<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001019687-13-001315.txt : 20130412
<SEC-HEADER>0001019687-13-001315.hdr.sgml : 20130412
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20130412165156
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001019687-13-001315
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	PRE 14A
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		2
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20130618
FILED AS OF DATE:		20130412
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20130412

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Pacific Ethanol, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000778164
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS [2860]
		IRS NUMBER:				412170618
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		PRE 14A
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	000-21467
		FILM NUMBER:		13759145

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		400 CAPITOL MALL, SUITE 2060
		CITY:			SACRAMENTO
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			95814
		BUSINESS PHONE:		916-403-2123

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		400 CAPITOL MALL, SUITE 2060
		CITY:			SACRAMENTO
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			95814

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	ACCESSITY CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20030627

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	DRIVERSSHIELD COM CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20001115

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	FIRST PRIORITY GROUP INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19920703
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>PRE 14A
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>paceth_pre14a.htm
<DESCRIPTION>PRELIMINARY NOTICE AND PROXY STATEMENT
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><B>SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Filed by the Registrant <FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&#83;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Filed by a Party other than the Registrant <FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&#163;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Check the appropriate box:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&#83;</FONT>
Preliminary Proxy Statement</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&#163;</FONT>
Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&#163;</FONT>
Definitive Proxy Statement</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&#163;</FONT>
Definitive Additional Materials</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&#163;</FONT>
Soliciting Material under Rule 1<FONT STYLE="color: black">4a-12</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><B>PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</B></P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid; width: 100%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt">(Name of Registrant
as Specified In Its Charter)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid; width: 100%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt">(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement if other than
the Registrant)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&#83;</FONT>
No fee required</P>



<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&#163;</FONT>
Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(4) and 0-11.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">1.</TD><TD>Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies:</TD></TR>                                                                                                                                           <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">2.</TD><TD>Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies:</TD></TR>                                                                                                                                        <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">3.</TD><TD>Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on
which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined):</TD></TR>                                                                              <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">4.</TD><TD>Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:</TD></TR>                                                                                                                            <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">5.</TD><TD>Total fee paid:</TD></TR>                                                                                           <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&#163;</FONT>&#9;Fees paid previously with
preliminary materials.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&#163;</FONT>&#9;Check box if any part
of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid
previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">1.&#9;Amount Previously Paid:____________________________________________________________________________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">2.&#9;Form, Schedule or Registration Statement
No.:___________________________________________________________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">3.&#9;Filing Party:______________________________________________________________________________________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">4.&#9;Date Filed:_______________________________________________________________________________________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.</B></FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>400 Capitol Mall, Suite 2060</B></FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Sacramento, California 95814</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">April 29, 2013</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dear Fellow Stockholders:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We cordially invite you to attend the 2013
annual meeting (&ldquo;Annual Meeting&rdquo;) of stockholders of Pacific Ethanol, Inc., which will be held at 9:00 a.m., local
time, on Tuesday, June 18, 2013 at<U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</U>,
Sacramento, California 95814. All stockholders of record at the close of business on April 19, 2013 are entitled to vote at the
Annual Meeting. The formal meeting notice and Proxy Statement are attached.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">At this year&rsquo;s Annual Meeting, stockholders
will be asked to (i)&nbsp;elect seven directors; (ii)&nbsp;cast an advisory vote to approve our <FONT STYLE="color: black">executive
compensation; (iii)&nbsp;cast an advisory vote on the frequency of future advisory votes to approve our executive compensation</FONT>;
(iv)&nbsp;approve an amendment to our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for
issuance under the plan from 6,214,285 to 13,714,285 shares (subject to the effects of a proposed reverse stock split, if approved
and implemented); (v)&nbsp;authorize, for purposes of complying with NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d), us to issue to the investors
listed on the Schedule of Buyers to that certain Securities Purchase Agreement dated March 28, 2013 between Pacific Ethanol, Inc.
and said investors in excess of 20% of our outstanding shares of common stock; and (vi)&nbsp;ratify the appointment of Hein &amp;
Associates LLP to serve as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2013.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition, stockholders will transact
any other business that may properly come before the Annual Meeting. A report on the business operations of Pacific Ethanol will
also be presented at the meeting and stockholders will have an opportunity to ask questions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Whether or not you plan to attend the Annual
Meeting, it is important that your shares be represented and voted at the meeting and we urge you to vote as soon as possible.
As an alternative to voting in person at the Annual Meeting, you may vote electronically over the Internet or by telephone, or
if you receive a proxy card or voting instruction form in the mail, by mailing the completed proxy card or voting instruction form.
Timely voting by any of these methods will ensure your representation at the Annual Meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We look forward to seeing you June 18<SUP>th</SUP>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 5in"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">Sincerely,</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 4.8in"><IMG SRC="image_001.gif"
ALT=""><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">&nbsp;</FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 5in"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">William
L. Jones,</FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">Chairman of the Board</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3in; text-indent: -3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">Important Notice
Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the STOCKHOLDER Meeting to be Held on JUNE 18, 2013. Our Proxy Statement and
2012 Annual Report to Stockholders are available at WWW.PROXYVOTE.COM. YOU WILL NEED THE 12 DIGIT CONTROL NUMBER LISTED ON YOUR
PROXY CARD IN ORDER TO ACCESS THE SITE AND VIEW THE MATERIALS ONLINE.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>NOTICE OF THE 2013 ANNUAL MEETING OF
STOCKHOLDERS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>TO BE HELD JUNE 18, 2013</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">__________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the 2013 annual
meeting (&ldquo;Annual Meeting&rdquo;) of stockholders of Pacific Ethanol, Inc., a Delaware corporation, will be held at 9:00 a.m.,
local time, on Tuesday, June 18, 2013 at<U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</U>,
Sacramento, California 95814, for the following purposes, as more fully described in the Proxy Statement accompanying this notice:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.5pt">1.</TD><TD>To elect seven directors to serve on our Board of Directors until the next annual meeting of stockholders and/or until their
successors are duly elected and qualified. The nominees for election are William L. Jones, Neil M. Koehler, Terry L. Stone, John
L. Prince, Douglas L. Kieta, Larry D. Layne and Michael D. Kandris.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.5pt">2.</TD><TD>To cast a non-binding advisory vote to approve our executive compensation (&ldquo;say-on-pay&rdquo;).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.5pt">3.</TD><TD>To cast a non-binding advisory vote <FONT STYLE="color: black">on the frequency of future advisory votes to approve our executive
compensation.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.5pt">4.</TD><TD>To approve an amendment to our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance
under the plan from 6,214,285 shares to 13,714,285 shares (subject to the effects of a proposed reverse stock split, if approved
and implemented).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.5pt">5.</TD><TD>To authorize, for purposes of complying with NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d), us to issue, under the terms of that certain Securities
Purchase Agreement dated March 28, 2013 by and among Pacific Ethanol, Inc. and the investors listed on the Schedule of Buyers thereto,
and related documents, in excess of that number of shares of our common stock equal to 20% of the total number of shares of our
common stock outstanding as of December 19, 2012.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.5pt">6.</TD><TD>To ratify the appointment of Hein &amp; Associates LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending
December 31, 2013.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 36pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.5pt">7.</TD><TD>To transact such other business as may properly come before the Annual Meeting or any adjournment(s) or postponement(s) thereof.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">All stockholders of record at the close
of business on April 19, 2013 are entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting and any adjournment(s) or postponement(s)
thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We cordially invite all stockholders to
attend the Annual Meeting in person. Whether or not you plan to attend, it is important that your shares be represented and voted
at the meeting. As an alternative to voting in person at the Annual Meeting, you can vote your shares electronically over the Internet,
or if you receive a proxy card or voting instruction form in the mail, by mailing the completed proxy card or voting instruction
form.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>For admission to the Annual Meeting,
each stockholder may be asked to present valid picture identification, such as a driver&rsquo;s license or passport, and proof
of ownership of our capital stock as of the record date, such as the enclosed proxy card or a brokerage statement reflecting stock
ownership.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P><P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 5in"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">By Order of the Board of Directors,</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 4.8in"><IMG SRC="image_001.gif" ALT=""><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">&nbsp;</FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 5in"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">William
L. Jones,</FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">Chairman of the Board</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: 5in"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">Sacramento, California</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">April 29, 2013</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>YOUR VOTE IS VERY IMPORTANT REGARDLESS OF THE NUMBER OF SHARES
YOU OWN. PLEASE READ THE ATTACHED PROXY STATEMENT CAREFULLY. TO ENSURE YOUR REPRESENTATION AT THE ANNUAL MEETING PLEASE PROMPTLY
SUBMIT YOUR PROXY OR VOTING INSTRUCTION ELECTRONICALLY OVER THE INTERNET OR BY TELEPHONE, OR IF YOU RECEIVE A PAPER PROXY CARD
OR VOTING INSTRUCTION FORM, YOU MAY MAIL THE COMPLETED PROXY CARD OR VOTING INSTRUCTION FORM IN THE ENCLOSED POSTAGE-PAID ENVELOPE.
</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PROXY STATEMENT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>FOR THE 2013 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>JUNE 18, 2013</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">__________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>TABLE OF CONTENTS</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><B>Page</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 95%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Voting and Proxy</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Proposal One&mdash;Election of Directors</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Information About Our Board of Directors, Board Committees and Related Matters</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Proposal Two&mdash;Advisory Vote On Executive Compensation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">18</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Proposal Three&mdash;Advisory Vote on the Frequency of the Vote on Executive Compensation</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">19</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Proposal Four&mdash;Approval of Amendment to 2006 Stock Incentive Plan</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">20</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Proposal Five&mdash;Issuance of Shares of Common Stock in Financing Transaction</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">32</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Proposal Six&mdash;Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">38</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other Matters</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">38</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Audit Matters</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">39</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">41</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">43</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Equity Compensation Plan Information</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">43</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Executive Compensation and Related Information</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">44</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Executive Officers</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">44</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Summary Compensation Table</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">45</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End &ndash; 2012</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">48</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Certain Relationships and Related Transactions</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">49</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other Information</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">56</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.25in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.25in 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>APPENDICES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 22.3pt 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 95%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">APPENDIX A &ndash; 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (As Amended through June 18, 2013)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">A-1</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 65pt; text-indent: -65pt"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">APPENDIX B &ndash; Securities Purchase Agreement dated March 28, 2013 by and among Pacific Ethanol, Inc. and the investors listed on the Schedule of Buyers thereto</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">B-1</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">APPENDIX C &ndash; Form of Convertible Notes</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">C-1</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">APPENDIX D &ndash; Base Indenture</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">D-1</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">APPENDIX E &ndash; Form of First and Second Supplemental Indentures</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">E-1</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">APPENDIX F &ndash; Form of Warrants</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">F-1</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 22.3pt 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 31.5pt 0pt 76.5pt; text-indent: -76.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 31.5pt 0pt 76.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>400
Capitol Mall, Suite 2060</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Sacramento,
California 95814</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PROXY STATEMENT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>FOR THE 2013 ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">__________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Voting and
Proxy</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">This Proxy Statement is being furnished
in connection with the solicitation of proxies by our Board of Directors (&ldquo;Board&rdquo;) for use at the 2013 annual meeting
(&ldquo;Annual Meeting&rdquo;) of stockholders to be held on Tuesday, June 18, 2013, at 9:00 a.m., local time, at<U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</U>,
Sacramento, California 95814, and at any adjournment(s) or postponement(s) of the Annual Meeting. We are providing this Proxy Statement
and the accompanying proxy card to our stockholders on or about April 29, 2013. Our stockholders are invited to attend the Annual
Meeting and are requested to vote on the proposals described in this Proxy Statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A copy of our Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2012 is provided concurrently with this Proxy Statement (or made available electronically, for
stockholders who elected to access these materials over the Internet) to all stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at
the Annual Meeting. The Annual Report is not to be regarded as proxy soliciting material or as a communication through which any
solicitation of proxies is made.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>What items will be voted on at the Annual
Meeting?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Stockholders will vote on six items at the
Annual Meeting:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-indent: -1in">Proposal 1 &ndash;&#9;Election
to our Board of the seven nominees named in this Proxy Statement;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-indent: -1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.2in; text-indent: -0.7in">Proposal 2 &ndash;&#9;A non-binding
advisory vote to approve our executive compensation (&ldquo;say-on-pay&rdquo;);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-indent: -1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.2in; text-indent: -0.7in">Proposal 3 &ndash;&#9;A non-binding
advisory vote <FONT STYLE="color: black">on the frequency of future advisory votes to approve our executive compensation;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-indent: -1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.2in; text-indent: -0.7in"><FONT STYLE="color: black">Proposal
4 &ndash;&#9;</FONT>A proposal to amend our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (the &ldquo;2006 Plan&rdquo;) to increase the number of shares
of common stock authorized for issuance under the 2006 Plan;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-indent: -1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.2in; text-indent: -0.7in">Proposal 5 &ndash;&#9;A proposal
to authorize, for purposes of complying with NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d), us to issue, under the terms of that certain Securities
Purchase Agreement dated March 28, 2013 by and among Pacific Ethanol, Inc. and the investors listed on the Schedule of Buyers thereto
(&ldquo;Securities Purchase Agreement&rdquo;), and related documents, in excess of that number of shares of our common stock equal
to 20% of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of December 19, 2012; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-indent: -1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.2in; text-indent: -0.7in">Proposal 6 &ndash;&#9;Ratification
of the appointment of Hein &amp; Associates LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2013.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-indent: -1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-indent: -1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-indent: -1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>What are the Board&rsquo;s Voting Recommendations?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Board recommends that you vote your
shares as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Proposal 1 &ndash;&#9;&ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo;
each of the nominees to our Board;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Proposal 2 &ndash;&#9;&ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo;
the approval of our executive compensation (&ldquo;say-on-pay&rdquo;);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.2in; text-indent: -0.7in">Proposal 3 &ndash;&#9;&ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo;
for the approval of a triennial advisory vote on executive compensation;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.2in; text-indent: -0.7in">Proposal 4 &ndash;&#9;&ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo;
the proposal to amend our 2006 Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the 2006 Plan;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-indent: -1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.2in; text-indent: -0.7in">Proposal 5 &ndash;&#9;&ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo;
the proposal to authorize, for purposes of complying with NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d), us to issue, in connection with the terms
of the Securities Purchase Agreement and related documents, in excess of that number of shares of our common stock equal to 20%
of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding as of December 19, 2012; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-indent: -1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.2in; text-indent: -0.7in">Proposal 6 &ndash;&#9;&ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo;
the ratification of the appointment of Hein &amp; Associates LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2013.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-indent: -1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Who is entitled to vote?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">To be able to vote, you must have been a
stockholder on April 19, 2013, the record date for determination of stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual
Meeting. As of the record date,<U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</U>shares
of our common stock, par value $0.001 per share (&ldquo;common stock&rdquo;), and 926,942 shares of our Series B Cumulative Convertible
Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (&ldquo;Series B Preferred Stock&rdquo;), were issued and outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>How many votes do I have?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Holders of common stock and Series B Preferred
Stock will vote at the Annual Meeting as a single class on all matters. Each holder of common stock is entitled to one vote per
share held, and each holder of Series B Preferred Stock is entitled to approximately 0.43 votes per share held. As a result, a
total of<U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</U>votes
may be cast at the Annual Meeting, of which holders of common stock will be entitled to cast<U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</U>votes
and holders of Series B Preferred Stock will be entitled to cast 397,261 votes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>What is a quorum?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">For business to be conducted at the Annual
Meeting, a quorum must be present. The presence at the Annual Meeting, either in person or by proxy, of holders of shares of outstanding
common stock and Series B Preferred Stock entitled to vote and representing at least a majority of our outstanding voting power
will constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Accordingly, shares representing <U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</U>votes
must be present in person or by proxy at the Annual Meeting to constitute a quorum.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Abstentions and broker non-votes will be
counted for the purpose of determining whether a quorum is present for the transaction of business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If a quorum is not present, the Annual Meeting
will be adjourned until a quorum is obtained.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>What are abstentions and broker non-votes?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">An &ldquo;abstention&rdquo; is the voluntary
act of not voting by a stockholder who is present at a meeting in person or by proxy and entitled to vote. &ldquo;Broker non-votes&rdquo;
refers to shares held by a brokerage firm or other nominee (for the benefit of its client) that are represented at the meeting,
but with respect to which such broker or nominee is not instructed to vote on a particular proposal and does not have discretionary
authority to vote on that proposal.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If you are a beneficial owner whose shares
are held in street name and you do not submit voting instructions to your broker, your broker may generally vote your shares in
its discretion on routine matters. We believe that Proposal Six is routine and may be voted on by your broker if you do not submit
voting instructions. However, pursuant to rules of The NASDAQ Stock Market (&ldquo;NASDAQ&rdquo;), brokers do not have the discretion
to vote their clients&rsquo; shares on non-routine matters, unless the broker receives voting instructions from the beneficial
owner. Proposals One through Five are considered non-routine matters. Consequently, if your shares are held in street name, you
must provide your broker with instructions on how to vote your shares in order for your shares to be voted on Proposals One through
Five.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>What are the general effects of abstentions
and broker non-votes?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Brokers who hold shares for the accounts
of their clients may vote such shares either as directed by their clients or in their own discretion as permitted under the listing
rules of NASDAQ. For purposes of the Annual Meeting, brokers or nominees are permitted to vote their clients&rsquo; proxies in
their own discretion as to the ratification of the appointment of our independent registered public accounting firm if the clients
have not furnished voting instructions within 10 days of the meeting. Certain proposals other than the ratification of the appointment
of the independent registered public accounting firm, such as the election of directors, are &ldquo;non-discretionary&rdquo; and
brokers or nominees who have received no instructions from their clients do not have discretion to vote on those items. Abstentions
and broker non-votes will not be counted as a vote &ldquo;for&rdquo; or &ldquo;against&rdquo; any matter, though in certain cases
abstentions will have the same effect as votes against a matter as they will be counted toward the tabulation of votes present
or represented on the matter. Broker non-votes will not be counted as shares entitled to vote and accordingly will not affect the
outcome with respect to any matter to be voted on at the Annual Meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Please note that the rules regarding
how brokers may vote your shares have changed. Brokers may not vote your shares on the election of directors in the absence of
your specific instructions as to how to vote, thus we strongly encourage you to provide instructions to your broker regarding the
voting of your shares you hold in &ldquo;street name&rdquo; or through a broker or other nominee.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>What vote is required to approve each proposal?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Proposal&nbsp;One</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The seven nominees receiving the highest
number of affirmative votes of the outstanding shares of common stock and Series B Preferred Stock, voting together as a single
class, present at the Annual Meeting in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote, will be elected as directors to serve
until the next annual meeting of stockholders and/or until their successors are duly elected and qualified. Abstentions will have
no effect on the outcome of the election of nominees for director. Should any nominee(s) become unavailable to serve before the
Annual Meeting, the proxies will be voted by the proxy holders for such other person(s) as may be designated by our Board or for
such lesser number of nominees as may be prescribed by the Board. Votes cast for the election of any nominee who has become unavailable
will be disregarded.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Proposals Two and Three</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Under Proposal Two, our stockholders will
have an advisory vote on executive compensation as described in this Proxy Statement (commonly referred to as &ldquo;say-on-pay&rdquo;).
Under Proposal Three, stockholders may vote for say-on-pay advisory votes to occur every one, two or three years, or may abstain
from voting. The votes under Proposals Two and Three are, however, only advisory in nature, and the outcome of stockholder votes
on Proposals Two and Three will not be binding upon us, or our Compensation Committee or full Board. However, our Compensation
Committee and our full Board will consider the results of the votes when making future decisions regarding our executive compensation
policies and practices and in determining the frequency of future say-on-pay votes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Proposals Four, Five and Six</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The affirmative vote of a majority of the
votes of the shares of our common stock and Series B Preferred Stock, voting together as a single class, present at the Annual
Meeting in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote, is required for approval of these proposals. Abstentions will be
counted toward the tabulation of votes present or represented on these proposals and will have the same effect as votes against
these proposals.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>How do I vote?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If you are a &ldquo;registered holder,&rdquo;
that is, your shares are registered in your own name through our transfer agent, and you are viewing this proxy over the Internet
you may vote electronically over the Internet. For those stockholders who receive a paper proxy in the mail, you may also vote
electronically over the Internet or by telephone or by completing and mailing the proxy card provided. The website identified in
the proxy card provides specific instructions on how to vote electronically over the Internet. Those stockholders who receive a
paper proxy by mail, and who elect to vote by mail, should complete and return the mailed proxy card in the prepaid and addressed
envelope that was enclosed with the proxy materials.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If your shares are held in &ldquo;street
name,&rdquo; that is, your shares are held in the name of a brokerage firm, bank or other nominee, you will receive instructions
from your record holder that must be followed for your record holder to vote your shares per your instructions. If you receive
paper copies of our proxy materials from your brokerage firm, bank or other nominee, you will also receive a voting instruction
form. Please complete and return the enclosed voting instruction form in the addressed, postage paid envelope provided.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Stockholders who have previously elected
to access our proxy materials and annual report electronically over the Internet will continue to receive an email, referred to
in this Proxy Statement as an email notice, with information on how to access the proxy information and voting instructions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Only proxy cards and voting instruction
forms that have been signed, dated and timely returned and only proxies that have been timely voted electronically will be counted
in the quorum and voted. <I>The Internet and telephone voting facilities will close at 11:59&nbsp;p.m. Eastern Time, Monday, June
17, 2013.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Stockholders who vote over the Internet
or by telephone need not return a proxy card or voting instruction form by mail, but may incur costs, such as usage charges, from
telephone companies or Internet service providers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">You may also vote your shares in person
at the Annual Meeting. If you are a registered holder, you may request a ballot at the Annual Meeting. If your shares are held
in street name and you wish to vote in person at the meeting, you must obtain a proxy issued in your name from the record holder
(e.g., your broker) and bring it with you to the Annual Meeting. We recommend that you vote your shares in advance as described
above so that your vote will be counted if you later decide not to attend the Annual Meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>What if I receive more than one email notice,
proxy card or voting instruction form?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If you receive more than one email notice,
proxy card or voting instruction form because your shares are held in multiple accounts or registered in different names or addresses,
please vote your shares held in <I>each account </I>to ensure that all of your shares will be voted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Who will count the votes and how will my
vote(s) be counted?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">All votes will be tabulated by the inspector
of elections appointed for the Annual Meeting, who will separately tabulate affirmative and negative votes, abstentions and broker
non-votes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If your proxy is properly submitted, the
shares represented thereby will be voted at the Annual Meeting in accordance with your instructions. If you are a registered holder
and you do not specify how the shares represented thereby are to be voted, your shares will be voted &ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo; the
election of each of the seven nominees to our Board listed in the proxy, &ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo; the approval of each of Proposals
Two through Six, and in the discretion of the proxy holder(s) as to any other matters that may properly come before the Annual
Meeting or any adjournment(s) or postponement(s) of the Annual Meeting, as well as any procedural matters.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Can I change my vote after I have voted?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If your shares are registered in your name,
you may revoke or change your vote at any time before the Annual Meeting by voting again electronically over the Internet or telephone,
or by filing a notice of revocation or another proxy card with a later date with our Secretary at Pacific Ethanol, Inc., 400 Capitol
Mall, Suite 2060, Sacramento, California 95814. If you are a registered stockholder and attend the Annual Meeting and vote by ballot,
any proxy that you submitted previously to vote the same shares will be revoked automatically and only your vote at the Annual
Meeting will be counted. If your shares are held in street name, you should contact the record holder to obtain instructions if
you wish to revoke or change your vote before the Annual Meeting. Please note that if your shares are held in street name, your
vote in person at the Annual Meeting will not be effective unless you have obtained and present a proxy issued in your name from
the record holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Who will bear the cost of soliciting proxies?</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We will pay the expenses of soliciting proxies
for the Annual Meeting, including the cost of preparing, assembling and mailing the proxy solicitation materials. Proxies may be
solicited personally, by mail or by telephone, or by our directors, officers and regular employees who will not be additionally
compensated. If you choose to access the proxy materials and/or vote over the Internet, you are responsible for Internet access
charges you may incur. If you choose to vote by telephone, you are responsible for telephone charges you may incur.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We have hired Georgeson Inc. to assist us
in the distribution of proxy materials and the solicitation of votes described above. We will pay Georgeson Inc. a base fee of
$9,500 plus customary costs and expenses for these services. We have agreed to indemnify Georgeson Inc. against certain liabilities
arising out of or in connection with its agreement to assist us with distributing proxy materials and soliciting votes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The matters to be considered and acted upon
at the Annual Meeting are referred to in the preceding notice and are discussed below more fully.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Proposal
One<BR>
<BR>
Election of Directors</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our bylaws provide for seven directors unless
otherwise changed by resolution of our Board. Directors are elected annually and hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders
and/or until their respective successors are duly elected and qualified. Stockholders who desire to nominate any person for election
to our Board must comply with our bylaws, including our advance notice bylaw provisions relating to the nomination of persons for
election to our Board. See &ldquo;Information about our Board of Directors, Board Committees and Related Matters&mdash;Board Committees
and Meetings, Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee&rdquo; below. It is intended that the proxies solicited by our Board
will be voted &ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo; election of the following seven nominees unless a contrary instruction is made on the proxy:
William L. Jones, Neil M. Koehler, Terry L. Stone, John L. Prince, Douglas L. Kieta, Larry D. Layne and Michael D. Kandris. If,
for any reason, one or more of the nominees is unavailable as a candidate for director, an event that is not expected, the person
named in the proxy will vote for another candidate or candidates nominated by our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee.
However, under no circumstances may a proxy be voted in favor of a greater number of persons than the number of nominees named
above. All of the nominees for director are, at present, directors of Pacific Ethanol and have been nominated by our Nominating
and Corporate Governance Committee and ratified by our full Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Required Vote of Stockholders</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The seven nominees receiving the highest
number of affirmative votes of the outstanding shares of our common stock and Series B Preferred Stock, voting together as a single
class, present at the Annual Meeting in person or by proxy and entitled to vote, will be elected as directors to serve until the
next annual meeting of stockholders and/or until their successors are duly elected and qualified. Votes against a candidate, abstentions
and broker non-votes will be counted for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present for this proposal, but will not be
included in the vote totals for this proposal and, therefore, will have no effect on the vote.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Recommendation of the Board of Directors</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">OUR
BOARD unanimously recommends a vote &ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo; the election of EACH OF the SEVEN director nominees listed above.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Information
About Our Board of Directors,<BR>
Board Committees and Related Matters</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Directors and Director Nominees</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table sets forth certain information
regarding our directors and director nominees as of April __, 2013:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%; padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>Name</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>Age</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 59%; padding-top: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>Position(s) Held</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt">William L. Jones<SUP>(1)</SUP>&#9;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; text-align: center; padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">63</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">Chairman of the Board, Director and Director Nominee</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt">Neil M. Koehler&#9;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">55</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">Chief Executive Officer, President, Director and Director Nominee</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt">Michael D. Kandris&#9;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">65</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">Chief Operating Officer, Director and Director Nominee</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt">Terry L. Stone<SUP>(2)</SUP>&#9;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">63</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">Director and Director Nominee</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt">John L. Prince<SUP>(3)</SUP>&#9;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">70</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">Director and Director Nominee</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt">Douglas L. Kieta<SUP>(3)</SUP>&#9;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">70</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">Director and Director Nominee</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt">Larry D. Layne<SUP>(4)</SUP>&#9;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt; padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">72</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">Director and Director Nominee</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">(1)&#9;Member of the Audit
Committee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">(2)&#9;Member of the Audit
and Compensation Committees.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">(3)&#9;Member of the Compensation
and Nominating and Governance Committees.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">(4)&#9;Member of the Audit, Compensation and Nominating and Governance Committees.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.5pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Experience and Background</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The biographies below describe the skills,
qualities and attributes and business experience of each of our directors, including the capacities in which they served during
the past five years:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>William L. Jones</I></B> has served
as Chairman of the Board and as a director since March 2005. Mr. Jones is a co-founder of Pacific Ethanol California, Inc., or
PEI California, which is one of our predecessors, and served as Chairman of the Board of PEI California since its formation in
January 2003 through March 2004, when he stepped off the board of directors of PEI California to focus on his candidacy for one
of California&rsquo;s United States Senate seats. Mr. Jones was California&rsquo;s Secretary of State from 1995 to 2003. Since
May 2002, Mr. Jones has also been the owner of Tri-J Land &amp; Cattle, a diversified farming and cattle company in Fresno County,
California. Mr. Jones has a B.A. degree in Agribusiness and Plant Sciences from California State University, Fresno.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Mr. Jones&rsquo;s qualifications to serve
on our Board include:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>co-founder of PEI California;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>knowledge gained through his extensive work as our Chairman since our inception in 2005;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>extensive knowledge of and experience in the agricultural and feed industries, as well as a deep understanding of operations
in political environments; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>background as an owner of a farming company in California, and his previous role in the California state government.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>Neil M. Koehler</I></B> has served
as Chief Executive Officer, President and as a director since March 2005. Mr. Koehler is a co-founder of PEI California and served
as its Chief Executive Officer since its formation in January 2003 and as a member of its board of directors from March 2004 until
its dissolution in March 2012. Prior to his association with PEI California, Mr. Koehler was the co-founder and General Manager
of Parallel Products, one of the first ethanol production facilities in California, which was sold to a public company in 1997.
Mr. Koehler was also the sole manager and sole limited liability company member of Kinergy Marketing, LLC, which he founded in
September 2000, and which is one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries. Mr. Koehler has over 30 years of experience in the ethanol production,
sales and marketing industry in the Western United States. Mr. Koehler is a Director of the California Renewable Fuels Partnership,
a Director of the Renewable Fuels Association and is a nationally-recognized speaker on the production and marketing of renewable
fuels. Mr. Koehler also served as an executive officer of our plant subsidiaries at the time they filed for protection under the
United States Bankruptcy Code in 2009. Mr. Koehler has a B.A. degree in Government from Pomona College.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s qualifications to serve
on our Board include:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>day-to-day leadership experience as our current President and Chief Executive Officer provides Mr. Koehler with intimate knowledge
of our operations;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>extensive knowledge of and experience in the ethanol production, sales and marketing industry, particularly in the Western
United States;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>prior leadership experience with other companies in the ethanol industry; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>day-to-day leadership experience affords a deep understanding of business operations, challenges and opportunities.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>Michael D. Kandris</I></B> has served
as a director since June 2008 and as our Chief Operating Officer since January 6, 2013. Mr. Kandris served as an independent contractor
with supervisory responsibility for ethanol plant operations, under the direction of our Chief Executive Officer, from January
1, 2012 to January 5, 2013. Mr. Kandris was President, Western Division of Ruan Transportation Management Systems from November
2007 until his retirement in September 2009. From January 2000 to November 2007, Mr. Kandris served as President and Chief Operating
Officer of Ruan Transportation Management Systems, where he had overall responsibility for all operations, finance and administrative
functions. Mr. Kandris has 30 years of experience in all modes of transportation and logistics. Mr. Kandris served on the Executive
Committee of the American Trucking Association and as a board member for the National Tank Truck Organization until his retirement
from Ruan Transportation Management Systems in September 2009. Mr. Kandris has a B.S. degree in Business from California State
University, Hayward.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Mr. Kandris&rsquo; qualifications to serve
on our Board include:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>extensive experience in various executive leadership positions;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>extensive experience in rail and truck transportation and logistics; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>day-to-day leadership experience affords a deep understanding of business operations, challenges and opportunities.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>Terry L. Stone</I></B> has served
as a director since March 2005. Mr. Stone is a Certified Public Accountant with over thirty years of experience in accounting and
taxation. He has been the owner of his own accountancy firm since 1990 and has provided accounting and taxation services to a wide
range of industries, including agriculture, manufacturing, retail, equipment leasing, professionals and not-for-profit organizations.
Mr. Stone has served as a part-time instructor at California State University, Fresno, teaching classes in taxation, auditing and
financial and management accounting. Mr. Stone is also a financial advisor and franchisee of Ameriprise Financial Services, Inc.
Mr. Stone has a B.S. degree in Accounting from California State University, Fresno.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Mr. Stone&rsquo;s qualifications to serve
on our Board include:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>extensive experience with financial accounting and tax matters;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>recognized expertise as an instructor of taxation, auditing and financial and management accounting;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>&ldquo;audit committee financial expert,&rdquo; as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission, and satisfies the &ldquo;financial
sophistication&rdquo; requirements of NASDAQ&rsquo;s listing standards; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>ability to communicate and encourage discussion, together with his experience as a senior independent director of all Board
committees on which he serves make him an effective chairman of our Audit Committee.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>John L. Prince</I></B> has served
as a director since July 2005. Mr. Prince is retired but also works as a consultant to Ruan Transport Corp. and other companies.
Mr. Prince was an Executive Vice President with Land O&rsquo; Lakes, Inc. from July 1998 until his retirement in 2004. Prior to
that time, Mr. Prince was President and Chief Executive Officer of Dairyman&rsquo;s Cooperative Creamery Association located in
Tulare, California, until its merger with Land O&rsquo; Lakes, Inc. in July 1998. Land O&rsquo; Lakes, Inc. is a farmer-owned,
national branded organization based in Minnesota with annual sales in excess of $6 billion and membership and operations in over
30 states. Prior to joining the Dairyman&rsquo;s Cooperative Creamery Association, Mr. Prince was President and Chief Executive
Officer for nine years until 1994, and was Operations Manager for the preceding ten years commencing in 1975, of the Alto Dairy
Cooperative in Waupun, Wisconsin. Mr. Prince has a B.A. degree in Business Administration from the University of Northern Iowa.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Mr. Prince&rsquo;s qualifications to serve
on our Board include:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>extensive experience in various executive leadership positions;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>day-to-day leadership experience affords a deep understanding of business operations, challenges and opportunities; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>ability to communicate and encourage discussion helps Mr. Prince discharge his duties effectively as chairman of our Nominating
and Corporate Governance Committee.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>Douglas L. Kieta</I></B> has served
as a director since April 2006. Mr. Kieta is currently retired. Prior to retirement in January 2009, Mr. Kieta was employed by
BE&amp;K, Inc., a large engineering and construction company headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama, where he served as the Vice
President of Power from May 2006 to January 2009. From April 1999 to April 2006, Mr. Kieta was employed at Calpine Corporation
where he was the Senior Vice President of Construction and Engineering. Calpine Corporation is a major North American power company
which leases and operates integrated systems of fuel-efficient natural gas-fired and renewable geothermal power plants and delivers
clean, reliable and fuel-efficient electricity to customers and communities in 21 states and three Canadian provinces. Mr. Kieta
has a B.S. degree in Civil Engineering from Clarkson University and a Master&rsquo;s degree in Civil Engineering from Cornell University.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Mr. Kieta&rsquo;s qualifications to serve
on our Board include:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>extensive experience in various leadership positions;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>day-to-day leadership experience affords a deep understanding of business operations, challenges and opportunities; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>service with Calpine affords a deep understanding of large-scale construction and engineering projects as well as plant operations,
which is particularly relevant to our ethanol production facility operations.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>Larry D. Layne</I></B> has served
as a director since December 2007. Mr. Layne joined First Western Bank in 1963 and served in various capacities with First Western
Bank and its acquiror, Lloyds Bank of California, and Lloyd&rsquo;s acquiror, Sanwa Bank, until his retirement in 2000. Sanwa Bank
was subsequently acquired by Bank of the West. From 1999 to 2000, Mr. Layne was Vice Chairman of Sanwa Bank in charge of its Commercial
Banking Group which encompassed all of Sanwa Bank&rsquo;s 38 commercial and business banking centers and 12 Pacific Rim branches
as well as numerous internal departments. From 1997 to 2000, Mr. Layne was also Chairman of the Board of The Eureka Funds, a mutual
fund family of five separate investment funds with total assets of $900,000,000. From 1996 to 2000, Mr. Layne was Group Executive
Vice President of the Relationship Banking Group of Sanwa Bank in charge of its 107 branches and 13 commercial banking centers
as well as numerous internal departments. Mr. Layne has also served in various capacities with many industry and community organizations,
including as Director and Chairman of the Board of the Agricultural Foundation at California State University, Fresno; Chairman
of the Audit Committee of the Ag. Foundation at California State University, Fresno; board member of the Fresno Metropolitan Flood
Control District; and Chairman of the Ag Lending Committee of the California Bankers Association. Mr. Layne has a B.S. degree in
Dairy Husbandry from California State University, Fresno and is a graduate of the California Agriculture Leadership Program.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Mr. Layne&rsquo;s qualifications to serve
on our Board include:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>extensive experience in various leadership positions;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>day-to-day leadership experience affords a deep understanding of business operations, challenges and opportunities;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>experience and involvement in California industry and community organizations provides a useful perspective; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>ability to communicate and encourage discussion helps Mr. Layne discharge his duties effectively as chairman of our Compensation
Committee.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Relationships</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">There are no family relationships among
our directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Corporate Governance</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Corporate Governance Guidelines</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Board believes that good corporate governance
is paramount to ensure that Pacific Ethanol is managed for the long-term benefit of our stockholders. Our Board has adopted corporate
governance guidelines that guide its actions with respect to, among other things, the composition of the Board and its decision
making processes, Board meetings and involvement of management, the Board&rsquo;s standing committees and procedures for appointing
members of the committees, and its performance evaluation of our Chief Executive Officer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Board has adopted a Code of Ethics
that applies to all of our directors, officers and employees and an additional Code of Ethics that applies to our Chief Executive
Officer and senior financial officers. The Codes of Ethics, as applied to our principal executive officer, principal financial
officer and principal accounting officer constitutes our &ldquo;code of ethics&rdquo; within the meaning of Section 406 of the
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and is our &ldquo;code of conduct&rdquo; within the meaning of NASDAQ&rsquo;s listing standards. Our
Codes of Ethics are available at our website at <FONT STYLE="color: Blue"><U>http://www.pacificethanol.net.</U></FONT> Information
on our Internet website is not, and shall not be deemed to be, a part of this Proxy Statement or incorporated into any other filings
we make with the Securities and Exchange Commission.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Board Leadership Structure</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Chairman of our Board is William L.
Jones, who is a non-employee director. Our Chief Executive Officer is Neil M. Koehler. These individuals have served in those capacities
since our inception in 2005. Although we do not have a policy mandating the separation of the roles of Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer, our Board, under our corporate governance guidelines, reserves the right to determine the appropriate leadership structure
for our Board on a case-by-case basis. Our Board believes this separation remains appropriate as it allows our Chief Executive
Officer to focus on the day-to-day business matters, while the Chairman focuses on leading the Board in its responsibilities of
acting in the best interests of Pacific Ethanol and our stockholders. The Chairman of the Board is responsible for managing the
business of the Board, including setting the Board agenda (with Board and management input), facilitating communication among directors,
presiding at meetings of the Board and stockholders, sitting as chair at executive sessions at each regularly scheduled Board meeting,
and providing support and counsel to the Chief Executive Officer. We believe that this Board leadership structure is appropriate
in maximizing the effectiveness of our Board oversight and in providing perspective to our business that is independent from management.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Risk Oversight</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Board has an active role, as a whole
and also at the committee level, in overseeing management of Pacific Ethanol&rsquo;s risks. Our Board regularly reviews information
regarding our credit, liquidity and operations, as well as the risks associated with each of these areas. Our Compensation Committee
is responsible for overseeing the management of risks relating to our executive compensation plans and arrangements. Our Audit
Committee oversees management of financial risks, including internal controls. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
manages risks associated with the independence of members of our Board and potential conflicts of interest. While each committee
is responsible for evaluating certain risks and overseeing the management of such risks, our entire Board is regularly informed
through committee reports about such risks.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Director Independence</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our corporate governance guidelines provide
that a majority of the Board and all members of our Audit, Compensation and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committees shall
be independent. On an annual basis, each director and executive officer is obligated to complete a Director and Officer Questionnaire
that requires disclosure of any transactions with Pacific Ethanol in which a director or executive officer, or any member of his
or her immediate family, have a direct or indirect material interest. Following completion of these questionnaires, the Board,
with the assistance of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, makes an annual determination as to the independence
of each director using the current standards for &ldquo;independence&rdquo; established by the Securities and Exchange Commission
and NASDAQ, additional criteria contained in our corporate governance guidelines and consideration of any other material relationship
a director may have with Pacific Ethanol.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Board has determined that all of its
directors are independent under these standards, except for Neil M.&nbsp;Koehler, who serves as our Chief Executive Officer and
President, and Michael D. Kandris, who serves as our Chief Operating Officer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Stockholder Communications with our Board of Directors</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Board has implemented a process by which
stockholders may send written communications directly to the attention of our Board or any individual member of our Board. The
Chairman of our Audit Committee, currently Terry L. Stone, is responsible for monitoring communications from stockholders and providing
copies of such communications to the other directors as he considers appropriate. Communications will be forwarded to all directors
if they relate to substantive matters and include suggestions or comments that the Chairman considers to be important for the directors
to consider. Stockholders who wish to communicate with our Board can write to Chairman of the Audit Committee, The Board of Directors,
Pacific Ethanol, Inc., 400 Capitol Mall, Suite 2060, Sacramento, California 95814.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Board Committees and Meetings</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our business, property and affairs are managed
under the direction of our Board. Our directors are kept informed of our business through discussions with our executive officers,
by reviewing materials provided to them and by participating in meetings of our Board and its committees. During 2012, our Board
held twenty meetings. All directors attended at least 75% of the aggregate of the meetings of our Board and of the committees on
which they served or that were held during the period they were directors or committee members, except Mr. Layne who attended eleven
of eighteen meetings of our Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">During 2012, members of our Board and its
committees consulted informally with management from time to time and also acted by written consent without a meeting. Additionally,
the independent members of our Board met in executive session regularly without the presence of management.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">It is our policy to invite and encourage
our directors to attend our annual meetings. At the date of our 2012 annual meeting, we had seven members on our Board, all of
who were in attendance at the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Board has established standing Audit,
Compensation and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committees. Each committee operates pursuant to a written charter that has
been approved by our Board and the corresponding committee and that is reviewed annually and revised as appropriate. Each charter
is available at our website at <FONT STYLE="color: Blue"><U>http://www.pacificethanol.net</U></FONT>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Audit Committee</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Audit Committee selects our independent
auditors, reviews the results and scope of the audit and other services provided by our independent auditors, reviews our financial
statements for each interim period and for the full year and implements and manages our enterprise risk management program. The
Audit Committee also has the authority to retain consultants, and other advisors. Messrs. Stone, Prince and Layne served on our
Audit Committee for all of 2012. Mr. Jones was appointed to, and Mr. Prince rotated off of, our Audit Committee on March 21, 2013.
Our Board has determined that each member of the Audit Committee is &ldquo;independent&rdquo; under the current NASDAQ listing
standards and satisfies the other requirements under NASDAQ listing standards and Securities and Exchange Commission rules regarding
audit committee membership. Our Board has determined that Mr. Stone qualifies as an &ldquo;audit committee financial expert&rdquo;
under applicable Securities and Exchange Commission rules and regulations governing the composition of the Audit Committee, and
satisfies the &ldquo;financial sophistication&rdquo; requirements of NASDAQ&rsquo;s listing standards. During 2012, our Audit Committee
held eight meetings. The Audit Committee Report for 2012 can be found on page 40 of this Proxy Statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Compensation Committee</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Compensation Committee is responsible
for establishing and administering a compensation policy for executive officers and the compensation to be provided to our executive
officers, including, among other things, annual salaries and bonuses, stock options, stock grants, other stock-based awards, and
other incentive compensation arrangements. In addition, the Compensation Committee reviews the compensation philosophy and policies
and approves the salaries, bonuses and stock compensation arrangements for all other employees. Our Compensation Committee also
has the authority to administer our 2006 Plan with respect to grants to executive officers and directors, and also has authority
to make equity awards under our 2006 Plan to all other eligible individuals. However, our Board may retain, reassume or exercise
from time to time the power to administer our 2006 Plan. Equity awards made to members of the Compensation Committee must be authorized
and approved by a disinterested majority of our Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">The Compensation
Committee evaluates both performance and compensation to ensure that the total compensation paid to our executive officers is fair,
reasonable and competitive so that we can attract and retain superior employees in key positions. The Compensation Committee believes
that compensation packages offered to our executives, including the named executive officers, should include both cash and equity-based
compensation that reward performance as measured against established goals. The Compensation Committee has the authority to retain
consultants and other advisors, and in furtherance of the foregoing objectives, our Compensation Committee in 2007 engaged Hewitt
Associates LLC, a global human resources consulting firm (&ldquo;Aon Hewitt&rdquo;), to conduct a review of our total compensation
program for the named executive officers and other executives. From that review, Aon Hewitt provided our Compensation Committee
with relevant market data and alternatives to consider when making compensation decisions as to the named executive officers and
when making compensation decisions as to other executives. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">In making
compensation decisions for 2012, our Compensation Committee compared each element of total compensation to market data that Aon
Hewitt prepared in 2007, augmented by additional market data from two primary sources: (i) updated market data for certain positions
obtained from Aon Hewitt; and (ii) market data obtained from a database provided by Equilar, Inc., which aggregates information
from proxy statements and other documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission to analyze compensation data (including
base salary, bonus compensation and equity awards). In addition, our Compensation Committee utilized the Equilar, Inc. database
to develop a compensation peer group and to compile data for benchmarking compensation for our executives and our Board members
against our peer group. To the extent considered necessary, our Compensation Committee may reengage Aon Hewitt, or may use the
data previously obtained, augmented by market data obtained by Equilar, Inc. as a reference point for future compensation decisions.
Our Compensation Committee generally expects to set total compensation for the named executive officers at the median of compensation
paid to similarly situated executives of the companies comprising the market data provided to us by compensation consultants, Aon
Hewitt and other sources such as Equilar, Inc. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Messrs. Layne, Kieta and Stone served on
our Compensation Committee for all of 2012. Mr. Prince was appointed to our Compensation Committee on December 13, 2012. Our Board
has determined that each member of the Compensation Committee is &ldquo;independent&rdquo; under the current NASDAQ listing standards.
During 2012, our Compensation Committee held four meetings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Nominating and Corporate Governance
Committee</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Nominating and Corporate Governance
Committee considers and reports periodically to the Board on matters related to the identification, selection and qualification
of Board members and candidates nominated to the Board. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee also advises and makes
recommendations to the Board with respect to corporate governance matters. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee also
has the authority to retain consultants, and other advisors. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee consisted of Messrs.
Prince, Kieta and Layne for all of 2012. Our Board has determined that each member of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
is &ldquo;independent&rdquo; under the current NASDAQ listing standards. During 2012, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
held one meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Nominating and Corporate Governance
Committee will consider candidates for director recommended by any stockholder that is the beneficial owner of shares representing
more than 1.0% of the then-outstanding shares of our common stock and who has beneficially owned those shares for at least one
year. The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will evaluate those recommendations by applying its regular nominee criteria
and considering the additional information described in the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee&rsquo;s charter. Stockholders
who desire to recommend candidates for the Board for evaluation may do so by contacting Pacific Ethanol in writing, identifying
the potential candidate and providing background and other relevant information. Stockholders must also comply with our bylaws,
including our advance notice bylaw provisions relating to the nomination of persons for election to our Board that, among other
things, require that nominations of persons for election to our Board at annual meetings be submitted to our Secretary at Pacific
Ethanol, Inc., 400 Capitol Mall, Suite 2060, Sacramento, California 95814, unless otherwise notified, by the close of business
on the 45<SUP>th</SUP> day before the first anniversary of the date on which we first mailed our proxy materials for the prior
year&rsquo;s annual meeting. We first mailed our proxy materials for our 2012 annual meeting on or about October 24, 2012 and anticipate
mailing our proxy materials for our Annual Meeting on or about April 29, 2013. We have received no stockholder nominations of persons
for election to our Board for our Annual Meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Nominating and Corporate Governance
Committee utilizes a variety of methods for identifying and evaluating nominees for director. Candidates may also come to the attention
of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee through current Board members, professional search firms and other persons.
In evaluating potential candidates, our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee will take into account a number of factors,
including, among others, the following:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the candidate&rsquo;s independence from management;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>whether the candidate has relevant business experience;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>judgment, skill, integrity and reputation;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>existing commitments to other businesses;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>corporate governance background;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>financial and accounting background, to enable the committee to determine whether the candidate would be suitable for Audit
Committee membership; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the size and composition of our Board.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Nominating and Corporate Governance
Committee is committed to actively seeking out highly qualified women and minority groups to include in the pool from which Board
nominees are chosen.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Compensation of Directors</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We use a combination of cash and equity-based
incentive compensation to attract and retain qualified candidates to serve on our Board. In setting the compensation of directors,
we consider the significant amount of time that Board members spend in fulfilling their duties to Pacific Ethanol as well as the
experience level we require to serve on our Board. The Board, through its Compensation Committee, annually reviews the compensation
and compensation policies for Board members. In recommending director compensation, the Compensation Committee is guided by the
following three goals:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>compensation should pay directors fairly for work required in a company of our size and scope;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>compensation should align directors&rsquo; interests with the long-term interests of our stockholders; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the structure of the compensation should be clearly disclosed to our stockholders.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition, as with our executive compensation,
in making compensation decisions as to our directors, our Compensation Committee compared our cash and equity compensation payable
to directors against market data obtained by Aon Hewitt in 2007 and market data obtained from survey data provided by Equilar,
Inc. The Aon Hewitt data included a general industry survey of 235 companies with less than $1,000,000,000 in annual revenues and
a general industry survey of 51 companies with between $500,000,000 and $1,000,000,000 in annual revenues. The data provided by
Equilar, Inc. included a survey of 20 companies in the chemicals sector with between $200,000,000 and $1,000,000,000 in annual
revenues. The Compensation Committee sets compensation for our directors at approximately the median of compensation paid to directors
of the companies surveyed by Aon Hewitt and Equilar, Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Cash Compensation</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our cash compensation plan for directors
provides the Chairman of our Board annual compensation of $80,000, the Chairman of our Audit Committee annual compensation of $42,000,
the Chairman of our Compensation Committee annual compensation of $36,000, the Chairman of our Nominating and Corporate Governance
Committee annual compensation of $36,000, the Chairman of our Operations and Feed Committee annual compensation of $36,000 and
the Chairman of our Strategic Transactions Committee annual compensation of $36,000. All other directors, except employee directors,
are to receive annual compensation of $24,000. These amounts are paid in advance in bi-weekly installments. In addition, directors
are reimbursed for specified reasonable and documented expenses in connection with attendance at meetings of our Board and its
committees. Employee directors do not receive director compensation in connection with their service as directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Equity Compensation</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Compensation Committee or our full Board
typically grants equity compensation to our newly elected or reelected directors which normally vests as to 100% of the grants
no later than one year after the date of grant. Vesting is normally subject to continued service on our Board during the full year.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In determining the amount of equity compensation,
the Compensation Committee determines the value of total compensation, approximately targeting the median of compensation paid
to directors of the companies comprising the market data provided to us by Aon Hewitt in 2007. The Compensation Committee then
determines the cash component based on this market data. The balance of the total compensation target is then allocated to equity
awards, and the number of shares to be granted to our directors is based on the estimated value of the underlying shares on the
expected grant date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition, our Compensation Committee
may grant, and has from time to time granted, additional equity compensation to directors at its discretion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Compensation of Employee Director</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Mr. Koehler was compensated as a full-time
employee and officer but received no additional compensation for service as a Board member during 2012. Information regarding the
compensation awarded to Mr. Koehler is included in &ldquo;Executive Compensation and Related Information&mdash;Summary Compensation
Table&rdquo; below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Director Compensation Table &ndash; 2012</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table summarizes the compensation
of our non-employee directors for the year ended December&nbsp;31, 2012:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">Name</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Fees Earned</B><BR> <B>or Paid in
                                                                                                  Cash</B><BR> <B>($)</B><SUP>(1)</SUP></P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">Stock <BR>Awards<BR> ($)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>All other</B></P>
                                                                                                  <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Compensation</B><BR> <B>($)</B><SUP>(2)</SUP></P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">Total<BR> ($)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 32%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">William L. Jones<SUP>(3)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">80,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">80,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">Terry L. Stone<SUP>(4)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">42,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">42,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">John L. Prince<SUP>(5)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">36,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">36,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">Douglas L. Kieta<SUP>(6)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">36,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">36,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">Larry D. Layne<SUP>(7)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">36,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">36,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">Michael D. Kandris<SUP>(8)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">36,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">239,135</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">(9)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">275,135</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid; width: 15%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 4.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(1)</TD><TD>For a description of annual director fees and fees for chair positions, see the disclosure above
under &ldquo;Compensation of Directors&mdash;Cash Compensation.&rdquo;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 4.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(2)</TD><TD>Except as contained in the table, the value of perquisites and other personal benefits was less
than $10,000 in aggregate for each director.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 4.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(3)</TD><TD>At December 31, 2012, Mr. Jones held 47,522 vested shares from stock awards and also held options
to purchase an aggregate of 7,143 shares of common stock.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 4.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(4)</TD><TD>At December 31, 2012, Mr. Stone held 33,878 vested shares from stock awards and also held options
to purchase an aggregate of 2,143 shares of common stock.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 4.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(5)</TD><TD>At December 31, 2012, Mr. Prince held 29,592 vested shares from stock awards and also held options
to purchase an aggregate of 2,143 shares of common stock.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 4.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(6)</TD><TD>At December 31, 2012, Mr. Kieta held 38,821 vested shares from stock awards.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 4.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(7)</TD><TD>At December 31, 2012, Mr. Layne held 34,535 vested shares from stock awards.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 4.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(8)</TD><TD>At December 31, 2012, Mr. Kandris held 33,878 vested shares from stock awards. On January
                                                              6, 2013, we entered into an Executive Employment Agreement with Mr. Kandris under which Mr. Kandris became our Chief
                                                              Operating Officer.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 4.5pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18pt">(9)</TD><TD>Represents payments we made to Mr. Kandris in consideration of consulting services provided to
us in 2012 under a consulting agreement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Indemnification of Directors and Officers</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation
Law permits a corporation to indemnify its directors and officers against expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement
actually and reasonably incurred in connection with a pending or completed action, suit or proceeding if the officer or director
acted in good faith and in a manner the officer or director reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our certificate of incorporation provides
that, except in certain specified instances, our directors shall not be personally liable to us or our stockholders for monetary
damages for breach of their fiduciary duty as directors, except liability for the following:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">any breach of their duty of loyalty to Pacific Ethanol or our stockholders;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation
of law;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">unlawful payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions as provided in Section
174 of the Delaware General Corporation Law; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition, our certificate of incorporation
and bylaws obligate us to indemnify our directors and officers against expenses and other amounts reasonably incurred in connection
with any proceeding arising from the fact that such person is or was an agent of ours. Our bylaws also authorize us to purchase
and maintain insurance on behalf of any of our directors or officers against any liability asserted against that person in that
capacity, whether or not we would have the power to indemnify that person under the provisions of the Delaware General Corporation
Law. We have entered and expect to continue to enter into agreements to indemnify our directors and officers as determined by our
Board. These agreements provide for indemnification of related expenses including attorneys&rsquo; fees, judgments, fines and settlement
amounts incurred by any of these individuals in any action or proceeding. We believe that these bylaw provisions and indemnification
agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified persons as directors and officers. We also maintain directors&rsquo; and
officers&rsquo; liability insurance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The limitation of liability and indemnification
provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against our directors
for breach of their fiduciary duty. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative litigation against our directors and officers,
even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and other stockholders. Furthermore, a stockholder&rsquo;s investment may
be adversely affected to the extent that we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers as required
by these indemnification provisions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Insofar as indemnification for liabilities
arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (&ldquo;Securities Act&rdquo;), may be permitted to our directors, officers
and controlling persons under the foregoing provisions of our certificate of incorporation or bylaws, or otherwise, we have been
informed that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, this indemnification is against public policy as expressed
in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><B>PROPOSAL TWO</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><B>ADVISORY VOTE ON EXECUTIVE
COMPENSATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We are providing our stockholders with the
opportunity to vote on a non-binding, advisory resolution to approve the compensation paid to our named executive officers, as
disclosed in this Proxy Statement pursuant to the compensation disclosure rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, including
the compensation tables and any narrative discussion of our compensation arrangements. This proposal, commonly known as a &ldquo;say-on-pay&rdquo;
proposal, gives our stockholders the opportunity to express their views on the compensation paid to our named executive officers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">This vote is not intended to address any
specific item of compensation, but rather the overall compensation of our named executive officers and the philosophy, policies
and practices described in this Proxy Statement. Accordingly, we will ask our shareholders to vote &ldquo;FOR&rdquo; the following
resolution at Annual Meeting:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0in">&ldquo;RESOLVED, that the compensation
paid to Pacific Ethanol&rsquo;s named executive officers, as disclosed in Pacific Ethanol&rsquo;s proxy statement for its 2013
annual meeting of stockholders pursuant to the compensation disclosure rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, including
the compensation tables and related disclosure, is hereby APPROVED.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Please read the Executive Compensation section
of this Proxy Statement for additional details about our executive compensation program and the different components thereof, including
information about the total compensation of our named executive officers in 2012.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The say-on-pay vote is advisory, and therefore
not binding on us, or our Compensation Committee or our Board. The vote will provide our Compensation Committee and our Board with
information relating to the opinions of our stockholders which the Compensation Committee will consider as it makes determinations
with respect to future action regarding executive compensation and our executive compensation program.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Recommendation of the Board of Directors</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">OUR BOARD UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE
&ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo; APPROVAL OF THE 2012 COMPENSATION PAID TO OUR NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AS DISCLOSED IN THIS PROXY STATEMENT
PURSUANT TO THE COMPENSATION DISCLOSURE RULES OF THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><B>PROPOSAL THREE</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><B>ADVISORY VOTE ON THE
FREQUENCY OF THE VOTE</B><BR>
<B>ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We are providing our stockholders with the
opportunity to cast a non-binding, advisory vote as to whether our stockholders&rsquo; say-on-pay vote should occur every one,
two or three years. In addition, stockholders may abstain from voting on this proposal.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We believe that every three years is the
optimal frequency for the say-on-pay vote for several reasons. Our compensation program is designed to incent performance over
the short term as well as the long term, therefore stockholder input on executive compensation would be most useful if the effectiveness
of our compensation program is evaluated and judged over a multi-year period. Additionally, a three-year vote cycle will provide
our Compensation Committee and our entire Board with sufficient time to consider the results of the advisory vote and to implement
any changes to our compensation practices. A three-year cycle will also provide sufficient time to implement any changes before
stockholders must again evaluate their effectiveness in conjunction with our related business results.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Recommendation of the Board of Directors</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">OUR BOARD UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE
TO CONDUCT AN ADVISORY VOTE ON EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION EVERY <B>THREE YEARS</B>. UNLESS OTHERWISE INSTRUCTED, THE PROXY HOLDERS
NAMED IN EACH PROXY WILL VOTE THE SHARES REPRESENTED THEREBY FOR A FREQUENCY OF THREE YEARS AS PROVIDED IN THIS PROPOSAL.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Proposal
FOUR<BR>
<BR>
Approval of Amendment to 2006 Stock Incentive Plan</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In 2006, our Board adopted and our stockholders
ratified and approved the adoption of our 2006 Plan. On March 5, 2010, our Board approved an increase in the number of shares of
common stock authorized for issuance under our 2006 Plan from 285,714 shares to 857,142 shares. Our stockholders approved the amendment
to the 2006 Plan on June 3, 2010. Effective October 20, 2010, our Board approved amendments to our 2006 Plan to (i) increase the
limit on annual awards to any plan participant from 250,000 shares to 1,000,000 shares, and (ii) eliminate the authority of the
plan administrator to reduce the exercise or base price of one or more outstanding stock options or stock appreciation rights.
These amendments did not require stockholder approval. On March 25, 2011, our Board approved a further increase in the number of
shares of common stock authorized for issuance under our 2006 Plan from 857,142 to 1,214,285 shares. Our stockholders approved
the amendment to the 2006 Plan on May 19, 2011. Effective April 2, 2012, our Board approved a further increase in the number of
shares of common stock authorized for issuance under our 2006 Plan from 1,214,285 to 6,214,285 shares. Our stockholders approved
the amendment to the 2006 Plan on December 13, 2012. On March 21, 2013, our Board approved, subject to stockholder approval, a
further increase in the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under our 2006 Plan from 6,214,285 to 13,714,285
shares (subject to the effects of a proposed reverse stock split, if approved and implemented). The 2006 Plan was further amended
by our Board effective April ___, 2013 to (i) change the limit on annual awards to any plan participant from 1,000,000 shares to
a limit of One Million Dollars ($1,000,000), and (ii) eliminate the authority to replace outstanding options or stock appreciation
rights or pay cash or issue shares of common stock in consideration of cancelled options or stock appreciation rights.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A proposed reverse stock split is the subject
of an upcoming special meeting of our stockholders scheduled for April 30, 2013. If approved by our stockholders, and if implemented
by our Board in its sole discretion, the reverse stock split will have the effect of reducing the number of shares authorized for
issuance under our 2006 Plan in proportion to the reverse stock split ratio of between 1-for-5 and 1-for-15, inclusive, as selected
at the discretion of our Board. For example, if the proposed reverse stock split is approved by our stockholders and a reverse
stock split ratio of 1-for-5 is implemented by our Board, the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under our
2006 Plan will decrease to the number of shares then authorized divided by five.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Board recommends approval of the amendment
to the 2006 Plan to enable the continued use of the 2006 Plan for stock-based grants consistent with the objectives of our compensation
program. The 2006 Plan is intended to promote our interests by providing eligible persons in our service with the opportunity to
acquire a proprietary or economic interest, or otherwise increase their proprietary or economic interest, in Pacific Ethanol as
an incentive for them to remain in service and render superior performance during their service. The 2006 Plan consists of two
equity-based incentive programs, the Discretionary Grant Program and the Stock Issuance Program. Principal features of each program
are summarized below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A total of 6,214,285 shares of common stock
are authorized for issuance under the 2006 Plan. A total of 13,714,285 shares of common stock will be authorized for issuance under
the 2006 Plan upon stockholder approval of this proposal (subject to the effects of a proposed reverse stock split, if approved
and implemented). Currently, equity awards totaling 5,117,234 shares of common stock, net of forfeitures and shares withheld to
satisfy tax withholding obligations, have been issued under the 2006 Plan. We believe that the 2006 Plan will be exhausted of shares
available for issuance in 2013, leaving no shares available for equity grants in 2014. By increasing the number of shares authorized
for issuance under the 2006 Plan by 7,500,000, a total of 8,597,051 additional shares of common stock would be available for issuance.
This increase would, in essence, replenish shares issued since the inception of the 2006 Plan and provide us with the flexibility
to continue to make stock-based grants in amounts deemed appropriate by our Compensation Committee. We believe that our equity
incentive program and grants made under the program are essential to retaining critical personnel and aligning the incentives of
our personnel with our stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The proposed amendment will not be implemented
unless approved by our stockholders, and no additional equity awards beyond the existing 6,214,285 shares of common stock have
been or will be issued under the 2006 Plan unless and until stockholder approval of the amended 2006 Plan is obtained. If the proposed
amendment is not approved by our stockholders, the 2006 Plan will remain in effect in its present form.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Set forth below is information concerning
awards of restricted stock and options under our 2006 Plan for each of the years ended December 31, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 and
2012. No other equity incentive compensation, whether under the 2006 Plan or otherwise, was awarded in such years.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="18" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">Year Ended December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Three-Year</B></P></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">2008</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">2009</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">2012</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt"><B>Average</B><SUP>(3)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt; width: 28%; padding-top: 3pt">Shares and options granted</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">90,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">584,571</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">473,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">352,524</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt; padding-top: 3pt">Shares outstanding at year-end</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">8,250,046</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">8,209,943</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">12,918,144</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">86,631,664</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">146,841,114</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">82,130,307</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt; padding-top: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Annual run rate<SUP>(1)</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">1.1%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">0.0%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">4.5%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">0.5%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">0.0%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">1.7%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt; padding-top: 3pt">Unvested shares and options outstanding at year-end</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">107,429</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">40,286</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">469,143</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">682,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">364,230</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">505,124</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -10pt; padding-left: 10pt; padding-top: 3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Overhang<SUP>(2)</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">1.3%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">0.5%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">3.6%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">0.8%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">0.2%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">1.5%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(1)</TD><TD>Annual run rate is the number of shares of common stock and options granted during the year, divided by the number of shares
of common stock outstanding at year-end.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(2)</TD><TD>Overhang is the number of unvested shares of restricted common stock and options outstanding at year-end, divided by the total
number of shares of common stock outstanding at year-end.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(3)</TD><TD>We granted 4,312,500 shares of restricted common stock in the first quarter of 2013 for 2012 incentive compensation to our
employees. If the share grants were made in 2012, the three-year average of (i) our shares and options granted would have been
1,790,024, (ii) our annual run rate would have been 2.6%, (iii) our unvested shares and options outstanding at year-end would have
been 1,942,624, and (iv) our overhang would have been 1.9%.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following is a summary of the principal
features of our 2006 Plan, as amended to reflect the proposed plan amendment. The summary does not purport to be a complete description
of all provisions of our 2006 Plan and is qualified in its entirety by the text of the 2006 Plan, a copy of which (as amended to
reflect the proposed plan amendment) is attached to this Proxy Statement as <U>Appendix&nbsp;A</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Administration</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Compensation Committee of our Board
has the exclusive authority to administer the Discretionary Grant and Stock Issuance Programs with respect to option grants, restricted
stock awards, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, direct stock issuances and other stock-based awards (&ldquo;equity
awards&rdquo;) made to executive officers and non-employee Board members, and also has the authority to make equity awards under
those programs to all other eligible individuals. However, the Board may retain, reassume or exercise from time to time the power
to administer those programs. Equity awards made to members of the Compensation Committee must be authorized and approved by a
disinterested majority of the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The term &ldquo;plan administrator,&rdquo;
as used in this summary, means the Compensation Committee or the Board, to the extent either entity is acting within the scope
of its administrative jurisdiction under the 2006 Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Share Reserve</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">An aggregate of 6,214,285 shares of common
stock are currently authorized for issuance under the 2006 Plan. A total of 13,714,285 shares of common stock will be authorized
for issuance under the 2006 Plan (subject to the effects of a proposed reverse stock split, if approved and implemented) upon stockholder
approval of this proposal. No additional equity awards beyond the existing 6,214,285 shares of common stock have been or will be
issued under the 2006 Plan unless and until stockholder approval is obtained. If approved by our stockholders at an upcoming special
meeting of our stockholders scheduled for April 30, 2013, and if implemented by our Board in its sole discretion, a proposed reverse
stock split will have the effect of reducing the number of shares authorized for issuance under our 2006 Plan in proportion to
the reverse stock split ratio of between 1-for-5 and 1-for-15, inclusive, as selected at the discretion of our Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">No participant in the 2006 Plan may be granted
equity awards for shares of common stock having a value in excess of $1,000,000 per calendar year. Prior stockholder approval constituted
approval of the $1,000,000 share limitation for purposes of Code Section 162(m). This limitation is intended to assure that any
deductions to which we would otherwise be entitled, either upon the exercise of stock options or stock appreciation rights granted
under the Discretionary Grant Program with an exercise price per share equal to the fair market value per share of our common stock
on the grant date or upon the subsequent sale of the shares purchased under those options, will not be subject to the $1,000,000
limitation on the income tax deductibility of compensation paid per covered executive officer imposed under Code Section 162(m).
In addition, shares issued under the Stock Issuance Program may qualify as performance-based compensation that is not subject to
the Code Section 162(m) limitation, if the issuance of those shares is approved by the Compensation Committee and the vesting is
tied solely to the attainment of the corporate performance milestones discussed below in the summary description of that program.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The shares of common stock issuable under
the 2006 Plan may be drawn from shares of our authorized but unissued shares or from shares reacquired by us, including shares
repurchased on the open market. Shares subject to any outstanding equity awards under the 2006 Plan that expire or otherwise terminate
before those shares are issued will be available for subsequent awards. Unvested shares issued under the 2006 Plan and subsequently
repurchased by us at the option exercise or direct issue price paid per share, under our repurchase rights under the 2006 Plan,
will be added back to the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2006 Plan and will be available for subsequent reissuance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If the exercise price of an option under
the 2006 Plan is paid with shares of common stock, then the authorized reserve of common stock under the 2006 Plan will be reduced
only by the net number of new shares issued under the exercised stock option. If shares of common stock otherwise issuable under
the 2006 Plan are withheld in satisfaction of the withholding taxes incurred in connection with the issuance, exercise or vesting
of an equity award, then the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the 2006 Plan will be reduced only by
the net number of shares issued under that equity award. The withheld shares will not reduce the share reserve. Upon the exercise
of any stock appreciation right granted under the 2006 Plan, the share reserve will only be reduced by the net number of shares
actually issued upon exercise, and not by the gross number of shares as to which the stock appreciation right is exercised.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We have registered the issuance of all of
the shares of common stock currently authorized for issuance under our 2006 Plan on Form S-8 under the Securities Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Eligibility</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Officers, employees, non-employee directors,
and consultants and independent advisors who are under written contract and whose securities issued under the 2006 Plan could be
registered on Form S-8, all of whom are in our service or the service of any parent or subsidiary of ours, whether now existing
or subsequently established, are eligible to participate in the Discretionary Grant and Stock Issuance Programs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">As of April __, 2013, four executive officers,
approximately 130 other employees, five non-executive officer members of our Board and an indeterminate number of consultants and
advisors were eligible to participate in the 2006 Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Valuation</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The fair market value per share of our common
stock on any relevant date under the 2006 Plan will be deemed to be equal to the closing price per share of our common stock at
the close of regular trading hours on that date on The NASDAQ Capital Market (or any other primary successor exchange or market
on which our securities are listed or traded). If there is no closing price for our common stock on the date in question, the fair
market value will be the closing price on the last preceding date for which a quotation exists. On April __, 2013, the fair market
value determined on that basis was $<U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</U>per share.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Discretionary Grant Program</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The plan administrator has complete discretion
under the Discretionary Grant Program to determine which eligible individuals are to receive equity awards under that program,
the time or times when those equity awards are to be made, the number of shares subject to each award, the time or times when each
equity award is to vest and become exercisable, the maximum term for which the equity award is to remain outstanding and the status
of any granted option as either an incentive stock option or a non-statutory option under the federal tax laws.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Stock Options.</I> Each granted option
will have an exercise price per share determined by the plan administrator, provided that the exercise price will not be less than
85% or 100% of the fair market value of a share on the grant date in the case of non-statutory or incentive options, respectively.
No granted option will have a term in excess of ten years. Incentive options granted to an employee who beneficially owns more
than 10% of our outstanding common stock must have exercise prices not less than 110% of the fair market value of a share on the
grant date and a term of not more than five years measured from the grant date. Options generally will become exercisable in one
or more installments over a specified period of service measured from the grant date. However, options may be structured so that
they will be immediately exercisable for any or all of the option shares. Any unvested shares acquired under immediately exercisable
options will be subject to repurchase, at the exercise price paid per share, if the optionee ceases service with us prior to vesting
in those shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">An optionee who ceases service with us other
than due to misconduct will have a limited time within which to exercise outstanding options for any shares for which those options
are vested and exercisable at the time of cessation of service. The plan administrator has complete discretion to extend the period
following the optionee&rsquo;s cessation of service during which outstanding options may be exercised (but not beyond the expiration
date) and/or to accelerate the exercisability or vesting of options in whole or in part. Discretion may be exercised at any time
while the options remain outstanding, whether before or after the optionee&rsquo;s actual cessation of service.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Stock Appreciation Rights.</I> The plan
administrator has the authority to issue the following three types of stock appreciation rights under the Discretionary Grant Program:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Tandem stock appreciation rights, which provide the holders with the right, upon approval of the plan administrator, to surrender
their options for an appreciation distribution in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the vested shares of
common stock subject to the surrendered option over the aggregate exercise price payable for those shares.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Standalone stock appreciation rights, which allow the holders to exercise those rights as to a specific number of shares of
common stock and receive in exchange an appreciation distribution in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value on
the exercise date of the shares of common stock as to which those rights are exercised over the aggregate base price in effect
for those shares. The base price per share may not be less than the fair market value per share of the common stock on the date
the standalone stock appreciation right is granted, and the right may not have a term in excess of ten years.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Limited stock appreciation rights, which may be included in one or more option grants made under the Discretionary Grant Program
to executive officers or directors who are subject to the short-swing profit liability provisions of Section 16 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (&ldquo;Exchange Act&rdquo;). Upon the successful completion of a hostile takeover for more than
50% of our outstanding voting securities or a change in a majority of our Board as a result of one or more contested elections
for Board membership over a period of up to 36 consecutive months, each outstanding option with a limited stock appreciation right
may be surrendered in return for a cash distribution per surrendered option share equal to the excess of the fair market value
per share at the time the option is surrendered or, if greater and the option is a non-statutory option, the highest price paid
per share in the transaction, over the exercise price payable per share under the option.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Payments with respect to exercised tandem
or standalone stock appreciation rights may, at the discretion of the plan administrator, be made in cash or in shares of common
stock. All payments with respect to exercised limited stock appreciation rights will be made in cash. Upon cessation of service
with us, the holder of one or more stock appreciation rights will have a limited period within which to exercise those rights as
to any shares as to which those stock appreciation rights are vested and exercisable at the time of cessation of service. The plan
administrator will have complete discretion to extend the period following the holder&rsquo;s cessation of service during which
his or her outstanding stock appreciation rights may be exercised and/or to accelerate the exercisability or vesting of the stock
appreciation rights in whole or in part. Discretion may be exercised at any time while the stock appreciation rights remain outstanding,
whether before or after the holder&rsquo;s actual cessation of service.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Stock Issuance Program</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Shares of common stock may be issued under
the Stock Issuance Program for valid consideration under the Delaware General Corporation Law as the plan administrator deems appropriate,
including cash, past services or other property. In addition, restricted shares of common stock may be issued under restricted
stock awards that vest in one or more installments over the recipient&rsquo;s period of service or upon attainment of specified
performance objectives. Shares of common stock may also be issued under the program under restricted stock units or other stock-based
awards that entitle the recipients to receive the shares underlying those awards upon the attainment of designated performance
goals, the satisfaction of specified service requirements and/or upon the expiration of a designated time period following the
vesting of those awards or units, including a deferred distribution date following the termination of the recipient&rsquo;s service
with us.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The plan administrator will have complete
discretion under the Stock Issuance Program to determine which eligible individuals are to receive equity awards under the program,
the time or times when those equity awards are to be made, the number of shares subject to each equity award, the vesting schedule
to be in effect for the equity award and the consideration, if any, payable per share. The shares issued under an equity award
may be fully vested upon issuance or may vest upon the completion of a designated service period and/or the attainment of pre-established
performance goals.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">To assure that the compensation attributable
to one or more equity awards under the Stock Issuance Program will qualify as performance-based compensation that will not be subject
to the $1,000,000 limitation on the income tax deductibility of the compensation paid per covered executive officer imposed under
Code Section 162(m), the Compensation Committee will also have the discretionary authority to structure one or more equity awards
under the Stock Issuance Program so that the shares subject to those particular awards will vest only upon the achievement of pre-established
corporate performance goals. Goals may be based on one or more of the following criteria: (i) return on total stockholders&rsquo;
equity; (ii) net income per share; (iii) net income or operating income; (iv) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization
and stock-based compensation costs, or operating income before depreciation and amortization; (v) sales or revenue targets; (vi)
return on assets, capital or investment; (vii) cash flow; (viii) market share; (ix) cost reduction goals; (x) budget comparisons;
(xi) implementation or completion of projects or processes strategic or critical to our business operations; (xii) measures of
customer satisfaction; (xiii) any combination of, or a specified increase in, any of the foregoing; and (xiv) the formation of
joint ventures, research and development collaborations, marketing or customer service collaborations, or the completion of other
corporate transactions intended to enhance our revenue or profitability or expand our customer base; provided, however, that for
purposes of items (ii), (iii) and (vii) above, the Compensation Committee may, at the time the equity awards are made, specify
adjustments to those items as reported in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (&ldquo;GAAP&rdquo;),
which will exclude from the calculation of those performance goals one or more of the following: charges related to acquisitions,
stock-based compensation, employer payroll tax expense on stock option exercises, settlement costs, restructuring costs, gains
or losses on strategic investments, non-operating gains, other non-cash charges, valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, and
the related income tax effects, purchases of property and equipment, and any extraordinary non-recurring items as described in
Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 30 or its successor, provided that those adjustments are in conformity with those reported
by us on a non-GAAP basis. In addition, performance goals may be based upon the attainment of specified levels of our performance
under one or more of the measures described above relative to the performance of other entities and may also be based on the performance
of any of our business groups or divisions thereof or any parent or subsidiary. Performance goals may include a minimum threshold
level of performance below which no award will be earned, levels of performance at which specified portions of an award will be
earned, and a maximum level of performance at which an award will be fully earned. The Compensation Committee may provide that,
if the actual level of attainment for any performance objective is between two specified levels, the amount of the award attributable
to that performance objective shall be interpolated on a straight-line basis.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The plan administrator will have the discretionary
authority at any time to accelerate the vesting of any and all shares of restricted stock or other unvested shares outstanding
under the Stock Issuance Program. However, no vesting requirements tied to the attainment of performance objectives may be waived
with respect to shares that were intended at the time of issuance to qualify as performance-based compensation under Code Section
162(m), except in the event of specified involuntary terminations or changes in control or ownership.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Outstanding restricted stock units or other
stock-based awards under the Stock Issuance Program will automatically terminate, and no shares of common stock will actually be
issued in satisfaction of those awards, if the performance goals or service requirements established for those awards are not attained.
The plan administrator, however, will have the discretionary authority to issue shares of common stock in satisfaction of one or
more outstanding restricted stock units or other stock-based awards as to which the designated performance goals or service requirements
are not attained. However, no vesting requirements tied to the attainment of performance objectives may be waived with respect
to awards that were intended at the time of issuance to qualify as performance-based compensation under Code Section 162(m), except
in the event of specified involuntary terminations or changes in control or ownership.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>General Provisions</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Acceleration</I>. If a change in control
occurs, each outstanding equity award under the Discretionary Grant Program will automatically accelerate in full, unless (i) that
award is assumed by the successor corporation or otherwise continued in effect, (ii) the award is replaced with a cash retention
program that preserves the spread existing on the unvested shares subject to that equity award (the excess of the fair market value
of those shares over the exercise or base price in effect for the shares) and provides for subsequent payout of that spread in
accordance with the same vesting schedule in effect for those shares, or (iii) the acceleration of the award is subject to other
limitations imposed by the plan administrator. In addition, all unvested shares outstanding under the Discretionary Grant and Stock
Issuance Programs will immediately vest upon the change in control, except to the extent our repurchase rights with respect to
those shares are to be assigned to the successor corporation or otherwise continued in effect or accelerated vesting is precluded
by other limitations imposed by the plan administrator. Each outstanding equity award under the Stock Issuance Program will vest
as to the number of shares of common stock subject to that award immediately prior to the change in control, unless that equity
award is assumed by the successor corporation or otherwise continued in effect or replaced with a cash retention program similar
to the program described in clause (ii) above or unless vesting is precluded by its terms. Immediately following a change in control,
all outstanding awards under the Discretionary Grant Program will terminate and cease to be outstanding except to the extent assumed
by the successor corporation or its parent or otherwise expressly continued in full force and effect under the terms of the change
in control transaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The plan administrator will have the discretion
to structure one or more equity awards under the Discretionary Grant and Stock Issuance Programs so that those equity awards will
vest in full either immediately upon a change in control or in the event the individual&rsquo;s service with us or the successor
entity is terminated (actually or constructively) within a designated period following a change in control transaction, whether
or not those equity awards are to be assumed or otherwise continued in effect or replaced with a cash retention program.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A change in control will be deemed to have
occurred if, in a single transaction or series of related transactions:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)&#9;any person (as that term is used
in Section 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act), or persons acting as a group, other than a trustee or fiduciary holding securities
under an employment benefit program, is or becomes a beneficial owner (as defined in Rule 13-3 under the Exchange Act), directly
or indirectly of securities representing 51% or more of the combined voting power of our company;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii)&#9;there is a merger, consolidation,
or other business combination transaction of us with or into another corporation, entity or person, other than a transaction in
which the holders of at least a majority of the shares of our voting capital stock outstanding immediately prior to the transaction
continue to hold (either by the shares remaining outstanding or by their being converted into shares of voting capital stock of
the surviving entity) a majority of the total voting power represented by the shares of voting capital stock of our company (or
the surviving entity) outstanding immediately after the transaction; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">(iii)&#9;all or substantially all of our
assets are sold.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Stockholder Rights and Option Transferability.</I>
The holder of an option or stock appreciation right will have no stockholder rights with respect to the shares subject to that
option or stock appreciation right unless and until the holder exercises the option or stock appreciation right and becomes a holder
of record of shares of common stock distributed upon exercise of the award. Incentive options are not assignable or transferable
other than by will or the laws of inheritance following the optionee&rsquo;s death, and during the optionee&rsquo;s lifetime, may
only be exercised by the optionee. However, non-statutory options and stock appreciation rights may be transferred or assigned
during the holder&rsquo;s lifetime to one or more members of the holder&rsquo;s family or to a trust established for the benefit
of the holder and/or one or more family members or to the holder&rsquo;s former spouse, to the extent the transfer is in connection
with the holder&rsquo;s estate plan or under a domestic relations order.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A participant will have a number of rights
with respect to shares of common stock issued to the participant under the Stock Issuance Program, whether or not the participant&rsquo;s
interest in those shares is vested. Accordingly, the participant will have the right to vote the shares and to receive any regular
cash dividends paid on the shares, but will not have the right to transfer the shares prior to vesting. A participant will not
have any stockholder rights with respect to the shares of common stock subject to restricted stock units or other stock-based awards
until the awards vest and the shares of common stock are actually issued. However, dividend-equivalent units may be paid or credited,
either in cash or in actual or phantom shares of common stock, on outstanding restricted stock units or other stock-based awards,
subject to terms and conditions the plan administrator deems appropriate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Changes in Capitalization.</I> If any
change is made to the outstanding shares of common stock by reason of any recapitalization, stock dividend, stock split, combination
of shares, exchange of shares or other change in corporate structure effected without our receipt of consideration, appropriate
adjustments will be made to (i) the maximum number and/or class of securities issuable under the 2006 Plan, (ii) the maximum number
and/or class of securities for which any one person may be granted equity awards under the 2006 Plan per calendar year, (iii) the
number and/or class of securities and the exercise price or base price per share in effect under each outstanding option or stock
appreciation right, and (iv) the number and/or class of securities subject to each outstanding restricted stock unit or other stock-based
award under the 2006 Plan and the cash consideration, if any, payable per share. All adjustments will be designed to preclude any
dilution or enlargement of benefits under the 2006 Plan and the outstanding equity awards thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Special Tax Election.</I> Subject to
applicable laws, rules and regulations, the plan administrator may permit any or all holders of equity awards to utilize any or
all of the following methods to satisfy all or part of the federal and state income and employment withholding taxes to which they
may become subject in connection with the issuance, exercise or vesting of those equity awards:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><I>Stock Withholding</I>: The election to have us withhold, from the shares otherwise issuable upon the issuance, exercise
or vesting of an equity award, a portion of those shares with an aggregate fair market value equal to the percentage of the withholding
taxes (not to exceed 100%) designated by the holder and make a cash payment equal to the fair market value directly to the appropriate
taxing authorities on the individual&rsquo;s behalf.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><I>Stock Delivery</I>: The election to deliver to us shares of common stock previously acquired by the holder (other than in
connection with the issuance, exercise or vesting that triggered the withholding taxes) with an aggregate fair market value equal
to the percentage of the withholding taxes (not to exceed 100%) designated by the holder.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><I>Sale and Remittance</I>: The election to deliver to us, to the extent the award is issued or exercised for vested shares,
through a special sale and remittance procedure under which the optionee or participant will concurrently provide irrevocable instructions
to a brokerage firm to effect the immediate sale of the purchased or issued shares and remit to us, out of the sale proceeds available
on the settlement date, sufficient funds to cover the withholding taxes we are required to withhold by reason of the issuance,
exercise or vesting.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Amendment, Suspension and Termination</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Board may suspend or terminate the 2006
Plan at any time. Our Board may amend or modify the 2006 Plan, subject to any required stockholder approval. Stockholder approval
will be required for any amendment that materially increases the number of shares available for issuance under the 2006 Plan, materially
expands the class of individuals eligible to receive equity awards under the 2006 Plan, materially increases the benefits accruing
to optionees and other participants under the 2006 Plan or materially reduces the price at which shares of common stock may be
issued or purchased under the 2006 Plan, materially extends the term of the 2006 Plan, expands the types of awards available for
issuance under the 2006 Plan, or as to which stockholder approval is required by applicable laws, rules or regulations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless sooner terminated by our Board, the
2006 Plan will terminate on the earliest to occur of: July 19, 2016; the date on which all shares available for issuance under
the 2006 Plan have been issued as fully-vested shares; and the termination of all outstanding equity awards upon specified changes
in control or ownership. If the 2006 Plan terminates on July 19, 2016, then all equity awards outstanding at that time will continue
to have force and effect in accordance with the provisions of the documents evidencing those awards.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Federal Income Tax Consequences</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following discussion summarizes income
tax consequences of the 2006 Plan under current federal income tax law and is intended for general information only. In addition,
the tax consequences described below are subject to the limitations of Code Section 162(m), as discussed in further detail below.
