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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 6 Months Ended
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Jul. 31, 2021
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
| 2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Unaudited Interim Financial Statements The consolidated balance sheet as of July 31, 2021, and the consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the periods presented have been prepared by the Company and are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring adjustments) necessary to present fairly the financial position, results of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity and cash flows for all periods presented have been made. The results for the six months ended July 31, 2021, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year. The consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in Nutriband’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2021. Certain information and footnote disclosures required under generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted from these consolidated financial statements pursuant to the rules and regulations, including the interim reporting requirements of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and the disclosures of contingent amounts in our consolidated financial statements and accompanying footnotes. Actual results could differ from estimates. The Company’s significant accounting policies are summarized in Note 1 in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2021. There were no significant changes to these accounting policies during the six months July 31, 2021. Going Concern As of July 31, 2021, the Company believes the substantial doubt about its status as a going concern has been resolved. The going concern conditions that caused substantial doubt consisted of current quarter net loss, negative working capital, negative cash flow, and accumulated deficit. Management has implemented plans to alleviate the substantial doubt. These plans include a substantial increase in sales commitments, a decrease in planned overhead expenses, equity funding that has been received and additional funding expected to be received, and the net revenue from its recent acquisitions. These factors did not exist in prior years during its start-up operations. The Company’s recent history of losses has continued but future positive cash flow projections due to revenue commitments and decreases in overhead as well as expected equity funding will enable the Company to alleviate the substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans have been currently implemented. The plans enable the Company to meet its obligations for at least one year from the date when the financial statements are issued. Principles of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All material intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. The operations of 4P Therapeutics are included in the Company’s financial statements from the date of acquisition of August 1, 2018, and the operations of Pocono and Active Intelligence are included in the Company’s financial statements from the date of acquisition of September 1, 2020. The wholly owned subsidiaries are as follows: Nutriband Ltd. 4P Therapeutics LLC Pocono Pharmaceuticals Inc. Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, the Company evaluates its estimates including, but not limited to, those related to such items as income tax exposures, accruals, depreciable/useful lives, allowance for doubtful accounts and valuation allowances. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on other various assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company’s significant policies are summarized in Note 1 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 31, 2021. There were no significant changes to the accounting policies during the six months ended July 31, 2021, and the Company does not expect that the adoption of other accounting pronouncements will have a material impact on its financial statements. Revenue Recognition In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) (“ASU 2014-09”), which amends the accounting standards for revenue recognition. ASU 2014-09 is based on principles that govern the recognition of revenue at an amount an entity expects to be entitled when products are transferred to a customer. The Company adopted the guidance under the new revenue standards using the modified retrospective method effective February 1, 2018 and determined no cumulative effect adjusted to retained earnings was necessary upon adoption. Topic 606 requires the Company to recognize revenues when control of the promised goods or services and receipt of payment is probable. The Company recognizes revenue based on the five criteria for revenue recognition established under Topic 606: 1) identify the contract, 2) identify separate performance obligations, 3) determine the transaction price, 4) allocate the transaction price among the performance obligations, and 5) recognize revenue as the performance obligations are satisfied. Revenue Types The following is a description of the Company’s revenue types, which include professional services and sale of goods:
| ● | Service revenues include the contract of research and development related services with the Company’s clients in the life sciences field on an as-needed basis. Deliverables primarily consist of detailed findings and conclusion reports provided to the client for each given research project engaged.
| ● | Product revenues are derived from the sale of the Company’s consumer transdermal and coated products. Upon the reception of a purchase order, we have the order filled and shipped.
Contracts with Customers A contract with a customer exists when (i) we enter into an enforceable contract with a customer that defines each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred and identifies the payment terms related to these goods or services, (ii) the contract has commercial substance and, (iii) we determine that collection of substantially all consideration for services that are transferred is probable based on the customer’s intent and ability to pay the promised consideration. Deferred Revenue Deferred revenue is a liability related to a revenue producing activity for which revenue has not been recognized. The Company records deferred revenue when it receives consideration from a contract before achieving certain criteria that must be met for revenue to be recognized in conformity with GAAP. Performance Obligations A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer and is the unit of account in the new revenue standard. The contract transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. For the Company’s different revenue service types, the performance obligation is satisfied at different times. The Company’s performance obligations include providing products and professional services in the area of research. The Company recognizes product revenue performance obligations in most cases when the product has shipped to the customer. When we perform professional service work, we recognize revenue when we have the right to invoice the customer for the work completed, which typically occurs over time on a monthly basis for the work performed during that month. All revenue recognized in the income statement is considered to be revenue from contracts with customers. Disaggregation of Revenues The Company disaggregates its revenue from contracts with customers by type and by geographical location. See the tables:
|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | July 31, |  |  | July 31, |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Revenue by type |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Sale of goods |  | $ | 213,739 |  |  | $ | 59,450 |  |  | $ | 541,251 |  |  | $ | 120,770 |
Services |  |  | - |  |  |  | 25,000 |  |  |  | 105,976 |  |  |  | 83,044 |
Total |  | $ | 213,739 |  |  | $ | 84,450 |  |  | $ | 647,227 |  |  | $ | 203,814 |
|  | Three Months Ended |  |  | Six Months Ended |
|  | July 31, |  |  | July 31, |
|  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |  |  | 2021 |  |  | 2020 |
Revenue by geographic location: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  | $ | 213,739 |  |  | $ | 25,000 |  |  | $ | 560,627 |  |  | $ | 83,044 |
Foreign |  |  | - |  |  |  | 59,450 |  |  |  | 86,600 |  |  |  | 120,770 |
|  | $ | 213,739 |  |  | $ | 84,450 |  |  | $ | 647,227 |  |  | $ | 203,814 |
