 29,576,676 | ​ | ​ | 10,725,000 | ​ | ​ | 40,301,676
​

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- Definition The entire disclosure of warrants or rights issued. Warrants and rights outstanding are derivative securities that give the holder the right to purchase securities (usually equity) from the issuer at a specific price within a certain time frame. Warrants are often included in a new debt issue to entice investors by a higher return potential. The main difference between warrants and call options is that warrants are issued and guaranteed by the company, whereas options are exchange instruments and are not issued by the company. Also, the lifetime of a warrant is often measured in years, while the lifetime of a typical option is measured in months. Disclose the title of issue of securities called for by warrants and rights outstanding, the aggregate amount of securities called for by warrants and rights outstanding, the date from which the warrants or rights are exercisable, and the price at which the warrant or right is exercisable. + References No definition available. + Details
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