Other federal taxes and foreign, state and local income taxes are not discussed, and may vary depending upon individual circumstances
and from locality to locality.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Option Grants</I>. Options granted under
the 2006 Plan may be either incentive stock options, which satisfy the requirements of Code Section 422, or non-statutory stock
options, which are not intended to meet those requirements. The federal income tax treatment for the two types of options differs
as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Incentive Stock Options.</I> No taxable
income is recognized by the optionee at the time of the option grant, and, if there is no disqualifying disposition at the time
of exercise, no taxable income is recognized for regular tax purposes at the time the option is exercised, although taxable income
may arise at that time for alternative minimum tax purposes equal to the excess of the fair market value of the purchased shares
at the time over the exercise price paid for those shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The optionee will recognize taxable income
in the year in which the purchased shares are sold or otherwise made the subject of some dispositions. For federal tax purposes,
dispositions are divided into two categories: qualifying and disqualifying. A qualifying disposition occurs if the sale or other
disposition is made more than two years after the date the option for the shares involved in the sale or disposition was granted
and more than one year after the date the option was exercised for those shares. If either of these two requirements is not satisfied,
a disqualifying disposition will result.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon a qualifying disposition, the optionee
will recognize long-term capital gain in an amount equal to the excess of the amount realized upon the sale or other disposition
of the purchased shares over the exercise price paid for the shares. If there is a disqualifying disposition of the shares, the
excess of the fair market value of those shares on the exercise date over the exercise price paid for the shares will be taxable
as ordinary income to the optionee. Any additional gain or any loss recognized upon the disposition will be taxable as a capital
gain or capital loss.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If the optionee makes a disqualifying disposition
of the purchased shares, we will be generally entitled to an income tax deduction, for our taxable year in which the disposition
occurs, equal to the excess of the fair market value of the shares on the option exercise date over the exercise price paid for
the shares. If the optionee makes a qualifying disposition, we will not be entitled to any income tax deduction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Non-Statutory Stock Options.</I> No taxable
income is generally recognized by an optionee upon the grant of a non-statutory option. The optionee will, in general, recognize
ordinary income, in the year in which the option is exercised, equal to the excess of the fair market value of the purchased shares
on the exercise date over the exercise price paid for the shares, and we will be required to collect withholding taxes applicable
to the income from the optionee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We will generally be entitled to an income
tax deduction equal to the amount of any ordinary income recognized by the optionee with respect to an exercised non-statutory
option. The deduction will in general be allowed for our taxable year in which the ordinary income is recognized by the optionee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If the shares acquired upon exercise of
the non-statutory option are unvested and subject to repurchase in the event of the optionee&rsquo;s cessation of service prior
to vesting in those shares, the optionee will not recognize any taxable income at the time of exercise but will have to report
as ordinary income, as and when our repurchase right lapses, an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the shares
on the date the repurchase right lapses over the exercise price paid for the shares. The optionee may elect under Code Section
83(b) to include as ordinary income in the year of exercise of the option an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value
of the purchased shares on the exercise date over the exercise price paid for the shares. If a timely Code Section 83(b) election
is made, the optionee will not recognize any additional income as and when the repurchase right lapses.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Stock Appreciation Rights.</I> No taxable
income is generally recognized upon receipt of a stock appreciation right. The holder will recognize ordinary income in the year
in which the stock appreciation right is exercised, in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the underlying
shares of common stock on the exercise date over the base price in effect for the exercised right, and we will be required to collect
withholding taxes applicable to the income from the holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We will generally be entitled to an income
tax deduction equal to the amount of any ordinary income recognized by the holder in connection with the exercise of a stock appreciation
right. The deduction will in general be allowed for our taxable year in which the ordinary income is recognized by the holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Direct Stock Issuances.</I> Stock granted
under the 2006 Plan may include issuances including unrestricted stock grants, restricted stock grants and restricted stock units.
The federal income tax treatment for the stock issuances is as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Unrestricted Stock Grants</I>. The holder
will recognize ordinary income in the year in which shares are actually issued to the holder. The amount of that income will be
equal to the fair market value of the shares on the date of issuance, and we will be required to collect withholding taxes applicable
to the income from the holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We will be entitled to an income tax deduction
equal to the amount of ordinary income recognized by the holder at the time the shares are issued. The deduction will in general
be allowed for our taxable year in which the ordinary income is recognized by the holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Restricted Stock Grants</I>. No taxable
income is recognized upon receipt of stock that qualifies as performance-based compensation unless the recipient elects to have
the value of the stock (without consideration of any effect of the vesting conditions) included in income on the date of receipt.
The recipient may elect under Code Section 83(b) to include as ordinary income in the year the shares are actually issued an amount
equal to the fair market value of the shares. If a timely Code Section 83(b) election is made, the holder will not recognize any
additional income when the vesting conditions lapse and will not be entitled to a deduction in the event the stock is forfeited
as a result of failure to vest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If the holder does not file an election
under Code Section 83(b), he will not recognize income until the shares vest. At that time, the holder will recognize ordinary
income in an amount equal to the fair market value of the shares on the date the shares vest. We will be required to collect withholding
taxes applicable to the income of the holder at that time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We will be entitled to an income tax deduction
equal to the amount of ordinary income recognized by the holder at the time the shares are issued, if the holder elects to file
an election under Code Section&nbsp;83(b), or we will be entitled to an income tax deduction at the time the vesting conditions
occur, if the holder does not elect to file an election under Code Section 83(b).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Restricted Stock Units</I>. No taxable
income is generally recognized upon receipt of a restricted stock unit award. The holder will recognize ordinary income in the
year in which the shares subject to that unit are actually issued to the holder. The amount of that income will be equal to the
fair market value of the shares on the date of issuance, and we will be required to collect withholding taxes applicable to the
income from the holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We will generally be entitled to an income
tax deduction equal to the amount of ordinary income recognized by the holder at the time the shares are issued. The deduction
will in general be allowed for our taxable year in which the ordinary income is recognized by the holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Section&nbsp;409A.</I>&nbsp;&nbsp;A number
of awards, including non-statutory stock options and stock appreciation rights granted with an exercise price that is less than
fair market value, and some restricted stock units, can be considered &ldquo;non-qualified deferred compensation&rdquo; and subject
to Code Section 409A. Awards that are subject to but do not meet the requirements of Code Section&nbsp;409A will result in an additional
20% tax obligation, plus penalties and interest to the recipient, and may result in accelerated imposition of income tax and the
related withholding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Deductibility of Executive Compensation</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We anticipate that any compensation deemed
paid by us in connection with disqualifying dispositions of incentive stock option shares or the exercise of non-statutory stock
options or stock appreciation rights with exercise prices or base prices equal to or greater than the fair market value of the
underlying shares on the grant date will qualify as performance-based compensation for purposes of Code Section 162(m) and will
not have to be taken into account for purposes of the $1,000,000 limitation per covered individual on the deductibility of the
compensation paid to some executive officers. Accordingly, all compensation deemed paid with respect to those options or stock
appreciation rights should remain deductible without limitation under Code Section 162(m). However, any compensation deemed paid
by us in connection with shares issued under the Stock Issuance Program will be subject to the $1,000,000 limitation on deductibility
per covered individual, except to the extent the vesting of those shares is based solely on one or more of the performance milestones
specified above in the summary of the terms of the Stock Issuance Program.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Accounting Treatment</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In accordance with accounting standards
established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board&rsquo;s Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718, <I>Stock Compensation</I>,
we are<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: black"> </FONT>required to recognize all share-based payments, including grants of stock
options, restricted stock and restricted stock units, in our financial statements. Accordingly, stock options are valued at fair
value as of the grant date under an appropriate valuation formula, and that value will be charged as stock-based compensation expense
against our reported earnings over the designated vesting period of the award. For shares issuable upon the vesting of restricted
stock units that may be awarded under the 2006 Plan, we are required to expense over the vesting period a compensation cost equal
to the fair market value of the underlying shares on the date of the award. Restricted stock issued under the 2006 Plan results
in a direct charge to our reported earnings equal to the excess of the fair market value of those shares on the issuance date over
the cash consideration (if any) paid for the shares. If the shares are unvested at the time of issuance, then any charge to our
reported earnings is amortized over the vesting period. This accounting treatment for restricted stock units and restricted stock
issuances is applicable whether vesting is tied to service periods or performance criteria.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>New Plan Benefits</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">No additional awards under the 2006 Plan
are determinable at this time because awards under the 2006 Plan are discretionary and no specific additional awards have been
approved by the plan administrator beyond currently outstanding unvested restricted stock grants and outstanding stock options
in respect of 3,465,583 shares of common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Other Arrangements Not Subject to Stockholder
Action</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Information regarding our equity compensation
plan arrangements that existed as of the end of 2012 is included in this Proxy Statement under the heading &ldquo;Equity Compensation
Plan Information.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Interests of Related Parties</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The 2006 Plan provides that our officers,
employees, non-employee directors, and some consultants and independent advisors will be eligible to receive awards under the 2006
Plan. As discussed above, we may be eligible in some circumstances to receive a tax deduction for some executive compensation resulting
from awards under the 2006 Plan that would otherwise be disallowed under Section 162(m).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B>Possible Anti-Takeover Effects</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Although not intended as an anti-takeover
measure by our Board, one of the possible effects of the 2006 Plan could be to place additional shares, and to increase the percentage
of the total number of shares outstanding, or to place other incentive compensation, in the hands of the directors and officers
of Pacific Ethanol. Those persons may be viewed as part of, or friendly to, incumbent management and may, therefore, under some
circumstances be expected to make investment and voting decisions in response to a hostile takeover attempt that may serve to discourage
or render more difficult the accomplishment of the attempt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition, options or other incentive
compensation may, in the discretion of the plan administrator, contain a provision providing for the acceleration of the exercisability
of outstanding, but unexercisable, installments upon the first public announcement of a tender offer, merger, consolidation, sale
of all or substantially all of our assets, or other attempted changes in the control of Pacific Ethanol. In the opinion of our
Board, this acceleration provision merely ensures that optionees under the 2006 Plan will be able to exercise their options or
obtain their incentive compensation as intended by our Board and stockholders prior to any extraordinary corporate transaction
which might serve to limit or restrict that right. Our Board is, however, presently unaware of any threat of hostile takeover involving
Pacific Ethanol.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Required Vote of Stockholders</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(c) generally requires
us to obtain stockholder approval of compensation plans pursuant to which our stock may be acquired by officers, directors, employees
or consultants. The approval of Proposal Four requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes of the shares of our common
stock and Series B Preferred Stock, voting together as a single class, present at the Annual Meeting in person or by proxy and
entitled to vote.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Recommendation of the Board of Directors</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">OUR BOARD UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE
&ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo; APPROVAL OF PROPOSAL FOUR.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">PROPOSAL
FIVE</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">To authorize,
for purposes of complying with NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(<FONT STYLE="text-transform: none">d</FONT>), us to issue, UNDER THE TERMS
of that certain Securities Purchase Agreement dated March 28, 2013 BY AND AMONG Pacific Ethanol, Inc. and THE INVESTORS Listed
on the Schedule of Buyers thereto, AND RELATED DOCUMENTS, in excess of that number of shares of our common stock equal to 20% of
the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding AS OF DECEMBER 19, 2012.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Background and Description of Proposal</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Financing Transaction</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On March 28, 2013, we entered into a Securities
Purchase Agreement with selected institutional investors listed on the Schedule of Buyers attached thereto (&ldquo;Securities Purchase
Agreement&rdquo;) for the sale and issuance of:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>$6,000,000 (&ldquo;Series A Offering&rdquo;) of our Series A Subordinated Convertible Notes (collectively, &ldquo;Series A
Notes&rdquo;), Series A Warrants to purchase up to 11,826,000 shares of our common stock for a term of two years (&ldquo;Series
A Warrants&rdquo;) and Series B Warrants to purchase up to 15,768,000 shares of our common stock for a term of two years (&ldquo;Series
B Warrants,&rdquo; and together with the Series A Warrants, the &ldquo;Warrants&rdquo;) after the closing of the Series B Note
Offering (as defined below); and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>$8,000,000 (&ldquo;Series B Note Offering&rdquo;) of our Series B Subordinated Convertible Notes (collectively, &ldquo;Series
B Notes,&rdquo; and together with the Series A Notes, the &ldquo;Convertible Notes&rdquo;). The Series A Offering and the Series
B Note Offering are collectively referred to as the &ldquo;Financing Transaction&rdquo; in this Proxy Statement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Series A Offering closed on March 28,
2013. The Series A Notes were issued under an Indenture and a First Supplemental Indenture each dated March 28, 2013 with U.S.
Bank National Association, as trustee (the &ldquo;Base Indenture&rdquo; and &ldquo;First Supplemental Indenture,&rdquo; respectively,
and collectively, the &ldquo;First Indenture&rdquo;). The terms of the Series A Notes include those provided in the First Indenture
and those made part of the First Indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act. We will issue the Series B Notes, if at all,
under the Base Indenture as supplemented by a Second Supplemental Indenture to be dated as of the closing date of the Series B
Note Offering (the &ldquo;Second Supplemental Indenture&rdquo; and, together with the Base Indenture, the &ldquo;Second Indenture,&rdquo;
and together with the First Indenture, the &ldquo;Indentures&rdquo;). The terms of the Series B Notes include those provided in
the Second Indenture and those made part of the Second Indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act. Various provisions of
the Base Indenture are applicable to the Convertible Notes and any analogous provisions (including related definitions) of the
First Supplemental Indenture or Second Supplemental Indenture, as applicable, govern the Convertible Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The closing of the Series B Note Offering
is subject to numerous conditions, including approval by our stockholders of the Financing Transaction by July 1, 2013. If we fail
to timely obtain stockholder approval of the Financing Transaction, we will be unable to close the Series B Note Offering and we
will not issue the Series B Notes. We cannot provide any assurance that we will be able close the Series B Note Offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Convertible Notes</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless earlier converted or redeemed, the
Convertible Notes will mature on March 28, 2014. The Convertible Notes bear interest at 5% per annum, compounded monthly. A Convertible
Note holder may convert its Convertible Note at any time, in whole or in part, into shares of our common stock at an initial conversion
price of $1.00 per share (&ldquo;Fixed Conversion Price&rdquo;), subject to adjustment for stock splits, combinations or similar
events. In addition, if we sell or issue any securities with conversion or exercise prices that &ldquo;float&rdquo; based on the
market price of our common stock, the Convertible Note holder may substitute that &ldquo;floating&rdquo; price for the Fixed Conversion
Price.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Convertible Notes contain a variety
of affirmative and negative covenants typical of transactions similar to the Financing Transaction, including limitations on our
ability to (i) incur indebtedness and liens or make payments in respect of indebtedness, except as to certain permitted indebtedness
and liens; and (ii) pay dividends in respect of our capital stock, except as to certain permitted dividends, but not including
dividends in respect of our common stock, which are prohibited. Nevertheless, the Convertible Note holders are entitled to receive
any dividends paid or distributions made to the holders of our common stock on an &ldquo;as if converted to common stock&rdquo;
basis.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Payment of Principal and Interest</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We have agreed to make amortization payments
under the Convertible Notes (the date of each scheduled payment, an &ldquo;Installment Date&rdquo;). We may elect to make amortization
payments of principal as well as accrued and unpaid interest and other charges (an &ldquo;Installment Amount&rdquo;) in cash or,
subject to the satisfaction of various Equity Conditions, in shares of our common stock. The &ldquo;Equity Conditions&rdquo; include
requirements, often determined with reference to the fifteen trading day period immediately prior to the date of determination,
that (i) our common stock remains listed and not suspended from trading on an approved exchange or market; (ii) we have timely
delivered shares of our common stock upon conversion of the Convertible Notes and exercise of the Warrants; (iii) we will not exceed
a 9.99% blocker that disables a Convertible Note holder from receiving shares of our common stock if doing so would cause the holder&rsquo;s
beneficial ownership to exceed that threshold; (iv) we have not and will not violate applicable NASDAQ rules; (v) we have not announced
certain transactions involving a change of control; (vi) the Convertible Note holder is not in possession of any material, non-public
information provided by us; (vii) no event of default under the Convertible Notes has occurred and is continuing; and (viii) we
meet certain minimum volume and price requirements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">If, due to the failure of any Equity Condition,
we may not deliver shares of common stock on an Installment Date, a Convertible Note holder may require us to pay in cash 115%
of all or part of the Installment Amount subject to conversion, and/or invalidate the conversion as to all or part of the Installment
Amount, provided that the Fixed Conversion Price applicable to any such amount is adjusted to equal the lesser of the Company Conversion
Price (as defined below) in effect on the date the holder invalidated the conversion, and the Company Conversion Price in effect
on the date the holder converts the Installment Amount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Acceleration and Deferral of Amortization
Amounts</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A Convertible Note holder may defer payment
of an Installment Amount due on any Installment Date to another Installment Date, in which case the amount deferred will continue
to accrue interest and will become part of the Installment Amount due on the subsequent Installment Date. In addition, a Convertible
Note holder may accelerate and convert on one or more Installment Dates the Installment Amounts due on future Installment Dates
(up to a maximum aggregate of four future Installment Amounts) at the Company Conversion Price in effect on the current Installment
Date, but if we elected to convert the Installment Amount due on the current Installment Date, the holder may only convert up to
a maximum aggregate of three future Installment Amounts. The &ldquo;Company Conversion Price&rdquo; is equal to the lesser of the
Fixed Conversion Price then in effect and 85% of the Market Price on the Installment Date. The &ldquo;Market Price&rdquo; is equal
to the lesser of the volume weighted average price on the trading day immediately preceding the date of determination and the average
of the three lowest volume weighted average prices during the ten trading day period ending on the trading day immediately prior
to the date of determination.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon certain events of default, a Convertible
Note holder may accelerate an unlimited number of Installment Amounts, and the applicable Company Conversion Price for the conversion
will equal the lesser of (i) the Company Conversion Price on the current Installment Date, (ii) 85% of the Market Price, and (iii)
the Fixed Conversion Price then in effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Remedy for Event of Default </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon an event of default, holders of at
least 20% of the outstanding principal amount of the Convertible Notes may force us to redeem all or any portion of the Convertible
Notes in cash, at a price equal to the greater of (i) up to 125% of the amount redeemed, depending on the nature of the default,
and (ii) the product of (x) the Conversion Rate, and (y) up to 125% of the amount redeemed, depending on the nature of the default,
multiplied by the highest closing sale price of our common stock during the period beginning on the date immediately before the
event of default and ending on the date of redemption. The &ldquo;Conversion Rate&rdquo; is determined by dividing the amount being
converted or redeemed by the Fixed Conversion Price.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Fundamental Transactions</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon a change of control resulting from
certain specified transactions, a Convertible Note holder may require that we redeem all or any portion of its Convertible Note
at a price equal to the greater of:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>125% of the amount redeemed;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the product of (i) 125% of the amount redeemed, and (ii) the quotient of (a) the highest closing sale price of our common stock
during the period beginning on the date immediately before the earlier to occur of (1) the completion of the change of control,
and (2) the public announcement of the change of control, and ending on the trading day immediately before the trading day on which
we pay the redemption price, and (b) the Fixed Conversion Price then in effect on a Installment Date during the period beginning
on the date immediately before the earlier to occur of (1) the completion of the change of control, and (2) the public announcement
of the change of control and ending on the trading day immediately before the trading day on which we pay the redemption price;
or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the product of (i) 125% of the amount redeemed, and (ii) the quotient of (a) the aggregate cash consideration and the aggregate
cash value of any non-cash consideration per share of our common stock to be paid to the holders of the shares of common stock
upon the completion of the change of control, and (b) the Fixed Conversion Price then in effect.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Limitations on Conversion and Issuance</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We may not issue shares of common stock
underlying a Convertible Note upon conversion or otherwise if, after giving effect to the issuance, the holder together with its
affiliates would beneficially own in excess of 9.99% of our outstanding shares of common stock. A Convertible Note holder may lower
the threshold immediately and may raise the threshold to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99% upon at least 61 days&rsquo;
prior notice. In addition, we may not issue shares of common stock underlying a Convertible Note upon conversion or otherwise if
the shares to be issued plus the number of shares previously issued under all Convertible Notes and Warrants would exceed 28,920,013
shares unless we have obtained either (i) stockholder approval pursuant to NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d) for the issuance of more
than 28,920,013 shares of our common stock under the Convertible Notes and Warrants, which stockholder approval is being requested
under this Proposal Five pursuant to this Proxy Statement, or (ii) an opinion from legal counsel that more than 28,920,013 shares
of our common stock may be issued under the Convertible Notes and Warrants under Rule 5635(d). All of the foregoing is referred
to as the &ldquo;Blocker&rdquo;.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Warrants</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Series A Warrants may be exercised on
or after March 28, 2014 and until March 28, 2015 at an initial exercise price of $0.52, subject to adjustment for stock splits,
combinations or similar events, as well as an adjustment on March 28, 2014 at which time the exercise price will be adjusted to
equal the lesser of the exercise price then in effect or 115% of the market price of our common stock on March 28, 2014.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Series B Warrants may not be exercised
unless we close the Series B Note Offering, and, if so, may be exercised on or after the first anniversary of the closing of the
Series B Note Offering and until the second anniversary of said closing. The initial exercise price of the Series B Warrants is
$0.52, subject to certain adjustments, including an adjustment on the first anniversary of the closing of the Series B Note Offering
at which time the exercise price will be adjusted to equal the lesser of the exercise price then in effect or 115% of the market
price of our common stock on the first anniversary of said closing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Warrants may be exercised for cash,
or, if a registration statement registering the exercise of the Warrants is not then current and effective, on a cashless basis.
The exercise price of the Warrants is subject to a &ldquo;weighted-average&rdquo; anti-dilution adjustment if we issue or are deemed
to have issued securities at a price lower than the then applicable exercise price. In addition, if we sell or issue any securities
with conversion or exercise prices that &ldquo;float&rdquo; based on the market price of our common stock, the holder of a Warrant
may substitute that &ldquo;floating&rdquo; price for the exercise price.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Warrant holders are entitled to receive
any dividends paid or distributions made to the holders of our common stock on an &ldquo;as if converted to common stock&rdquo;
basis. In addition, if we issue options, convertible securities, warrants, stock, or similar securities to holders of our common
stock, each holder of a Warrant has the right to acquire the same as if the holder had exercised its Warrant.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon a change of control resulting from
specified transactions, a Warrant holder may require that we repurchase the holder&rsquo;s Warrant for a purchase price in cash
equal to a Black-Scholes valuation, as calculated under the terms of the Warrants, of the then unexercised portion of the Warrant.
The Warrants also limit our ability to issue shares of common stock underlying the Warrants on the same terms as the Blocker applicable
to the Convertible Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Proposal to Approve Financing Transaction</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d) requires us
to obtain stockholder approval prior to the issuance of securities in connection with a transaction other than a public offering
involving (i) the sale, issuance or potential issuance by us of our common stock (or securities convertible into or exercisable
for our common stock) at a price less than the greater of book or market value which equals 20% or more of common stock or 20%
or more of the voting power outstanding before the issuance; or (ii) the sale, issuance or potential issuance by us of our common
stock (or securities convertible into or exercisable for our common stock) equal to 20% or more of the common stock or 20% or more
of the voting power outstanding before the issuance for less than the greater of book or market value of the stock. In the case
of the Financing Transaction, the 20% threshold is determined based on the shares of our common stock outstanding immediately preceding
a prior financing transaction (&ldquo;Prior Financing Transaction&rdquo;), the agreements for which we signed on December 19, 2012
and which NASDAQ deems integrated with the Financing Transaction. Because the issuance of shares of our common stock underlying
the Convertible Notes and Warrants may trigger our obligation to obtain stockholder approval under NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d),
the Convertible Note and Warrant holders agreed that the total shares of our common stock that may be issued under the Convertible
Notes and Warrants is limited to 19.99% of the total number of shares of our common stock outstanding immediately preceding the
Prior Financing Transaction, until we obtain stockholder approval of the Financing Transaction or a waiver of NASDAQ Listing Rule
5635(d). We are permitted to issue up to 28,920,013 shares of our common stock to the Convertible Note and Warrant holders without
obtaining stockholder approval under NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d). We are now seeking stockholder approval to issue more than 20%
of our outstanding shares of common stock to the Convertible Note and Warrant holders under the terms of the Financing Transaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We have no control over whether the Convertible
Note holders convert their Convertible Notes or whether the Warrant holders exercise their Warrants. Further, we cannot predict
the market price of our common stock at any future date, and therefore cannot predict the applicable prices at which the Convertible
Notes may be converted. In addition, the Convertible Notes and Warrants are subject to antidilution adjustment provisions which,
if triggered, may require the issuance of additional shares upon conversion or exercise. For these reasons, we are unable to accurately
forecast or predict with any certainty the total amount of shares that may be issued under the Convertible Notes or Warrants. Under
certain circumstances, however, it is possible, that we may have to issue more than 20% of our outstanding shares of common stock
to the Convertible Note and Warrant holders under the terms of the Financing Transaction. Therefore, we are seeking stockholder
approval under this proposal to issue more than 20% of our outstanding shares of common stock, if necessary, to the Convertible
Note and Warrant holders under the terms of the Financing Transaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Any transaction requiring approval by our
stockholders under NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d) would likely result in a significant increase in the number of shares of our common
stock outstanding, and, as a result, our current stockholders will own a smaller percentage of our outstanding shares of common
stock. Future issuances of securities under the Financing Transaction, if any, may cause a significant reduction in the percentage
interests of our current stockholders in the voting power, any liquidation value, our book and market value, and in any future
earnings. Further, the issuance or resale of common stock issued to the Convertible Note and Warrant holders could cause the market
price of our common stock to decline. In addition to the foregoing, the increase in the number of issued shares of common stock
in connection with the Financing Transaction may have an incidental anti-takeover effect in that additional shares could be used
to dilute the stock ownership of parties seeking to obtain control of Pacific Ethanol. The increased number of issued shares could
discourage the possibility of, or render more difficult, certain mergers, tender offers, proxy contests or other change of control
or ownership transactions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Under the NASDAQ Listing Rules, we are not
permitted (without risk of delisting) to undertake a transaction that could result in a change in control of Pacific Ethanol, as
defined by NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(b), without seeking and obtaining separate stockholder approval. We are not required to obtain
stockholder approval for the Financing Transaction under NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(b) because the Convertible Note and Warrant holders
have agreed that, for so long as they hold any shares of our common stock, neither they nor any of their affiliates will acquire
shares of our common stock which result in them and their affiliates, collectively, beneficially owning or controlling more than
9.99% of the total outstanding shares of our common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Consequences of Not Approving this Proposal</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">After extensive efforts to raise capital
on more favorable terms, we believe that the Financing Transaction is the only viable financing alternative available to us at
this time. If our stockholders do not approve this proposal, we will not be able to issue more than 20% of our outstanding shares
of common stock to the Convertible Note and Warrant holders in connection with the Financing Transaction. As a result, we may be
unable to make some of the amortization payments due under the Series A Notes in shares of our common stock or issue sufficient
shares upon exercise of the Warrants which will, in lieu of those shares, require that we pay substantial cash amounts to the Convertible
Note and Warrant holders. We do not have, and do not anticipate having, sufficient funds to make any substantial cash payments
to the Convertible Note and Warrant holders. As a further result, we will be unable to close the Series B Note Offering. If we
are unable to close the Series B Note Offering, we will likely be unable to repay $4,000,000 in debt due by our ethanol plant subsidiaries
on June 25, 2013. If we are unable to timely repay the debt, the plant subsidiaries will be in default on that debt and in cross-default
on $87,300,000 in term and revolving debt due on June 30, 2016 plus up to an additional $15,000,000 in revolving debt due June
25, 2015, all of which may be accelerated and become immediately due and payable on June 25, 2013. If these circumstances occur,
we and our direct and indirect subsidiaries, including Kinergy Marketing LLC and our plant subsidiaries would likely experience
material adverse effects that would harm our business, results of operations and future prospects.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Securities Purchase Agreement, the form
of Convertible Notes, the Base Indenture, the form of First and Second Supplemental Indentures, and the form of Warrants are attached
to this Proxy Statement as <U>Appendices B&minus;F</U>, respectively.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Required Vote of Stockholders</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d) generally requires
us to obtain stockholder approval prior to issuing more than 20% of our outstanding shares of common stock under the Financing
Transaction. The approval of Proposal Five requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes of the shares of our common
stock and Series B Preferred Stock, voting together as a single class, present at the Annual Meeting in person or by proxy and
entitled to vote.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Recommendation of the Board of Directors</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">OUR BOARD UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS A VOTE
&ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo; APPROVAL OF PROPOSAL FIVE.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Proposal
SIX<BR>
<BR>
Ratification of Appointment of<BR>
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Audit Committee has appointed the independent
registered public accounting firm of Hein &amp; Associates LLP to audit and comment on our financial statements for the year ending
December 31, 2013, and to conduct whatever audit functions are deemed necessary. Hein &amp; Associates LLP audited our financial
statements for the year ended December 31, 2012 that were included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A representative of Hein &amp; Associates
LLP is expected to be present at the Annual Meeting, will have the opportunity to make a statement if he or she so desires and
will be available to respond to appropriate questions from stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Required Vote of Stockholders</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Although a vote of stockholders is not required
on this proposal, our Board is asking our stockholders to ratify the appointment of our independent registered public accounting
firm. The ratification of the appointment of our independent registered public accounting firm requires the affirmative votes of
a majority of the votes of the shares of our common stock and Series B Preferred Stock, voting together as a single class, present
at the Annual Meeting in person or by proxy and entitled to vote.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In the event that our stockholders do not
ratify the appointment of Hein &amp; Associates LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm, the appointment will
be reconsidered by our Audit Committee. Even if the appointment is ratified, our Audit Committee, in its discretion, may direct
the appointment of a different independent registered public accounting firm at any time during the year if the Audit Committee
believes that such a change would be in our and our stockholders&rsquo; best interests.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Recommendation of the Board of Directors</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal; text-transform: uppercase">OUR
BOARD unanimously recommends a vote &ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo; </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal">RATIFICATION OF THE APPOINTMENT
OF HEIN &amp; ASSOCIATES LLP TO SERVE AS OUR INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 2013.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Other Matters</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-style: normal">Our
Board knows of no other matters to be brought before the Annual Meeting. However, if other matters should come before the Annual
Meeting, it is the intention of the person named in the proxy to vote such proxy in accordance with his judgment on such matters.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Audit Matters</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Principal Accountant Fees and Services</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table presents fees for professional
audit services rendered by Hein&nbsp;&amp; Associates LLP for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2012</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 36%; text-align: left">Audit Fees</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: right">365,100</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: right">344,700</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>Audit-Related Fees</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">8,400</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">12,600</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Tax Fees</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">All Other Fees</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">373,500</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">357,300</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Audit Fees</I>. Consist of amounts billed
for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual consolidated financial statements included in our Annual Reports
on Form&nbsp;10-K, and reviews of our interim consolidated financial statements included in our Quarterly Reports on Form&nbsp;10-Q
and our Registration Statements on Forms S-1, S-3 and S-8, including amendments thereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Audit-Related Fees</I>. Audit-Related
Fees consist of fees billed for professional services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of
our consolidated financial statements but are not reported under &ldquo;Audit Fees.&rdquo; Such fees include amounts billed for
professional services performed in connection with mergers and acquisitions. The fees for 2012 and 2011 represent amounts billed
for professional services performed in connection with the audit of a 401K plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Tax Fees.</I> Tax Fees consist of fees
for professional services for tax compliance activities, including the preparation of federal and state tax returns and related
compliance matters.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>All Other Fees</I>. Consists of amounts
billed for services other than those noted above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Hein &amp; Associates LLP did not provide
any non-audit services for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011. The Audit Committee did not, therefore, consider
whether the provision of non-audit services by Hein &amp; Associates LLP is compatible with maintaining its independence; however,
the Audit Committee has satisfied itself with respect to Hein &amp; Associates LLP&rsquo;s independence.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Audit Committee is responsible for approving
all audit, audit-related, tax and other services. The Audit Committee pre-approves all auditing services and permitted non-audit
services, including all fees and terms to be performed for us by our independent auditor at the beginning of the fiscal year. Non-audit
services are reviewed and pre-approved by project at the beginning of the fiscal year. Any additional non-audit services contemplated
by us after the beginning of the fiscal year are submitted to the Chairman of our Audit Committee for pre-approval prior to engaging
our independent auditor for such services. These interim pre-approvals are reviewed with the full Audit Committee at its next meeting
for ratification. During 2012 and 2011, all services performed by Hein &amp; Associates LLP were pre-approved by our Audit Committee
in accordance with these policies and applicable Securities and Exchange Commission regulations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>The following Audit Committee Report
is not considered proxy solicitation material and is not deemed filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary set forth in any of our previous filings made under the Securities Act or under the Exchange Act that
might incorporate future filings made by us under those statutes, the Audit Committee Report will not be incorporated by reference
into any such prior filings or into any future filings made by us under those statutes. </I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Audit Committee Report</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Audit Committee oversees our financial
reporting process on behalf of the Board and is directly responsible for the compensation, appointment and oversight of our independent
registered public accounting firm. Management is responsible for the preparation, presentation and integrity of our financial statements
and for the appropriateness of the accounting principles and reporting policies that are used. Management is also responsible for
testing the system of internal control over financial reporting, and reports to the Audit Committee on any deficiencies found.
Our independent registered public accounting firm, Hein &amp; Associates LLP, is responsible for auditing our financial statements
and expressing an opinion as to their conformity with GAAP. Under its written charter, our Audit Committee has the authority to
conduct any investigation appropriate to fulfilling its responsibilities, has direct access to our independent registered public
accounting firm as well as any of our employees, and has the ability to retain, at our expense, special legal, accounting, or other
consultants or experts it deems necessary in the performance of its duties.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Audit Committee reviewed and discussed
the audited financial statements in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 with management
and Hein &amp; Associates LLP. The Audit Committee has also discussed and reviewed with Hein &amp; Associates LLP the matters required
to be discussed by Statement on Auditing Standards No. 61, as amended (AICPA, <I>Professional Standards</I>, Vol. 1, AU section
380), as adopted by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board in Rule 3200T. In addition, the Audit Committee obtained from
Hein &amp; Associates LLP the written disclosures and the letter required by applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board regarding the independent accountants&rsquo; communications with the audit committee concerning independence and
discussed with Hein &amp; Associates LLP its independence from Pacific Ethanol, Inc. and management. Hein &amp; Associates LLP
did not provide any non-audit services for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011. The Audit Committee did not, therefore,
consider whether the provision of non-audit services by Hein &amp; Associates LLP is compatible with maintaining its independence;
however, the Audit Committee has satisfied itself with respect to Hein &amp; Associates LLP&rsquo;s independence.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Based on the reviews and discussions referred
to above, the Audit Committee recommended to our Board (and our Board approved) that the audited financial statements be included
in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 for filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5in">Respectfully submitted,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5in">Audit Committee</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.2in">Terry L. Stone</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.2in">William L. Jones</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.2in">Larry D. Layne</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 233.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table sets forth information
with respect to the beneficial ownership of our voting securities as of April ___, 2013, the date of the table, by:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>each person known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>each of our directors and director nominees;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>each of our current executive officers; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>all of our directors and executive officers as a group.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance
with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and includes voting or investment power with respect to the securities.
To our knowledge, except as indicated by footnote, and subject to community property laws where applicable, the persons named in
the table below have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock shown as beneficially owned by
them. Shares of common stock underlying derivative securities, if any, that currently are exercisable or convertible or are scheduled
to become exercisable or convertible for or into shares of common stock within 60 days after the date of the table are deemed to
be outstanding in calculating the percentage ownership of each listed person or group but are not deemed to be outstanding as to
any other person or group. Except as indicated by footnote, percentage of beneficial ownership is based on 157,216,831 shares of
common stock and 926,942 shares of Series B Preferred Stock outstanding as of the date of the table.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><B>Name
and Address of Beneficial Owner</B><SUP>(1)</SUP></P></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Title of Class</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Amount and Nature<BR> of Beneficial Ownership</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Percent<BR> of Class</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%; text-align: left">William L. Jones&#9;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24%; text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right">642,138</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">(2)*</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Series B Preferred</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">12,820</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.38</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Neil M. Koehler&#9;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4,982,972</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">(3)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3.13</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Series B Preferred</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">256,410</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">27.66</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Bryon T. McGregor&#9;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">419,921</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">(4)*</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Christopher W. Wright&#9;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">371,170</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">(5)*</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Terry L. Stone&#9;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">186,021</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">(6)*</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">John L. Prince&#9;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">181,735</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">(7)*</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Douglas L. Kieta&#9;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">188,821</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">*</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Larry D. Layne&#9;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">284,535</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">(8)*</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Michael D. Kandris&#9;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">193,878</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">*</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Frank P. Greinke&#9;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,690,724</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">(9)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.70</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Series B Preferred</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">85,180</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">9.19</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Lyles United, LLC&#9;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5,428,671</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">(10)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3.36</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Series B Preferred</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">512,820</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">55.32</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Capital Ventures International&#9;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">7,448,286</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">(11)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4.70</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Iroquois Master Fund Ltd.&#9;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">7,712,169</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">(12)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4.67</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">All executive officers and directors as a group (9 persons)&#9;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Common</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">7,451,191</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">(13)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4.67</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-left: 5.75pt">Series B Preferred</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">269,230</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">29.04</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid; width: 15%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>*</TD><TD>Less than 1.00%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 24.5pt">(1)</TD><TD>Messrs. Jones, Koehler, Stone, Prince, Kieta, Layne and Kandris are directors of Pacific Ethanol. Messrs. Koehler, McGregor,
Wright and Kandris are executive officers of Pacific Ethanol. The address of each of these persons is c/o Pacific Ethanol, Inc.,
400 Capitol Mall, Suite 2060, Sacramento, California 95814.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 24.5pt">(2)</TD><TD>Amount represents 533,743 shares of common stock held by William L. Jones and Maurine Jones, husband and wife, as community
property, 7,143 shares of common stock underlying options issued to Mr. Jones, 2,748 shares of common stock underlying a warrant
issued to Mr. Jones and 98,504 shares of common stock underlying our Series B Preferred Stock held by Mr. Jones.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>(3)</TD><TD>Amount represents 2,920,356 shares of common stock held directly, 54,945 shares of common stock underlying a warrant, 1,970,171
shares of common stock underlying our Series B Preferred Stock and 37,500 shares of common stock underlying options.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>(4)</TD><TD>Includes 17,142 shares of common stock underlying options.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>(5)</TD><TD>Includes 17,142 shares of common stock underlying options.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>(6)</TD><TD>Includes 2,143 shares of common stock underlying options.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>(7)</TD><TD>Includes 2,143 shares of common stock underlying options.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>(8)</TD><TD>Includes 100,000 shares beneficially owned by Larry D. Layne, as trustee under the Layne Family Trust.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>(9)</TD><TD>Amount represents 2,036,229 shares of common stock held directly and 654,495 shares of common stock underlying our Series B
Preferred Stock. The shares are beneficially owned by Frank P. Greinke, as trustee under the Greinke Personal Living Trust Dated
April 20, 1999. The address of Frank P. Greinke is P.O. Box 4159, 1800 W. Katella, Suite 400, Orange, California 92863.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>(10)</TD><TD>Amount represents 1,048,767 shares of common stock held directly, 439,561 shares of common stock underlying a warrant and 3,940,343
shares of common stock underlying our Series B Preferred Stock. In addition, Lyles Diversified, Inc. holds 79,983 shares of common
stock and The Lyles Foundation holds 51,707 shares of common stock. The address of Lyles United, LLC is P.O. Box 4376, Fresno,
California 93744-4376.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>(11)</TD><TD>Amount represents 6,366,925 shares of common stock and 1,081,361 shares of common stock underlying warrants. The information
with respect to the holdings of Capital Ventures International is based solely on the Schedule 13G/A filed February 13, 2013 by
Capital Ventures International and Heights Capital Management, Inc. as the reporting persons. Each of the reporting persons shares
voting and dispositive power over all shares beneficially owned. Heights Capital Management, Inc. is the investment manager to
Capital Ventures International and as such may exercise voting and dispositive power over the shares. The shares reported as beneficially
owned excludes 16,142,169 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of a warrant issued to Capital Ventures International because
the warrant contains a blocking provision under which the holder thereof does not have the right to exercise the warrant to the
extent that such exercise would result in beneficial ownership by the holder thereof or any of its affiliates, of more than 4.9%
of our shares of common stock outstanding. The address for Capital Ventures International is One Capitol Place, P.O. Box 1787 GT,
Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands, British West Indies. The address for Heights Capital Management, Inc. is 101 California Street, Suite
3250, San Francisco, California 94111. On March 28, 2013, we entered into a financing transaction and issued to Capital Ventures
International a Series A subordinated convertible note and warrants to purchase shares of our common stock. Accordingly, in addition
to the information disclosed in the aforementioned Schedule 13G/A filed February 13, 2013, we are aware that the shares reported
as beneficially owned also exclude 3,750,000 shares underlying the Series A subordinated convertible note and 17,246,250 shares
issuable upon the exercise of the warrants. The warrants are not presently exercisable and will not be exercisable within 60 days
of the date of the table.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>(12)</TD><TD>Amount represents 814 shares of common stock and 7,711,355 shares of common stock underlying a warrant. The information with
respect to the holdings of Iroquois Master Fund Ltd. is based solely on the Schedule 13G/A filed February 12, 2013 by Iroquois
Capital Management L.L.C., Joshua Silverman and Richard Abbe, as the reporting persons. Each of the reporting persons shares voting
and dispositive power over all shares beneficially owned. The shares reported as beneficially owned excludes 7,623,895 shares of
common stock issuable upon exercise of a warrant issued to Iroquois Master Fund Ltd. because the warrant contains a blocking provision
under which the holder thereof does not have the right to exercise the warrant to the extent that such exercise would result in
beneficial ownership by the holder thereof or any of its affiliates, of more than 4.9% of our shares of common stock outstanding.
The address for each of the reporting persons is 641 Lexington Avenue, 26<SUP>th</SUP> Floor, New York, New York 10022. On March
28, 2013, we entered into a financing transaction and issued to Iroquois Master Fund Ltd. a Series A subordinated convertible note
and warrants to purchase shares of our common stock. Accordingly, in addition to the information disclosed in the aforementioned
Schedule 13G/A filed February 12, 2013, we are aware that the shares reported as beneficially owned also exclude 257,000 shares
underlying the Series A subordinated convertible note and 1,181,943 shares issuable upon the exercise of the warrants. The warrants
are not presently exercisable and will not be exercisable within 60 days of the date of the table.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>(13)</TD><TD>Amount represents 5,241,610 shares of common stock held directly, 83,213 shares of common stock underlying options, 57,693
shares of common stock underlying warrants and 2,068,675 shares of common stock underlying our Series B Preferred Stock.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Section
16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: black">Section 16(a)
of the </FONT>Exchange Act <FONT STYLE="color: black">requires our executive officers and directors, and persons who beneficially
own more than 10% of a registered class of our common stock, to file initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in ownership
with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These officers, directors and stockholders are required by Securities and Exchange
Commission regulations to furnish us with copies of all reports that they file.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Based solely upon a review of copies of
the reports furnished to us during the year ended December 31, 2012 and thereafter, or any written representations received by
us from directors, officers and beneficial owners of more than 10% of our common stock (&ldquo;reporting persons&rdquo;) that no
other reports were required, we believe that, except as set forth below, all reporting persons filed on a timely basis all reports
required by Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act during the year ended December 31, 2012 or prior fiscal years.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Each of Neil M. Koehler and William L. Jones
did not timely file one Form 4 to report one transaction. We believe that each of the foregoing persons has prepared and filed
his required Form 4 to report his transaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Equity Compensation
Plan Information</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table provides information
about our common stock that may be issued upon the exercise of options, warrants and rights under all of our existing equity compensation
plans as of December 31, 2012.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">Plan Category</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">Number of<BR> Securities to be<BR> Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding<BR> Options, Warrants<BR> and Rights</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt">Weighted-Average Exercise Price
    of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Number
of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><SUP>(1)(2)</SUP></FONT></B></P></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">Equity Compensation Plans Approved by Security Holders:</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 49%; padding-top: 3pt; padding-left: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2004 Plan<SUP>(1)</SUP>&#9;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">11,429</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">57.82</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt; padding-left: 10pt">2006 Plan&#9;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">183,345</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">0.86</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">5,107,959</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">(2)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="margin-top: 3pt; margin-bottom: 3pt"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 1pt solid; width: 15%">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(1)</TD><TD>Our 2004 Stock Option Plan was terminated effective September 7, 2006, except to the extent of then-outstanding options.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(2)</TD><TD>Excludes an additional 7,500,000 shares of common stock available for future issuance upon approval by our stockholders of
an amendment to the 2006 Plan (subject to the effects of a proposed reverse stock split, if approved and implemented). The amendment
is included as Proposal Four of this Proxy Statement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Executive
Compensation and Related Information</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Executive Officers</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table sets forth certain information
regarding our executive officers as of April __, 2013:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%; padding-right: 3pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>Name</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%; padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>Age</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 59%; padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>Positions Held</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 3pt">Neil M. Koehler&#9;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt; text-align: center">55</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">Chief Executive Officer, President and Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 3pt">Bryon T. McGregor&#9;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt; text-align: center">49</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">Chief Financial Officer</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 3pt">Christopher W. Wright&#9;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt; text-align: center">60</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 3pt">Michael D. Kandris&#9;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt; text-align: center">65</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 3pt; padding-left: 3pt">Chief Operating Officer and Director</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>Neil M. Koehler</I></B> has served
as Chief Executive Officer, President and as a director since March 2005. Mr. Koehler is a co-founder of PEI California and served
as its Chief Executive Officer since its formation in January 2003 and as a member of its board of directors from March 2004 until
its dissolution in March 2012. Prior to his association with PEI California, Mr. Koehler was the co-founder and General Manager
of Parallel Products, one of the first ethanol production facilities in California, which was sold to a public company in 1997.
Mr. Koehler was also the sole manager and sole limited liability company member of Kinergy Marketing, LLC, which he founded in
September 2000, and which is one of our wholly-owned subsidiaries. Mr. Koehler has over 30 years of experience in the ethanol production,
sales and marketing industry in the Western United States. Mr. Koehler is a Director of the California Renewable Fuels Partnership,
a Director of the Renewable Fuels Association and is a nationally-recognized speaker on the production and marketing of renewable
fuels. Mr. Koehler also served as an executive officer of our plant subsidiaries at the time they filed for protection under the
United States Bankruptcy Code in 2009. Mr. Koehler has a B.A. degree in Government from Pomona College.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>Bryon T. McGregor</I></B> has served
as our Chief Financial Officer since November 19, 2009. Mr. McGregor served as Vice President, Finance at Pacific Ethanol from
September 2008 until he became Interim Chief Financial Officer in April 2009. Prior to joining Pacific Ethanol, Mr. McGregor was
employed as Senior Director for E*TRADE Financial from February 2002 to August 2008, serving in various capacities including International
Treasurer based in London, England from 2006 to 2008, Brokerage Treasurer and Director from 2003 to 2006 and Assistant Treasurer
and Director of Finance and Investor Relations from 2002 to 2003. Prior to joining E*TRADE, Mr. McGregor served as Manager of Finance
and Head of Project Finance for BP (formerly Atlantic Richfield Company &ndash; ARCO) from 1998 to 2001. Mr. McGregor has extensive
experience in banking and served as a Director of International Project Finance for Credit Suisse from 1992 to 1998, as Assistant
Vice President for Sumitomo Mitsubishi Banking Corp (formerly The Sumitomo Bank Limited) from 1989 to 1992, and as Commercial Banking
Officer for Bank of America from 1987 to 1989. Mr. McGregor has a B.S. degree in Business Management from Brigham Young University.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>Christopher W. Wright</I></B> has
served as Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since June 2006. From April 2004 until he joined Pacific Ethanol in June
2006, Mr. Wright operated an independent consulting practice, advising companies on complex transactions, including acquisitions
and financings. Prior to that time, from January 2003 to April 2004, Mr. Wright was a partner with Orrick, Herrington &amp; Sutcliffe,
LLP, and from July 1998 to December 2002, Mr. Wright was a partner with Cooley Godward LLP, where he served as Partner-in-Charge
of the Pacific Northwest office. Mr. Wright has extensive experience advising boards of directors on compliance, securities matters
and strategic transactions, with a particular focus on guiding the development of rapidly growing companies. He has acted as general
counsel for numerous technology enterprises in all aspects of corporate development, including fund-raising, business and technology
acquisitions, mergers and strategic alliances. Mr. Wright has an A.B. degree in History from Yale College and a J.D. from the University
of Chicago Law School.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B><I>Michael D. Kandris</I></B> has served
as a director since June 2008 and as our Chief Operating Officer since January 6, 2013. Mr. Kandris served as an independent contractor
with supervisory responsibility for ethanol plant operations, under the direction of our Chief Executive Officer, from January
1, 2012 to January 5, 2013. Mr. Kandris was President, Western Division of Ruan Transportation Management Systems from November
2007 until his retirement in September 2009. From January 2000 to November 2007, Mr. Kandris served as President and Chief Operating
Officer of Ruan Transportation Management Systems, where he had overall responsibility for all operations, finance and administrative
functions. Mr. Kandris has 30 years of experience in all modes of transportation and logistics. Mr. Kandris served on the Executive
Committee of the American Trucking Association and as a board member for the National Tank Truck Organization until his retirement
from Ruan Transportation Management Systems in September 2009. Mr. Kandris has a B.S. degree in Business from California State
University, Hayward.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our officers are appointed by and serve
at the discretion of our Board. There are no family relationships among our executive officers and directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Summary Compensation Table</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table sets forth summary information
concerning the compensation of our (i)&nbsp;Chief Executive Officer and President, who serves as our principal executive officer,
(ii)&nbsp;Chief Financial Officer, who serves as our principal financial officer, and (iii)&nbsp;Vice President, General Counsel
and Secretary (collectively, the &ldquo;named executive officers&rdquo;), for all services rendered in all capacities to us for
the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Name and<BR> Principal Position</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Salary<BR> ($)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Bonus<BR> ($)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Stock</B><BR>
<B>Awards</B><BR><B> ($)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><SUP>(1)</SUP></FONT></B></P></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Option</B><BR>
<B>Awards</B><BR><B> ($)<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><SUP>(2)</SUP></FONT></B></P></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Total</B><BR>
<B>($)<SUP>(3)</SUP></B></P></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; width: 31%">Neil M. Koehler <BR></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; text-align: center">2012</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">384,375</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">40,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">424,375</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Chief Executive Officer and President</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">2011</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">381,900</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">61,429</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">24,750</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">468,079</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Bryon T. McGregor </TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">2012</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">246,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">23,370</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">269,370</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Chief Financial Officer</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">2011</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">244,400</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">17,200</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">11,314</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">272,914</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Christopher W. Wright<BR></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">2012</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">246,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">23,370</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">269,370</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">2011</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">244,400</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&ndash;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">17,200</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">11,314</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">272,914</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(1)</TD><TD>The amounts shown are the fair value of stock awards on the date of grant. Fair value of stock awards is calculated by multiplying
the number of shares of stock granted by the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant. The shares of common stock
were issued under our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. Information regarding the vesting schedules for the named executive officers is
included in the footnotes to the &ldquo;Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End&minus;2012&rdquo; table below.<FONT STYLE="color: black">
</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(2)</TD><TD>The amounts shown are the aggregate grant date fair values of grants of stock options to the named executive officers pursuant
to the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (&ldquo;ASC&rdquo;) 718. For a discussion of valuation assumptions used
in ASC 718 calculations, see &ldquo;Note 10&mdash;Stock-Based Compensation&rdquo; of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
included in Part IV, Item 15 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012. The options were issued under
our 2006 Stock Incentive Plan. Information regarding the vesting schedules for the named executive officers is included in the
footnotes to the &ldquo;Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End&minus;2012&rdquo; table below.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(3)</TD><TD>The value of perquisites and other personal benefits was less than $10,000 in aggregate for each of the named executive officers.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Executive Employment Agreements</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">Neil M. Koehler</P>

<P STYLE="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Amended and Restated Executive Employment
Agreement with Mr. Koehler dated as of December 11, 2007 provides for at-will employment as our President and Chief Executive Officer.
Mr. Koehler initially received a base salary of $300,000 per year, which was increased to $375,000 effective March 1, 2008 and
further increased to $384,375 effective April 3, 2011, and is eligible to receive an annual discretionary cash bonus of up to 70%
of his base salary, to be paid based upon performance criteria set by the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon termination by Pacific Ethanol without
cause, resignation by Mr. Koehler for good reason or upon Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s disability, Mr. Koehler is entitled to receive (i)
severance equal to twelve months of base salary, (ii) continued health insurance coverage for twelve months, and (iii) accelerated
vesting of 25% of all shares or options subject to any equity awards granted to Mr. Koehler prior to Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s termination
which are unvested as of the date of termination. However, if Mr. Koehler is terminated without cause or resigns for good reason
within three months before or twelve months after a change in control, Mr. Koehler is entitled to (a) severance equal to eighteen
months of base salary, (b) continued health insurance coverage for eighteen months, and (c) accelerated vesting of 100% of all
shares or options subject to any equity awards granted to Mr. Koehler prior to Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s termination that are unvested
as of the date of termination.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The term &ldquo;for good reason&rdquo; is
defined in the Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement as (i) the assignment to Mr. Koehler of any duties or responsibilities
that result in the material diminution of Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s authority, duties or responsibility, (ii) a material reduction by
Pacific Ethanol in Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s annual base salary, except to the extent the base salaries of all other executive officers
of Pacific Ethanol are accordingly reduced, (iii) a relocation of Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s place of work, or Pacific Ethanol&rsquo;s
principal executive offices if Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s principal office is at these offices, to a location that increases Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s
daily one-way commute by more than thirty-five miles, or (iv) any material breach by Pacific Ethanol of any material provision
of the Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The term &ldquo;cause&rdquo; is defined
in the Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement as (i) Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s indictment or conviction of any felony or
of any crime involving dishonesty, (ii) Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s participation in any fraud or other act of willful misconduct against
Pacific Ethanol, (iii) Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s refusal to comply with any lawful directive of Pacific Ethanol, (iv) Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s
material breach of his fiduciary, statutory, contractual, or common law duties to Pacific Ethanol, or (v) conduct by Mr. Koehler
which, in the good faith and reasonable determination of the Board, demonstrates gross unfitness to serve; provided, however, that
in the event that any of the foregoing events is reasonably capable of being cured, Pacific Ethanol shall, within twenty days after
the discovery of the event, provide written notice to Mr. Koehler describing the nature of the event and Mr. Koehler shall thereafter
have ten business days to cure the event.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A &ldquo;change in control&rdquo; of Pacific
Ethanol is deemed to have occurred if, in a single transaction or series of related transactions (i) any person (as the term is
used in Section 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or Exchange Act), or persons acting as a group, other than
a trustee or fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit program, is or becomes a &ldquo;beneficial owner&rdquo; (as
defined in Rule 13-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly of securities of Pacific Ethanol representing a majority of
the combined voting power of Pacific Ethanol, (ii) there is a merger, consolidation or other business combination transaction of
Pacific Ethanol with or into another corporation, entity or person, other than a transaction in which the holders of at least a
majority of the shares of voting capital stock of Pacific Ethanol outstanding immediately prior to the transaction continue to
hold (either by the shares remaining outstanding or by their being converted into shares of voting capital stock of the surviving
entity) a majority of the total voting power represented by the shares of voting capital stock of Pacific Ethanol (or the surviving
entity) outstanding immediately after the transaction, or (iii) all or substantially all of our assets are sold.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Bryon T. McGregor</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Amended and Restated Executive Employment
Agreement with Mr. McGregor effective as of November 25, 2009 provides for at-will employment as our Chief Financial Officer. Mr.
McGregor initially received a base salary of $240,000 per year, which was increased to $246,000 effective April 3, 2011, and is
eligible to receive an annual discretionary cash bonus of up to 50% of his base salary, to be paid based upon performance criteria
set by the Board. All other terms and conditions of Mr. McGregor&rsquo;s Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement are
substantially the same as those contained in Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Christopher W. Wright</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Amended and Restated Executive Employment
Agreement with Mr. Wright dated as of December 11, 2007 provides for at-will employment as our Vice President, General Counsel
and Secretary. Mr. Wright initially received a base salary of $225,000 per year, which was increased to $240,000 effective March
1, 2008 and further increased to $246,000 effective April 3, 2011, and is eligible to receive an annual discretionary cash bonus
of up to 50% of his base salary, to be paid based upon performance criteria set by the Board. All other terms and conditions of
Mr. Wright&rsquo;s Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement are substantially the same as those contained in Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s
Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Michael Kandris</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Executive Employment Agreement with
Mr. Kandris dated as of January 6, 2013 provides for at-will employment as our Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Kandris&rsquo; base
salary is $246,000 per year and he is eligible to receive an annual discretionary cash bonus of up to 50% of his base salary, to
be paid based upon performance criteria set by the Board. All other terms and conditions of Mr. Kandris&rsquo;s Executive Employment
Agreement are substantially the same as those contained in Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><I>Clawback Policy</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In 2011, our Compensation Committee instituted
a &ldquo;clawback&rdquo; policy with respect to incentive compensation. Except as otherwise required by applicable law and regulations,
the clawback policy applies to any incentive-based compensation awarded or paid after January 1, 2011. The clawback policy mitigates
the risks associated with our compensation policies, because certain executive officers will be required to repay compensation
in the circumstances identified in the policy. The clawback policy requires recoupment of the incentive based compensation paid
or granted to certain executive officers in the event of a material noncompliance with any financial reporting requirements under
the federal securities laws (other than to comply with changes in applicable accounting principles).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Compensation Committee will reevaluate
and, if necessary, revise our clawback policy to comply with the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act once
the rules implementing the clawback requirements have been finalized by the Securities and Exchange Commission.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End &ndash; 2012</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table sets forth information
about outstanding equity awards held by our named executive officers as of December 31, 2012.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="13" STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><B>Option Awards</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt"><B>Stock Awards</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt"><B>Name</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt"><B>Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Exercisable</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt"><B>Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options (#) Unexercisable</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt"><B>Option Exercise Price ($)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt"><B>Option Expiration Date</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt"><B>Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested (#)</B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><SUP>(1)</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-top: 3pt"><B>Market Value of Shares<BR> or Units of Stock That Have Not Vested($)</B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><SUP>(2)</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 22%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">Neil M. Koehler</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">18,750<SUP>(3)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">37,500<SUP>(3)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">0.86</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 11%; text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">8/1/2021</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">42,856<SUP>(4)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">13,714</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">53,571<SUP>(5)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">17,143</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">Bryon T. McGregor</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">8,571<SUP>(6)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">17,143<SUP>(6)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">0.86</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">8/1/2021</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">12,000<SUP>(7)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">3,840</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">15,000<SUP>(8)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">4,800</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">Christopher W. Wright</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">8,571<SUP>(6)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">17,143<SUP>(6)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">0.86</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">8/1/2021</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">12,000<SUP>(7)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">3,840</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">15,000<SUP>(8)</SUP></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 3pt">4,800</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 3pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 27pt">(1)</TD><TD>The stock awards reported in the above table represent shares of restricted stock and stock options granted under our 2006
Plan.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 27pt">(2)</TD><TD>Represents the fair market value per share of our common stock on December 31, 2012, which was $0.32, multiplied by the number
of shares that had not vested as of that date.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 27pt">(3)</TD><TD>Represents stock options granted on August 1, 2011. The option vested as to 18,750 shares on April 1, 2012 and will vest as
to 18,750 shares on each of April 1, 2013 and 2014.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 27pt">(4)</TD><TD>Represents shares granted on October 20, 2010. Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s grant vests as to 21,428 shares on each of October 4, 2013
and 2014.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 27pt">(5)</TD><TD>Represents shares granted on August 1, 2011. Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s grant vests as to 17,857 shares on each of April 1, 2013,
2014 and 2015.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 27pt">(6)</TD><TD>Represents stock options granted on August 1, 2011. The option vested as to 8,571 shares on April 1, 2012 and will vest as
to 8,571 shares on April 1, 2013 and as to 8,572 shares on April 1, 2014.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 27pt">(7)</TD><TD>Represents shares granted on October 20, 2010. The grant vests as to 6,000 shares on each of October 4, 2013 and 2014.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 27pt">(8)</TD><TD>Represents shares granted on August 1, 2011. The grant vests as to 5,000 shares on each of April 1, 2013, 2014 and 2015.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><B>Policies and Procedures for Approval of
Related Party Transactions</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Board has the responsibility to review
and discuss with management and approve, and has adopted written policies and procedures relating to approval or ratification of,
interested transactions with related parties. During this process, the material facts as to the related party&rsquo;s interest
in a transaction are disclosed to all Board members or the Audit Committee. Under the policies and procedures, the Board, through
the Audit Committee, is to review each interested transaction with a related party that requires approval and either approve or
disapprove of the entry into the interested transaction. An interested transaction is any transaction in which we are a participant
and in which any related party has or will have a direct or indirect interest. Transactions that are in the ordinary course of
business and would not require either disclosure required by Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act or approval
of the Board or an independent committee of the Board as required by applicable NASDAQ rules would not be deemed interested transactions.
No director may participate in any approval of an interested transaction with respect to which he or she is a related party. Our
Board intends to approve only those related party transactions that are in the best interests of Pacific Ethanol and our stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Other than as described below or elsewhere
in this Proxy Statement, since January 1, 2011, there has not been a transaction or series of related transactions to which Pacific
Ethanol was or is a party involving an amount in excess of $120,000 and in which any director, executive officer, holder of more
than 5% of any class of our voting securities, or any member of the immediate family of any of the foregoing persons, had or will
have a direct or indirect material interest. All of the below transactions were separately approved by our Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Certain Relationships and Related Transactions</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Miscellaneous</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We are or have been a party to employment
and compensation arrangements with related parties, as more particularly described above in &ldquo;Management&mdash;Executive Employment
Agreements.&rdquo; We have entered into an indemnification agreement with each of our directors and executive officers. The indemnification
agreements and our certificate of incorporation and bylaws require us to indemnify our directors and officers to the fullest extent
permitted by Delaware law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Neil M. Koehler</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Series B Preferred Stock</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On May 20, 2008, we sold to Neil M. Koehler,
who is our President and Chief Executive Officer and one of our directors, 256,410 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock, all
of which were initially convertible into an aggregate of 109,890 shares of our common stock based on an initial preferred-to-common
conversion ratio of approximately 1-for-0.43, and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 54,945 shares of our common stock at an
exercise price of $49.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $5,000,000. As a result of various anti-dilution adjustments,
the conversion ratio of the Series B Preferred Stock has declined to approximately 1-for-7.7. For each of the years ended December
31, 2012 and 2011, we accrued cash dividends in the amount of $350,000 in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by
Mr. Koehler.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On August 21, 2012, we entered into an agreement
with Mr. Koehler under which $105,000 of the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held
by Mr. Koehler were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per share of $0.31. We made such payment by issuing an
aggregate of 338,709 shares of common stock to Mr. Koehler on August 24, 2012. On December 26, 2012, we entered into an agreement
with Mr. Koehler under which $105,000 of the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held
by Mr. Koehler were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per share of $0.34. We made such payment by issuing an
aggregate of 311,301 shares of common stock to Mr. Koehler on December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2012, in aggregate, dividends
totaling $840,000 had not been paid. On March 27, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Mr. Koehler under which $105,000 of the
accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by Mr. Koehler were to be paid in shares of
our common stock at a price per share of $0.35. We made such payment by issuing an aggregate of 300,000 shares of common stock
to Mr. Koehler on March 28, 2013.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Loan Transaction</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On March 30, 2009, we entered into an unsecured
promissory note in favor of Mr. Koehler. The promissory note was for the principal amount of $1,000,000. Interest on the unpaid
principal amount of the promissory note accrues at a rate per annum of 8.00%. On March 29, 2010, we entered into an amendment to
the promissory note to extend its maturity date to January 5, 2011. On October 29, 2010, we paid all accrued interest under the
promissory note, totaling $126,500. On November 5, 2010, we entered into an amendment to the promissory note extending its maturity
date to March 31, 2012. On December 31, 2010, we paid all accrued interest under the promissory note, totaling $13,774. On November
30, 2011, we made a principal payment of $250,000, resulting in an unpaid principal balance of $750,000. On March 7, 2012, we entered
into an amendment to the promissory note further extending its maturity date to March 31, 2013. On February 7, 2013, we entered
into an amendment to the promissory note further extending its maturity date to March 31, 2014. For the year ended December 31,
2012, we paid all accrued interest under the promissory note, totaling $60,164.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Restricted Stock and Option Grants</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On August 1, 2011, we granted 71,429 shares
of our restricted common stock to Mr. Koehler in consideration of services provided. The value of the common stock was determined
to be $61,429. On August 1, 2011, we also granted to Mr. Koehler an option to purchase up to 56,250 shares of our common stock
at an exercise price of $0.86 per share as incentive compensation. The option vested as to 33.3% of the shares on each of April
1, 2012 and 2013 and vests as to the final 33.3% of the shares on April 1, 2014.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On March 1, 2013, we granted 1,000,000 shares
of our restricted common stock to Mr. Koehler in consideration of services provided. The value of the common stock was determined
to be $381,000.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Paul P. Koehler </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Paul P. Koehler, a brother of Neil M. Koehler,
is employed by us as Vice President of Corporate Development at an annual salary of $220,000.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On May 20, 2008, we sold to Mr. Koehler
12,820 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock, all of which were initially convertible into an aggregate of 5,494 shares of our
common stock based on an initial preferred-to-common conversion ratio of approximately 1-for-0.43, and warrants to purchase an
aggregate of 2,747 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $49.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $250,000.
As a result of various anti-dilution adjustments, the conversion ratio of the Series B Preferred Stock has declined to approximately
1-for-7.7. For each of the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, we accrued cash dividends in the amount of $17,500 in respect
of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by Mr. Koehler.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On August 21, 2012, we entered into an agreement
with Mr. Koehler under which $5,250 of the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by
Mr. Koehler were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per share of $0.31. We made such payment by issuing an aggregate
of 16,935 shares of common stock to Mr. Koehler on August 24, 2012. On December 26, 2012, we entered into an agreement with Mr.
Koehler under which $5,250 of the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by Mr. Koehler
were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per share of $0.34. We made such payment by issuing an aggregate of 15,564
shares of common stock to Mr. Koehler on December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2012, in aggregate, dividends totaling $42,000 had
not been paid. On March 27, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Mr. Koehler under which $5,250 of the accrued and unpaid dividends
in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by Mr. Koehler were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per
share of $0.35. We made such payment by issuing an aggregate of 14,999 shares of common stock to Mr. Koehler on March 28, 2013.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Restricted Stock Grants</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On August 1, 2011, we granted 10,714 shares
of our restricted common stock to Mr. Koehler in consideration of services provided. The value of the common stock was determined
to be $9,214.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On January 7, 2013, we granted 187,500 shares
of our restricted common stock to Mr. Koehler in consideration of services provided. The value of the common stock was determined
to be $67,406.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Thomas D. Koehler</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On May 20, 2008, we sold to Thomas D. Koehler,
a brother of Neil M. Koehler, who is our President and Chief Executive Officer and one of our directors, 12,820 shares of our Series
B Preferred Stock, all of which were initially convertible into an aggregate of 5,494 shares of our common stock based on an initial
preferred-to-common conversion ratio of approximately 1-for-0.43, and warrants to purchase an aggregate of 2,747 shares of our
common stock at an exercise price of $49.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $250,000. As a result of various anti-dilution
adjustments, the conversion ratio of the Series B Preferred Stock has declined to approximately 1-for-7.7. For each of the years
ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, we accrued cash dividends in the amount of $17,500 in respect of shares of Series B Preferred
Stock held by Mr. Koehler.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On August 21, 2012, we entered into an agreement
with Mr. Koehler under which $5,250 of the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by
Mr. Koehler were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per share of $0.31. We made such payment by issuing an aggregate
of 16,935 shares of common stock to Mr. Koehler on August 24, 2012. On December 26, 2012, we entered into an agreement with Mr.
Koehler under which $5,250 of the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by Mr. Koehler
were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per share of $0.34. We made such payment by issuing an aggregate of 15,564
shares of common stock to Mr. Koehler on December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2012, in aggregate, dividends totaling $42,000 had
not been paid. On March 27, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Mr. Koehler under which $5,250 of the accrued and unpaid dividends
in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by Mr. Koehler were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per
share of $0.35. We made such payment by issuing an aggregate of 14,999 shares of common stock to Mr. Koehler on March 28, 2013.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On April 1, 2008, we entered into an Independent
Contractor Services Agreement with Mr. Koehler for the provision of strategic consulting services, including in connection with
promoting Pacific Ethanol, and ethanol as a fuel additive and transportation fuel, with governmental agencies. Mr. Koehler was
compensated at a rate of $5,000 per month under this arrangement from April 1, 2008 through September 30, 2010. Effective October
1, 2010, Mr. Koehler&rsquo;s compensation was increased to $7,500 per month.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>William L. Jones</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Series B Preferred Stock</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On May 20, 2008, we sold to Mr. Jones 12,820
shares of our Series B Preferred Stock, all of which were initially convertible into an aggregate of 5,494 shares of our common
stock based on an initial preferred-to-common conversion ratio of approximately 1-for-0.43, and warrants to purchase an aggregate
of 2,747 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $49.00 per share, for an aggregate purchase price of $250,000. As a
result of various anti-dilution adjustments, the conversion ratio of the Series B Preferred Stock has declined to approximately
1-for-7.7. For each of the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, we accrued cash dividends in the amount of $17,500 in respect
of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by Mr. Jones.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On August 21, 2012, we entered into an agreement
with Mr. Jones under which $5,250 of the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by
Mr. Jones were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per share of $0.31. We made such payment by issuing an aggregate
of 16,935 shares of common stock to Mr. Jones on August 24, 2012. On December 26, 2012, we entered into an agreement with Mr. Jones
under which $5,250 of the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by Mr. Jones were
to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per share of $0.34. We made such payment by issuing an aggregate of 15,564
shares of common stock to Mr. Jones on December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2012, in aggregate, dividends totaling $42,000 had
not been paid. On March 27, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Mr. Jones under which $5,250 of the accrued and unpaid dividends
in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by Mr. Jones were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per
share of $0.35. We made such payment by issuing an aggregate of 14,999 shares of common stock to Mr. Jones on March 28, 2013.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Loan Transaction</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On March 30, 2009, we entered into an unsecured
promissory note in favor of Mr. Jones. The promissory note was for the principal amount of $1,000,000. Interest on the unpaid principal
amount of the promissory note accrued at a rate per annum of 8.00%. On October 29, 2010, we paid $750,000 in principal and all
accrued interest under the promissory note, totaling $127,000. On November 5, 2010, we entered into an amendment to the promissory
note extending its maturity date to March 31, 2012. On December 31, 2010, we paid all accrued interest under the promissory note,
totaling $3,000. On November 30, 2011, we paid in full the remainder of the outstanding balance of $250,000 on the promissory note.