Account receivable Trade accounts receivables are recorded at the net invoice value and are not interest bearing. The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses from the inability of its customers to make required payments. The Company determines its allowances by both specific identification of customer accounts where appropriate and the application of historical loss to non-applicable accounts. For the six months ended July 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company recorded no bad debt expense for doubtful accounts related to account receivable. Inventories Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and reasonable value determined using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. Net reasonable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less applicable variable selling expenses. The cost of finished goods and work in process is comprised of material costs, direct labor costs and other direct costs and related production overheads (based on normal operating capacity). As of July 31, 2021, 100% of the inventory consists of raw materials. Property, Plant and Equipment Property and equipment represent an important component of the Company’s assets. The Company depreciates its plant and equipment on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life of the assets. Property, plant and equipment is stated at historical cost. Expenditures for minor repairs, maintenance and replacement parts which do not increase the useful lives of the assets are charged to expense as incurred. All major additions and improvements are capitalized. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method. The lives over which the fixed assets are depreciated range from 3 to 20 years as follows:
Lab Equipment |  |  | 5-10 years
Furniture and fixtures |  |  | 3 years
Machinery and equipment |  |  | 10-20 years
Intangible Assets Intangible assets include trademarks, intellectual property and customer base acquired through business combinations. The Company accounts for Other Intangible Assets under the guidance of ASC 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other.” The Company capitalizes certain costs related to patent technology. A substantial component of the purchase price related to the Company’s acquisitions have also been assigned to intellectual property and other intangibles. Under the guidance, other intangible assets with definite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets with indefinite lives are tested annually for impairment. Trademarks, intellectual property and customer base are being amortized over their estimated useful lives of ten years. Goodwill Goodwill represents the difference between the total purchase price and the fair value of assets (tangible and intangible) and liabilities at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment annually on January 31, and more frequently as circumstances warrant, and written down only in the period in which the recorded value of such assets exceeds their fair value. The Company does not amortize goodwill in accordance with ASC 350. On August 31, 2020, in connection with the Company’s acquisition of Pocono Coated Products LLC and Active Intelligence LLC, the Company recorded Goodwill of $5,810,640. As of July 31, 2021, Goodwill amounted to $7,529,875. Long-lived Assets Management reviews long-lived assets for potential impairment whenever significant events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. An impairment exists when the carrying amount of the long-lived asset is not recoverable and exceeds its fair value. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the estimated undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. If an impairment exists, the resulting write-down would be the difference between the fair market value of the long-lived asset and the related book value. Earnings per Share Basic earnings per share of common stock is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of shares of common stock and potential shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Potential shares of common stock consist of shares issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options and common stock purchase warrants. As of July 31, 2021, and 2020, there were 141,830 common stock equivalents outstanding, that were not included in the calculation of dilutive earnings per share as their effect would be anti-dilutive. Stock-Based Compensation ASC 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation,” prescribes accounting and reporting standards for all share-based payment transactions in which employee services, and, since February 1, 2019, non-employees, are acquired. Transactions include incurring liabilities, or issuing or offering to issue shares, options and other equity instruments such as employee stock ownership plans and stock appreciation rights. Share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, are recognized as compensation expense in the financial statements based on their fair values. That expense is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award, known as the requisite service period (usually the vesting period). As of February 1, 2019, pursuant to ASC 2018-07, ASC 718 was applied to stock-based compensation for both employees and non-employees. Fair Value Measurements FASB ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosure” (“ASC 820”), defines fair value as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between participants on the measurement date. ASC 820 also establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. ASC 820 describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value. The Company utilizes the accounting guidance for fair value measurements and disclosures for all financial assets and liabilities and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in the consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis during the reporting period. The fair value is an exit price, representing the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants based upon the best use of the asset or liability at the measurement date. The Company utilizes market data or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. ASC 820 establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers are defined as follows:
| Level 1 - | Observable inputs such as quoted market prices in active markets.
| Level 2 - | Inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable.
| Level 3 - | Unobservable inputs about which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.
The carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, and accrued expenses approximate their fair value due to the short maturities of these financial instruments. Derivative Liabilities Fair value estimates are made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information about the financial statement. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matter of significant judgment and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the estimates. The Company accounts for derivative instruments in accordance with ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” and all derivative instruments are reflected as either assets or liabilities at fair value on the balance sheet. The Company uses estimates at fair value to value its derivative instruments. Fair value is defined as the price to sell an asset or transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between willing and able market participants. In general, the Company’s policy in estimating fair values is to first look at observable market prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets, when available. When these are not available, other inputs are used to model fair value such as prices of similar instruments, yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds, default rates and credit spreads, relying first on observable data from active markets. Depending on the availability of observable inputs and prices, different valuation models could produce materially different fair value estimates. The value presented may not represent future fair values and may not be reliable. The Company categorizes its fair value estimates in accordance with ASC 820 based on the hierarchical framework associated with the three levels of price transparency utilized in measuring financial instruments at fair value as discussed above. As of July 31, 2021, and January 31, 2021, the Company had no derivative liabilities. Recent Accounting Standards The Company has implemented all new pronouncements, including the adoption of ASU 2018-13 and ASU 2019-12, that are in effect and that may impact its consolidated financial statements and does not believe that there are any other new accounting pronouncements that have been issued that might have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements or results of operations.

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