In connection with the Business Combination described in Note 1, Concord III completed the acquisition of Legacy GCT and acquired 100% of Legacy GCT’s common stock. Legacy GCT received net proceeds of $17.1 million from the PIPE Financing (as defined below). Concord III incurred total direct transaction costs of $13.1 million, which were expensed by Concord III, and of which $0.9 million related to the PIPE Financing. Legacy GCT incurred transaction costs of $8.9 million, consisting of legal, accounting, and other professional fees, which were recorded as additional paid-in capital. Each share of Legacy GCT capital stock received a deemed value of $10.00 per share after giving effect to the applicable exchange ratio of 0.1868. Upon Closing of the Business Combination, the following occurred:

Immediately after the Closing, the Company’s outstanding common stock included the following components (in thousands):


	Shares
Common stock of Concord III outstanding prior to the Business Combination		3,941
Less: redemption of Concord III’s common stock		(3,766	)
Sponsor earnout common stock outstanding prior to the Business Combination		8,625
Common stock of Concord III issued and outstanding		8,800
Common stock issued in PIPE Financing		4,530
Legacy GCT common stock		32,503
Total common stock issued and outstanding		45,833

The Business Combination was accounted for as a reverse recapitalization under U.S. GAAP because Legacy GCT was determined to be the accounting acquirer, and Concord III was identified as the accounting acquiree for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements of the Company represent a continuation of the consolidated financial statements of Legacy GCT, with the Business Combination treated as the equivalent of Legacy GCT issuing its common stock for the net assets of Concord III, accompanied by a recapitalization, and the net assets of Concord III were recorded at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. The results of operations prior to the Business Combination are those of Legacy GCT.

Legacy GCT was determined to be the accounting acquirer based the following facts and circumstances:

Concurrent with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, certain investors entered into agreements and committed to purchase in a private placement an aggregate of 4,529,967 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “PIPE Shares”) at a purchase price of $6.67 per share for an aggregate purchase price of $30.2 million (the “PIPE Financing”) upon the Business Combination Closing. The PIPE Financing was consummated immediately prior to the Closing and resulted in net proceeds of $17.1 million to the Company.

In November 2021, Concord III issued warrants to purchase shares of Concord III’s common stock that were assumed by the Company at the Closing of the Business Combination on the same terms and conditions: (i) 9,400,000 warrant shares that were issued in a private placement and held by the sponsor and another company (the “Private Placement Warrants”) and (ii) 17,250,000 warrant shares that were issued in connection with the initial public offering of Concord III (the “Public Warrants”).

The Private Placement Warrants were reallocated at the Closing of the Business Combination as follows: (i) 4,492,650 warrants were vested and retained by the sponsor parties, (ii) 2,087,350 warrants were reallocated from the sponsor parties to certain recipients at Legacy GCT’s discretion to incentivize investment, and (iii) 2,820,000 were forfeited by the sponsor parties.

Subsequent to the Closing, the outstanding Private Placement Warrants and Public Warrants remained liability-classified as the applicable provisions precluding classification in equity did not change as a result of the Business Combination.

At the Closing of the Business Combination, former Legacy GCT stockholders and other investors of Legacy GCT have the right to receive up to 20,000,000 shares of Company common stock (“Legacy GCT Earnout Shares”). The Legacy GCT Earnout Shares may vest between May 2024 and March 2029 if the volume-weighted average price (“VWAP”) of the Company’s common stock for any 20 trading days within 30 consecutive trading day periods exceeds the following amounts per share (“VWAP Threshold”): (i) one-third of the shares based on the $12.50 per share VWAP Threshold, (ii) one-third of the shares based on the $15.00 per share VWAP Threshold, and (iii) one-third of the shares based on the $17.50 per share VWAP Threshold.

In the event of a future transaction that results in a change in control in which shares of the Company common stock are converted into the right to receive cash or other consideration having a value equal to or in excess of a triggering event, then the Legacy GCT Earnout Shares subject to the applicable triggering event that have not been previously issued will be issued to the Legacy GCT stockholders effective as of immediately prior to the consummation of such transaction. In the event of a transaction that results in a change in control in which shares of Company common stock are converted into the right to receive cash or other consideration having a value less than a triggering event, then the Legacy GCT Earnout Shares subject to the applicable triggering event that have not been previously issued will be forfeited.

The Legacy GCT Earnout Shares were recognized at a fair value of approximately $108.8 million upon the Closing and classified within the stockholders’ deficit as they are indexed solely to the Company’s common stock and are otherwise not precluded from equity classification based on their settlement provisions. Under the reverse recapitalization method of accounting, the fair value of the Legacy GCT Earnout Shares was treated as a deemed dividend and, in the absence of retained earnings, credited to additional paid-in capital without any impact on the stockholders’ deficit balances.

Concurrently with entering into the Business Combination Agreement, the sponsor parties and the Company entered into that certain sponsor support agreement, as amended, modified, or supplemented (the “Sponsor Support Agreement”). Pursuant to the terms of the Sponsor Support Agreement, the sponsor parties have the right to receive up to 1,920,375 shares of the Company's common stock (“Sponsor Earnout Shares”). The Sponsor Earnout Shares are legally outstanding and remain unvested through September 30, 2024. The Sponsor Earnout Shares may vest between September 2024 and March 2029 if the VWAP of the Company’s common stock for any 20 trading days within 30 consecutive trading day periods exceeds the following VWAP Thresholds: (i) one-third of the shares based on the $12.50 per share VWAP Threshold, (ii) one-third of the shares based on the $15.00 per share VWAP Threshold, and (iii) one-third of the shares based on the $17.50 per share VWAP Threshold.

The Sponsor Earnout Shares were recognized at a fair value of approximately $10.4 million upon the Closing and classified within the stockholders’ deficit as they are indexed solely to the Company’s common stock and are otherwise not precluded from equity classification based on their settlement provisions. Under the reverse recapitalization method of accounting, the fair value of the Sponsor Earnout Shares was treated as a deemed dividend and, in the absence of retained earnings, credited to additional paid-in capital without any impact on the stockholders’ deficit balances.

In July 2024, the number of Sponsor Earnout Shares subject to the market-based vesting condition was reduced to 570,796 shares of the Company’s common stock, as the sponsor parties did not meet the required performance condition for the entire grant. The remaining 1,349,579 shares previously included in the outstanding common stock were forfeited. No adjustments to the stockholders' deficit are required upon the forfeiture of the share-based awards that contain market conditions.