For the year ended December 31, 2011, we paid all accrued interest under the promissory note, totaling $18,300.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Restricted Stock Grants</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On August 1, 2011, we granted 11,429 shares
of our restricted common stock to Mr. Jones, the Chairman of our Board, in consideration of services provided. The value of the
common stock was determined to be $9,829.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On January 7, 2013, we granted 200,000 shares
of our restricted common stock to Mr. Jones in consideration of services provided. The value of the common stock was determined
to be $71,900.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Michael</I></B><I> <B>D. Kandris</B></I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Consulting Services</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">During the years ended December 31, 2012
and 2011, Mr. Kandris provided consulting services to us concerning ethanol plant operations and was paid $239,135 and $203,076,
respectively, for his services.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Restricted Stock Grants</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On August 1, 2011, we granted 8,571 shares
of our restricted common stock to each of our non-employee directors (except for the Chairman of our Board, Mr. Jones) in consideration
of services provided. The value of the common stock was determined to be $7,371.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On January 7, 2013, we granted 150,000 shares
of our restricted common stock to each of our non-employee directors (except for the Chairman of our Board, Mr. Jones) in consideration
of services provided. The value of the common stock was determined to be $53,925.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Christopher W. Wright</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On August 1, 2011, we granted 20,000 shares
of our restricted common stock to Mr. Wright in consideration of services provided. The value of the common stock was determined
to be $17,200. On August 1, 2011, we also granted to Mr. Wright an option to purchase up to 25,714 shares of our common stock at
an exercise price of $0.86 per share as incentive compensation. The option vested as to 33.3% of the shares on each of April 1,
2012 and 2013 and vests as to the final 33.3% of the shares on April 1, 2014.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On March 1, 2013, we granted 350,000 shares
of our restricted common stock to Mr. Wright in consideration of services provided. The value of the common stock was determined
to be $133,350.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Bryon T. McGregor</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On August 1, 2011, we granted 20,000 shares
of our restricted common stock to Mr. McGregor in consideration of services provided. The value of the common stock was determined
to be $17,200. On August 1, 2011, we also granted to Mr. McGregor an option to purchase up to 25,714 shares of our common stock
at an exercise price of $0.86 per share as incentive compensation. The option vested as to 33.3% of the shares on each of April
1, 2012 and 2013 and vests as to the final 33.3% of the shares on April 1, 2014.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On March 1, 2013, we granted 350,000 shares
of our restricted common stock to Mr. McGregor in consideration of services provided. The value of the common stock was determined
to be $133,350.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Terry L. Stone, John L. Prince, Douglas
L. Kieta and Larry D. Layne</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Messrs. Stone, Prince, Kieta and Layne serve
as non-employee directors on our Board. On August 1, 2011, we granted 8,571 shares of our restricted common stock to each of our
non-employee directors (except for the Chairman of our Board, Mr. Jones) in consideration of services provided. The value of the
common stock granted to each of Messrs. Stone, Prince, Kieta and Layne on August 1, 2011 was determined to be $7,371.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On January 7, 2013, we granted 150,000 shares
of our restricted common stock to each of our non-employee directors (except for the Chairman of our Board, Mr. Jones) in consideration
of services provided. The value of the common stock granted to each of Messrs. Stone, Prince, Kieta and Layne on January 7, 2013
was determined to be $53,925.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Lyles United, LLC</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On March 27, 2008, we sold to Lyles United,
LLC, or Lyles United, 2,051,282 shares of our Series B Preferred Stock, all of which were initially convertible into an aggregate
of 879,121 shares of our common stock based on an initial preferred-to-common conversion ratio of approximately 1-for-0.43, and
warrants to purchase an aggregate of 439,560 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $49.00 per share, for an aggregate
purchase price of $40,000,000. As a result of various anti-dilution adjustments, the conversion ratio of the Series B Preferred
Stock has declined to approximately 1-for-7.7. For each of the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, we accrued cash dividends
in the amount of $700,000 in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by Lyles United.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On August 21, 2012, we entered into an agreement
with Lyles United under which $367,068 of the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held
by Lyles United were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per share of $0.31. We made such payment by issuing an
aggregate of 1,184,091 shares of common stock to Lyles United on August 24, 2012. On December 26, 2012, we entered into an agreement
with Lyles United under which $367,068 of the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held
by Lyles United were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per share of $0.34. We made such payment by issuing an
aggregate of 1,088,275 shares of common stock to Lyles United on December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2012, in aggregate, dividends
totaling $2,936,546 had not been paid. On March 27, 2013, we entered into an agreement with Lyles United under which $367,068 of
the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by Lyles United were to be paid in shares
of our common stock at a price per share of $0.35. We made such payment by issuing an aggregate of 1,048,767 shares of common stock
to Lyles United on March 28, 2013.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Frank P. Greinke</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Series B Preferred Stock</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">For each of the years ended December 31,
2012 and 2011, we accrued cash dividends in the amount of $116,000 in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by the
Greinke Personal Living Trust Dated April 20, 1999 (&ldquo;Greinke Trust&rdquo;). Frank P. Greinke is one of our former directors
and the trustee of the holder of shares of our issued and outstanding Series B Preferred Stock. The Greinke Trust acquired its
shares of Series B Preferred Stock from Lyles United in December 2009. On January 4, 2011, the Greinke Trust converted 170,358
shares of Series B Preferred Stock into 142,857 shares of our common stock. On January 10, 2011, the Greinke Trust converted 233,782
shares of Series B Preferred Stock into 196,042 shares of our common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Shares of our Series B Preferred Stock,
which were initially convertible into shares of our common stock based on an initial preferred-to-common conversion ratio of approximately
1-for-0.43, were converted into shares of our common stock based on lower conversion ratios resulting from various anti-dilution
adjustments, thereby increasing the number of shares of common stock issued to the Greinke Trust in connection with its conversions
of our Series B Preferred Stock. The current conversion ratio is approximately 1-for-7.7.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On August 21, 2012, we entered into an agreement
with the Greinke Trust under which $189,656 of the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock
held by the Greinke Trust were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per share of $0.31. We made such payment by
issuing an aggregate of 611,795 shares of common stock to the Greinke Trust on August 24, 2012. On December 26, 2012, we entered
into an agreement with the Greinke Trust under which $189,656 of the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series
B Preferred Stock held by the Greinke Trust were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per share of $0.34. We made
such payment by issuing an aggregate of 562,288 shares of common stock to the Greinke Trust on December 31, 2012. As of December
31, 2012, in aggregate, dividends totaling $1,517,250 had not been paid. On March 27, 2013, we entered into an agreement with the
Greinke Trust under which $189,656 of the accrued and unpaid dividends in respect of shares of Series B Preferred Stock held by
the Greinke Trust were to be paid in shares of our common stock at a price per share of $0.35. We made such payment by issuing
an aggregate of 541,875 shares of common stock to the Greinke Trust on March 28, 2013.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><I>Sales of Ethanol</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">During the years ended December 31, 2012
and 2011, we contracted with Southern Counties Oil Co., an entity controlled by Mr. Greinke, for sales of ethanol in an aggregate
amount of approximately $1,062,600 and $11,775,000, respectively.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><B><I>Ryan W. Turner</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Mr. Turner was appointed to our Board in
February 2010. We paid $14,539 in director fees to Mr. Turner for services provided as a member of our Board during 2011. On April
4, 2011, Mr. Turner chose not to stand for reelection as a member of our Board and his directorship ceased on May 9, 2011.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">Other Information</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Stockholder Proposals</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Pursuant to Rule 14a&ndash;8 under the Exchange
Act, proposals by stockholders that are intended for inclusion in our Proxy Statement and proxy card and to be presented at our
next annual meeting must be received by us no later than December 30, 2013 in order to be considered for inclusion in our proxy
materials relating to the next annual meeting. Such proposals shall be addressed to our corporate Secretary at Pacific Ethanol,
Inc., 400 Capitol Mall, Suite 2060, Sacramento, California 95814 and may be included in next year&rsquo;s annual meeting proxy
materials if they comply with rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission governing stockholder proposals.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Stockholder nominations of persons for election
to our Board, or proposals by stockholders that are not intended for inclusion in our proxy materials, may be made by any stockholder
who timely and completely complies with the notice procedures contained in our bylaws, was a stockholder of record at the time
of giving of notice and is entitled to vote at the meeting, so long as the proposal is a proper matter for stockholder action and
the stockholder otherwise complies with the provisions of our bylaws and applicable law. However, stockholder nominations of persons
for election to our Board at a special meeting may only be made if our Board has determined that directors are to be elected at
the special meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">To be timely, stockholder nominations of
persons for election to our Board, or proposals not intended for inclusion in our proxy materials, must be delivered to our Secretary
at our corporate headquarters not later than:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>In the case of an annual meeting, the close of business on March 17, 2014. However, if the date of the meeting has changed
more than 30 days from the date of the prior year&rsquo;s meeting, then in order for the stockholder&rsquo;s notice to be timely
it must be delivered to our corporate Secretary a reasonable time before we mail our proxy materials for the current year&rsquo;s
meeting. For purposes of the preceding sentence, a &ldquo;reasonable time&rdquo; coincides with any adjusted deadline we publicly
announce.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>In the case of a special meeting, the close of business on the 7th day following the day on which we first publicly announce
the date of the special meeting.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Except as otherwise provided by law, if
the chairperson of the meeting determines that a nomination or any business proposed to be brought before a meeting was not made
or proposed in accordance with the procedures set forth in our bylaws and summarized above, the chairperson may prohibit the nomination
or proposal from being presented at the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Available Information</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We are subject to the informational requirements
of the Exchange Act. In accordance with the Exchange Act, we file reports, proxy statements and other information with the Securities
and Exchange Commission. These materials can be inspected and copied at the Public Reference Room maintained by the Securities
and Exchange Commission at 100&nbsp;F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation
of the Public Reference Room by calling the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330. Our common stock trades on The
NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol &ldquo;PEIX.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Annual Report</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A copy of our Annual Report on Form 10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2012 has been provided concurrently with this Proxy Statement (or made available electronically,
for stockholders who elected to access these materials over the Internet) to all stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote
at the Annual Meeting. The Annual Report is not incorporated by reference into this Proxy Statement and is not deemed to be a
part of our proxy solicitation materials. Copies of our Annual Report on Form 10-K (without exhibits) for the year ended December
31, 2012 will be furnished by first class mail, without charge, to any person from whom the accompanying proxy is solicited upon
written or oral request to Pacific Ethanol, Inc., 400 Capitol Mall, Suite 2060, Sacramento, California 95814, Attention: Investor
Relations, telephone (916)&nbsp;403-2123. If exhibit copies are requested, a copying charge of $0.20 per page applies. In addition,
all of our public filings, including our Annual Report, can be found free of charge on the website of the Securities and Exchange
Commission at <FONT STYLE="color: Blue"><U>http://www.sec.gov</U></FONT>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>ALL STOCKHOLDERS ARE URGED TO COMPLETE,
SIGN AND RETURN PROMPTLY THE ACCOMPANYING PROXY CARD IN THE ENCLOSED ENVELOPE.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><B>PROXY FOR 2013 ANNUAL
MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><B>PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><B>THIS PROXY IS SOLICITED
ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The undersigned stockholder of Pacific Ethanol,
Inc. (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) hereby constitutes and appoints Neil M. Koehler and William L. Jones, and each of them, with the
power to appoint their substitute(s), as attorney and proxy to appear, attend and vote all of the shares of common stock of the
Company standing in the name of the undersigned on the record date at the 2013 annual meeting of stockholders of the Company to
be held at 9:00 a.m., local time, on Tuesday, June 18, 2013 at<U>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</U>,
Sacramento, California 95814, and at any adjournment or adjournments thereof, upon the below proposals. The Company&rsquo;s Board
of Directors recommends a vote &ldquo;<B>FOR</B>&rdquo; each of the following proposals:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">1.</TD><TD>To elect seven directors to serve on the Company&rsquo;s Board of Directors until the next annual meeting of stockholders and/or
until their successors are duly elected and qualified, as follows:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;FOR all nominees listed below, except</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 45%; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;WITHHOLD AUTHORITY to </TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;as marked to the contrary below </TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;vote for all nominees listed below</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 5%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 90%">(INSTRUCTION: To withhold authority to vote for any individual nominee, strike a line through the nominee&rsquo;s name in the
list provided below.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.5in">William L. Jones</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.5in">Neil M. Koehler</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.5in">Terry L. Stone</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.5in">John L. Prince</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.5in">Douglas L. Kieta</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.5in">Larry D. Layne</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.5in">Michael D. Kandris</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">2.</TD><TD>To approve the 2012 compensation of the Company&rsquo;s named executive officers, as disclosed in the proxy statement pursuant
to the compensation disclosure rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (&ldquo;say-on-pay&rdquo;).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;FOR approval</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;AGAINST approval</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;ABSTAIN</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">3.</TD><TD>To recommend conducting an advisory vote on executive compensation every one, two or three years.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;ONE year</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;TWO years</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;THREE years</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;ABSTAIN</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">4.</TD><TD>To approve an amendment to the Company&rsquo;s 2006 Stock Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized
for issuance under the plan from 6,214,285 shares to 13,714,285 shares (subject to the effects of a proposed reverse stock split,
if approved and implemented).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;FOR approval</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;AGAINST approval</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;ABSTAIN</TD></TR>
</TABLE>




<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">5.</TD><TD>To authorize, for purposes of complying with NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d), the Company to issue, under the terms of that certain
Securities Purchase Agreement dated March 28, 2013 by and among the Company and the investors listed on the Schedule of Buyers
thereto, and related documents, in excess of that number of shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock equal to 20% of the total
number of shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock outstanding as of December 19, 2012.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;FOR approval</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;AGAINST approval</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;ABSTAIN</TD></TR>
</TABLE>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">6.</TD><TD>To ratify the appointment of Hein &amp; Associates LLP as the Company&rsquo;s independent registered public accounting firm
for the year ending December 31, 2013.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;FOR approval</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;AGAINST approval</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;ABSTAIN</TD></TR>
</TABLE>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">7.</TD><TD>To transact such other business as may properly come before the annual meeting or any adjournment(s) or postponement(s) thereof.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>THIS PROXY, WHEN PROPERLY EXECUTED, WILL
BE VOTED IN THE MANNER DIRECTED BY THE UNDERSIGNED STOCKHOLDER. IF NO DIRECTION IS MADE, THIS PROXY WILL BE VOTED &ldquo;FOR&rdquo;
THE PROPOSALS INDICATED AND IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE DISCRETION OF THE PROXY HOLDER ON ANY OTHER BUSINESS. ALL OTHER PROXIES HERETOFORE
GIVEN BY THE UNDERSIGNED IN CONNECTION WITH THE ACTIONS PROPOSED ON THIS PROXY CARD ARE HEREBY EXPRESSLY REVOKED. THIS PROXY MAY
BE REVOKED AT ANY TIME BEFORE IT IS VOTED BY WRITTEN NOTICE TO THE SECRETARY OF THE COMPANY, BY ISSUANCE OF A SUBSEQUENT PROXY
OR BY VOTING IN PERSON AT THE ANNUAL MEETING.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Please mark, date, sign and return this
proxy promptly in the enclosed envelope. When shares are held by joint tenants, both should sign. When signing as attorney, as
executor, administrator, trustee or guardian, please give full title as such. If a corporation, please sign in full corporate name
by President or other authorized officer. If a partnership, please sign in partnership name by authorized person.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3in; text-indent: 0in">DATED:________________________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3in; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3in; text-indent: 0in">_______________________________________________<BR>
(Signature of Stockholder(s))</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3in; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3in; text-indent: 0in">_______________________________________________<BR>
(Print Name(s) Here)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3in; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3in; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&pound;</FONT>&#9;PLEASE
CHECK IF YOU ARE PLANNING<BR>
&#9;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;TO ATTEND THE ANNUAL MEETING.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3in; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">Important Notice
Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the STOCKHOLDER Meeting to be Held on JUNE 18, 2013. Our Proxy Statement and
2012 Annual Report to Stockholders are available at WWW.PROXYVOTE.COM. YOU WILL NEED THE 12 DIGIT CONTROL NUMBER LISTED ON YOUR
PROXY CARD IN ORDER TO ACCESS THE SITE AND VIEW THE MATERIALS ONLINE.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">APPENDIX A</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>2006 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>(As Amended Through June 18, 2013)</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 4.5pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -4.5pt"><B>ARTICLE
ONE</B><BR>
<B><U>GENERAL PROVISIONS</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 4.5pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -4.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>I.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Purpose
of the Plan</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">This 2006 Stock Incentive Plan is intended
to promote the interests of Pacific Ethanol, Inc. by providing eligible persons in the Corporation&rsquo;s service with the opportunity
to acquire a proprietary or economic interest, or otherwise increase their proprietary or economic interest, in the Corporation
as an incentive for them to remain in such service and render superior performance during such service. Capitalized terms not otherwise
defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the attached Appendix.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>II.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Structure
of the Plan</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan is divided into two equity-based
incentive programs:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the Discretionary Grant Program, under which eligible persons may, at the discretion of the Plan Administrator, be granted
options to purchase shares of common stock or stock appreciation rights tied to the value of such common stock; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the Stock Issuance Program, under which eligible persons may be issued shares of common stock pursuant to restricted stock
or restricted stock unit awards or other stock-based awards, made by and at the discretion of the Plan Administrator, that vest
upon the completion of a designated service period and/or the attainment of pre-established performance milestones, or under which
shares of common stock may be issued through direct purchase or as a bonus for services rendered to the Corporation (or any Parent
or Subsidiary).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The provisions of <U>Articles One
and Four</U> shall apply to all equity programs under the Plan and shall govern the interests of all persons under the Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>III.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Administration
of the Plan</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
The Compensation Committee shall have sole and exclusive authority to administer the Discretionary Grant and Stock Issuance
Programs, provided, however, that the Board may retain, reassume or exercise from time to time the power to administer those
programs with respect to all persons. However, any discretionary Awards to members of the Compensation Committee must be
authorized and approved by a disinterested majority of the Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan Administrator shall, within
the scope of its administrative functions under the Plan, have full power and authority (subject to the provisions of the Plan)
to establish such rules and regulations as it may deem appropriate for proper administration of the Discretionary Grant and Stock
Issuance Programs and to make such determinations under, and issue such interpretations of, the provisions of those programs and
any outstanding Awards thereunder as it may deem necessary or advisable. Decisions of the Plan Administrator within the scope of
its administrative functions under the Plan shall be final and binding on all parties who have an interest in the Discretionary
Grant and Stock Issuance Programs under its jurisdiction or any Award thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Service on the Compensation Committee
shall constitute service as a Board member, and members of each such committee shall accordingly be entitled to full indemnification
and reimbursement as Board members for their service on such committee. No member of the Compensation Committee shall be liable
for any act or omission made in good faith with respect to the Plan or any Award under the Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>IV.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Eligibility</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The
persons eligible to participate in the Discretionary Grant and Stock Issuance Programs are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&#9;Employees;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;non-employee
members of the Board or the board of directors of any Parent or Subsidiary; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Consultants.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan Administrator shall, within
the scope of its administrative jurisdiction under the Plan, have full authority to determine (i) with respect to Awards made under
the Discretionary Grant Program, which eligible persons are to receive such Awards, the time or times when those Awards are to
be made, the number of shares to be covered by each such Award, the status of any awarded option as either an Incentive Option
or a Non-Statutory Option, the exercise price per share in effect for each Award (subject to the limitations set forth in <U>Article&nbsp;Two</U>),
the time or times when each Award is to vest and become exercisable and the maximum term for which the Award is to remain outstanding,
and (ii) with respect to Awards under the Stock Issuance Program, which eligible persons are to receive such Awards, the time or
times when the Awards are to be made, the number of shares subject to each such Award, the vesting schedule (if any) applicable
to the shares subject to such Award, and the cash consideration (if any) payable for such shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan Administrator shall have
the absolute discretion to grant options or stock appreciation rights in accordance with the Discretionary Grant Program and to
effect stock issuances or other stock-based awards in accordance with the Stock Issuance Program.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>V.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Stock
Subject to the Plan</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The stock issuable under the Plan
shall be shares of authorized but unissued or reacquired common stock, including shares repurchased by the Corporation on the open
market. Subject to any additional shares authorized by the vote of the Board and approved by the stockholders, the number of shares
of common stock reserved for issuance over the term of the Plan shall not exceed 13,714,285 shares. Any or all of the shares of
common stock reserved for issuance under the Plan shall be authorized for issuance pursuant to Incentive Options or other Awards.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No one person participating in the
Plan may be granted Awards of common stock having a Fair Market Value on the applicable grant date(s) of more than One Million
Dollars ($1,000,000) in the aggregate per calendar year.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Shares of common stock subject to
outstanding Awards under the Plan shall be available for subsequent issuance under the Plan to the extent those Awards expire or
terminate for any reason prior to the issuance of the shares of common stock subject to those Awards. Unvested shares issued under
the Plan and subsequently cancelled or repurchased by the Corporation at the original exercise or issue price paid per share pursuant
to the Corporation&rsquo;s repurchase rights under the Plan shall be added back to the number of shares of common stock reserved
for issuance under the Plan and shall accordingly be available for subsequent reissuance under the Plan. In addition, should the
exercise price of an option under the Plan be paid with shares of common stock, the authorized reserve of common stock under the
Plan shall be reduced only by the net number of shares issued under the exercised stock option. Should shares of common stock otherwise
issuable under the Plan be withheld by the Corporation in satisfaction of the withholding taxes incurred in connection with the
issuance, exercise or vesting of an Award under the Plan, the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the
Plan shall be reduced only by the net number of shares issued with respect to that Award.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">D.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If any change is made to the common
stock by reason of any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, combination of shares, exchange of shares or other change
affecting the outstanding common stock as a class without the Corporation&rsquo;s receipt of consideration, appropriate adjustments
shall be made by the Plan Administrator to (i) the maximum number and/or class of securities issuable under the Plan, (ii) the
maximum number and/or class of securities for which any one person may be granted Awards under the Plan per calendar year, (iii)
the number and/or class of securities and the exercise or base price per share (or any other cash consideration payable per share)
in effect under each outstanding Award under the Discretionary Grant Program, and (iv) the number and/or class of securities subject
to each outstanding Award under the Stock Issuance Program and the cash consideration (if any) payable per share thereunder. To
the extent such adjustments are to be made to outstanding Awards, those adjustments shall be effected in a manner that shall preclude
the enlargement or dilution of rights and benefits under those Awards. The adjustments determined by the Plan Administrator shall
be final, binding and conclusive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE TWO</B><BR>
<B><U>DISCRETIONARY GRANT PROGRAM</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>I.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Option Terms</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Each option shall be evidenced by one or
more documents in the form approved by the Plan Administrator; provided, however, that each such document shall comply with the
terms specified below. Each document evidencing an Incentive Option shall, in addition, be subject to the provisions of the Plan
applicable to such options.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Exercise Price</U></B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The
exercise price per share shall be fixed by the Plan Administrator but shall not be less than 85% of the Fair Market Value per
share of common stock on the option grant date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The
exercise price shall become immediately due upon exercise of the option and shall be payable in one or more of the following forms
that the Plan Administrator may deem appropriate in each individual instance:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cash
or check made payable to the Corporation;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;shares
of common stock valued at Fair Market Value on the Exercise Date and held for the period (if any) necessary to avoid any additional
charges to the Corporation&rsquo;s earnings for financial reporting purposes; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;to
the extent the option is exercised for vested shares, through a special sale and remittance procedure pursuant to which the Optionee
shall concurrently provide irrevocable instructions to (a) a brokerage firm to effect the immediate sale of the purchased shares
and remit to the Corporation, out of the sale proceeds available on the settlement date, sufficient funds to cover the aggregate
exercise price payable for the purchased shares plus all applicable federal, state and local income and employment taxes required
to be withheld by the Corporation by reason of such exercise and (b) the Corporation to deliver the certificates for the purchased
shares directly to such brokerage firm to complete the sale.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Except to the extent such sale and remittance
procedure is utilized, payment of the exercise price for the purchased shares must be made on the Exercise Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Exercise and Term of Options</U></B>.
Each option shall be exercisable at such time or times, during such period and for such number of shares as shall be determined
by the Plan Administrator and set forth in the documents evidencing the option. However, no option shall have a term in excess
of ten years measured from the option grant date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Effect of Termination of Service</U></B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The following provisions shall govern the
exercise of any options held by the Optionee at the time of cessation of Service or death:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Any option outstanding
at the time of the Optionee&rsquo;s cessation of Service for any reason shall remain exercisable for such period of time thereafter
as shall be determined by the Plan Administrator and set forth in the documents evidencing the option or as otherwise specifically
authorized by the Plan Administrator in its sole discretion pursuant to an express written agreement with Optionee, but no such
option shall be exercisable after the expiration of the option term.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Any option held by
the Optionee at the time of death and exercisable in whole or in part at that time may be subsequently exercised by the personal
representative of the Optionee&rsquo;s estate or by the person or persons to whom the option is transferred pursuant to the Optionee&rsquo;s
will or the laws of inheritance or by the Optionee&rsquo;s designated beneficiary or beneficiaries of that option.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;During the applicable
post-Service exercise period, the option may not be exercised in the aggregate for more than the number of vested shares for which
that option is at the time exercisable. No additional shares shall vest under the option following the Optionee&rsquo;s cessation
of Service, except to the extent (if any) specifically authorized by the Plan Administrator in its sole discretion pursuant to
an express written agreement with Optionee. Upon the expiration of the applicable exercise period or (if earlier) upon the expiration
of the option term, the option shall terminate and cease to be outstanding for any shares for which the option has not been exercised.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan Administrator shall have complete
discretion, exercisable either at the time an option is granted or at any time while the option remains outstanding, to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;extend the period of
time for which the option is to remain exercisable following the Optionee&rsquo;s cessation of Service from the limited exercise
period otherwise in effect for that option to such greater period of time as the Plan Administrator shall deem appropriate, but
in no event beyond the expiration of the option term, and/or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;permit the option to
be exercised, during the applicable post-Service exercise period, not only with respect to the number of vested shares of common
stock for which such option is exercisable at the time of the Optionee&rsquo;s cessation of Service but also with respect to one
or more additional installments in which the Optionee would have vested had the Optionee continued in Service.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">D.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Stockholder Rights</U></B>.
The holder of an option shall have no stockholder rights with respect to the shares subject to the option until such person shall
have exercised the option, paid the exercise price and become a holder of record of the purchased shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">E.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Repurchase Rights</U></B>. The
Plan Administrator shall have the discretion to grant options that are exercisable for unvested shares of common stock. Should
the Optionee cease Service while holding such unvested shares, the Corporation shall have the right to repurchase, at the exercise
price paid per share, any or all of those unvested shares. The terms upon which such repurchase right shall be exercisable (including
the period and procedure for exercise and the appropriate vesting schedule for the purchased shares) shall be established by the
Plan Administrator and set forth in the document evidencing such repurchase right.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">F.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Transferability of Options</U></B>.
The transferability of options granted under the Plan shall be governed by the following provisions:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Incentive Options</U></B>.
During the lifetime of the Optionee, Incentive Options shall be exercisable only by the Optionee and shall not be assignable or
transferable other than by will or the laws of inheritance following the Optionee&rsquo;s death.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Non-Statutory
Options</U></B>. Non-Statutory Options shall be subject to the same limitation on transfer as Incentive Options, except that the
Plan Administrator may structure one or more Non-Statutory Options so that the option may be assigned in whole or in part during
the Optionee&rsquo;s lifetime to one or more Family Members of the Optionee or to a trust established exclusively for the Optionee
and/or one or more such Family Members, to the extent such assignment is in connection with the Optionee&rsquo;s estate plan or
pursuant to a domestic relations order. The assigned portion may only be exercised by the person or persons who acquire a proprietary
interest in the option pursuant to the assignment. The terms applicable to the assigned portion shall be the same as those in effect
for the option immediately prior to such assignment and shall be set forth in such documents issued to the assignee as the Plan
Administrator may deem appropriate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Beneficiary
Designations</U></B>. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Optionee may designate one or more persons as the beneficiary or beneficiaries
of his or her outstanding options under this <U>Article&nbsp;Two</U> (whether Incentive Options or Non-Statutory Options), and
those options shall, in accordance with such designation, automatically be transferred to such beneficiary or beneficiaries upon
the Optionee&rsquo;s death while holding those options. Such beneficiary or beneficiaries shall take the transferred options subject
to all the terms and conditions of the applicable agreement evidencing each such transferred option, including (without limitation)
the limited time period during which the option may be exercised following the Optionee&rsquo;s death.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>II.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Incentive Options</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The terms specified below, together with
any additions, deletions or changes thereto imposed from time to time pursuant to the provisions of the Code governing Incentive
Options, shall be applicable to all Incentive Options. Except as modified by the provisions of this <U>Section&nbsp;II</U>, all
the provisions of <U>Articles One, Two and Four</U> shall be applicable to Incentive Options. Options that are specifically designated
as Non-Statutory Options when issued under the Plan shall not be subject to the terms of this <U>Section&nbsp;II</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Eligibility</U></B>. Incentive
Options may only be granted to Employees.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Exercise Price</U></B>. The exercise
price per share shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value per share of common stock on the option grant date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Dollar Limitation</U></B>. The
aggregate Fair Market Value of the shares of common stock (determined as of the respective date or dates of grant) for which one
or more options granted to any Employee under the Plan (or any other option plan of the Corporation or any Parent or Subsidiary)
may for the first time become exercisable as Incentive Options during any one calendar year shall not exceed the sum of One Hundred
Thousand Dollars ($100,000). To the extent the Employee holds two or more such options which become exercisable for the first
time in the same calendar year, then for purposes of the foregoing limitation on the exercisability of those options as Incentive
Options, such options shall be deemed to become first exercisable in that calendar year on the basis of the chronological order
in which they were granted, except to the extent otherwise provided under applicable law or regulation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">D.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>10% Stockholder</U></B>. If any
Employee to whom an Incentive Option is granted is a 10% Stockholder, then the exercise price per share shall not be less than
110% of the Fair Market Value per share of common stock on the option grant date, and the option term shall not exceed five years
measured from the option grant date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>III.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Stock Appreciation Rights</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Authority</U></B>. The Plan
Administrator shall have full power and authority, exercisable in its sole discretion, to grant stock appreciation rights in accordance
with this <U>Section&nbsp;III</U> to selected Optionees or other individuals eligible to receive option grants under the Discretionary
Grant Program.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Types</U></B>. Three types of stock
appreciation rights shall be authorized for issuance under this <U>Section&nbsp;III</U>: (i) tandem stock appreciation rights
(&ldquo;<U>Tandem Rights</U>&rdquo;), (ii) standalone stock appreciation rights (&ldquo;<U>Standalone Rights</U>&rdquo;) and (iii)
limited stock appreciation rights (&ldquo;<U>Limited Rights</U>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Tandem Rights</U></B>. The following
terms and conditions shall govern the grant and exercise of Tandem Rights.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;One or more Optionees may be granted a Tandem
Right, exercisable upon such terms and conditions as the Plan Administrator may establish, to elect between the exercise of the
underlying stock option for shares of common stock or the surrender of that option in exchange for a distribution from the Corporation
in an amount equal to the excess of (i) the Fair Market Value (on the option surrender date) of the number of shares in which the
Optionee is at the time vested under the surrendered option (or surrendered portion thereof) over (ii) the aggregate exercise price
payable for such vested shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No such option surrender shall be effective
unless it is approved by the Plan Administrator, either at the time of the actual option surrender or at any earlier time. If the
surrender is so approved, then the distribution to which the Optionee shall accordingly become entitled under this <U>Section&nbsp;III</U>
may be made in shares of common stock valued at Fair Market Value on the option surrender date, in cash, or partly in shares and
partly in cash, as the Plan Administrator shall in its sole discretion deem appropriate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If the surrender of an option is not approved
by the Plan Administrator, then the Optionee shall retain whatever rights the Optionee had under the surrendered option (or surrendered
portion thereof) on the option surrender date and may exercise such rights at any time prior to the later of (i) five business
days after the receipt of the rejection notice or (ii) the last day on which the option is otherwise exercisable in accordance
with the terms of the instrument evidencing such option, but in no event may such rights be exercised more than ten years after
the date of the option grant.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">D.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Standalone Rights</U></B>. The
following terms and conditions shall govern the grant and exercise of Standalone Rights under this <U>Article&nbsp;Two</U>:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;One or more individuals eligible to participate
in the Discretionary Grant Program may be granted a Standalone Right not tied to any underlying option under this Discretionary
Grant Program. The Standalone Right shall relate to a specified number of shares of common stock and shall be exercisable upon
such terms and conditions as the Plan Administrator may establish. In no event, however, may the Standalone Right have a maximum
term in excess of ten years measured from the grant date. Upon exercise of the Standalone Right, the holder shall be entitled to
receive a distribution from the Corporation in an amount equal to the excess of (i) the aggregate Fair Market Value (on the exercise
date) of the shares of common stock underlying the exercised right over (ii) the aggregate base price in effect for those shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The number of shares of common stock underlying
each Standalone Right and the base price in effect for those shares shall be determined by the Plan Administrator in its sole discretion
at the time the Standalone Right is granted. In no event, however, may the base price per share be less than the Fair Market Value
per underlying share of common stock on the grant date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Standalone Rights shall be subject to the
same transferability restrictions applicable to Non-Statutory Options and may not be transferred during the holder&rsquo;s lifetime,
except to one or more Family Members of the holder or to a trust established exclusively for the holder and/or such Family Members,
to the extent such assignment is in connection with the holder&rsquo;s estate plan or pursuant to a domestic relations order covering
the Standalone Right as marital property. In addition, one or more beneficiaries may be designated for an outstanding Standalone
Right in accordance with substantially the same terms and provisions as set forth in <U>Section&nbsp;I.F</U> of this <U>Article&nbsp;Two</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The distribution with respect to an exercised
Standalone Right may be made in shares of common stock valued at Fair Market Value on the exercise date, in cash, or partly in
shares and partly in cash, as the Plan Administrator shall in its sole discretion deem appropriate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">5.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The holder of a Standalone Right shall have
no stockholder rights with respect to the shares subject to the Standalone Right unless and until such person shall have exercised
the Standalone Right and become a holder of record of shares of common stock issued upon the exercise of such Standalone Right.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">E.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Limited Rights</U></B>. The
following terms and conditions shall govern the grant and exercise of Limited Rights under this <U>Article&nbsp;Two</U>:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;One or more Section&nbsp;16 Insiders may,
in the Plan Administrator&rsquo;s sole discretion, be granted Limited Rights with respect to their outstanding options under this
<U>Article&nbsp;Two</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&#9;2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Upon the occurrence of a Hostile Take-Over,
the Section&nbsp;16 Insider shall have the unconditional right (exercisable for a 30-day period following such Hostile Take-Over)
to surrender each option with such a Limited Right to the Corporation. The Section&nbsp;16 Insider shall in return be entitled
to a cash distribution from the Corporation in an amount equal to the excess of (i) the Take-Over Price of the number of shares
in which the Optionee is at the time vested under the surrendered option (or surrendered portion thereof) over (ii) the aggregate
exercise price payable for those vested shares. Such cash distribution shall be made within five days following the option surrender
date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&#9;3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan Administrator shall pre-approve,
at the time such Limited Right is granted, the subsequent exercise of that right in accordance with the terms of the grant and
the provisions of this <U>Section&nbsp;III</U>. No additional approval of the Plan Administrator or the Board shall be required
at the time of the actual option surrender and cash distribution. Any unsurrendered portion of the option shall continue to remain
outstanding and become exercisable in accordance with the terms of the instrument evidencing such grant.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">F.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Post-Service Exercise</U></B>.
The provisions governing the exercise of Tandem, Standalone and Limited Stock Appreciation Rights following the cessation of the
recipient&rsquo;s Service or the recipient&rsquo;s death shall be substantially the same as those set forth in <U>Section&nbsp;I.C
</U>of this <U>Article&nbsp;Two</U> for the options granted under the Discretionary Grant Program.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">G.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Net Counting</U></B>. Upon the
exercise of any Tandem, Standalone or Limited Right under this <U>Section&nbsp;III</U>, the share reserve under <U>Section&nbsp;V
</U>of <U>Article&nbsp;One</U> shall only be reduced by the net number of shares actually issued by the Corporation upon such
exercise, and not by the gross number of shares as to which such Tandem, Standalone or Limited Right is exercised.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>IV.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Change in Control/ Hostile Take-Over</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No Award outstanding under the Discretionary
Grant Program at the time of a Change in Control shall vest and become exercisable on an accelerated basis if and to the extent
that: (i) such Award is, in connection with the Change in Control, assumed by the successor corporation (or parent thereof) or
otherwise continued in full force and effect pursuant to the terms of the Change in Control transaction, (ii) such Award is replaced
with a cash retention program of the successor corporation that preserves the spread existing at the time of the Change in Control
on the shares of common stock as to which the Award is not otherwise at that time vested and exercisable and provides for subsequent
payout of that spread in accordance with the same exercise/vesting schedule applicable to those shares, or (iii) the acceleration
of such Award is subject to other limitations imposed by the Plan Administrator. However, if none of the foregoing conditions are
satisfied, each Award outstanding under the Discretionary Grant Program at the time of the Change in Control but not otherwise
vested and exercisable as to all the shares at the time subject to that Award shall automatically accelerate so that each such
Award shall, immediately prior to the effective date of the Change in Control, vest and become exercisable as to all the shares
of common stock at the time subject to that Award and may be exercised as to any or all of those shares as fully vested shares
of common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;All outstanding repurchase rights
under the Discretionary Grant Program shall also terminate automatically, and the shares of common stock subject to those terminated
rights shall immediately vest in full, in the event of any Change in Control, except to the extent: (i) those repurchase rights
are assigned to the successor corporation (or parent thereof) or otherwise continue in full force and effect pursuant to the terms
of the Change in Control transaction or (ii) such accelerated vesting is precluded by other limitations imposed by the Plan Administrator.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Immediately following the consummation
of the Change in Control, all outstanding Awards under the Discretionary Grant Program shall terminate and cease to be outstanding,
except to the extent assumed by the successor corporation (or parent thereof) or otherwise expressly continued in full force and
effect pursuant to the terms of the Change in Control transaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">D.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Each option that is assumed in connection
with a Change in Control or otherwise continued in effect shall be appropriately adjusted, immediately after such Change in Control,
to apply to the number and class of securities that would have been issuable to the Optionee in consummation of such Change in
Control had the option been exercised immediately prior to such Change in Control. In the event outstanding Standalone Rights are
to be assumed in connection with a Change in Control transaction or otherwise continued in effect, the shares of common stock underlying
each such Standalone Right shall be adjusted immediately after such Change in Control to apply to the number and class of securities
into which those shares of common stock would have been converted in consummation of such Change in Control had those shares actually
been outstanding at that time. Appropriate adjustments to reflect such Change in Control shall also be made to (i) the exercise
price payable per share under each outstanding option, provided the aggregate exercise price payable for such securities shall
remain the same, (ii) the base price per share in effect under each outstanding Standalone Right, provided the aggregate base price
shall remain the same, (iii) the maximum number and/or class of securities available for issuance over the remaining term of the
Plan, and (iv) the maximum number and/or class of securities for which any one person may be granted Awards under the Plan per
calendar year. To the extent the actual holders of the Corporation&rsquo;s outstanding common stock receive cash consideration
for their common stock in consummation of the Change in Control, the successor corporation may, in connection with the assumption
or continuation of the outstanding Awards under the Discretionary Grant Program, substitute, for the securities underlying those
assumed Awards, one or more shares of its own common stock with a fair market value equivalent to the cash consideration paid per
share of common stock in such Change in Control transaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">E.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan Administrator shall have
the discretionary authority to structure one or more outstanding Awards under the Discretionary Grant Program so that those Awards
shall, immediately prior to the effective date of a Change in Control or a Hostile Take-Over, vest and become exercisable as to
all the shares at the time subject to those Awards and may be exercised as to any or all of those shares as fully vested shares
of common stock, whether or not those Awards are to be assumed or otherwise continued in full force and effect pursuant to the
express terms of such transaction. In addition, the Plan Administrator shall have the discretionary authority to structure one
or more of the Corporation&rsquo;s repurchase rights under the Discretionary Grant Program so that those rights shall immediately
terminate at the time of such Change in Control or consummation of such Hostile Take-Over and shall not be assignable to successor
corporation (or parent thereof), and the shares subject to those terminated rights shall accordingly vest in full at the time of
such Change in Control or consummation of such Hostile Take-Over.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">F.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan Administrator shall have
full power and authority to structure one or more outstanding Awards under the Discretionary Grant Program so that those Awards
shall immediately vest and become exercisable as to all of the shares at the time subject to those Awards in the event the Optionee&rsquo;s
Service is subsequently terminated by reason of an Involuntary Termination within a designated period (not to exceed 18 months)
following the effective date of any Change in Control or a Hostile Take-Over in which those Awards do not otherwise vest on an
accelerated basis. Any Awards so accelerated shall remain exercisable as to fully vested shares until the expiration or sooner
termination of their term. In addition, the Plan Administrator may structure one or more of the Corporation&rsquo;s repurchase
rights under the Discretionary Grant Program so that those rights shall immediately terminate with respect to any shares held by
the Optionee at the time of his or her Involuntary Termination, and the shares subject to those terminated repurchase rights shall
accordingly vest in full at that time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">G.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The portion of any Incentive Option
accelerated in connection with a Change in Control shall remain exercisable as an Incentive Option only to the extent the applicable
One Hundred Thousand Dollar ($100,000) limitation is not exceeded. To the extent such dollar limitation is exceeded, the accelerated
portion of such option shall be exercisable as a Non-Statutory Option under the federal tax laws.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">H.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Awards outstanding under the Discretionary
Grant Program shall in no way affect the right of the Corporation to adjust, reclassify, reorganize or otherwise change its capital
or business structure or to merge, consolidate, dissolve, liquidate or sell or transfer all or any part of its business or assets.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE THREE</B><BR>
<B><U>STOCK ISSUANCE PROGRAM</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>I.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Stock Issuance Terms</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Issuances</U></B>. Shares of
common stock may be issued under the Stock Issuance Program through direct and immediate issuances without any intervening option
grants. Each such stock issuance shall be evidenced by a Stock Issuance Agreement that complies with the terms specified below.
Shares of common stock may also be issued under the Stock Issuance Program pursuant to restricted stock awards or restricted stock
units, awarded by and at the discretion of the Plan Administrator, that entitle the recipients to receive the shares underlying
those awards or units upon the attainment of designated performance goals and/or the satisfaction of specified Service requirements
or upon the expiration of a designated time period following the vesting of those awards or units.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Issue Price</U></B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The price per share at which shares of common
stock may be issued under the Stock Issuance Program shall be fixed by the Plan Administrator, but shall not be less than 100%
of the Fair Market Value per share of common stock on the issuance date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Shares of common stock may be issued under
the Stock Issuance Program for any of the following items of consideration that the Plan Administrator may deem appropriate in
each individual instance:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">&#9;(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cash or check made payable to the Corporation;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">&#9;(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;past services rendered to the Corporation
(or any Parent or Subsidiary); or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">&#9;(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;any other valid form of consideration
permissible under the Delaware Corporations Code at the time such shares are issued.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<B><U>Vesting Provisions</U></B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Shares of common stock issued under the
Stock Issuance Program may, in the discretion of the Plan Administrator, be fully and immediately vested upon issuance or may vest
in one or more installments over the Participant&rsquo;s period of Service and/or upon attainment of specified performance objectives.
The elements of the vesting schedule applicable to any unvested shares of common stock issued under the Stock Issuance Program
shall be determined by the Plan Administrator and incorporated into the Stock Issuance Agreement. Shares of common stock may also
be issued under the Stock Issuance Program pursuant to restricted stock awards or restricted stock units that entitle the recipients
to receive the shares underlying those awards and/or units upon the attainment of designated performance goals or the satisfaction
of specified Service requirements or upon the expiration of a designated time period following the vesting of those awards or units,
including (without limitation) a deferred distribution date following the termination of the Participant&rsquo;s Service.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan Administrator shall also have the
discretionary authority, consistent with Code Section&nbsp;162(m), to structure one or more Awards under the Stock Issuance Program
so that the shares of common stock subject to those Awards shall vest (or vest and become issuable) upon the achievement of certain
pre-established corporate performance goals based on one or more of the following criteria: (i) return on total stockholders&rsquo;
equity; (ii) net income per share of common stock; (iii) net income or operating income; (iv) earnings before interest, taxes,
depreciation, amortization and stock-compensation costs, or operating income before depreciation and amortization; (v) sales or
revenue targets; (vi) return on assets, capital or investment; (vii) cash flow; (viii) market share; (ix) cost reduction goals;
(x) budget comparisons; (xi) implementation or completion of projects or processes strategic or critical to the Corporation&rsquo;s
business operations; (xii) measures of customer satisfaction; (xiii) any combination of, or a specified increase in, any of the
foregoing; and (xiv) the formation of joint ventures, research and development collaborations, marketing or customer service collaborations,
or the completion of other corporate transactions intended to enhance the Corporation&rsquo;s revenue or profitability or expand
its customer base; provided, however, that for purposes of items (ii), (iii) and (vii) above, the Plan Administrator may, at the
time the Awards are made, specify certain adjustments to such items as reported in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles in the U.S. (&ldquo;<U>GAAP</U>&rdquo;), which will exclude from the calculation of those performance goals one or more
of the following: certain charges related to acquisitions, stock-based compensation, employer payroll tax expense on certain stock
option exercises, settlement costs, restructuring costs, gains or losses on strategic investments, non-operating gains or losses,
certain other non-cash charges, valuation allowance on deferred tax assets, and the related income tax effects, purchases of property
and equipment, and any extraordinary non-recurring items as described in Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 30 or its successor,
provided that such adjustments are in conformity with those reported by the Corporation on a non-GAAP basis. In addition, such
performance goals may be based upon the attainment of specified levels of the Corporation&rsquo;s performance under one or more
of the measures described above relative to the performance of other entities and may also be based on the performance of any of
the Corporation&rsquo;s business groups or divisions thereof or any Parent or Subsidiary. Performance goals may include a minimum
threshold level of performance below which no award will be earned, levels of performance at which specified portions of an award
will be earned, and a maximum level of performance at which an award will be fully earned. The Plan Administrator may provide that,
if the actual level of attainment for any performance objective is between two specified levels, the amount of the award attributable
to that performance objective shall be interpolated on a straight-line basis.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Any new, substituted or additional securities
or other property (including money paid other than as a regular cash dividend) that the Participant may have the right to receive
with respect to the Participant&rsquo;s unvested shares of common stock by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization,
combination of shares, exchange of shares or other change affecting the outstanding common stock as a class without the Corporation&rsquo;s
receipt of consideration shall be issued subject to (i) the same vesting requirements applicable to the Participant&rsquo;s unvested
shares of common stock and (ii) such escrow arrangements as the Plan Administrator shall deem appropriate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Participant shall have full stockholder
rights with respect to any shares of common stock issued to the Participant under the Stock Issuance Program, whether or not the
Participant&rsquo;s interest in those shares is vested. Accordingly, the Participant shall have the right to vote such shares and
to receive any regular cash dividends paid on such shares. The Participant shall not have any stockholder rights with respect to
the shares of common stock subject to a restricted stock unit award until that award vests and the shares of common stock are actually
issued thereunder. However, dividend-equivalent units may be paid or credited, either in cash or in actual or phantom shares of
common stock, on outstanding restricted stock unit or restricted stock awards, subject to such terms and conditions as the Plan
Administrator may deem appropriate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">5.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Should the Participant cease to remain in
Service while holding one or more unvested shares of common stock issued under the Stock Issuance Program or should the performance
objectives not be attained with respect to one or more such unvested shares of common stock, then except as set forth in <U>Section
I.C.6</U> of this <U>Article Three</U>, those shares shall be immediately surrendered to the Corporation for cancellation, and
the Participant shall have no further stockholder rights with respect to those shares. To the extent the surrendered shares were
previously issued to the Participant for consideration paid in cash, cash equivalent or otherwise, the Corporation shall repay
to the Participant the same amount and form of consideration as the Participant paid for the surrendered shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">6.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan Administrator may in its discretion
waive the surrender and cancellation of one or more unvested shares of common stock that would otherwise occur upon the cessation
of the Participant&rsquo;s Service or the non-attainment of the performance objectives applicable to those shares. Any such waiver
shall result in the immediate vesting of the Participant&rsquo;s interest in the shares of common stock as to which the waiver
applies. Such waiver may be effected at any time, whether before or after the Participant&rsquo;s cessation of Service or the attainment
or non-attainment of the applicable performance objectives. However, no vesting requirements tied to the attainment of performance
objectives may be waived with respect to shares that were intended at the time of issuance to qualify as performance-based compensation
under Code Section&nbsp;162(m), except in the event of the Participant&rsquo;s Involuntary Termination or as otherwise provided
in <U>Section&nbsp;II.E</U> of this <U>Article&nbsp;Three</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">7.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Outstanding restricted stock awards or restricted
stock units under the Stock Issuance Program shall automatically terminate, and no shares of common stock shall actually be issued
in satisfaction of those awards or units, if the performance goals or Service requirements established for such awards or units
are not attained or satisfied. The Plan Administrator, however, shall have the discretionary authority to issue vested shares of
common stock under one or more outstanding restricted stock awards or restricted stock units as to which the designated performance
goals or Service requirements have not been attained or satisfied. However, no vesting requirements tied to the attainment of performance
goals may be waived with respect to awards or units which were at the time of grant intended to qualify as performance-based compensation
under Code Section&nbsp;162(m), except in the event of the Participant&rsquo;s Involuntary Termination or as otherwise provided
in <U>Section&nbsp;II.E</U> of this <U>Article&nbsp;Three</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>II.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Change in Control/ Hostile Take-Over</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;All of the Corporation&rsquo;s outstanding
repurchase rights under the Stock Issuance Program shall terminate automatically, and all the shares of common stock subject to
those terminated rights shall immediately vest in full, in the event of any Change in Control, except to the extent (i) those repurchase
rights are to be assigned to the successor corporation (or parent thereof) or otherwise continued in full force and effect pursuant
to the express terms of the Change in Control transaction or (ii) such accelerated vesting is precluded by other limitations imposed
in the Stock Issuance Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Each outstanding Award under the Stock
Issuance Program that is assumed in connection with a Change in Control or otherwise continued in effect shall be adjusted immediately
after the consummation of that Change in Control to apply to the number and class of securities into which the shares of common
stock subject to the Award immediately prior to the Change in Control would have been converted in consummation of such Change
in Control had those shares actually been outstanding at that time, and appropriate adjustments shall also be made to the cash
consideration (if any) payable per share thereunder, provided the aggregate amount of such consideration shall remain the same.
If any such Award is not so assumed or otherwise continued in effect or replaced with a cash retention program which preserves
the Fair Market Value of the shares underlying the Award at the time of the Change in Control and provides for the subsequent payout
of that value in accordance with the vesting schedule in effect for the Award at the time of such Change in Control, such Award
shall vest, and the shares of common stock subject to that Award shall be issued as fully-vested shares, immediately prior to the
consummation of the Change in Control.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan Administrator shall have
the discretionary authority to structure one or more unvested Awards under the Stock Issuance Program so that the shares of common
stock subject to those Awards shall automatically vest (or vest and become issuable) in whole or in part immediately upon the occurrence
of a Change in Control or upon the subsequent termination of the Participant&rsquo;s Service by reason of an Involuntary Termination
within a designated period (not to exceed 18 months) following the effective date of that Change in Control transaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">D.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan Administrator shall also
have the discretionary authority to structure one or more unvested Awards under the Stock Issuance Program so that the shares of
common stock subject to those Awards shall automatically vest (or vest and become issuable) in whole or in part immediately upon
the occurrence of a Hostile Take-Over or upon the subsequent termination of the Participant&rsquo;s Service by reason of an Involuntary
Termination within a designated period (not to exceed 18 months) following the effective date of that Hostile Take-Over.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">E.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan Administrator&rsquo;s authority
under Paragraphs C and D of this <U>Section&nbsp;II</U> shall also extend to any Award intended to qualify as performance-based
compensation under Code Section&nbsp;162(m), even though the automatic vesting of those Awards pursuant to Paragraph C or D of
this <U>Section&nbsp;II</U> may result in their loss of performance-based status under Code Section&nbsp;162(m).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">F.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Awards outstanding under the Stock
Issuance Program shall in no way affect the right of the Corporation to adjust, reclassify, reorganize or otherwise change its
capital or business structure or to merge, consolidate, dissolve, liquidate or sell or transfer all or any part of its business
or assets.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ARTICLE FOUR</B><BR>
<B><U>MISCELLANEOUS</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>I.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Tax Withholding</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Corporation&rsquo;s obligation
to deliver shares of common stock upon the issuance, exercise or vesting of Awards under the Plan shall be subject to the satisfaction
of all applicable federal, state and local income and employment tax withholding requirements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Subject to applicable laws, rules
and regulations and policies of the Corporation, the Plan Administrator may, in its discretion, provide any or all Optionees or
Participants to whom Awards are made under the Plan with the right to utilize any or all of the following methods to satisfy all
or part of the Withholding Taxes to which those holders may become subject in connection with the issuance, exercise or vesting
of those Awards.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I><U>Stock Withholding</U></I>:
The election to have the Corporation withhold, from the shares of common stock otherwise issuable upon the issuance, exercise or
vesting of those Awards a portion of those shares with an aggregate Fair Market Value equal to the percentage of the Withholding
Taxes (not to exceed 100%) designated by the Optionee or Participant and make a cash payment equal to such Fair Market Value directly
to the appropriate taxing authorities on such individual&rsquo;s behalf. The shares of common stock so withheld shall not reduce
the number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I><U>Stock Delivery</U></I>:
The election to deliver to the Corporation, at the time the Award is issued, exercised or vests, one or more shares of common stock
previously acquired by such the Optionee or Participant (other than in connection with the issuance, exercise or vesting triggering
the Withholding Taxes) with an aggregate Fair Market Value equal to the percentage of the Withholding Taxes (not to exceed 100%)
designated by such holder. The shares of common stock so delivered shall not be added to the shares of common stock authorized
for issuance under the Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I><U>Sale and Remittance</U></I>:
The election to deliver to the Corporation, to the extent the Award is issued or exercised for vested shares, through a special
sale and remittance procedure pursuant to which the Optionee or Participant shall concurrently provide irrevocable instructions
to a brokerage firm to effect the immediate sale of the purchased or issued shares and remit to the Corporation, out of the sale
proceeds available on the settlement date, sufficient funds to cover the Withholding Taxes required to be withheld by the Corporation
by reason of such issuance, exercise or vesting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>II.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Share Escrow/Legends</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Unvested shares issued under the Plan may,
in the Plan Administrator&rsquo;s discretion, be held in escrow by the Corporation until the Participant&rsquo;s interest in such
shares vests or may be issued directly to the Participant with restrictive legends on the certificates evidencing those unvested
shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>III.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Effective Date and Term of the Plan</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan was initially adopted by
the Board on July 19, 2006 and ratified and approved by the Corporation&rsquo;s stockholders on September 7, 2006. The Plan was
amended by the Board on March 5, 2010 and ratified and approved by the Corporation&rsquo;s stockholders on June 3, 2010 to increase
the number of shares authorized for issuance under the Plan from 285,714 shares to 857,142 shares. The Plan was further amended
by the Board effective October 20, 2010 to (i) increase the limit on annual awards to any plan participant from 250,000 shares
to 1,000,000 shares, and (ii) eliminate the authority of the Plan Administrator to reduce the exercise or base price of one or
more outstanding stock options or stock appreciation rights. The Plan was amended by the Board on March 25, 2011 and ratified and
approved by the Corporation&rsquo;s stockholders on May 19, 2011 to increase the number of shares authorized for issuance under
the Plan from 857,142 shares to 1,214,285 shares. The Plan was amended by the Board effective April 2, 2012 and ratified and approved
by the Corporation&rsquo;s stockholders on December 13, 2012 to increase the number of shares authorized for issuance under the
Plan from 1,214,285 shares to 6,214,285 shares. The Plan was amended by the Board effective March 21, 2013, subject to stockholder
approval, to increase the number of shares authorized for issuance under the Plan from 6,214,285 shares to 13,714,285 shares. The
Plan was further amended by the Board effective April ___, 2013 to (i) change the limit on annual awards to any plan participant
from 1,000,000 shares to a limit of One Million Dollars ($1,000,000), and (ii) eliminate the authority of the Plan Administrator
to replace outstanding options or stock appreciation rights or pay cash or issue shares of common stock in consideration of cancelled
options or stock appreciation rights.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan shall become effective on
the Plan Effective Date. Awards may be granted under the Discretionary Grant Program and the Stock Issuance Program at any time
on or after the Plan Effective Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The Plan shall terminate upon the
earliest to occur of (i) July 19, 2016, (ii) the date on which all shares available for issuance under the Plan shall have been
issued as fully-vested shares, (iii) the termination of all outstanding Awards in connection with a Change in Control or (iv) such
other date as the Board in its sole discretion terminates the Plan. If the Plan terminates on July 19, 2016 or on such other date
as the Board terminates the Plan, then all Awards outstanding at that time shall continue to have force and effect in accordance
with the provisions of the documents evidencing such Awards.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>IV.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Amendment, Suspension or Termination of the Plan</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan
at any time, without notice, and in its sole discretion. The Board shall have complete and exclusive power and authority to amend
or modify the Plan in any or all respects. However, no such amendment or modification shall materially impair the rights and obligations
with respect to Awards at the time outstanding under the Plan unless the Optionee or the Participant consents to such amendment
or modification. In addition, stockholder approval will be required for any amendment to the Plan that (i) materially increases
the number of shares of common stock available for issuance under the Plan, (ii) materially expands the class of individuals eligible
to receive option grants or other awards under the Plan, (iii) materially increases the benefits accruing to the Optionees and
Participants under the Plan or materially reduces the price at which shares of common stock may be issued or purchased under the
Plan, (iv) materially extends the term of the Plan, (v) expands the types of awards available for issuance under the Plan or (vi)
is required under applicable laws, rules or regulations to be approved by stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>V.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Use of Proceeds</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Any cash proceeds received by the Corporation
from the sale of shares of common stock under the Plan shall be used for general corporate purposes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>VI.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Regulatory Approvals</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The implementation of the Plan, the
grant of any Award and the issuance of shares of common stock in connection with the issuance, exercise or vesting of any Award
made under the Plan shall be subject to the Corporation&rsquo;s procurement of all approvals and permits required by regulatory
authorities having jurisdiction over the Plan, the Awards made under the Plan and the shares of common stock issuable pursuant
to those Awards.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No shares of common stock or other
assets shall be issued or delivered under the Plan unless and until there shall have been compliance with all applicable requirements
of federal and state securities laws, including the filing and effectiveness of the Form S-8 registration statement for the shares
of common stock issuable under the Plan, and all applicable listing requirements of the NASDAQ Capital Market, if applicable, and
any stock exchange or other market on which common stock is then quoted or listed for trading.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>VII.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>No Employment/ Service Rights</U>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Nothing in the Plan shall confer upon the
Optionee or the Participant any right to continue in Service for any period of specific duration or interfere with or otherwise
restrict in any way the rights of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary employing or retaining such person) or of the Optionee
or the Participant, which rights are hereby expressly reserved by each, to terminate such person&rsquo;s Service at any time for
any reason, with or without cause.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>VIII.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Non-Exclusivity of the Plan</U>. </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Nothing contained in the Plan is intended
to amend, modify, or rescind any previously approved compensation plans, programs or options entered into by the Corporation. This
Plan shall be construed to be in addition to and independent of any and all other arrangements. Neither the adoption of the Plan
by the Board nor the submission of the Plan to the stockholders of the Corporation for approval shall be construed as creating
any limitations on the power or authority of the Board to adopt, with or without stockholder approval, such additional or other
compensation arrangements as the Board may from time to time deem desirable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>IX.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Governing Law</U>. </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">All questions and obligations under the
Plan and agreements issued pursuant to the Plan shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>X.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Information to Optionees and Participants</U>. </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Optionees and Participants under the Plan
who do not otherwise have access to financial statements of the Corporation will receive the Corporation&rsquo;s financial statements
at least annually.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>APPENDIX</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following definitions shall be in effect
under the Plan:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Award</U>&rdquo; means any
of the following stock or stock-based awards authorized for issuance or grant under the Plan: stock option, stock appreciation
right, direct stock issuance, restricted stock or restricted stock unit award or other stock-based award.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Board</U>&rdquo; means the
Corporation&rsquo;s board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Change in Control</U>&rdquo;
shall be deemed to have occurred if, in a single transaction or series of related transactions:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;any person (as such
term is used in Section 13(d) and 14(d) of the 1934 Act, or persons acting as a group, other than a trustee or fiduciary holding
securities under an employment benefit program, is or becomes a &ldquo;beneficial owner&rdquo; (as defined in Rule 13-3 under the
1934 Act), directly or indirectly of securities of the Corporation representing 51% or more of the combined voting power of the
Corporation, or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 76.5pt; text-indent: -40.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;there is a merger,
consolidation, or other business combination transaction of the Corporation with or into another corporation, entity or person,
other than a transaction in which the holders of at least a majority of the shares of voting capital stock of the Corporation outstanding
immediately prior to such transaction continue to hold (either by such shares remaining outstanding or by their being converted
into shares of voting capital stock of the surviving entity) a majority of the total voting power represented by the shares of
voting capital stock of the Corporation (or surviving entity) outstanding immediately after such transaction, or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 76.5pt; text-indent: -40.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;all or substantially
all of the Corporation&rsquo;s assets are sold.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 76.5pt; text-indent: -40.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">D.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Code</U>&rdquo; means the
Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">E.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>common stock</U>&rdquo;
means the Corporation&rsquo;s common stock, $0.001 par value per share.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">F.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Compensation Committee</U>&rdquo;
means a committee of the Board comprised solely of two or more Eligible Directors who are appointed by the Board to administer
the Discretionary Grant and Stock Issuance Programs, who are &ldquo;outside directors&rdquo; within the meaning of Section 162(m)
of the Code and who are &ldquo;non-employee directors&rdquo; within the meaning of Rule 16b-3(b)(3)(i).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">G.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Consultant</U>&rdquo; means
a consultant or other independent advisor who is under written contract with the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) to provide
consulting or advisory services to the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) and whose securities issued pursuant to the Plan
could be registered on Form S-8.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">H.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Corporation</U>&rdquo; means
Pacific Ethanol, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and any corporate successor to all or substantially all of the assets or voting
stock of Pacific Ethanol, Inc. that shall by appropriate action adopt the Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">I.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Discretionary Grant Program</U>&rdquo;
means the discretionary grant program in effect under <U>Article&nbsp;Two</U> of the Plan pursuant to which stock options and stock
appreciation rights may be granted to one or more eligible individuals.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">J.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Eligible Director</U>&rdquo;
means a Board member who is not, at the time of such determination, an employee of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">K.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Employee</U>&rdquo; means
an individual who is in the employ of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary), subject to the control and direction of the
employer entity as to both the work to be performed and the manner and method of performance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">L.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Exercise Date</U>&rdquo;
means the date on which the Corporation shall have received written notice of the option exercise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">M.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Fair Market Value</U>&rdquo;
per share of common stock on any relevant date shall be determined in accordance with the following provisions:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If the common stock
is at the time traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market, then the Fair Market Value shall be the closing selling price per share of
common stock at the close of regular hours trading (i.e., before after- hours trading begins) on the NASDAQ Capital Market on the
date in question, as such price is reported by the National Association of Securities Dealers. If there is no closing selling price
for the common stock on the date in question, then the Fair Market Value shall be the closing selling price on the last preceding
date for which such quotation exists.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;If the common stock
is not traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market but is at the time listed or quoted on any other market or exchange, then the Fair Market
Value shall be the closing selling price per share of common stock at the close of regular hours trading (i.e., before after-hours
trading begins) on the date in question on the market or exchange determined by the Plan Administrator to be the primary market
for the common stock, as such price is officially quoted in the composite tape of transactions on such exchange. If there is no
closing selling price for the common stock on the date in question, then the Fair Market Value shall be the closing selling price
on the last preceding date for which such quotation exists.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;In the absence of
an established market for the common stock, the Fair Market Value shall be determined in good faith by the Plan Administrator.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition, with respect to any Incentive
Option, the Fair Market Value shall be determined in a manner consistent with any regulations issued by the Secretary of the Treasury
for the purpose of determining fair market value of securities subject to an Incentive Option plan under the Code.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">N.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Family Member</U>&rdquo;
means, with respect to a particular Optionee or Participant, any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent,
spouse, former spouse, sibling, niece, nephew, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law or sister-in-law,
including adoptive relationships.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">O.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Hostile Take-Over</U>&rdquo;
means either of the following events effecting a change in control or ownership of the Corporation:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;the acquisition,
directly or indirectly, by any person or related group of persons (other than the Corporation or a person that directly or indirectly
controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with, the Corporation) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule
13d-3 of the 1934 Act) of securities possessing more than 50% of the total combined voting power of the Corporation&rsquo;s outstanding
securities pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made directly to the Corporation&rsquo;s stockholders that the Board does not
recommend such stockholders to accept, or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a change in the
composition of the Board over a period of 36 consecutive months or less such that a majority of the Board members ceases, by reason
of one or more contested elections for Board membership, to be composed of individuals who either (A) have been Board members continuously
since the beginning of such period or (B) have been elected or nominated for election as Board members during such period by at
least a majority of the Board members described in clause (A) who were still in office at the time the Board approved such election
or nomination.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 76.5pt; text-indent: -40.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"> P.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Incentive Option</U>&rdquo; means an option that satisfies the requirements of Code Section&nbsp;422.</P>



<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Q.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Involuntary Termination</U>&rdquo;
means the termination of the Service of any individual that occurs by reason of:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if such individual is
providing services to the Corporation pursuant to a written contract that defines &ldquo;cause&rdquo; or &ldquo;misconduct&rdquo;
or similar reasons such individual could be dismissed or discharged by the Corporation, then such individual&rsquo;s involuntary
dismissal or discharge by the Corporation other than for any of such reasons and other than for Misconduct shall be an Involuntary
Termination;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if such individual
is not providing services to the Corporation pursuant to a written contract that defines &ldquo;cause&rdquo; or &ldquo;misconduct&rdquo;
or similar reasons such individual could be dismissed or discharged by the Corporation, then such individual&rsquo;s involuntary
dismissal or discharge by the Corporation for reasons other than Misconduct shall be an Involuntary Termination;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if such individual
is providing services to the Corporation pursuant to a written contract that defines &ldquo;good reason&rdquo; or similar reasons
such individual could voluntarily resign, then such individual&rsquo;s voluntary resignation for any of such reasons shall be an
Involuntary Termination; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 1in">(iv)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;if such individual
is providing services to the Corporation pursuant to a written contract that does not define &ldquo;good reason&rdquo; or similar
reasons such individual could voluntarily resign, then such individual&rsquo;s voluntary resignation following (A) a change in
his or her position with the Corporation that materially reduces his or her duties and responsibilities or the level of management
to which he or she reports, (B) a reduction in his or her level of compensation (including base salary, fringe benefits and target
bonus under any corporate-performance based bonus or incentive programs) by more than 15% or (C) a relocation of such individual&rsquo;s
place of employment by more than 50 miles, provided and only if such change, reduction or relocation is effected by the Corporation
without the individual&rsquo;s consent, shall be an Involuntary Termination.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">R.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Misconduct</U>&rdquo; means
the commission of: any act of fraud, embezzlement or dishonesty by the Optionee or Participant; any unauthorized use or disclosure
by such person of confidential information or trade secrets of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary); any illegal or improper
conduct or intentional misconduct, gross negligence or recklessness by such person that has adversely affected or, in the determination
of the Plan Administrator, is likely to adversely affect, the business, reputation, goodwill or affairs of the Corporation (or
any Parent or Subsidiary) in a material manner; any conduct that provides a basis for the Corporation to terminate for &ldquo;cause,&rdquo;
&ldquo;misconduct&rdquo; or similar reasons the written contract pursuant to which the Optionee or Participant is providing Services
to the Corporation; resignation by the Optionee or Participant on fewer than 30 days&rsquo; prior written notice and in violation
of an agreement to remain in Service of the Corporation, in anticipation of a termination for &ldquo;cause,&rdquo; &ldquo;misconduct&rdquo;
or similar reasons under the agreement, or in lieu of a formal discharge for &ldquo;cause,&rdquo; &ldquo;misconduct&rdquo; or similar
reasons. The foregoing definition shall not in any way preclude or restrict the right of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary)
to discharge or dismiss any Optionee, Participant or other person in the Service of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary)
for any other acts or omissions, but such other acts or omissions shall not be deemed, for purposes of the Plan, to constitute
grounds for termination for Misconduct.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">S.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>1934 Act</U>&rdquo; means
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">T.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Non-Statutory Option</U>&rdquo;
means an option not intended to satisfy the requirements of Code Section&nbsp;422.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">U.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Optionee</U>&rdquo; means
any person to whom an option is granted under the Discretionary Grant Program.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">V.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Parent</U>&rdquo; means
any corporation (other than the Corporation) in an unbroken chain of corporations ending with the Corporation, provided each corporation
in the unbroken chain (other than the Corporation) owns, at the time of the determination, stock possessing 50% or more of the
total combined voting power of all classes of stock in one of the other corporations in such chain.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">W.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Participant</U>&rdquo; means
any person who is issued shares of common stock or restricted stock units or other stock-based awards under the Stock Issuance
Program.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">X.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Permanent Disability</U>&rdquo;
or &ldquo;<U>Permanently Disabled</U>&rdquo; means the inability of the Optionee or the Participant to engage in any substantial
gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment expected to result in death or to be of
continuous duration of twelve months or more.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Y.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Plan</U>&rdquo; means the
Corporation&rsquo;s 2006 Stock Incentive Plan, as set forth in this document.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Z.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Plan Administrator</U>&rdquo;
means the particular entity, whether the Compensation Committee or the Board, which is authorized to administer the Discretionary
Grant and Stock Issuance Programs with respect to one or more classes of eligible persons, to the extent such entity is carrying
out its administrative functions under those programs with respect to the persons then subject to its jurisdiction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">AA.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Plan Effective Date</U>&rdquo;
means the date that stockholder approval of the Plan is obtained in accordance with <U>Section III.A.</U> of <U>Article Four</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">BB.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Section&nbsp;16 Insider</U>&rdquo;
means an officer or director of the Corporation subject to the short-swing profit liability provisions of Section&nbsp;16 of the
1934 Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">CC.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Service</U>&rdquo; means
the performance of services for the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary) by a person in the capacity of an Employee, an Eligible
Director or a Consultant, except to the extent otherwise specifically provided in the documents evidencing the Award made to such
person. For purposes of the Plan, an Optionee or Participant shall be deemed to cease Service immediately upon the occurrence of
the either of the following events: (i) the Optionee or Participant no longer performs services in any of the foregoing capacities
for the Corporation or any Parent or Subsidiary or (ii) the entity for which the Optionee or Participant is performing such services
ceases to remain a Parent or Subsidiary of the Corporation, even though the Optionee or Participant may subsequently continue to
perform services for that entity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">DD.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Stock Issuance Agreement</U>&rdquo;
means the agreement entered into by the Corporation and the Participant at the time of issuance of shares of common stock under
the Stock Issuance Program.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">EE.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Stock Issuance Program</U>&rdquo;
means the stock issuance program in effect under <U>Article&nbsp;Three</U> of the Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">FF.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Subsidiary</U>&rdquo; means
any corporation (other than the Corporation) in an unbroken chain of corporations beginning with the Corporation, provided each
corporation (other than the last corporation) in the unbroken chain owns, at the time of the determination, stock possessing 50%
or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock in one of the other corporations in such chain.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">GG.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Take-Over Price</U>&rdquo;
means the greater of (i) the Fair Market Value per share of common stock on the date the option is surrendered to the Corporation
in connection with a Hostile Take-Over or, if applicable, (ii) the highest reported price per share of common stock paid by the
tender offeror in effecting such Hostile Take-Over through the acquisition of such common stock. However, if the surrendered option
is an Incentive Option, the Take-Over Price shall not exceed the clause (i) price per share.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">HH.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>10% Stockholder</U>&rdquo;
means the owner of stock (as determined under Code Section&nbsp;424(d)) possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power
of all classes of stock of the Corporation (or any Parent or Subsidiary).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">II.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&ldquo;<U>Withholding
Taxes</U>&rdquo; means the federal, state and local income and employment taxes to which the Optionee or Participant may become
subject in connection with the issuance, exercise or vesting of the Award made to him or her under the Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; text-align: right; margin-bottom: 0"><B>APPENDIX B</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">SECURITIES PURCHASE AGREEMENT</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 39pt">This <B>SECURITIES PURCHASE
AGREEMENT</B> (this &ldquo;<B>Agreement</B>&rdquo;), dated as of March 28, 2013, is entered into by and among Pacific Ethanol,
Inc., a Delaware corporation with offices located at 400 Capitol Mall, Suite 2060, Sacramento, CA 95814 (the&nbsp;&ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;),
and each of the investors listed on the Schedule of Buyers attached hereto (individually, a &ldquo;<B>Buyer</B>&rdquo; and collectively,
the &ldquo;<B>Buyers</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><B><U>RECITALS</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">A.&#9;The Company
and each Buyer desire to enter into this transaction to purchase the Notes (as defined below) set forth herein pursuant to a
currently effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3, which has sufficient  availability for the issuance of
securities of the Company (Registration Number 333-<FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">180731</FONT>) (the
&ldquo;<B>Registration Statement</B>&rdquo;), which Registration Statement has been declared effective in accordance with the
Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;<B>1933 Act</B>&rdquo;), by the United States Securities and Exchange
Commission (the &ldquo;<B>SEC</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">B.&#9;The Company has
authorized the issuance of one or more series of senior subordinated convertible debentures, in the form attached hereto to the
applicable Supplemental Indenture (as defined below)(the &ldquo;<B>Notes</B>&rdquo;), which Notes shall be convertible into shares
of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, of the Company (the &ldquo;<B>Common Stock</B>&rdquo;) (as converted, collectively,
together with any shares of Common Stock issuable as interest or otherwise pursuant to such Notes, the &ldquo;<B>Conversion Shares</B>&rdquo;)
in accordance with, and issued pursuant to and by, the provisions of an Indenture dated as of the Series A Closing Date (as defined
below), by and between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the &ldquo;<B>Trustee</B>&rdquo;), in substantially
the form attached hereto as <B><U>Exhibit A-1</U></B> (as amended and/or supplemented from time to time, including, without limitation,
by any Supplemental Indenture (as defined below), the &ldquo;<B>Indenture</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">C. &#9;Each Buyer wishes
to purchase, and the Company wishes to sell at the Series A Closing (as defined below), upon the terms and conditions stated in
this Agreement, (a) a Note in the aggregate original principal amount set forth opposite such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column (3)
on the Schedule of Buyers (which aggregate principal amount for all Buyers shall not exceed $6 million (each, an &ldquo;<B>Series
A Note</B>&rdquo;, and collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Series A Notes</B>&rdquo;)(as converted, collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Series
A Conversion Shares</B>&rdquo;) issued pursuant to one or more supplemental indentures substantially in the form attached hereto
as <B><U>Exhibit A-2</U></B> (each, a &ldquo;<B>Series A Supplemental Indenture</B>&rdquo;), (b) a warrant to acquire up to that
aggregate number of additional shares of Common Stock set forth opposite such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column (5) on the Schedule
of Buyers, in the form attached hereto as <B><U>Exhibit B-1</U></B> (the &ldquo;<B>Series A</B> <B>Warrants</B>&rdquo;) (as exercised,
collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Series A Warrant Shares</B>&rdquo;) and (c) a warrant to acquire up to that aggregate number of additional
shares of Common Stock set forth opposite such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column (6) on the Schedule of Buyers, in the form attached
hereto as <B><U>Exhibit B-2</U></B> (the &ldquo;<B>Series B</B> <B>Warrants</B>&rdquo;, and together with the Series A Warrants,
the &ldquo;<B>Warrants</B>&rdquo;) (as exercised, collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Series B Warrant Shares</B>&rdquo;, and together
with the Series A Warrant Shares, the &ldquo;<B>Warrant Shares</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">D.&#9;Subject to the
terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company may require each Buyer to participate in the Series B Closing (as
defined below) for the purchase by such Buyer, and the sale by the Company, of a Note in an original principal amount of set forth
opposite such Buyer's name in column (4) on the Schedule of Buyers (which aggregate principal amount for all Buyers shall not exceed
$8 million) (each an &ldquo;<B>Series B Note</B>&rdquo;, and collectively, the &quot;<B>Series B Notes</B>&quot;)(as converted,
collectively, the &quot;<B>Series B Conversion Shares</B>&quot; and, collectively with the Series A Conversion Shares, the &quot;<B>Conversion
Shares</B>&quot;) issued pursuant to one or more supplemental indentures substantially in the form attached hereto as <B><U>Exhibit
A-3</U></B> (each, a &ldquo;<B>Series B Supplemental Indenture</B>&rdquo;, and together with the Series A Supplemental Indentures,
the &ldquo;<B>Supplemental Indentures</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">E.&#9;The Notes are
entitled to interest, amortization payments and certain other amounts, which, at the option of the Company and subject to certain
conditions, may be paid in shares of Common Stock (the &quot;<B>Interest Shares</B>&quot;) or in cash.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">G.&#9;The Notes, the
Conversion Shares, the Interest Shares, the Warrants and the Warrant Shares are collectively referred to herein as the &ldquo;<B>Securities</B>.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><B><U>AGREEMENT</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">NOW, THEREFORE, in
consideration of the premises and the mutual covenants contained herein and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt
and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Company and each Buyer hereby agree as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">1.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>PURCHASE AND SALE OF NOTES AND WARRANTS.</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Notes and Warrants</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Series A Closing</U>. Subject to the satisfaction (or waiver) of the conditions set forth in Sections 6(a) and 7(a) below,
the Company shall issue and sell to each Buyer, and each Buyer severally, but not jointly, shall purchase from the Company on the
Series A Closing Date (as defined below), a Series A Note in the original principal amount as is set forth opposite such Buyer&rsquo;s
name in column (3) on the Schedule of Buyers along with (x) a Series A Warrant to acquire up to that aggregate number of Series
A Warrant Shares as is set forth opposite such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column (5) on the Schedule of Buyers and (y) a Series B Warrant
to acquire up to that aggregate number of Series B Warrant Shares as is set forth opposite such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column (6)
on the Schedule of Buyers (the &ldquo;<B>Series A Closing</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Series B Closing</U>. Subject to the satisfaction (or waiver) of the conditions set forth in Sections 1(b)(ii), 6(b)
and 7(b) below, the Company shall issue and sell to each Buyer, and each Buyer severally, but not jointly, shall purchase from
the Company on the Series B Closing Date (as defined below), a Series B Note in the original principal amount as is set forth opposite
such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column (4) on the Schedule of Buyers (the &ldquo;<B>Series B Closing</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Closings</U>. The Series A Closing and the Series B Closing are each referred to in this Agreement as a &ldquo;<B>Closing&rdquo;</B>.
Each Closing shall occur at the offices of Greenberg Traurig, LLP, MetLife Building, 200 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10166.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Series A Closing</U>. The date and time of the Series A Closing (the &ldquo;<B>Series A Closing Date</B>&rdquo;) shall
be 10:00 a.m., New York time, on the first (1<SUP>st</SUP>) Business Day (as defined below) on which the conditions to the Series
A Closing set forth in Sections 6(a) and 7(a) below are satisfied or waived (or such later date as is mutually agreed to by the
Company and each Buyer). As used herein &ldquo;<B>Business Day</B>&rdquo; means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other
day on which commercial banks in New York, New York are authorized or required by law to remain closed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Series B Closing</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.65pt">(1)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><U>Series
B Closing Date</U>. Subject to the satisfaction (or waiver) of the conditions set forth in this Section 1(b)(ii) and Sections
6(b) and 7(b) below, the date and time of the Series B Closing shall be 10:00 a.m., New York time on the third
(3<SUP>rd</SUP>) Trading Day after the Stockholder Approval Date (as defined below) (or such later date as is mutually agreed
to by the Company and each Buyer) (the &ldquo;<B>Series B Closing Date</B>,&rdquo; and the Series A Closing Date and the
Series B Closing Date, each, a &quot;<B>Closing Date</B>&rdquo;). <FONT STYLE="color: black">Notwithstanding anything herein
to the contrary, if the Series B Closing Date has not occurred by July 1, 2013 (or such later date as mutually agreed upon by
the Company and each Buyer) (the &ldquo;<B>Series B Closing Expiration Date</B>&rdquo;), no Series B Closing shall occur
hereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.65pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.65pt">(2)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Series B Closing Mechanics</U>. <FONT STYLE="color: black">Subject to the satisfaction (or waiver) of the conditions
to closing set forth in </FONT>this Section 1(b)(ii) and Sections 6(b) and 7(b) below, on the Stockholder Approval Date, <FONT STYLE="color: black">the
Company shall deliver a written notice (the &ldquo;<B>Series B Closing Notice</B>&rdquo;, and the date thereof the <B>&ldquo;Series
B Closing Notice Date</B>&rdquo;) to the Buyers, executed by the chief executive officer or chief financial officer of the Company,
(x) certifying that (I) the Stockholder Approval Date has occurred, (II) </FONT>no Equity Conditions Failure <FONT STYLE="color: black">(as
defined in the Series A Notes) exists (or detailing any such Equity Conditions Failure and specifying that no Series B Closing
shall occur unless the Buyers waiver such Equity Conditions Failure) and (III) </FONT>both the Series B Closing Volume Condition
(as defined below) and the Series B Closing Price Condition (as defined below)<FONT STYLE="color: black"> have been satisfied (or
detailing any failure to satisfy such conditions and specifying that no Series B Closing shall occur unless the Buyers waivers
such failure), in each case, as of the Series B Closing Notice Date (the &ldquo;<B>Series B Notice Conditions</B>&rdquo;), (y)
confirming the Series B Note Amount to be purchased by such Buyer and the proposed Series B Closing Date and (z) attaching the
draft Series B Supplemental Indenture and Prospectus Supplement (as defined below) with respect thereto. The Series B Closing<B>
</B>Notice shall be irrevocable. If the Company fails to deliver a Series B Closing Notice to each Buyer on the Stockholder Approval
Date, the Company shall be deemed to have delivered a Series B Closing Notice on the Stockholder Approval Date and certified that
Series B Notice Conditions have been satisfied. For the avoidance of doubt, </FONT>the Buyers shall not be required to consummate
any Series B Closing if on the Series B Closing Date the Stockholder Approval has not been obtained, there is an Equity Conditions
Failure <FONT STYLE="color: black">(as defined in the Series A Notes)</FONT> or if either the Series B Closing Volume Condition
(as defined below) or the Series B Closing Price Condition (as defined below) has not been satisfied<FONT STYLE="color: black">
in full on the Series B Closing Date.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.65pt"><FONT STYLE="color: black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.65pt"><FONT STYLE="color: black"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.65pt"><FONT STYLE="color: black">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Purchase Price</U>. The aggregate purchase price for the Series A Notes to be purchased by each Buyer (the &ldquo;<B>Series
A Purchase Price</B>&rdquo;) shall be the amount set forth opposite such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column (7) on the Schedule of Buyers.
The aggregate purchase price for the Series B Notes to be purchased by each Buyer (the &ldquo;<B>Series B Purchase Price</B>&rdquo;,
and together with the Series A Purchase Price, each, a &ldquo;<B>Purchase Price</B>&rdquo;) shall be the amount set forth opposite
such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column (8) on the Schedule of Buyers. The Buyers and the Company agree that for purposes of applying
Section 305 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the &quot;<B>Code</B>&quot;), the Company will apply Section 1273(c)(2)
of the Code as if the Notes and the Warrants constitute an &quot;investment unit&quot; for purposes of Section 1273(c)(2) of the
Code. The parties agree that the Purchase Price shall be allocated between each Note and Warrant in accordance with Section 1273(c)(2)
of the Code and Treasury Regulation Section 1.1273-2(h) as mutually agreed to by the parties, and none of the parties shall take
any position inconsistent with such allocation in any tax return or in any judicial or administrative proceeding in respect of
taxes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Form of Payment</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>On the Series A Closing Date, (A) each Buyer shall pay its respective Series A Purchase Price (less any amounts permitted
to be withheld by such Buyer pursuant to Section 4(j)) to the Company for the Series A Notes to be issued and sold to such Buyer
at the Series A Closing, by wire transfer of immediately available funds in accordance with the Company&rsquo;s written wire instructions
and (B)&nbsp;the Company shall deliver to each Buyer (x) a Series A Note in the aggregate original principal amount as is set forth
opposite such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column (3) of the Schedule of Buyers, (y) a Series A Warrant pursuant to which such Buyer shall
have the right to acquire up to such aggregate number of Series A Warrant Shares as is set forth opposite such Buyer&rsquo;s name
in column (5) of the Schedule of Buyers and (z) a Series B Warrant pursuant to which such Buyer shall have the right to acquire
up to that aggregate number of Series B Warrant Shares as is set forth opposite such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column (6) on the Schedule
of Buyers, in each case, duly executed on behalf of the Company and registered in the name of such Buyer or its designee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>On the Series B Closing Date, (A) <FONT STYLE="color: black">each Buyer </FONT>shall pay the Series B Purchase Price (less
any amounts permitted to be withheld by such Buyer pursuant to Section 4(j)) to the Company for the Series B Notes to be issued
and sold to <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer </FONT>at the Series B Closing, by wire transfer of immediately available funds
in accordance with the Company&rsquo;s written wire instructions and (B)&nbsp;the Company shall deliver to <FONT STYLE="color: black">each
Buyer </FONT>a Series B Note in the aggregate original principal amount as is set forth opposite such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column
(4) of the Schedule of Buyers duly executed on behalf of the Company and registered in the name of <FONT STYLE="color: black">such
Buyer </FONT>or its designee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Rank</U>. Each Buyer acknowledges that the Series A Notes and the Series B Notes shall rank pari passu with each other.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">2.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>BUYER&rsquo;S REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES.</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Each Buyer, severally
and not jointly, represents and warrants to the Company with respect to only itself that, as of the date hereof and as of each
Closing Date:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Organization; Authority</U>. Such Buyer is an entity duly organized, validly existing and in good standing under
the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization with the requisite power and authority to enter into and to consummate the transactions
contemplated by the Transaction Documents (as defined below) to which it is a party and otherwise to carry out its obligations
hereunder and thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Validity; Enforcement</U>. This Agreement has been duly and validly authorized, executed and delivered on behalf
of such Buyer and constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligations of such Buyer enforceable against such Buyer in accordance
with their respective terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity or applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation and other similar laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement
of applicable creditors&rsquo; rights and remedies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>No Conflicts</U>. The execution, delivery and performance by such Buyer of this Agreement and the consummation
by such Buyer of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby will not (i) result in a violation of the organizational documents
of such Buyer, (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become
a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination, amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture
or instrument to which such Buyer is a party, or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree
(including federal and state securities laws) applicable to such Buyer, except in the case of clauses (ii) and (iii) above, for
such conflicts, defaults, rights or violations which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have
a material adverse effect on the ability of such Buyer to perform its obligations hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Certain Trading Activities. </U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">Such Buyer has not directly or indirectly,
nor has any Person acting on behalf of or pursuant to any understanding with such Buyer, engaged in any transactions in the securities
of the Company (including, without limitation, any Short Sales (as defined below) involving the Company&rsquo;s securities) during
the period commencing as of the time that such Buyer was first contacted by the Placement Agent (as defined below) regarding the
specific investment in the Company contemplated by this Agreement and ending immediately prior to the execution of this Agreement
by such Buyer. &ldquo;<B>Short Sales</B>&rdquo; means all &ldquo;short sales&rdquo; as defined in Rule 200 promulgated under Regulation
SHO under the 1934 Act (as defined below) <FONT STYLE="color: black">(but shall not be deemed to include the location and/or reservation
of borrowable shares of Common Stock)</FONT>. Such Buyer is aware that Short Sales and other hedging activities may be subject
to applicable federal and state securities laws, rules and regulations and such Buyer acknowledges that the responsibility of
compliance with any such federal or state securities laws, rules and regulations is solely the responsibility of such Buyer.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Receipt of Prospectus Supplements</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. Such Buyer acknowledges receipt of the
Company&rsquo;s Prospectus Supplements relating to the offering of the Securities, which Prospectus Supplements are required to
be delivered to such Buyer pursuant to Section 4(c) below. Such Buyer acknowledges that it has had an opportunity to review the
Prospectus Supplements prior to committing to purchase any of the Securities. Such Buyer represents and warrants to the Placement
Agent that, in connection with the offering of the Securities, it has not received any Free Writing Prospectus, as defined in
Rule 405 under the 1933 Act, and in making its decision to purchase the Securities has relied solely upon the Company&rsquo;s
disclosure in the Prospectus Supplements and the documents incorporated therein by reference.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Independent Negotiation of Transaction</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. Such Buyer understands that
nothing in this Agreement, the Prospectus Supplements or any other materials presented to such Buyer in connection with the purchase
and sale of the Securities constitutes legal, tax or investment advice from the Placement Agent. Such Buyer is knowledgeable, sophisticated
and experienced in making, and is qualified to make decisions with respect to, investments in securities presenting an investment
decision like that involved in the purchase of the Securities. Such Buyer has independently negotiated and entered into this Agreement
and the transactions contemplated hereby and has consulted such legal, tax and investment advisors and made such investigation
as it, in its sole discretion, has deemed necessary or appropriate in connection with its purchase of the Securities. Such Buyer
confirms that it is not relying on any representation, warranty or other statement made by the Placement Agent. </FONT></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>FINRA</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. Such Buyer represents that (i) it has had no position, office
or other material relationship within the past three years with the Company or persons known to it to be affiliates of the Company,
(ii) it is not a FINRA member or an Associated Person (as such term is defined under the NASD Membership and Registration Rules
Section 1011) as of the Closing, and (iii) neither such Buyer nor any group of investors (as identified in a public filing made
with the Commission) of which such Buyer is a part in connection with the offering of the Securities acquired, or obtained the
right to acquire, 20% or more of the Common Stock (or securities convertible into or exercisable for Common Stock) or the voting
power of the Company on a post-transaction basis.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Reliance</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. Such Buyer acknowledges and agrees that the Placement Agent shall
be a third party beneficiary of the representations and warranties contained in this Section 2 and that the Placement Agent shall
be entitled to rely on such representations and warranties as of such Buyer made such representations and warranties directly
to the Placement Agent.</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">3.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY.</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company represents
and warrants to each of the Buyers that, as of the date hereof and as of each Closing Date:</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT><U>Organization
and Qualification</U>. Each of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (as defined in the Notes) are entities
duly organized and validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the jurisdiction in which they are formed, and
have the requisite power and authorization to own their properties and to carry on their business as now being conducted and
as presently proposed to be conducted. Each of the Company and each of its Restricted Subsidiaries is duly qualified as
a foreign entity to do business and is in good standing in every jurisdiction in which its ownership of property or the
nature of the business conducted by it makes such qualification necessary, except to the extent that the failure to be so
qualified or be in good standing would not have a Material Adverse Effect. As used in this Agreement, &ldquo;<B>Material
Adverse Effect</B>&rdquo; means any material adverse effect on (i) the business, properties, assets, liabilities,
operations (including results thereof), condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary, individually or taken as a whole, (ii) the transactions contemplated hereby or in any of the other Transaction
Documents or (iii) the authority or ability of the Company to perform any of its obligations under any of the Transaction
Documents (as defined below). Other than its Restricted Subsidiaries and Excluded Subsidiaries, there is no Person in which the Company,
directly or indirectly, owns capital stock or holds an equity or similar interest.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT><U>Authorization;
Enforcement; Validity</U>. The Company has the requisite power and authority to enter into and perform its obligations under
this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents and to issue the Securities in accordance with the terms hereof and
thereof. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents by the Company, and the
consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, without limitation and subject to
the provisions contained in Section 2(c) above, the issuance of the Notes and issuance of the Conversion Shares issuable
upon conversion of the Notes and the reservation for issuance and issuance any Interest Shares issuable pursuant to the terms
of the Notes, the issuance of the Warrants and the reservation for issuance and issuance of the Warrant Shares issuable upon
exercise of the Warrants) have been duly authorized by the Company&rsquo;s board of directors or other governing body and
(other than (i) obtaining the approval of the Company&rsquo;s stockholders to increase the number of shares of authorized
Common Stock (and making any filings with the Principal Market (as defined below), the SEC and the Delaware Secretary of
State that are required in connection therewith), (ii) obtaining the approval of the Company's stockholders pursuant to
NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d) to issue more than 28,920,013 shares of our common stock upon exercise, conversion or otherwise
of the Securities (and making any filings with the SEC that are required in connection therewith) and (iii) the filing with
the SEC of (A) prospectus supplements in connection with the Series A Closing as required by the Registration Statement
pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the 1933 Act (each, a &ldquo;<B>Prospectus Supplement</B>&rdquo;, and collectively, the
&ldquo;<B>Prospectus Supplements</B>&rdquo;) supplementing the base prospectus forming part of the Registration Statement
(the &ldquo;<B>Prospectus</B>&rdquo;), and the Indenture (and/or any amendment or supplement thereto), (B) a registration
statement on Form S-1 or Form S-3 with respect to the issuance of the Series A Warrant Shares prior to the date the Series A
Warrants become exercisable (and any other filings as may be required by any state securities agencies in connection
therewith) and (C) a registration statement on Form S-1 or From S-3 with respect to the issuance of the Series B Warrant
Shares prior to the date the Series B Warrants become exercisable (and any other filings as may be required by any
state securities agencies in connection therewith) and any other filings as may be required by any state securities
agencies), no further filing, consent or authorization is required by the Company, its board of directors or its stockholders
or other governing body. This Agreement has been, and the other Transaction Documents to be delivered on or prior to the
applicable Closing will be prior to such Closing, duly executed and delivered by the Company, and upon such execution will
constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with their
respective terms, except as such enforceability may be limited by general principles of equity or applicable bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization, moratorium, liquidation or similar laws relating to, or affecting generally, the enforcement of
applicable creditors&rsquo; rights and remedies and except as rights to indemnification and to contribution may be limited by
federal or state securities law. &ldquo;<B>Transaction Documents</B>&rdquo; means, collectively, this Agreement, the Notes,
the Indenture, the Supplemental Indentures, the Warrants, the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions (as defined below) and
each of the other agreements and instruments entered into or delivered by any of the parties hereto in connection with the
transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, as may be amended from time to time.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Issuance of Securities</U>. The issuance of the Notes and the Warrants are duly authorized and upon issuance in
accordance with the terms of the Transaction Documents shall be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and free from all
preemptive or similar rights, taxes, liens, charges and other encumbrances with respect to the issuance thereof. The Company shall
have reserved from its duly authorized capital stock (x) as of the Series A Closing Date, not less than 30,000,000 shares of Common
Stock for issuance as Conversion Shares or Interest Shares pursuant to the terms of the Series A Notes and (y) if applicable, as
of the Series B Closing Date, the sum of (i) 125% of the maximum number of Conversion Shares issuable upon conversion of the Notes
(determined without taking into account any limitations on the conversion of the Notes set forth therein and assuming that the
Notes are convertible at the Series A Conversion Price (as defined in the Series A Notes) or Series B Conversion Price (as defined
in the Series B Notes), as applicable, and all Series B Notes issuable hereunder have been issued) and (ii) 125% of the maximum
number of Interest Shares issuable pursuant to the terms of the Notes from the Series A Closing Date through the maturity date
of the Series A Notes (determined without taking into account any limitations on the conversion of the Notes set forth therein
and assuming that all Series B Notes issuable hereunder have been issued) and (iii) the maximum number of Warrant Shares issuable
upon exercise of the Warrants (without taking into account any limitations on the exercise of the Warrants set forth therein).
Upon issuance or conversion in accordance with the Notes and the Indenture or exercise in accordance with the Warrants (as the
case may be), the Conversion Shares, the Interest Shares and the Warrant Shares, respectively, when issued, will be validly issued,
fully paid and nonassessable and free from all preemptive or similar rights, taxes, liens, charges and other encumbrances with
respect to the issue thereof, with the holders being entitled to all rights accorded to a holder of Common Stock. The issuance
by the Company of the Securities (other than the Series A Warrant Shares and the Series B Warrant Shares) has been registered under
the 1933 Act, the Securities (other than the Series A Warrant Shares and the Series B Warrant Shares) are being issued pursuant
to the Registration Statement and all of the Securities (other than the Series A Warrant Shares and the Series B Warrant Shares)
are freely transferable and freely tradable by each of the Buyers without restriction. The Registration Statement is effective
and available for the issuance of the Securities thereunder and the Company has not received any notice that the SEC has issued
or intends to issue a stop-order with respect to the Registration Statement or that the SEC otherwise has suspended or withdrawn
the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, either temporarily or permanently, or intends or has threatened in writing to
do so. The &ldquo;Plan of Distribution&rdquo; section under the Registration Statement permits the issuance and sale of the Securities
(other than the Series A Warrant Shares and the Series B Warrant Shares) hereunder and as contemplated by the other Transaction
Documents. Upon receipt of the Securities, each of the Buyers will have good and marketable title to the Securities. The Registration
Statement and any prospectus included therein, including the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement, complied in all material
respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder
and all other applicable laws and regulations. At the time the Registration Statement and any amendments thereto became effective,
at the date of this Agreement and at each deemed effective date thereof pursuant to Rule 430B(f)(2) of the 1933 Act, the Registration
Statement and any amendments thereto complied and will comply in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and
did not and will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein
or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading. The Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto (including,
without limitation the Prospectus Supplement), at the time the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto was issued and
at such Closing Date, complied, and will comply, in all material respects with the requirements of the 1933 Act and did not, and
will not, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements
therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Company meets all of the requirements for
the use of Form S-3 under the 1933 Act for the offering and sale of the Securities (other than the Series A Warrant Shares and
the Series B Warrant Shares) contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents, and the SEC has not notified the
Company of any objection to the use of the form of the Registration Statement pursuant to Rule 401(g)(1) under the 1933 Act. The
Registration Statement meets the requirements set forth in Rule 415(a)(1)(x) under the 1933 Act.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>No Conflicts</U>. The execution, delivery and performance of the Transaction Documents by the Company and the
consummation by the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (including, without
limitation, the issuance of the Notes, the Warrants, the Conversion Shares, the Interest Shares and the Warrant Shares and the
reservation for issuance of the Conversion Shares, the Interest Shares and the Warrant Shares as contemplated under Section 2(c)
above) will not (i) result in a violation of the Certificate of Incorporation (as defined below) or other organizational documents
of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, any capital stock of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or
Bylaws (as defined below) of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, (ii) conflict with, or constitute a default (or
an event which with notice or lapse of time or both would become a default) under, or give to others any rights of termination,
amendment, acceleration or cancellation of, any agreement, indenture or instrument to which the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries is a party, or (iii) result in a violation of any law, rule, regulation, order, judgment or decree (including foreign,
federal and state securities laws and regulations and the rules and regulations of the Nasdaq Capital Market (the <B>&ldquo;Principal
Market</B>&rdquo;) and including all applicable federal laws, rules and regulations) applicable to the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries or by which any property or asset of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is bound or affected except,
in the case of clause (ii) or (iii) above, to the extent such violations that could not reasonably be expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT><U>Consents</U><FONT STYLE="color: black">. </FONT>Neither
the Company nor any Restricted Subsidiary is required to obtain any consent from, authorization or order of, or make
any filing or registration with (other than the filing with the SEC of the Prospectus Supplement, the Indenture (and/or
any amendment or supplement thereto) and the 8-K Filings and any other filings as may be required by any state
securities agencies), any Governmental Entity or other self-regulatory organization or body or any other Person in order for
it to execute, deliver or perform any of its respective obligations under or contemplated by the Transaction Documents, in
each case, in accordance with the terms hereof or thereof, except for (i) the consent of the holders of the Company&rsquo;s
Senior Unsecured Notes issued on January 11, 2013 and the waiver of notice provisions applicable to participation rights
available under the Securities Purchase Agreement dated December 8, 2011, which consent and waiver will be obtained prior to
Closing, (ii) the filing of a registration statement on Form S-1 or Form S-3 with the SEC with respect to the resale of
shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of warrants held by the holders of the Company&rsquo;s Senior Unsecured Notes
and in payment of interest under the Senior Unsecured Notes (the &quot;<B>Senior Unsecured Notes
Registration Statement</B>&quot;), (iii) the filing of a notification form with the Principal Market, (iv) the approval of
the Company's stockholders to increase the number of shares of authorized Common Stock (and making any filings with the
Principal Market, the SEC and the Delaware Secretary of State that are required in connection therewith) and (v) the approval
of the Company's stockholders pursuant to NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d) to issue more than 28,920,013 shares of our common
stock upon exercise, conversion or otherwise of the Securities (and making any filings with the SEC that are required in
connection therewith). All consents, authorizations, orders, filings and registrations which the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary is required to obtain pursuant to the preceding sentence have been obtained or effected on or prior to such
Closing Date (other than the filing of the Senior Unsecured Notes Registration Statement and obtaining the approval of the company&rsquo;s stockholders as described in subsection (ii), (iv) and
(v) above), and neither the Company nor any
of its Restricted Subsidiaries are aware of any facts or circumstances which might prevent the Company or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries from obtaining or effecting any of the registration, application or filings contemplated by the
Transaction Documents. The Company is not in violation of the requirements of the Principal Market (other than the minimum
bid price per share of $1.00) and has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances which could reasonably lead to delisting or
suspension of the Common Stock in the foreseeable future. As used herein, &ldquo;<B>Governmental Entity</B>&rdquo; means any
nation, state, county, city, town, village, district, or other political jurisdiction of any nature, federal, state, local,
municipal, foreign, or other government, governmental or quasi-governmental authority of any nature (including any
governmental agency, branch, department, official, or entity and any court or other tribunal), multi-national organization or
body; or body exercising, or entitled to exercise, any administrative, executive, judicial, legislative, police, regulatory,
or taxing authority or power of any nature or instrumentality of any of the foregoing, including any entity or enterprise
owned or controlled by a government or a public international organization or any of the foregoing.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Acknowledgment Regarding Buyer&rsquo;s Purchase of Securities</U>. The Company acknowledges and agrees that each
Buyer is acting solely in the capacity of an arm&rsquo;s length purchaser with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions
contemplated hereby and thereby and that no Buyer is (i) an officer or director of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries,
(ii) to its knowledge, an &ldquo;affiliate&rdquo; (as defined in Rule 144) of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries
or (iii) to its knowledge, a &ldquo;beneficial owner&rdquo; of more than 10% of the shares of Common Stock (as defined for purposes
of Rule 13d-3 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;<B>1934 Act</B>&rdquo;)). The Company further acknowledges
that no Buyer is acting as a financial advisor or fiduciary of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (or in any similar
capacity) with respect to the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and any advice given
by a Buyer or any of its representatives or agents in connection with the Transaction Documents and the transactions contemplated
hereby and thereby is merely incidental to such Buyer&rsquo;s purchase of the Securities. The Company further represents to each
Buyer that the Company&rsquo;s decision to enter into the Transaction Documents to which it is a party has been based solely on
the independent evaluation by the Company and its representatives.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Placement Agent&rsquo;s Fees</U>. The Company shall be responsible for the payment of any placement agent&rsquo;s
fees, financial advisory fees, or brokers&rsquo; commissions (other than for Persons engaged by any Buyer or its investment advisor)
relating to or arising out of the transactions contemplated hereby, including, without limitation, the sale of the Securities.
Other than Lazard Capital Markets LLC (the &ldquo;<B>Placement Agent</B>&rdquo;), neither the Company nor any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries has engaged any placement agent or other agent in connection with the offer or sale of the Securities.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>No Integrated Offering</U>. None of the Company, its Restricted Subsidiaries
or any of their affiliates, nor any Person acting on their behalf has, directly or indirectly, made any offers or sales of any
security or solicited any offers to buy any security, under circumstances that would require registration of the issuance of any
of the Securities under the 1933 Act, whether through integration with prior offerings or otherwise. None of the Company, its Restricted Subsidiaries, their affiliates nor any Person acting on their behalf will take any action
or steps referred to in the preceding sentence that would require registration of the issuance of any of the Securities under the
1933 Act or cause the offering of any of the Securities to be integrated with other offerings of securities of the Company.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Dilutive Effect</U>. The Company understands and acknowledges that the number of Conversion Shares, Interest Shares
and Warrant Shares will increase in certain circumstances. The Company further acknowledges that its obligation to issue the Conversion
Shares upon conversion of the Notes in accordance with this Agreement, the Indenture and the Notes, the Interest Shares in accordance
with this Agreement, the Indenture and the Notes and the Warrant Shares upon exercise of the Warrants in accordance with this Agreement
and the Warrants is, absolute and unconditional regardless of the dilutive effect that such issuance may have on the ownership
interests of other stockholders of the Company.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(j)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT><U>Application
of Takeover Protections; Rights Agreement</U>. Except as described on Schedule 3(j), the  Company and its board of
directors have taken all necessary action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any control share acquisition, interested
stockholder, business combination, poison pill (including, without limitation, any distribution under a rights agreement) or
other similar anti-takeover provision under the Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws or other organizational documents or
the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation or otherwise which is or could become applicable to any Buyer as a result
of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including, without limitation, the Company&rsquo;s issuance of the
Securities and any Buyer&rsquo;s ownership of the Securities. The Company and its board of directors have taken all necessary
action, if any, in order to render inapplicable any stockholder rights plan or similar arrangement relating to accumulations
of beneficial ownership of shares of Common Stock or a change in control of the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(k)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>SEC Documents; Financial Statements</U>. During the two (2) years prior to the date hereof, the Company has timely
filed all reports, schedules, forms, statements and other documents required to be filed by it with the SEC pursuant to the reporting
requirements of the 1934 Act (all of the foregoing filed prior to the date hereof and all exhibits included therein and financial
statements, notes and schedules thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein being hereinafter referred to as the &ldquo;<B>SEC
Documents</B>&rdquo;). The Company has delivered to the Buyers or their respective representatives true, correct and complete copies
of each of the SEC Documents not available on the EDGAR system requested by the Buyers or their respective representatives. As
of their respective dates, the SEC Documents complied in all material respects with the requirements of the 1934 Act and the rules
and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder applicable to the SEC Documents, and none of the SEC Documents, at the time they
were filed with the SEC, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state a material fact required to be stated
therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading. As of their respective dates, the financial statements of the Company included in the SEC Documents complied as to
form in all material respects with applicable accounting requirements and the published rules and regulations of the SEC with respect
thereto as in effect as of the time of filing. Such financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles, consistently applied, during the periods involved (except (i) as may be otherwise indicated in such financial
statements or the notes thereto, or (ii) in the case of unaudited interim statements, to the extent they may exclude footnotes
or may be condensed or summary statements) and fairly present in all material respects the financial position of the Company as
of the dates thereof and the results of its operations and cash flows for the periods then ended (subject, in the case of unaudited
statements, to normal year-end audit adjustments which will not be material, either individually or in the aggregate). No other
information provided by or on behalf of the Company to any of the Buyers which is not included in the SEC Documents (including,
without limitation, information referred to in Section 4(l) of this Agreement) contains any untrue statement of a material fact
or omits to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading, in the light of the circumstance
under which they are or were made. The Company is not currently contemplating to amend or restate any of the financial statements
(including without limitation, any notes or any letter of the independent accountants of the Company with respect thereto) included
in the SEC Documents (the &ldquo;<B>Financial Statements</B>&rdquo;), nor is the Company currently aware of facts or circumstances
which would require the Company to amend or restate any of the Financial Statements, in each case, in order for any of the Financials
Statements to be in compliance with GAAP and the rules and regulations of the SEC. The Company has not been informed by its independent
accountants that they recommend that the Company amend or restate any of the Financial Statements or that there is any need for
the Company to amend or restate any of the Financial Statements. The report of the Company&rsquo;s independent auditors to be contained
in the Company&rsquo;s audited financial statements for the years ended December&nbsp;31, 2012 and 2011 shall not contain disclosure
raising substantial doubt about the Company&rsquo;s ability to continue as a going concern.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(l)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Absence of Certain Changes</U>. Since the date of the Company&rsquo;s most recent audited financial statements
contained in a Form 10-K and any subsequent unaudited financial statements contained in a Form 10-Q, there has been no material
adverse change and no material adverse development in the business, assets, liabilities, properties, operations (including results
thereof), condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries. Except as disclosed
in <U>Schedule 3(l)</U>, since the date of the Company&rsquo;s most recent audited financial statements contained in a Form 10-K,
neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has (i) declared or paid any dividends, (ii) sold any assets, individually
or in the aggregate, outside of the ordinary course of business or (iii) made any material capital expenditures, individually or
in the aggregate. Neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has taken any steps to seek protection pursuant to
any law or statute relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, receivership, liquidation or winding up, nor does the Company
or any Restricted Subsidiary have any knowledge or reason to believe that any of their respective creditors intend to initiate
involuntary bankruptcy proceedings or any actual knowledge of any fact which would reasonably lead a creditor to do so. The Company
and its Restricted Subsidiaries, individually and on a consolidated basis, are not as of the date hereof, and after giving effect
to the transactions contemplated hereby to occur at such Closing will not be, Insolvent (as defined below). The Company and its
Restricted Subsidiaries, individually and on a consolidated basis, are not, assuming the concurrent payment of the Purchase Price,
Insolvent (as defined below). For purposes of this Section 3(l), &ldquo;<B>Insolvent</B>&rdquo; means, (I) with respect to the
Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, (i) the present fair saleable value of the Company&rsquo;s and
its Restricted Subsidiaries&rsquo; assets is less than the amount required to pay the Company&rsquo;s and its Restricted Subsidiaries&rsquo;
total Indebtedness (as defined below), (ii) the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries are unable to pay their debts and liabilities,
subordinated, contingent or otherwise, as such debts and liabilities become absolute and matured or (iii) the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries intend to incur or believe that they will incur debts that would be beyond their ability to pay as such debts mature;
and (II) with respect to the Company and each Restricted Subsidiary, individually, (i) the present fair saleable value of the Company&rsquo;s
or such Restricted Subsidiary&rsquo;s (as the case may be) assets is less than the amount required to pay its respective total
Indebtedness, (ii) the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary (as the case may be) is unable to pay its respective debts and liabilities,
subordinated, contingent or otherwise, as such debts and liabilities become absolute and matured or (iii) the Company or such Restricted
Subsidiary (as the case may be) intends to incur or believes that it will incur debts that would be beyond its respective ability
to pay as such debts mature. Neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has engaged in any business or in any transaction,
and is not about to engage in any business or in any transaction, for which the Company&rsquo;s or such Restricted Subsidiary&rsquo;s
remaining assets constitute unreasonably small capital.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(m)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>No Undisclosed Events, Liabilities, Developments or Circumstances</U>. No event, liability, development or circumstance
has occurred or exists, or is reasonably expected to exist or occur with respect to the Company, any of its Restricted Subsidiaries
or any of their respective businesses, properties, liabilities, prospects, operations (including results thereof) or condition
(financial or otherwise), that (i) would be required to be disclosed by the Company under applicable securities laws on a registration
statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC relating to an issuance and sale by the Company of its Common Stock and which has not
been publicly announced, (ii) could have a material adverse effect on any Buyer&rsquo;s investment hereunder or (iii) could have
a Material Adverse Effect.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(n)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Conduct of Business; Regulatory Permits</U>. Except as disclosed in <U>Schedule 3(n)</U>, neither the Company
nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is in violation of any term of or in default under its Certificate of Incorporation, any
certificate of designation, preferences or rights of any other outstanding series of preferred stock of the Company or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries or Bylaws or their organizational charter, certificate of formation or certificate of incorporation or
bylaws, respectively. Neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is in violation of any judgment, decree or order
or any statute, ordinance, rule or regulation applicable to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, and neither the
Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries will conduct its business in violation of any of the foregoing, except in all cases
for possible violations which could not, individually or in the aggregate, have a Material Adverse Effect. Without limiting the
generality of the foregoing, except as disclosed in <U>Schedule 3(n)</U>, the Company is not in violation of any of the rules,
regulations or requirements of the Principal Market and has no knowledge of any facts or circumstances that could reasonably lead
to delisting or suspension of the Common Stock by the Principal Market in the foreseeable future. Except as disclosed in <U>Schedule
3(n)</U>, during the two years prior to the date hereof, (i) the Common Stock has been listed or designated for quotation on the
Principal Market, (ii) trading in the Common Stock has not been suspended by the SEC or the Principal Market and (iii) the Company
has received no communication, written or oral, from the SEC or the Principal Market regarding the suspension or delisting of the
Common Stock from the Principal Market. The Company and each of its Restricted Subsidiaries possess all certificates, authorizations
and permits issued by the appropriate regulatory authorities necessary to conduct their respective businesses, except where the
failure to possess such certificates, authorizations or permits would not have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse
Effect, and neither the Company nor any such Restricted Subsidiary has received any notice of proceedings relating to the revocation
or modification of any such certificate, authorization or permit.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(o)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Foreign Corrupt Practices</U>. Neither the Company, the Company&rsquo;s subsidiary or any director, officer, agent,
employee, nor any other person acting for or on behalf of the foregoing (individually and collectively, a &ldquo;<B>Company Affiliate</B>&rdquo;)
have violated the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (the &ldquo;<B>FCPA</B>&rdquo;) or any other applicable anti-bribery or anti-corruption
laws, nor has any Company Affiliate offered, paid, promised to pay, or authorized the payment of any money, or offered, given,
promised to give, or authorized the giving of anything of value, to any officer, employee or any other person acting in an official
capacity for any Governmental Entity to any political party or official thereof or to any candidate for political office (individually
and collectively, a &ldquo;<B>Government Official</B>&rdquo;) or to any person under circumstances where such Company Affiliate
knew or was aware of a high probability that all or a portion of such money or thing of value would be offered, given or promised,
directly or indirectly, to any Governmental Official, for the purpose of:</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: black">(1)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT>(A) influencing any act or decision of such Government Official in his/her official capacity, (B) inducing such Government
Official to do or omit to do any act in violation of his/her lawful duty, (C) securing any improper advantage, or (D) inducing
such Government Official to influence or affect any act or decision of any Governmental Entity, or</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="color: black">(2)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT>assisting the Company or its subsidiary in obtaining or retaining business for or with, or directing business to,
the Company or its subsidiary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(p)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Sarbanes-Oxley Act</U>. The Company and each Restricted Subsidiary is in compliance with all applicable requirements
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective as of the date hereof, and all applicable rules and regulations promulgated
by the SEC thereunder that are effective as of the date hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(q)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></FONT><U>Transactions
With Affiliates</U>. Except as disclosed in the SEC Documents or on Schedule 3(q), none of the officers, directors,
employees or affiliates of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is presently a party to any transaction with the
Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (other than for ordinary course services as employees, officers or
directors), including any contract, agreement or other arrangement providing for the furnishing of services to or by,
providing for rental of real or personal property to or from, or otherwise requiring payments to or from any such officer,
director, employee or affiliate or, to the knowledge of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, any
corporation, partnership, trust or other Person in which any such officer, director, or employee has a substantial interest
or is an employee, officer, director, trustee, affiliate or partner.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(r)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Equity Capitalization</U>. As of the date hereof, the authorized capital stock of the Company consists of (i)
300,000,000 shares of Common Stock, of which, 155,415,594 are issued and outstanding and 111,257,122 shares are reserved for issuance
pursuant to securities (other than the Notes and the Warrants) exercisable or exchangeable for, or convertible into, shares of
Common Stock and (ii) 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, of which 926,942 are issued and outstanding. No shares of Common Stock
are held in treasury. All of such outstanding shares are duly authorized and have been, or upon issuance will be, validly issued
and are fully paid and nonassessable. 5,011,637 shares of the Company&rsquo;s issued and outstanding Common Stock on the date hereof
are as of the date hereof owned by Persons who are &ldquo;affiliates&rdquo; (as defined in Rule 405 of the 1933 Act and calculated
based on the assumption that only officers, directors and holders of at least 10% of the Company&rsquo;s issued and outstanding
Common Stock are &ldquo;affiliates&rdquo; without conceding that any such Persons are &ldquo;affiliates&rdquo; for purposes of
federal securities laws) of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries. To the Company&rsquo;s knowledge, as of the date
hereof, no Person owns 10% or more of the Company&rsquo;s issued and outstanding shares of Common Stock (calculated based on the
assumption that all Convertible Securities (as defined below), whether or not presently exercisable or convertible, have been fully
exercised&nbsp;or converted&nbsp;(as the case may be) taking account of any limitations on exercise or conversion (including &ldquo;blockers&rdquo;)
contained therein without conceding that such identified Person is a 10% stockholder for purposes of federal securities laws).
Except as disclosed in <U>Schedule 3(r)</U>: (i) none of the Company&rsquo;s or any Restricted Subsidiary&rsquo;s capital stock
is subject to preemptive rights or any other similar rights or any liens or encumbrances suffered or permitted by the Company or
any Restricted Subsidiary; (ii) there are no outstanding options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments
of any character whatsoever relating to, or securities or rights convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, any capital
stock of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, or contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements by which
the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is or may become bound to issue additional capital stock of the Company or any
of its Restricted Subsidiaries or options, warrants, scrip, rights to subscribe to, calls or commitments of any character whatsoever
relating to, or securities or rights convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, any capital stock of the Company or
any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; (iii) there are no outstanding debt securities, notes, credit agreements, credit facilities
or other agreements, documents or instruments evidencing Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or by
which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is or may become bound; (iv) there are no financing statements securing
obligations in any amounts filed in connection with the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries; (v) there are no agreements
or arrangements under which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is obligated to register the sale of any of their
securities under the 1933 Act; (vi) there are no outstanding securities or instruments of the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries which contain any redemption or similar provisions, and there are no contracts, commitments, understandings or arrangements
by which the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is or may become bound to redeem a security of the Company or any of
its Restricted Subsidiaries; (vii) there are no securities or instruments containing anti-dilution or similar provisions that will
be triggered by the issuance of the Securities; (viii) neither the Company nor any Restricted Subsidiary has any stock appreciation
rights or &ldquo;phantom stock&rdquo; plans or agreements or any similar plan or agreement; and (ix) neither the Company nor any
of its Restricted Subsidiaries have any liabilities or obligations required to be disclosed in the SEC Documents which are not
so disclosed in the SEC Documents, other than those incurred in the ordinary course of the Company&rsquo;s or its Restricted Subsidiaries&rsquo;
respective businesses and which, individually or in the aggregate, do not or could not have a Material Adverse Effect. The Company
has furnished to the Buyers true, correct and complete copies of the Company&rsquo;s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended and
as in effect on the date hereof (the &ldquo;<B>Certificate of Incorporation</B>&rdquo;), and the Company&rsquo;s bylaws, as amended
and as in effect on the date hereof (the &ldquo;<B>Bylaws</B>&rdquo;), and the terms of all securities convertible into, or exercisable
or exchangeable for, shares of Common Stock and the material rights of the holders thereof in respect thereto that have not been
disclosed in the SEC Documents.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(s)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Indebtedness and Other Contracts</U>. Except as disclosed on <U>Schedule 3(s)</U>, neither the Company nor any
of its Restricted Subsidiaries (i) has any outstanding Indebtedness (as defined below), (ii) is a party to any contract, agreement
or instrument, the violation of which, or default under which, by the other party(ies) to such contract, agreement or instrument
could reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect, (iii) is in violation of any term of, or in default under,
any contract, agreement or instrument relating to any Indebtedness, except where such violations and defaults would not result,
individually or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect, or (iv) is a party to any contract, agreement or instrument relating
to any Indebtedness, the performance of which, in the judgment of the Company&rsquo;s officers, has or is expected to have a Material
Adverse Effect. For purposes of this Agreement: (x) &ldquo;<B>Indebtedness</B>&rdquo; of any Person means, without duplication
(A) all indebtedness for borrowed money, (B) all obligations issued, undertaken or assumed as the deferred purchase price of property
or services (including, without limitation, &ldquo;capital leases&rdquo; in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles)
(other than trade payables entered into in the ordinary course of business), (C) all reimbursement or payment obligations with
respect to letters of credit, surety bonds and other similar instruments, (D) all obligations evidenced by notes, bonds, debentures
or similar instruments, including obligations so evidenced incurred in connection with the acquisition of property, assets or businesses,
(E) all indebtedness created or arising under any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, or incurred as financing,
in either case with respect to any property or assets acquired with the proceeds of such indebtedness (even though the rights and
remedies of the seller or bank under such agreement in the event of default are limited to repossession or sale of such property),
(F) all monetary obligations under any leasing or similar arrangement which, in connection with generally accepted accounting principles,
consistently applied for the periods covered thereby, is classified as a capital lease, (G) all indebtedness referred to in clauses
(A) through (F) above secured by (or for which the holder of such Indebtedness has an existing right, contingent or otherwise,
to be secured by) any mortgage, claim, lien, tax, right of first refusal, encumbrance, pledge, charge, security interest or other
encumbrance upon or in any property or assets (including accounts and contract rights) owned by any Person, even though the Person
which owns such assets or property has not assumed or become liable for the payment of such indebtedness, and (H) all Contingent
Obligations in respect of indebtedness or obligations of others of the kinds referred to in clauses (A) through (G) above; (y)
&ldquo;<B>Contingent Obligation</B>&rdquo; means, as to any Person, any direct or indirect liability, contingent or otherwise,
of that Person with respect to any indebtedness, lease, dividend or other obligation of another Person if the primary purpose or
intent of the Person incurring such liability, or the primary effect thereof, is to provide assurance to the obligee of such liability
that such liability will be paid or discharged, or that any agreements relating thereto will be complied with, or that the holders
of such liability will be protected (in whole or in part) against loss with respect thereto; and (z) &ldquo;<B>Person</B>&rdquo;
means an individual, a limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation, a trust, an unincorporated organization,
any Governmental Entity or other self-regulatory organization or body, any other entity and a government or any department or agency
thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(t)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Absence of Litigation</U>. There is no action, suit, proceeding, inquiry or investigation before or by the Principal
Market, any Governmental Entity or other self-regulatory organization or body pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened
against or affecting the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, the Common Stock or any of the Company&rsquo;s or its Restricted
Subsidiaries&rsquo; officers or directors which is outside of the ordinary course of business or individually or in the aggregate
material to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries. There has not been, and to the knowledge of the Company, there is
not pending or contemplated, any investigation by the SEC involving the Company, any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or any current
or former director or officer of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries. The SEC has not issued any stop order or other
order suspending the effectiveness of any registration statement filed by the Company under the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(u)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Insurance</U>. The Company and each of its Restricted Subsidiaries are insured by insurers of recognized financial
responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as management of the Company believes to be prudent and customary
in the businesses in which the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries are engaged. Neither the Company nor any such Restricted
Subsidiary has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for, and neither the Company nor any such Restricted Subsidiary
has any reason to believe that it will be unable to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or
to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers as may be necessary to continue its business at a cost that would not have a Material
Adverse Effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(v)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Employee Relations</U>. Neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is a party to any collective
bargaining agreement or employs any member of a union. No executive officer (as defined in Rule 501(f) promulgated under the 1933
Act) or other key employee of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has notified the Company or any such Restricted
Subsidiary that such officer intends to leave the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary or otherwise terminate such officer&rsquo;s
employment with the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary. No executive officer or other key employee of the Company or any
of its Restricted Subsidiaries is, or is now expected to be, in violation of any material term of any employment contract, confidentiality,
disclosure or proprietary information agreement, non-competition agreement, or any other contract or agreement or any restrictive
covenant, and the continued employment of each such executive officer or other key employee (as the case may be) does not subject
the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to any liability with respect to any of the foregoing matters. The Company and
its Restricted Subsidiaries are in compliance with all federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations respecting labor,
employment and employment practices and benefits, terms and conditions of employment and wages and hours, except where failure
to be in compliance would not, either individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse
Effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(w)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Title</U>. The Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries have good and marketable title in fee simple to all real
property and have good and marketable title to all personal property owned by them which is material to the business of the Company
and its Restricted Subsidiaries, in each case, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances and defects except such as do not materially
affect the value of such property and do not interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property by the Company
and any of its Restricted Subsidiaries. Any real property and facilities held under lease by the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries are held by them under valid, subsisting and enforceable leases with such exceptions as are not material and do not
interfere with the use made and proposed to be made of such property and buildings by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(x)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Intellectual Property Rights</U>. The Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries own or possess adequate rights or
licenses to use all trademarks, trade names, service marks, service mark registrations, service names, patents, patent rights,
copyrights, original works, inventions, licenses, approvals, governmental authorizations, trade secrets and other intellectual
property rights and all applications and registrations therefor (&ldquo;<B>Intellectual Property Rights</B>&rdquo;) necessary to
conduct their respective businesses as now conducted and as presently proposed to be conducted. None of the Company&rsquo;s or
its Restricted Subsidiaries&rsquo; Intellectual Property Rights have expired, terminated or been abandoned, or are expected to
expire, terminate or be abandoned, within three years from the date of this Agreement. The Company has no knowledge of any infringement
by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries of Intellectual Property Rights of others. There is no claim, action or proceeding
being made or brought, or to the knowledge of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, being threatened, against the
Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries regarding their Intellectual Property Rights. The Company is not aware of any facts
or circumstances which might give rise to any of the foregoing infringements or claims, actions or proceedings. The Company and
each of its Restricted Subsidiaries have taken reasonable security measures to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of
all of their Intellectual Property Rights.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(y)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Environmental Laws</U>. The Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (i) are in compliance with all Environmental
Laws (as defined below), (ii) have received all permits, licenses or other approvals required of them under applicable Environmental
Laws to conduct their respective businesses and (iii) are in compliance with all terms and conditions of any such permit, license
or approval, except where, in each of the foregoing clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), the failure to so comply could be reasonably expected
to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect. The term &ldquo;<B>Environmental Laws</B>&rdquo; means all
federal, state, local or foreign laws relating to pollution or protection of human health or the environment (including, without
limitation, ambient air, surface water, groundwater, land surface or subsurface strata), including, without limitation, laws relating
to emissions, discharges, releases or threatened releases of chemicals, pollutants, contaminants, or toxic or hazardous substances
or wastes (collectively, &ldquo;<B>Hazardous Materials</B>&rdquo;) into the environment, or otherwise relating to the manufacture,
processing, distribution, use, treatment, storage, disposal, transport or handling of Hazardous Materials, as well as all authorizations,
codes, decrees, demands or demand letters, injunctions, judgments, licenses, notices or notice letters, orders, permits, plans
or regulations issued, entered, promulgated or approved thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(z)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Restricted Subsidiary Rights</U>. Except as set forth on <U>Schedule 3(z)</U>, the Company or one of its Restricted
Subsidiaries has the unrestricted right to vote, and (subject to limitations imposed by applicable law) to receive dividends and
distributions on, all capital securities of its Restricted Subsidiaries as owned by the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(aa)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Tax Status</U>. Each of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries (i) has timely filed all foreign, federal
and state income and all other material tax returns, reports and declarations required by any jurisdiction to which it is subject,
(ii) has timely paid all taxes and other governmental assessments and charges that are material in amount, shown or determined
to be due on such returns, reports and declarations, except those being contested in good faith and (iii) has set aside on its
books provision reasonably adequate for the payment of all taxes for periods subsequent to the periods to which such returns, reports
or declarations apply. There are no unpaid taxes in any material amount claimed to be due by the taxing authority of any jurisdiction,
and the officers of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries know of no basis for any such claim. The Company is not operated
in such a manner as to qualify as a passive foreign investment company, as defined in Section 1297 of the U.S. Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(bb)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Internal Accounting and Disclosure Controls</U>. Each of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries maintains
internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the 1934 Act) that is effective to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external
purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, including that (i) transactions are executed in accordance
with management&rsquo;s general or specific authorizations, (ii) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of
financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and to maintain asset and liability accountability,
(iii) access to assets or incurrence of liabilities is permitted only in accordance with management&rsquo;s general or specific
authorization and (iv) the recorded accountability for assets and liabilities is compared with the existing assets and liabilities
at reasonable intervals and appropriate action is taken with respect to any difference. The Company maintains disclosure controls
and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the 1934 Act) that are effective in ensuring that information required
to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the 1934 Act is recorded, processed, summarized and
reported, within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, including, without limitation, controls and procedures
designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the 1934
Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company&rsquo;s management, including its principal executive officer or officers and
its principal financial officer or officers, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. During the
past two years neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has received any notice or correspondence from any accountant
or other Person relating to any potential material weakness or significant deficiency in any part of the internal controls over
financial reporting of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(cc)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Off Balance Sheet Arrangements</U>. There is no transaction, arrangement, or other relationship between the Company
or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and an unconsolidated or other off balance sheet entity that is required to be disclosed
by the Company in its 1934 Act filings and is not so disclosed or that otherwise could be reasonably likely to have a Material
Adverse Effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(dd)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Investment Company Status</U>. The Company is not, and upon consummation of the sale of the Securities will not
be, an &ldquo;investment company,&rdquo; an affiliate of an &ldquo;investment company,&rdquo; a company controlled by an &ldquo;investment
company&rdquo; or an &ldquo;affiliated person&rdquo; of, or &ldquo;promoter&rdquo; or &ldquo;principal underwriter&rdquo; for,
an &ldquo;investment company&rdquo; as such terms are defined in the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(ee)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Acknowledgement Regarding Buyers&rsquo; Trading Activity</U>. It is understood and acknowledged by the Company
that (i) following the public disclosure of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents, in accordance with the
terms thereof, none of the Buyers have been asked by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to agree, nor has any Buyer
agreed with the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, to desist from effecting any transactions in or with respect to
(including, without limitation, purchasing or selling, long and/or short) any securities of the Company, or &ldquo;derivative&rdquo;
securities based on securities issued by the Company or to hold any of the Securities for any specified term; (ii) any Buyer, and
counterparties in &ldquo;derivative&rdquo; transactions to which any such Buyer is a party, directly or indirectly, presently may
have a &ldquo;short&rdquo; position in the Common Stock which was established prior to such Buyer&rsquo;s knowledge of the transactions
contemplated by the Transaction Documents, and (iii) each Buyer shall not be deemed to have any affiliation with or control over
any arm&rsquo;s length counterparty in any &ldquo;derivative&rdquo; transaction. The Company further understands and acknowledges
that following the public disclosure of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents pursuant to the 8-K Filings
(as defined below) one or more Buyers may engage in hedging and/or trading activities at various times during the period that the
Securities are outstanding, including, without limitation, during the periods that the value and/or number of the Interest Shares
or Conversion Shares, as applicable, deliverable with respect to the Securities are being determined and (b) such hedging and/or
trading activities, if any, can reduce the value of the existing stockholders&rsquo; equity interest in the Company both at and
after the time the hedging and/or trading activities are being conducted. The Company acknowledges that such aforementioned hedging
and/or trading activities do not constitute a breach of this Agreement, the Notes or any other Transaction Document or any of the
documents executed in connection herewith or therewith.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(ff)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Manipulation of Price</U>. Neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has, and, to the knowledge
of the Company, no Person acting on their behalf has, directly or indirectly, (i) taken any action designed to cause or to result
in the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries to facilitate
the sale or resale of any of the Securities, (ii) sold, bid for, purchased, or paid any compensation for soliciting purchases of,
any of the Securities (other than the Placement Agent), or (iii) paid or agreed to pay to any Person any compensation for soliciting
another to purchase any other securities of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(gg)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>U.S. Real Property Holding Corporation</U>. Neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is, or
has ever been, and so long as any of the Securities are held by any of the Buyers, shall become, a U.S. real property holding corporation
within the meaning of Section 897 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Company and each Restricted Subsidiary
shall so certify upon any Buyer&rsquo;s request.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(hh)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Transfer Taxes</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. On such Closing Date, all stock transfer or other
taxes (other than income or similar taxes) which are required to be paid in connection with the issuance, sale and transfer of
the Securities to be sold to each Buyer hereunder will be, or will have been, fully paid or provided for by the Company, and all
laws imposing such taxes will be or will have been complied with.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Bank Holding Company Act</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. Neither the Company nor any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries is subject to the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended (the &ldquo;<B>BHCA</B>&rdquo;) and to regulation by
the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the &ldquo;<B>Federal Reserve</B>&rdquo;). Neither the Company nor any of
its Restricted Subsidiaries or affiliates owns or controls, directly or indirectly, five percent (5%) or more of the outstanding
shares of any class of voting securities or twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the total equity of a bank or any equity that
is subject to the BHCA and to regulation by the Federal Reserve. Neither the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or
affiliates exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of a bank or any entity that is subject to the BHCA
and to regulation by the Federal Reserve.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(jj)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Shell Company Status</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. The Company is not, and since March 23, 2005
has never been, an issuer identified in, or subject to, Rule 144(i) promulgated under the 1933 Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(kk)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Illegal or Unauthorized Payments; Political Contributions</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. Neither
the Company nor any of its Restricted Subsidiaries nor, to the Company's knowledge (after reasonable inquiry of its officers and
directors), any of the officers, directors, employees, agents or other representatives of the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries or any other business entity or enterprise with which the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary is or has been affiliated
or associated, has, directly or indirectly, made or authorized any payment, contribution or gift of money, property, or services,
whether or not in contravention of applicable law, (a) as a kickback or bribe to any Person or (b) to any political organization,
or the holder of or any aspirant to any elective or appointive public office except for personal political contributions not involving
the direct or indirect use of funds of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(ll)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></FONT><U>Money Laundering</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. The Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries are
in compliance with, and have not previously violated, the USA Patriot Act of 2001 and all other applicable U.S. and non-U.S. anti-money
laundering laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, the laws, regulations and Executive Orders and sanctions programs
administered by the U.S. Office of Foreign Assets Control, including, but not limited, to (i) Executive Order 13224 of September
23, 2001 entitled, &quot;Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions With Persons Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support
Terrorism&quot; (66 Fed. Reg. 49079 (2001)); and (ii) any regulations contained in 31 CFR, Subtitle B, Chapter V.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(mm)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Management</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. During the past five year period, to the knowledge of
the Company, no current or former officer or director of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries has been the subject
of:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>a petition under bankruptcy laws or any other insolvency or moratorium law or the appointment by a court of a receiver,
fiscal agent or similar officer for such Person, or any partnership in which such person was a general partner at or within two
years before the filing of such petition or such appointment, or any corporation or business association of which such person was
an executive officer at or within two years before the time of the filing of such petition or such appointment;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>a conviction in a criminal proceeding or a named subject of a pending criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations
that do not relate to driving while intoxicated or driving under the influence);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>any order, judgment or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any court of competent jurisdiction,
permanently or temporarily enjoining any such person from, or otherwise limiting, the following activities:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: black">(1)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT>Acting as a futures commission merchant, introducing broker, commodity trading advisor, commodity pool operator,
floor broker, leverage transaction merchant, any other person regulated by the United States Commodity Futures Trading Commission
or an associated person of any of the foregoing, or as an investment adviser, underwriter, broker or dealer in securities, or as
an affiliated person, director or employee of any investment company, bank, savings and loan association or insurance company,
or engaging in or continuing any conduct or practice in connection with such activity;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: black">(2)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT>Engaging in any type of business practice; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt"><FONT STYLE="color: black">(3)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT>Engaging in any activity in connection with the purchase or sale of any security or commodity or in connection with
any violation of securities laws or commodities laws;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 72.8pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 36.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(iv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>any order, judgment or decree, not subsequently reversed, suspended or vacated, of any authority barring, suspending or
otherwise limiting for more than 60 days the right of any such person to engage in any activity described in the preceding sub
paragraph, or to be associated with persons engaged in any such activity;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(v)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>a finding by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the SEC or other authority to have violated any securities
law, regulation or decree and the judgment in such civil action or finding by the SEC or any other authority has not been subsequently
reversed, suspended or vacated; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(vi)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>a finding by a court of competent jurisdiction in a civil action or by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission to have
violated any federal commodities law, and the judgment in such civil action or finding has not been subsequently reversed, suspended
or vacated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(nn)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>No Additional Agreements</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. The Company does not have any agreement
or understanding with any Buyer with respect to the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents other than as specified
in the Transaction Documents.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(oo)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Public Utility Holding Act</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. None of the Company nor any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries is a &ldquo;holding company,&rdquo; or an &ldquo;affiliate&rdquo; of a &ldquo;holding company,&rdquo; as such terms
are defined in the Public Utility Holding Act of 2005.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(pp)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Federal Power Act</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. None of the Company nor any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries is subject to regulation as a &ldquo;public utility&rdquo; under the Federal Power Act, as amended.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(qq)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Ranking of Notes</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. Except as set forth on Schedule 3(qq), no Indebtedness
of the Company, at such Closing, will be senior to, or <I>pari passu</I> with, the Notes in right of payment, whether with respect
to payment or redemptions, interest, damages, upon liquidation or dissolution or otherwise. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(rr)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Disclosure</U>. The Company confirms that neither it nor any other Person acting on its behalf has provided any
of the Buyers or their agents or counsel with any information that constitutes or could reasonably be expected to constitute material,
non-public information concerning the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, other than the existence of the transactions
contemplated by this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents. The Company understands and confirms that each of the Buyers
will rely on the foregoing representations in effecting transactions in securities of the Company. All disclosure provided to the
Buyers regarding the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries, their businesses and the transactions contemplated hereby, including
the schedules to this Agreement, furnished by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries is true and correct
and does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the
statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. Each press release issued
by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries during the twelve (12) months preceding the date of this Agreement did not
at the time of release contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein
or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.
No event or circumstance has occurred or information exists with respect to the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or
its or their business, properties, liabilities, prospects, operations (including results thereof) or conditions (financial or otherwise),
which, under applicable law, rule or regulation, requires public disclosure at or before the date hereof or announcement by the
Company but which has not been so publicly announced or disclosed. The Company acknowledges and agrees that no Buyer makes or has
made any representations or warranties with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby other than those specifically set forth
in Section 2.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(ss)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Reliance</U>. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the Placement Agent shall be a third party beneficiary
of the representations and warranties contained in this Section 3 and that the Placement Agent shall be entitled to rely on such
representations and warranties as of the Company made such representations and warranties directly to the Placement Agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">4.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>COVENANTS.</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Best Efforts</U>. Each Buyer shall use its best efforts to timely satisfy each of the conditions to be satisfied
by it as provided in Section 6. The Company shall use its best efforts to timely satisfy each of the conditions to be satisfied
by it as provided in Section 7.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Amendments to the Registration Statement; Prospectus Supplements; Free Writing Prospectuses</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Except as provided in this Agreement and other than periodic reports required to be filed pursuant to the 1934 Act, the
Company shall not file with the SEC any amendment to the Registration Statement that relates to the Buyer, this Agreement, the
Indenture, the Notes or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby or file with the SEC any Prospectus Supplement that relates
to the Buyer, this Agreement, the Indenture, the Notes or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby with respect to which
(a) the Buyer shall not previously have been advised, (b) the Company shall not have given due consideration to any comments thereon
received from the Buyer or its counsel, or (c) the Buyer shall reasonably object after being so advised, unless the Company reasonably
has determined that it is necessary to amend the Registration Statement or make any supplement to the Prospectus to comply with
the 1933 Act or any other applicable law or regulation, in which case the Company shall promptly (but in no event later than 24
hours) so inform the Buyer, the Buyer shall be provided with a reasonable opportunity to review and comment upon any disclosure
relating to the Buyer and the Company shall expeditiously furnish to the Buyer an electronic copy thereof. In addition, for so
long as, in the reasonable opinion of counsel for the Buyer, the Prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule
173(a) under the 1933 Act) is required to be delivered in connection with any acquisition or sale of Securities (other than the
Series A Warrant Shares and the Series B Warrant Shares) by the Buyer, the Company shall not file any Prospectus Supplement with
respect to the Securities (other than the Series A Warrant Shares and the Series B Warrant Shares) without delivering or making
available a copy of such Prospectus Supplement, together with the Prospectus, to the Buyer promptly.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Company has not made, and agrees that unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Buyer it will not make, an
offer relating to the Securities that would constitute an &ldquo;issuer free writing prospectus&rdquo; as defined in Rule 433 promulgated
under the Securities Act (an &ldquo;<B>Issuer Free Writing Prospectus</B>&rdquo;) or that would otherwise constitute a &ldquo;free
writing prospectus&rdquo; as defined in Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act (a &ldquo;<B>Free Writing Prospectus</B>&rdquo;)
required to be filed by the Company or the Buyer with the SEC or retained by the Company or the Buyer under Rule 433 under the
1933 Act. The Buyer has not made, and agrees that unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Company it will not make,
an offer relating to the Securities that would constitute a Free Writing Prospectus required to be filed by the Company with the
SEC or retained by the Company under Rule 433 under the 1933 Act. Any such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or other Free Writing
Prospectus consented to by the Buyer or the Company is referred to in this Agreement as a &ldquo;<B>Permitted Free Writing Prospectus</B>.&rdquo;
The Company agrees that (x) it has treated and will treat, as the case may be, each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an Issuer
Free Writing Prospectus and (y) it has complied and will comply, as the case may be, with the requirements of Rules 164 and 433
under the Securities Act applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including in respect of timely filing with the SEC,
legending and record keeping.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Prospectus Delivery</U>. Immediately prior to execution of this Agreement, the Company shall have delivered to the Buyer,
and as soon as practicable after execution of this Agreement the Company shall file, Prospectus Supplements with respect to the
Securities (other than the Series A Warrant Shares and the Series B Warrant Shares) to be issued on the Initial Closing Date,
as required under, and in conformity with, the 1933 Act, including Rule 424(b) thereunder. The Company shall provide the Buyer
a reasonable opportunity to comment on a draft of each Prospectus Supplement and any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, shall give
due consideration to all such comments and, subject to the provisions of Section 4(b) hereof, shall deliver or make available
to the Buyer, without charge, an electronic copy of each form of Prospectus Supplement, together with the Prospectus, and any
Permitted Free Writing Prospectus on each applicable Settlement Date. The Company consents to the use of the Prospectus (and of
any Prospectus Supplements thereto) in accordance with the provisions of the 1933 Act and with the securities or &ldquo;blue sky&rdquo;
laws of the jurisdictions in which the Securities (other than the Series A Warrant Shares and the Series B Warrant Shares) may
be sold by the Buyer, in connection with the offering and sale of the Securities (other than the Series A Warrant Shares and the
Series B Warrant Shares) and for such period of time thereafter as the Prospectus (or in lieu thereof, the notice referred to
in Rule 173(a) under the 1933 Act) is required by the 1933 Act to be delivered in connection with sales of the Securities (other
than the Series A Warrant Shares and the Series B Warrant Shares). If during such period of time any event shall occur that in
the judgment of the Company and its counsel is required to be set forth in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus or any
Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or should be set forth therein in order to make the statements made therein (in the case of
the Prospectus, in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, or if it is necessary to amend the Registration
Statement or supplement or amend the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus to comply with the 1933 Act or any other
applicable law or regulation, the Company shall forthwith prepare and, subject to Section 4(b) above, file with the SEC an appropriate
amendment to the Registration Statement or Prospectus Supplement to the Prospectus (or supplement to the Permitted Free Writing
Prospectus) and shall expeditiously furnish or make available to the Buyer an electronic copy thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Stop Orders</U>. The Company shall advise the Buyer promptly (but in no event later than 24 hours) and shall confirm
such advice in writing: (i) of the Company&rsquo;s receipt of notice of any request by the SEC for amendment of or a supplement
to the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus or for any additional information; (ii) of
the Company&rsquo;s receipt of notice of the issuance by the SEC of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration
Statement or prohibiting or suspending the use of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, or of the suspension of qualification
of the Securities (other than the Series A Warrant Shares and the Series B Warrant Shares) for offering or sale in any jurisdiction,
or the initiation or contemplated initiation of any proceeding for such purpose; (iii) of the Company becoming aware of the happening
of any event, which makes any statement of a material fact made in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted
Free Writing Prospectus untrue or which requires the making of any additions to or changes to the statements then made in the
Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus in order to state a material fact required by
the 1933 Act to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements then made therein (in the case of the Prospectus,
in light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, or of the necessity to amend the Registration Statement
or supplement the Prospectus or any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus to comply with the 1933 Act or any other law or (iv) if
at any time following the date hereof the Registration Statement is not effective or is not otherwise available for the issuance
of the Securities (other than the Series A Warrant Shares and the Series B Warrant Shares) or any Prospectus contained therein
is not available for use for any other reason. Thereafter, the Company shall promptly notify such holders when the Registration
Statement, the Prospectus, any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus and/or any amendment or supplement thereto, as applicable, is
effective and available for the issuance of the Securities (other than the Series A Warrant Shares and the Series B Warrant Shares).
The Company shall not issue any Series B Closing Notice during the continuation of any of the foregoing events. If at any time
the SEC shall issue any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or prohibiting or suspending the
use of the Prospectus or any Prospectus Supplement, the Company shall use commercially reasonable efforts to obtain the withdrawal
of such order at the earliest possible time. So long as any Notes remain outstanding, the Company shall use its best efforts to
maintain the continuous effectiveness of the Registration Statement under the 1933 Act.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Blue Sky</U>. If required, the Company, on or before each Closing Date, shall take such action as the Company shall
reasonably determine is necessary in order to obtain an exemption for, or to qualify the Securities for sale to the Buyer at the
applicable Closing pursuant to this Agreement under applicable securities or &ldquo;Blue Sky&rdquo; laws of the states of the
United States (or to obtain an exemption from such qualification), and shall provide evidence of any such action so taken to the
Buyer on or prior to the applicable Closing Date. Without limiting any other obligation of the Company under this Agreement, the
Company shall timely make all filings and reports relating to the offer and sale of the Securities required under all applicable
securities laws (including, without limitation, all applicable federal securities laws and all applicable &ldquo;Blue Sky&rdquo;
laws), and the Company shall comply with all applicable federal, state and local laws, statutes, rules, regulations and the like
relating to the offering and sale of the Securities to the Buyer.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Reporting Status</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. During the period (the &ldquo;<B>Reporting Period</B>&rdquo;)
commencing on the Series A Closing Date and ending on the date on which the Buyer shall have sold all of the Securities or any
capital stock of the Company issued or issuable with respect to the Conversion Shares or the Notes, including, without limitation,
(1) as a result of any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, exchange or similar event or otherwise and (2) shares of
capital stock of the Company into which the shares of Common Stock are converted, exercised or exchanged and shares of capital
stock of a Successor Entity (as defined in the Notes) into which the shares of Common Stock are converted, exercised or exchanged
(in each case, without regard to any limitations on conversion of (or other issuance pursuant to) the Notes or the Warrants) or
otherwise issuable pursuant to the terms of the Notes or the Warrants (collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Covered Securities</B>&rdquo;),
the Company shall timely file all reports required to be filed with the SEC pursuant to the 1934 Act, and the Company shall not
terminate its status as an issuer required to file reports under the 1934 Act even if the 1934 Act or the rules and regulations
thereunder would no longer require or otherwise permit such termination..</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Use of Proceeds</U>. The Company will use the proceeds from the sale of the Securities for general corporate purposes,
but not for the (x) except as set forth on <U>Schedule 4(g) </U>attached hereto, the repayment of any outstanding Indebtedness
(other than in respect of the Notes) of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (y) redemption or repurchase of any securities
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (z) the settlement of any outstanding litigation.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Financial Information</U>. The Company agrees to send the following to each holder of Notes (an &ldquo;<B>Investor</B>&rdquo;)
during the Reporting Period (i) unless the following are filed with the SEC through EDGAR and are available to the public through
the EDGAR system, within one (1) Business Day after the filing thereof with the SEC, a copy of its Annual Reports on Form 10-K
and Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, any interim reports or any consolidated balance sheets, income statements, stockholders&rsquo;
equity statements and/or cash flow statements for any period other than annual, any Current Reports on Form 8-K and any registration
statements (other than on Form S-8) or amendments filed pursuant to the 1933 Act, (ii) on the same day as the release thereof,
facsimile copies of all press releases issued by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and (iii) copies of any notices and other
information made available or given to the stockholders of the Company generally, contemporaneously with the making available or
giving thereof to the stockholders.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Listing</U>. The Company shall promptly secure the listing or designation for quotation (as the case may be) of
all of the Covered Securities upon each national securities exchange and automated quotation system, if any, upon which the Common
Stock is then listed or designated for quotation (as the case may be) (subject to official notice of issuance) and shall maintain
such listing or designation for quotation (as the case may be) of all Covered Securities from time to time issuable under the terms
of the Transaction Documents on a national securities exchange or automated quotation system. The Company shall maintain the Common
Stock&rsquo;s listing or designation for quotation (as the case may be) on one of the Principal Market, The New York Stock Exchange,
the NYSE MKT, the Nasdaq Global Market or the Nasdaq Global Select Market (each, an &ldquo;<B>Eligible Market</B>&rdquo;). Neither
the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall take any action which could be reasonably expected to result in the delisting or
suspension of the Common Stock on an Eligible Market. The Company shall pay all fees and expenses in connection with satisfying
its obligations under this Section 4(i).</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(j)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Fees</U>. The Company shall reimburse Capital Ventures International (&ldquo;<B>CVI</B>&rdquo;) for all reasonable
costs and expenses incurred by it or its affiliates in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents
(including, without limitation, as applicable, all reasonable legal fees and disbursements of Greenberg Traurig, LLP, any other
reasonable fees and expenses in connection with the structuring, documentation and implementation of the transactions contemplated
by the Transaction Documents and due diligence and regulatory filings in connection therewith) (the &ldquo;<B>Expense Amount</B>&rdquo;)
and shall be withheld by CVI from its Purchase Price at any Closing or paid by the Company upon termination of this Agreement on
demand by Capital Ventures and/or Greenberg Traurig, LLP so long as such termination did not occur as a result of a material breach
by CVI of any of its obligations hereunder (as the case may be), less $20,000 which was previously advanced to CVI by the Company.
Subject to the limitation set forth in the immediately preceding sentence, if the amount so withheld at any Closing by CVI was
less than the Expense Amount actually incurred by CVI and/or Greenberg Traurig, LLP, as applicable, in connection with the transactions
contemplated by the Transaction Documents and entitled to reimbursement from the Company in accordance herewith or any other Transaction
Document, the Company shall promptly reimburse CVI and/or Greenberg Traurig, LLP, as applicable, on demand for such Expense Amount
not so reimbursed by the Company on the date hereof or through such withholding at a Closing. The Company shall be responsible
for the payment of any placement agent&rsquo;s fees, financial advisory fees, transfer agent fees, the fees and expenses of the
Trustee (including any legal counsel to the Trustee), DTC (as defined below) fees or broker&rsquo;s commissions (other than for
Persons engaged by any Buyer) relating to or arising out of the transactions contemplated hereby (including, without limitation,
any fees payable to the Placement Agent, who is the Company&rsquo;s sole placement agent in connection with the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement). The Company shall pay, and hold each Buyer harmless against, any liability, loss or expense (including, without
limitation, reasonable attorneys&rsquo; fees and out-of-pocket expenses) arising in connection with any claim relating to any such
payment. Except as otherwise set forth in the Transaction Documents, each party to this Agreement shall bear its own expenses in
connection with the sale of the Securities to each Buyer.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(k)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Pledge of Securities</U>. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Company acknowledges
and agrees that the Securities may be pledged by a Buyer in connection with a bona fide margin agreement or other loan or financing
arrangement that is secured by the Securities. The pledge of Securities shall not be deemed to be a transfer, sale or assignment
of the Securities hereunder, and no Buyer effecting a pledge of Securities shall be required to provide the Company with any notice
thereof or otherwise make any delivery to the Company pursuant to this Agreement or any other Transaction Document. The Company
hereby agrees to execute and deliver such documentation as a pledgee of the Securities may reasonably request in connection with
a pledge of the Securities to such pledgee by a Buyer.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(l)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Disclosure of Transactions and Other Material Information</U>. file a Current Report on Form 8-K describing all
the material terms of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents in the form required by the 1934 Act and attaching
all the material Transaction Documents (including, without limitation, this Agreement (and all schedules to this Agreement), the
Indenture, the forms of Supplemental Indentures, the forms of the Warrants and the forms of the Notes) (including all attachments,
the &ldquo;<B>Series A 8-K Filing</B>&rdquo;).From and after the filing of the Series A 8-K Filing (but prior to the delivery of
a Ser, the Company shall have disclosed all material, non-public information (if any) provided to any of the Buyers by the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, employees or agents in connection with the transactions
contemplated by the Transaction Documents. file a Current Report on Form 8-Kthe &ldquo;<B>Series B 8-K Filing</B>&rdquo;, and together
with the Series A 8-K Filing, the &ldquo;<B>8-K Filings</B>&rdquo;) reasonably acceptable to and attaching such Series B Closing
Notice and all material Transaction Documents with respect to such Series B Closing (to the extent not previously included in a
filing with the SEC)From and after the filing of Series B 8-K Filing, the Company shall have disclosed all material, non-public
information (if any) provided to by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of their respective officers, directors, employees
or agents in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents. Except with respect to the delivery of
the Series B Closing Notice in accordance with Section 1(b)(ii), the Company shall not, and the Company shall cause each of its
Subsidiaries and each of its and their respective officers, directors, employees and agents not to, provide any Buyer with any
material, non-public information regarding the Company or any of its Subsidiaries from and after the Series A 8-K Filing without
the express prior written consent of such Buyer. The Company understands and confirms that each Buyer shall be relying on the foregoing
covenant and agreement in effecting transactions in securities of the Company, and based on such covenant and agreement, unless
otherwise expressly agreed in writing by such Buyer: (i) such Buyer does not have any obligation of confidentiality with respect
to any information that the Company provides to such Buyer; and (ii) such Buyer shall not be deemed to be in breach of any duty
to the Company and/or to have misappropriated any non-public information of the Company, if such Buyer engages in transactions
of securities of the Company, including, without limitation, any hedging transactions, short sales and/or any derivative transactions
based on securities of the Company while in possession of such material non-public information. In the event of a breach of any
of the foregoing covenants or any of the covenants or agreements contained in the Transaction Documents by the Company, any of
its Subsidiaries, or any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees and agents (as determined in the reasonable
good faith judgment of such Buyer), in addition to any other remedy provided herein or in the Transaction Documents, such Buyer
shall have the right to make a public disclosure, in the form of a press release, public advertisement or otherwise, of such breach
or such material, non-public information, as applicable, without the prior approval by the Company, any of its Subsidiaries, or
any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees or agents. No Buyer shall have any liability to the Company, any
of its Subsidiaries, or any of its or their respective officers, directors, employees, stockholders or agents, for any such disclosure.
Subject to the foregoing, neither the Company, its Subsidiaries nor any Buyer shall issue any press releases or any other public
statements with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby; provided, however, the Company shall be entitled, without the
prior approval of any Buyer, to make any press release or other public disclosure with respect to such transactions (i) in substantial
conformity with the 8-K Filings and contemporaneously therewith and (ii) as is required by applicable law and regulations (provided
that in the case of clause (i) each Buyer shall be consulted by the Company in connection with any such press release or other
public disclosure prior to its release). Without the prior written consent of the applicable Buyer, the Company shall not (and
shall cause each of its Subsidiaries and affiliates to not) disclose the name of such Buyer in any filing, announcement, release
or otherwise.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(m)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Additional Registration Statements</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. Until the four month anniversary
of the Series A Closing Date (the &ldquo;<B>Applicable Date</B>&rdquo;), the Company shall not file a registration statement under
the 1933 Act relating to securities that are not the Securities (other than any registration statement on Form S-8 or any successor
form thereto or a resale registration statement on Form S-3 registering any Excluded Securities (as defined in the Warrants) or
the Senior Unsecured Notes Registration Statement).</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(n)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Additional Issuance of Securities</U>. During the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the later
of (x) the date no Notes remain outstanding and (y) the Series B Closing Expiration Date, the Company will not, without the prior
written consent of Buyers holding a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Notes then outstanding, issue any Notes (other
than to the Buyers as contemplated hereby) and the Company shall not issue any other securities that would cause a breach or default
under the Notes. The Company agrees that for the period commencing on the date hereof and ending on the date immediately following
the Applicable Date (the &ldquo;<B>Restricted</B> <B>Period</B>&rdquo;), neither the Company nor any of its Subsidiaries shall
directly or indirectly issue, offer, sell, grant any option or right to purchase, or otherwise dispose of (or announce any issuance,
offer, sale, grant of any option or right to purchase or other disposition of) any equity security or any equity-linked or related
security (including, without limitation, any &ldquo;equity security&rdquo; (as that term is defined under Rule 405 promulgated
under the 1933 Act), any Convertible Securities (as defined below), any debt, any preferred stock or any purchase rights) (any
such issuance, offer, sale, grant, disposition or announcement (whether occurring during the Restricted Period or at any time thereafter)
is referred to as a &ldquo;<B>Subsequent Placement</B>&rdquo;). Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Section 4(n) shall not apply
in respect of any Excluded Securities.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(o)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Reservation of Shares</U>. During the period commencing on the Series A Closing Date and ending on the later of
(x) the date no Notes remain outstanding and (y) the Series B Closing Expiration Date, the Company shall take all actions reasonably
necessary (including, without limitation increasing any such reserve, as necessary, prior to the consummation of any Subsequent
Placement (as defined below) to at all times have authorized, and reserved for the purpose of issuance, no less than (x) if prior
to the Stockholder Approval Date, (i) 30,000,000 shares of Common Stock issuable as Conversion Shares or Interest Shares or (ii)
if on or after the Stockholder Approval Date, the sum of (i) 125% of the maximum number of Conversion Shares issuable upon conversion
of the Notes (determined without taking into account any limitations on the conversion of the Notes set forth therein and assuming
that the Notes are convertible at the Series A Conversion Price (as defined in the Series A Notes) or the Series B Conversion Price
(as defined in the Series A Notes), as applicable, and all Series B Notes issuable hereunder have been issued), (ii) 125% of the
maximum number of Interest Shares issuable pursuant to the terms of the Notes from the Series A Closing Date through the maturity
date of the Series B Notes (determined without taking into account any limitations on the conversion of the Notes set forth therein
and assuming that all Series B Notes issuable hereunder have been issued) and (iii) the maximum number of Warrant Shares issuable
upon exercise of the Warrants (without taking into account any limitations on the exercise of the Warrants set forth therein).</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(p)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Conduct of Business</U>. The business of the Company and its Subsidiaries shall not be conducted in violation
of any law, ordinance or regulation of any Governmental Entity, except where such violations would not result, either individually
or in the aggregate, in a Material Adverse Effect.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(q)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Variable Securities</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. During the period commencing on the date hereof
and ending on the later of (x) the date less than $1 million in aggregate principal amount of Notes remain outstanding and (y)
the Series B Closing Expiration Date, the Company and each Subsidiary shall be prohibited from effecting or entering into an agreement
to effect any Subsequent Placement involving a Variable Rate Transaction. &ldquo;<B>Variable Rate Transaction</B>&rdquo; means
a transaction in which the Company or any Subsidiary (i) issues or sells any Convertible Securities either (A) at a conversion,
exercise or exchange rate or other price that is based upon and/or varies with the trading prices of or quotations for the shares
of Common Stock at any time after the initial issuance of such Convertible Securities, or (B) with a conversion, exercise or exchange
price that is subject to being reset at some future date after the initial issuance of such Convertible Securities or upon the
occurrence of specified or contingent events directly or indirectly related to the business of the Company or the market for the
Common Stock, other than pursuant to a customary &ldquo;weighted average&rdquo; anti-dilution provision or (ii) enters into any
agreement (including, without limitation, an equity line of credit) whereby the Company or any Subsidiary may sell securities at
a future determined price (other than standard and customary &ldquo;preemptive&rdquo; or &ldquo;participation&rdquo; rights). Each
Buyer shall be entitled to obtain injunctive relief against the Company and its Subsidiaries to preclude any such issuance, which
remedy shall be in addition to any right to collect damages</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(r)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Qualification Under Trust Indenture Act</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. Prior to any issuance of
Notes hereunder, the Company shall qualify the Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the &ldquo;<B>TIA</B>&rdquo;)
and enter into any necessary supplemental indentures in connection therewith and, so long as the Notes remain outstanding, the
Indenture shall be maintained in compliance with the TIA.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(s)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Stockholder Approval</U>. The Company shall provide each stockholder entitled to vote at either (x) the next annual
meeting of stockholders of the Company or (y) a special meeting of stockholders of the Company (the &ldquo;<B>Stockholder Meeting</B>&rdquo;),
which shall be promptly called and held not later than June 26, 2013 (the &ldquo;<B>Stockholder Meeting Deadline</B>&rdquo;), a
proxy statement, substantially in a form which shall have been previously reviewed by Greenberg Traurig LLP, at the expense of
the Company but in any event such expense not to exceed $10,000 without the prior written approval of the Company; soliciting each
such stockholder's affirmative vote at the Stockholder Meeting for approval of resolutions (&ldquo;<B>Stockholder Resolutions</B>&rdquo;)
providing for the Company's (x) issuance of all of the Securities as described in the Transaction Documents in accordance with
applicable law and the rules and regulations of the Principal Market and (y) unless approved by the stockholders of the Company
prior to such date, a reverse stock split of the Common Stock of the Company of at least one (1) share of Common Stock for every
five (5) shares of Common Stock (such affirmative approval being referred to herein as the &ldquo;<B>Stockholder Approval</B>&rdquo;,
and the date such Stockholder Approval is obtained, the &ldquo;<B>Stockholder Approval Date</B>&rdquo;), and the Company shall
use its reasonable best efforts to solicit its stockholders' approval of such resolutions and to cause the Board of Directors of
the Company to recommend to the stockholders that they approve such resolutions. The Company shall be obligated to seek to obtain
the Stockholder Approval by the Stockholder Meeting Deadline. If, despite the Company's reasonable best efforts the Stockholder
Approval is not obtained on or prior to the Stockholder Meeting Deadline, the Company shall cause an additional Stockholder Meeting
to be held once in each of the three subsequent calendar quarters thereafter until such Stockholder Approval is obtained. If, despite
the Company's reasonable best efforts the Stockholder Approval is not obtained after such subsequent stockholder meetings, the
Company shall cause an additional Stockholder Meeting to be held semi-annually thereafter until such Stockholder Approval is obtained.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(t)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Dilutive Issuances</U>. For so long as any Notes or Warrants remain outstanding, the Company shall not, in any
manner, enter into or affect any Dilutive Issuance (as defined in the Notes) if the effect of such Dilutive Issuance is to cause
the Company to be required to issue upon conversion of any Notes or exercise of any Warrant any shares of Common Stock in excess
of that number of shares of Common Stock which the Company may issue upon conversion of the Notes and exercise of the Warrants
without breaching the Company's obligations under the rules or regulations of the Principal Market.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(u)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Passive Foreign Investment Company</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. The Company shall conduct its
business in such a manner as will ensure that the Company will not be deemed to constitute a passive foreign investment company
within the meaning of Section 1297 of the Code.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(v)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Restriction on Redemption and Cash Dividends</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">.&#9;During the period
commencing on the date hereof and ending on the later of (x) the date no Notes remain outstanding and (y) the Series B Closing
Expiration Date, the Company shall not, directly or indirectly, redeem, or pay any cash dividend or distribution on, any capital
stock of the Company without the prior express written consent of the Buyers (other than Permitted Distributions (as defined in
the Notes)).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(w)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Corporate Existence</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. So long as any Buyer owns any Notes or Warrants,
the Company shall not be party to any Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the Notes) unless the Company is in compliance with
the applicable provisions governing Fundamental Transactions set forth in the Notes and the Warrants.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 38.9pt">(x)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Conversion and Exercise Procedures</U>. Each of the form of Exercise Notice included in the Warrants and the form of
Conversion Notice included in the Notes set forth the totality of the procedures required of the Buyers in order to exercise the
Warrants or convert the Notes. No additional legal opinion, other information or instructions shall be required of the Buyers to
exercise their Warrants or convert their Notes. The Company shall honor exercises of the Warrants and conversions of the Notes
and shall deliver the Conversion Shares, Interest Shares and Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms, conditions and time periods
set forth in the Notes and Warrants.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 38.9pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(y)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>New PE Holdco Equity</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. During the period commencing on the date hereof
and ending on the later of (x) the date no Notes remain outstanding and (y) the Series B Closing Expiration Date, the Company shall
not acquire any additional securities or membership interest units of New PE Holdco LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (&ldquo;<B>New
PE Holdco</B>&rdquo;), in one or more transactions, except as otherwise contemplated in the Notes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(z)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Senior Unsecured Note Restrictions</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. Until the Stockholder Approval
Date, the Company shall not pay any dividends or other amounts due and payable or issuable under the Senior Unsecured Notes (as
defined in the Notes) or any Options or Convertible Securities issued to the holders of Senior Unsecured Notes in shares of Common
Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(aa)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Closing Documents</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. On or prior to fourteen (14) calendar days after
each Closing Date, the Company agrees to deliver, or cause to be delivered, to each Buyer and Greenberg Traurig, LLP executed copies
of the Transaction Documents, Securities and other document required to be delivered to any party pursuant to Section 7 hereof.
</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">5.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>REGISTER; TRANSFER AGENT INSTRUCTIONS; LEGEND.</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Register</U>. The Company shall maintain at its principal executive offices (or such other office or agency of
the Company as it may designate by notice to each holder of Securities), a register for the Notes and the Warrants in which the
Company shall record the name and address of the Person in whose name the Notes and<B> </B>the Warrants have been issued (including
the name and address of each transferee), the principal amount of the Notes held by such Person, the number of Conversion Shares
issuable upon conversion of the Notes, the number of Interest Shares issuable with respect to the Notes and the number of Warrant
Shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrants held by such Person. The Company shall keep the register open and available at all
times during business hours for inspection of any Buyer or its legal representatives.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Transfer Agent Instructions</U>. The Company shall issue irrevocable instructions to the Transfer Agent in the
form previously provided to the Company (the &ldquo;<B>Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions</B>&rdquo;) to issue certificates
or credit shares to the applicable balance accounts at DTC, registered in the name of each Buyer or its respective nominee(s),
for the Conversion Shares, the Interest Shares and the Warrant Shares in such amounts as specified from time to time by each Buyer
to the Company upon conversion of the Notes or other issuance pursuant to the terms of the Notes or the exercise of the Warrants
(as the case may be). The Company represents and warrants that no instruction other than the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions
referred to in this Section 5(b) will be given by the Company to the Transfer Agent with respect to the Shares, and that the Shares
shall otherwise be freely transferable on the books and records of the Company. If a Buyer effects a sale, assignment or transfer
of the Securities, the Company shall permit the transfer and, with respect to the Shares, shall also promptly instruct the Transfer
Agent to issue one or more certificates or credit shares to the applicable balance accounts at DTC in such name and in such denominations
as specified by such Buyer to effect such sale, transfer or assignment. The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations
hereunder will cause irreparable harm to each Buyer. Accordingly, the Company acknowledges that the remedy at law for a breach
of its obligations under this Section 5(b) will be inadequate and agrees, in the event of a breach or threatened breach by the
Company of the provisions of this Section 5(b), that each Buyer shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies,
to an order and/or injunction restraining any breach and requiring immediate issuance and transfer, without the necessity of showing
economic loss and without any bond or other security being required. The Company shall cause its counsel to issue the legal opinion
referred to in the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions to the Transfer Agent to the extent required or requested by the Transfer
Agent. Any fees (with respect to the Transfer Agent, counsel to the Company or otherwise) associated with the issuance of such
opinion shall be borne by the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Legends</U>. Certificates and any other instruments evidencing the Securities shall not bear any restrictive or
other legend.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">6.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>CONDITIONS TO THE COMPANY&rsquo;S OBLIGATION TO SELL.</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The obligation of the Company hereunder to issue and sell the Series A Notes and the related Series A Warrants<B> </B>and
Series B Warrants<B> </B>to each Buyer at the Series A Closing is subject to the satisfaction, at or before the Series A Closing
Date, of each of the following conditions, provided that these conditions are for the Company&rsquo;s sole benefit and may be waived
by the Company at any time in its sole discretion by providing each Buyer with prior written notice thereof:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Such Buyer shall have executed each of the other Transaction Documents to which it is a party and delivered the same to
the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Such Buyer and each other Buyer shall have delivered to the Company the Series A Purchase Price (less any amounts permitted
to be withheld by such Buyer pursuant to Section 4(j)) for the Series A Note and the related Series A Warrants and Series B Warrants
being purchased by such Buyer at such Series A Closing by wire transfer of immediately available funds pursuant to the wire instructions
provided by the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The representations and warranties of such Buyer shall be true and correct in all material respects as of the date when
made and as of the Series A Closing Date as though originally made at that time (except for representations and warranties that
speak as of a specific date, which shall be true and correct as of such specific date), and such Buyer shall have performed, satisfied
and complied in all material respects with the covenants, agreements and conditions required by this Agreement to be performed,
satisfied or complied with by such Buyer at or prior to the Series A Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The obligation of the Company hereunder to issue and sell the Series B Notes to <FONT STYLE="color: black">each Buyer </FONT>at
the Series B Closing is subject to the satisfaction, at or before the Series B Closing Date, of each of the following conditions,
provided that these conditions are for the Company&rsquo;s sole benefit and may be waived by the Company at any time in its sole
discretion by providing <FONT STYLE="color: black">each Buyer </FONT>with prior written notice thereof:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: black">Such Buyer </FONT>shall have executed each of the other Transaction Documents to which it is
a party and delivered the same to the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: black">Such Buyer </FONT>shall have delivered to the Company the Series B Purchase Price (less any amounts
permitted to be withheld by such Buyer pursuant to Section 4(j)) for the Series B Note being purchased by <FONT STYLE="color: black">such
Buyer </FONT>at such Series B Closing by wire transfer of immediately available funds pursuant to the wire instructions provided
by the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The representations and warranties of <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer </FONT>shall be true and correct in all material
respects as of the date when made and as of the Series B Closing Date as though originally made at that time (except for representations
and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be true and correct as of such specific date), and <FONT STYLE="color: black">such
Buyer </FONT>shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with the covenants, agreements and conditions
required by this Agreement to be performed, satisfied or complied with by <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer </FONT>at or prior
to the Series B Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(iv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Stockholder Approval has been obtained.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">7.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>CONDITIONS TO EACH BUYER&rsquo;S OBLIGATION TO PURCHASE. </B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The obligation of each Buyer hereunder to purchase its Series A Note and its related Series A Warrants<B> </B>and Series
B Warrants<B> </B>at the Series A Closing is subject to the satisfaction, at or before the Series A Closing Date, of each of the
following conditions, provided that these conditions are for each Buyer&rsquo;s sole benefit and may be waived by such Buyer at
any time in its sole discretion by providing the Company with prior written notice thereof:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The
Company shall have duly executed and delivered to such Buyer each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the
Company shall have duly executed and delivered to such Buyer a Series A Note (in such original principal amount as is set forth
across from such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column (3) of the Schedule of Buyers) and the related (x) Series A Warrants (initially
for such aggregate number of shares of Series A Warrant Shares as is set forth across from such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column (5)
of the Schedule of Buyers) being purchased by such Buyer at such Series A Closing pursuant to this Agreement and (y) and the related
Series B Warrants initially for such aggregate number of shares of Series B Warrant Shares as is set forth across from such Buyer&rsquo;s
name in column (6) of the Schedule of Buyers) being purchased by <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer </FONT>at such Series A
Closing pursuant to this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>Such
Buyer shall have received the opinion of Troutman Sanders LLP, the Company&rsquo;s counsel, dated as of the Series A Closing
Date, in the form acceptable to such Buyer (which opinion may be addressed to all of the Buyers and the Placement Agent).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Trustee shall have duly executed and delivered to the Company and such Buyer the Indenture and the Series A Supplemental
Indenture. The Indenture and the Series A Supplemental Indenture shall be qualified under the TIA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(iv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Company shall have duly executed and delivered to such Buyer the FCPA questionnaire, in the form acceptable to such
Buyer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(v)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>The
Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a copy of the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions, in the form acceptable to
such Buyer, which instructions shall have been delivered to and acknowledged in writing by the Company&rsquo;s transfer
agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(vi)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a certificate evidencing the formation and good standing of the Company and
each of its Subsidiaries in each such entity&rsquo;s jurisdiction of formation issued by the Secretary of State (or comparable
office) of such jurisdiction of formation as of a date within ten (10) days of the Series A Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(vii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a certificate evidencing the Company&rsquo;s and each
Subsidiary&rsquo;s qualification as a foreign corporation and good standing issued by the Secretary of State (or comparable
office) of each jurisdiction in which the Company and each Subsidiary conducts business and is required to so qualify, as of
a date within ten (10) days of the Series A Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(viii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a certified copy of the Certificate of Incorporation
as certified by the Delaware Secretary of State within ten (10) days of the Series A Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(ix)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>Each Subsidiary shall have delivered to such Buyer a certified copy of its certificate of
incorporation as certified by the Secretary of State (or comparable office) of such Subsidiary&rsquo;s jurisdiction of
incorporation within thirty (30) days of the Series A Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(x)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a certificate, in the form acceptable to such Buyer,
executed by the Secretary of the Company and dated as of the Series A Closing Date, as to (i) the resolutions consistent with
Section 3(b) as adopted by the Company&rsquo;s Board of Directors in a form reasonably acceptable to such Buyer, (ii) the
Certificate of Incorporation of the Company and (iii) the Bylaws of the Company, each as in effect at the Series A
Closing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xi)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>Each and every representation and warranty of the Company shall be true and correct in all
material respects (other than representations and warranties that are already qualified by materiality or Material Adverse
Effect which shall be true and correct in all respects) as of the date when made and as of the Series A Closing Date as
though originally made at that time (except for representations and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall
be true and correct as of such specific date) and the Company shall have performed, satisfied and complied in all material
respects with the covenants, agreements and conditions required to be performed, satisfied or complied with by the Company at
or prior to the Series A Closing Date. Such Buyer shall have received a certificate, duly executed by the Chief Executive
Officer of the Company, dated as of such Series A Closing Date, certifying that that Company has performed, satisfied and
complied in all material respects with the covenants, agreements and conditions required to be performed, satisfied or
complied with by the Company at or prior to the Series A Closing Date and as to such other matters as may be reasonably
requested by such Buyer in the form acceptable to such Buyer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp; </FONT>The Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a letter from the Company&rsquo;s transfer agent certifying the
number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on the date immediately prior to the Series A Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xiii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>The Common Stock (I) shall be designated for quotation or listed (as applicable) on an Eligible Market
and (II) shall not have been suspended, as of the Series A Closing Date, by the SEC or the Eligible Market from trading on
the Eligible Market nor shall suspension by the SEC or the Principal Market have been threatened, as of the Series A Closing
Date (other than a failure of the Company to meet the minimum bid price requirement as required by the Principal Market),
either (A) in writing by the SEC or the Principal Market or (B) by falling below the minimum maintenance requirements of the
Principal Market.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xiv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Company shall have obtained all governmental, regulatory or third party consents and approvals,
if any, necessary for the sale of the Securities, including without limitation, those required by the Principal Market, if
any.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>No statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree, ruling or injunction shall have been
enacted, entered, promulgated or endorsed by any Governmental Entity of competent jurisdiction that prohibits the
consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xvi)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
 &nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT>Since the date of execution of this Agreement, no event or series of events shall have occurred
that have or would reasonably be expected to result in a Material Adverse Effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xvii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Company shall have obtained approval of the Principal Market to list or designate for
quotation (as the case may be) the Series A Conversion Shares and Interest Shares issuable pursuant to the Series A
Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xviii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;</FONT>&nbsp;Such Buyer shall have received a letter on the letterhead of the Company, duly executed by an officer of the
Company, setting forth the wire instructions of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xix)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>From the date hereof to the Series A Closing Date, (i) trading in the Common Stock shall not have been
suspended by the SEC or the Principal Market (except for any suspension of trading of limited duration agreed to by the
Company, which suspension shall be terminated prior to the Series A Closing), and, (ii) at any time prior to the Series A
Closing Date, trading in securities generally as reported by Bloomberg L.P. shall not have been suspended or limited, or
minimum prices shall not have been established on securities whose trades are reported by such service, or on the Principal
Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either by the United States or New York State authorities nor shall
there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities or other national or international calamity of such
magnitude in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial market which, in each case, in the reasonable
judgment of each Buyer, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Securities at the Series A Closing</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xx)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Registration Statement shall be effective and available for the issuance and sale of the
Securities to be issued at the Series A Closing hereunder and pursuant to the terms of the Series A Notes and the Company
shall have delivered to such Buyer the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement as required thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xxi)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The holders of the Senior Unsecured Notes shall have duly executed and delivered the
amendments to the Senior Unsecured Notes and related agreements, in the form attached hereto as <B><U>Exhibit C-1</U></B>
(collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Senior Unsecured Notes Amendment</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xxii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>That certain promissory note issued by the Company to Neil Koehler with an $750,000
aggregate principal amount shall have been amended to extend the maturity date thereof to March 31, 2014, in form and
substance reasonably satisfactory to the Buyers (such amendment, the &ldquo;<B>Koehler Amendment</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xxiii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Company and its Subsidiaries shall have delivered to such Buyer such other documents
relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement as such Buyer or its counsel may reasonably request.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The obligation of <FONT STYLE="color: black">each Buyer </FONT>hereunder to purchase its Series B Note at the Series B Closing
is subject to the satisfaction, at or before the Series B Closing Date, of each of the following conditions, provided that these
conditions are for <FONT STYLE="color: black">each Buyer&rsquo;s</FONT> sole benefit and may be waived by <FONT STYLE="color: black">such
Buyer </FONT>at any time in its sole discretion by providing the Company with prior written notice thereof:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Company and each Subsidiary (as the case may be) shall have duly executed and
delivered to <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer </FONT>each of the Transaction Documents to which it is a party and the
Company shall have duly executed and delivered to <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer </FONT>a Series B Note (in such
original principal amount as is set forth across from such Buyer&rsquo;s name in column (4) of the Schedule of Buyers) being
purchased by <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer </FONT>at such Series B Closing pursuant to this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>Such Buyer shall have received the opinion of Troutman Sanders LLP, the Company&rsquo;s counsel,
dated as of the Series B Closing Date, in the form acceptable to such Buyer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Trustee shall have duly executed and delivered to the Company and such Buyer the Series B
Supplemental Indenture. The Indenture and the Series B Supplemental Indenture shall be qualified under the TIA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(iv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Company shall have delivered to <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer </FONT>a copy
of the Irrevocable Transfer Agent Instructions, in the form acceptable to <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer</FONT>, which
instructions shall have been delivered to and acknowledged in writing by the Company&rsquo;s transfer agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(v)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a certificate evidencing the formation and good standing of the Company and
each of its Subsidiaries in each such entity&rsquo;s jurisdiction of formation issued by the Secretary of State (or comparable
office) of such jurisdiction of formation as of a date within ten (10) days of the Series B Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(vi)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a certificate evidencing the Company&rsquo;s and each Subsidiary&rsquo;s
qualification as a foreign corporation and good standing issued by the Secretary of State (or comparable office) of each jurisdiction
in which the Company and each Subsidiary conducts business and is required to so qualify, as of a date within ten (10) days of
the Series B Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(vii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The
Company shall have delivered to such Buyer a certified copy of the Certificate of Incorporation as certified by the Delaware Secretary
of State within ten (10) days of the Series B Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(viii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>Each Subsidiary shall have delivered to such Buyer a certified copy of its certificate of incorporation as certified by
the Secretary of State (or comparable office) of such Subsidiary&rsquo;s jurisdiction of incorporation within ten (10) days of
the Series B Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(ix)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The
Company shall have delivered to <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer </FONT>a certificate, in the form acceptable to <FONT STYLE="color: black">such
Buyer</FONT>, executed by the Secretary of the Company and dated as of such Series B Closing Date, as to (i) the resolutions consistent
with Section 3(b) as adopted by the Company&rsquo;s Board of Directors in a form reasonably acceptable to <FONT STYLE="color: black">such
Buyer</FONT>, (ii) the Certificate of Incorporation of the Company and (iii) the Bylaws of the Company, each as in effect at such
Series A Closing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(x)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>Each
and every representation and warranty of the Company shall be true and correct in all material respects (other than representations
and warranties that are already qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect which shall be true and correct in all respects)
as of the date when made and as of the Series B Closing Date as though originally made at that time (except for representations
and warranties that speak as of a specific date, which shall be true and correct as of such specific date) and the Company shall
have performed, satisfied and complied in all material respects with the covenants, agreements and conditions required to be performed,
satisfied or complied with by the Company at or prior to the Series B Closing Date. <FONT STYLE="color: black">Such Buyer </FONT>shall
have received a certificate, duly executed by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, dated as of the Series B Closing Date,
to the foregoing effect and as to such other matters as may be reasonably requested by <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer </FONT>in
the form acceptable to <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer</FONT>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xi)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The
Company shall have delivered to <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer </FONT>a letter from the Company&rsquo;s transfer agent
certifying the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on the date immediately prior to the Series B Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The
Common Stock (I) shall be designated for quotation or listed (as applicable) on the Principal Market and (II) shall not have been
suspended, as of the Series B Closing Date, by the SEC or the Principal Market from trading on the Principal Market nor shall
suspension by the SEC or the Principal Market have been threatened, as of the Series B Closing Date, either (A) in writing by
the SEC or the Principal Market or (B) by falling below the minimum maintenance requirements of the Principal Market.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xiii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The
Company shall have obtained all governmental, regulatory or third party consents and approvals, if any, necessary for the sale
of the Securities, including without limitation, those required by the Principal Market.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xiv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>No
statute, rule, regulation, executive order, decree, ruling or injunction shall have been enacted, entered, promulgated or endorsed
by any Governmental Entity of competent jurisdiction that prohibits the consummation of any of the transactions contemplated by
the Transaction Documents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>Since
the date of execution of this Agreement, no event or series of events shall have occurred that reasonably would have or result
in a Material Adverse Effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xvi)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Company shall have obtained approval of the Principal Market to list or designate for quotation (as the case may be)
the Covered Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xvii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: black">Such
Buyer </FONT>shall have received a letter on the letterhead of the Company, duly executed by an officer of the Company, setting
forth the wire instructions of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xviii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The
Company and its Subsidiaries shall have delivered to <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer </FONT>such other documents relating
to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement as <FONT STYLE="color: black">such Buyer </FONT>or its counsel may reasonably
request.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xix)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: black">All
of the Conversion Shares issued and issuable upon conversion of the Notes (assuming the conversion in full of such Notes on or
prior to the Series B Closing Eligibility Date and a conversion price of the Series B Notes calculated as if the Notes were issued
on the Series B Closing Date) may be completed by the Company without violating the rules and regulations of the Principal Market.
</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xx)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Stockholder Approval shall have been obtained.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xxi)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The
quotient of (x) the sum of the aggregate daily dollar trading volume (as reported on Bloomberg) of the Common Stock on each Trading
Day over the fifteen (15) consecutive Trading Day period ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Series B Closing
Date, divided by (y) fifteen (15) is not less than $500,000 (as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations,
recapitalizations or other similar transactions) (the &ldquo;<B>Series B Closing Volume Condition</B>&rdquo;)<FONT STYLE="color: black">.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xxii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The volume-weighted average of the VWAP (as defined in the Notes) of the Common Stock during the fifteen (15) consecutive
Trading Day period ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding the Series B Closing Date <FONT STYLE="color: black">exceeds
$0.20 </FONT>(as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar transactions)
(the &ldquo;<B>Base Price</B>&rdquo;); provided, however, that in the event the Company effects a reverse stock split between the
date hereof and the Series B Closing Date, the Base Price shall be replaced with $0.15 (as adjusted by such reverse stock split)
(the &ldquo;<B>Series B Closing Price Condition</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xxiii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: black">There
has been no Equity Conditions Failure (as defined in the Series A Notes).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xxiv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>From
the date hereof to the Series B Closing Date, (i) trading in the Common Stock shall not have been suspended by the SEC or the
Principal Market (except for any suspension of trading of limited duration agreed to by the Company, which suspension shall be
terminated prior to the Series B Closing), and, (ii) at any time prior to the Series B Closing Date, trading in securities generally
as reported by Bloomberg L.P. shall not have been suspended or limited, or minimum prices shall not have been established on securities
whose trades are reported by such service, or on the Principal Market, nor shall a banking moratorium have been declared either
by the United States or New York State authorities nor shall there have occurred any material outbreak or escalation of hostilities
or other national or international calamity of such magnitude in its effect on, or any material adverse change in, any financial
market which, in each case, in the reasonable judgment of each Buyer, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to purchase the Securities
at the Series B Closing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xxv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>The Registration Statement shall be effective and available for the issuance and sale of the Securities to be issued at
the Series B Closing hereunder and pursuant to the terms of the Series B Notes and the Company shall have delivered to such Buyer
the Prospectus and the Prospectus Supplement as required thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(xxvi)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>&nbsp;The
Company and its Subsidiaries shall have delivered to such Buyer such other documents relating to the transactions contemplated
by this Agreement as such Buyer or its counsel may reasonably request.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">8.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>TERMINATION. </B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In the event that the
Series A Closing shall not have occurred within five (5) days of the date hereof, then each Buyer shall have the right to terminate
its obligations under this Agreement with respect to itself at any time on or after the close of business on such date without
liability of such Buyer to any other party; provided, however, (i) the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section 8 shall
not be available to such Buyer if the failure of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement to have been consummated by such
date is the result of such Buyer&rsquo;s breach of this Agreement and (ii) the abandonment of the sale and purchase of the Notes
shall be applicable only to the Buyer providing such written notice; provided further that no such termination shall affect any
obligation of the Company under this Agreement to reimburse such Buyer for the expenses described in Section 4(j) above. Nothing
contained in this Section 8 shall be deemed to release any party from any liability for any breach by such party of the terms and
provisions of this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents or to impair the right of any party to compel specific performance
by any other party of its obligations under this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">9.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>MISCELLANEOUS.</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Governing Law; Jurisdiction; Jury Trial</U>. All questions concerning the construction, validity, enforcement
and interpretation of this Agreement shall be governed by the internal laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to
any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of New York or any other jurisdictions) that would
cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits
to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in The City of New York, Borough of Manhattan, for the adjudication
of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein, and hereby
irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to
the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue
of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Each party hereby irrevocably waives personal service of process and consents to
process being served in any such suit, action or proceeding by mailing a copy thereof to such party at the address for such notices
to it under this Agreement and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof.
Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. EACH PARTY
HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO, AND AGREES NOT TO REQUEST, A JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE
HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Counterparts</U>. This Agreement may be executed in two or more identical counterparts, all of which shall be
considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when counterparts have been signed by each party and delivered
to the other party. In the event that any signature is delivered by facsimile transmission or by an e-mail which contains a portable
document format (.pdf) file of an executed signature page, such signature page shall create a valid and binding obligation of the
party executing (or on whose behalf such signature is executed) with the same force and effect as if such signature page were an
original thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Headings; Gender</U>. The headings of this Agreement are for convenience of reference and shall not form part
of, or affect the interpretation of, this Agreement. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, each pronoun herein shall
be deemed to include the masculine, feminine, neuter, singular and plural forms thereof. The terms &ldquo;including,&rdquo; &ldquo;includes,&rdquo;
&ldquo;include&rdquo; and words of like import shall be construed broadly as if followed by the words &ldquo;without limitation.&rdquo;
The terms &ldquo;herein,&rdquo; &ldquo;hereunder,&rdquo; &ldquo;hereof&rdquo; and words of like import refer to this entire Agreement
instead of just the provision in which they are found.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Severability</U>. If any provision of this Agreement is prohibited by law or otherwise determined to be invalid
or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the provision that would otherwise be prohibited, invalid or unenforceable
shall be deemed amended to apply to the broadest extent that it would be valid and enforceable, and the invalidity or unenforceability
of such provision shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this Agreement so long as this Agreement as so modified
continues to express, without material change, the original intentions of the parties as to the subject matter hereof and the prohibited
nature, invalidity or unenforceability of the provision(s) in question does not substantially impair the respective expectations
or reciprocal obligations of the parties or the practical realization of the benefits that would otherwise be conferred upon the
parties. The parties will endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s)
with a valid provision(s), the effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s).
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document (and without implication
that the following is required or applicable), it is the intention of the parties that in no event shall amounts and value paid
by the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries (as the case may be), or payable to or received by any of the Buyers, under the Transaction
Documents (including without limitation, any amounts that would be characterized as &ldquo;interest&rdquo; under applicable law)
exceed amounts permitted under any applicable law. Accordingly, if any obligation to pay, payment made to any Buyer, or collection
by any Buyer pursuant the Transaction Documents is finally judicially determined to be contrary to any such applicable law, such
obligation to pay, payment or collection shall be deemed to have been made by mutual mistake of such Buyer, the Company and its
Subsidiaries and such amount shall be deemed to have been adjusted with retroactive effect to the maximum amount or rate of interest,
as the case may be, as would not be so prohibited by the applicable law. Such adjustment shall be effected, to the extent necessary,
by reducing or refunding, at the option of such Buyer, the amount of interest or any other amounts which would constitute unlawful
amounts required to be paid or actually paid to such Buyer under the Transaction Documents. For greater certainty, to the extent
that any interest, charges, fees, expenses or other amounts required to be paid to or received by such Buyer under any of the Transaction
Documents or related thereto are held to be within the meaning of &ldquo;interest&rdquo; or another applicable term to otherwise
be violative of applicable law, such amounts shall be pro-rated over the period of time to which they relate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Entire Agreement; Amendments</U>. This Agreement, the other Transaction Documents and the schedules and exhibits
attached hereto and thereto and the instruments referenced herein and therein supersede all other prior oral or written agreements
between the Buyers, the Company, its Subsidiaries, their affiliates and Persons acting on their behalf solely with respect to the
matters contained herein and therein, and this Agreement, the other Transaction Documents, the schedules and exhibits attached
hereto and thereto and the instruments referenced herein and therein contain the entire understanding of the parties solely with
respect to the matters covered herein and therein; provided, however, nothing contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction
Document shall (or shall be deemed to) (i) have any effect on any agreements any Buyer has entered into with, or any instruments
any Buyer has received from, the Company or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the date hereof with respect to any prior investment
made by such Buyer in the Company or (ii) waive, alter, modify or amend in any respect any obligations of the Company or any of
its Subsidiaries, or any rights of or benefits to any Buyer or any other Person, in any agreement entered into prior to the date
hereof between or among the Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries and any Buyer, or any instruments any Buyer received from the
Company and/or any of its Subsidiaries prior to the date hereof, and all such agreements and instruments shall continue in full
force and effect. Except as specifically set forth herein or therein, neither the Company nor any Buyer makes any representation,
warranty, covenant or undertaking with respect to such matters. For clarification purposes, the Recitals are part of this Agreement.
No provision of this Agreement may be amended other than by an instrument in writing signed by the Company and the Required Holders
(as defined below), and any amendment to any provision of this Agreement made in conformity with the provisions of this Section
9(e) shall be binding on all Buyers and holders of Securities, as applicable, provided that no such amendment shall be effective
to the extent that it (1) applies to less than all of the holders of the Securities then outstanding or (2) imposes any obligation
or liability on any Buyer without such Buyer&rsquo;s prior written consent (which may be granted or withheld in such Buyer&rsquo;s
sole discretion). No waiver shall be effective unless it is in writing and signed by an authorized representative of the waiving
party, provided that the Required Holders may waive any provision of this Agreement, and any waiver of any provision of this Agreement
made in conformity with the provisions of this Section 9(e) shall be binding on all Buyers and holders of Securities, as applicable,
provided that no such waiver shall be effective to the extent that it (1) applies to less than all of the holders of the Securities
then outstanding (unless a party gives a waiver as to itself only) or (2) imposes any obligation or liability on any Buyer without
such Buyer&rsquo;s prior written consent (which may be granted or withheld in such Buyer&rsquo;s sole discretion). Other than the
Transaction Documents, the Company has not, directly or indirectly, made any agreements with any Buyers relating to the terms or
conditions of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents except as set forth in the Transaction Documents. Without
limiting the foregoing, the Company confirms that, except as set forth in this Agreement or the other Transaction Documents, no
Buyer has made any commitment or promise or has any other obligation to provide any financing to the Company, any Subsidiary or
otherwise. As a material inducement for each Buyer to enter into this Agreement, the Company expressly acknowledges and agrees
that (i) no due diligence or other investigation or inquiry conducted by a Buyer, any of its advisors or any of its representatives
shall affect such Buyer&rsquo;s right to rely on, or shall modify or qualify in any manner or be an exception to any of, the Company&rsquo;s
representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any other Transaction Document and (ii) unless a provision of this
Agreement or any other Transaction Document is expressly preceded by the phrase &ldquo;except as disclosed in the SEC Documents,&rdquo;
nothing contained in any of the SEC Documents shall affect such Buyer&rsquo;s right to rely on, or shall modify or qualify in any
manner or be an exception to any of, the Company&rsquo;s representations and warranties contained in this Agreement or any other
Transaction Document. &ldquo;<B>Required Holders</B>&rdquo; means (i) on or prior to the earlier of (x) the Series B Closing Date
and (y) the Series B Closing Expiration Date, each Buyer entitled to purchase Notes and/or Warrants at a Closing hereunder and
(ii) thereafter, holders of two-thirds (2/3rds) of the Securities (excluding any Securities held by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries)
issued or issuable hereunder or pursuant to the Notes and/or the Warrants (as if such Notes and/or Warrants were voluntarily converted
or exercised, as applicable, by each such holder thereof, in full, immediately prior to such date of determination).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Notices</U>. Any notices, consents, waivers or other communications required or permitted to be given under the
terms of this Agreement must be in writing and will be deemed to have been delivered: (i) upon receipt, when delivered personally;
(ii) upon receipt, when sent by facsimile (provided confirmation of transmission is mechanically or electronically generated and
kept on file by the sending party); or (iii) one (1) Business Day after deposit with an overnight courier service with next day
delivery specified, in each case, properly addressed to the party to receive the same. The addresses and facsimile numbers for
such communications shall be</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">If to the Company:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2in; text-align: left">Pacific Ethanol, Inc.<BR>
400 Capitol Mall<BR>
Suite 2060<BR>
Sacramento, CA 95814<BR>
Telephone: (916) 403-2123<BR>
Facsimile: (916) 403-3937<BR>
Attention: Chief Executive Officer</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">With a copy (for informational
purposes only) to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 144.7pt; text-align: left">Pacific Ethanol, Inc.<BR>
400 Capitol Mall<BR>
Suite 2060<BR>
Sacramento, CA 95814<BR>
Telephone: (916) 403-2130<BR>
Facsimile: (916) 403-2785<BR>
Attention: General Counsel</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 144.7pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 144.7pt; text-align: left">Troutman Sanders LLP<BR>
5 Park Plaza, Suite 1400<BR>
Irvine, CA 92614-2545<BR>
Telephone: (949) 622-2710<BR>
Facsimile: (949) 622-2739<BR>
Attention: Larry A. Cerutti, Esq.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 144.7pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">If to the Transfer Agent:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 144.7pt; text-align: left">American Stock Transfer &amp;
Trust Company</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 144.7pt; text-align: left">6201 15<SUP>th</SUP> Avenue, 2<SUP>nd</SUP>
Floor</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 144.7pt; text-align: left">Brooklyn, New York 11219</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2in; text-align: left">Telephone: (718) 921-8360<BR>
Facsimile: (718) 921-8310<BR>
Attention: Marianela Patterson</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2in; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If to a Buyer, to its address and facsimile
number set forth on the Schedule of Buyers, with copies to such Buyer&rsquo;s representatives as set forth on the Schedule of Buyers,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">with a copy (for informational
purposes only) to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2in; text-align: left">Greenberg Traurig, LLP<BR>
MetLife Building<BR>
200 Park Avenue<BR>
New York, NY 10166<BR>
Telephone: (212) 801-9200<BR>
Facsimile: (212) 805-9222<BR>
Attention: Michael A. Adelstein, Esq.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 2in; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">or to such other address and/or facsimile
number and/or to the attention of such other Person as the recipient party has specified by written notice given to each other
party five (5) days prior to the effectiveness of such change, provided that Greenberg Traurig, LLP shall only be provided copies
of notices sent to CVI. Written confirmation of receipt (A) given by the recipient of such notice, consent, waiver or other communication,
(B) mechanically or electronically generated by the sender&rsquo;s facsimile machine containing the time, date, recipient facsimile
number and an image of the first page of such transmission or (C) provided by an overnight courier service shall be rebuttable
evidence of personal service, receipt by facsimile or receipt from an overnight courier service in accordance with clause (i),
(ii) or (iii) above, respectively.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Successors and Assigns</U>. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their
respective successors and assigns, including any assignee of any of the Securities. The Company shall not assign this Agreement
or any rights or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the Required Holders, including, without limitation,
by way of a Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the Warrants) (unless the Company is in compliance with the applicable provisions
governing Fundamental Transactions set forth in the Warrants) or a Fundamental Transaction (as defined in the Notes) (unless the
Company is in compliance with the applicable provisions governing Fundamental Transactions set forth in the Notes). Provided a
Buyer provides the Company with written notice thereof, a Buyer may assign some or all of its rights hereunder in connection with
any transfer of any of its Securities without the consent of the Company, in which event such assignee shall be deemed to be a
Buyer hereunder with respect to such assigned rights.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>No Third Party Beneficiaries</U>. This Agreement is intended for the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective
permitted successors and assigns, and is not for the benefit of, nor may any provision hereof be enforced by, any other Person,
other than the Indemnitees referred to in Section 9(k).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Survival</U>. The representations, warranties, agreements and covenants shall survive each Closing. Each Buyer
shall be responsible only for its own representations, warranties, agreements and covenants hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(j)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Further Assurances</U>. Each party shall do and perform, or cause to be done and performed, all such further acts
and things, and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments and documents, as any other party
may reasonably request in order to carry out the intent and accomplish the purposes of this Agreement and the consummation of the
transactions contemplated hereby.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(k)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Indemnification.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>In consideration of each Buyer&rsquo;s execution and delivery of the Transaction Documents and acquiring the Securities
thereunder and in addition to all of the Company&rsquo;s other obligations under the Transaction Documents, the Company shall defend,
protect, indemnify and hold harmless each Buyer and each holder of any Securities and all of their stockholders, partners, members,
officers, directors, employees and direct or indirect investors and any of the foregoing Persons&rsquo; agents or other representatives
(including, without limitation, those retained in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement) (collectively,
the &ldquo;<B>Indemnitees</B>&rdquo;) from and against any and all actions, causes of action, suits, claims, losses, costs, penalties,
fees, liabilities and damages, and expenses in connection therewith (irrespective of whether any such Indemnitee is a party to
the action for which indemnification hereunder is sought), and including reasonable attorneys&rsquo; fees and disbursements (the
&ldquo;<B>Indemnified Liabilities</B>&rdquo;), incurred by any Indemnitee as a result of, or arising out of, or relating to (a)
any misrepresentation or breach of any representation or warranty made by the Company or any Subsidiary in any of the Transaction
Documents, (b) any breach of any covenant, agreement or obligation of the Company or any Subsidiary contained in any of the Transaction
Documents, (c) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained, or incorporated by reference, in
the Registration Statement or any amendment thereto or any omission or alleged omission to state therein, or in any document incorporated
by reference therein, a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading,
(d) any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained, or incorporated by reference, in the Prospectus,
any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or in any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, or in any &ldquo;issuer information&rdquo;
(as defined in Rule 433 under the Securities Act) of the Company, which &ldquo;issuer information&rdquo; is required to be, or
is, filed with the Commission or otherwise contained in any Free Writing Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or
any omission or alleged omission to state therein, or in any document incorporated by reference therein, a material fact required
to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not
misleading, (e) any violation of United States federal or state securities laws or the rules and regulations of the Principal Market
or any Eligible Market in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, the Warrants, the Indenture and the
Notes by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, affiliates, officers, directors or employees or (f) any cause of action, suit
or claim brought or made against such Indemnitee by a third party (including for these purposes a derivative action brought on
behalf of the Company or any Subsidiary) and arising out of or resulting from (i) the execution, delivery, performance or enforcement
of any of the Transaction Documents, (ii) any transaction financed or to be financed in whole or in part, directly or indirectly,
with the proceeds of the issuance of the Securities, (iii) any disclosure properly made by such Buyer pursuant to Section 4(l),
or (iv) the status of such Buyer or holder of the Securities as an investor in the Company pursuant to the transactions contemplated
by the Transaction Documents. To the extent that the foregoing undertaking by the Company may be unenforceable for any reason,
the Company shall make the maximum contribution to the payment and satisfaction of each of the Indemnified Liabilities which is
permissible under applicable law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Promptly after receipt by an Indemnitee under this Section 9(k) of notice of the commencement of any action or proceeding
(including any governmental action or proceeding) involving an Indemnified Liability, such Indemnitee shall, if a claim in respect
thereof is to be made against the Company under this Section 9(k), deliver to the Company a written notice of the commencement
thereof, and the Company shall have the right to participate in, and, to the extent the Company so desires, to assume control of
the defense thereof with counsel mutually satisfactory to the Company and the Indemnitee; provided, however, that an Indemnitee
shall have the right to retain its own counsel with the fees and expenses of such counsel to be paid by the Company if: (i) the
Company has agreed in writing to pay such fees and expenses; (ii) the Company shall have failed promptly to assume the defense
of such Indemnified Liability and to employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to such Indemnitee in any such Indemnified Liability;
or (iii) the named parties to any such Indemnified Liability (including any impleaded parties) include both such Indemnitee and
the Company, and such Indemnitee shall have been advised by counsel that a conflict of interest is likely to exist if the same
counsel were to represent such Indemnitee and the Company (in which case, if such Indemnitee notifies the Company in writing that
it elects to employ separate counsel at the expense of the Company, then the Company shall not have the right to assume the defense
thereof and such counsel shall be at the expense of the Company), provided further, that in the case of clause (iii) above the
Company shall not be responsible for the reasonable fees and expenses of more than one (1) separate legal counsel for such Indemnitee.
The Indemnitee shall reasonably cooperate with the Company in connection with any negotiation or defense of any such action or
Indemnified Liability by the Company and shall furnish to the Company all information reasonably available to the Indemnitee which
relates to such action or Indemnified Liability. The Company shall keep the Indemnitee reasonably apprised at all times as to the
status of the defense or any settlement negotiations with respect thereto. The Company shall not be liable for any settlement of
any action, claim or proceeding effected without its prior written consent, provided, however, that the Company shall not unreasonably
withhold, delay or condition its consent. The Company shall not, without the prior written consent of the Indemnitee, consent to
entry of any judgment or enter into any settlement or other compromise which does not include as an unconditional term thereof
the giving by the claimant or plaintiff to such Indemnitee of a release from all liability in respect to such Indemnified Liability
or litigation, and such settlement shall not include any admission as to fault on the part of the Indemnitee. Following indemnification
as provided for hereunder, the Company shall be subrogated to all rights of the Indemnitee with respect to all third parties, firms
or corporations relating to the matter for which indemnification has been made. The failure to deliver written notice to the Company
within a reasonable time of the commencement of any such action shall not relieve the Company of any liability to the Indemnitee
under this Section 9(k), except to the extent that the Company is materially and adversely prejudiced in its ability to defend
such action.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The indemnification required by this Section 9(k) shall be made by periodic payments of the amount thereof during the course
of the investigation or defense, as and when bills are received or Indemnified Liabilities are incurred.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">(iv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The indemnity agreement contained herein shall be in addition to (A) any cause of action or similar right of the Indemnitee
against the Company or others, and (B) any liabilities the Company may be subject to pursuant to the law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 36.4pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.6pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(l)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Construction</U>. The language used in this Agreement will be deemed to be the language chosen by the parties
to express their mutual intent, and no rules of strict construction will be applied against any party. No specific representation
or warranty shall limit the generality or applicability of a more general representation or warranty. Each and every reference
to share prices, shares of Common Stock and any other numbers in this Agreement that relate to the Common Stock shall be automatically
adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar transactions that occur
with respect to the Common Stock after the date of this Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(m)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Remedies</U>. Each Buyer and each holder of any Securities shall have all rights and remedies set forth in the
Transaction Documents and all rights and remedies which such holders have been granted at any time under any other agreement or
contract and all of the rights which such holders have under any law. Any Person having any rights under any provision of this
Agreement shall be entitled to enforce such rights specifically (without posting a bond or other security), to recover damages
by reason of any breach of any provision of this Agreement and to exercise all other rights granted by law. Furthermore, the Company
recognizes that in the event that it or any Subsidiary fails to perform, observe, or discharge any or all of its or such Subsidiary&rsquo;s
(as the case may be) obligations under the Transaction Documents, any remedy at law may prove to be inadequate relief to the Buyers.
The Company therefore agrees that the Buyers shall be entitled to seek specific performance and/or temporary, preliminary and permanent
injunctive or other equitable relief from any court of competent jurisdiction in any such case without the necessity of proving
actual damages and without posting a bond or other security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(n)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Withdrawal Right</U>. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in (and without limiting any similar
provisions of) the Transaction Documents, whenever any Buyer exercises a right, election, demand or option under a Transaction
Document and the Company or any Subsidiary does not timely perform its related obligations within the periods therein provided,
then such Buyer may rescind or withdraw, in its sole discretion from time to time upon written notice to the Company or such Subsidiary
(as the case may be), any relevant notice, demand or election in whole or in part without prejudice to its future actions and rights</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(o)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Payment Set Aside; Currency</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. To the extent that the Company makes
a payment or payments to any Buyer hereunder or pursuant to any of the other Transaction Documents or any of the Buyers enforce
or exercise their rights hereunder or thereunder, and such payment or payments or the proceeds of such enforcement or exercise
or any part thereof are subsequently invalidated, declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside, recovered from, disgorged
by or are required to be refunded, repaid or otherwise restored to the Company, a trustee, receiver or any other Person under any
law (including, without limitation, any bankruptcy law, foreign, state or federal law, common law or equitable cause of action),
then to the extent of any such restoration the obligation or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be revived
and continued in full force and effect as if such payment had not been made or such enforcement or setoff had not occurred. Unless
otherwise expressly indicated, all dollar amounts referred to in this Agreement and the other Transaction Documents are in United
States Dollars (&ldquo;<B>U.S. Dollars</B>&rdquo;), and all amounts owing under this Agreement and all other Transaction Documents
shall be paid in U.S. Dollars. All amounts denominated in other currencies (if any) shall be converted in the U.S. Dollar equivalent
amount in accordance with the Exchange Rate on the date of calculation. &ldquo;<B>Exchange Rate</B>&rdquo;<B> </B>means, in relation
to any amount of currency to be converted into U.S. Dollars pursuant to this Agreement, the U.S. Dollar exchange rate as published
in the Wall Street Journal on the relevant date of calculation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(p)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Maximum Payments</U><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">. Nothing contained in any of the Indentures, any
Supplemental Indenture or any of the Notes shall be deemed to establish or require the payment of a rate of interest or other charges
in excess of the maximum permitted by applicable law. In the event that the rate of interest required to be paid or other charges
under any of the Notes exceeds the maximum permitted by such law, such rate and such charges, to the extent applicable, shall be
automatically reduced to the maximum rate and charges, as applicable, permitted by applicable law, without further action by the
parties hereto, and any payments or amounts actually received by the holder thereof in excess of such maximum shall be refunded
to the Company, which refund may be accomplished, at the option of the Company, by credit against amounts owed by the Company to
such holder or by actual return to the Company by such holder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="text-underline-style: none">(q)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>Independent Nature of Buyers&rsquo; Obligations and Rights</U>. The obligations of each Buyer under the Transaction
Documents are several and not joint with the obligations of any other Buyer, and no Buyer shall be responsible in any way for the
performance of the obligations of any other Buyer under any Transaction Document. Nothing contained herein or in any other Transaction
Document, and no action taken by any Buyer pursuant hereto or thereto, shall be deemed to constitute the Buyers as, and the Company
acknowledges that the Buyers do not so constitute, a partnership, an association, a joint venture or any other kind of group or
entity, or create a presumption that the Buyers are in any way acting in concert or as a group or entity with respect to such obligations
or the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Documents or any matters, and the Company acknowledges that the Buyers are
not acting in concert or as a group, and the Company shall not assert any such claim, with respect to such obligations or the transactions
contemplated by the Transaction Documents. The decision of each Buyer to purchase Securities pursuant to the Transaction Documents
has been made by such Buyer independently of any other Buyer. Each Buyer acknowledges that no other Buyer has acted as agent for
such Buyer in connection with such Buyer making its investment hereunder and that no other Buyer will be acting as agent of such
Buyer in connection with monitoring such Buyer&rsquo;s investment in the Securities or enforcing its rights under the Transaction
Documents. The Company and each Buyer confirms that each Buyer has independently participated with the Company and its Subsidiaries
in the negotiation of the transaction contemplated hereby with the advice of its own counsel and advisors. Each Buyer shall be
entitled to independently protect and enforce its rights, including, without limitation, the rights arising out of this Agreement
or out of any other Transaction Documents, and it shall not be necessary for any other Buyer to be joined as an additional party
in any proceeding for such purpose. The use of a single agreement to effectuate the purchase and sale of the Securities contemplated
hereby was solely in the control of the Company, not the action or decision of any Buyer, and was done solely for the convenience
of the Company and its Subsidiaries and not because it was required or requested to do so by any Buyer. It is expressly understood
and agreed that each provision contained in this Agreement and in each other Transaction Document is between the Company, each
Subsidiary and a Buyer, solely, and not between the Company, its Subsidiaries and the Buyers collectively and not between and among
the Buyers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">[<I>signature
pages follow</I>]</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>IN WITNESS WHEREOF,</B>
each Buyer and the Company have caused their respective signature page to this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first
written above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>COMPANY:</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</B></P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By: </FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/&nbsp;</FONT>Bryon T. McGregor&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">Name: Bryon T. McGregor&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Title: Chief Financial Officer</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>IN WITNESS WHEREOF,</B>
each Buyer and the Company have caused their respective signature page to this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first
written above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>BUYER:</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>CRANSHIRE CAPITAL MASTERFUND. LTD.</B></P></TD>
    <TD><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By: </FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">Name: </TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>IN WITNESS WHEREOF,</B>
each Buyer and the Company have caused their respective signature page to this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first
written above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>BUYER:</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>HUDSON BAY MASTER FUND LTD.</B></P></TD>
    <TD><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 37%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By: </FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">Name: </TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>IN WITNESS WHEREOF,</B>
each Buyer and the Company have caused their respective signature page to this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first
written above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>BUYER:</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>KINGSBROOK OPPORTUNITIES MASTER FUND LP</B></P></TD>
    <TD><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 37%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By: </FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">Name: </TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>IN WITNESS WHEREOF,</B>
each Buyer and the Company have caused their respective signature page to this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first
written above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>BUYER:</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>IROQUOIS MASTER FUND LTD.</B></P></TD>
    <TD><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By: </FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT> </TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">Name: </TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>IN WITNESS WHEREOF,</B>
each Buyer and the Company have caused their respective signature page to this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first
written above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>BUYER:</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>CAPITAL
        VENTURES INTERNATIONAL</B></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -25.9pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -25.9pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -25.9pt">By:&#9;<FONT STYLE="font-variant: normal">_____________________________</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: normal"></FONT>Name:</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt">Title:</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -25.9pt"></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><B>SCHEDULE OF BUYERS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 16%; padding: 10.05pt 0.05in 2.9pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>(1)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 10.05pt; text-align: center; width: 25%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>(2)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; padding: 10.05pt 0.05in 2.9pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>(3)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; padding-top: 10.05pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>(4)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; padding-top: 10.05pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>(5)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 7%; padding-top: 10.05pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>(6)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 10.05pt; text-align: center; width: 7%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>(7)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 10.05pt; text-align: center; width: 7%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>(8)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 10.05pt; text-align: center; width: 17%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>(7)</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding: 2.9pt 0.05in; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding: 2.9pt 0.05in; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 2.9pt 0.05in; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding: 2.9pt 0.05in 2.9pt 5.15pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 2.9pt 0.05in; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Buyer</B></FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 2.9pt 0.05in; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Address
                                                                      and Facsimile Number</B></FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 2.9pt 0.05in; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Original
                                                                      Principal Amount of</B><BR>
                                                                      <B>Series A Notes</B></FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 2.9pt 0.05in; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Original
                                               Principal Amount of</B><BR>
                                               <B>Series B Notes</B></FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 2.9pt 0.05in; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Aggregate</B><BR>
                                               <B>Number of</B><BR>
                                               <B>Series A</B><BR>
                                               <B>Warrant Shares</B></FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 2.9pt 0.05in; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Aggregate</B><BR>
                                               <B>Number of</B><BR>
                                               <B>Series B</B><BR>
                                               <B>Warrant Shares</B></FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 2.9pt 0.05in; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Series
                                               A</B><BR>
                                               <B>Purchase Price</B></FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 2.9pt 0.05in; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Series
                                               B</B><BR>
                                               <B>Purchase Price</B></FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 2.9pt 0.05in; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Legal
                                                                      Representative&rsquo;s</B><BR>
                                                                      <B>Address and Facsimile Number</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding: 10.05pt 0.05in 2.9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 10.05pt 0.05in 2.9pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding: 10.05pt 0.05in 2.9pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10.05pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10.05pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10.05pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10.05pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10.05pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 10.05pt; padding-left: 5.15pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Capital Ventures
    International</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; padding-top: 2.9pt"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><BR>
                                                              c/o Heights Capital Management, Inc.</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">101
        California Street, Suite 3250</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">San
        Francisco, CA 94111</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Attn:
        Martin Kobinger, Investment Manager<BR>
        Facsimile: 415-403-6525<BR>
        Telephone: 415-403-6500</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Residence:
        Cayman Islands</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$3,750,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$5,000,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">7,391,250</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">9,855,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$3,750,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$5,000,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.15pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Greenberg
                                                           Traurig, LLP</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.05pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">MetLife
        Building</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.05pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">200
        Park Avenue</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.05pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">New
        York, NY 10166</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.05pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Telephone:
        (212) 801-9200</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.05pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Facsimile:
        (212) 805-9222</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 5.05pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Attn:
        Michael A. Adelstein, Esq.</FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Hudson Bay
    Master Fund Ltd. </B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: left"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">777
                                                              Third Avenue, 30th Floor</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">New
        York, NY 10017</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Tel:
        212-571-1244</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Fax:
        212-571-1325</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Attn:
        Yoav Roth/George Antonopoulos</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$1,350,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$1,800,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">2,660,850</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">3,547,800</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$1,350,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$1,800,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 10.05pt; padding-left: 5.15pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Kingsbrook
    Opportunities Master Fund LP</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: left"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">c/o
                                                              Kingsbrook Partners LP</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">689
        Fifth Avenue, 12th Floor</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">New
        York, NY 10022</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Attention:
        Ari Storch/Adam Chill</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">fax:
        212-600-8290</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">investments@kingsbrookpartners.com</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$429,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$571,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">845,559</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">1,127,412</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$429,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$571,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 10.05pt; padding-left: 5.15pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Iroquois
    Master Fund Ltd.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: left"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Iroquois
                                                              Master Fund Ltd</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">641
        Lexington Avenue, 26th Floor</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">New
        York, NY 10022</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Fax.
        212 207 3452</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$257,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$343,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">506,547</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">675,396</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$257,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$343,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 10.05pt; padding-left: 5.15pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt"><B>Cranshire
    Capital Master Fund, Ltd.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: left"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">c/o
                                                              Cranshire Capital Advisors, LLC</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">3100
        Dundee Road, Suite 703</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Northbrook,
        IL 60062</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 9pt 0pt 0; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">Fax
        847-562-9031</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$214,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$286,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">421,794</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">562,392</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$214,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding: 3pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">$286,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 10.05pt; padding-left: 5.15pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 7pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">SCHEDULE 3(j)<BR>
<U>to Securities Purchase Agreement</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Application of Takeover Protections;
Rights Agreement</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The board of directors
of the Company is authorized by resolution or resolutions, from time to time adopted, to provide for the issuance of Preferred
Stock in one or more series and to fix and state the voting powers, designations, preferences and relative participating, optional
or other special rights of the shares of each series and the qualifications, limitations and restrictions thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">SCHEDULE 3(l)<BR>
<U>to Securities Purchase Agreement</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Absence of Certain Changes</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">1.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">The Company declared and paid $0.3 million in dividends on our our Series B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock (&ldquo;<B>Series
B Preferred Stock</B>&rdquo;) for each of the three months ended March 31, 2012, the three months ended June 30, 2012, the three
months ended September 30, 2012 and the three months ended December 31, 2012.</TD></TR>                                                                                       <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">2.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">In August 2012, the Company issued an aggregate of 2,359,652 shares of Common Stock to the holders of its Series B Preferred
Stock in payment of 10% of the total amount of accrued and unpaid dividends owed to such holders and in consideration of each of
the holders forbearing from exercising such holder&rsquo;s rights, if any, with respect to the payment of the then remaining accrued
and unpaid dividends until January 1, 2014, subject to certain exceptions.</TD></TR>                                                                                    <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">3.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">In December 2012, the Company issued an aggregate of 2,168,708 shares of Common Stock to the holders of its Series B Preferred
Stock in payment of 10% of the total amount of accrued and unpaid dividends owed to such holders and in consideration of each of
the holders forbearing from exercising such holder&rsquo;s rights, if any, with respect to the payment of the then remaining accrued
and unpaid dividends until January 1, 2014.</TD></TR>                                                     <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">4.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">The Company  entered into a letter agreement with the holders of the Company&rsquo;s Series B
                                                        Preferred Stock on March 27, 2013, pursuant to which the Company will agree to issue an aggregate of  2,089,977 shares of the
                                                        Company&rsquo;s common stock in settlement of an aggregate of $731,492 of the accrued and unpaid dividends owed to the
                                                        holders of the Company&rsquo;s Series B Preferred Stock.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">SCHEDULE 3(n)<BR>
<U>to Securities Purchase Agreement</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><U></U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Conduct of Business; Regulatory
Permits</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">1.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">The Company is in arrears in the payment of dividends prescribed by the Certificate of Designations, Powers, Preferences and
Rights of the Series B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock in the amount of approximately $5,852,000 as of December 31, 2012.</TD></TR>                                                                                                                                          <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">2.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">The Company received a letter from The NASDAQ Stock Market on June 6, 2012, indicating that the bid price of the Company&rsquo;s
common stock for the last 30 consecutive business days had closed below the minimum $1.00 per share required for continued listing.
The Company was provided an initial period of 180 calendar days, or until December 3, 2012, in which to regain compliance. The
Company was then provided an additional period of 180 calendar days, or until June 3, 2013, in which to regain compliance.</TD></TR>                                                                                                                                    <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">3.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">The Company received a letter from The NASDAQ Stock Market on June 30, 2010, indicating that the bid price of the Company&rsquo;s
common stock for the last 30 consecutive business days had closed below the minimum $1.00 per share required for continued listing.
The Company was provided an initial period of 180 calendar days, or until December 27, 2010, in which to regain compliance. The
Company was then provided an additional period of 180 calendar days, or until June 27, 2011, in which to regain compliance. The
Company subsequently regained compliance by notification of the NASDAQ Stock Market on June 22, 2011.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">SCHEDULE 3(q)<BR>
<U>to Securities Purchase Agreement</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Transactions with Affiliates</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">1.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">On March 30, 2009, we entered into an unsecured promissory note in favor of Mr. Koehler. The promissory note was for the principal
amount of $1,000,000. Interest on the unpaid principal amount of the promissory note accrues at a rate per annum of 8.00%. As of
December 31, 2012, we had paid all accrued interest under the promissory note. As of December 31, 2012, the remaining principal
amount of $750,000 was due and payable on the extended maturity date of March 31, 2013. On February 7, 2013, the maturity date
was further extended to March 31, 2014.</TD></TR>                                                 <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">2.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">The Company has issued shares of its Series B Preferred Stock to certain related parties.</TD></TR>                                                                                                                                                                  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">3.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">The Company  entered into a letter agreement with the holders of the Company&rsquo;s Series B
                                                        Preferred Stock on March 27, 2013, pursuant to which the Company will agree to issue an aggregate of  2,089,977 shares of the
                                                        Company&rsquo;s common stock in settlement of an aggregate of $731,492 of the accrued and unpaid dividends owed to the
                                                        holders of the Company&rsquo;s Series B Preferred Stock.</TD></TR>                            <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">4.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">The Company is party to Executive Employment Agreements with each of Neil M. Koehler, Bryon T. McGregor, Christopher W. Wright
and Michael Kandris.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">SCHEDULE 3(r)<BR>
<U>to Securities Purchase Agreement</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Equity Capitalization</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">1.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">See Schedule 3(s) for documents evidencing Indebtedness.</TD></TR>                                                                                                                                 <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">2.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">The Company has outstanding warrants to purchase 96,951,554 shares of Common Stock and outstanding options to purchase 194,774
shares of Common Stock. In addition, the Company has the option of paying interest payments due under the Senior Unsecured Notes
in shares of Common Stock; the Company currently has 7,369,714 shares reserved for these payments.</TD></TR>                                                                                                            <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">3.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">The Company&rsquo;s obligation to issue the Securities.</TD></TR>                                                                                                                                <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">4.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">The Registration Rights Agreement dated as of March 27, 2008 by and between Pacific Ethanol, Inc. and Lyles United, LLC.</TD></TR>                                                                                                                                                                                                 <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">5.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">The Registration Rights Agreement, dated January 11, 2013, by and among the Company and certain investors.</TD></TR>                                                                                                                                                                                   <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">6.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">Certificate Of Designations, Powers, Preferences And Rights of the Series B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock provides
for preemptive rights and weighted-average anti-dilution protection.</TD></TR>                                                                              <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">7.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">The holders of certain warrants issued pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated December 8, 2011, are entitled to
participation rights. Further, these warrants provide for weighted-average anti-dilution protection.</TD></TR>                                                                                                              <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">8.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">Certain warrants issued pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement, dated December 19, 2012, provide for weighted-average
anti-dilution protection.</TD></TR>                                   <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">9.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">Certain warrants issued in June 2012 in a Confidentially Marketed Public Offering provide for weighted-average anti-dilution
protection</TD></TR>                    <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">10.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">Financing statements filed with respect to Permitted Liens, including the following:</TD></TR>                                                                                                                                                              <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 6%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">a.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 89%">UCC Financing Statement filed for the benefit of Wachovia Capital Finance Corproation (Western) with the Secretary of State
of Oregon (Initial Filing No. 8038326).</TD></TR>                                                 <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 6%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">b.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 89%">UCC Financing Statement filed for the benefit of Agricredit Acceptance LLC with the Secretary of State of California (Initial
Filing No. 20087174034983).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">SCHEDULE 3(s)<BR>
<U>to Securities Purchase Agreement</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Indebtedness and Other Contracts</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">1.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">Senor Unsecured Notes (as defined in the Notes).</TD></TR>                                                                                                                         <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">2.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">Loan and Security Agreement between Kinergy Marketing LLC as Borrower and Wells Fargo Capital Finance, LLC, as amended. The
Loan and Security Agreement is a revolving credit facility whereunder the Company&rsquo;s borrowing capacity is capped at $30,000,000
with an accordion for an additional $10,000,000.</TD></TR>                                                          <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">3.</TD><TD STYLE="width: 94%">Promissory Note in the initial principal amount of $1,000,000 dated March 29, 2009 in favor of Neil M. Koehler, as amended.
$750,000 in principal remains outstanding under this Note.</TD></TR>                                                                    <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">4.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 94%">Agricredit Acceptance LLC Lease Agreement between Pacific Ag. Products LLC and Kirby Manufacturing,
Inc. dated September 17, 2008. The Company&rsquo;s current liability under the lease is approximately $22,000.</TD></TR>                                                                                                                        <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%">5.</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 94%">Accrued and unpaid dividends on the Company&rsquo;s Series B Preferred Stock</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">SCHEDULE 3(z)<BR>
<U>to Securities Purchase Agreement</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Restricted Subsidiary Rights</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company is limited
to the amount of dividends it may receive from its wholly-owned subsidiary, Kinergy Marketing LLC, under the terms of the Loan
and Security Agreement between Kinergy Marketing LLC and Wells Fargo Capital Finance, LLC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">SCHEDULE 3(qq)<BR>
<U>to Securities Purchase Agreement</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>Ranking of Notes</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Senior Unsecured
Notes are senior to the Notes. The Notes rank pari passu with all Other Notes and the Permitted Indebtedness (as defined in the
Notes) described in clause (vi) of Section 28(hh) of the Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: right"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: right">SCHEDULE 4(g)<BR>
<U>to Securities Purchase Agreement</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: center"><B><U>Use of Proceeds</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Certain of the Company&rsquo;s Subsidiaries
are party to a credit facility that was amended and restated on October 29, 2012 and provides for a revolving credit facility of
up to $40.0 million (&ldquo;<B>Revolving Loan</B>&rdquo;), a term loan of $25.0 million, and a term loan of $26.3 million. Under
these credit facilities, $6.7 million of the combined revolving loans and term loans has a maturity date of June 25, 2013 (&ldquo;<B>June
Indebtedness</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company intends to use (i) $2.1 million
of the  proceeds from the Series A Closing to purchase $2.6 million the June Indebtedness and limited liability company interests
of New PE Holdco, LLC held by the holders of the June Indebtedness being purchased, and (ii) $3.5 million of the  proceeds from
the Series A Closing to purchase approximately $3.5 million of the Revolving Loan from the existing lenders. Any remaining net
proceeds from the Series A Closing will be used as specified in the Senior Unsecured Notes (as defined in the Notes).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company intends to use (i) up to $4.0
million of the  proceeds from the Series B Closing to purchase the remaining $4.0 million of June Indebtedness and limited liability
company interests of New PE Holdco held by the holders of the June Indebtedness being purchased and, (ii) $2.0 million of the
proceeds from the Series B Closing to fund a reserve to service subordinated debt obligations and (iii) the remainder of the net
proceeds from the Series B Note Offering to repay the Senior Unsecured Notes and/or Revolving Loans.</P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>APPENDIX C</B></P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>[FORM OF SERIES [A][B] SUBORDINATED
CONVERTIBLE NOTE]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>ANY TRANSFEREE OF THIS NOTE SHOULD CAREFULLY
REVIEW THE TERMS OF THIS NOTE, INCLUDING SECTIONS 3(c)(iii) AND 17(d) HEREOF. THE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT REPRESENTED BY THIS NOTE AND,
ACCORDINGLY, THE SECURITIES ISSUABLE UPON CONVERSION HEREOF MAY BE LESS THAN THE AMOUNTS SET FORTH ON THE FACE HEREOF PURSUANT
TO SECTION 3(c)(iii) OF THIS NOTE.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Pacific
Ethanol, Inc.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Series
[A][B] Subordinated Convertible Note</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 49%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Issuance Date:&nbsp;&nbsp;[_____], 2013</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 51%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">Original Principal Amount: U.S. $[________]</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>FOR VALUE
RECEIVED,</B> Pacific Ethanol, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;), hereby promises to pay to
[BUYERS] or its registered assigns (&ldquo;<B>Holder</B>&rdquo;) the amount set out above as the Original Principal Amount
(as reduced pursuant to the terms hereof pursuant to redemption, conversion or otherwise, the &ldquo;<B>Principal</B>&rdquo;)
when due, whether upon the Maturity Date, on any Installment Date with respect to the Installment Amount due on such
Installment Date (each as defined below), or upon acceleration, redemption or otherwise (in each case in accordance with the
terms hereof) and to pay interest (&ldquo;<B>Interest</B>&rdquo;) on any outstanding Principal at the applicable Interest
Rate (as defined below) from the date set out above as the Issuance Date (the &ldquo;<B>Issuance</B> <B>Date</B>&rdquo;)
until the same becomes due and payable, whether upon the Maturity Date, on any Installment Date with respect to the
Installment Amount due on such Installment Date, acceleration, conversion, redemption or otherwise (in each case in
accordance with the terms hereof). This Series [A][B] Subordinated Convertible Note (including all Subordinated Convertible
Notes issued in exchange, transfer or replacement hereof, this &ldquo;<B>Note</B>&rdquo;) is one of an issue of Series [A][B]
Subordinated Convertible Notes issued on the Series [A][B] Closing Date and the Series [B][A] Notes [to be] issued on
the Series [B] Closing Date (collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Notes</B>&rdquo; and such other [First][Second] Subordinated
Convertible Notes and Series [B][A] Notes, the &ldquo;<B>Other</B> <B>Notes</B>&rdquo;) pursuant to (i) the Indenture, (ii)
the  [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture, (iii) Securities Purchase Agreement and (iv) <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
Company&rsquo;s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File number 333-180731) (the &ldquo;</FONT><B>Registration
Statement</B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&rdquo;)</FONT>. Certain capitalized terms used herein
are defined in Section 28.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>PAYMENTS OF PRINCIPAL</U>. On each Installment Date (which includes the Maturity Date), the Company shall pay to the
Holder an amount equal to the Installment Amount due on such Installment Date in accordance with Section 8. On the Maturity Date,
the Company shall pay to the Holder an amount in cash, shares of Common Stock or a combination thereof in accordance with Section
8 representing all outstanding Principal, accrued and unpaid Interest and accrued and unpaid Late Charges on such Principal and
Interest. Other than as specifically permitted by this Note, the Company may not prepay any portion of the outstanding Principal,
accrued and unpaid Interest or accrued and unpaid Late Charges on Principal and Interest, if any.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">2.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>INTEREST; INTEREST RATE</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Interest on this Note shall (i) accrue at the Interest Rate, (ii) commence accruing on the Issuance Date (iii) be computed
on the basis of a 360-day year and twelve 30-day months, (iv) shall compound on the first calendar day of each calendar month and
(v) shall be payable on each Installment Date in accordance with Section 8 below or otherwise in accordance with the terms of this
Note.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Prior to the payment of Interest on an Installment Date, Interest on this Note shall accrue at the Interest Rate and be
payable <FONT STYLE="color: black">by way of inclusion of the Interest in the Conversion Amount<B> </B></FONT>on each Conversion
Date in accordance with Section 3(b)(i), on each Installment Date in accordance with Section 8 below or upon any redemption in
accordance with Section 11. From and after the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default, the Interest Rate
shall automatically be increased to fifteen percent (15.0%) (the &ldquo;<B>Default Rate</B>&rdquo;). In the event that such Event
of Default is subsequently cured, the automatic increase to the Interest Rate referred to in the preceding sentence shall cease
to be effective as of the date of such cure; provided that the Interest as calculated and unpaid at such increased rate during
the continuance of such Event of Default shall continue to apply to the extent relating to the days after the occurrence of such
Event of Default through and including the date of such cure of such Event of Default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">3.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>CONVERSION OF NOTES</U>. This Note shall be convertible into validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of
Common Stock (as defined below), on the terms and conditions set forth in this Section 3.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.5pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Conversion Right</U>. Subject to the provisions of Section 3(d), at any time or times on or after the Issuance Date,
the Holder shall be entitled to convert any portion of the outstanding and unpaid Conversion Amount (as defined below) into validly
issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock in accordance with Section 3(c), at the Conversion Rate (as defined
below). The Company shall not issue any fraction of a share of Common Stock upon any conversion. If the issuance would result in
the issuance of a fraction of a share of Common Stock, the Company shall round such fraction of a share of Common Stock up to the
nearest whole share. The Company shall pay any and all transfer, stamp, issuance and similar taxes that may be payable with respect
to the issuance and delivery of Common Stock upon conversion of any Conversion Amount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.5pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<U>Conversion
Rate</U>. The number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of any Conversion Amount pursuant to Section 3(a) shall
be determined by dividing (x) such Conversion Amount by (y) the Conversion Price (the &ldquo;<B>Conversion Rate</B>&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Conversion Amount</B>&rdquo; means the sum of (x) the portion of the Principal to be converted, redeemed or otherwise
with respect to which this determination is being made, plus (y) all <FONT STYLE="color: black">accrued and unpaid Interest with
respect to such portion of the Principal amount and accrued and unpaid Late Charges with respect to such portion of such Principal
and such Interest</FONT>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Conversion Price</B>&rdquo; means, as of any Conversion Date (as defined below) or other date of determination,
$1.00, subject to adjustment as provided herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Mechanics of Conversion.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Optional Conversion</U>. To convert any Conversion Amount into shares of Common Stock on any date (a &ldquo;<B>Conversion
Date</B>&rdquo;), the Holder shall (A) deliver (whether via facsimile or otherwise), for receipt on or prior to 11:59 p.m., New
York time, on such date, a copy of an executed notice of conversion in the form attached hereto as <U>Exhibit I</U> (the &ldquo;<B>Conversion
Notice</B>&rdquo;) to the Company and the Trustee and (B) if required by Section 3(c)(iii), surrender this Note to a nationally
recognized overnight delivery service for delivery to the Company (or an indemnification undertaking with respect to this Note
in the case of its loss, theft or destruction as contemplated by Section 17(b)). On or before the first (1<SUP>st</SUP>) Trading
Day following the date of receipt of a Conversion Notice, the Company shall transmit by facsimile an acknowledgment of confirmation,
in the form attached hereto as <U>Exhibit II</U>, of receipt of such Conversion Notice to the Holder, the Trustee and the Company&rsquo;s
transfer agent (the &ldquo;<B>Transfer Agent</B>&rdquo;). On or before the third (3<SUP>rd</SUP>) Trading Day following the date
of receipt of a Conversion Notice, the Company shall (1) provided that the Transfer Agent is participating in The Depository Trust
Company&rsquo;s (&ldquo;<B>DTC</B>&rdquo;) Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, credit such aggregate number of shares of
Common Stock to which the Holder shall be entitled to the Holder&rsquo;s or its designee&rsquo;s balance account with DTC through
its Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian system or (2) if the Transfer Agent is not participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities
Transfer Program, issue and deliver (via reputable overnight courier) to the address as specified in the Conversion Notice, a certificate,
registered in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder shall be entitled.
If this Note is physically surrendered for conversion as required by Section 3(c)(iii) and the outstanding Principal of this Note
is greater than the Principal portion of the Conversion Amount being converted, then the Company shall as soon as practicable and
in no event later than three (3) Trading Days after receipt of this Note and at its own expense, issue and, following authentication
of such new Note, deliver to the Holder (or its designee) a new Note (in accordance with Section 17(d)) representing the outstanding
Principal not converted. The Person or Persons entitled to receive the shares of Common Stock issuable upon a conversion of this
Note shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such shares of Common Stock on the Conversion Date. In
the event of a partial conversion of this Note pursuant hereto, the Principal amount converted shall be deducted from the Installment
Amount(s) relating to the Installment Date(s) as set forth in the applicable Conversion Notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Company&rsquo;s Failure to Timely Convert</U>. If the Company shall fail, for any reason or for no reason, to issue to
the Holder within three (3) Trading Days after the Company&rsquo;s receipt of a Conversion Notice (whether via facsimile or otherwise)
(the &ldquo;<B>Share Delivery Deadline</B>&rdquo;), a certificate for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder
is entitled and register such shares of Common Stock on the Company&rsquo;s share register or to credit the Holder&rsquo;s or its
designee&rsquo;s balance account with DTC for such number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder&rsquo;s
conversion of any Conversion Amount (as the case may be) (a &ldquo;<B>Conversion Failure</B>&rdquo;) and if on or after such Share
Delivery Deadline the Holder (or any other Person in respect, or on behalf, of the Holder) purchases (in an open market transaction
or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of all or any portion of the number of
shares of Common Stock, or a sale of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to all or any portion of the number of shares of
Common Stock, issuable upon such conversion that the Holder so anticipated receiving from the Company, then, in addition to all
other remedies available to the Holder, the Company shall, within three (3) Business Days after receipt of the Holder&rsquo;s written
request and in the Holder&rsquo;s discretion, either (i) pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the Holder&rsquo;s total
purchase price (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased
(including, without limitation, by any other Person in respect, or on behalf, of the Holder) (the &ldquo;<B>Buy-In Price</B>&rdquo;),
at which point the Company&rsquo;s obligation to so issue and deliver such certificate or credit the Holder&rsquo;s balance account
with DTC for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder&rsquo;s conversion hereunder
(as the case may be) (and to issue such shares of Common Stock) shall terminate, or (ii) promptly honor its obligation to so issue
and deliver to the Holder a certificate or certificates representing such shares of Common Stock or credit the Holder&rsquo;s balance
account with DTC for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder&rsquo;s conversion hereunder
(as the case may be) and pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Buy-In Price over the product
of (A) such number of shares of Common Stock multiplied by (B) the lowest Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on any Trading
Day during the period commencing on the date of the applicable Conversion Notice and ending on the date of such issuance and payment
under this clause (ii).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Registration; Book-Entry</U>. The Trustee shall maintain a register (the &ldquo;<B>Register</B>&rdquo;) for the recordation
of the names and addresses of the holders of each Note and the principal amount of the Notes held by such holders (the &ldquo;<B>Registered
Notes</B>&rdquo;) as provided in Section 3.5 of the Indenture. No later than the first (1<SUP>st</SUP>) Trading Day after the completion
of any conversion or redemption of this Note, the Company shall deliver written confirmation to the Trustee that such conversion
or redemption, as applicable, has been completed in full, which confirmation shall set forth the aggregate Principal of this Note
then converted or redeemed, as applicable, and the remaining aggregate principal of this Note then outstanding. The entries in
the Register shall be conclusive and binding for all purposes absent manifest error. The Company and the holders of the Notes shall
treat each Person whose name is recorded in the Register as the owner of a Note for all purposes (including, without limitation,
the right to receive payments of Principal and Interest hereunder) notwithstanding notice to the contrary. A Registered Note may
be assigned, transferred or sold in whole or in part only by registration of such assignment or sale on the Register. Notwithstanding
anything to the contrary set forth in this Section 3 or in the Indenture or in the Series [A][B] Supplemental Indenture, following
conversion of any portion of this Note in accordance with the terms hereof, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender
this Note to the Company unless (A) the full Conversion Amount represented by this Note is being converted (in which event this
Note shall be delivered to the Company following conversion thereof as contemplated by Section 3(c)(i)) or (B) the Holder has provided
the Company with prior written notice (which notice may be included in a Conversion Notice) requesting reissuance of this Note
upon physical surrender of this Note. The Holder, the Trustee and the Company shall maintain records showing the Principal, Interest
and Late Charges, if any, converted and/or paid (as the case may be) and the dates of such conversions and/or payments (as the
case may be) or shall use such other method, reasonably satisfactory to the Holder and the Company, so as not to require physical
surrender of this Note upon conversion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(iv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Pro Rata Conversion; Disputes</U>. In the event that the Company receives a Conversion Notice from more than one holder
of Notes for the same Conversion Date and the Company can convert some, but not all, of such portions of the Notes submitted for
conversion, the Company, subject to Section 3(d), shall convert from each holder of Notes electing to have Notes converted on such
date a pro rata amount of such holder&rsquo;s portion of its Notes submitted for conversion based on the principal amount of Notes
submitted for conversion on such date by such holder relative to the aggregate principal amount of all Notes submitted for conversion
on such date. In the event of a dispute as to the number of shares of Common Stock issuable to the Holder in connection with a
conversion of this Note, the Company shall issue to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock not in dispute and resolve
such dispute in accordance with Section 22.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Limitations on Conversions</U>.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Beneficial Ownership</U>. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Note, this Note shall not be convertible
by the Holder hereof, and the Company shall not effect any conversion of this Note or otherwise issue any shares of Common Stock
pursuant hereto, to the extent (but only to the extent) that after giving effect to such conversion or other share issuance hereunder
the Holder (together with its affiliates and joint actors) would beneficially own in excess of 9.99% (the &ldquo;<B>Maximum Percentage</B>&rdquo;)
of the Common&nbsp;Stock. To the extent the above limitation applies, the determination of whether this Note shall be convertible
(vis-&agrave;-vis other convertible, exercisable or exchangeable securities owned by the Holder or any of its affiliates) and of
which such securities shall be convertible (as among all such securities owned by the Holder) shall, subject to such Maximum Percentage
limitation, be made on the basis of the first submission to the Company for conversion, exercise or exchange (as the case may be).
For purposes of the first sentence of this paragraph, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by such
Person and its affiliates and joint actors shall include the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of this
Note with respect to which the determination is being made, but shall exclude shares of Common Stock which would be issuable upon
(i) conversion of the remaining, unconverted portion of this Note beneficially owned by such Person and its affiliates or joint
actors and (ii) exercise or conversion of the unexercised or unconverted portion of any other securities of the Company beneficially
owned by such Person or its affiliates and joint actors (including, without limitation, any Series [B][A] Notes, any other convertible
notes or convertible preferred shares), which in each case is subject to a limitation on conversion or exercise analogous to the
limitation contained herein. For the purposes of this paragraph, beneficial ownership and all determinations and calculations (including,
without limitation, with respect to calculations of percentage ownership) shall be determined in accordance with Section 13(d)
of the 1934 Act (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, except
as set forth in the preceding sentence. No prior inability to convert this Note pursuant to this paragraph shall have any effect
on the applicability of the provisions of this paragraph with respect to any subsequent determination of convertibility. The provisions
of this paragraph shall be implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this paragraph to correct
this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Maximum Percentage beneficial ownership
limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such Maximum Percentage
limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor Holder of this Note. The holders of Common Stock
shall be third party beneficiaries of this paragraph and the Company may not waive this paragraph without the consent of holders
of a majority of its Common Stock. For any reason at any time, upon the written or oral request of the Holder, the Company shall
within one (1) Business Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding,
including by virtue of any prior conversion or exercise of convertible or exercisable securities into Common Stock, including,
without limitation, pursuant to this Note or securities issued pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement. By written notice
to the Company, any Holder may increase or decrease the Maximum Percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99% specified
in such notice; provided that (i) any such increase will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to
the Company, and (ii) any such increase or decrease will apply only to the Holder sending such notice and not to any other holder
of Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Principal Market Regulation</U>. The Company shall not issue any shares of Common Stock upon conversion of this Note
or otherwise pursuant to the terms of this Note if the issuance of such shares of Common Stock would exceed the aggregate number
of shares of Common Stock which the Company may issue upon conversion or exercise (as the case may be) of the Notes and the Warrants
or otherwise pursuant to the terms of this Note without breaching the Company&rsquo;s obligations under the rules or regulations
of the Principal Market (the number of shares which may be issued without violating such rules and regulations, including rules
related to the aggregate of offerings under NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(d), the &ldquo;<B>Exchange Cap</B>&rdquo;), except that such
limitation shall not apply in the event that the Company (A) obtains the approval of its stockholders as required by the applicable
rules of the Principal Market for issuances of shares of Common Stock in excess of such amount or (B) obtains a written opinion
from outside counsel to the Company that such approval is not required, which opinion shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Holder.
Until such approval or such written opinion is obtained, no Buyer shall be issued in the aggregate, upon conversion or exercise
(as the case may be) of any Notes or any of the Warrants or otherwise pursuant to the terms of this Note, shares of Common Stock
in an amount greater than the product of (i) the Exchange Cap multiplied by (ii) the quotient of (1) the aggregate original principal
amount of Notes issued to such Buyer pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement on both the Series A Closing Date and the Series
B Closing Date (if such Closing Date has occurred) divided by (2) the aggregate original principal amount of all Notes issued to
the Buyers pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement both the Series A Closing Date and the Series B Closing Date (if such
Closing Date has occurred) (with respect to each Buyer, the &ldquo;<B>Exchange Cap Allocation</B>&rdquo;). In the event that any
Buyer shall sell or otherwise transfer any of such Buyer&rsquo;s Notes, the transferee shall be allocated a pro rata portion of
such Buyer&rsquo;s Exchange Cap Allocation with respect to such portion of such Notes so transferred, and the restrictions of the
prior sentence shall apply to such transferee with respect to the portion of the Exchange Cap Allocation so allocated to such transferee.
Upon conversion and exercise in full of a holder&rsquo;s Notes and Warrants, the difference (if any) between such holder&rsquo;s
Exchange Cap Allocation and the number of shares of Common Stock actually issued to such holder upon such holder&rsquo;s conversion
in full of such holder&rsquo;s Notes and exercise in full of such Warrants shall be allocated to the respective Exchange Cap Allocations
of the remaining holders of Notes and Warrants on a pro rata basis in proportion to the shares of Common Stock underlying the Notes
and Warrants then held by each such holder. In the event that the Company is prohibited from issuing shares of Common Stock pursuant
to this Section 3(d)(ii) (the &ldquo;<B>Exchange Cap Shares</B>&rdquo;), the Company shall pay cash (each, an &ldquo;<B>Exchange
Cap Share Cancellation Amount</B>&rdquo;) in exchange for the cancellation of such shares of Common Stock at a price equal to the
sum of (i) the product of (x) such number of Exchange Cap Shares and (y) the greatest Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on
any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date the Holder delivers the applicable Conversion Notice with respect to such
Exchange Cap Shares to the Company and ending on the date of such issuance and payment under this Section 3(d)(ii) and (ii) to
the extent the Holder purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction
of a sale by the Holder of Exchange Cap Shares, any brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any, of the Holder
incurred in connection therewith.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">4.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>RIGHTS UPON EVENT OF DEFAULT</U>.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Event of Default</U>. Each of the following events shall constitute an &ldquo;<B>Event of Default</B>&rdquo;:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the suspension from trading or the failure of the Common Stock to be trading or listed (as applicable) on an Eligible Market
for a period of five (5) consecutive days;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company&rsquo;s (A) failure to cure a Conversion Failure or a Delivery Failure (as defined in the Warrants) by delivery
of the required number of shares of Common Stock within five (5) Trading Days after the applicable Conversion Date or exercise
date (as the case may be) or (B) notice, written or oral, to any holder of the Notes or Warrants, including, without limitation,
by way of public announcement or through any of its agents, at any time, of its intention not to comply, as required, with a request
for conversion of any Notes into shares of Common Stock that is requested in accordance with the provisions of the Notes, other
than pursuant to Section 3(d), or a request for exercise of any Warrants for shares of Common Stock in accordance with the provisions
of the Warrants;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company&rsquo;s failure to pay to the Holder any amount of Principal, Interest, Late Charges or other amounts when and
as due under this Note (including, without limitation, the Company&rsquo;s failure to pay any redemption payments or amounts hereunder)
or any other Transaction Document (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) or any other agreement, document, certificate
or other instrument delivered in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, except, in the case of a failure
to pay Interest and Late Charges when and as due, in which case only if such failure remains uncured for a period of at least five
(5) days;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(iv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company fails to remove any restrictive legend on any certificate or any shares of Common Stock issued to the Holder
upon conversion of any Securities acquired by the Holder under the Securities Purchase Agreement (including this Note) as and when
required by such Securities or the Securities Purchase Agreement, unless otherwise then prohibited by applicable state or federal
securities laws, and any such failure remains uncured for at least five (5) days;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(v)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the occurrence of any default under, redemption of or acceleration prior to maturity of Indebtedness (as defined in the
Securities Purchase Agreement) of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries, in the aggregate, in excess of $500,000;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(vi)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or liquidation proceedings or other proceedings for the relief of debtors shall be
instituted by or against the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary and, if instituted against the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary
by a third party, shall not be dismissed within thirty (30) days of their initiation;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(vii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the commencement by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of a voluntary case or proceeding under any applicable federal,
state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law or of any other case or proceeding to be adjudicated
a bankrupt or insolvent, or the consent by it to the entry of a decree, order, judgment or other similar document in respect of
the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in an involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable federal, state or foreign bankruptcy,
insolvency, reorganization or other similar law or to the commencement of any bankruptcy or insolvency case or proceeding against
it, or the filing by it of a petition or answer or consent seeking reorganization or relief under any applicable federal, state
or foreign law, or the consent by it to the filing of such petition or to the appointment of or taking possession by a custodian,
receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or
of any substantial part of its property, or the making by it of an assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the execution of
a composition of debts, or the occurrence of any other similar federal, state or foreign proceeding, or the admission by it in
writing of its inability to pay its debts generally as they become due, the taking of corporate action by the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary in furtherance of any such action or the taking of any action by any Person to commence a Uniform Commercial Code foreclosure
sale or any other similar action under federal, state or foreign law;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(viii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the entry by a court of (i) a decree, order, judgment or other similar document in respect of the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary of a voluntary or involuntary case or proceeding under any applicable federal, state or foreign bankruptcy, insolvency,
reorganization or other similar law or (ii) a decree, order, judgment or other similar document adjudging the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary as bankrupt or insolvent, or approving as properly filed a petition seeking liquidation, reorganization, arrangement,
adjustment or composition of or in respect of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary under any applicable federal, state or foreign
law or (iii) a decree, order, judgment or other similar document appointing a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee,
sequestrator or other similar official of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or of any substantial part of its property,
or ordering the winding up or liquidation of its affairs, and, the continuance of any such decree, order, judgment or other similar
document or any such other decree, order, judgment or other similar document unstayed and in effect for a period of thirty (30)
consecutive days;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(ix)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>a final judgment, judgments, any arbitration or mediation award or any settlement of any litigation or any other satisfaction
of any claim made by any Person pursuant to any litigation, as applicable, (each a &ldquo;<B>Judgment</B>&rdquo;, and collectively,
the &ldquo;<B>Judgments</B>&rdquo;) with respect to the payment of cash, securities and/or other assets with an aggregate fair
value (as determined in accordance with Section 2(b)(iv) of the Warrants) in excess of $300,000 are rendered against, agreed to
or otherwise accepted by, the Company and/or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries and which Judgments are not, within thirty (30)
days after the entry thereof, bonded, discharged or stayed pending appeal, or are not discharged within thirty (30) days after
the expiration of such stay; provided, however, any Judgment which is covered by insurance or an indemnity from a credit worthy
party shall not be included in calculating the $300,000 amount set forth above so long as the Company provides the Holder a written
statement from such insurer or indemnity provider (which written statement shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Holder) to the
effect that such Judgment is covered by insurance or an indemnity and the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary (as the case may
be) will receive the proceeds of such insurance or indemnity within thirty (30) days of the issuance of such Judgment;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(x)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company and/or any Restricted Subsidiary, individually or in the aggregate, either (i) fails to pay, when due, or within
any applicable grace period, any payment with respect to any Indebtedness in excess of $300,000 due to any third party (other than,
with respect to unsecured Indebtedness only, payments contested by the Company and/or such Restricted Subsidiary (as the case may
be) in good faith by proper proceedings and with respect to which adequate reserves have been set aside for the payment thereof
in accordance with GAAP) or is otherwise in breach or violation of any agreement for monies owed or owing in an amount in excess
of $300,000, which breach or violation permits the other party thereto to declare a default or otherwise accelerate amounts due
thereunder, or (ii) suffer to exist any other circumstance or event that would, with or without the passage of time or the giving
of notice, result in a default or event of default under any agreement binding the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, which
default or event of default would or is likely to have a material adverse effect on the business, assets, operations (including
results thereof), liabilities, properties, condition (including financial condition) or prospects of the Company or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries, individually or in the aggregate;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(xi)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>other than as specifically set forth in another clause of this Section 4(a),<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> </FONT>the Company
or any Restricted Subsidiary breaches any representation, warranty, covenant or other term or condition of any Transaction Document
(as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement), and only in the case of a breach of a covenant or other term or condition that
is curable, only if such breach remains uncured for a period of ten (10) consecutive Trading Days;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(xii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>any breach or failure in any respect by the Company or any Subsidiary to comply with any provisions of Section 10 or 13
of this Note or Section 2.16 of the  [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(xiii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>any breach or failure in any respect by (A) the holders of the Senior Unsecured Notes to comply with the terms of the Senior
Unsecured Notes Amendment (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) or (B) Neil Koehler to comply with the terms of the
Koehler Amendment (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(xiv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>any provision of any Transaction Document (shall at any time for any reason (other than pursuant to the express terms thereof)
cease to be valid and binding on or enforceable against the parties thereto, or the validity or enforceability thereof shall be
contested by any party thereto, or a proceeding shall be commenced by the Company or any Subsidiary or any governmental authority
having jurisdiction over any of them, seeking to establish the invalidity or unenforceability thereof, or the Company or any Subsidiary
shall deny in writing that it has any liability or obligation purported to be created under any Transaction Document to which it
is a party; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">(xv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>any Event of Default (as defined in the Other Notes) occurs with respect to any Other Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Redemption Right</U>. Upon the occurrence of an Event of Default with respect to this Note, the Company shall promptly
deliver written notice thereof via facsimile and overnight courier (with next day delivery specified) (an &ldquo;<B>Event of Default
Notice</B>&rdquo;) to the Holder and the Trustee. The obligation of the Company to deliver an Event of Default Notice is in addition
to, and may not be substituted by, the Trustee&rsquo;s delivery of notice of the same Event of Default to the Holder in accordance
with Section 6.2 of the Indenture. At any time after the earlier of the Holder&rsquo;s receipt of an Event of Default Notice and
the Holder becoming aware of an Event of Default (such earlier date, the &ldquo;<B>Event of Default Right Commencement Date</B>&rdquo;)
and ending (such ending date, the &ldquo;<B>Event of Default Right Expiration Date</B>&rdquo;) on the tenth (10<SUP>th</SUP>) Trading
Day after the later of (x) the date such Event of Default is cured and (y) the Holder&rsquo;s receipt of an Event of Default Notice
that includes (I) a reasonable description of the applicable Event of Default, (II) a certification as to whether, in the opinion
of the Company, such Event of Default is capable of being cured and, if applicable, a reasonable description of any existing plan
of the Company to cure such Event of Default and (III) a certification as to the date the Event of Default occurred and the applicable
Event of Default Right Expiration Date, the Holder may elect to redeem all or any portion of the Notes by delivering written notice
thereof (the &ldquo;<B>Event of Default Redemption Notice</B>&rdquo;) to the Company and the Trustee, which Event of Default Redemption
Notice shall indicate the portion of the Notes the Holder is electing to redeem. If the Company receives Event of Default Redemption
Notices from holders of Notes electing to redeem at least 20% of the principal amount of the Notes then outstanding prior to the
applicable Event of Default Expiration Date (the date of the Company&rsquo;s receipt of such notice, the &ldquo;<B>Event of Default
Redemption Trigger Date</B>&rdquo;), each portion of this Note subject to redemption by the Company pursuant to this Section 4(b)
shall be redeemed by the Company at a price equal to the greater of (i) the product of (A) the Conversion Amount to be redeemed
multiplied by (B) the Redemption Premium and (ii) the product of (X) the Conversion Rate with respect to the Conversion Amount
in effect at such time as the Holder delivers an Event of Default Redemption Notice multiplied by (Y) the product of (1) the Redemption
Premium multiplied by (2) the greatest Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing on
the date immediately preceding such Event of Default and ending on the date the Company makes the entire payment required to be
made under this Section 4(b) (the &ldquo;<B>Event of Default</B> <B>Redemption Price</B>&rdquo;). Redemptions required by this
Section 4(b) shall be made in accordance with the provisions of Section 11. To the extent redemptions required by this Section
4(b) are deemed or determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be prepayments of this Note by the Company, such redemptions
shall be deemed to be voluntary prepayments. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 4, but subject to Section
3(d), until the Event of Default Redemption Price (together with any Late Charges thereon) is paid in full, the Conversion Amount
submitted for redemption under this Section 4(b) (together with Late Charges thereon) may be converted, in whole or in part, by
the Holder into Common Stock pursuant to Section 3. In the event of a partial redemption of this Note pursuant hereto, the Principal
amount redeemed shall be deducted from the Installment Amount(s) relating to the applicable Installment Date(s) as set forth in
the Event of Default Redemption Notice. In the event of the Company&rsquo;s redemption of any portion of this Note under this Section
4(b), the Holder&rsquo;s damages would be uncertain and difficult to estimate because of the parties&rsquo; inability to predict
future interest rates and the uncertainty of the availability of a suitable substitute investment opportunity for the Holder. Accordingly,
any redemption premium due under this Section 4(b) is intended by the parties to be, and shall be deemed, a reasonable estimate
of the Holder&rsquo;s actual loss of its investment opportunity and not as a penalty.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>RIGHTS UPON FUNDAMENTAL TRANSACTION</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Assumption</U>. The Company shall not consummate a Fundamental Transaction unless the Successor Entity (if different
than the Company) assumes in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Note and the other Transaction Documents
in accordance with the provisions of this Section 5(a), including agreements to deliver to each holder of Notes in exchange for
such Notes a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written instrument substantially similar in form and substance to
the Notes, including, without limitation, having a principal amount and interest rate equal to the principal amounts then outstanding
and the interest rates of the Notes held by such holder, having similar conversion rights as the Notes and having similar ranking
to the Notes. Upon the occurrence of any Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for
(so that from and after the date of such Fundamental Transaction, the provisions of this Note and the other Transaction Documents
referring to the &ldquo;Company&rdquo; shall refer instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of
the Company and shall assume all of the obligations of the Company under this Note and the other Transaction Documents with the
same effect as if such Successor Entity had been named as the Company herein. Upon consummation of a Fundamental Transaction, the
Successor Entity (if different than the Company) shall deliver to the Holder confirmation that there shall be issued upon conversion
or redemption of this Note at any time after the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction, in lieu of the shares of the Company&rsquo;s
Common Stock (or other securities, cash, assets or other property (except such items still issuable under Sections 6 and 14, which
shall continue to be receivable thereafter) issuable upon the conversion or redemption of the Notes prior to such Fundamental Transaction,
such shares of the common stock (or their equivalent) of the Successor Entity (including its Parent Entity) which the Holder would
have been entitled to receive upon the happening of such Fundamental Transaction had this Note been converted immediately prior
to such Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitations on the conversion of this Note, except to the extent prohibited
by the rules and regulations of the Principal Market), as adjusted in accordance with the provisions of this Note. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the Holder may elect, at its sole option, by delivery of written notice to the Company to waive this Section 5(a)
to permit the Fundamental Transaction without the assumption of this Note. The provisions of this Section 5 shall apply similarly
and equally to successive Fundamental Transactions and shall be applied without regard to any limitations on the conversion of
this Note.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Redemption Right</U>. No earlier than twenty (20) Trading Days nor later than ten (10) Trading Days prior to the consummation
of a Change of Control, but not prior to the public announcement of such Change of Control, the Company shall deliver written notice
thereof via facsimile and overnight courier to the Holder and the Trustee (a &ldquo;<B>Change of Control</B> <B>Notice</B>&rdquo;).
At any time and from time to time during the period commencing on the earlier to occur of (x) any oral or written agreement by
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, which upon consummation of the transaction contemplated thereby would reasonably be expected
to result in a Change of Control, (y) the Holder becoming aware of a Change of Control and (z) the Holder&rsquo;s receipt of a
Change of Control Notice, and ending on the later of twenty (20) Trading Days after (A) consummation of such Change of Control
or (B) the date of receipt of such Change of Control Notice, the Holder may require the Company to redeem all or any portion of
the Notes by delivering written notice thereof (&ldquo;<B>Change of Control Redemption Notice</B>&rdquo;) to the Company and the
Trustee, which Change of Control Redemption Notice shall indicate the Conversion Amount the Holder is electing to redeem. The portion
of this Note subject to redemption pursuant to this Section 5 shall be redeemed by the Company in cash at a price equal to the
greater of (i) the product of (x) the Change of Control Redemption Premium multiplied by (y) the Conversion Amount being redeemed,
(ii) the product of (x) the Change of Control Redemption Premium multiplied by (y) the product of (A) the Conversion Amount being
redeemed multiplied by (B) the quotient determined by dividing (I) the greatest Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock during the
period beginning on the date immediately preceding the earlier to occur of (1) the consummation of the Change of Control and (2)
the public announcement of such Change of Control and ending on the Trading Day immediately prior to the Trading Day during which
the Company pays the Change of Control Redemption Price (as defined below) to the holders of the Notes (the &ldquo;<B>Change of
Control Measuring Period</B>&rdquo;)<FONT STYLE="color: black"> </FONT>by (II) the Conversion Price then in effect, or (iii) the
product of (x) the Change of Control Redemption Premium multiplied by (y) the product of (A) the Conversion Amount being redeemed
multiplied by (B) the quotient of (I) the aggregate cash consideration and the aggregate cash value of any non-cash consideration
per share of Common Stock to be paid to the holders of the shares of Common Stock upon consummation of such Change of Control (any
such non-cash consideration constituting publicly-traded securities shall be valued at the highest of the Closing Sale Price of
such securities as of the Trading Day immediately prior to the consummation of such Change of Control, the Closing Sale Price of
such securities on the Trading Day immediately following the public announcement of such proposed Change of Control and the Closing
Sale Price of such securities on the Trading Day immediately prior to the public announcement of such proposed Change of Control)
divided by (II) the Conversion Price then in effect (the &ldquo;<B>Change of Control Redemption Price</B>&rdquo;). Redemptions
required by this Section 5 shall be made in accordance with the provisions of Section 11 and shall have priority to payments to
stockholders in connection with such Change of Control. To the extent redemptions required by this Section 5(b) are deemed or determined
by a court of competent jurisdiction to be prepayments of this Note by the Company, such redemptions shall be deemed to be voluntary
prepayments. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 5, but subject to Section 3(d), until the Change of Control
Redemption Price (together with Late Charges thereon) is paid in full, the Conversion Amount submitted for redemption under this
Section 5(b) (together with Late Charges thereon) may be converted, in whole or in part, by the Holder into Common Stock pursuant
to Section 3. In the event of a partial redemption of this Note pursuant hereto, the Principal amount redeemed shall be deducted
from the Installment Amount(s) relating to the applicable Installment Date(s) as set forth in the Change of Control Redemption
Notice. In the event of the Company&rsquo;s redemption of any portion of this Note under this Section 5(b), the Holder&rsquo;s
damages would be uncertain and difficult to estimate because of the parties&rsquo; inability to predict future interest rates and
the uncertainty of the availability of a suitable substitute investment opportunity for the Holder. Accordingly, any redemption
premium due under this Section 5(b) is intended by the parties to be, and shall be deemed, a reasonable estimate of the Holder&rsquo;s
actual loss of its investment opportunity and not as a penalty.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>RIGHTS UPON OTHER CORPORATE EVENTS</U>. In addition to and not in substitution for any other rights hereunder, prior
to the consummation of any Fundamental Transaction pursuant to which holders of shares of Common Stock are entitled to receive
securities or other assets with respect to or in exchange for shares of Common Stock (a &ldquo;<B>Corporate Event</B>&rdquo;),
the Company shall make appropriate provision to insure that the Holder will thereafter have the right to receive upon a conversion
of this Note in lieu of the shares of Common Stock otherwise receivable upon such conversion, such securities or other assets received
by the holders of shares of Common Stock in connection with the consummation of such Corporate Event in such amounts as the Holder
would have been entitled to receive had this Note initially been issued with conversion rights for the form of such consideration
(as opposed to shares of Common Stock) at a conversion rate for such consideration commensurate with the Conversion Rate. Provision
made pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be in a form and substance satisfactory to the Required Holders. The provisions of
this Section 6 shall apply similarly and equally to successive Corporate Events and shall be applied without regard to any limitations
on the conversion or redemption of this Note.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">7.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>RIGHTS UPON ISSUANCE OF OTHER SECURITIES</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Adjustment of Conversion Price upon Subdivision or Combination of Common Stock</U>. Without limiting any provision of
Section 5, if the Company at any time on or after the Subscription Date subdivides (by any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization
or otherwise) one or more classes of its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a greater number of shares, the Conversion Price
in effect immediately prior to such subdivision will be proportionately reduced. Without limiting any provision of Section 5, if
the Company at any time on or after the Subscription Date combines (by combination, reverse stock split or otherwise) one or more
classes of its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, the Conversion Price in effect immediately prior
to such combination will be proportionately increased. Any adjustment pursuant to this Section 7(a) shall become effective immediately
after the effective date of such subdivision or combination. If any event requiring an adjustment under this Section 7(a) occurs
during the period that a Conversion Price is calculated hereunder, then the calculation of such Conversion Price shall be adjusted
appropriately to reflect such event.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Holder's Right of Alternative Conversion Price Following Issuance of Certain Options or Convertible Securities</U>. Subject
to Section 4(q) of the Securities Purchase Agreement, in addition to and not in limitation of the other provisions of this Section
7, if the Company in any manner issues or sells or enters into any agreement to issue or sell, any Common Stock, Options or Convertible
Securities (other than the Notes) (any such securities, &ldquo;<B>Variable Price Securities</B>&rdquo;) after the Subscription
Date that are issuable pursuant to such agreement or convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of Common Stock
pursuant to such Options or Convertible Securities, as applicable, at a price which varies or may vary with the market price of
the shares of Common Stock, including by way of one or more reset(s) to a fixed price, but exclusive of such formulations reflecting
customary anti-dilution provisions (such as share splits, share combinations, share dividends and similar transactions) (each of
the formulations for such variable price being herein referred to as, the &ldquo;<B>Variable Price</B>&rdquo;), the Company shall
provide written notice thereof via facsimile and overnight courier to the Holder on the date of such agreement and/or the issuance
of such Convertible Securities or Options, as applicable. Subject to Section 4(q) of the Securities Purchase Agreement, from and
after the date the Company enters into such agreement or issues any such Variable Price Securities, the Holder shall have the right,
but not the obligation, in its sole discretion to substitute the Variable Price for the Conversion Price upon conversion of this
Note by designating in the Conversion Notice delivered upon any conversion of this Note that solely for purposes of such conversion
the Holder is relying on the Variable Price rather than the Conversion Price then in effect. The Holder&rsquo;s election to rely
on a Variable Price for a particular conversion of this Note shall not obligate the Holder to rely on a Variable Price for any
future conversion of this Note.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Other Events</U>. In the event that the Company (or any Subsidiary) shall take any action to which the provisions hereof
are not strictly applicable, or, if applicable, would not operate to protect the Holder from dilution or if any event occurs of
the type contemplated by the provisions of this Section 7 but not expressly provided for by such provisions (including, without
limitation, the granting of stock appreciation rights, phantom stock rights or other rights with equity features), then the Company&rsquo;s
board of directors shall in good faith determine and implement an appropriate adjustment in the Conversion Price so as to protect
the rights of the Holder, provided that no such adjustment pursuant to this Section 7(c) will increase the Conversion Price as
otherwise determined pursuant to this Section 7, provided further that if the Holder does not accept such adjustments as appropriately
protecting its interests hereunder against such dilution, then the Company&rsquo;s board of directors and the Holder shall agree,
in good faith, upon an independent investment bank of nationally recognized standing to make such appropriate adjustments, whose
determination shall be final and binding and whose fees and expenses shall be borne by the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Calculations</U>. All calculations under this Section 77 shall be made by rounding to the nearest cent or the nearest
1/100<SUP>th</SUP> of a share, as applicable. The number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at any given time shall not include
shares owned or held by or for the account of the Company, and the disposition of any such shares shall be considered an issue
or sale of Common Stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">8.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>COMPANY INSTALLMENT CONVERSION OR REDEMPTION</U>.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>General</U>. On each applicable Installment Date, the Company shall pay to the Holder of this Note the applicable Installment
Amount due on such date by converting such Installment Amount in accordance with this Section 8 (a &ldquo;<B>Company Conversion</B>&rdquo;);
provided, however, the Company may, at its option as described below, pay all or any part of such Installment Amount by redeeming
such Installment Amount in cash (a &ldquo;<B>Company Redemption</B>&rdquo;) or by any combination of a Company Conversion and a
Company Redemption so long as the entire amount of such Installment Amount due shall be converted and/or redeemed by the Company
on the applicable Installment Date, subject to the provisions of this Section 8, provided further that the Company shall not be
entitled to elect a Company Conversion with respect to any portion of such Installment Amount and shall be required to elect and
to pay the entire amount of such Installment Amount in cash pursuant to a Company Redemption if on the applicable Installment Notice
Due Date or on the applicable Installment Date (as the case may be) there is an Equity Conditions Failure (unless waived in writing
by the Holder). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if (i) the Company has elected to effect a Company Conversion pursuant to this Section
88 with respect to the applicable Installment Date, (ii) the Company is permitted pursuant to this Section 8 to effect such Company
Conversion on such Installment Date and (iii) prior to such Installment Date the Holder has delivered (via facsimile or otherwise)
to the Company and the Trustee a written notice (a &ldquo;<B>Blocker Notice</B>&rdquo;) (A) stating that such Company Conversion
would result in a violation of Section 3(d)(i) and (B) specifying the portion of the applicable Installment Amount with respect
to which such Company Conversion would result in a violation of Section 3(d)3(d)(i) if such Company Conversion were effected (such
amount so specified is referred to herein as the &ldquo;<B>Designated</B> <B>Specified Amount</B>&rdquo;), the Installment Amount
of the Holder for such Installment Date shall be automatically reduced by such Designated Specified Amount; provided, that (x)
at the Holder&rsquo;s option, at any time prior to the applicable Installment Date, the Holder may reduce the Designated Specified
Amount of shares of Common Stock covered by such Blocker Notice, in whole or in part, by delivery of one or more written notices
to the Company and the Trustee (each, a &ldquo;<B>Withdrawal Notice</B>&rdquo;, and each date, a &ldquo;<B>Withdrawal Notice Date</B>&rdquo;)
and elect to convert the Designated Specified Amount (or such lesser amount as set forth in the Withdrawal Notice) in accordance
with this Section 8 (each a &ldquo;<B>Withdrawn Designated Specified Amount</B>&rdquo;) and (B) the Installment Amount with respect
to such Installment Date shall be automatically increased by an amount equal to the sum of any Withdrawn Designated Specified Amounts
set forth in Withdrawal Notices of the Holder with respect to such Installment Date delivered to the Company prior to such Installment
Date and (y) either (A) if such Installment Date is prior to the Maturity Date, the Installment Amount of the immediately subsequent
Installment Date shall be automatically increased by the Designated Specified Amount (less an amount equal to the sum of any Withdrawn
Designated Specified Amounts set forth in Withdrawal Notices of the Holder delivered with respect to such Installment Date) or
(Y) if such Installment Date is the Maturity Date, such Designated Specified Amount shall automatically increase the Company Redemption
Amount to be paid in cash on the Maturity Date.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Mechanics of Company Installment Payments</U>. On or prior to the date which is ten (10) calendar days prior to each
Installment Date (each, an &ldquo;<B>Installment Notice Due Date</B>&rdquo;), the Company shall deliver written notice (each, a
&ldquo;<B>Company Installment Notice</B>&rdquo; and the date the Trustee and all of the holders receive such notice is referred
to as to the &ldquo;<B>Company Installment Notice Date</B>&rdquo;), to the Trustee and each holder of Notes and such Company Installment
Notice shall (i) either (A) confirm that the applicable Installment Amount of such holder&rsquo;s Note shall be converted, in whole
or in part, pursuant to a Company Conversion or (B) specify the portion of the applicable Installment Amount which the Company
elects, or is required to elect and redeem, pursuant to a Company Redemption (the &ldquo;<B>Company Redemption Amount</B>&rdquo;)
and the portion of the applicable Installment Amount, if any, that the Company elects, and is permitted to convert pursuant to
a Company Conversion (the &ldquo;<B>Company Conversion Amount</B>&rdquo;), which amounts when added together, must equal the entire
applicable Installment Amount and (ii) if the applicable Installment Amount is to be paid, in whole or in part, pursuant to a Company
Conversion, certify that there is not then an Equity Conditions Failure as of the date of the Company Installment Notice. Each
Company Installment Notice shall be irrevocable. If the Company does not timely deliver a Company Installment Notice in accordance
with this Section 88, then the Company shall be deemed to have delivered an irrevocable Company Installment Notice as of the applicable
Installment Notice Due Date confirming a Company Conversion and shall be deemed to have certified as of the applicable Installment
Notice Due Date that there is not then an Equity Conditions Failure in connection with such Company Conversion.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<U>Mechanics of Company Conversion</U>. Subject to Section 3(d), if the Company delivers a Company Installment Notice and elects,
or is deemed to have delivered a Company Installment Notice and deemed to have elected, in whole or in part, a Company Conversion
in accordance with Section 8(b), then the remainder of this Section 8(c) shall apply. On each Installment Date, any outstanding
Company Conversion Amount shall be converted as of such Installment Date at the Company Conversion Price and the Company shall,
on the applicable Installment Date, deliver to the Holder&rsquo;s account with DTC such shares of Common Stock issued upon such
conversion (subject to the reduction contemplated by the immediately following sentence and, if applicable, the last sentence
of this Section 8(c)), provided that the Equity Conditions are then satisfied (or waived in writing by the Holder) on such Installment
Date and a Company Conversion is not otherwise prohibited under any other provision of this Note. If any of the Equity Conditions
are not satisfied (or waived in writing by the Holder) on such Installment Date or a Company Conversion is not otherwise permitted
under any other provision of this Note, then, at the option of the Holder designated in writing to the Company and, in the event
the Holder elects a redemption, the Trustee (i) the Holder may require the Company to do any one or more of the following: the
Company shall redeem in cash, as designated by the Holder, all or any part of the Company Conversion Amount (together with any
Designated Specified Amount specified in a Blocker Notice delivered with respect to any Company Conversion for such Installment
Date) (such designated amount, together with such Designated Specified Amount, if any, is referred to as the &ldquo;<B>Designated
Redemption Amount</B>&rdquo;) and the Company shall pay to the Holder within three (3) Business Days of such Installment Date,
by wire transfer of immediately available funds, an amount in cash equal to 115% of such Designated Redemption Amount, and/or
(ii) cause the Company Conversion to be null and void with respect to such Designated Redemption Amount; provided, however, the
Conversion Price for such Designated Redemption Amount shall thereafter be adjusted to equal the lesser of (A) the Company Conversion
Price as in effect on the date on which the Holder voided the Company Conversion and (B) the Company Conversion Price that would
be in effect on the date on which the Holder delivers a Conversion Notice relating thereto as if such date was an Installment
Date. The Holder shall be entitled to all the rights of a holder of this Note with respect to such Designated Redemption Amount.
If the Company fails to redeem any Designated Redemption Amount by the third (3<SUP>rd</SUP>) Trading Day following the applicable
Installment Date by payment of such amount on the applicable Installment Date, then the Holder shall have the rights set forth
in Section 11(a) as if the Company failed to pay the applicable Company Installment Redemption Price (as defined below) and all
other rights under this Note. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 8(c), but subject to Section 3(d), until
the Company delivers Common Stock representing the Company Conversion Amount to the Holder, the Company Conversion Amount may
be converted, in whole or in part, by the Holder into Common Stock pursuant to Section 3, in which event the Company Conversion
Amount so converted shall be deducted from the Installment Amount(s) relating to the applicable Installment Date(s) as set forth
in the applicable Conversion Notice. The Company shall pay any and all taxes that may be payable with respect to the issuance
and delivery of any shares of Common Stock in any Company Conversion hereunder.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Mechanics of Company Redemption</U>. If the Company elects, or is required to elect, a Company Redemption, in whole or
in part, in accordance with Section 8(b), then the Company Redemption Amount, if any, which is to be paid to the Holder on the
applicable Installment Date shall be redeemed by the Company, or at the Company&rsquo;s election, by the Trustee, on such Installment
Date, and the Company, or Trustee, as applicable, shall pay to the Holder on such Installment Date, by wire transfer of immediately
available funds in an amount in cash (the &ldquo;<B>Company Installment Redemption Price</B>&rdquo;) equal to the applicable Company
Redemption Amount. If the Company fails to redeem the applicable Company Redemption Amount on the applicable Installment Date,
then, at the option of the Holder designated in writing to the Company and the Trustee (any such designation shall be a &ldquo;Conversion
Notice&rdquo; for purposes of this Note), the Holder may require the Company to convert all or any part of the Company Redemption
Amount at the Company Conversion Price (determined as of the date of such designation). Conversions required by this Section 8(d)8(d)
shall be made in accordance with the provisions of Section 3(c). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 8(d),
but subject to Section 3(d), until the Company Installment Redemption Price (together with any Late Charges thereon) is paid in
full, the Company Redemption Amount (together with any Late Charges thereon) may be converted, in whole or in part, by the Holder
into Common Stock pursuant to Section 3. In the event the Holder elects to convert all or any portion of the Company Redemption
Amount prior to the applicable Installment Date as set forth in the immediately preceding sentence, the portion of the Company
Redemption Amount so converted shall be deducted from the Installment Amounts relating to the applicable Installment Date(s) as
set forth in the applicable Conversion Notice. Redemptions required by this Section 8(d) shall be made in accordance with the provisions
of Section 11.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Deferred Installment Amount</U>. Notwithstanding any provision of this Section 8 to the contrary, the Holder may, at
its option and in its sole discretion, deliver a written notice to the Company and the Trustee no later than the Trading Day immediately
prior to the applicable Installment Date (the &ldquo;<B>Installment Notification Deadline Date</B>&rdquo;) electing to have the
payment of all or any portion of an Installment Amount payable on such Installment Date deferred (such amount deferred, the &ldquo;<B>Deferral
Amount</B>&rdquo;) <FONT STYLE="color: black">until any subsequent Installment Date selected by the Holder, in its sole discretion,
in which case, the Deferral Amount shall be added to, and become part of, such subsequent Installment Amount and such Deferral
Amount shall continue to accrue Interest hereunder. Any notice delivered by the Holder pursuant to this Section 8(d) shall set
forth (i) the Deferral Amount and (ii) the date that such Deferral Amount shall now be payable.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Conversion of Installment Amounts</U>. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, during the period commencing
on an Installment Date (a &ldquo;<B>Current Installment Date</B>&rdquo;) and ending on the Trading Day immediately prior to the
next Installment Date, at the option of the Holder, at one or more times, the Holder may convert other Installment Amounts, in
whole or in part, at the Company Conversion Price of such Current Installment Date in accordance with the conversion procedures
set forth in Section 3 hereunder, <I>mutatis mutandis</I>. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Installment Date,
the Holder may not elect to effect any conversion of any other Installment Amounts pursuant to this Section 8(f), in the aggregate,
in excess of the sum of four (4) other Installment Amounts (or, if the Company has elected to effect a Company Conversion with
respect to the entire Installment Amount of such Installment Date, three (3) other Installment Amounts) (collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Installment
Adjustment Limitation</B>&rdquo;); provided, further that if any Event of Default described in Sections 4(a)(vi) through 4(a)(viii)
has occurred and is continuing (or, if by replacing &ldquo;Restricted Subsidiary&rdquo; with &ldquo;Subsidiary&rdquo; therein,
would have occurred or would be continuing), the Installment Adjustment Limitation shall no longer apply to this Note and the &ldquo;Company
Conversion Price&rdquo; thereafter for purposes of this Section 8(f) shall equal the lesser of (x) the Company Conversion Price
with respect to such Current Installment Date and (y) the applicable Installment Adjustment Conversion Price.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">9.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>NONCIRCUMVENTION</U>. The Company hereby covenants and agrees that the Company will not, by amendment of its Certificate
of Incorporation (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement), Bylaws (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) or
through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, scheme of arrangement, dissolution, issue or sale of securities,
or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Note, and will
at all times in good faith carry out all of the provisions of this Note and take all action as may be required to protect the rights
of the Holder of this Note. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company (i)&nbsp;shall not increase the par value
of any shares of Common Stock receivable upon conversion of this Note above the Company Conversion Price with respect to the Installment
Date occurring in the calendar month in which such increase occurs, (ii)&nbsp;shall take all such actions as may be necessary or
appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock upon the
conversion of this Note, and (iii) shall, so long as any of the Notes are outstanding, take all action reasonably necessary to
reserve and keep available out of its authorized and unissued shares of Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the conversion
of the Notes, the maximum number of shares of Common Stock as shall from time to time be necessary to effect the conversion of
the Notes then outstanding (without regard to any limitations on conversion).</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">10.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>RESERVATION OF AUTHORIZED SHARES</U>.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Reservation</U>. The Company shall initially reserve out of its authorized and unissued Common Stock and for so long
as any of the Notes are outstanding, the Company shall take all action necessary to reserve and keep available out of its authorized
and unissued Common Stock, such number of shares of Common Stock for each of the Notes equal to (x) if prior to the earlier to
occur of (A) the Stockholder Approval Date (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) and (B) the Series B Closing Expiration
Date (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) (such earlier date, the &ldquo;<B>Reservation Requirement Date</B>&rdquo;),
30,000,000 shares of Common Stock for issuance upon conversion and/or upon payment of any other amounts due under the Notes and
(y) if on or after the Reservation Requirement Date, the sum of (i) 125% of the maximum number of Conversion Shares issued and
issuable pursuant to the Notes (determined without taking into account any limitations on the conversion of the Notes set forth
therein and assuming that the Notes are convertible at the Company Conversion Price with respect to the Installment Date of the
calendar month in which such time of determination occurs and all Series B Notes issuable pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement
have been issued) and (ii) 125% of the maximum number of Interest Shares (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) issued
and issuable pursuant to the terms of the Notes from the Series A Closing Date through the maturity date of the Series B Notes
(determined without taking into account any limitations on the conversion of the Notes set forth therein and assuming that all
Series B Notes issuable pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement have been issued) (collectively, the &ldquo;<B>Required Reserve
Amount</B>&rdquo;). The initial number of shares of Common Stock reserved for conversions of the Notes and each increase in the
number of shares so reserved shall be allocated pro rata among the holders of the Notes based on the original principal amount
of the Notes held by each holder on the Series A Closing Date or increase in the number of reserved shares (as the case may be)
(the &ldquo;<B>Authorized Share Allocation</B>&rdquo;). In the event that a holder shall sell or otherwise transfer any of such
holder&rsquo;s Notes, each transferee shall be allocated a pro rata portion of such holder&rsquo;s Authorized Share Allocation.
Any shares of Common Stock reserved and allocated to any Person which ceases to hold any Notes shall be allocated to the remaining
holders of Notes, pro rata based on the principal amount of the Notes then held by such holders.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Insufficient Authorized Shares</U>. If, notwithstanding Section 10(a), and not in limitation thereof, at any time while
any of the Notes remain outstanding the Company does not have a sufficient number of authorized and otherwise unreserved shares
of Common Stock to satisfy its obligation to reserve for issuance upon conversion of the Notes at least a number of shares of Common
Stock equal to the Required Reserve Amount (an &ldquo;<B>Authorized Share Failure</B>&rdquo;), then the Company shall immediately
take all action reasonably necessary to increase the Company&rsquo;s authorized shares of Common Stock to an amount sufficient
to allow the Company to reserve the Required Reserve Amount for the Notes then outstanding. Without limiting the generality of
the foregoing sentence, as soon as practicable after the date of the occurrence of an Authorized Share Failure, but in no event
later than ninety (90) days after the occurrence of such Authorized Share Failure, the Company shall hold a meeting of its stockholders
for the approval of an increase in the number of authorized shares of Common Stock. In connection with such meeting, the Company
shall provide each stockholder with a proxy statement and shall use its reasonable best efforts to solicit its stockholders&rsquo;
approval of such increase in authorized shares of Common Stock and to cause its board of directors to recommend to the stockholders
that they approve such proposal. In the event that the Company is prohibited from issuing shares of Common Stock upon any conversion
due to the failure by the Company to have sufficient shares of Common Stock available out of the authorized but unissued shares
of Common Stock (such unavailable number of shares of Common Stock, the &ldquo;<B>Authorization Failure Shares</B>&rdquo;), in
lieu of delivering such Authorization Failure Shares to the Holder, the Company shall pay cash (each, an &ldquo;<B>Authorized Failure
Share Cancellation Amount</B>&rdquo;) in exchange for the redemption of such portion of the Conversion Amount convertible into
such Authorized Failure Shares at an amount equal to the sum of (i) the product of (x) such number of Authorization Failure Shares
and (y) the greatest Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date the Holder
delivers the applicable Conversion Notice with respect to such Authorization Failure Shares to the Company and ending on the date
of such issuance and payment under this Section 10(b) and (ii) to the extent the Holder purchases (in an open market transaction
or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of Authorization Failure Shares, any brokerage
commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any, of the Holder incurred in connection therewith. Nothing contained in Section
10(a) or this Section 10(b) shall limit any obligations of the Company under any provision of the Securities Purchase Agreement.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">11.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>REDEMPTIONS</U>.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Mechanics</U>. The Company, or at the Company&rsquo;s direction, the Trustee, shall deliver the applicable Event of Default
Redemption Price to the Holder in cash within five (5) Business Days after the later of (x) the Company&rsquo;s receipt of the
Holder&rsquo;s Event of Default Redemption Notice and (y) the applicable Event of Default Redemption Trigger Date. If the Holder
has submitted a Change of Control Redemption Notice in accordance with Section 5(b), the Company, or at the Company&rsquo;s direction,
the Trustee, shall deliver the applicable Change of Control Redemption Price to the Holder in cash concurrently with the consummation
of such Change of Control if such notice is received prior to the consummation of such Change of Control and within five (5) Business
Days after the Company&rsquo;s receipt of such notice otherwise. The Company, or at the Company&rsquo;s direction, the Trustee,
shall deliver the applicable Company Installment Redemption Price to the Holder in cash on the applicable Installment Date. In
the event of a redemption of less than all of the Conversion Amount of this Note, the Company shall promptly cause to be issued,
following authentication of such new Note, and delivered to the Holder a new Note (in accordance with Section 17(d)) representing
the outstanding Principal which has not been redeemed. In the event that the Company does not pay the applicable Redemption Price
to the Holder within the time period required, at any time thereafter and until the Company pays such unpaid Redemption Price in
full, the Holder shall have the option, in lieu of redemption, to require the Company to promptly return to the Holder all or any
portion of this Note representing the Conversion Amount that was submitted for redemption and for which the applicable Redemption
Price (together with any Late Charges thereon) has not been paid. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, in connection
with any redemption hereunder at a time the Holder is entitled to receive a cash payment under any of the other Transaction Documents,
at the option of the Holder delivered in writing to the Company, the applicable Redemption Price hereunder shall be increased by
the amount of such cash payment owed to the Holder, in whole or in part as specified in such writing, under such other Transaction
Document and, upon payment in full or conversion in accordance herewith, shall satisfy the Company&rsquo;s payment obligation under
such other Transaction Document. Upon the Company&rsquo;s receipt of such notice, (x) the applicable Redemption Notice shall be
null and void with respect to such Conversion Amount and (y) the Company shall immediately return this Note, or issue a new, duly
authenticated Note (in accordance with Section 17(d)), to the Holder, and in each case the principal amount of this Note or
such new Note (as the case may be) shall be increased by an amount equal to the difference between (1) the applicable Event of
Default Redemption Price, Change of Control Redemption Price or Company Installment Redemption Price, as the case may be, minus
(2) the Conversion Amount submitted for redemption and (z) the Conversion Price of this Note or such new Notes (as the case may
be) shall be automatically adjusted with respect to each conversion effected thereafter by the Holder to the lowest of (A) the
lowest Company Conversion Price of the Installment Dates occurring during the period commencing on the date the Holder delivers
the applicable Redemption Notice and ending on the date the applicable Redemption Notice is voided and (B) 85% of the lowest Closing
Bid Price of the Common Stock during the period beginning on and including the date on which the applicable Redemption Notice is
delivered to the Company and ending on and including the date on which the applicable Redemption Notice is voided. The Holder&rsquo;s
delivery of a notice voiding a Redemption Notice and exercise of its rights following such notice shall not affect the Company&rsquo;s
obligations to make any payments of Late Charges which have accrued prior to the date of such notice with respect to the Conversion
Amount subject to such notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Redemption by Other Holders</U>. Upon the Company&rsquo;s receipt of notice from any of the holders of the Other Notes
that an event or occurrence substantially similar to the events or occurrences described in Section 4(b) or Section 5(b) has occurred,
the Company shall immediately, but no later than one (1) Business Day of its receipt thereof, forward to the Holder by facsimile
a copy of such notice (whether or not the Company agrees that such event or occurrence has occurred and/or is continuing). Upon
the Company&rsquo;s receipt of notice from any of the holders of the Other Notes for redemption or repayment as a result of an
event or occurrence substantially similar to the events or occurrences described in Section 4(b) or Section 5(b) (each, an &ldquo;<B>Other
Redemption Notice</B>&rdquo;), the Company shall immediately, but no later than one (1) Business Day of its receipt thereof, forward
to the Holder by facsimile a copy of such notice (whether or not the Company agrees that such event or occurrence has occurred
and/or is continuing). If the Company receives a Redemption Notice and one or more Other Redemption Notices, during the seven (7)
Business Day period beginning on and including the date which is three (3) Business Days prior to the Company&rsquo;s receipt of
the Holder&rsquo;s applicable Redemption Notice and ending on and including the date which is three (3) Business Days after the
Company&rsquo;s receipt of the Holder&rsquo;s applicable Redemption Notice and the Company is unable to redeem all principal, interest
and other amounts designated in such Redemption Notice and such Other Redemption Notices received during such seven (7) Business
Day period, then the Company shall redeem a pro rata amount from each holder of the Notes (including the Holder) based on the principal
amount of the Notes submitted for redemption pursuant to such Redemption Notice and such Other Redemption Notices received by the
Company during such seven (7) Business Day period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">12.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>VOTING RIGHTS</U>. The Holder shall have no voting rights as the holder of this Note, except as required by law (including,
but not limited to, the Delaware General Corporation Law), and as expressly provided in this Note.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">13.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>COVENANTS</U>. Until all of the Notes have been converted, redeemed or otherwise satisfied in accordance with their terms:</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Rank</U>. All payments due under this Note (i) shall rank <I>pari passu</I> with all Other Notes and the Permitted Indebtedness
described in clause (vi) of Section 28(ii) below and (ii) shall be senior to all other Indebtedness of the Company, other than
the Senior Unsecured Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Incurrence of Indebtedness</U>. The Company shall not, and the Company shall cause each of its Restricted Subsidiaries
to not, directly or indirectly, incur or guarantee, assume or suffer to exist any Indebtedness (other than (i) the Indebtedness
evidenced by this Note and the Other Notes and (ii) Permitted Indebtedness).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Existence of Liens</U>. The Company shall not, and the Company shall cause each of its Restricted Subsidiaries to not,
directly or indirectly, allow or suffer to exist any mortgage, lien, pledge, charge, security interest or other encumbrance upon
or in any property or assets owned by the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (collectively, &ldquo;<B>Liens</B>&rdquo;)
other than Permitted Liens.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Restricted Payments</U>. The Company shall not, and the Company shall cause each of its Restricted Subsidiaries to not,
directly or indirectly, redeem, defease, repurchase, repay or make any payments in respect of, by the payment of cash or cash equivalents
(in whole or in part, whether by way of open market purchases, tender offers, private transactions or otherwise), all or any portion
of any Indebtedness (other than the Senior Unsecured Notes and/or the Kinergy Credit Facility), whether by way of payment in respect
of principal of (or premium, if any) or interest on, such Indebtedness if at the time such payment is due or is otherwise made
or, after giving effect to such payment, (i) an event constituting an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or (ii) an
event that with the passage of time and without being cured would constitute an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Restriction on Redemption and Cash Dividends</U>. The Company shall not, and the Company shall cause each of its Restricted
Subsidiaries to not, directly or indirectly, redeem, repurchase or pay any cash dividend or distribution on any of its capital
stock (other than Permitted Distributions) without the prior written express consent of the Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Maturity of Indebtedness</U>. Except for any Permitted Investments, including the June Indebtedness, in an aggregate
amount of $6.7 million, the Company shall not, and the Company shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to not, directly or indirectly,
permit any Indebtedness of the Company or any of the Subsidiaries to mature or accelerate prior to the Maturity Date without the
prior written express consent of the Required Holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Payment of Indebtedness</U>. Subject to Section 13(d) above, the Company shall not, and the Company shall cause each
of its Subsidiaries to not, directly or indirectly, redeem, repurchase or prepay any Indebtedness without the prior written express
consent of the Required Holders other than (i) mandatory prepayments of the Senior Unsecured Notes, the Kinergy Credit Facility
and/or the Pacific Holding Restated Credit Facility required by the terms of such Indebtedness as in effect as of the Subscription
Date, (ii) regular payments of interest in accordance with the terms of such Indebtedness required by the terms of such Indebtedness
as in effect as of the Subscription Date, (iii) Permitted Investments, including the June Indebtedness, in an aggregate amount
of $6.7 million, and (iv) Permitted Distributions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Change in Nature of Business</U>.&nbsp;The Company shall not, and the Company shall cause each of its Restricted Subsidiaries
to not, directly or indirectly, engage in any material line of business substantially different from those lines of business conducted
by the Company and each of its Restricted Subsidiaries on the Issuance Date or any business substantially related or incidental
thereto. The Company shall not, and the Company shall cause each of its Restricted Subsidiaries to not, directly or indirectly,
modify its or their corporate structure or purpose.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Preservation of Existence, Etc.</U> The Company shall maintain and preserve, and cause each of its Restricted Subsidiaries
to maintain and preserve, its existence, rights and privileges, and become or remain, and cause each of its Restricted Subsidiaries
to become or remain, duly qualified and in good standing in each jurisdiction in which the character of the properties owned or
leased by it or in which the transaction of its business makes such qualification necessary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(j)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Maintenance of Properties, Etc.</U> The Company shall maintain and preserve, and cause each of its Restricted Subsidiaries
to maintain and preserve, all of its properties which are necessary or useful in the proper conduct of its business in good working
order and condition, ordinary wear and tear excepted, and comply, and cause each of its Restricted Subsidiaries to comply, at all
times with the provisions of all leases to which it is a party as lessee or under which it occupies property, so as to prevent
any loss or forfeiture thereof or thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(k)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Maintenance of Insurance</U>. The Company shall maintain, and cause each of its Restricted Subsidiaries to maintain,
insurance with responsible and reputable insurance companies or associations (including, without limitation, comprehensive general
liability, hazard, rent and business interruption insurance) with respect to its properties (including all real properties leased
or owned by it) and business, in such amounts and covering such risks as is required by any governmental authority having jurisdiction
with respect thereto or as is carried generally in accordance with sound business practice by companies in similar businesses similarly
situated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(l)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Investments</U>. Except for any Permitted Investments, the Company shall not, and the Company shall cause each of its
Restricted Subsidiaries to not, directly or indirectly, without the prior written express consent of the Required Holders, lend
money or credit (by way of guarantee or otherwise) or make advances to any Subsidiary, or purchase or acquire any stock, bonds,
notes, debentures or other obligations or securities of, or any other interest in, or make any capital contribution to, any Subsidiary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(m)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Restriction on Transfer of Assets</U>. The Company shall not, and the Company shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to
not, directly or indirectly, sell, lease, license, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of any assets or rights of the
Company or any Subsidiary owned or hereafter acquired whether in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, other
than (i) sales, leases, licenses, assignments, transfers, conveyances and other dispositions of such assets or rights by the Company
and its Subsidiaries that are in the ordinary course of their respective businesses and, after giving effect thereto, would not
result in a Material Adverse Change, (ii) sales of product, inventory or receivables in the ordinary course of business, (iii)
Permitted Transfers, (iv) Permitted Investments or (v) the sale, leasing, licensing, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other
disposition of any assets or rights of any Subsidiary to the extent permitted under the Kinergy Credit Facility or the Pacific
Holding Credit Facilities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>PARTICIPATION</U>. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section 7, the Holder, as the holder of this Note, shall
be entitled to receive such dividends paid and distributions made to the holders of Common Stock to the same extent as if the Holder
had converted this Note into Common Stock (without regard to any limitations on conversion herein or elsewhere) and had held such
shares of Common Stock on the record date for such dividends and distributions. Payments under the preceding sentence shall be
made concurrently with the dividend or distribution to the holders of Common Stock (provided, however, to the extent that the Holder&rsquo;s
right to participate in any such dividend or distribution would result in the Holder exceeding the Maximum Percentage, then the
Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such dividend or distribution to such extent (or the beneficial ownership of any
such shares of Common Stock as a result of such dividend or distribution to such extent) and such dividend or distribution to such
extent shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result
in the Holder exceeding the Maximum Percentage.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">15.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>AMENDING THE TERMS OF THIS NOTE</U>. The prior written consent of the Holder shall be required for any change or amendment
to this Note.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">16.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>TRANSFER</U>. This Note and any shares of Common Stock issued upon conversion of this Note may be offered, sold, assigned
or transferred by the Holder without restriction and without the consent of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">17.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>REISSUANCE OF THIS NOTE</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Transfer</U>. If this Note is to be transferred, the Holder shall surrender this Note to the Company along with a duly
executed copy of the transfer instrument attached hereto as Exhibit III, whereupon the Company will forthwith issue and, following
authentication of such new Note, deliver upon the order of the Holder a new Note (in accordance with Section 17(d)), registered
as the Holder may request, representing the outstanding Principal being transferred by the Holder and, if less than the entire
outstanding Principal is being transferred, a new, duly authenticated Note (in accordance with Section 17(d)) to the Holder representing
the outstanding Principal not being transferred. The Holder and any assignee, by acceptance of this Note, acknowledge and agree
that, by reason of the provisions of Section 3(c)(iii) following conversion or redemption of any portion of this Note, the outstanding
Principal represented by this Note may be less than the Principal stated on the face of this Note.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Lost, Stolen or Mutilated Note</U>. Upon compliance with Section 3.6 of the Indenture, the Company shall execute and,
following authentication of such new Note, deliver to the Holder a new Note (in accordance with Section 17(d)) representing the
outstanding Principal.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Note Exchangeable for Different Denominations</U>. This Note is exchangeable, upon the surrender hereof by the Holder
at the principal office of the Company, for a new, duly authenticated Note or Notes (in accordance with Section 17(d) and in principal
amounts of at least $1,000) representing in the aggregate the outstanding Principal of this Note, and each such new Note will represent
such portion of such outstanding Principal as is designated by the Holder at the time of such surrender.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Issuance of New Notes</U>. Whenever the Company is required to issue a new Note pursuant to the terms of this Note, such
new Note (i) shall be of like tenor with this Note, (ii) shall represent, as indicated on the face of such new Note, the Principal
remaining outstanding (or in the case of a new Note being issued pursuant to Section 17(a) or Section 17(c)), the Principal designated
by the Holder which, when added to the principal represented by the other new Notes issued in connection with such issuance, does
not exceed the Principal remaining outstanding under this Note immediately prior to such issuance of new Notes), (iii) shall have
an issuance date, as indicated on the face of such new Note, which is the same as the Issuance Date of this Note, (iv) shall have
the same rights and conditions as this Note, (v) shall represent accrued and unpaid Interest and Late Charges on the Principal
and Interest of this Note, from the Issuance Date and (vi) shall be duly authenticated in accordance with the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">18.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>REMEDIES, CHARACTERIZATIONS, OTHER OBLIGATIONS, BREACHES AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF</U>. The remedies provided in this Note
shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Note and any of the other Transaction Documents
at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), and nothing herein shall limit
the Holder&rsquo;s right to pursue actual damages for any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this Note. The Company
covenants to the Holder that there shall be no characterization concerning this instrument other than as expressly provided herein.
Amounts set forth or provided for herein with respect to payments, conversion and the like (and the computation thereof) shall
be the amounts to be received by the Holder and shall not, except as expressly provided herein, be subject to any other obligation
of the Company (or the performance thereof). The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder will cause
irreparable harm to the Holder and that the remedy at law for any such breach may be inadequate. The Company therefore agrees that,
in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the Holder shall be entitled, in addition to all other available remedies,
to an injunction restraining any breach, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without any bond or other security
being required. The Company shall provide all information and documentation to the Holder that is requested by the Holder to enable
the Holder to confirm the Company&rsquo;s compliance with the terms and conditions of this Note (including, without limitation,
compliance with Section 7).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">19.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>PAYMENT OF COLLECTION, ENFORCEMENT AND OTHER COSTS</U>. If (a) this Note is placed in the hands of an attorney for collection
or enforcement or is collected or enforced through any legal proceeding or the Holder otherwise takes action to collect amounts
due under this Note or to enforce the provisions of this Note or (b) there occurs any bankruptcy, reorganization, receivership
of the Company or other proceedings affecting Company creditors&rsquo; rights and involving a claim under this Note, then the Company
shall pay the costs incurred by the Holder for such collection, enforcement or action or in connection with such bankruptcy, reorganization,
receivership or other proceeding, including, without limitation, attorneys&rsquo; fees and disbursements. The Company expressly
acknowledges and agrees that no amounts due under this Note shall be affected, or limited, by the fact that the Purchase Price
(as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) paid for this Note was less than the original Principal amount hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">20.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>CONSTRUCTION; HEADINGS</U>. This Note shall be deemed to be jointly drafted by the Company and the Holder and shall not
be construed against any Person as the drafter hereof. The headings of this Note are for convenience of reference and shall not
form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Note. Terms used in this Note but defined in the other Transaction Documents
shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms on the Series A Closing Date in such other Transaction Documents unless otherwise
consented to in writing by the Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">21.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>FAILURE OR INDULGENCE NOT WAIVER</U>. No failure or delay on the part of the Holder in the exercise of any power, right
or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any such power, right or
privilege preclude other or further exercise thereof or of any other right, power or privilege. No waiver shall be effective unless
it is in writing and signed by an authorized representative of the waiving party.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">22.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>DISPUTE RESOLUTION</U>. In the case of a dispute as to the determination of the Conversion Price, the Closing Bid Price,
the Closing Sale Price or fair market value (as the case may be) or the arithmetic calculation of the Conversion Rate or the applicable
Redemption Price (as the case may be), the Company or the Holder (as the case may be) shall submit the disputed determinations
or arithmetic calculations (as the case may be) via facsimile (i) within two (2) Business Days after receipt of the applicable
notice giving rise to such dispute to the Company or the Holder (as the case may be) or (ii) if no notice gave rise to such dispute,
at any time after the Holder learned of the circumstances giving rise to such dispute (including, without limitation, as to whether
any issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale was an issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale of Excluded Securities). If
the Holder and the Company are unable to agree upon such determination or calculation within two (2) Business Days of such disputed
determination or arithmetic calculation (as the case may be) being submitted to the Company or the Holder (as the case may be),
then the Company shall, within two (2) Business Days, submit via facsimile (a) the disputed determination of the Conversion Price,
the Closing Bid Price, the Closing Sale Price or fair market value (as the case may be) to an independent, reputable investment
bank selected by the Company and approved by the Holder or (b) the disputed arithmetic calculation of the Conversion Rate or any
Redemption Price (as the case may be) to the Company&rsquo;s independent, outside accountant. The Company shall cause at its expense
the investment bank or the accountant (as the case may be) to perform the determinations or calculations (as the case may be) and
notify the Company and the Holder of the results no later than ten (10) Business Days from the time it receives such disputed determinations
or calculations (as the case may be). Such investment bank&rsquo;s or accountant&rsquo;s determination or calculation (as the case
may be) shall be binding upon all parties absent demonstrable error.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">23.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>NOTICES; CURRENCY; PAYMENTS</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Notices</U>. Whenever notice is required to be given under this Note, unless otherwise provided herein, such notice shall
be given in accordance with Section 9(f) of the Securities Purchase Agreement. The Company shall provide the Holder and the Trustee
with prompt written notice of all actions taken pursuant to this Note, including in reasonable detail a description of such action
and the reason therefore. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will give written notice to the Holder
and the Trustee (i) promptly upon any adjustment of the Conversion Price, setting forth in reasonable detail, and certifying, the
calculation of such adjustment and (ii) at least fifteen (15) days prior to the date on which the Company closes its books or takes
a record with respect to (A) any dividend or distribution upon the Common Stock, (B) any grants, issuances, or sales of any Options,
Convertible Securities or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property to holders of shares of Common Stock
generally or (C) any determination of rights to vote with respect to any Fundamental Transaction, dissolution or liquidation; provided
that in each case that such information shall be made known to the public prior to or in conjunction with such notice being provided
to the Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Currency</U>. All principal, interest and other amounts owing under this Note or any Transaction Document that, in accordance
with their terms, are paid in cash, shall be paid in United States Dollars (&ldquo;<B>U.S. Dollars</B>&rdquo;). All amounts denominated
in other currencies shall be converted to the U.S. Dollar equivalent amount in accordance with the Exchange Rate on the date of
calculation. &ldquo;<B>Exchange Rate</B>&rdquo;<B> </B>means, in relation to any amount of currency to be converted into U.S. Dollars
pursuant to this Note, the U.S. Dollar exchange rate as published in the Wall Street Journal on the relevant date of calculation
(it being understood and agreed that where an amount is calculated with reference to, or over, a period of time, the date of calculation
shall be the final date of such period of time).</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Payments</U>. Whenever any payment of cash is to be made by the Company to any Person pursuant to this Note, unless otherwise
expressly set forth herein, such payment shall be made in lawful money of the United States of America by a certified check drawn
on the account of the Company and sent via overnight courier service to such Person at such address as previously provided to the
Company in writing (which address, in the case of each of the Buyers (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement), shall initially
be as set forth on the Schedule of Buyers attached to the Securities Purchase Agreement), provided that the Holder may elect to
receive a payment of cash via wire transfer of immediately available funds by providing the Company with prior written notice setting
out such request and the Holder&rsquo;s wire transfer instructions. Whenever any amount expressed to be due by the terms of this
Note is due on any day which is not a Business Day, the same shall instead be due on the next succeeding day which is a Business
Day. Any amount of Principal or other amounts due under the Transaction Documents which is not paid when due (other than any amounts
due hereunder that are otherwise accruing interest at the Default Rate) shall result in a late charges being incurred and payable
by the Company in an amount equal to interest on such amount at the rate of fifteen percent (15%) per annum from the date such
amount was due until the same is paid in full (&ldquo;<B>Late Charge</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">24.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>CANCELLATION</U>. After all Principal, accrued Interest, Late Charges and other amounts at any time owed on this Note
have been paid in full, this Note shall automatically be deemed canceled, shall be surrendered to the Company for cancellation
and shall not be reissued.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">25.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>WAIVER OF NOTICE</U>. To the extent permitted by law, the Company hereby irrevocably waives demand, notice, presentment,
protest and all other demands and notices in connection with the delivery, acceptance, performance, default or enforcement of this
Note and the Securities Purchase Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">26.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>GOVERNING LAW</U>. This Note shall be construed and enforced in accordance with, and all questions concerning the construction,
validity, interpretation and performance of this Note shall be governed by, the internal laws of the State of New York, without
giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of New York or any other jurisdictions)
that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of New York. The Company hereby irrevocably
submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in The City of New York, Borough of Manhattan, for
the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein,
and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally
subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that
the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right
to serve process in any manner permitted by law. In the event that any provision of this Note is invalid or unenforceable under
any applicable statute or rule of law, then such provision shall be deemed inoperative to the extent that it may conflict therewith
and shall be deemed modified to conform with such statute or rule of law. Any such provision which may prove invalid or unenforceable
under any law shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Note. Nothing contained herein shall
be deemed or operate to preclude the Holder from bringing suit or taking other legal action against the Company in any other jurisdiction
to collect on the Company&rsquo;s obligations to the Holder to realize on any collateral or any other security for such obligations
or to enforce a judgment or other court ruling in favor of the Holder. <B>THE COMPANY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY
HAVE TO, AND AGREES NOT TO REQUEST, A JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING
OUT OF THIS NOTE OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">27.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>MAXIMUM PAYMENTS</U>. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to establish or require the payment of a rate of interest
or other charges in excess of the maximum permitted by applicable law. In the event that the rate of interest required to be paid
or other charges hereunder exceed the maximum permitted by such law, any payments in excess of such maximum shall be credited against
amounts owed by the Company to the Holder and thus refunded to the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">28.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>CERTAIN DEFINITIONS</U>. For purposes of this Note, the following terms shall have the following meanings:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><B> [INSERT IN SERIES B NOTES: </B>&ldquo;<B>Aggregate Series B Installment Amount</B>&rdquo; means the quotient of (x)
$8,000,000, divided by (y) the sum of the number of Installment Dates occurring during the period commencing on the Series B Closing
Date and ending on, and including, the Maturity Date.<B>]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Approved Stock Plan</B>&rdquo; means any employee benefit plan which has been approved by the board of directors
of the Company prior to or subsequent to the date hereof pursuant to which shares of Common Stock and standard options to purchase
Common Stock may be issued to any employee, officer, or director for services provided to the Company in their capacity as such.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Bloomberg</B>&rdquo; means Bloomberg, L.P.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Business Day</B>&rdquo; means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The
City of New York are authorized or required by law to remain closed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT> &ldquo;<B>Change of Control</B>&rdquo; means any Fundamental Transaction other than (i) any merger of the Company or any
of its, direct or indirect, wholly-owned Subsidiaries with or into any of the foregoing Persons, (ii) any reorganization, recapitalization
or reclassification of the shares of Common Stock in which holders of the Company&rsquo;s voting power immediately prior to such
reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification continue after such reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification to
hold publicly traded securities and, directly or indirectly, are, in all material respects, the holders of the voting power of
the surviving entity (or entities with the authority or voting power&nbsp;to elect the members of the board of directors (or their
equivalent if other than a corporation) of such entity or entities) after such reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification,
(iii) pursuant to a migratory merger effected solely for the purpose of changing the jurisdiction of incorporation of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries or (iv) the sale (whether by merger, asset sale or otherwise) of any one Plant of the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Change of Control Redemption Premium</B>&rdquo; means 125%.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Closing Bid Price</B>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<B>Closing Sale Price</B>&rdquo; means, for any security as of any date,
the last closing bid price and last closing trade price, respectively, for such security on the Principal Market, as reported by
Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Market begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not designate the closing bid price
or the closing trade price (as the case may be) then the last bid price or last trade price, respectively, of such security prior
to 4:00:00 p.m., New York time, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Market is not the principal securities exchange
or trading market for such security, the last closing bid price or last trade price, respectively, of such security on the principal
securities exchange or trading market where such security is listed or traded as reported by Bloomberg, or if the foregoing do
not apply, the last closing bid price or last trade price, respectively, of such security in the over-the-counter market on the
electronic bulletin board for such security as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no closing bid price or last trade price, respectively,
is reported for such security by Bloomberg, the average of the bid prices, or the ask prices, respectively, of any market makers
for such security as reported in the &ldquo;pink sheets&rdquo; by OTC Markets Group Inc. (formerly Pink Sheets LLC). If the Closing
Bid Price or the Closing Sale Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the
Closing Bid Price or the Closing Sale Price (as the case may be) of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as
mutually determined by the Company and the Holder. If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon the fair market value
of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved in accordance with the procedures in Section 22. All such determinations
shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar transaction
during such period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Common Stock</B>&rdquo; means (i)&nbsp;the Company&rsquo;s shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share,
and (ii) any capital stock into which such common stock shall have been changed or any share capital resulting from a reclassification
of such common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT> &ldquo;<B>Company Conversion Price</B>&rdquo; means, with respect to a particular date of determination, the lower of (i)
the Conversion Price then in effect and (ii) 85% of the Market Price. All such determinations to be appropriately adjusted for
any stock split, stock dividend, stock combination, or other similar transaction during any such measuring period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(j)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Contingent Obligation</B>&rdquo; means, as to any Person, any direct or indirect liability, contingent or otherwise,
of that Person with respect to any indebtedness, lease, dividend or other obligation of another Person if the primary purpose or
intent of the Person incurring such liability, or the primary effect thereof, is to provide assurance to the obligee of such liability
that such liability will be paid or discharged, or that any agreements relating thereto will be complied with, or that the holders
of such liability will be protected (in whole or in part) against loss with respect thereto</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(k)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Convertible Securities</B>&rdquo; means any capital stock or securities (other than Options) directly or indirectly,
convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, shares of Common Stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(l)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Eligible Market</B>&rdquo; means The New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE MKT, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the
Nasdaq Global Market or the Principal Market.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(m)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Equity Conditions</B>&rdquo; means: (i) on each day during the period beginning fifteen (15) Trading Days prior
to the applicable date of determination and ending on and including the applicable date of determination (the &ldquo;<B>Equity
Conditions Measuring Period</B>&rdquo;), the Common Stock is listed or designated for quotation (as applicable) on an Eligible
Market and shall not have been suspended from trading on an Eligible Market (other than suspensions of not more than two (2) days
and occurring prior to the applicable date of determination due to business announcements by the Company) nor shall delisting or
suspension by an Eligible Market be pending in writing by such Eligible Market (if prior to the Reservation Requirement Date, excluding
the requirement of the Principal Market for the Closing Bid Price of the Common Stock to exceed $1.00); (ii) on each day during
the Equity Conditions Measuring Period, the Company shall have delivered all shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of
this Note on a timely basis pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof and all other shares of capital stock required to be delivered
by the Company on a timely basis as set forth in the other Transaction Documents; (iii) any shares of Common Stock to be issued
in connection with the event requiring determination may be issued in full without violating Section 3(d) hereof; (iv) any shares
of Common Stock to be issued in connection with the event requiring determination may be issued in full without violating the rules
or regulations of the Eligible Market on which the Common Stock is then listed or designated for quotation (as applicable); (v)
on each day during the Equity Conditions Measuring Period, no public announcement of a pending, proposed or intended Fundamental
Transaction shall have occurred which has not been abandoned, terminated or consummated; (vi)<FONT STYLE="color: black"> the Holder
shall not be in possession of any material, non-public information provided to any of them by the Company, any of its affiliates
or any of their respective officers, employees, directors, representatives, agents or the like; (vii) </FONT>on each day during
the Equity Conditions Measuring Period, there shall not have occurred an Event of Default or an event that with the passage of
time or giving of notice would constitute an Event of Default, and (viii) as of the applicable date of determination, there shall
not be any Volume Failure or any Price Failure.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(n)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Equity Conditions Failure</B>&rdquo; means that on any day during the period commencing on the applicable Company
Installment Notice Date through the later of the applicable Installment Date and the date on which the applicable shares of Common
Stock are actually delivered to the Holder, the Equity Conditions have not been satisfied (or waived in writing by the Holder);
provided, that notwithstanding the foregoing and solely in connection with a Company Conversion hereunder, the Company&rsquo;s
failure to satisfy clause (vi) of the definition of Equity Conditions shall not be deemed to be an Equity Conditions Failure if
(x) the Company has properly notified the Holder that it desires to give the Holder material nonpublic information and, prior to
the Holder&rsquo;s receipt of such material nonpublic information, the Holder has delivered a written notice to the Company acknowledging
its agreement to receive such material nonpublic information and (y) such Equity Condition is satisfied during the 72 hour period
immediately preceding and including each Trading Day in which the Company is required to deliver shares of Common Stock to the
Holder (or the Holder&rsquo;s account with DTC, as applicable) in connection with such Company Conversion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(o)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Excluded Subsidiaries</B>&rdquo; means New PE Holdco LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Pacific Ethanol
Holding Co. LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Pacific Ethanol Madera LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Pacific
Ethanol Columbia, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Pacific Ethanol Stockton, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company,
and Pacific Ethanol Magic Valley, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(p)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Fundamental Transaction</B>&rdquo; means that (i) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall, directly or indirectly,
in one or more related transactions, (1) consolidate or merge with or into (whether or not the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
is the surviving corporation) any other Person, or (2) sell, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially
all of its respective properties or assets to any other Person, or (3) allow any other Person to make a purchase, tender or exchange
offer that is accepted by the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Voting Stock of the Company (not including
any shares of Voting Stock of the Company held by the Person or Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the
Persons making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer), or (4) consummate a stock or share purchase agreement or
other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement)
with any other Person whereby such other Person acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Voting Stock of the Company
(not including any shares of Voting Stock of the Company held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated
or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination),
or (ii) any &ldquo;person&rdquo; or &ldquo;group&rdquo; (as these terms are used for purposes of Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the
1934 Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder) is or shall become the &ldquo;beneficial owner&rdquo; (as defined
in Rule 13d-3 under the 1934 Act), directly or indirectly, of 50% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by issued
and outstanding Voting Stock of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(q)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>GAAP</B>&rdquo; means United States generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(r)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Holder Pro Rata Amount</B>&rdquo; means a fraction (i) the numerator of which is the original Principal amount
of this Note on the Closing Date at which this Note was originally issued and (ii) the denominator of which is the aggregate original
principal amount of all Notes issued to the initial purchasers pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement on the Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(s)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Indenture</B>&rdquo; means that certain Indenture for Subordinated Debt Securities dated as of the Series A Closing
Date, by and between the Company and the Trustee, as may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time, including, without
limitation, by any Supplemental Indenture (as defined below).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(t)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Installment Adjustment Conversion Price</B>&rdquo; means, with respect to a particular date of determination,
the lower of (i) the Conversion Price then in effect and (ii) 85% of the Market Price as of such date of determination.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(u)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><B>[INSERT IN SERIES A NOTES: </B>&ldquo;<B>Installment Amount</B>&rdquo; means (i) with respect to any Installment Date
other than the Maturity Date, the lesser of (A) (x) if prior to the Series B Closing Date, the product of (I) $1,166,667, multiplied
by (II) the Holder Pro Rata Amount, or (y) if on or after the Series B Closing Date, the Remaining Series A Installment Amount
and (B) the Principal amount then outstanding under this Note as of such Installment Date, and (ii) with respect to the Installment
Date that is the Maturity Date, the Principal amount then outstanding under this Note as of such Installment Date, in each case,
as any such Installment Amount may be reduced or increased pursuant to the terms of this Note, whether upon conversion, redemption
or otherwise, together with, in each case of clauses (i) and (ii), the sum of any accrued and unpaid Interest as of such Installment
Date under this Note and accrued and unpaid Late Charges, if any, under this Note as of such Installment Date. In the event the
Holder shall sell or otherwise transfer any portion of this Note, the transferee shall be allocated a pro rata portion of each
unpaid Installment Amount hereunder.<B>]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><B>[INSERT IN SERIES B NOTES:
</B>&ldquo;<B>Installment Amount</B>&rdquo; means (i) with respect to any Installment Date other than the Maturity Date, the lesser
of (A) the product of (I) the Aggregate Series B Installment Amount, multiplied by (II) the Holder Pro Rata Amount and (B) the
Principal amount then outstanding under this Note as of such Installment Date, and (ii) with respect to the Installment Date that
is the Maturity Date, the Principal amount then outstanding under this Note as of such Installment Date, in each case, as any such
Installment Amount may be reduced or increased pursuant to the terms of this Note, whether upon conversion, redemption or otherwise,
together with, in each case of clauses (i) and (ii), the sum of any accrued and unpaid Interest as of such Installment Date under
this Note and accrued and unpaid Late Charges, if any, under this Note as of such Installment Date. In the event the Holder shall
sell or otherwise transfer any portion of this Note, the transferee shall be allocated a pro rata portion of each unpaid Installment
Amount hereunder.<B>]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(v)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><B>[INSERT IN SERIES A NOTES:</B> &ldquo;<B>Installment Date</B>&rdquo; means (i) initially, the date that is eleven (11)
Trading Days after the Series A Closing Date, (ii) then, (x) if the first Trading Day of the calendar month immediately following
the initial Installment Date occurs less than eleven (11) Trading Days after the initial Installment Date, the first Trading Day
of the second (2<SUP>nd</SUP>) calendar month immediately following the initial Installment Date or (y) otherwise, the first (1<SUP>st</SUP>)
Trading Day of the calendar month immediately following the initial Installment Date, and (iii) thereafter, the first (1<SUP>st</SUP>)
Trading Day of every subsequent calendar month until the Maturity Date.<B>]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><B>[INSERT IN SERIES B NOTES:</B>
&ldquo;<B>Installment Date</B>&rdquo; means (i) initially, the Series B Closing Date; provided, that if there are less than eleven
(11) Trading Days between, the Series B Closing Date and the first (1<SUP>st</SUP>) Trading Day of the succeeding calendar month,
then the initial Installment Date shall be such first (1<SUP>st</SUP>) Trading Day of the succeeding calendar month, and (ii) thereafter,
each first (1<SUP>st</SUP>) Trading Day of every subsequent calendar month until the Maturity Date.<B>]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(w)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Interest</B> <B>Rate</B>&rdquo; means five percent (5%) per annum, as may be adjusted from time to time in accordance
with Section 2.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(x)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>June Indebtedness</B>&rdquo; means amounts due and owing on June 25, 2013 under the Pacific Holding Restated Credit
Facility as in effect as of the Subscription Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(y)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Kinergy Credit Facility</B>&rdquo; means that certain credit facility as evidenced by, among other loan documents,
that certain Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of May 4, 2012, by and between Kinergy Marketing, LLC and
Pacific AG. Products, LLC as borrowers thereunder and Wells Fargo Capital Finance, LLC as Agent, and Wells Fargo Capital Finance,
LLC as Sole Lead Arranger, Manager and Bookrunner, as such credit facility is in effect on the date hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(z)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Mandatory Prepayment Alternative Indebtedness</B>&rdquo; means, in connection with the occurrence of any given
event which, pursuant to the terms of the Senior Unsecured Notes in effect as of the Subscription Date, would require that the
Company make a mandatory prepayment of all, or any part, of the Indebtedness outstanding under the Senior Unsecured Notes (the
&ldquo;<B>Mandatory Prepayment Amount</B>&rdquo;), any Indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries permitted by the
holders of the Senior Unsecured Notes to be prepaid or purchased by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, as applicable, in lieu
of requiring the prepayment of such Mandatory Prepayment Amount; provided, that (i) the actual amount of such alternative Indebtedness
to be prepaid or purchased, as applicable, shall not exceed the Mandatory Prepayment Amount and (ii) the aggregate Mandatory Prepayment
Alternative Indebtedness shall not exceed $3.5 million.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(aa)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Market Price</B>&rdquo; means, for any given date, the lesser of (x) the VWAP of the Common Stock on the Trading
Day immediately preceding such given date and (y) quotient of (I) the sum of the three (3) lowest VWAPs of the Common Stock during
the ten (10) consecutive Trading Day period ending and including the Trading Day immediately prior to such given date, divided
by (II) three (3) (such period, the &ldquo;<B>Market Price Measuring Period</B>&rdquo;). All such determinations to be appropriately
adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, reclassification or similar transactions during such Market Price
Measuring Period.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(bb)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Maturity</B> <B>Date</B>&rdquo; means [____]<SUP>1</SUP>; provided, however, the Maturity Date may be extended
at the option of the Holder (i) in the event that, and for so long as, an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing
or any event shall have occurred and be continuing that with the passage of time and the failure to cure would result in an Event
of Default or (ii) through the date that is twenty (20) Business Days after the consummation of a Fundamental Transaction in the
event that a Fundamental Transaction is publicly announced or a Change of Control Notice is delivered prior to the Maturity Date,
provided further that if a Holder elects to convert some or all of this Note pursuant to Section 3 hereof, and the Conversion
Amount would be limited pursuant to Section 3(d) hereunder, the Maturity Date shall automatically be extended until such time
as such provision shall not limit the conversion of this Note.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(cc)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Material Adverse Change</B>&rdquo; shall mean any set of circumstances or events which occur, arise or otherwise
take place from and after the Issuance Date which (a) has or could reasonably be expected to have any material adverse effect whatsoever
upon the validity or enforceability of this Note or any other Transaction Document, (b) is or could reasonably be expected to be
material and adverse to the business properties, assets, financial condition, results of operations or prospects of the Company
or the Company and any of Subsidiaries on a collective basis, (c) impairs materially or could reasonably be expected to impair
materially the ability of the Company to duly and punctually pay or perform any its obligations under this Note or any other Transaction
Document, or (d) materially impairs or could reasonably be expected to materially impair the ability of Holder, to the extent permitted,
to enforce its legal rights and remedies pursuant to this Note or any other Transaction Document; provided, that a Material Adverse
Change shall not include the sale (whether by merger, asset sale or otherwise) of any one Plant of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(dd)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT> &ldquo;<B>Options</B>&rdquo; means any rights, warrants or options to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock
or Convertible Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ee)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Pacific Holding Restated Credit Facility</B>&rdquo; means that certain credit facility as evidenced by, among
other loan documents, that certain Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of October 29, 2012 among Pacific Ethanol
Holding Co. LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, as a borrower thereunder and as agent for borrowers thereunder, and co-borrowers
Pacific Ethanol Madera LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, Pacific Ethanol Columbia, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company,
Pacific Ethanol Stockton LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and Pacific Ethanol Magic Valley, LLC, a Delaware limited liability
company, each of the lenders thereunder who are from time to time signatories thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, N.A., as administrative
agent and collateral agent for such lenders and such other parties thereto as identified therein, as such credit facility may have
been or may be amended, restated or otherwise modified prior to the Subscription Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><SUP>1
</SUP>Insert date that is the one year anniversary of the Series A Closing Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ff)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Parent Entity</B>&rdquo; of a Person means an entity that, directly or indirectly, controls the applicable Person
and whose common stock or equivalent equity security is quoted or listed on an Eligible Market, or, if there is more than one such
Person or Parent Entity, the Person or Parent Entity with the largest public market capitalization as of the date of consummation
of the Fundamental Transaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(gg)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Plant</B>&rdquo; means any Excluded Subsidiary (other than New PE Holdco LLC or Pacific Ethanol Holding Co LLC).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(hh)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Permitted Distributions</B>&rdquo; means (a) dividends by Subsidiaries of the Company to the Company or other
Subsidiaries of the Company, and (b) current quarterly dividends required to be paid by Company with respect to the Company&rsquo;s
Series B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock pursuant to the organizational documents of the Company as in effect as of the
Issuance Date on the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, to the extent that payment thereof is in the form of Common Stock, payment
of previously accrued and unpaid dividends with respect to the Company&rsquo;s Series B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock
outstanding as of the Issuance Date shall be deemed to be &ldquo;Permitted Distributions&rdquo;.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Permitted Indebtedness</B>&rdquo; means (i) Indebtedness evidenced by this Note and the Other Notes; (ii) the
Senior Unsecured Notes, (iii) any Indebtedness secured by a Permitted Lien (other than any Indebtedness referred to in clause (iv)
of the definition of &ldquo;Permitted Lien&rdquo;), (iv) Indebtedness incurred by the Company that is made expressly subordinate
in right of payment to the Indebtedness evidenced by this Note, as reflected in a written agreement acceptable to the Holder and
approved by the Holder in writing, and which Indebtedness does not provide at any time for (1) the payment, prepayment, repayment,
repurchase or defeasance, directly or indirectly, of any principal or premium, if any, thereon until ninety-one (91) days after
the Maturity Date or later and (2) total interest and fees at a rate in excess of ten percent (10%) per annum (collectively, the
&ldquo;<B>Subordinated Indebtedness</B>&rdquo;), (v) Indebtedness existing on the Issuance Date (which, for the avoidance of doubt,
includes the $10 million accordion feature contained in the Kinergy Credit Facility as in effect on the Issuance Date); <U>provided</U>,
that the principal amount of such Indebtedness is not increased by more than five percent (5%) in the aggregate, the terms of such
Indebtedness are not modified to impose more burdensome terms upon the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and the terms of such
Indebtedness are not materially changed in any manner that adversely affects the Holder or any of the Buyers, (vi) any Contingent
Obligation<B> </B>with respect to the Kinergy Credit Facility or otherwise required to be incurred by the Company in order for
any of its Subsidiaries to obtain any bonds or letters of credit required in connection with the continued operation of such Subsidiary&rsquo;s
business; <U>provided</U> that such Contingent Obligation shall not exceed $750,000 in the aggregate at any time and (vii) such
other trade and operating indebtedness incurred in the ordinary course of business by the Company, including without limitation,
unsecured trade debt, financing with respect to the acquisition or lease of equipment and financing of insurance premiums; <U>provided</U>
that in the aggregate, such indebtedness in this clause (vii) does not exceed the greater of $2,000,000 or three-quarters of one
percent (0.75%) of total assets as reported in the Company&rsquo;s most recent publicly filed Form 10-K or 10-Q reports.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(jj)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Permitted Investments</B>&rdquo; means (w) the purchase of equity interests in New PE Holdco LLC for an aggregate
purchase price not to exceed $500,000, (x) intercompany loans between and among the Company and any of its Subsidiaries and/or
any contributions of capital to any Subsidiary in an amount not to exceed $1 million in the aggregate, (y) the June Indebtedness,
in an aggregate amount not to exceed $6.7 million and/or (z) the Mandatory Prepayment Alternative Indebtedness.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(kk)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Permitted Liens</B>&rdquo; means (i) any Lien for taxes not yet due or delinquent or being contested in good faith
by appropriate proceedings for which adequate reserves have been established in accordance with GAAP, (ii) any statutory Lien arising
in the ordinary course of business by operation of law with respect to a liability that is not yet due or delinquent, (iii) any
Lien created by operation of law, such as materialmen&rsquo;s liens, mechanics&rsquo; liens and other similar liens, arising in
the ordinary course of business with respect to a liability that is not yet due or delinquent or that are being contested in good
faith by appropriate proceedings, (iv) Liens securing financing obtained in the ordinary course of the Company's operations, including
financing with respect to the acquisition or lease of equipment and financing of insurance premiums; <U>provided,</U> <U>that</U>
(A) such Liens are solely upon and confined solely to the equipment, unearned insurance premiums or other asset or assets being
acquired by such financing and (B) in the aggregate, the Indebtedness secured by such liens does not exceed the greater of $2,000,000
or three-quarters of one percent (0.75%) of total assets as reported in the Company's most recent publicly filed Form 10-K or 10-Q
reports, (v) Liens incurred in connection with the extension, renewal or refinancing of the indebtedness secured by Liens of the
type described in clause (iv) above, <U>provided</U> that any extension, renewal or replacement Lien shall be limited to the property
encumbered by the existing Lien and the principal amount, interest rate and other amounts to be paid under such Indebtedness being
extended, renewed or refinanced does not increase, (vi) any Lien on the assets or properties of Kinergy Marketing LLC and Pacific
AG. Products, LLC securing the Kinergy Credit Facility and (vii) any Lien arising out of the Indenture for the benefit of the Trustee
as security for the performance of the obligations of the Company thereunder.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ll)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Permitted Transfers</B>&rdquo; means any payments, distributions or transfers with respect to (i) any Permitted
Indebtedness (in the case of Subordinated Indebtedness, to the extent permitted by the relevant subordination or intercreditor
agreement) and (ii) any Permitted Distributions or (ii) the sale (whether by merger, asset sale or otherwise) of any one Plant
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(mm)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Person</B>&rdquo; means an individual, a limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation,
a trust, an unincorporated organization, any other entity or a government or any department or agency thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(nn)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Price Failure</B>&rdquo; means, with respect to a particular date of determination, the volume-weighted average
of the VWAP of the Common Stock during the fifteen (15) consecutive Trading Day period ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding
such date of determination fails to <FONT STYLE="color: black">exceed $0.20 </FONT>(as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends,
stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar transactions) (the &ldquo;<B>Base Price</B>&rdquo;); provided, however,
that in the event the Company effects a reverse stock split between the Issuance Date and the Maturity Date, the Base Price shall
be replaced with $0.15 (as adjusted by such reverse stock split). All such determinations to be appropriately adjusted for any
stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar transactions during such Price Failure Measuring
Period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(oo)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><FONT STYLE="color: black">&ldquo;</FONT><B>Principal Market</B>&rdquo; means the Nasdaq Capital Market.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(pp)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Redemption Notices</B>&rdquo; means,<FONT STYLE="color: black"> </FONT>collectively, the Event of Default Redemption
Notices, the Company Installment Notices with respect to any Company Redemption, and the Change of Control Redemption Notices,
and each of the foregoing, individually, a &ldquo;<B>Redemption Notice</B>.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(qq)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Redemption Premium</B>&rdquo; means (i) in the case of the Events of Default described in Section 4(a) (other
than Sections 4(a)(vi) through 4(a)(viii)), 125% or (ii) in the case of the Events of Default described in Sections 4(a)(vi) through
4(a)(viii), 100%.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(rr)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Redemption Prices</B>&rdquo; means, collectively, Event of Default Redemption Prices, the Change of Control Redemption
Prices, and the Company Installment Redemption Prices, and each of the foregoing, individually, a &ldquo;<B>Redemption Price</B>.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ss)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><B>[INSERT
IN SERIES A NOTES: </B>&ldquo;<B>Remaining Series A Installment Amount</B>&rdquo; means, with respect to the Holder, the
greater of (x) the product of (I) $500,000 multiplied by (II) the Holder Pro Rata Amount and (y) the quotient of (A)
the Principal amount of this Note outstanding on the Series B Closing Date, divided by (B) the sum of the number of
Installment Dates occurring during the period commencing on the Series B Closing Date and ending on, and including, the
Maturity Date.<B>]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(tt)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Required Holders</B>&rdquo; means the holders of Notes representing at least a majority of the aggregate principal
amount of the Notes then outstanding (excluding any Notes held by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(uu)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Restricted Subsidiary</B>&rdquo; means any Subsidiary other than the Excluded Subsidiaries.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(vv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>SEC</B>&rdquo; means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or the successor thereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ww)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Securities Purchase Agreement</B>&rdquo; means that certain securities purchase agreement, dated as of the Subscription
Date, by and among the Company and the initial holders of the Notes pursuant to which the Company issued the Notes and the Warrants,
as may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(xx)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Senior Unsecured Notes</B>&rdquo; means those certain senior unsecured notes, in the original principal amount
of $22.2 million, issued on December 19, 2012 to certain investors as in effect as of the Subscription Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(yy)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT> &ldquo;<B>Series A Closing Date</B>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Securities Purchase Agreement,
which date is the date the Company initially issued Series A Notes pursuant to the terms of the Indenture, Series A Supplemental
Indenture and the Securities Purchase Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(zz)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Series A Notes</B>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Securities Purchase Agreement, and
shall include all notes issued in exchange therefor or replacement thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(aaa)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Series A Supplemental Indenture</B>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Securities Purchase
Agreement, as such supplemental indenture may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(bbb)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Series B Closing Date</B>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Securities Purchase Agreement,
which date is the date the Company initially issued Series B Notes pursuant to the terms of the Indenture, Series B Supplemental
Indenture and the Securities Purchase Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ccc)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Series B Notes</B>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Securities Purchase Agreement, and
shall include all notes issued in exchange therefor or replacement thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ddd)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Series B Supplemental Indenture</B>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Securities Purchase
Agreement, as such supplemental indenture may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(eee)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Subscription Date</B>&rdquo; means March 28, 2013.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(fff)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Subsidiary</B>&rdquo; means any Person in which the Company, directly or indirectly, (i) owns any of the outstanding
capital stock or holds any equity or similar interest of such Person or (ii) controls or operates all or any part of the business,
operations or administration of such Person, and all of the foregoing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ggg)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Supplemental Indenture</B>&rdquo; shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Securities Purchase Agreement,
as such supplemental indenture may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(hhh)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Successor Entity</B>&rdquo; means the Person (or, if so elected by the Holder, the Parent Entity) formed by, resulting
from or surviving any Fundamental Transaction or the Person (or, if so elected by the Holder, the Parent Entity) with which such
Fundamental Transaction shall have been entered into.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Trading Day</B>&rdquo; means any day on which the Common Stock is traded on the Principal Market, or, if the Principal
Market is not the principal trading market for the Common Stock, then on the principal securities exchange or securities market
on which the Common Stock is then traded, provided that &ldquo;Trading Day&rdquo; shall not include any day on which the Common
Stock is scheduled to trade on such exchange or market for less than 4.5 hours or any day that the Common Stock is suspended from
trading during the final hour of trading on such exchange or market (or if such exchange or market does not designate in advance
the closing time of trading on such exchange or market, then during the hour ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York City time) unless
such day is otherwise designated as a Trading Day in writing by the Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(jjj)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Trustee</B>&rdquo; means U.S. Bank National Association, in its capacity as trustee under the Indenture, or any
successor or any additional trustee appointed with respect to the Notes pursuant to the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(kkk)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Voting Stock</B>&rdquo; of a Person means capital stock of such Person of the class or classes pursuant to which
the holders thereof have the general voting power to elect, or the general power to appoint, at least a majority of the board of
directors, managers, trustees or other similar governing body of such Person (irrespective of whether or not at the time capital
stock of any other class or classes shall have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(lll)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Warrants</B>&rdquo; has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Securities Purchase Agreement, and shall include
all warrants issued in exchange therefor or replacement thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(mmm)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Volume Failure</B>&rdquo; means, with respect to a particular date of determination, the quotient of (x) the sum
of the aggregate daily dollar trading volume (as reported on Bloomberg) of the Common Stock on each Trading Day over the fifteen
(15) consecutive Trading Day period ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding such date of determination (such period, the
&ldquo;<B>Volume Failure Measuring Period</B>&rdquo;), divided by (y) fifteen (15) is not less than $500,000 (as adjusted for any
stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar transactions). All such determinations to
be appropriately adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, stock combinations, recapitalizations or other similar transactions
during such Volume Failure Measuring Period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(nnn)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT> &ldquo;<B>VWAP</B>&rdquo; means, for any security as of any date, the dollar volume-weighted average price for such security
on the Principal Market (or, if the Principal Market is not the principal trading market for such security, then on the principal
securities exchange or securities market on which such security is then traded) during the period beginning at 9:30:01 a.m., New
York City time, and ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York City time, as reported by Bloomberg through its &ldquo;Volume at Price&rdquo;
function or, if the foregoing does not apply, the dollar volume-weighted average price of such security in the over-the-counter
market on the electronic bulletin board for such security during the period beginning at 9:30:01 a.m., New York City time, and
ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York City time, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no dollar volume-weighted average price is reported
for such security by Bloomberg for such hours, the average of the highest Closing Bid Price and the lowest Closing Sale Price of
any of the market makers for such security as reported in the &ldquo;pink sheets&rdquo; by OTC Markets Group Inc. (formerly Pink
Sheets LLC). If the VWAP cannot be calculated for such security on such date on any of the foregoing bases, the VWAP of such security
on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the Holder. If the Company and the Holder
are unable to agree upon the fair market value of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved in accordance with the procedures
in Section 22. All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination,
or other similar transaction during such period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">29.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>SUBORDINATION</U>. This Note and the rights and obligations evidenced hereby are subordinate in the manner and to the
extent set forth in the  [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">30.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>DISCLOSURE</U>. Upon receipt or delivery by the Company of any notice in accordance with the terms of this Note, unless
the Company has in good faith determined that the matters relating to such notice do not constitute material, non-public information
relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Company shall within one (1) Business Day after any such receipt or delivery
publicly disclose such material, non-public information on a Current Report on Form 8-K or otherwise. In the event that the Company
believes that a notice contains material, non-public information relating to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Company
so shall indicate to such Holder contemporaneously with delivery of such notice, and in the absence of any such indication, the
Holder shall be allowed to presume that all matters relating to such notice do not constitute material, non-public information
relating to the Company or its Subsidiaries. Nothing contained in this Section 30 shall limit any obligations of the Company, or
any rights of the Holder, under Section 4(i) of the Securities Purchase Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in">[<I>signature page follows</I>]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the Company has caused this Note to be duly executed as of the Issuance Date set out above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -25.9pt"><B>PACIFIC
        ETHANOL, INC.</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -25.9pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -25.9pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -25.9pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -25.9pt">By:&#9;<FONT STYLE="font-variant: normal">_____________________________</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: normal"></FONT>Name:</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt">Title:</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Attest:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 17.1pt; text-indent: -17.1pt">By:_____________________________<BR>
Name:<BR>
Title:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 17.1pt; text-indent: -17.1pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">This is one of the Securities
of the series designated herein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture and First Supplemental Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dated: ________________, ____</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">U.S. Bank National Association,<BR>
as Trustee</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">By:_____________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Authorized Signatory</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>EXHIBIT I</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><BR>
<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>Pacific Ethanol, Inc.</B></FONT><BR>
<B>CONVERSION NOTICE</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Reference is made to
the Subordinated Convertible Note (the &ldquo;<B>Note</B>&rdquo;) issued to the undersigned by Pacific Ethanol, Inc. (the &ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;).
In accordance with and pursuant to the Note, the undersigned hereby elects to convert the Conversion Amount (as defined in the
Note) of the Note indicated below into shares of Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share (the &ldquo;<B>Common Stock</B>&rdquo;),
of the Company, as of the date specified below.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="5" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify">Date of Conversion:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="7" STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="11" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-left: 0.75in; text-align: justify">Aggregate Principal to be converted:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="11" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-left: 0.75in; text-align: justify">Aggregate <FONT STYLE="color: black">accrued and unpaid Interest with respect to such portion of the Aggregate Principal and such Aggregate Interest to be converted:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="11" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify">AGGREGATE CONVERSION AMOUNT<BR>
&nbsp;TO BE CONVERTED:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="12" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Please confirm the following information:</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="5" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify">Conversion Price:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="7" STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="10" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify">Number of shares of Common Stock to be issued:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="12" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Please issue the Common Stock into which the Note is being converted in the following name and to the following address:</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify">Issue to:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="9" STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-top: 6pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="9" STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 6pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-top: 6pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="9" STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 6pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify">Facsimile Number:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="9" STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify">Holder:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="9" STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-left: 1in; text-align: justify">By:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="9" STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-left: 94.5pt; text-align: justify">Title:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Dated:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="11" STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify">Account Number:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="9" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;&nbsp;(if electronic book entry transfer)</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="8" STYLE="padding-top: 12pt; padding-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify">Transaction Code Number:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="4" STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="9" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;&nbsp;(if
        electronic book entry transfer)</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="9" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Installment Amount(s) to be reduced (and corresponding Installment Date(s)) and amount of reduction:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: -2mm; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 54%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>EXHIBIT II</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>ACKNOWLEDGMENT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company hereby
acknowledges this Conversion Notice and hereby directs _________________ to issue the above indicated number of shares of Common
Stock in accordance with the Transfer Agent Instructions dated _____________, 2013 from the Company and acknowledged and agreed
to by ________________________.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: left; text-indent: -25.9pt"><B>PACIFIC
        ETHANOL, INC.</B></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -25.9pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -25.9pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -25.9pt">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -25.9pt">By:&#9;<FONT STYLE="font-variant: normal">_____________________________</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: normal"></FONT>Name:</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt">Title:</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>EXHIBIT III</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in; text-align: justify">FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned
hereby sell(s), assign(s) and transfer(s) unto <U>[NAME OF ASSIGNEE]</U> the within instrument of PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC. and
does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint [_________] Attorney to transfer said instrument on the books of the
within-named Company, with full power of substitution in the premises.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Please Insert Social Security or Other Identifying Number of
Assignee: ________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dated: ______________ ____, ___</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">By:_____________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 17.1pt">Name:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 17.1pt">Title:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>NOTICE: The signature to this assignment
must correspond with the name as written upon the face of the within instrument in every particular, without alteration or enlargement
or any change whatever.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>APPENDIX D</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">AND</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">Trustee</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">INDENTURE</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">DATED AS OF MARCH 28, 2013</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">CONVERTIBLE SUBORDINATED DEBT
SECURITIES</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>RECONCILIATION AND TIE BETWEEN TRUST
INDENTURE ACT OF 1939, AS AMENDED,</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>AND INDENTURE, DATED AS OF MARCH 28,
2013 </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 73%; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>TRUST INDENTURE ACT SECTION</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 25%; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>INDENTURE SECTION</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section 310(a)(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.9</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.9</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Not Applicable</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)(4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Not Applicable</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)(5)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.9</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.8</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section 311</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.13</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section 312(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">7.1, 7.2(a)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">7.2(b)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">7.2(c)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section 313(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">7.3</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">*</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">*</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">7.3</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section 314(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">7.4</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)(4)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">10.5</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Not Applicable</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.3</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.3</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Not Applicable</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Not Applicable</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.3</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section 315(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.1(a)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.2</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.1(b)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.1(c)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.1(a)(1)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.1(c)(2)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)(3)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">6.1(c)(3)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(e)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.14</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section 316(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.1, 1.2</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)(1)(A)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.2, 5.12</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)(1)(B)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.13</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Not Applicable</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.8</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(c)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.5(f)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section 317(a)(1)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.3</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(a)(2)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.4</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(b)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">10.3</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Section 318(a)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.8</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">NOTE: This reconciliation and tie shall not,
for any purpose, be deemed to be a part of the Indenture.</P>


<HR SIZE="1" NOSHADE ALIGN="LEFT" STYLE="width: 25%; color: black">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">* Deemed included pursuant to Section 318(c)
of the Trust Indenture Act</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B><U>TABLE OF CONTENTS</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 2.65pt 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">Page</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE ONE</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-7</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 71%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Definitions</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-7</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-14</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Compliance Certificates and Opinions</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-15</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.4</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-15</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.5</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Acts of Holders; Record Dates</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-16</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.6</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Notices, Etc., to Trustee and Company</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-17</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.7</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Notice to Holders; Waiver</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-18</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.8</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Conflict with Trust Indenture Act</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-18</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.9</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Effect of Headings and Table of Contents</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-18</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.10</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Successors and Assigns</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-18</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.11</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Separability Clause</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-18</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.12</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Benefits of Indenture</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-18</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.13</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Governing Law</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-19</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.14</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Legal Holidays</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-19</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.15</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Securities in a Composite Currency, Currency Unit or Foreign Currency</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-19</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.16</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Payment in Required Currency; Judgment Currency</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-20</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.17</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Language of Notices, Etc</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-20</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">1.18</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Incorporators, Shareholders, Officers and Directors of the Company Exempt from Individual Liability</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-20</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE TWO</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">SECURITY FORMS</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-20</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">2.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Forms Generally</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-20</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">2.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Form of Face of Security</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-21</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">2.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Form of Reverse of Security</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-24</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">2.4</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Global Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-28</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">2.5</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Form of Trustee&rsquo;s Certificate of Authentication</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-28</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE THREE</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">THE SECURITIES</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right"><P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">D-29</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">3.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-29</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">3.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Denominations</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-31</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">3.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-31</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">3.4</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Temporary Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-33</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">3.5</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-34</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">3.6</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-36</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">3.7</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-37</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">3.8</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Persons Deemed Owners</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-38</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">3.9</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Cancellation</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-38</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">3.10</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Computation of Interest</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-38</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">3.11</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">CUSIP or CINS Numbers</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-38</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


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    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE FOUR</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-39</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">4.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 71%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-39</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">4.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Application of Trust Money</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-40</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE FIVE</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">REMEDIES</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-40</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Events of Default</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-40</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-41</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-42</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.4</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Trustee May File Proofs of Claim</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-43</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.5</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-43</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.6</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Application of Money Collected</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-44</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.7</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Limitation on Suits</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-44</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.8</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and Interest</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-45</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.9</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Restoration of Rights and Remedies</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-45</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.10</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Rights and Remedies Cumulative</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-45</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.11</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Delay or Omission Not Waiver</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-45</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.12</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Control by Holders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-45</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.13</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Waiver of Past Defaults</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-46</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.14</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Undertaking for Costs</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-46</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">5.15</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-46</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE SIX</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">THE TRUSTEE</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-47</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Certain Duties and Responsibilities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-47</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Notice of Defaults</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-48</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Certain Rights of Trustee</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-48</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.4</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-49</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.5</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">May Hold Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-50</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.6</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Money Held in Trust</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-50</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.7</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Compensation and Reimbursement</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-50</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.8</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Disqualification; Conflicting Interests</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-50</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.9</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-51</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.10</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-51</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.11</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Acceptance of Appointment by Successor</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-52</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.12</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-53</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.13</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-54</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">6.14</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Appointment of Authenticating Agent</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-54</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE SEVEN</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">HOLDERS&rsquo; LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-56</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">7.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-56</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">7.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-56</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">7.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Reports by Trustee</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-57</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">7.4</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Reports by Company</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-57</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE EIGHT</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">CONSOLIDATION, AMALGAMATION, MERGER AND SALE</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-58</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">8.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 71%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Company May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-58</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">8.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Successor Substituted</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-58</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE NINE</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-59</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">9.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Without Consent of Holders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-59</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">9.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">With Consent of Holders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-61</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">9.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Execution of Supplemental Indentures</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-62</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">9.4</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Effect of Supplemental Indentures</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-62</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">9.5</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Conformity with Trust Indenture Act</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-63</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">9.6</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-63</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE TEN</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">COVENANTS</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-63</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">10.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-63</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">10.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Maintenance of Office or Agency</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-63</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">10.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Money for Securities Payments to be Held in Trust</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-64</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">10.4</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Existence</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-65</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">10.5</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Statement by Officers as to Default</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-65</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">10.6</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Additional Amounts</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-65</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE ELEVEN</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-66</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">11.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Applicability of Article</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-66</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">11.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-66</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">11.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Selection by Trustee of Securities to be Redeemed</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-66</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">11.4</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Notice of Redemption</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-67</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">11.5</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Deposit of Redemption Price</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-67</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">11.6</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Securities Payable on Redemption Date</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-67</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">11.7</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Securities Redeemed in Part</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-68</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE TWELVE</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">SINKING FUNDS</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-68</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">12.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Applicability of Article</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-68</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">12.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-68</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">12.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-69</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE THIRTEEN&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">DEFEASANCE</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-69</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">13.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-69</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">13.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Legal Defeasance and Discharge</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-69</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">13.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Covenant Defeasance</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-70</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">13.4</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-70</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">13.5</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Deposited Money and U.S. Government Obligations to be Held in Trust, Other Miscellaneous Provisions</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-72</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">13.6</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Repayment</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-72</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">13.7</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Reinstatement</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-72</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">ARTICLE FOURTEEN</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-73</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.1</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 71%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Securities Subordinated to Senior Debt</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-73</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.2</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">No Payment on Securities in Certain Circumstances</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-73</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.3</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Payment over Proceeds upon Dissolution, Etc</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-74</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.4</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Subrogation</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-76</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.5</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Obligations of Company Unconditional</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-76</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.6</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Notice to Trustee</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-77</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.7</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of Liquidating Agent</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-77</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.8</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Trustee&rsquo;s Relation to Senior Debt</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-78</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.9</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Subordination Rights Not Impaired by Acts or Omissions of the Company or Holders of Senior Debt</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-78</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.10</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Holders Authorize Trustee to Effectuate Subordination of Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-78</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.11</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Not to Prevent Events of Default</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-79</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.12</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Trustee&rsquo;s Compensation Not Prejudiced</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-79</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.13</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">No Waiver of Subordination Provisions</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-79</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(238,238,238)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.14</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Payments May Be Paid Prior to Dissolution</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-79</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">14.15</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: left">Trust Moneys Not Subordinated</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 2.65pt; text-align: right">D-79</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 2.65pt 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">INDENTURE</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">INDENTURE, dated
as of March 28, 2013, between PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC., a corporation duly organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware
(herein called the &ldquo;<U>Company</U>&rdquo;) and U.S BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association organized under
the laws of the United States, as trustee (the &ldquo;<U>Trustee</U>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">RECITALS</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">WHEREAS, the Company
has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured
subordinated debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (herein called the &ldquo;<U>Securities</U>&rdquo;), to be issued
in one or more series as provided in this Indenture;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">WHEREAS, all things
necessary to make this Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">WHEREAS, this Indenture
is subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act that are required to be a part of this Indenture and, to the extent applicable,
shall be governed by such provisions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">NOW, THEREFORE,
in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed,
for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities or of series thereof, as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
One</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>DEFINITIONS AND OTHER PROVISIONS OF GENERAL APPLICATION</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Definitions</U>.
For all purposes of this Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article and include the plural as well as the
singular;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>all terms used in this Indenture that are defined in the Trust Indenture Act, defined by a Trust Indenture Act reference
to another statute or defined by an SEC rule under the Trust Indenture Act have the meanings so assigned to them;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with GAAP;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the words &ldquo;<U>herein,</U>&rdquo; &ldquo;<U>hereof</U>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<U>hereunder</U>&rdquo; and other words of
similar import refer to this Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the words &ldquo;<U>Article</U>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<U>Section</U>&rdquo; refer to an Article and Section, respectively, of
this Indenture; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the word &ldquo;<U>includes</U>&rdquo; and its derivatives means &ldquo;<U>includes, but is not limited to</U>&rdquo; and
corresponding derivative definitions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Certain terms, used
principally in Article Six, are defined in that Article.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Act,</U>&rdquo;
when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in <U>Section&nbsp;1.5</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Additional
Defeasible Provision</U>&rdquo; means a covenant or other provision contained that is (a) made part of this Indenture pursuant
to a supplemental indenture hereto, a Board Resolution or an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate delivered pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>,
and (b) pursuant to the terms set forth in such supplemental indenture, Board Resolution or Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, made subject
to the provisions of Article Thirteen.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Affiliate</U>&rdquo;
of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect
common control with such specified Person. For purposes of this definition, &ldquo;<U>control,</U>&rdquo; as used with respect
to any Person, means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or
policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by agreement or otherwise. For purposes of this definition,
the terms &ldquo;<U>controlling,</U>&rdquo; &ldquo;<U>controlled by</U>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<U>under common control with</U>&rdquo;
have correlative meanings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Authenticating
Agent</U>&rdquo; means any Person authorized by the Trustee to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Banking
Day</U>&rdquo; means, in respect of any city, any date on which commercial banks are open for business in that city.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Bankruptcy
Law</U>&rdquo; means any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization or other similar law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Board
of Directors</U>&rdquo; means the board of directors of the Company or any duly authorized committee of that board to which the
powers of that board have been lawfully delegated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Board
Resolution</U>&rdquo; means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Company, the principal
financial officer of the Company, any other authorized officer of the Company, or a person duly authorized by any of them, in each
case as applicable, to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors and to be in full force and effect on the date of such
certification, and delivered to the Trustee. Where any provision of this Indenture refers to action to be taken pursuant to a Board
Resolution (including the establishment of any series of the Securities and the forms and terms thereof), such action may be taken
by any committee, officer or employee of the Company authorized to take such action by the Board of Directors as evidenced by a
Board Resolution.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Business
Day,</U>&rdquo; when used with respect to any Place of Payment or other location, means, except as otherwise provided as contemplated
by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> with respect to any series of Securities, each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which
is not a day on which banking institutions in that Place of Payment or other location are authorized or obligated by law, executive
order or regulation to close.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>CINS</U>&rdquo;
means the CUSIP International Numbering System.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Code</U>&rdquo;
means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Company</U>&rdquo;
means the Person named as the &ldquo;<U>Company</U>&rdquo; in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor or resulting
corporation shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter &ldquo;<U>Company</U>&rdquo;
shall mean such successor or resulting corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Company
Request</U>&rdquo; or &ldquo;<U>Company Order</U>&rdquo; means, in the case of the Company, a written request or order signed in
the name of the Company by its Chairman of the Board, its Chief Executive Officer, its Chief Financial Officer, its Chief Operating
Officer, its President, any of its Vice Presidents or any other duly authorized officer of the Company or any person duly authorized
by any of them, and delivered to the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Corporate
Trust Office</U>&rdquo; means the office of the Trustee at its address specified in <U>Section&nbsp;1.6</U> or such other address
as to which the Trustee may give notice to the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>corporation</U>&rdquo;
includes corporations, companies, associations, partnerships, limited partnerships, limited liability companies, joint-stock companies
and trusts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Covenant
Defeasance</U>&rdquo; has the meaning specified in <U>Section&nbsp;13.3</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>CUSIP</U>&rdquo;
means the Committee on Uniform Securities Identification Procedures.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Custodian</U>&rdquo;
means any receiver, trustee, assignee, liquidator or similar official under any Bankruptcy Law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Debt</U>&rdquo;
means any obligation created or assumed by any Person for the repayment of money borrowed and any purchase money obligation created
or assumed by such Person and any guarantee of the foregoing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Default</U>&rdquo;
means, with respect to a series of Securities, any event that is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would be, an Event of
Default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Defaulted
Interest</U>&rdquo; has the meaning specified in <U>Section&nbsp;3.7</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Definitive
Security</U>&rdquo; means a security other than a Global Security or a temporary Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Depositary</U>&rdquo;
means, with respect to the Securities of any series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities,
a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act that is designated to act as Depositary for such Securities as contemplated
by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>, until a successor Depositary shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture,
and thereafter shall mean or include each Person which is a Depositary hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such
Person, shall be a collective reference to such Persons.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Designated
Senior Debt</U>&rdquo; shall have the meaning given to such term in any Board Resolution or indenture supplemental hereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Dollar</U>&rdquo;
or &ldquo;<U>$</U>&rdquo; means the coin or currency of the United States of America, which at the time of payment is legal tender
for the payment of public and private debts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Event
of Default</U>&rdquo; has the meaning specified in <U>Section&nbsp;5.1</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Exchange
Act</U>&rdquo; means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Foreign
Currency</U>&rdquo; means a currency used by the government of a country other than the United States of America.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>GAAP</U>&rdquo;
means generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America as in effect from time to time, including those
set forth in the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
and statements and pronouncements of the Financial Accounting Standards Board or in such other statements by such other entity
as approved by a significant segment of the accounting profession. All ratios and computations based on GAAP contained in this
Indenture will be computed in conformity with GAAP.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Global
Security</U>&rdquo; means a Security in global form that evidences all or part of a series of Securities and is authenticated and
delivered to, and registered in the name of, the Depositary for the Securities of such series or its nominee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Holder</U>&rdquo;
means a Person in whose name a Security is registered in the Security Register.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Indenture</U>&rdquo;
means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures
supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof, including, for all purposes of this instrument,
and any such supplemental indenture, the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act that are deemed to be part of and govern this instrument
and any such supplemental indenture, respectively. The term &ldquo;<U>Indenture</U>&rdquo; also shall include the terms of particular
series of Securities established as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>interest,</U>&rdquo;
when used with respect to an Original Issue Discount Security which by its terms bears interest only after Maturity, means interest
payable after Maturity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Interest
Payment Date,</U>&rdquo; when used with respect to any Security, means the Stated Maturity of an installment of interest on such
Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Judgment
Currency</U>&rdquo; has the meaning specified in <U>Section&nbsp;1.16</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Legal
Defeasance</U>&rdquo; has the meaning specified in <U>Section&nbsp;13.2</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>mandatory
sinking fund payment</U>&rdquo; has the meaning specified in <U>Section&nbsp;12.1</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Maturity,</U>&rdquo;
when used with respect to any Security, means the date on which the principal of such Security or an installment of principal becomes
due and payable as therein or herein provided, whether at the Stated Maturity or by declaration of acceleration, call for redemption
or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Notice
of Default</U>&rdquo; means a written notice of the kind specified in <U>Section&nbsp;5.1(d)</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Officer&rsquo;s
Certificate</U>&rdquo; means, in the case of the Company, a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive
Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Chief Operating Officer, the President, any Vice President or any other duly authorized
officer of the Company, or a person duly authorized by any of them, and delivered to the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Opinion
of Counsel</U>&rdquo; means a written opinion of counsel, who may be an employee of or counsel for the Company and who shall be
reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>optional
sinking fund payment</U>&rdquo; has the meaning specified in <U>Section&nbsp;12.1</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Original
Issue Discount Security</U>&rdquo; means any Security which provides for an amount less than the principal amount thereof to be
due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;5.2</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Outstanding,</U>&rdquo;
when used with respect to Securities, means, as of the date of determination, all Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture, except:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(a)&#9;Securities
theretofore canceled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(b)&#9;Securities
for whose payment or redemption money in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent
(other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying
Agent) for the Holders of such Securities; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice
of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Indenture or provision therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(c)&#9;Securities
which have been paid pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;3.6</U> or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated
and delivered pursuant to this Indenture, other than any such Securities in respect of which there shall have been presented to
the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands such Securities are
valid obligations of the Company; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(d)&#9;Securities,
except to the extent provided in <U>Section&nbsp;13.2</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;13.3</U>, with respect to which the Company has effected
Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance as provided in Article Thirteen, which Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance then continues
in effect;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that
in determining whether the Holders of the requisite principal amount of the Outstanding Securities have given any request, demand,
authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, (i) the principal amount of an Original Issue Discount Security
that shall be deemed to be Outstanding shall be the amount of the principal thereof that would be due and payable as of the date
of such determination upon acceleration of the Maturity thereof on such date pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;5.2</U>, (ii) the principal
amount of a Security denominated in one or more currencies or currency units other than U.S. dollars shall be the U.S. dollar equivalent
of such currencies or currency units, determined in the manner provided as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> on the date
of original issuance of such Security or by <U>Section&nbsp;1.15</U>, if not otherwise so provided pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>,
of the principal amount (or, in the case of an Original Issue Discount Security, the U.S. dollar equivalent (as so determined)
on the date of original issuance of such Security of the amount determined as provided in clause (i) above) of such Security, and
(iii) Securities owned by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other
obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding, except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected
in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Securities which the Trustee
knows to be so owned shall be so disregarded. Securities so owned as described in clause (iii) of the immediately preceding sentence
which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee
the pledgee&rsquo;s right to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon
the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Paying
Agent</U>&rdquo; means any Person authorized by the Company to pay the principal of and any premium or interest on any Securities
on behalf of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Periodic
Offering</U>&rdquo; means an offering of Securities of a series from time to time, the specific terms of which Securities, including,
without limitation, the rate or rates of interest or formula for determining the rate or rates of interest thereon, if any, the
Stated Maturity or Stated Maturities thereof, the original issue date or dates thereof, the redemption provisions, if any, with
respect thereto, and any other terms specified as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> with respect thereto, are to be determined
by the Company upon the issuance of such Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Person</U>&rdquo;
means any individual, corporation, company, limited liability company, partnership, limited partnership, joint venture, association,
joint-stock company, trust, other entity, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Place
of Payment,</U>&rdquo; when used with respect to the Securities of any series, means, unless otherwise specifically provided for
with respect to such series as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>, the office or agency of the Company in the City of St.
Paul, Minnesota and such other place or places where, subject to the provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;10.2</U>, the principal of and
any premium and interest on the Securities of that series are payable as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Predecessor
Security</U>&rdquo; of any particular Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same debt as that
evidenced by such particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under
<U>Section&nbsp;3.6</U> in exchange for or in lieu of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence
the same debt as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Redemption
Date,</U>&rdquo; when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant
to this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Redemption
Price,</U>&rdquo; when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant
to this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Regular
Record Date</U>&rdquo; for the interest payable on any Interest Payment Date on the Securities of any series means the date specified
for that purpose as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Required
Currency</U>&rdquo; has the meaning specified in <U>Section&nbsp;1.16</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Responsible
Officer</U>&rdquo; when used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer within the Corporate Trust Administration of the Trustee
(or any successor group of the Trustee) or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed
by any of the above designated officers and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer
to whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>SEC</U>&rdquo;
means the Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time
after the execution of this instrument such commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust
Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Securities</U>&rdquo;
has the meaning stated in the first recital of this Indenture and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered
under this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Security
Register</U>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<U>Security Registrar</U>&rdquo; have the respective meanings specified in <U>Section&nbsp;3.5</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Senior
Debt</U>&rdquo; means (a) all Debt of the Company, whether currently outstanding or hereafter issued, unless, by the terms of the
instrument creating or evidencing such Debt, it is provided that such Debt is not superior in right of payment to the Securities,
and (b) any modifications, refunding, deferrals, renewals or extensions of any such Debt or securities, notes or other evidence
of Debt issued in exchange for such Debt; provided that in no event shall &ldquo;<U>Senior Debt</U>&rdquo; include (i) Debt of
the Company owed or owing to any Subsidiary of the Company or any officer, director or employee of the Company or any Subsidiary
of the Company, (ii) Debt to trade creditors or (iii) any liability for taxes owned or owing by the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Significant
Subsidiary</U>&rdquo; means any Subsidiary that would be a &ldquo;<U>Significant Subsidiary</U>&rdquo; of the Company within the
meaning of Rule 1-02 under Regulation S-X promulgated by the SEC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Special
Record Date</U>&rdquo; for the payment of any Defaulted Interest means a date fixed by the Trustee pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;3.7</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Stated
Maturity,</U>&rdquo; when used with respect to any Security or any installment of principal thereof or interest thereon, means
the date specified in such Security as the fixed date on which the principal of such Security or such installment of principal
or interest is due and payable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Subsidiary</U>&rdquo;
means (a) a corporation more than 50% of the outstanding voting stock of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by the Company
or by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by the Company and one or more other Subsidiaries or (b) any partnership or similar business
organization more than 50% of the ownership interests having ordinary voting power of which shall at the time be so owned. For
the purposes of this definition, &ldquo;<U>voting stock</U>&rdquo; means capital stock or equity interests which ordinarily have
voting power for the election of directors, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has such voting power
by reason of any contingency.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Trustee</U>&rdquo;
means the Person named as the &ldquo;<U>Trustee</U>&rdquo; in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor Trustee
shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Indenture, and thereafter &ldquo;<U>Trustee</U>&rdquo; shall
mean or include each Person who is then a Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, &ldquo;<U>Trustee</U>&rdquo;
as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean the Trustee with respect to Securities of that series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Trust
Indenture Act</U>&rdquo; means the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended, as in force at the date as of which this instrument
was executed, except as provided in <U>Section&nbsp;9.5</U>; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that if the Trust Indenture Act of
1939 is amended after such date, &ldquo;<U>Trust Indenture Act</U>&rdquo; means, to the extent required by any such amendment,
the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as so amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>U.S. Person</U>&rdquo;
shall have the meaning assigned to such term in <U>Section&nbsp;7701(a)(30)</U> of the Code.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>U.S. Government
Obligations</U>&rdquo; means securities which are (a) direct obligations of the United States for the payment of which its full
faith and credit is pledged, or (b) obligations of a Person controlled or supervised by and acting as an agency or instrumentality
of the United States, the payment of which is unconditionally guaranteed as a full faith and credit obligation by the United States,
each of which are not callable or redeemable at the option of the issuer thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&ldquo;<U>Vice President,</U>&rdquo;
when used with respect to the Company or the Trustee, means any vice president, regardless of whether designated by a number or
a word or words added before or after the title &ldquo;<U>vice president.</U>&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Incorporation by Reference of Trust Indenture Act</U>. Whenever this Indenture refers to a provision of the Trust Indenture
Act, the provision is incorporated by reference in and made a part of this Indenture. The following Trust Indenture Act terms used
in this Indenture have the following meanings:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<U>commission</U>&rdquo;
means the SEC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<U>indenture
securities</U>&rdquo; means the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<U>indenture
security holder</U>&rdquo; means a Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<U>indenture
to be qualified</U>&rdquo; means this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<U>indenture
trustee</U>&rdquo; or &ldquo;<U>institutional trustee</U>&rdquo; means the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&ldquo;<U>obligor</U>&rdquo;
on the indenture securities means the Company or any other obligor on the indenture securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">All terms used in
this Indenture that are defined by the Trust Indenture Act, defined by a Trust Indenture Act reference to another statute or defined
by an SEC rule under the Trust Indenture Act have the meanings so assigned to them.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.3<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Compliance Certificates and Opinions</U>. Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action
under any provision of this Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate stating that all
conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion
of Counsel stating that in the opinion of such counsel all such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that
in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision
of this Indenture relating to such particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished except
as required under <U>Section&nbsp;314(c)</U> of the Trust Indenture Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Every certificate
or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Indenture (except for certificates provided
for in <U>Section&nbsp;10.5)</U> shall include:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>a statement that each individual signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions
herein relating thereto;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained
in such certificate or opinion are based;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>a statement that, in the opinion of each such individual, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary
to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether such covenant or condition has been complied with; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such individual, such condition or covenant has been complied with.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.4<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee</U>. In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered
by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of,
only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an
opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or
give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Any certificate
or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of,
or representations by, counsel, unless such officer knows or, in the exercise of reasonable care, should know that the certificate
or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such
certificate or opinion of counsel may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or
representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is
in the possession of the Company unless such counsel knows that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to such
matters are erroneous.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Where any Person
is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other
instruments under this Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.5<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Acts of Holders; Record Dates</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided by this Indenture to be
given or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed (either
physically or by means of a facsimile or an electronic transmission, provided that such electronic transmission is transmitted
through the facilities of a Depositary) by such Holders in person or by agent duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein
otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Trustee
and, where it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and
evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the &ldquo;<U>Act</U>&rdquo; of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments.
Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this
Indenture and (subject to <U>Section&nbsp;315</U> of the Trust Indenture Act) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company,
if made in the manner provided in this Section.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness
of such execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying
that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. Where such execution is by a
signer acting in a capacity other than his individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient
proof of his authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing
the same, may also be proved in any other manner which the Trustee deems sufficient.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The ownership, principal amount and serial numbers of Securities held by any Person, and the date of commencement of such
Person&rsquo;s holding of same, shall be proved by the Security Register.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall
bind every future Holder of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof
or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee or the Company
in reliance thereon, regardless of whether notation of such action is made upon such Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Without limiting the foregoing, a Holder entitled to give or take any action hereunder with regard to any particular Security
may do so with regard to all or any part of the principal amount of such Security or by one or more duly appointed agents each
of which may do so pursuant to such appointment with regard to all or any different part of such principal amount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Company may set any day as the record date for the purpose of determining the Holders of Outstanding Securities of any
series entitled to give or take any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act provided or
permitted by this Indenture to be given or taken by Holders of Securities of such series, but the Company shall have no obligation
to do so. With regard to any record date set pursuant to this paragraph, the Holders of Outstanding Securities of the relevant
series on such record date (or their duly appointed agents), and only such Persons, shall be entitled to give or take the relevant
action, regardless of whether such Holders remain Holders after such record date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.6<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Notices, Etc., to Trustee and Company</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Any notice or communication by the Company or the Trustee to the others is duly given if in writing and delivered in Person
or mailed by first class mail (registered or certified, return receipt requested), telecopier or overnight air courier guaranteeing
next day delivery, to the others&rsquo; address:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify">If to the Company:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify">Pacific Ethanol, Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify">400 Capitol Mall, Suite 2060</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify">Sacramento, CA 95035</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify">Facsimile: (916) 446-3937</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify">Attention: General Counsel</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify">If to the Trustee:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify">U.S. Bank National Association, as
Trustee</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify">Global Corporate Trust Services</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify">One California Street, Suite 1000</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify">San Francisco, CA 94111</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify">Attn: A. Fung (Pacific Ethanol)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify">Facsimile: (415) 677-3769</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Company or the Trustee, by notice to the others, may designate additional or different addresses for subsequent notices
or communications.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>All notices and communications (other than those sent to Holders) shall be deemed to have been duly given: at the time delivered
by hand, if personally delivered; three Business Days after being deposited in the mail, postage prepaid, if mailed; when receipt
acknowledged, if telecopied; and the next Business Day after timely delivery to the courier, if sent by overnight air courier guaranteeing
next day delivery.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.7<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Notice to Holders; Waiver</U>. Where this Indenture provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be
sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each
Holder affected by such event, at his address as it appears in the Security Register, not later than the latest date, and not earlier
than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice. In any case where notice to Holders is given by mail, neither
the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency
of such notice with respect to other Holders. Any notice mailed to a Holder in the manner herein prescribed shall be conclusively
deemed to have been received by such Holder, regardless of whether such Holder actually receives such notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Where this Indenture
provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before
or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the
Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In case by reason
of the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail,
then such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose
hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.8<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Conflict with Trust Indenture Act</U>. If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with a provision of the
Trust Indenture Act that is required under such Act to be a part of and govern this Indenture, the latter provision shall control.
If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the Trust Indenture Act that may be so modified or excluded,
the latter provision shall be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified or excluded, as the case may be.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.9<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Effect of Headings and Table of Contents</U>. The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for
convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.10<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Successors and Assigns</U>. All covenants and agreements in this Indenture by the Company shall bind their respective
successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.11<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Separability Clause</U>. In case any provision in this Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable,
the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.12<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Benefits of Indenture</U>. Nothing in this Indenture or in the Securities express or implied, shall give to any Person,
other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder, the holders of Senior Debt and the Holders, any benefit or any legal
or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.13<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Governing Law</U>. THIS INDENTURE AND THE SECURITIES SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF
THE STATE OF NEW YORK.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.14<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Legal Holidays</U>. In any case where any Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity of any Security shall
not be a Business Day at any Place of Payment, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Indenture or of the Securities
(other than a provision of the Securities of any series that specifically states that such provision shall apply in lieu of this
<U>Section&nbsp;1.14))</U> payment of interest or principal and any premium need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date,
but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment with the same force and effect as if made on the Interest
Payment Date or Redemption Date, or at the Stated Maturity, provided that no interest shall accrue for the period from and after
such Interest Payment Date, Redemption Date or Stated Maturity, as the case may be.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.15<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Securities in a Composite Currency, Currency Unit or Foreign Currency</U>. Unless otherwise specified in an Officer&rsquo;s
Certificate delivered pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> of this Indenture with respect to a particular series of Securities,
whenever for purposes of this Indenture any action may be taken by the Holders of a specified percentage in aggregate principal
amount of Securities of all series or all series affected by a particular action at the time Outstanding and, at such time, there
are Outstanding Securities of any series which are denominated in a coin, currency or currencies other than Dollars (including,
but not limited to, any composite currency, currency units or Foreign Currency), then the principal amount of Securities of such
series which shall be deemed to be Outstanding for the purpose of taking such action shall be that amount of Dollars that could
be obtained for such amount at the Market Exchange Rate. For purposes of this <U>Section&nbsp;1.15</U>, the term &ldquo;<U>Market
Exchange Rate</U>&rdquo; shall mean the noon Dollar buying rate in The City of New York for cable transfers of such currency or
currencies as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, as of the most recent available date. If such Market Exchange
Rate is not so available for any reason with respect to such currency, the Trustee shall use, in its sole discretion and without
liability on its part, such quotation of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as of the most recent available date, or quotations
or rates of exchange from one or more major banks in The City of New York or in the country of issue of the currency in question,
which for purposes of euros shall be Brussels, Belgium, or such other quotations or rates of exchange as the Trustee shall deem
appropriate. The provisions of this paragraph shall apply in determining the equivalent principal amount in respect of Securities
of a series denominated in a currency other than Dollars in connection with any action taken by Holders of Securities pursuant
to the terms of this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">All decisions and
determinations of the Trustee regarding the Market Exchange Rate or any alternative determination provided for in the preceding
paragraph shall be in its sole discretion and shall, in the absence of manifest error, be conclusive to the extent permitted by
law for all purposes and irrevocably binding upon the Issuer and all Holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.16<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Payment in Required Currency; Judgment Currency</U>. The Company agrees, to the fullest extent that it may effectively
do so under applicable law, that (a) if for the purpose of obtaining judgment in any court it is necessary to convert the sum due
in respect of the principal of or interest on the Securities of any series (the &ldquo;<U>Required Currency</U>&rdquo;) into a
currency in which a judgment will be rendered (the &ldquo;<U>Judgment Currency</U>&rdquo;), the rate of exchange used shall be
the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in The City of New York the Required
Currency with the Judgment Currency on the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered, unless such day is not a Banking
Day, then, to the extent permitted by applicable law, the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal
banking procedures the Trustee could purchase in The City of New York the Required Currency with the Judgment Currency on the Banking
Day next preceding the day on which final unappealable judgment is entered and (b) its obligations under this Indenture to make
payments in the Required Currency (i) shall not be discharged or satisfied by any tender, or any recovery pursuant to any judgment
(regardless of whether entered in accordance with subclause (a)), in any currency other than the Required Currency, except to the
extent that such tender or recovery shall result in the actual receipt, by the payee, of the full amount of the Required Currency
expressed to be payable in respect of such payments, (ii) shall be enforceable as an alternative or additional cause of action
for the purpose of recovering in the Required Currency the amount, if any, by which such actual receipt shall fall short of the
full amount of the Required Currency so expressed to be payable and (iii) shall not be affected by judgment being obtained for
any other sum due under this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.17<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Language of Notices, Etc</U>. Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act required
or permitted under this Indenture shall be in the English language, except that any published notice may be in an official language
of the country of publication.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.18<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Incorporators, Shareholders, Officers and Directors of the Company Exempt from Individual Liability</U>. No recourse
under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of or contained in this Indenture or of or contained in any Security or for
any claim based thereon or otherwise in respect thereof, or in any Security or because of the creation of any indebtedness represented
thereby, shall be had against any incorporator, stockholder, member, officer, manager or director, as such, past, present or future,
of the Company or any successor Person, either directly or through the Company or any successor Person, whether by virtue of any
constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise, it being expressly understood
that all such liability is hereby expressly waived and released as a condition of, and as a part of the consideration for, the
execution of this Indenture and the issue of the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
Two</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>SECURITY FORMS</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">2.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Forms Generally</U>. The Securities of each series shall be in substantially the form set forth in this Article Two,
or in such other form or forms as shall be established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution or in one or more indentures supplemental
hereto, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted
by this Indenture, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed
thereon as may be required to comply with the rules of any securities exchange or as may, consistently herewith, be determined
by the officers executing such Securities as evidenced by their execution thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The definitive Securities
shall be printed, lithographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or may be produced in any other manner, all as determined
by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution thereof. If the form of Securities of any series is
established by action taken pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action shall be certified by
an authorized officer or other authorized person on behalf of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery
of the Company Order contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.3</U> for the authentication and delivery of such Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The forms of Global
Securities of any series shall have such provisions and legends as are customary for Securities of such series in global form,
including without limitation any legend required by the Depositary for the Securities of such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">2.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Form of Face of Security</U>. <B>[If the Security is an Original Issue Discount Security, insert&mdash;FOR PURPOSES OF
SECTION 1275 OF THE UNITED STATES INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED, THE AMOUNT OF THE ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT IS _______________,
THE ISSUE DATE IS _______________, 20__ [AND]</B> <B>[_____,]</B> THE YIELD TO MATURITY IS _______________ <B>[_____,]</B> <B>[AND
THE ORIGINAL ISSUE DISCOUNT FOR THE SHORT ACCRUAL PERIOD IS _______________ AND THE METHOD USED TO DETERMINE THE YIELD THEREFOR
IS _______________]</B>]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[Insert any other legend required
by the Code or the regulations thereunder.]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If a Global Security,&mdash;insert
legend required by Section&nbsp;2.4 of the Indenture]</B> <B>[If applicable, insert &mdash;UNLESS THIS SECURITY IS PRESENTED BY
AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY, A NEW YORK CORPORATION, TO THE COMPANY OR ITS AGENT FOR REGISTRATION
OF TRANSFER, EXCHANGE OR PAYMENT, AND ANY SECURITY ISSUED IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF CEDE &amp; CO. OR SUCH OTHER NAME AS IS
REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY (AND ANY PAYMENT IS MADE TO CEDE &amp; CO. OR TO SUCH
OTHER ENTITY AS IS REQUESTED BY AN AUTHORIZED REPRESENTATIVE OF THE DEPOSITORY TRUST COMPANY), ANY TRANSFER, PLEDGE OR OTHER USE
HEREOF FOR VALUE OR OTHERWISE BY OR TO ANY PERSON IS WRONGFUL SINCE THE REGISTERED OWNER HEREOF, CEDE &amp; CO., HAS AN INTEREST
HEREIN.]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center">[TITLE OF SECURITY]</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 34%; padding-top: 12pt; text-align: justify">No _______________</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; padding-top: 12pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; padding-top: 12pt; text-align: right">U.S. $__________</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[CUSIP No. ________]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify">PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC., a company duly
incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware (herein called the &ldquo;<U>Company,</U>&rdquo; which term includes any successor
or resulting Person under the Indenture hereinafter referred to), for value received, hereby promises to pay to _______________,
or registered assigns, the principal sum of _______________ United States Dollars on _______________. <B>[If the Security is to
bear interest prior to Maturity, insert&mdash;, and to pay interest thereon from _______________ or from the most recent Interest
Payment Date to which interest has been paid or duly provided for, semi-annually on _______________ and _______________ in each
year, commencing _______________, at the rate of _____% per annum, until the principal hereof is paid or made available for payment
[if applicable, insert&mdash;, and at the rate of _____% per annum on any overdue principal and premium and on any installment
of interest (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable)]</B>. The interest so payable, and punctually
paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date will, as provided in such Indenture, be paid to the Person in whose name
this Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such
interest, which shall be the _______________ or _______________ (regardless of whether a Business Day), as the case may be, next
preceding such Interest Payment Date. Any such interest not so punctually paid or duly provided for will forthwith cease to be
payable to the Holder on such Regular Record Date and may either be paid to the Person in whose name this Security (or one or more
Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest
to be fixed by the Trustee, notice whereof shall be given to Holders of Securities of this series not less than 10 days prior to
such Special Record Date, or be paid at any time in any other lawful manner not inconsistent with the requirements of any securities
exchange on which the Securities of this series may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required by such exchange, all as
more fully provided in said Indenture].</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If the Security is not to bear interest
prior to Maturity, insert&mdash;The principal of this Security shall not bear interest except in the case of a default in payment
of principal upon acceleration, upon redemption or at Stated Maturity and in such case the overdue principal of this Security shall
bear interest at the rate of _____% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), which
shall accrue from the date of such default in payment to the date payment of such principal has been made or duly provided for.
Interest on any overdue principal shall be payable on demand. Any such interest on any overdue principal that is not so paid on
demand shall bear interest at the rate of _____% per annum (to the extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable),
which shall accrue from the date of such demand for payment to the date payment of such interest has been made or duly provided
for, and such interest shall also be payable on demand.]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If a Global Security, insert&mdash;Payment
of the principal of (and premium, if any) and [if applicable, insert&mdash;any such]</B> interest on this Security will be made
by transfer of immediately available funds to a bank account in _______________ designated by the Holder in such coin or currency
of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts <B>[state other
currency]</B>.]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If a Definitive Security, insert&mdash;Payment
of the principal of (and premium, if any) and [if applicable, insert&mdash;any such]</B> interest on this Security will be made
at the office or agency of the Company maintained for that purpose in _______________, in such coin or currency of the United States
of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and private debts] <B>[state other currency]</B> <B>[or
subject to any laws or regulations applicable thereto and to the right of the Company (as provided in the Indenture) to rescind
the designation of any such Paying Agent, at the [main]</B> offices of _______________ in _______________, or at such other offices
or agencies as the Company may designate, by <B>[United States Dollar]</B> <B>[state other currency]</B> check drawn on, or transfer
to a <B>[United States Dollar]</B> account maintained by the payee with, a bank in The City of New York (so long as the applicable
Paying Agency has received proper transfer instructions in writing at least _____ days prior to the payment date)] <B>[if applicable,
insert&mdash;; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that payment of interest may be made at the option of the Company by [United States
Dollar]</B> <B>[state other currency]</B> check mailed to the addresses of the Persons entitled thereto as such addresses shall
appear in the Security Register] <B>[or by transfer to a [United States Dollar]</B> <B>[state other currency]</B> account maintained
by the payee with a bank in The City of New York <B>[state other Place of Payment]</B> (so long as the applicable Paying Agent
has received proper transfer instructions in writing by the record date prior to the applicable Interest Payment Date)].]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify">Reference is hereby made to the further
provisions of this Security set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect
as if set forth at this place.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify">Unless the certificate of authentication
hereon has been executed by the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof by manual signature, this Security shall not be entitled
to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Date _______________________</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">2.3<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Form of Reverse of Security</U>. This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of subordinated securities of the Company
(herein called the &ldquo;<U>Securities</U>&rdquo;), issued and to be issued in one or more series under an Indenture, dated as
of _______________, 20__ (herein called the &ldquo;<U>Indenture</U>&rdquo;), between the Company and [TRUSTEE] (herein called the
&ldquo;<U>Trustee,</U>&rdquo; which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), to which Indenture and all indentures
supplemental thereto reference is hereby made for a statement, of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities
thereunder of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are
to be, authenticated and delivered. As provided in the Indenture, the Securities may be issued in one or more series, which different
series may be issued in various aggregate principal amounts, may mature at different times, may bear interest, if any, at different
rates, may be subject to different redemption provisions, if any, may be subject to different sinking, purchase or analogous funds,
if any, may be subject to different covenants and Events of Default and may otherwise vary as in the Indenture provided or permitted.
This Security is one of the series designated on the face hereof <B>[, limited in aggregate principal amount to $_______________]</B>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This security is
the general, unsecured, subordinated obligation of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>[If applicable,
insert&mdash;The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than _____ days&rsquo; notice by mail, [if applicable,
insert, &mdash;(1) on _______________ in any year commencing with the year _____ and ending with the year _____ through operation
of the sinking fund for this series at a Redemption Price equal to 100% of the principal amount, and (2) ]</B> at any time <B>[on
or after _______________, 20__]</B>, as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the following Redemption Prices
(expressed as percentages of the principal amount): If redeemed <B>[on or before _______________, _____%, and if redeemed]</B>
during the 12-month period beginning _______________ of the years indicated,</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 25%; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0pt; text-align: justify"><B><U>Year</U></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 25%; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><B><U>Redemption
    Price</U></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 25%; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><B><U>Year</U></B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 25%; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify"><B><U>Redemption
    Price</U></B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify">and thereafter at a Redemption Price
equal to % of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption <B>[if applicable, insert&mdash;(whether through
operation of the sinking fund or otherwise)]</B> with accrued interest to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose
Stated Maturity is on or prior to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor
Securities, of record at the close of business on the relevant record dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in
the Indenture.]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If applicable, insert&mdash;The
Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than _____ nor more than _____ days&rsquo; notice by mail, (1)
on _______________ in any year commencing with the year and ending with the year _____ through operation of the sinking fund for
this series at the Redemption Prices for redemption through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages of the principal
amount) set forth in the table below, and (2) at anytime [on or after _______________]</B>, as a whole or in part, at the election
of the Company, at the Redemption Prices for redemption otherwise than through operation of the sinking fund (expressed as percentages
of the principal amount) set forth in the table below: If redeemed during the 12-month period beginning _______________ of the
years indicated,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 32%; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Year</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 32%; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Redemption
    Price for Redemption Through </B></FONT><BR>
    <FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Operation of the Sinking Fund</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 32%; padding-top: 12pt; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Redemption
    Price for Redemption Otherwise Than Through Operation of the Sinking Fund</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify">and thereafter at a Redemption Price
equal to _____% of the principal amount, together in the case of any such redemption (whether through operation of the sinking
fund or otherwise) with accrued interest to the Redemption Date, but interest installments whose Stated Maturity is on or prior
to such Redemption Date will be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or one or more Predecessor Securities, of record at
the close of business on the relevant record dates referred to on the face hereof, all as provided in the Indenture.]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If applicable, insert&mdash;Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the Company may not, prior to _______________, redeem any Securities of this series as contemplated by [clause (2)
of]</B> the preceding paragraph as a part of, or in anticipation of, any refunding operation by the application, directly or indirectly,
of moneys borrowed having an interest cost to the Company (calculated in accordance with generally accepted financial practice)
of less than _____% per annum.]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If applicable, insert&mdash;The
sinking fund for this series provides for the redemption on _______________ in each year beginning with the year _____ and ending
with the year _____ of [not less than]</B> $__________ <B>[(&ldquo;</B><U>mandatory sinking fund</U><B>&rdquo;) and not more than
$__________]</B> aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series. <B>[Securities of this series acquired or redeemed by
the Company otherwise than through [mandatory]</B> sinking fund payments may be credited against subsequent <B>[mandatory]</B>
sinking fund payments otherwise required to be made <B>[If applicable, insert&mdash; in the inverse order in which they become
due]</B>.]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If the Securities are subject to
redemption in part of any kind, insert&mdash;In the event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security or Securities
of this series and of like tenor for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the cancellation
hereof.]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If applicable, insert&mdash;The
Securities of this series are not redeemable prior to Stated Maturity.]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If the Security is not an Original
Issue Discount Security, insert&mdash;If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing,
the principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided in the
Indenture.]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If the Security is an Original Issue
Discount Security, insert &mdash;If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of this series shall occur and be continuing,
an amount of principal of the Securities of this series may be declared due and payable in the manner and with the effect provided
in the Indenture. Such amount shall be equal to &mdash;insert formula for determining the amount. Upon payment (i) of the amount
of principal so declared due and payable and (ii) of interest on any overdue principal and overdue interest (in each case to the
extent that the payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable), all of the Company&rsquo;s obligations in respect of the
payment of the principal of and interest, if any, on the Securities of this series shall terminate.]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Indenture permits,
with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Company
and the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each series to be affected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and
the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Securities at the time Outstanding of each
series to be affected. The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of specified percentages in principal amount
of the Securities of each series at the time Outstanding, on behalf of the Holders of all Securities of such series, to waive compliance
by the Company with certain provisions of the Indenture and certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any
such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders
of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof,
regardless of whether notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">No reference herein
to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which
is absolute and unconditional, to pay the principal of (and premium, if any) and interest on this Security at the times, place(s)
and rate, and in the coin or currency, herein prescribed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If a Global Security, insert&mdash;This
Global Security or portion hereof may not be exchanged for Definitive Securities of this series except in the limited circumstances
provided in the Indenture. The holders of beneficial interests in this Global Security will not be entitled to receive physical
delivery of Definitive Securities except as described in the Indenture and will not be considered the Holders thereof for any purpose
under the Indenture.]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If a Definitive Security, insert&mdash;As
provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Security is registerable in
the Security Register, upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company in [If
applicable, insert&mdash;any place where the principal of and any premium and interest on this Security are payable]</B> <B>[If
applicable, insert&mdash;The City of New York [, or, subject to any laws or regulations applicable thereto and to the right of
the Company (limited as provided in the Indenture) to rescind the designation of any such transfer agent, at the [main]</B> offices
of _______________ in _______________ or at such other offices or agencies as the Company may designate]], duly endorsed by, or
accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed by,
the Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities of this series and of like
tenor, of authorized denominations and for the same aggregate principal amount, will be issued to the designated transferee or
transferees.]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Securities of
this series are issuable only in registered form without coupons in denominations of U.S. $&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; and any integral multiple thereof.
As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Securities of this series are exchangeable for
a like aggregate principal amount of Securities of this series and of like tenor of a different authorized denomination, as requested
by the Holder surrendering the same.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">No service charge
shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover
any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Prior to due presentment
of this Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the
Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, regardless of whether this Security be overdue,
and none of the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This Security is
subordinated in right of payment to Senior Debt, to the extent and in the manner provided in the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">No recourse under
or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of or contained in the Indenture or of or contained in any Security, or for any claim
based thereon or otherwise in respect thereof, or in any Security, or because of the creation of any indebtedness represented thereby,
shall be had against any incorporator, stockholder, member, officer, manager or director, as such, past, present or future, of
the Company or of any successor Person, either directly or through the Company or any successor Person, whether by virtue of any
constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment, penalty or otherwise; it being expressly understood
that all such liability is hereby expressly waived and released by the acceptance hereof and as a condition of, and as part of
the consideration for, the Securities and the execution of the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Indenture provides
that the Company (a) will be discharged from any and all obligations in respect of the Securities (except for certain obligations
described in the Indenture), or (b) need not comply with certain restrictive covenants of the Indenture, in each case if the Company
deposits, in trust, with the Trustee money or U.S. Government Obligations (or a combination thereof) which through the payment
of interest thereon and principal thereof in accordance with their terms will provide money, in an amount sufficient to pay all
the principal of and interest on the Securities, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required
by law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Except as otherwise
defined herein, all terms used in this Security which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in
the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>[If a Definitive Security, insert
as a separate page&mdash;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned
hereby sell(s), assign(s) and transfer(s) unto</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>(Please Print or Typewrite Name and
Address of Assignee)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>the within instrument of PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC. and does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint _______________ Attorney to transfer said instrument on the books
of the within-named Company, with full power of substitution in the premises.</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 75%; padding-top: 12pt; text-align: left">Please Insert Social Security or Other Identifying Number of Assignee:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; padding-top: 12pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 0pt; text-align: justify">Dated:___________________</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">(Signature)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>NOTICE: The signature to this assignment
must correspond with the name as written upon the face of the within instrument in every particular, without alteration or enlargement
or any change whatever.]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">2.4<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Global Securities</U>. Every Global Security authenticated and delivered hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially
the following form:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify">THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY
WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF.
THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED TO, OR REGISTERED OR EXCHANGED FOR SECURITIES REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF, ANY PERSON OTHER
THAN THE DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF AND NO SUCH TRANSFER MAY BE REGISTERED, EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED
IN THE INDENTURE.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify">EVERY SECURITY AUTHENTICATED AND
DELIVERED UPON REGISTRATION OF TRANSFER OF, OR IN EXCHANGE FOR OR IN LIEU OF, THIS SECURITY SHALL BE A GLOBAL SECURITY SUBJECT
TO THE FOREGOING, EXCEPT IN SUCH LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If Securities of
a series are issuable in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities, as specified as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>,
then, notwithstanding clause (i) of <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> and the provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;3.2</U>, any Global Security
shall represent such of the Outstanding Securities of such series as shall be specified therein and may provide that it shall represent
the aggregate amount of Outstanding Securities from time to time endorsed thereon and that the aggregate amount of Outstanding
Securities represented thereby may from time to time be reduced or increased, as the case may be, to reflect exchanges. Any endorsement
of a Global Security to reflect the amount, or any reduction or increase in the amount, of Outstanding Securities represented thereby
shall be made in such manner and upon instructions given by such Person or Persons as shall be specified therein or in a Company
Order. Subject to the provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;3.3</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;3.4</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;3.5</U>, the Trustee shall
deliver and redeliver any Global Security in the manner and upon instructions given by the Person or Persons specified therein
or in the applicable Company Order. Any instructions by the Company with respect to endorsement or delivery or redelivery of a
Global Security shall be in a Company Order (which need not comply with <U>Section&nbsp;1.3</U> and need not be accompanied by
an Opinion of Counsel).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The provisions of
the last sentence of <U>Section&nbsp;3.3</U> shall apply to any Security represented by a Global Security if such Security was
never issued and sold by the Company and the Company delivers to the Trustee the Global Security together with a Company Order
(which need not comply with <U>Section&nbsp;1.3</U> and need not be accompanied by an Opinion of Counsel) with regard to the reduction
or increase, as the case may be, in the principal amount of Securities represented thereby, together with the written statement
contemplated by the last sentence of <U>Section&nbsp;3.3</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">2.5<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Form of Trustee&rsquo;s Certificate of Authentication</U>. The Trustee&rsquo;s certificate(s) of authentication shall
be in substantially the following form:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This is one of the
Securities of the series designated <B>[insert title of applicable series]</B> referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 51%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 7%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 42%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">as Trustee</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Authorized Officer</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
Three</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>THE SECURITIES</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">3.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series</U>. The aggregate principal amount of Securities which may be authenticated and
delivered under this Indenture is unlimited.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Securities may
be issued in one or more series. There shall be established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution, and set forth, or determined
in the manner provided, in an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior
to the issuance of Securities of any series,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from all other Securities
and which may be part of a series of Securities previously issued);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>any limit upon the aggregate principal amount of the Securities of the series which may be authenticated and delivered under
this Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu
of, other Securities of the series pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;3.4</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;3.5</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;3.6</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;9.6</U>
or <U>Section&nbsp;11.7</U> and except for any Securities which, pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;3.3</U>, are deemed never to have
been authenticated and delivered hereunder);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Person to whom any interest on a Security of the series shall be payable, if other than the Person in whose name that
Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>the date or dates on which the principal of the Securities of the series is payable or the method of determination thereof;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the rate or rates at which the Securities of the series shall bear interest, if any, or the formula, method or provision
pursuant to which such rate or rates are determined, the date or dates from which such interest shall accrue or the method of determination
thereof, the Interest Payment Dates on which such interest shall be payable and the Regular Record Date for the interest payable
on any Interest Payment Date;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the place or places where, subject to the provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;10.2</U>, the principal of and any premium and interest
on Securities of the series shall be payable, Securities of the series may be surrendered for registration of transfer, Securities
of the series may be surrendered for exchange and notices, and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of the
series and this Indenture may be served;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which Securities of the
series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the obligation, if any, of the Company to redeem or purchase Securities of the series pursuant to any sinking fund or analogous
provisions or at the option of a Holder thereof and the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms
and conditions upon which Securities of the series shall be redeemed or purchased, in whole or in part, pursuant to such obligation;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>if other than denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof, the denominations in which Securities of the series
shall be issuable;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(j)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>whether payment of principal of and premium, if any, and interest, if any, on the Securities of the series shall be without
deduction for taxes, assessments or governmental charges paid by Holders of the series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(k)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>if other than the principal amount thereof, the portion of the principal amount of Securities of the series which shall
be payable upon declaration of acceleration of the Maturity thereof pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;5.2</U>;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(l)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>if the amount of payments of principal of and any premium or interest on the Securities of the series may be determined
with reference to an index, the manner in which such amounts shall be determined;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(m)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>if and as applicable, that the Securities of the series shall be issuable in whole or in part in the form of one or more
Global Securities and, in such case, the Depositary or Depositaries for such Global Security or Global Securities and any circumstances
other than those set forth in <U>Section&nbsp;3.5</U> in which any such Global Security may be transferred to, and registered and
exchanged for Securities registered in the name of, a Person other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee thereof
and in which any such transfer may be registered;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(n)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>any deletions from, modifications of or additions to the Events of Default set forth in <U>Section&nbsp;5.1</U> or the covenants
of the Company set forth in Article Ten with respect to the Securities of such series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(o)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>whether and under what circumstances the Company will pay additional amounts on the Securities of the series held by a Person
who is not a U.S. Person in respect of any tax, assessment or governmental charge withheld or deducted and, if so, whether the
Company will have the option to redeem the Securities of the series rather than pay such additional amounts;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(p)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>if the Securities of the series are to be issuable in definitive form (whether upon original issue or upon exchange of a
temporary Security of such series) only upon receipt of certain certificates or other documents or satisfaction of other conditions,
the form and terms of such certificates, documents or conditions;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(q)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>if the Securities of the series are to be convertible into or exchangeable for any other security or property of the Company,
including, without limitation, securities of another Person held by the Company or its Affiliates and, if so, the terms thereof;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(r)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>if other than as provided in <U>Section&nbsp;13.2</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;13.3</U>, the means of Legal Defeasance or Covenant
Defeasance as may be specified for the Securities of the series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(s)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>if other than the Trustee, the identity of the initial Security Registrar and any initial Paying Agent; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(t)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Indenture).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">All Securities of
any one series shall be substantially identical except as to denomination and except as may otherwise be provided in or pursuant
to the Board Resolution referred to above and (subject to <U>Section&nbsp;3.3)</U> set forth, or determined in the manner provided,
in the Officer&rsquo;s Certificate referred to above or in any such indenture supplemental hereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">All Securities of
any one series need not be issued at the same time and, unless otherwise provided, a series may be reopened, without the consent
of the Holders, for increases in the aggregate principal amount of such series of Securities and issuances of additional Securities
of such series or for the establishment of additional terms with respect to the Securities of such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If any of the terms
of the series are established by action taken by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, a copy of an appropriate record of such action
shall be certified by an authorized officer or other authorized person on behalf of the Company and delivered to the Trustee at
or prior to the delivery of the Officer&rsquo;s Certificate setting forth, or providing the manner for determining, the terms of
the series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">With respect to
Securities of a series subject to a Periodic Offering, such Board Resolution or Officer&rsquo;s Certificate may provide general
terms for Securities of such series and provide either that the specific terms of particular Securities of such series shall be
specified in a Company Order or that such terms shall be determined by the Company or one or more agents thereof designated in
an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, in accordance with a Company Order.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">3.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Denominations</U>. The Securities of each series shall be issuable in registered form without coupons in such denominations
as shall be specified as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>. In the absence of any such provisions with respect to the Securities
of any series, the Securities of such series shall be issuable in denominations of $1,000 and any integral multiple thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">3.3<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating</U>. The Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by its
Chairman of the Board, its Chief Executive Officer, its President, its Chief Financial Officer or any of its Vice Presidents and
need not be attested. The signature of any of these officers on the Securities may be manual or facsimile.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Securities bearing
the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company
notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery
of such Securities or did not hold such offices at the date of such Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">At any time and
from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed
by the Company to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities,
and the Trustee in accordance with the Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities; provided, however, that in
the case of Securities offered in a Periodic Offering, the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver such Securities from time to
time in accordance with such other procedures (including, without limitation, the receipt by the Trustee of oral or electronic
instructions from the Company or its duly authorized agents, thereafter promptly confirmed in writing) acceptable to the Trustee
as may be specified by or pursuant to a Company Order delivered to the Trustee prior to the time of the first authentication of
Securities of such series. If the forms or terms of the Securities of the series have been established in or pursuant to one or
more Board Resolutions as permitted by <U>Section&nbsp;2.1</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>, in authenticating such Securities,
and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Indenture in relation to such Securities, the Trustee shall be entitled
to receive such documents as it may reasonably request. The Trustee shall also be entitled to receive, and (subject to <U>Section&nbsp;6.1)</U>
shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>if the form or forms of such Securities has been established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution as permitted by <U>Section&nbsp;2.1</U>,
that each such form has been established in conformity with the provisions of this Indenture;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>if the terms of such Securities have been, or in the case of Securities of a series offered in a Periodic Offering will
be, established in or pursuant to a Board Resolution as permitted by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>, that such terms have been, or in
the case of Securities of a series offered in a Periodic Offering will be, established in conformity with the provisions of this
Indenture, subject, in the case of Securities of a series offered in a Periodic Offering, to any conditions specified in such Opinion
of Counsel; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>that such Securities when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject
to any conditions and assumptions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of
the Company enforceable in accordance with their terms, subject to the following limitations: (i) bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium,
reorganization, liquidation, fraudulent conveyance or transfer and other similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting
the enforcement of creditors&rsquo; rights, or to general equity principles, (ii) the availability of equitable remedies being
subject to the discretion of the court to which application therefor is made; and (iii) such other usual and customary matters
as shall be specified in such Opinion of Counsel.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If such form or
forms or terms have been so established, the Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such
Securities pursuant to this Indenture will affect the Trustee&rsquo;s own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and
this Indenture or otherwise in a manner which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Notwithstanding
the provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> and of the preceding paragraph, if all Securities of a series are not to be originally
issued at one time, it shall not be necessary to deliver the Officer&rsquo;s Certificate otherwise required pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;3.1
</U>or the Company Order and Opinion of Counsel otherwise required pursuant to such preceding paragraph at or prior to the time
of authentication of each Security of such series if such documents are delivered at or prior to the authentication upon original
issuance of the first Security of such series to be issued.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">With respect to
Securities of a series offered in a Periodic Offering, the Trustee may rely, as to the authorization by the Company of any of such
Securities, on the form or forms and terms thereof and the legality, validity, binding effect and enforceability thereof, upon
the Opinion of Counsel and the other documents delivered pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;2.1</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> and this
Section, as applicable, in connection with the first authentication of Securities of such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Each Security shall
be dated the date of its authentication.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">No Security shall
be entitled to any benefit under this Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such Security
a certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein executed by the Trustee by manual signature of an
authorized officer, and such certificate upon any Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Security
has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and is entitled to the benefits of this Indenture. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
if any Security shall have been authenticated and delivered hereunder but never issued and sold by the Company, and the Company
shall deliver such Security to the Trustee for cancellation as provided in <U>Section&nbsp;3.9</U> for all purposes of this Indenture
such Security shall be deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never be entitled to the benefits
of this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">3.4<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Temporary Securities</U>. Pending the preparation of Definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and
upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, temporary Securities which are printed, lithographed, typewritten,
mimeographed or otherwise produced, in any authorized denomination, substantially of the tenor of the Definitive Securities in
lieu of which they are issued and with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as the officers
executing such Securities may determine, as evidenced by their execution of such Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If temporary Securities
of any series are issued, the Company will cause Definitive Securities of that series to be prepared without unreasonable delay.
After the preparation of Definitive Securities of such series, the temporary Securities of such series shall be exchangeable for
Definitive Securities of such series upon surrender of the temporary Securities of such series at the office or agency of the Company
in a Place of Payment for that series, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary
Securities of any series the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a like principal
amount of Definitive Securities of the same series and tenor of authorized denominations. Until so exchanged the temporary Securities
of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture as Definitive Securities of such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">3.5<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange</U>. The Company shall cause to be kept at the office or agency of
the Company in St. Paul, Minnesota or in any other office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment required by <U>Section&nbsp;10.2</U>
a register (the register maintained in such office being herein sometimes referred to as the &ldquo;<U>Security Register</U>&rdquo;)
in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the registration of Securities
and of transfers of Securities. The Trustee is hereby appointed as the initial &ldquo;<U>Security Registrar</U>&rdquo; for the
purpose of registering Securities and transfers of Securities as herein provided, and its corporate trust office located at 60
Livingston Avenue, 3<SUP>rd</SUP> Floor, St. Paul, Minnesota 55107, is the initial office or agency where the Securities Register
will be maintained. The Company may at any time replace such Security Registrar, change such office or agency or act as its own
Security Registrar. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any change of the Security Registrar or of the
location of such office or agency.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon surrender for
registration of transfer of any Security of any series at the office or agency maintained pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;10.2</U>
for such purpose, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in the name of the designated transferee
or transferees, one or more new Securities of the same series and tenor, of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate
principal amount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">At the option of
the Holder, Securities of any series (except a Global Security) may be exchanged for other Securities of the same series and tenor,
of any authorized denominations and of a like aggregate principal amount, upon surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at such
office or agency. Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate
and deliver the Securities, which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">All Securities issued
upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company evidencing the same debt,
and entitled to the same benefits under this Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Every Security presented
or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly endorsed,
or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed,
by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">No service charge
shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient
to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of
Securities, other than exchanges pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;3.4</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;9.6</U> or <U>Section&nbsp;11.7</U> not involving
any transfer.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company shall
not be required (a) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange Securities of any series during a period beginning at, the opening
of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of Securities of that series selected for redemption
under <U>Section&nbsp;11.3</U> and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (b) to register the transfer
of or exchange any Security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Security being
redeemed in part.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Notwithstanding
any other provisions of this Indenture and except as otherwise specified with respect to any particular series of Securities as
contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>, a Global Security representing all or a portion of the Securities of a series may not
be transferred, except as a whole by the Depositary for such series to a nominee of such Depositary or by a nominee of such Depositary
to such Depositary or another nominee of such Depositary or by such Depositary or any such nominee to a successor Depositary for
such series or a nominee of such successor Depositary. Every Security authenticated and delivered upon registration of, transfer
of, or in exchange for or in lieu of, a Global Security shall be a Global Security except as provided in the two paragraphs immediately
following.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If at any time the
Depositary for any Securities of a series represented by one or more Global Securities notifies the Company that it is unwilling
or unable to continue as Depositary for such Securities or if at any time the Depositary for such Securities shall no longer be
eligible to continue as Depositary under <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> or ceases to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange
Act, the Company shall appoint a successor Depositary with respect to such Securities. If a successor Depositary for such Securities
is not appointed by the Company within 90 days after the Company receives such notice or becomes aware of such ineligibility, the
Company&rsquo;s election pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> that such Securities be represented by one or more Global Securities
shall no longer be effective and the Company will execute and the Trustee, upon receipt of a Company Order for the authentication
and delivery of Definitive Securities of such series, will authenticate and deliver, Securities of such series in definitive registered
form without coupons, in any authorized denominations, in an aggregate principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global
Security or Securities representing such Securities in exchange for such Global Security or Securities registered in the names
of such Persons as the Depositary shall direct.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company may
at any time and in its sole discretion determine that the Securities of any series issued in the form of one or more Global Securities
shall no longer be represented by a Global Security or Securities. In such event, the Company will execute and the Trustee, upon
receipt of a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of the Definitive Securities of such series, will authenticate and
deliver, Securities of such series in definitive registered form without coupons, in any authorized denominations, in an aggregate
principal amount equal to the principal amount of the Global Security or Securities representing such Securities in exchange for
such Global Security or Securities registered in the names of such Persons as the Depositary shall direct.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If specified by
the Company pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> with respect to Securities represented by a Global Security, the Depositary for
such Global Security may surrender such Global Security in exchange in whole or in part for Securities of the same series and tenor
in definitive registered form on such terms as are acceptable to the Company, the Trustee and such Depositary. Thereupon, the Company
shall execute, and the Trustee, upon receipt of a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of Securities in definitive
registered form, shall authenticate and deliver, without service charge:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to the Person specified by such Depositary a new Security or Securities of the same series and tenor, of any authorized
denominations as requested by such Person, in an aggregate principal amount equal to and in exchange for such Person&rsquo;s beneficial
interest in the Global Security; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to such Depositary a new Global Security in a denomination equal to the difference, if any, between the principal amount
of the surrendered Global Security and the aggregate principal amount of Securities authenticated and delivered pursuant to clause
(a) above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Every Person who
takes or holds any beneficial interest in a Global Security agrees that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;the
Company and the Trustee may deal with the Depositary as sole owner of the Global Security and as the authorized representative
of such Person;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;such
Person&rsquo;s rights in the Global Security shall be exercised only through the Depositary and shall be limited to those established
by law and agreement between such Person and the Depositary and/or direct and indirect participants of the Depositary;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;the
Depositary and its participants make book-entry transfers of beneficial ownership among, and receive and transmit distributions
of principal and interest on the Global Securities to, such Persons in accordance with their own procedures; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;none
of the Company, the Trustee, nor any agent of any of them will have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records
relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests of a Global Security or for maintaining, supervising
or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">3.6<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities</U>. If any mutilated Security is surrendered to the Trustee, together
with, in proper cases, such security or indemnity as may be required by the Company or the Trustee to save each of them and any
agent of any of them harmless, the Company shall execute and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor a
new Security of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If there shall be
delivered to the Company and the Trustee (a) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security and
(b) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of either of them harmless, then,
in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company
shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security,
a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and principal amount and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In case any such
mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has become or is about to become due and payable, the Company in its discretion may,
instead of issuing a new Security, pay such Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon the issuance
of any new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental
charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected
therewith.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Every new Security
of any series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional
contractual obligation of the Company regardless of whether the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable
by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities
of that series duly issued hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The provisions of
this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement
or payment of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">3.7<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved</U>. Except as otherwise provided as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>
with respect to any series of Securities, interest on any Security which is payable, and is punctually paid or duly provided for,
on any Interest Payment Date shall be paid to the Person in whose name that Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is
registered at the close of business on the Regular Record Date for such interest.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Any interest on
any Security of any series which is payable, but is not punctually paid or duly provided for, on any Interest Payment Date (herein
called &ldquo;<U>Defaulted Interest</U>&rdquo;) shall forthwith cease to be payable to the Holder on the relevant Regular Record
Date by virtue of having been such Holder, and such Defaulted Interest may be paid by the Company, at its election in each case,
as provided in clause (a) or (b) below:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Company may elect to make payment of any Defaulted Interest to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series
(or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at the close of business on a Special Record Date for the payment of
such Defaulted Interest, which shall be fixed in the following manner. The Company shall notify the Trustee in writing of the amount
of Defaulted Interest proposed to be paid on each Security of such series and the date of the proposed payment, and at the same
time the Company shall deposit with the Trustee an amount of money equal to the aggregate amount proposed to be paid in respect
of such Defaulted Interest or shall make arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for such deposit prior to the date of the proposed
payment, such money when deposited to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such Defaulted Interest as in
this clause provided. Thereupon, the Trustee shall fix a Special Record Date for the payment of such Defaulted Interest which shall
be not more than 15 days and not less than 10 days prior to the date of the proposed payment and not less than 10 days after the
receipt by the Trustee of the notice of the proposed payment. The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company of such Special Record
Date and, in the name and at the expense of the Company, shall cause notice of the proposed payment of such Defaulted Interest
and the Special Record Date therefor to be mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to each Holder of Securities of such series at
his address as it appears in the Security Register, not less than 10 days prior to such Special Record Date. Notice of the proposed
payment of such Defaulted Interest and the Special Record Date therefor having been so mailed, such Defaulted Interest shall be
paid to the Persons in whose names the Securities of such series (or their respective Predecessor Securities) are registered at
the close of business on such Special Record Date and shall no longer be payable pursuant to the following clause (b).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Company may make payment of any Defaulted Interest on the Securities of any series in any other lawful manner not inconsistent
with the requirements of any securities exchange on which such Securities may be listed, and upon such notice as may be required
by such exchange, if, after notice given by the Company to the Trustee of the proposed payment pursuant to this clause, such manner
of payment shall be deemed practicable by the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Subject to the foregoing
provisions of this Section, each Security delivered under this Indenture upon registration of transfer of or in exchange for or
in lieu of any other Security shall carry the rights to interest accrued and unpaid, and to accrue, which were carried by such
other Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">3.8<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Persons Deemed Owners</U>. Except as otherwise provided as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> with respect to any
series of Securities, prior to due presentment of a Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent
thereof may treat the Person in whose name such Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of receiving
payment of principal of and any premium and (subject to <U>Section&nbsp;3.5</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;3.7)</U> any interest on such
Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, regardless of whether such Security be overdue, and none of the Company, the Trustee
nor any agent of any of them shall be affected by notice to the contrary.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">No holder of any
beneficial interest in any Global Security held on its behalf by a Depositary shall have any rights under this Indenture with respect
to such Global Security, and such Depositary may be treated by the Company, the Trustee and any agent thereof as the owner of such
Global Security for all purposes whatsoever.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">3.9<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Cancellation</U>. All Securities surrendered for payment, redemption, registration of transfer or exchange or for credit
against any sinking fund payment shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee and shall
be promptly canceled by it. The Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated
and delivered hereunder which the Company may have acquired in any manner whatsoever, and may deliver to the Trustee (or to any
other Person for delivery to the Trustee) for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated hereunder which the Company
has not issued and sold, and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly canceled by the Trustee. No Securities shall be authenticated
in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities canceled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by this Indenture.
All canceled Securities held by the Trustee shall be disposed of in accordance with its customary practices, and the Trustee shall
thereafter deliver to the Company a certificate with respect to such disposition from time to time upon written request.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">3.10<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Computation of Interest</U>. Except as otherwise specified as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> for Securities
of any series, interest on the Securities of each series shall be computed on the basis of a year of twelve 30-day months.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">3.11<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>CUSIP or CINS Numbers</U>. The Company in issuing the Securities may use &ldquo;<U>CUSIP</U>&rdquo; or &ldquo;<U>CINS</U>&rdquo;
numbers (if then generally in use, and in addition to the other identification numbers printed on the Securities), and, if so,
the Trustee shall use &ldquo;<U>CUSIP</U>&rdquo; or &ldquo;<U>CINS</U>&rdquo; numbers in notices of redemption as a convenience
to Holders; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness
of such &ldquo;<U>CUSIP</U>&rdquo; or &ldquo;<U>CINS</U>&rdquo; numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in
any notice of a redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities,
and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such &ldquo;<U>CUSIP</U>&rdquo; or &ldquo;<U>CINS</U>&rdquo;
numbers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
Four</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>SATISFACTION AND DISCHARGE</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">4.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture</U>. This Indenture shall cease to be of further effect and will be discharged
with respect to the Securities of any series (except as to any surviving rights of registration of transfer or exchange of Securities
and certain rights of the Trustee, in each case, herein expressly provided for), and the Trustee, upon Company Request and at the
expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect
to such Securities, when:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 44pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>either</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>all such Securities theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (A) such Securities which have been destroyed, lost
or stolen and which have been replaced or paid as provided in <U>Section&nbsp;3.6</U>, and (B) such Securities for whose payment
money has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid to the Company
or discharged from such trust, as provided in <U>Section&nbsp;10.3)</U> have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 88pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>all such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 132pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(A)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>have become due and payable, or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 132pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(B)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>will become due and payable at their Stated Maturity within one year, or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 132pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(C)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice
of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">and the Company, in
the case of (A), (B) or (C) above, has deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee as trust funds in trust for such purpose
an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the entire indebtedness on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for
cancellation, for principal (and premium, if any) and interest to the date of such deposit (in the case of Securities which have
become due and payable) or to the Stated Maturity or Redemption Date, as the case may be, together with instructions from the Company
irrevocably directing the Trustee to apply such funds to the payment thereof at maturity or redemption, as the case may be;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 44pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company with respect to such Securities;
and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 44pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, which, taken together,
state that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture with respect
to such Securities have been complied with.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify">Notwithstanding the satisfaction and
discharge of this Indenture with respect to the Securities of any series, (x) the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under
<U>Section&nbsp;6.7</U>, the obligations of the Trustee to any Authenticating Agent under <U>Section&nbsp;6.14</U> and the right
of the Trustee to resign under <U>Section&nbsp;6.10</U> shall survive, and (y) if money shall have been deposited with the Trustee
pursuant to clause (a) of this Section, the obligations of the Company and the Trustee under <U>Section&nbsp;4.2</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;6.6</U>
and <U>Section&nbsp;10.2</U> and the last paragraph of <U>Section&nbsp;10.3</U> shall survive.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">4.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Application of Trust Money</U>. Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of <U>Section&nbsp;10.3</U>, all money
deposited with the Trustee pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;4.1</U> shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the
provisions of the Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company
acting as its own Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of the principal and any premium
and interest for whose payment such money has been deposited with the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
Five</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>REMEDIES</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Events of Default</U>. &ldquo;<U>Event of Default,</U>&rdquo; wherever used herein with respect to Securities of any
series, means any one of the following events (whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary
or involuntary or be effected by operation of law or pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule
or regulation of any administrative or governmental body):</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>default in the payment of any interest upon any Security of that series when it becomes due and payable, and continuance
of such default for a period of 30 days (regardless of whether such payment is prohibited by the provisions of Article Fourteen
hereof); or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>default in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any Security of that series at its Maturity (regardless
of whether such payment is prohibited by the provisions of Article Fourteen hereof); or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>default in the performance, or breach, of the covenant set forth in <U>Section&nbsp;8.1</U>; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant in this Indenture (other than the covenant in <U>Section&nbsp;8.1</U>
or any other covenant a default in whose performance or whose breach is elsewhere in this Section specifically dealt with or which
has expressly been included in this Indenture solely for the benefit of a series of Securities other than that series), and continuance
of such default or breach for a period of 60 days after there has been given, by registered or certified mail, to the Company by
the Trustee or to the Company and the Trustee by the Holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of that series a written notice specifying such default or breach and requiring it to be remedied and stating that such notice
is a &ldquo;<U>Notice of Default</U>&rdquo; hereunder; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company or any Significant Subsidiary pursuant to or within the meaning of any Bankruptcy Law (i) commences a voluntary
case or proceeding, (ii) consents to the entry of any decree or order for relief against it in an involuntary case or proceeding,
(iii) consents to the appointment of a Custodian of it or for all or substantially all of its property, (iv) makes a general assignment
for the benefit of its creditors, (v) consents to or acquiesces in the institution of a bankruptcy or an insolvency proceeding
against it, (vi) takes any corporate action to authorize or effect any of the foregoing, or (vii) takes any comparable action under
any foreign laws relating to insolvency; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>a court of competent jurisdiction enters an order or decree under any Bankruptcy Law that (i) is for relief against the
Company or any Significant Subsidiary in an involuntary case, (ii) appoints a Custodian of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary
for all or substantially all of its property, or (iii) orders the liquidation or winding up of the Company or any Significant Subsidiary;
and the order or decree remains unstayed and in effect for 30 consecutive days; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>default in the deposit of any sinking fund payment when due; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>any other Event of Default provided with respect to Securities of that series in accordance with <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment</U>. If an Event of Default with respect to Securities of any series
at the time Outstanding occurs and is continuing, then in every such case the Trustee or the Holders of at least 25% in aggregate
principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series may declare the principal amount (or, if the Securities of that series
are Original Issue Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount as may be specified in the terms of that series),
together with any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, of all of the Securities of that series to be due and payable immediately,
by a notice in writing to the Company (and to the Trustee if given by Holders), and upon any such declaration such principal amount
(or specified amount), together with any accrued and unpaid interest thereon, shall become immediately due and payable. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, if an Event of Default specified in clause (e) or (f) of <U>Section&nbsp;5.1</U> occurs, the Securities of any series
at the time Outstanding shall be due and payable immediately without further action or notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">At any time after
such a declaration of acceleration with respect to Securities of any series has been made and before a judgment or decree for payment
of the money due has been obtained by the Trustee as hereinafter in this Article Five provided, the Holders of a majority in principal
amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series, by written notice to the Company and the Trustee, may rescind and annul such
declaration and its consequences if:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>the Company has paid or deposited with the Trustee a sum sufficient to pay:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>all overdue interest on all Securities of that series,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the principal of (and premium, if any, on) any Securities of that series which have become due otherwise than by such declaration
of acceleration and any interest thereon at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to the extent that payment of such interest is lawful, interest upon overdue interest at the rate or rates prescribed therefor
in such Securities, and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(iv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>all sums paid or advanced by the Trustee hereunder and the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances
of the Trustee, its agents and counsel; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>all
Events of Default with respect to Securities of that series, other than the non-payment of the principal of Securities of that
series which have become due solely by such declaration of acceleration, have been cured or waived as provided in <U>Section&nbsp;5.13</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">No such rescission
shall affect any subsequent default or impair any right consequent thereon.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.3<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Collection of Indebtedness and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee</U>. The Company covenants that if:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>default
is made in the payment of any installment of interest on any Security when such interest becomes due and payable and such default
continues for a period of 30 days (regardless of whether such payment is prohibited by the provisions of Article Fourteen hereof),
or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>default
is made in the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any, on) any Security at the Maturity thereof (regardless of whether
such payment is prohibited by the provisions of Article Fourteen hereof),</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify">the Company will, upon demand of the
Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holders of such Securities, the whole amount then due and payable on such Securities
for principal and any premium and interest and, to the extent that payment of such interest shall be legally enforceable, interest
on any overdue principal and any premium and on any overdue interest, at the rate or rates prescribed therefor in such Securities,
and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the
reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If the Company fails
to pay such amounts forthwith upon such demand, the Trustee, in its own name and as trustee of an express trust, may institute
a judicial proceeding for the collection of the sums so due and unpaid, may prosecute such proceeding to judgment or final decree
and may enforce the same against the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities and collect the moneys adjudged or decreed
to be payable in the manner provided by law out of the property of the Company or any other obligor upon such Securities, wherever
situated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If an Event of Default
with respect to Securities of any series occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce
its rights and the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall
deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in
this Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.4<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Trustee May File Proofs of Claim</U>. In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy,
reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition or other judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor
upon the Securities, their property or their creditors, the Trustee (irrespective of whether the principal of the Securities shall
then be due and payable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have
made any demand on the Company for the payment of overdue principal or interest) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention
in such proceeding or otherwise,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to file and prove a claim for the whole amount of principal (and premium, if any) and interest owing and unpaid in respect
of the Securities and to file such other papers or documents as may be necessary or advisable in order to have the claims of the
Trustee (including any claim for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and
counsel) and of the Holders allowed in such judicial proceeding, and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to collect and receive any moneys or other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify">and any custodian, receiver, assignee,
trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder
to make such payments to the Trustee and, if the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to the Holders,
to pay to the Trustee any amount due it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its
agents and counsel, and any other amounts due the Trustee under <U>Section&nbsp;6.7</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">No provision of
this Indenture shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder any
plan of reorganization, compromise, arrangement, adjustment or composition affecting the Securities or the rights of any Holder
thereof or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any Holder in any such proceeding; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>,
that the Trustee may, on behalf of the Holders, vote for the election of a trustee in bankruptcy or similar official and be a member
of a creditors&rsquo; or other similar committee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.5<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Trustee
May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities</U>. All rights of action and claims under this Indenture or the Securities
may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or the production thereof in any
proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of
an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses,
disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities
in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.6<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Application
of Money Collected</U>. Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article Five shall be applied in the following order,
at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of principal or any premium
or interest, upon presentation of the Securities and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender
thereof if fully paid:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">FIRST: To the payment
of all amounts due the Trustee under <U>Section&nbsp;6.7</U>;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">SECOND: Subject to
Article Fourteen, to the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid for principal of and any premium and interest on the Securities
in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind,
according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities for principal and any premium and interest, respectively; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">THIRD: The balance,
if any, to the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.7<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Limitation
on Suits</U>. No Holder of any Security of any series shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise,
with respect to this Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities
of that series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Holders of not less than 25% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series shall have made written
request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name as Trustee hereunder;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>such Holder or Holders have offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be
incurred in compliance with such request;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such
proceeding; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders
of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of that series;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify">it being understood and intended that
no one or more of such Holders shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of, any provision of this
Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other of such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or
preference over any other of such Holders or to enforce any right under this Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and
for the equal and ratable benefit of all such Holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.8<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Principal, Premium and Interest</U>. Notwithstanding any other provision in
this Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive payment of the
principal of and any premium and (subject to <U>Section&nbsp;3.5</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;3.7)</U> interest on such Security on
the Stated Maturity or Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption, on the Redemption Date) and to institute
suit for the enforcement of any such payment, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.9<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Restoration
of Rights and Remedies</U>. If the Trustee or any Holder has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this
Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee
or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and
the Holders shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies
of the Trustee and the Holders shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.10<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Rights and Remedies Cumulative</U>. Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement or payment of mutilated,
destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in the last paragraph of <U>Section&nbsp;3.6</U>, no right or remedy herein conferred upon
or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy
shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or
hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise,
shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.11<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Delay or Omission Not Waiver</U>. To fullest extent permitted by applicable law, no delay or omission of the Trustee
or of any Holder of any Securities to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right
or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this
Article Five or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient,
by the Trustee or by the Holders, as the case may be.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.12<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Control by Holders</U>. The Holders of not less than a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of
any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the
Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee, with respect to the Securities of such series; <U>provided</U>,
<U>however</U>, that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>such
direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Indenture;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>subject to the provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;6.1</U>, the Trustee shall have the right to decline to follow any such direction
if the Trustee in good faith shall determine that the proceeding so directed would involve the Trustee in personal liability.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.13<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Waiver of Past Defaults</U>. By written notice to the Company and the Trustee, the Holders of not less than a majority
in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series may on behalf of the Holders of all the Securities of such series
waive any past default hereunder with respect to such series and its consequences, except:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>a continuing default in the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest on any Security of such series, or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>a default in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under Article Nine cannot be modified or amended without the
consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security of such series affected.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify">Upon any such waiver, such default shall
cease to exist, and any Event of Default arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured, for every purpose of this Indenture,
but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other default or impair any right consequent thereon.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.14<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Undertaking for Costs</U>. All parties to this Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof
shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy
under this Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing
by any party litigant, other than the Trustee, in such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court
may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys&rsquo; fees, against any party litigant in such suit,
having due regard to the merits and good faith of the claims or defenses made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this
<U>Section&nbsp;5.14</U> shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Company, to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit
instituted by any Holder, or group of Holders, holding in the aggregate more than 10% in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities
of any series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the payment of the principal of (or premium, if any)
or interest on any Security on or after the Stated Maturity or Maturities expressed in such Security (or, in the case of redemption,
on or after the Redemption Date).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">5.15<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Waiver of Stay or Extension Laws</U>. The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not
at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any stay or extension
law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Indenture;
and the Company (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law and
covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and
permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
Six</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>THE TRUSTEE</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Certain
Duties and Responsibilities</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>Except during the continuance of an Event of Default,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Indenture and as
are provided by the Trust Indenture Act, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Indenture against the
Trustee; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness
of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of
this Indenture; but in the case of any such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to
be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether they conform to the requirements
of this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>In case an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested
in it by this Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent man would exercise or use under
the circumstances in the conduct of his own affairs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT>No
provision of this Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent
failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>this Subsection shall not be construed to limit the effect of Subsection (a) of this Section;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it shall be
proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance
with the direction of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, given pursuant
to <U>Section&nbsp;5.12</U>, relating to the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the
Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred upon the Trustee, under this Indenture with respect to the Securities of such
series; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(iv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>no provision of this Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial
liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have
reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably
assured to it.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Regardless of whether therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting
the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Notice of Defaults</U>. Within 90 days after the occurrence of any Default hereunder with respect to the Securities of
any series, the Trustee shall transmit by mail to all Holders of Securities of such series, as their names and addresses appear
in the Security Register, notice of such Default hereunder known to the Trustee, unless such Default shall have been cured or waived;
<U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that, except in the case of a Default in the payment of the principal of or any premium or interest
on any Security of such series or in the payment of any sinking fund installment with respect to Securities of such series, the
Trustee may withhold from Holders of Securities notice of any continuing Default or Event of Default if the Trustee in good faith
determines that the withholding of such notice is in the interest of the Holders of Securities of such series; and, <U>provided</U>,
<U>further</U>, that in the case of any Default of the character specified in <U>Section&nbsp;5.1(c)</U> with respect to Securities
of such series, no such notice to Holders shall be given until at least 90 days after the occurrence thereof and that in the case
of any Default of the character specified in <U>Section&nbsp;5.1(d)</U> with respect to Securities of such series, no such notice
to Holders shall be given until at least 180 days after the occurrence thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.3<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Certain Rights of Trustee</U>. Subject to the provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;6.1</U>:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution,
certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence
of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party
or parties;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company
Order (other than delivery of any Security to the Trustee for authentication and delivery pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;3.3</U>,
which shall be sufficiently evidenced as provided therein) and any resolution of the Board of Directors may be sufficiently evidenced
by a Board Resolution;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>whenever in the administration of this Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established
prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed)
shall be entitled to receive and may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, rely upon an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee may consult with counsel and the advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete
authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance
thereon;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Indenture at the request
or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable
security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request
or direction;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate,
statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness
or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts
or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled
to examine the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through
agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent or attorney
appointed with due care by it hereunder and shall not be responsible for the supervision of officers and employees of such agents
or attorneys;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee may request that the Company deliver an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or
titles of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to this Indenture, which Officer&rsquo;s Certificate
may be signed by any person authorized to sign an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, including any person specified as so authorized
in any such certificate previously delivered and not superseded;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee shall be entitled to the rights and protections afforded to the Trustee pursuant to this Article Six in acting
as a Paying Agent or Security Registrar hereunder; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(j)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any Default or Event of Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee
has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a default is received by the Trustee at
the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and such notice references the Notes and this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.4<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities</U>. The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except
the Trustee&rsquo;s certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the Company and the Trustee or any Authenticating
Agent assumes no responsibility for their correctness. Neither the Trustee nor any Authenticating Agent makes any representations
as to the validity or sufficiency of this Indenture or of the Securities. The Trustee or any Authenticating Agent shall not be
accountable for the use or application by the Company of Securities or the proceeds thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.5<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>May Hold Securities</U>. The Trustee, any Authenticating Agent, any Paying Agent, any Security Registrar or any other
agent of the Company in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and, subject to <U>Sections&nbsp;310(b)</U>
and 311 of the Trust Indenture Act and <U>Section&nbsp;6.8</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;6.9</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;6.13</U>, may otherwise
deal with the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Authenticating Agent, Paying Agent, Security Registrar
or such other agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.6<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Money
Held in Trust</U>. Money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required
by law. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed
in writing with the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.7<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Compensation and Reimbursement</U>. The Company agrees:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to pay to the Trustee from time to time reasonable compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder (which compensation
shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements
and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Indenture (including the reasonable compensation
and the expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable
to its negligence or bad faith; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to indemnify each of the Trustee and its officers, directors, agents and employees for, and to hold it harmless against,
any loss, liability or expense incurred without negligence or willful misconduct on its part, arising out of or in connection with
the acceptance or administration of the trust or trusts hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against
any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">As security for
the performance of the obligations of the Company under this Section the Trustee shall have a lien prior to the Securities upon
all property and funds held or collected by the Trustee as such, except funds held in trust for the payment of principal of (and
premium, if any) or interest on particular Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Without limiting
any rights available to the Trustee under applicable law, when the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with
an Event of Default specified in <U>Section&nbsp;5.1(e)</U> or <U>Section&nbsp;5.1(f)</U>, the expenses (including the reasonable
charges and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for the services of the Trustee are intended to constitute expenses of
administration under any applicable Bankruptcy Law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The provisions of
this <U>Section&nbsp;6.7</U> shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture and the Legal Defeasance of the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.8<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Disqualification;
Conflicting Interests</U>. Reference is made to <U>Section&nbsp;310(b)</U> of the Trust Indenture Act. There shall be excluded
from the operation of <U>Section&nbsp;310(b)(1)</U> of the Trust Indenture Act this Indenture with respect to the Securities of
more than one series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.9<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Corporate
Trustee Required; Eligibility</U>. There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder which shall be a corporation organized and
doing business under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized under
such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus required by the Trust Indenture Act, subject
to supervision or examination by Federal or State authority. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually,
pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the
combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most
recent report of condition so published. The Trustee shall not be an obligor upon the Securities or an Affiliate thereof. If at
any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately
in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article Six.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.10<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become
effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the applicable requirements of <U>Section&nbsp;6.11</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof
to the Company. If the instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by <U>Section&nbsp;6.11</U> shall not have been
delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any
court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority
in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series, delivered to the Trustee and to the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>If at any time:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee shall fail to comply with <U>Section&nbsp;310(b)</U> of the Trust Indenture Act after written request therefor
by the Company or by any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months, or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under <U>Section&nbsp;6.9</U> and shall fail to resign after written request therefor
by the Company or by any such Holder, or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or
of its property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs
for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation, then, in any such case, (A) the Company by a Board Resolution may
remove the Trustee with respect to all Securities, or (B) subject to <U>Section&nbsp;5.14</U>, any Holder who has been a bona fide
Holder of a Security for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of
competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee with respect to all Securities and the appointment of a successor Trustee
or Trustees.</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee
for any cause, with respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint
a successor Trustee or Trustees with respect to the Securities of that or those series (it being understood that any such successor
Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more or all of such series and that at any time there shall be
only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series) and shall comply with the applicable requirements of
<U>Section&nbsp;6.11</U>. If, within one year after such resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such vacancy,
a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall be appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in principal
amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series delivered to the Company and the retiring Trustee, the successor Trustee so
appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment in accordance with the applicable requirements of <U>Section&nbsp;6.11</U>,
become the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and to that extent supersede the successor Trustee appointed
by the Company. If no successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall have been so appointed by the Company
or the Holders and accepted appointment in the manner required by <U>Section&nbsp;6.11</U>, any Holder who has been a bona fide
Holder of a Security of such series for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition
any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any
series and each appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series to all Holders of Securities of
such series in the manner provided in <U>Section&nbsp;1.7</U>. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with
respect to the Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust Office.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.11<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Acceptance
of Appointment by Successor</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to all Securities, every such successor Trustee
so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment,
and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any
further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but,
on the request of the Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver
an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign,
transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all)
series, the Company, the retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series shall
execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto wherein each successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and which (i)
shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each successor Trustee
all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which
the appointment of such successor Trustee relates, (ii) if the retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all Securities,
shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties
of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of that or those series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring
shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and (iii) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as
shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood
that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each
such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered
by any other such Trustee; and upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the
retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein and each such successor Trustee, without any further act,
deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to
the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates; but, on request of the Company
or any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all property
and money held by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of that or those series to which the appointment
of such successor Trustee relates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly
vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this
Section, as the case may be.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be
qualified and eligible under this Article and the Trust Indenture Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.12<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Merger,
Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business</U>. Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or
with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee
shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall
be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article
Six, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities
shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation
to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same effect
as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.13<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Preferential Collection of Claims Against Company</U>. Reference is made to <U>Section&nbsp;311</U> of the Trust Indenture
Act. For purposes of <U>Section&nbsp;311(b)</U> of the Trust Indenture Act,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the term &ldquo;<U>cash transaction</U>&rdquo; means any transaction in which full payment for goods or securities sold
is made within seven days after delivery of the goods or securities in currency or in checks or other orders drawn upon banks or
bankers and payable upon demand;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the term &ldquo;<U>self-liquidating paper</U>&rdquo; means any draft, bill of exchange, acceptance or obligation which is
made, drawn, negotiated or incurred by the Company for the purpose of financing the purchase, processing, manufacturing, shipment,
storage or sale of goods, wares or merchandise and which is secured by documents evidencing title to, possession of, or a lien
upon, the goods, wares or merchandise or the receivables or proceeds arising from the sale of the goods, wares or merchandise previously
constituting the security, provided the security is received by the Trustee simultaneously with the creation of the creditor relationship
with the Company arising from the making, drawing, negotiating or incurring of the draft, bill of exchange, acceptance or obligation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">6.14<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Appointment
of Authenticating Agent</U>. The Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent or Agents with respect to one or more series of Securities
which shall be authorized to act on behalf of the Trustee to authenticate Securities of such series issued upon exchange, registration
of transfer or partial redemption thereof or pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;3.6</U>, and Securities so authenticated shall be entitled
to the benefits of this Indenture and shall be valid and obligatory for all purposes as if authenticated by the Trustee hereunder.
Wherever reference is made in this Indenture to the authentication and delivery of Securities by the Trustee or the Trustee&rsquo;s
certificate of authentication, such reference shall be deemed to include authentication and delivery on behalf of the Trustee
by an Authenticating Agent and a certificate of authentication executed on behalf of the Trustee by an Authenticating Agent. Each
Authenticating Agent shall be acceptable to the Company and shall at all times be a corporation organized and doing business under
the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to act as
Authenticating Agent, having a combined capital and surplus of not less than $50,000,000 and subject to supervision or examination
by Federal or State authority. If such Authenticating Agent publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law
or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital
and surplus of such Authenticating Agent shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent
report of condition so published. If at any time an Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions
of this Section, such Authenticating Agent shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect specified in this Section.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Any corporation
into which an Authenticating Agent may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting
from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which such Authenticating Agent shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding
to all or substantially all of the corporate agency or corporate trust business of an Authenticating Agent, shall continue to be
an Authenticating Agent, provided such corporation shall be otherwise eligible under this Section, without the execution or filing
of any paper or any further act on the part of the Trustee or the Authenticating Agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">An Authenticating
Agent may resign at any time by giving written notice thereof to the Trustee and to the Company. The Trustee may at any time terminate
the agency of an Authenticating Agent by giving written notice thereof to such Authenticating Agent and to the Company. Upon receiving
such a notice of resignation or upon such a termination, or in case at any time such Authenticating Agent shall cease to be eligible
in accordance with the provisions of this Section, the Trustee may appoint a successor Authenticating Agent which shall be acceptable
to the Company and shall mail written notice of such appointment by first-class mail, postage prepaid, to all Holders of Securities
of the series with respect to which such Authenticating Agent will serve, as their names and addresses appear in the Security Register.
Any successor Authenticating Agent upon acceptance of its appointment hereunder shall become vested with all the rights, powers
and duties of its predecessor hereunder, with like effect as if originally named as an Authenticating Agent. No successor Authenticating
Agent shall be appointed unless eligible under the provisions of this Section.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Except with respect
to an Authenticating Agent appointed at the request of the Company, the Trustee agrees to pay to each Authenticating Agent from
time to time reasonable compensation for its services under this <U>Section&nbsp;6.14</U>, and the Trustee shall be entitled to
be reimbursed by the Company for such payments, subject to the provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;6.7</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If an appointment
with respect to one or more series is made pursuant to this <U>Section&nbsp;6.14</U>, the Securities of such series may have endorsed
thereon, in addition to the Trustee&rsquo;s certificate of authentication, an alternate certificate of authentication in the following
form:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This is one of the
Securities of the series designated therein referred to in the within-mentioned Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: justify">As Trustee</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Date</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By: </FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: white 3pt solid; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center">As Authenticating Agent</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">As Authenticating Officer</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
Seven</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>HOLDERS&rsquo; LISTS AND REPORTS BY TRUSTEE AND COMPANY</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">7.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders</U>. The Company will furnish or cause to be furnished to the
Trustee:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>semi-annually, not more than 15 days after each Regular Record Date for a series of Securities, a list for such series of
Securities, in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders of Securities of such
series as of such Regular Record Date, and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request,
a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list is furnished; <U>provided</U>,
<U>however</U>, that if and so long as the Trustee shall be the Security Registrar, no such list need be furnished with respect
to such series of Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">7.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders contained
in the most recent list furnished to the Trustee as provided in <U>Section&nbsp;7.1</U> and the names and addresses of Holders
received by the Trustee in its capacity as Security Registrar. The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in
<U>Section&nbsp;7.1</U> upon receipt of a new list so furnished.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>If three or more Holders (herein referred to as &ldquo;<U>applicants</U>&rdquo;) apply in writing to the Trustee, and furnish
to the Trustee reasonable proof that each such applicant has owned a Security for a period of at least six months preceding the
date of such application, and such application states that the applicants desire to communicate with other Holders with respect
to their rights under this Indenture or under the Securities and is accompanied by a copy of the form of proxy or other communication
which such applicants propose to transmit, then the Trustee shall, within five business days after the receipt of such application,
at its election, either</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>afford such applicants access to the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with <U>Section&nbsp;7.2(a)</U>,
or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>inform such applicants as to the approximate number of Holders whose names and addresses appear in the information preserved
at the time by the Trustee in accordance with <U>Section&nbsp;7.2(a)</U>, and as to the approximate cost of mailing to such Holders
the form of proxy or other communication, if any, specified in such application.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If the Trustee
shall elect not to afford such applicants access to such information, the Trustee shall, upon the written request of such applicants,
mail to each Holder whose name and address appear in the information preserved at the time by the Trustee in accordance with <U>Section&nbsp;7.2(a)</U>
a copy of the form of proxy or other communication which is specified in such request, with reasonable promptness after a tender
to the Trustee of the material to be mailed and of payment, or provision for the payment, of the reasonable expenses of mailing,
unless within five days after such tender the Trustee shall mail to such applicants and file with the SEC, together with a copy
of the material to be mailed, a written statement to the effect that, in the opinion of the Trustee, such mailing would be contrary
to the best interest of the Holders or would be in violation of applicable law. Such written statement shall specify the basis
of such opinion. If the SEC, after opportunity for a hearing upon the objections specified in the written statement so filed, shall
enter an order refusing to sustain any of such objections or if, after the entry of an order sustaining one or more of such objections,
the SEC shall find, after notice and opportunity for hearing, that all the objections so sustained have been met and shall enter
an order so declaring, the Trustee shall mail copies of such material to all such Holders with reasonable promptness after the
entry of such order and the renewal of such tender; otherwise the Trustee shall be relieved of any obligation or duty to such applicants
respecting their application.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Every Holder of Securities, by receiving and holding the same, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that none of the
Company nor the Trustee nor any agent of any of them shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any such information
as to the names and addresses of the Holders in accordance with <U>Section&nbsp;7.2(b)</U>, regardless of the source from which
such information was derived, and that the Trustee shall not be held accountable by reason of mailing any material pursuant to
a request made under <U>Section&nbsp;7.2(b)</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">7.3<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Reports by Trustee</U>. Any Trustee&rsquo;s report required pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;313(a)</U> of the Trust Indenture
Act shall be dated as of May 15, and shall be transmitted within 60 days after May 15 of each year (but in all events at intervals
of not more than 12 months), commencing with the year 20 , by mail to all Holders, as their names and addresses appear in the Security
Register. A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each stock
exchange upon which any Securities are listed, with the SEC and with the Company. The Company will notify the Trustee when any
Securities are listed on any stock exchange.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">7.4<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Reports by Company</U>. The Company shall:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>file with the Trustee, within 15 days after the Company files the same with the SEC, copies of the annual reports and of
the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the SEC may from time to time
by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company may be required to file with the SEC pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;13</U> or
<U>Section&nbsp;15(d)</U> of the Exchange Act; or, if the Company is not required to file information, documents or reports pursuant
to either of said Sections, then it shall file with the Trustee and the SEC, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed
from time to time by the SEC, such of the supplementary and periodic information, documents and reports which may be required pursuant
to <U>Section&nbsp;13</U> of the Exchange Act in respect of a security listed and registered on a national securities exchange
as may be prescribed from time to time in such rules and regulations;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>file with the Trustee and the SEC, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the SEC, such
additional information, documents and reports with respect to compliance by the Company with the conditions and covenants of this
Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules and regulations; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>transmit by mail to all Holders, as their names and addresses appear in the Security Register, within 30 days after the
filing thereof with the Trustee, such summaries of any information, documents and reports required to be filed by the Company pursuant
to clauses (a) and (b) of this Section as may be required by rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the SEC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
Eight</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>CONSOLIDATION, AMALGAMATION, MERGER AND SALE</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">8.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Company May Consolidate, Etc., Only on Certain Terms</U>. The Company shall not consolidate or merge with or into any
other Person or sell, convey, transfer, lease or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of
the Company on a consolidated basis to any other Person, and shall not permit any Person to consolidate or merge into the Company,
unless:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>either: (i) the Company is the surviving corporation; or (ii) the Person formed by or surviving any such consolidation,
amalgamation or merger or resulting from such conversion (if other than the Company) or to which such sale, assignment, transfer,
conveyance or other disposition has been made is a corporation, limited liability company or limited partnership organized or existing
under the laws of the United States, any state of the United States or the District of Columbia;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Person formed by or surviving any such conversion, consolidation, amalgamation or merger (if other than the Company)
or the Person to which such sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance or other disposition has been made assumes all the obligations
of the Company under the Securities and this Indenture pursuant to agreements reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee; provided
that, unless such Person is a corporation, a corporate co-issuer of the Securities will be added to this Indenture by agreements
reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>immediately before and after giving pro forma effect to such transaction, no Event of Default, and no event which, after
notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such
consolidation, amalgamation, merger, conveyance, sale, transfer or lease and such supplemental indenture, if any, comply with this
Article Eight and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have been complied with.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">8.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Successor Substituted</U>. Upon any consolidation or merger of the Company with or into any other Person or any sale,
conveyance, transfer, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the properties and assets of the Company on a consolidated
basis in accordance with <U>Section&nbsp;8.1</U>, the successor or resulting Person formed by or resulting upon such consolidation
or merger (if other than the Company) or to which such sale, conveyance, transfer, lease or other disposition is made shall succeed
to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Indenture with the same effect as
if such successor Person had been named as the Company herein, and thereafter, except in the case of a lease, the predecessor Company
shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Indenture and the Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
Nine</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>AMENDMENT, SUPPLEMENT AND WAIVER</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">9.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Without Consent of Holders</U>. The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this indenture or the Securities
without the consent of any holder of a Security:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to cure any ambiguity or to correct or supplement any provision herein that may be inconsistent with any other provision
herein in a manner that does not adversely affect the rights of any Holder of Securities in any material respect; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of
the Company herein and, to the extent applicable, to the Securities; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to provide for uncertificated Securities in addition to or in place of certificated Securities; provided that the uncertificated
Securities are issued in registered form for purposes of <U>Section&nbsp;163(f)</U> of the Code, or in the manner such that the
uncertificated Securities are described in <U>Section&nbsp;163(f)(2)(B)</U> of the Code; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to secure the Securities of any series; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to add to the covenants of the Company such further covenants, restrictions, conditions or provisions as the Company shall
consider to be appropriate for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities (and if such covenants, restrictions,
conditions or provisions are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants are expressly
being included solely for the benefit of such series) or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company and
to make the occurrence, or the occurrence and continuance, of a Default in any such additional covenants, restrictions, conditions
or provisions an Event of Default permitting the enforcement of all or any of the several remedies provided in this Indenture as
herein set forth; provided, that in respect of any such additional covenant, restriction, condition or provision such supplemental
indenture may provide for a particular period of grace after default (which period may be shorter or longer than that allowed in
the case of other defaults) or may provide for an immediate enforcement upon such an Event of Default or may limit the remedies
available to the Trustee upon such an Event of Default or may limit the right of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal
amount of the Securities of such series to waive such an Event of Default; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to make any change to any provision of this Indenture that does not adversely affect the rights or interests of any Holder
of Securities; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to provide for the issuance of additional Securities in accordance with the provisions set forth in this Indenture on the
date of this Indenture; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to add any additional Defaults or Events of Default in respect of all or any series of Securities; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to add to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to permit or
facilitate the issuance of Securities in bearer form, registrable or not registrable as to principal, and with or without interest
coupons; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(j)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Indenture; provided that any such change or elimination shall become
effective only when there is no Security Outstanding of any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture
that is entitled to the benefit of such provision; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(k)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series as permitted by <U>Section&nbsp;2.1</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>,
including to reopen any series of any Securities as permitted under <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(l)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities
of one or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate
the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of <U>Section&nbsp;6.11(b)</U>;
or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(m)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to conform the text of this Indenture (and/or any supplemental indenture) or any debt securities issued thereunder to any
provision of a description of such debt securities appearing in a prospectus or prospectus supplement or an offering memorandum
or offering circular to the extent that such provision was intended to be a verbatim recreation of a provision of the indenture
(and/or any supplemental indenture) or any debt securities issued thereunder; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(n)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to modify, eliminate or add to the provisions of this Indenture to such extent as shall be necessary to effect the qualification
of this Indenture under the Trust Indenture Act or under any similar federal statute subsequently enacted, and to add to this Indenture
such other provisions as may be expressly required under the Trust Indenture Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">After an amendment
under this <U>Section&nbsp;9.1</U> becomes effective, the Company shall mail to Holders a notice briefly describing such amendment.
The failure to give such notice to Holders, or any defect therein, shall not impair or affect the validity of an amendment under
this <U>Section&nbsp;9.1</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon the request
of the Company accompanied by a resolution of its Board of Directors authorizing the execution of any such amended or supplemental
indenture, the Trustee is hereby authorized to join with the Company in the execution of any such supplemental indenture, to make
any further appropriate agreements and stipulations that may be therein contained and to accept the conveyance, transfer, assignment,
mortgage, charge or pledge of any property thereunder, but the Trustee shall not be obligated to enter into any such supplemental
indenture that affects the Trustee&rsquo;s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">9.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>With Consent of Holders</U>. The Company and the Trustee may amend or supplement this Indenture and the Securities with
the consent of the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of each series of Securities
affected by such amendment or supplemental indenture, with each such series voting as a separate class (including, without limitation,
consents obtained in connection with a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for Securities) and, subject to <U>Section&nbsp;5.8</U>
and <U>Section&nbsp;5.13</U> hereof, any existing Default or Event of Default or compliance with any provision of this Indenture
or the Securities may be waived with respect to each series of Securities with the consent of the Holders of a majority in principal
amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series voting as a separate class (including consents obtained in connection with
a purchase of, or tender offer or exchange offer for, Securities).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon the request
of the Company accompanied by a resolution of its Board of Directors authorizing the execution of any such amended or supplemental
indenture, and upon the filing with the Trustee of evidence satisfactory to the Trustee of the consent of the Holders of Securities
as aforesaid, and upon receipt by the Trustee of the documents described in <U>Section&nbsp;6.3</U> hereof, the Trustee will join
with the Company in the execution of such amended or supplemental indenture unless such amended or supplemental indenture directly
affects the Trustee&rsquo;s own rights, duties or immunities under this Indenture or otherwise, in which case the Trustee may in
its discretion, but will not be obligated to, enter into such amended or supplemental Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">It is not be necessary
for the consent of the Holders of Securities under this <U>Section&nbsp;9.2</U> to approve the particular form of any proposed
amendment or waiver, but it is sufficient if such consent approves the substance of the proposed amendment or waiver.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">After an amendment,
supplement or waiver under this <U>Section&nbsp;9.2</U> becomes effective, the Company will mail to the Holders of Securities affected
thereby a notice briefly describing the amendment, supplement or waiver. Any failure of the Company to mail such notice, or any
defect therein, will not, however, in any way impair or affect the validity of any such amended or supplemental indenture or waiver.
Subject to <U>Section&nbsp;5.8</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;5.13</U> hereof, the application of or compliance with, either generally
or in any particular instance, of any provision of this Indenture or the Securities may be waived as to each series of Securities
by the Holders of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of such series. However, without the consent
of each Holder affected, an amendment or waiver under this <U>Section&nbsp;9.2</U> may not (with respect to any Securities held
by a non-consenting Holder):</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>change the Stated Maturity of the principal of, or any installment of principal of or interest on, any Security, or reduce
the principal amount thereof or the rate of interest thereon or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof, or reduce the
amount of the principal of an Original Issue Discount Security that would be due and payable upon a declaration of acceleration
of the Maturity thereof pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;5.2</U>, or change any Place of Payment where, or the coin or currency in which,
any Security or any premium or the interest thereon is payable, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any
such payment on or after the Stated Maturity thereof (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date); or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>reduce the percentage in principal amount of the Outstanding Securities of any series, the consent of whose Holders is required
for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver (of compliance with certain provisions
of this Indenture or certain defaults hereunder and their consequences) provided for in this Indenture; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>modify any of the provisions of this <U>Section&nbsp;9.2</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;5.8</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;5.13</U> or <U>Section&nbsp;10.6</U>,
except to increase any such percentage or to provide that certain other provisions of this Indenture cannot be modified or waived
without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby, provided, however, that this clause (c) shall
not be deemed to require the consent of any Holder with respect to changes in the references to &ldquo;<U>the Trustee</U>&rdquo;
and concomitant changes in this Section, or the deletion of this proviso, in accordance with the requirements of <U>Section&nbsp;6.11(b)</U>
and <U>Section&nbsp;9.1(h)</U>; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>waive a redemption payment with respect to any Security; provided, however, that any purchase or repurchase of Securities
shall not be deemed a redemption of the Securities; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>make any change in the foregoing amendment and waiver provisions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">A supplemental indenture
that changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of this Indenture that has expressly been included solely for the benefit
of one or more particular series of Securities, or that modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect
to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this Indenture of the Holders of Securities
of any other series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">It shall not be
necessary for any Act of Holders under this <U>Section&nbsp;9.2</U> to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental
indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">9.3<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Execution of Supplemental Indentures</U>. In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental
indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this Indenture, the Trustee shall be
entitled to receive, and (subject to <U>Section&nbsp;6.1)</U> shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating
that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Indenture. The Trustee may, but shall not
be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee&rsquo;s own rights, duties or immunities
under this Indenture or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">9.4<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Effect
of Supplemental Indentures</U>. Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article Nine, this Indenture shall
be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture shall form a part of this Indenture for all purposes; and
every Holder of Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">9.5<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Conformity with Trust Indenture Act</U>. Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article Nine shall conform
to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">9.6<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures</U>. Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the
execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article Nine may, and shall if required by the Trustee, bear a notation
in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine,
new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee and the Company, to any such supplemental
indenture may be prepared and executed by the Company and authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for Outstanding
Securities of such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
Ten</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>COVENANTS</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">10.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Payment of Principal, Premium and Interest</U>. The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of each series of Securities
that it will duly and punctually pay the principal of and any premium and interest on the Securities of that series in accordance
with the terms of the Securities and this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">10.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Maintenance of Office or Agency</U>. The Company will maintain in St. Paul, Minnesota, an office or agency (which may
be an office of the Trustee or Registrar or agent of the Trustee or Registrar) where Securities of that series may be presented
or surrendered for payment, where Securities of that series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and where
notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that series and this Indenture may be served. The Company
will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at
any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address
thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company may
also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies where the Securities of one or more series may be presented
or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided, however, that no such
designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of its obligation to maintain an office or agency in St. Paul,
Minnesota for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and
of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Except as otherwise
specified with respect to a series of Securities as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>, the Company hereby initially designates
the office of the Trustee located at 60 Livingston Avenue, 3<SUP>rd</SUP> Floor, St. Paul, Minnesota 55107, as the Company&rsquo;s
office or agency for each such purpose for each series of Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">10.3<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Money for Securities Payments to be Held in Trust</U>. If the Company shall at any time act as its own Paying Agent,
with respect to any series of Securities, it will, on or before each due date of the principal of and any premium or interest on
any of the Securities of that series, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto a sum sufficient
to pay the principal and any premium and interest so becoming due until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed
of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure so to act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Whenever the Company
shall have one or more Paying Agents for any series of Securities, it will, prior to each due date of the principal of and any
premium or interest on any Securities of that series, deposit with a Paying Agent a sum sufficient to pay the principal and any
premium or interest so becoming due, such sum to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such principal, premium
or interest, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or failure
so to act. For purposes of this <U>Section&nbsp;10.3</U>, should a due date for principal of and any premium or interest on, or
sinking fund payment with respect to any series of Securities not be on a Business Day, such payment shall be due on the next Business
Day without any interest for the period from the due date until such Business Day.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company will
cause each Paying Agent for any series of Securities other than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument
in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>hold all sums held by it for the payment of the principal of and any premium or interest on Securities of that series in
trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto until such sums shall be paid to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as
herein provided;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>give the Trustee notice of any Default by the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities of that series) in the making
of any payment of principal and any premium or interest on the Securities of that series; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>at any time during the continuance of any such Default, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee
all sums so held in trust by such Paying Agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company may
at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Indenture or for any other purpose, pay, or by
Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay, to the Trustee all sums held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such sums
to be held by the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such sums were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and,
upon such payment by any Paying Agent to the Trustee, such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect
to such money.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Subject to any applicable
escheat or abandoned property laws, any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust
for the payment of the principal of and any premium or interest on any Security of any series and remaining unclaimed for one year
after such principal and any premium or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Company on Company Request, or
(if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter, as an unsecured
general creditor, look only to the Company for payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect
to such trust money, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>,
that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause
to be published once, in a newspaper published in the English language, customarily published on each Business Day and of general
circulation in St. Paul, Minnesota, notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall
not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be repaid to
the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">10.4<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Existence</U>. Subject to Article Eight, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and
keep in full force and effect its existence, rights (charter and statutory) and franchises; provided, however, that the Company
shall not be required to preserve any such right or franchise if the Company shall determine that the preservation thereof is no
longer desirable in the conduct of the business of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">10.5<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Statement by Officers as to Default</U>. Annually, within 150 days after the close of each fiscal year beginning with
the first fiscal year during which one or more series of Securities are Outstanding, the Company will deliver to the Trustee a
brief certificate (which need not include the statements set forth in <U>Section&nbsp;1.3)</U> from the principal executive officer,
principal financial officer or principal accounting officer of the Company as to his or her knowledge of the Company&rsquo;s compliance
(without regard to any period of grace or requirement of notice provided herein) with all conditions and covenants under the Indenture
and, if the Company shall be in Default, specifying all such Defaults and the nature and status thereof of which such officer has
knowledge.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">10.6<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Additional Amounts</U>. If the Securities of a series provide for the payment of additional amounts (as provided in <U>Section&nbsp;3.1(o))</U>,
at least 10 days prior to the first Interest Payment Date with respect to that series of Securities and at least 10 days prior
to each date of payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Securities of that series if there has been a change
with respect to the matters set forth in the below-mentioned Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee
and the principal Paying Agent, if other than the Trustee, an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate instructing the Trustee and such Paying
Agent whether such payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on the Securities of that series shall be made to holders
of the Securities of that series without withholding or deduction for or on account of any tax, assessment or other governmental
charge described in the Securities of that series. If any such withholding or deduction shall be required, then such Officer&rsquo;s
Certificate shall specify by country the amount, if any, required to be withheld or deducted on such payments to such holders and
shall certify the fact that additional amounts will be payable and the amounts so payable to each holder, and the Company shall
pay to the Trustee or such Paying Agent the additional amounts required to be paid by this Section. The Company covenants to indemnify
the Trustee and any Paying Agent for, and to hold them harmless against, any loss, liability or expense reasonably incurred without
negligence or bad faith on their part arising out of or in connection with actions taken or omitted by any of them in reliance
on any Officer&rsquo;s Certificate furnished pursuant to this <U>Section&nbsp;10.6</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Whenever in this
Indenture there is mentioned, in any context, the payment of the principal of or any premium, interest or any other amounts on,
or in respect of, any Securities of any series, such mention shall be deemed to include mention of the payment of additional amounts
provided by the terms of such series established hereby or pursuant hereto to the extent that, in such context, additional amounts
are, were or would be payable in respect thereof pursuant to such terms, and express mention of the payment of additional amounts
(if applicable) in any provision hereof shall not be construed as excluding the payment of additional amounts in those provisions
hereof where such express mention is not made.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
Eleven</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>REDEMPTION OF SECURITIES</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">11.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Applicability of Article</U>. Securities of any series which are redeemable before their Stated Maturity shall be redeemable
in accordance with their terms and (except as otherwise specified as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> for Securities of
any series) in accordance with this Article Eleven.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">11.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee</U>. The election of the Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced by
a Board Resolution. In case of any redemption at the election of the Company of less than all the Securities of any series, the
Company shall, at least 15 days prior to the last date for the giving of notice of such redemption (unless a shorter notice shall
be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee of such Redemption Date and of the principal amount of Securities of such series
to be redeemed and, if applicable, of the tenor of the Securities to be redeemed. In the case of any redemption of Securities (a)
prior to the expiration of any restriction on such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this Indenture
or (b) pursuant to an election of the Company that is subject to a condition specified in the terms of the Securities of the series
to be redeemed, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate evidencing compliance with such restriction
or condition.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">11.3<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Selection by Trustee of Securities to be Redeemed</U>. If less than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed
(unless all of the Securities of such series and of a specified tenor are to be redeemed), the particular Securities to be redeemed
shall be selected not more than 45 days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series
not previously called for redemption, by lot, pro rata or by another method as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate, including
any method required by the Depository with respect to any Global Securities (and in such manner as is not prohibited by applicable
legal requirements) and which may provide for the selection for redemption of portions (equal to the minimum authorized denomination
for Securities of that series or any integral multiple thereof) of the principal amount of Securities of such series of a denomination
larger than the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Trustee shall
promptly notify the Company in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected for
partial redemption, the principal amount thereof to be redeemed. If the Securities of any series to be redeemed consist of Securities
having different dates on which the principal is payable or different rates of interest, or different methods by which interest
may be determined or have any other different tenor or terms, then the Company may, by written notice to the Trustee, direct that
the Securities of such series to be redeemed shall be selected from among the groups of such Securities having specified tenor
or terms and the Trustee shall thereafter select the particular Securities to be redeemed in the manner set forth in the preceding
paragraph from among the group of such Securities so specified.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">For all purposes
of this Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate,
in the case of any Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of the principal amount of such Securities
which has been or is to be redeemed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">11.4<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Notice of Redemption</U>. Notice of redemption shall be given by first-class mail, postage prepaid, mailed not less than
30 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date, to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed, at his address appearing in
the Security Register.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">All notices of redemption
shall state:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Redemption Date,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Redemption Price, or if not then ascertainable, the manner of calculation thereof,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial
redemption, the principal amounts) of the particular Securities to be redeemed,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>that on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each such Security to be redeemed and,
if applicable, that interest thereon will cease to accrue on and after said date,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the place or places where such Securities are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price, and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>that the redemption is for a sinking fund, if such is the case.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify">Notice of redemption of Securities to
be redeemed at the election of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company&rsquo;s request, by the Trustee in
the name and at the expense of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">11.5<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Deposit of Redemption Price</U>. Prior to any Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying
Agent (or, if the Company is acting as its own Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in <U>Section&nbsp;10.3)</U>
an amount of money sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of, and (except if the Redemption Date shall be an Interest Payment Date)
accrued interest on, all the Securities which are to be redeemed on that date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">11.6<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Securities Payable on Redemption Date</U>. Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so to
be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the Redemption Price therein specified, and from and after
such date (unless the Company shall default in the payment of the Redemption Price and accrued interest) such Securities shall
cease to bear interest. Upon surrender of any such Security for redemption in accordance with said notice, such Security shall
be paid by the Company at the Redemption Price, together with accrued interest to the Redemption Date; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>,
that unless otherwise specified with respect to Securities of any series as contemplated in <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U>, installments
of interest whose Stated Maturity is on or prior to the Redemption Date shall be payable to the Holders of such Securities, or
one or more Predecessor Securities, registered as such at the close of business on the relevant record dates according to their
terms and the provisions of <U>Section&nbsp;3.7</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">If any Security
called for redemption shall not be so paid upon surrender thereof for redemption, the principal (and premium, if any) shall, until
paid, bear interest from the Redemption Date at the rate prescribed therefor in the Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">11.7<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Securities Redeemed in Part</U>. Any Security which is to be redeemed only in part shall be surrendered at a Place of
Payment therefor (with, if the Company or the Trustee so requires, due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form
satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing), and
the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Security without service charge,
a new Security or Securities of the same series and tenor, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder, in aggregate
principal amount equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the principal of the Security so surrendered.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
Twelve</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>SINKING FUNDS</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">12.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Applicability of Article</U>. The provisions of this Article Twelve shall be applicable to any sinking fund for the retirement
of Securities of a series except as otherwise specified as contemplated by <U>Section&nbsp;3.1</U> for Securities of such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The minimum amount
of any sinking fund payment provided for by the terms of Securities of any series is herein referred to as a &ldquo;<U>mandatory
sinking fund payment,</U>&rdquo; and any payment in excess of such minimum amount provided for by the terms of Securities of any
series is herein referred to as an &ldquo;<U>optional sinking fund payment.</U>&rdquo; If provided for by the terms of Securities
of any series, the cash amount of any sinking fund payment may be subject to reduction as provided in <U>Section&nbsp;12.2</U>.
Each sinking fund payment shall be applied to the redemption of Securities of any series as provided for by the terms of Securities
of such series.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">12.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Satisfaction of Sinking Fund Payments with Securities</U>. The Company (a) may deliver Outstanding Securities of a series
(other than any previously called for redemption) and (b) may apply as a credit Securities of a series which have been redeemed
either at the election of the Company pursuant to the terms of such Securities or through the application of permitted optional
sinking fund payments pursuant to the terms of such Securities, in each case in satisfaction of all or any part of any sinking
fund payment with respect to the Securities of such series required to be made pursuant to the terms of such Securities as provided
for by the terms of such series; provided that such Securities have not been previously so credited. Such Securities shall be received
and credited for such purpose by the Trustee at the Redemption Price specified in such Securities for redemption through operation
of the sinking fund and the amount of such sinking fund payment shall be reduced accordingly.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">12.3<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Redemption of Securities for Sinking Fund</U>. Not less than 45 days prior to each sinking fund payment date for any
series of Securities (unless a shorter period shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), the Company will deliver to the Trustee an
Officer&rsquo;s Certificate specifying the amount of the next ensuing sinking fund payment for that series pursuant to the terms
of that series, the portion thereof, if any, which is to be satisfied by payment of cash and the portion thereof, if any, which
is to be satisfied by delivering and crediting Securities of that series pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;12.2</U> and stating the basis
for such credit and that such Securities have not been previously so credited, and will also deliver to the Trustee any Securities
to be so delivered. Not less than 30 days before each such sinking fund payment date the Trustee shall select the Securities to
be redeemed upon such sinking fund payment date in the manner specified in <U>Section&nbsp;11.3</U> and cause notice of the redemption
thereof to be given in the name of and at the expense of the Company in the manner provided in <U>Section&nbsp;11.4</U>. Such notice
having been duly given, the redemption of such Securities shall be made upon the terms and in the manner stated in <U>Section&nbsp;11.6</U>
and <U>Section&nbsp;11.7</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
Thirteen</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>DEFEASANCE</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">13.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Option to Effect Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance</U>. The Company may, at the option of its Board of Directors
evidenced by a resolution set forth in an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, and at any time, elect to have either <U>Section&nbsp;13.2</U>
or <U>Section&nbsp;13.3</U> hereof be applied to all outstanding Securities upon compliance with the conditions set forth below
in this Article Thirteen.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">13.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Legal Defeasance and Discharge</U>. Upon the Company&rsquo;s exercise under <U>Section&nbsp;13.1</U> hereof of the option
applicable to this <U>Section&nbsp;13.2</U>, the Company will, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in <U>Section&nbsp;13.4</U>
hereof, be deemed to have been discharged from their obligations with respect to all outstanding Securities on the date the conditions
set forth below are satisfied (hereinafter, &ldquo;<U>Legal Defeasance</U>&rdquo;). For this purpose, Legal Defeasance means that
the Company will be deemed to have paid and discharged the entire Debt represented by the outstanding Securities, which will thereafter
be deemed to be &ldquo;<U>outstanding</U>&rdquo; only for the purposes of <U>Section&nbsp;13.5</U> hereof and the other sections
of this Indenture referred to in clauses (a) and (b) below, and to have satisfied all their other obligations under such Securities
and this Indenture (and the Trustee, on demand of and at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging
the same), except for the following provisions which will survive until otherwise terminated or discharged hereunder:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the rights of Holders of Outstanding Securities to receive payments in respect of the principal of, or interest or premium,
if any, on such Securities when such payments are due from the trust referred to in <U>Section&nbsp;13.4</U> hereof;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company&rsquo;s obligations with respect to such Securities under <U>Section&nbsp;3.4</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;3.5</U>,
<U>Section&nbsp;3.6</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;10.2</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;10.3</U> hereof;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the rights, powers, trusts, duties and immunities of the Trustee hereunder and the Company&rsquo;s obligations in connection
therewith; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>this Article Thirteen.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Subject to compliance
with this Article Thirteen, the Company may exercise its option under this <U>Section&nbsp;13.2</U> notwithstanding the prior exercise
of its option under <U>Section&nbsp;13.3</U> hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">13.3<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Covenant Defeasance</U>. Upon the Company&rsquo;s exercise under <U>Section&nbsp;13.1</U> hereof of the option applicable
to this <U>Section&nbsp;13.3</U>, the Company will, subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in <U>Section&nbsp;13.4</U>
hereof, be released from each of their obligations under the covenants contained in <U>Section&nbsp;7.4</U>, <U>Section&nbsp;8.1</U>
and <U>Section&nbsp;10.4</U> hereof as well as any Additional Defeasible Provisions (such release and termination hereinafter referred
to as &ldquo;<U>Covenant Defeasance</U>&rdquo;), and the Securities will thereafter be deemed not &ldquo;<U>outstanding</U>&rdquo;
for the purposes of any direction, waiver, consent or declaration or act of Holders (and the consequences of any thereof) in connection
with such covenants, but will continue to be deemed &ldquo;<U>outstanding</U>&rdquo; for all other purposes hereunder (it being
understood that such Securities will not be deemed outstanding for accounting purposes). For this purpose, Covenant Defeasance
means that, with respect to the outstanding Securities, the Company may omit to comply with and will have no liability in respect
of any term, condition or limitation set forth in any such covenant, whether directly or indirectly, by reason of any reference
elsewhere herein to any such covenant or by reason of any reference in any such covenant to any other provision herein or in any
other document and such omission to comply will not constitute a Default or an Event of Default under <U>Section&nbsp;5.1</U> hereof,
but, except as specified above, the remainder of this Indenture and such Securities will be unaffected thereby. In addition, upon
the Company&rsquo;s exercise under <U>Section&nbsp;13.1</U> hereof of the option applicable to this <U>Section&nbsp;13.3</U> hereof,
subject to the satisfaction of the conditions set forth in <U>Section&nbsp;13.4</U> hereof, <U>Section&nbsp;5.1(c)</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;5.1(d)</U>
hereof and will not constitute Events of Default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">13.4<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Conditions to Legal or Covenant Defeasance</U>. In order to exercise either Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance under
either <U>Section&nbsp;13.2</U> or <U>Section&nbsp;13.3</U> hereof:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company must irrevocably deposit with the Trustee, in trust, for the benefit of the Holders of the Securities, cash
in U.S. dollars, non-callable U.S. Government Obligations, or a combination of cash in U.S. dollars and non-callable U.S. Government
Obligations, in such amounts as will be sufficient, in the opinion of a nationally recognized investment bank, appraisal firm,
or firm of independent public accountants to pay the principal of, or interest and premium, if any, on the Outstanding Securities
on the stated date for payment thereof or on the applicable redemption date, as the case may be, and the Company must specify whether
the Securities are being defeased to such stated date for payment or to a particular redemption date;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>in the case of an election under <U>Section&nbsp;13.2</U> hereof, the Company must deliver to the Trustee an Opinion of
Counsel confirming that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company has received from, or there has been published by, the Internal Revenue Service a ruling; or</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>since the Issue Date, there has been a change in the applicable federal income tax law, in either case to the effect that,
and based thereon such Opinion of Counsel will confirm that, the Holders of the Outstanding Securities will not recognize income,
gain or loss for federal income tax purposes as a result of such Legal Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on
the same amounts, in the same manner and at the same times as would have been the case if such Legal Defeasance had not occurred;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>in the case of an election under <U>Section&nbsp;13.3</U> hereof, the Company must deliver to the Trustee an Opinion of
Counsel confirming that the Holders of the Outstanding Securities will not recognize income, gain or loss for federal income tax
purposes as a result of such Covenant Defeasance and will be subject to federal income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner
and at the same times as would have been the case if such Covenant Defeasance had not occurred;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>no Default or Event of Default has occurred and is continuing on the date of such deposit (other than a Default or Event
of Default resulting from the borrowing of funds to be applied to such deposit);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the deposit will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under, any other instrument to which the
Company is a party or by which the Company is bound;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>such Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance will not result in a breach or violation of, or constitute a default under,
any material agreement or instrument (other than this Indenture) to which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is a party or
by which the Company or any of its Subsidiaries is bound;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company must deliver to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate stating that the deposit was not made by the Company
with the intent of preferring the Holders of Securities over the other creditors of the Company with the intent of defeating, hindering,
delaying or defrauding any other creditors of the Company or others;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company must deliver to the Trustee an Officer&rsquo;s Certificate, stating that all conditions precedent set forth
in clauses (a) through (g) of this <U>Section&nbsp;13.4</U> have been complied with; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Company must deliver to the Trustee an Opinion of Counsel (which Opinion of Counsel may be subject to customary assumptions,
qualifications and exclusions), stating that all conditions precedent set forth in clauses (b), (c) and (e) of this <U>Section&nbsp;13.4</U>
have been complied with; provided that the Opinion of Counsel with respect to clause (e) of this <U>Section&nbsp;13.4</U> may be
to the knowledge of such counsel.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">13.5<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Deposited Money and U.S. Government Obligations to be Held in Trust, Other Miscellaneous Provisions</U>. Subject to <U>Section&nbsp;13.6</U>
hereof, all money and non-callable U.S. Government Obligation (including the proceeds thereof) deposited with the Trustee (or other
qualifying trustee, collectively for purposes of this <U>Section&nbsp;13.5</U>, the &ldquo;<U>Trustee</U>&rdquo;) pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;13.4</U>
hereof in respect of the Outstanding Securities will be held in trust and applied by the Trustee, in accordance with the provisions
of such Securities and this Indenture, to the payment, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting
as Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Holders of such Securities of all sums due and to become due thereon in respect
of principal, premium, if any, and interest, but such money need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required
by law.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The Company will
pay and indemnify the Trustee against any tax, fee or other charge imposed on or assessed against the cash or non-callable U.S.
Government Obligations deposited pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;13.4</U> hereof or the principal and interest received in respect
thereof other than any such tax, fee or other charge which by law is for the account of the Holders of the Outstanding Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Notwithstanding
anything in this Article Thirteen to the contrary, the Trustee will deliver or pay to the Company from time to time upon the request
of the Company any money or non-callable U.S. Government Obligations held by it as provided in <U>Section&nbsp;13.4</U> hereof
which, in the opinion of a nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants expressed in a written certification thereof
delivered to the Trustee (which may be the opinion delivered under <U>Section&nbsp;13.4(a)</U> hereof), are in excess of the amount
thereof that would then be required to be deposited to effect an equivalent Legal Defeasance or Covenant Defeasance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">13.6<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Repayment</U>. Any money deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the
payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Security and remaining unclaimed for two years after such principal,
premium, if any, or interest has become due and payable shall be paid to the Company on its request or (if then held by the Company)
will be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security will thereafter be permitted to look only to the Company for
payment thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money, and all liability of the
Company as trustee thereof, will thereupon cease; provided, however, that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required
to make any such repayment, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published once, in the New York Times and The Wall Street
Journal (national edition), notice that such money remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which will not be
less than 30 days from the date of such notification or publication, any unclaimed balance of such money then remaining will be
repaid to the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">13.7<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Reinstatement</U>. If the Trustee or Paying Agent is unable to apply any United States dollars or non-callable U.S. Government
Obligations in accordance with <U>Section&nbsp;13.2</U> or <U>Section&nbsp;13.3</U> hereof, as the case may be, by reason of any
order or judgment of any court or governmental authority enjoining, restraining or otherwise prohibiting such application, then
the Company&rsquo;s obligations under this Indenture and the Securities will be revived and reinstated as though no deposit had
occurred pursuant to <U>Section&nbsp;13.2</U> or <U>Section&nbsp;13.3</U> hereof until such time as the Trustee or Paying Agent
is permitted to apply all such money in accordance with <U>Section&nbsp;13.2</U> or <U>Section&nbsp;13.3</U> hereof, as the case
may be; provided, however, that, if the Company makes any payment of principal of, premium, if any, or interest on any Note following
the reinstatement of its obligations, the Company will be subrogated to the rights of the Holders of such Securities to receive
such payment from the money held by the Trustee or Paying Agent.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>ARTICLE
Fourteen</B></FONT><BR>
<B><U>SUBORDINATION OF SECURITIES</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.1<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>Securities Subordinated to Senior Debt</U>. The Company and the Trustee each covenants and agrees, and each Holder, by
its acceptance of a Security, likewise covenants and agrees that all Securities shall be issued subject to the provisions of this
Article Fourteen; and each Person holding any Security, whether upon original issue or upon transfer, assignment or exchange thereof,
accepts and agrees that the payment of the principal of, interest and premium, if any, on each and all of the Securities shall,
to the extent and in the manner set forth in this Article Fourteen, be subordinated in right of payment to the prior payment in
full, in cash or cash equivalents, of all existing and future Senior Debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.2<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT><U>No Payment on Securities in Certain Circumstances</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>No direct or indirect payment by or on behalf of the Company of the principal of, interest and premium, if any, on each
and all of the Securities (other than with the money, securities or proceeds held under any defeasance trust established in accordance
with this Indenture), whether pursuant to the terms of the Securities or upon acceleration or otherwise shall be made if, at the
time of such payment, there exists a default in the payment of all or any portion of the obligations on any Senior Debt and such
default shall not have been cured or waived or the benefits of this sentence waived by or on behalf of the holders of such Senior
Debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>During the continuance of any other event of default with respect to any Designated Senior Debt pursuant to which the maturity
thereof may be accelerated, upon receipt by the Trustee of written notice from the trustee or other representative for the holders
of such Designated Senior Debt (or the holders of at least a majority in principal amount of such Designated Senior Debt then outstanding),
no payment of the principal of, interest or premium, if any, on each and all of the Securities (other than with the money, securities
or proceeds held under any defeasance trust established in accordance with this Indenture) may be made by or on behalf of the Company
upon or in respect of the Securities for a period (a &ldquo;<U>Payment Blockage Period</U>&rdquo;) commencing on the date of receipt
of such notice and ending 179 days thereafter (unless, in each case, such Payment Blockage Period has been terminated by written
notice to the Trustee from such trustee of, or other representatives for, such holders or by payment in full in cash or cash equivalents
of such Designated Senior Debt or such event of default has been cured or waived). Not more than one Payment Blockage Period may
be commenced with respect to the Securities during any period of 360 consecutive days. Notwithstanding anything in this Indenture
to the contrary, there must be 180 consecutive days in any 360-day period in which no Payment Blockage Period is in effect. No
event of default that existed or was continuing (it being acknowledged that any subsequent action that would give rise to an event
of default pursuant to any provision under which an event of default previously existed or was continuing shall constitute a new
event of default for this purpose) on the date of the commencement of any Payment Blockage Period with respect to the Designated
Senior Debt initiating such Payment Blockage Period shall be, or shall be made, the basis for the commencement of a second Payment
Blockage Period by the trustee or other representative for the holders of such Designated Senior Debt, whether or not within a
period of 360 consecutive days, unless such event of default shall have been cured or waived for a period of not less than 90 consecutive
days.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>In the event that, notwithstanding the foregoing, any payment shall be received by the Trustee or any Holder when such payment
is prohibited by clause (a) or (b) above, the Trustee shall promptly notify the holders of Senior Debt of such prohibited payment
and such payment shall be held in trust for the benefit of, and shall be paid over or delivered to, the holders of Senior Debt
or their respective representatives, or to the trustee or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any of such Senior Debt
may have been issued, as their respective interests may appear, but only to the extent that, upon notice from the Trustee to the
holders of Senior Debt that such prohibited payment has been made, the holders of the Senior Debt (or their representative or representatives
of a trustee) within 30 days of receipt of such notice from the Trustee notify the Trustee of the amounts then due and owing on
the Senior Debt, if any, and only the amounts specified in such notice to the Trustee shall be paid to the holders of Senior Debt
and any excess above such amounts due and owing on Senior Debt shall be paid to the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.3<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Payment over Proceeds upon Dissolution, Etc</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Upon any payment or distribution of assets or securities of the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property
or securities (other than with the money, securities or proceeds held under any defeasance trust established in accordance with
this Indenture), in connection with any dissolution or winding up or total or partial liquidation or reorganization of the Company,
whether voluntary or involuntary, or in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other proceedings or other marshalling of assets
for the benefit of creditors, all amounts due or to become due upon all Senior Debt shall first be paid in full, in cash or cash
equivalents, before the Holders or the Trustee on their behalf shall be entitled to receive any payment by (or on behalf of) the
Company on account of the Securities, or any payment to acquire any of the Securities for cash, property or securities, or any
distribution with respect to the Securities of any cash, property or securities. Before any payment may be made by, or on behalf
of, the Company on any Security (other than with the money, securities or proceeds held under any defeasance trust established
in accordance with this Indenture), in connection with any such dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization, any payment
or distribution of assets or securities for the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, to which
the Holders or the Trustee on their behalf would be entitled, but for the provisions of this Article Fourteen, shall be made by
the Company or by any receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other similar Person making such payment or
distribution or by the Holders or the Trustee if received by them or it, directly to the holders of Senior Debt (pro rata to such
holders on the basis of the respective amounts of Senior Debt held by such holders) or their representatives or to any trustee
or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any such Senior Debt may have been issued, as their respective interests appear,
to the extent necessary to pay all such Senior Debt in full, in cash or cash equivalents, after giving effect to any concurrent
payment, distribution or provision therefor to or for the holders of such Senior Debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>To the extent any payment of Senior Debt (whether by or on behalf of the Company, as proceeds of security or enforcement
of any right of setoff or otherwise) is declared to be fraudulent or preferential, set aside or required to be paid to any receiver,
trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other similar Person under any bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership, fraudulent
conveyance or similar law, then if such payment is recovered by, or paid over to, such receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating
trustee or other similar Person, the Senior Debt or part thereof originally intended to be satisfied shall be deemed to be reinstated
and outstanding as if such payment had not occurred. To the extent the obligation to repay any Senior Debt is declared to be fraudulent,
invalid, or otherwise set aside under any bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership, fraudulent conveyance or similar law, then the
obligation so declared fraudulent, invalid or otherwise set aside (and all other amounts that would come due with respect thereto
had such obligation not been so affected) shall be deemed to be reinstated and outstanding as Senior Debt for all purposes hereof
as if such declaration, invalidity or setting aside had not occurred.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>In the event that, notwithstanding the provision in clause (a) above prohibiting such payment or distribution, any payment
or distribution of assets or securities of the Company of any kind or character, whether in cash, property or securities, shall
be received by the Trustee or any Holder at a time when such payment or distribution is prohibited by clause (a) above and before
all obligations in respect of Senior Debt are paid in full, in cash or cash equivalents, such payment or distribution shall be
received and held in trust for the benefit of, and shall be paid over or delivered to, the holders of Senior Debt (pro rata to
such holders on the basis of the respective amounts of Senior Debt held by such holders) or their representatives or to any trustee
or trustees under any indenture pursuant to which any such Senior Debt may have been issued, as their respective interests appear,
for application to the payment of all such Senior Debt remaining unpaid, in cash or cash equivalents, after giving effect to any
concurrent payment, distribution or provision therefor to or for the holders of such Senior Debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>For purposes of this <U>Section&nbsp;14.3</U>, the words &ldquo;<U>cash, property or securities</U>&rdquo; shall not be
deemed to include, so long as the effect of this clause is not to cause the Securities to be treated in any case or proceeding
or similar event described in this <U>Section&nbsp;14.3</U> as part of the same class of claims as the Senior Debt or any class
of claims pari passu with, or senior to, the Senior Debt for any payment or distribution, securities of the Company or any other
corporation provided for by a plan of reorganization or readjustment that are subordinated, at least to the extent that the Securities
are subordinated, to the payment of all Senior Debt then outstanding; provided that (i) if a new corporation results from such
reorganization or readjustment, such corporation assumes the Senior Debt and (ii) the rights of the holders of the Senior Debt
are not, without the consent of such holders, altered by such reorganization or readjustment. The consolidation of the Company
with, or the merger of the Company with or into, another corporation or the liquidation or dissolution of the Company following
the sale, conveyance, transfer, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of its property and assets to another corporation
upon the terms and conditions provided in <U>Section&nbsp;8.1</U> of this Indenture shall not be deemed a dissolution, winding
up, liquidation or reorganization for the purposes of this <U>Section&nbsp;14.3</U> if such other corporation shall, as a part
of such consolidation, merger, sale, conveyance, transfer, lease or other disposition, comply (to the extent required) with the
conditions stated in <U>Section&nbsp;8.1</U> of this Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.4<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Subrogation</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Upon the payment in full of all Senior Debt in cash or cash equivalents, the Holders shall be subrogated to the rights of
the holders of Senior Debt to receive payments or distributions of cash, property or securities of the Company made on such Senior
Debt until the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities shall be paid in full; and, for the purposes of such
subrogation, no payments or distributions to the holders of the Senior Debt of any cash, property or securities to which the Holders
or the Trustee on their behalf would be entitled except for the provisions of this Article Fourteen, and no payment pursuant to
the provisions of this Article Fourteen to the holders of Senior Debt by the Holders or the Trustee on their behalf shall, as between
the Company, its creditors other than holders of Senior Debt, and the Holders, be deemed to be a payment by the Company to or on
account of the Senior Debt. It is understood that the provisions of this Article Fourteen are intended solely for the purpose of
defining the relative rights of the Holders, on the one hand, and the holders of the Senior Debt, on the other hand.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>If any payment or distribution to which the Holders would otherwise have been entitled but for the provisions of this Article
Fourteen shall have been applied, pursuant to the provisions of this Article Fourteen, to the payment of all amounts payable under
Senior Debt, then, and in such case, the Holders shall be entitled to receive from the holders of such Senior Debt any payments
or distributions received by such holders of Senior Debt in excess of the amount required to make payment in full, in cash or cash
equivalents, of such Senior Debt of such holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.5<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Obligations of Company Unconditional</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Nothing contained in this Article Fourteen or elsewhere in this Indenture or in the Securities is intended to or shall impair,
as among the Company and the Holders, the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay to the Holders
the principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance
with their terms, or is intended to or shall affect the relative rights of the Holders and creditors of the Company other than
the holders of the Senior Debt, nor shall anything herein or therein prevent the Holders or the Trustee on their behalf from exercising
all remedies otherwise permitted by applicable law upon default under this Indenture, subject to the rights, if any, under this
Article Fourteen of the holders of the Senior Debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, nothing contained in this Article Fourteen will restrict the right of
the Trustee or the Holders to take any action to declare the Securities to be due and payable prior to their Stated Maturity pursuant
to <U>Section&nbsp;5.1</U> of this Indenture or to pursue any rights or remedies hereunder; <U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that
all Senior Debt then due and payable or thereafter declared to be due and payable shall first be paid in full, in cash or cash
equivalents, before the Holders or the Trustee are entitled to receive any direct or indirect payment from the Company with respect
to any Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.6<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Notice to Trustee</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any fact known to the Company that would prohibit the making
of any payment to or by the Trustee in respect of the Securities pursuant to the provisions of this Article Fourteen. The Trustee
shall not be charged with the knowledge of the existence of any default or event of default with respect to any Senior Debt or
of any other facts that would prohibit the making of any payment to or by the Trustee unless and until the Trustee shall have received
notice in writing at its Corporate Trust Office to that effect signed by an Officer of the Company, or by a holder of Senior Debt
or trustee or agent thereof; and prior to the receipt of any such written notice, the Trustee shall, subject to Article Six, be
entitled to assume that no such facts exist; provided that, if the Trustee shall not have received the notice provided for in this
<U>Section&nbsp;14.6</U> at least two Business Days prior to the date upon which, by the terms of this Indenture, any monies shall
become payable for any purpose (including, without limitation, the payment of the principal of, premium, if any, or interest on
any Security), then, notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Trustee shall have full power and authority to receive
any monies from the Company and to apply the same to the purpose for which they were received, and shall not be affected by any
notice to the contrary that may be received by it on or after such prior date except for an acceleration of the Securities prior
to such application. Nothing contained in this <U>Section&nbsp;14.6</U> shall limit the right of the holders of Senior Debt to
recover payments as contemplated by this Article Fourteen. The foregoing shall not apply if the Paying Agent is the Company. The
Trustee shall be entitled to rely on the delivery to it of a written notice by a Person representing himself or itself to be a
holder of any Senior Debt (or a trustee on behalf of, or other representative of, such holder) to establish that such notice has
been given by a holder of such Senior Debt or a trustee or representative on behalf of any such holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>In the event that the Trustee determines in good faith that any evidence is required with respect to the right of any Person
as a holder of Senior Debt to participate in any payment or distribution pursuant to this Article Fourteen, the Trustee may request
such Person to furnish evidence to the reasonable satisfaction of the Trustee as to the amount of Senior Debt held by such Person,
the extent to which such Person is entitled to participate in such payment or distribution and any other facts pertinent to the
rights of such Person under this Article Fourteen and, if such evidence is not furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee may defer
any payment to such Person pending judicial determination as to the right of such Person to receive such payment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.7<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Reliance on Judicial Order or Certificate of Liquidating Agent</U>. Upon any payment or distribution of assets or securities
referred to in this Article Fourteen, the Trustee and the Holders shall be entitled to rely upon any order or decree made by any
court of competent jurisdiction in which bankruptcy, dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization proceedings are pending,
or upon a certificate of the receiver, trustee in bankruptcy, liquidating trustee, agent or other similar Person making such payment
or distribution, delivered to the Trustee or to the Holders for the purpose of ascertaining the persons entitled to participate
in such distribution, the holders of the Senior Debt and other Debt of the Company, the amount thereof or payable thereon, the
amount or amounts paid or distributed thereon and all other facts pertinent thereto or to this Article Fourteen.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.8<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Trustee&rsquo;s Relation to Senior Debt</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Trustee and any Paying Agent shall be entitled to all the rights set forth in this Article Fourteen with respect to
any Senior Debt that may at any time be held by it in its individual or any other capacity to the same extent as any other holder
of Senior Debt and nothing in this Indenture shall deprive the Trustee or any Paying Agent of any of its rights as such holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 44pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>With respect to the holders of Senior Debt, the Trustee undertakes to perform or to observe only such of its covenants and
obligations as are specifically set forth in this Article Fourteen, and no implied covenants or obligations with respect to the
holders of Senior Debt shall be read into this Indenture against the Trustee. The Trustee shall not be deemed to owe any fiduciary
duty to the holders of Senior Debt (except as provided in <U>Section&nbsp;14.2</U> and <U>Section&nbsp;14.3</U> of this Indenture)
and shall not be liable to any such holders if the Trustee shall in good faith mistakenly pay over or distribute to Holders of
Securities or to the Company or to any other person cash, property or securities to which any holders of Senior Debt shall be entitled
by virtue of this Article Fourteen or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.9<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Subordination Rights Not Impaired by Acts or Omissions of the Company or Holders of Senior Debt</U>. No right of any
present or future holders of any Senior Debt to enforce subordination as provided in this Article Fourteen will at any time in
any way be prejudiced or impaired by any act or failure to act on the part of the Company or by any act or failure to act, in good
faith, by any such holder, or by any noncompliance by the Company with the terms of this Indenture, regardless of any knowledge
thereof that any such holder may have or otherwise be charged with. The provisions of this Article Fourteen are intended to be
for the benefit of, and shall be enforceable directly by, the holders of Senior Debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.10<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Holders Authorize Trustee to Effectuate Subordination of Securities</U>. Each Holder by his acceptance of any Securities
authorizes and expressly directs the Trustee on his behalf to take such action as may be necessary or appropriate to effectuate
the subordination provided in this Article Fourteen, and appoints the Trustee his attorney-in-fact for such purposes, including,
in the event of any dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization of the Company (whether in bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership,
reorganization or similar proceedings or upon an assignment for the benefit of creditors or otherwise) tending towards liquidation
of the property and assets of the Company, the filing of a claim for the unpaid balance of its Securities in the form required
in those proceedings. If the Trustee does not file a proper claim or proof in indebtedness in the form required in such proceeding
at least 30 days before the expiration of the time to file such claim or claims, each holder of Senior Debt is hereby authorized
to file an appropriate claim for and on behalf of the Holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.11<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Not to Prevent Events of Default</U>. The failure to make a payment on account of principal of, premium, if any, or interest
on the Securities by reason of any provision of this Article Fourteen will not be construed as preventing the occurrence of an
Event of Default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.12<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Trustee&rsquo;s Compensation Not Prejudiced</U>. Nothing in this Article Fourteen will apply to amounts due to the Trustee
pursuant to other sections of this Indenture, including <U>Section&nbsp;6.7</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.13<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>No Waiver of Subordination Provisions</U>. Without in any way limiting the generality of <U>Section&nbsp;14.9</U>, the
holders of Senior Debt may, at any time and from time to time, without the consent of or notice to the Trustee or the Holders,
without incurring responsibility to the Holders and without impairing or releasing the subordination provided in this Article Fourteen
or the obligations hereunder of the Holders to the holders of Senior Debt, do any one or more of the following: (a) change the
manner, place or terms of payment or extend the time of payment of, or renew or alter, Senior Debt or any instrument evidencing
the same or any agreement under which Senior Debt is outstanding or secured; (b) sell, exchange, release or otherwise deal with
any property pledged, mortgaged or otherwise securing Senior Debt; (c) release any Person liable in any manner for the collection
of Senior Debt; and (d) exercise or refrain from exercising any rights against the Company and any other Person.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.14<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Payments May Be Paid Prior to Dissolution</U>. Nothing contained in this Article Fourteen or elsewhere in this Indenture
shall prevent (i) the Company, except under the conditions described in <U>Section&nbsp;14.2</U> or <U>Section&nbsp;14.3</U>, from
making payments of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities, or from depositing with the Trustee any money
for such payments, or (ii) the application by the Trustee of any money deposited with it for the purpose of making such payments
of principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the Securities to the holders entitled thereto unless, at least two Business
Days prior to the date upon which such payment becomes due and payable, the Trustee shall have received the written notice provided
for in <U>Section&nbsp;14.2(b)</U> of this Indenture (or there shall have been an acceleration of the Securities prior to such
application) or in <U>Section&nbsp;14.15</U> of this Indenture. The Company shall give prompt written notice to the Trustee of
any dissolution, winding up, liquidation or reorganization of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">14.15<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Trust Moneys Not Subordinated</U>. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, payments from money or
the proceeds of U.S. Government Obligations held in trust under Article Four by the Trustee for the payment of principal of, premium,
if any, and interest on the Securities shall not be subordinated to the prior payment of any Senior Debt (provided that, at the
time deposited, such deposit did not violate any then outstanding Senior Debt), and none of the Holders shall be obligated to pay
over any such amount to any holder of Senior Debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This instrument
may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original, but all such counterparts
shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">IN WITNESS WHEREOF,
the parties hereto have caused this Indenture to be duly executed, and their respective corporate seals to be hereunto affixed
and attested, all as of the day and year first above written.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 12pt 0 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 53%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 9%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Byron T. McGregor</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Chief Financial Officer</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Name:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">Title:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>APPENDIX E</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><BR>
TO</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, as Trustee</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[FIRST][SECOND] SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE TO<BR>
INDENTURE DATED [&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;], 2013<BR>
(SUBORDINATED DEBT SECURITIES)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Dated as of [&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;], 2013</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Series [A][B] Subordinated Convertible Notes</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>[FIRST][SECOND] SUPPLEMENTAL
INDENTURE TO</B><BR>
<B>INDENTURE DATED [&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;], 2013</B><BR>
<B>(SUBORDINATED DEBT SECURITIES)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SERIES [A][B] SUBORDINATED
CONVERTIBLE NOTES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">[FIRST][SECOND] SUPPLEMENTAL
INDENTURE, dated as of [________], 2013 (this &ldquo;<B>[First][Second] Supplemental Indenture</B>&rdquo;), between PACIFIC ETHANOL,
INC., a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;), and U.S. BANK NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, a national banking association
organized under the laws of the United States, as Trustee (the &ldquo;<B>Trustee</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">RECITALS</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
The Company has
heretofore executed and delivered to the Trustee an Indenture, dated as of March __, 2013, (the &ldquo;<B>Indenture</B>&rdquo;),
providing for the issuance from time to time of Securities (as defined in the Indenture) by the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Section 3.1 of
the Indenture provides for various matters with respect to any series of Securities issued under the Indenture to be established
in an indenture supplemental to the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">C.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Section 9.1(k)
of the Indenture provides for the Company and the Trustee to enter into an indenture supplemental to the Indenture to establish
the form or terms of Securities of any series as provided by Sections 2.1 and 3.1 of the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">D.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
In accordance with
that certain Securities Purchase Agreement, dated [&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2013] (the &ldquo;<B>Securities Purchase Agreement</B>&rdquo;), by and
among the Company and the investors party thereto (the &ldquo;<B>Investors</B>&rdquo;), the Company has agreed to sell to the Investors,
and the Investors have agreed to purchase, subject to the satisfaction of certain terms and conditions set forth therein), pursuant
to (i) the Indenture, (ii) this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture or the [Second][First] Supplemental Indenture, as applicable,
(iii) the Securities Purchase Agreement and (iv) <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the Company&rsquo;s Registration
Statement on Form S-3 (File number 333-180731) (the &ldquo;</FONT><B>Registration Statement</B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&rdquo;),
(x) at the Series A Closing (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement), $6 million in aggregate principal amount of Series
A Notes (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) together with related Series A Warrants (as defined in the Securities
Purchase Agreement) and Series B Warrants (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) and (y) at the Series B Closing (as
defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement), $8 million in aggregate principal amount of Series B Notes (as defined in the Securities
Purchase Agreement). [INSERT IN SECOND SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE ONLY: On [ &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2013], the Company issued $6 million in aggregate principal
amount of the Series A Notes to the Investors in accordance therewith.]</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">E.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
The Company hereby
desires to supplement the Indenture pursuant to this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture to set forth the terms and conditions
of the Series [A][B] to be issued in accordance herewith.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">NOW, THEREFORE, THIS
[FIRST][SECOND] SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE WITNESSETH, for and in consideration of the premises and the issuance of the series of Securities
provided for herein, it is mutually agreed, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of the Securities of such series,
as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none">ARTICLE
I</FONT><BR>
<BR>
Relation to Indenture; Definitions</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 1.1.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>RELATION TO INDENTURE. This [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture constitutes an integral part of the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 1.2.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>DEFINITIONS. For all purposes of this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Capitalized terms used herein without definition shall have the meanings specified in the Indenture or in the Securities,
as applicable;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>All references herein to Articles and Sections, unless otherwise specified, refer to the corresponding Articles and Sections
of this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The terms &ldquo;herein,&rdquo; &ldquo;hereof,&rdquo; &ldquo;hereunder&rdquo; and other words of similar import refer to
this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none">ARTICLE
II</FONT><BR>
<BR>
The Series of Securities</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.1.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>TITLE. There shall be a series of Securities designated the &ldquo;Series [A][B] Subordinated Convertible Notes&rdquo; (the
&ldquo;<B>Series [A][B] Notes</B>&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.2.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>LIMITATION ON AGGREGATE PRINCIPAL AMOUNT. The aggregate principal amount of the Securities shall initially be limited to
[INSERT IN SEREIS A SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE ONLY: $6 million. The Company may, without the consent of the holders of the Series
[A][B] Notes, in accordance with the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement and the related Indenture supplement, issue up
to $8 million in aggregate principal amount of additional Securities designated as &ldquo;Series B Subordinated Convertible Notes&rdquo;
(the &ldquo;<B>Series [B][A] Notes</B>&rdquo;) in the form attached as <B><U>Exhibit A-3</U></B> to the Securities Purchase Agreement
and the related indenture supplement.][INSERT IN SERIES B SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE ONLY: $8 million. Prior to the date hereof, the
Company has issued, in accordance with the terms of the Securities Purchase Agreement and the related Indenture supplement, $6
million in aggregate principal amount of additional Securities designated as &ldquo;Series A Subordinated Convertible Notes&rdquo;
(the &ldquo;<B>Series [B][A] Notes</B>&rdquo;) in the form attached as <B><U>Exhibit A-2</U></B> to the Securities Purchase Agreement
and the related indenture supplement.] The Series [A][B] Notes, together with the Series [B][A] Notes offered by the related indenture
supplement, will constitute two separate series of Securities under the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.3.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>RANK. The Series [A][B] Notes and the Series [B][A] Notes shall rank <I>pari passu </I>in right of payment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.4.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>PRINCIPAL PAYMENT DATE. The principal amount of the Series [A][B] Notes outstanding (together with any accrued and unpaid
interest and other amounts) shall be payable in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in the Series [A][B] Notes on
each Installment Date, Conversion Date, Redemption Date and on the Maturity Date, in each case as defined in the Series [A][B]
Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.5.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>INTEREST AND INTEREST RATES. The rate of interest on each Security shall be 5% per annum, subject to adjustment as provided
in the Series [A][B] Notes, accruing from [ ,] 2013, and shall be payable at such times and in the manner set forth in the Series
[A][B] Notes. Any interest to be paid with respect to any Series [A][B] Note will, as provided in the Indenture and the Series
[A][B] Notes, be paid to the person in whose name such Security (or one or more Predecessor Securities) is registered at the close
of business on the Installment Notice Date unless otherwise specified in a writing by the holder of such Series [A][B] Note to
the Trustee and the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.6.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>PLACE OF PAYMENT. Except as otherwise provided by the Series [A][B] Notes, the Place of Payment where the Series [A][B]
Notes may be presented or surrendered for payment, where the Series [A][B] Notes may be surrendered for registration of transfer
or exchange (to the extent required or permitted, as applicable, by the terms of the Series [A][B] Notes) and where notices and
demand to or upon the Trustee in respect of the Series [A][B] Notes and the Indenture may be served shall be the [Insert Corporate
Trust Office of the Trustee].</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.7.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>REDEMPTION. The Company may redeem the Series [A][B] Notes, in whole or in part, at such times and in the manner set forth
in the Series [A][B] Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.8.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>DENOMINATION. The Securities of this series shall be issuable only in registered form without coupons and in denominations
of $1,000 and integral multiples thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.9.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>CURRENCY. Principal and interest and any other amounts payable, from time to time, on the Series [A][B] Notes shall be payable
in such coin or currency of the United States of America that at the time of payment is legal tender for payment of public and
private debts in accordance with Section [24] of the Series [A][B] Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.10.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>FORM OF SECURITIES. In lieu of the Form of Security provided in Article II of the Indenture, the Series [A][B] Notes shall
be issued in the form attached hereto as <B><U>Exhibit A</U></B>. The Company has elected to issue only Definitive Securities and
shall not issue any Global Securities hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.11.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES. The Series [A][B] Notes are convertible into the Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, of the
Company upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Series [A][B] Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.12.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>SECURITIES REGISTRAR. The Trustee shall serve initially as Securities Registrar.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.13.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>SINKING FUND OBLIGATIONS. The Company has no obligation to redeem or purchase any Series [A][B] Notes pursuant to any sinking
fund or analogous requirement or upon the happening of a specified event or at the option of a Holder thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.14.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>EXCLUDED PROVISIONS. The Company has elected that none of the following provisions of the Indenture shall be applicable
to the Series [A][B] Notes and any analogous provisions (including definitions related thereto) of this [First][Second] Supplemental
Indenture and/or the Series [A][B] Notes shall govern in lieu thereof:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Definition of &ldquo;Senior Debt&rdquo; in Section 1.1;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Section 1.14 (Legal Holidays);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Section 3.7 (Payment of Interest; Interest Rights Preserved);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Section 4.1 (Satisfaction and Discharge of Indenture);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Section 4.2 (Application of Trust Money);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Section 5.2 (Acceleration of Maturity; Rescission and Annulment);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Section 5.7 (Limitation on Suits);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Section 5.12 (Control by Holders);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Section 5.13 (Waiver of Past Defaults);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Section 6.2 (Notice of Defaults);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Section 9.1 (Without Consent of Holders);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Article VIII (Consolidation, Amalgamation, Merger and Sale);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Article XI (Redemption of Securities); and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>Article XIII (Defeasance).</TD></TR></TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.15&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;EVENTS OF
DEFAULT. In accordance with Section 3.1(n) of the Indenture, only the Events of Default set forth in Section 4.1 of the
Series [A][B] Notes shall be applicable to the Series [A][B] Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.16.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>COVENANTS. In addition to the covenants set forth in Article Ten of the Indenture, the Company shall comply with the additional
covenants set forth in Section 13 of the Series [A][B] Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.17.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>IMMEDIATELY AVAILABLE FUNDS. All cash payments of principal and interest shall be made in U.S. dollars and immediately available
funds.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.18.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>SUBORDINATION. The Company and the holders of Senior Debt as of the date hereof have agreed that the subordination provisions
of the Indenture with respect to the Series [A][B] Notes shall be qualified in their entirety by this Section 2.18 (and, to the
extent necessary, any provision of the Indenture contrary to this Section 2.18, and for the benefit of such holders of Senior Debt,
shall be deemed waived by such holders of Senior Debt solely to the limited extent of the terms and conditions of this Section
2.18 and solely with respect to the Series [A][B] Notes issued hereunder).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Senior Debt</U>. In lieu of the definition of &ldquo;Senior Debt&rdquo; in Section 1.1 of the Indenture, the Company
and the holders of Senior Debt as of the date hereof have elected to have the following definition apply throughout both the Indenture
and this [First][Second Supplemental Indenture, in each case, solely with respect to the Series [A][B] Notes:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&ldquo;<U>Senior Debt</U>&rdquo; means
the Senior Unsecured Notes (as defined in the Series [A][B] Notes) and any other (a) Debt of the Company issued to any affiliate
of any holder of Senior Unsecured Notes, whether currently outstanding or hereafter issued, unless, by the terms of the instrument
creating or evidencing such Debt, it is provided that such Debt is not superior in right of payment to the Securities, and (b)
any modifications, refunding, deferrals, renewals or extensions of any such Debt or securities, notes or other evidence of Debt
issued in exchange for such Debt; provided, that the aggregate principal amount of such Senior Debt outstanding shall not exceed
$22.2 million without the prior written consent of the Required Holders (as defined in the Notes), not to be unreasonably withheld.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Designated Senior Debt</U>. For the avoidance of doubt, &ldquo;Designated Senior Debt&rdquo; in Section 1.1 of the Indenture
shall always include the Senior Debt to the extent a default or event of default has occurred with respect thereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Permitted Cash Payments</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Restrictions
on Cash Redemptions</U>. Notwithstanding anything in the Indenture to the contrary, including, without limitation Article Fourteen
thereof, while the Senior Debt remains outstanding (x) there shall be no restrictions on the right of a holder of Series [A][B]
Notes to deliver any Redemption Notice (as defined in the Series [A][B] Notes) to the Company and (y) the Company shall be prohibited
from paying any holder of Series [A][B] Notes in cash, and each holder of Series [A][B] Notes shall be prohibited from accepting
any cash amount from the Company, in satisfaction of any Redemption Price (as defined in the Series [A][B] Notes) with respect
thereto.&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 0 1in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<U>Payments
of Interest and Other Amounts</U>. Notwithstanding anything in the Indenture to the contrary, including, without limitation Article
Fourteen thereof, the Company shall be permitted to pay, and each holder of Series [A][B] Notes shall be permitted to receive,
with respect to any Series [A][B] Notes of such holder, any (i) Interest (as defined in the Series [A][B] Notes), (ii) Late Charges
(as defined in the Series [A][B] Notes, (iii) Buy-In Price (as defined in each of the Securities Purchase Agreement and the Notes,
(iv) Allocation Share Cancellation Amount (as defined in each of the Series [A][B] Notes), or (v) Exchange Cap Share Cancellation
Amount (as defined in each of the Series [A][B] Notes), in each case, due and payable from time to time, in accordance therewith;
provided, however, that, while the Senior Debt remains outstanding, the Company shall only be permitted to pay the amounts
set forth in (i) through (v) above in shares of Common Stock (as defined in the Series [A][B] Notes) and/or any other securities
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or any successor entities) that are not senior in rank or payment to the Senior Debt.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(d)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<U>No Limitation on Payment in Securities. </U>Notwithstanding anything in the Indenture to the contrary, including, without limitation
Article Fourteen thereof, there shall be no restrictions on the Company&rsquo;s right, at any time, to deliver, and the right
of a holder of Series [A][B] Notes, at any time, to receive, shares of Common Stock and/or any other securities of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries (or any successor entities), as applicable, in satisfaction of all, or any part, of any amounts outstanding
or other obligations under such Series [A][B] Notes or any other Transaction Document (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement),
whether upon conversion of any Notes (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement), exercise of any Warrants ( as defined
in the Securities Purchase Agreement) or otherwise, <U>provided that</U>, so long as any Senior Debt is outstanding, any such
securities delivered to the holders of Series [A][B] Notes may not be senior in rank or payment to the Senior Debt.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>No Limitation on Actions to Enforce Payment in Securities</U>. Notwithstanding anything in the Indenture to the contrary,
including, without limitation Article Fourteen thereof, there shall be no restrictions on the rights of a holder of Series [A][B]
Notes to, at any time, take any actions, in law or equity, in any court or other Governmental Entity (as defined in the Securities
Purchase Agreement) to enforce such holder&rsquo;s right to receive payment in shares of Common Stock or and/or any other securities
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, as applicable, in satisfaction of all, or any part, of any amounts outstanding or other
obligations under such Series [A][B] Notes or any other Transaction Document, whether in connection with a proposed conversion
of any Notes, exercise of any Warrants or otherwise;<U> provided that</U>, so long as any Senior Debt is outstanding, (x) any
such securities delivered to the holders of Series [A][B] Notes may not be senior in rank or payment to the Senior Debt and (y)
no holder of Series [A][B] Notes shall institute any action, in law or equity, to commence bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization
or liquidation proceedings or other proceedings for the relief of debtors against the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or consent
to the filing of such petition or to the appointment of a custodian, receiver, liquidator, assignee, trustee, sequestrator or
other similar official with respect to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries without the prior written consent of the holders
of at least 80% of the aggregate principal amount of Senior Debt then outstanding (the &ldquo;<B>Required Senior Debt Holders</B>&rdquo;).&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>No Rights to Proceeds from Sale of Securities</U>. Notwithstanding anything in the Indenture to the contrary, including,
without limitation Article Fourteen thereof, no holder of Senior Debt shall have any rights pursuant to the Indenture or this [First][Second]
Supplemental Indenture to any proceeds received by any holder of Series [A][B] Notes from any sale of Series [A][B] Notes or Common
Stock or any other securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, as applicable, delivered to any holder of Series [A][B]
Notes in satisfaction of all, or any part, of any amounts outstanding or other obligations under such Series [A][B] Notes or any
other Transaction Document, whether in connection with a proposed conversion of any Notes, exercise of any Warrants or otherwise,
<U>provided that</U>, so long as any Senior Debt is outstanding, any such securities delivered to the holders of Series [A][B]
Notes may not be senior in rank or payment to the Senior Debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>No Subordination Rights with Respect to Other Securities or Agreements</U>. Notwithstanding anything in the Indenture
to the contrary, including, without limitation Article Fourteen thereof, nothing in the Indenture or this [First][Second] Supplemental
Indenture shall be deemed to subordinate any amounts or other obligations due and payable, from time to time, under the Warrants
or any other Transaction Document (other than the Notes).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT><U>Amendments
Related to Equity</U>. Notwithstanding anything in the Indenture to the contrary, including, without limitation Article
Fourteen thereof, there shall be no restrictions on the rights of a holder of Series [A][B] Notes, at any time, to amend,
waive, reset or otherwise adjust (whether pursuant to the terms thereof or otherwise) any provision of this [First][Second]
Supplemental Indenture or the Series [A][B] Notes or any other Transaction Document; provided, that nothing in any such
amendments, waivers, resets or other adjustments may amend or waive any provision of this Indenture or of the [First][Second]
Supplemental Indenture, including without limitation, Article Fourteen of the Indenture or this Section 2.18 or Section 2.20
in any manner materially adverse to the holders of Senior Debt then outstanding (solely in their capacity as holders of
outstanding indebtedness of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries and not in their capacity as a holder of Common Stock,
Convertible Securities (as defined in the Series [A][B] Notes) and/or Options (as defined in the Series [A][B] Notes) and/or
other equity securities of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries), without the written consent of the Required Senior Debt
Holders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>No Paying Agent</U>. The Company has elected not to have the Trustee act as Paying Agent (as defined in the Indenture)
in connection with any payments in accordance with Article Fourteen of the Indenture.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.19.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>TRUSTEE MATTERS.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Duties of Trustee</U>. Notwithstanding anything in the Indenture to the contrary:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT> the sole duty of the Trustee is to act as the Security Registrar unless otherwise agreed to by the Required Holders, the
Trustee and the Company in an additional supplemental Indenture (other than the First Supplemental Indenture or the Second Supplemental
Indenture) or as separately agreed to in a writing by the Trustee and the Required Holders;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be fully protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution,
certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence
of indebtedness or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party
or parties, and the Trustee need not investigate any fact or matter contained therein;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee shall not be liable for any action it takes or omits to take in good faith without negligence or willful misconduct
which it believes to be authorized or within its discretion, rights or powers;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(iv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate,
statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, bond, debenture, note, other evidence of indebtedness
or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts
or matters as it may see fit, and, if the Trustee shall determine to make such further inquiry or investigation, it shall be entitled
to examine the books, records and premises of the Company, personally or by agent or attorney and the reasonable expenses of every
such examination shall be paid by the Company or, if paid by the Trustee or any predecessor Trustee, shall be reimbursed by the
Company upon demand;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(v)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the permissive rights of the Trustee to do things enumerated in the Indenture shall not be construed as a duty and the Trustee
shall not be answerable for other than its negligence or willful misconduct;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(vi)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right
to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder (including as
Security Registrar or, if applicable, Paying Agent), and to each agent, custodian, and any other such Persons employed to act
hereunder;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(vii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>in no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations hereunder
arising out of or caused by, directly or indirectly, forces beyond its control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages,
accidents, acts or war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions,
loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services (it being understood that the Trustee
shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to avoid and mitigate the effects
of such occurrences and to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances);</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(viii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>in no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect, or consequential loss or damage of any kind
whatsoever (including, but not limited to, loss of profit) irrespective of whether the Trustee has been advised of the likelihood
of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action; and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(ix)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>except during the continuance of an Event of Default, in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively
rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished
to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of the Indenture; but in the case of any such certificates or opinions which
by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine
the same to determine whether they conform to the requirements of the Indenture but shall have no obligation or liability for confirming
or investigating the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts purported to be stated therein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Additional Indemnification</U>. In addition to any indemnification rights set forth in the Indenture, the Company agrees
to indemnify each of the Trustee, or any successor Trustee, and its officers, directors, agents and employees, for, and to hold
it harmless against, any and all loss, liability, damage, claim or expense, including taxes (other than taxes based upon, measured
by or determined by the income of the Trustee), incurred without negligence or willful misconduct on its part, as determined by
a final order of a court or competent jurisdiction, arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the
trust or trusts hereunder, including the reasonable costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim (whether asserted
by the Company, or any Holder or any other person) or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers
or duties hereunder or in connection with enforcing the provisions of this Section. The Trustee shall notify the Company promptly
of any claim for which it may seek indemnity. Failure by the Trustee to so notify the Company shall not relieve the Company of
its obligations hereunder. The Company shall defend the claim with counsel who shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee,
and the Trustee shall cooperate in the defense. In addition, the Trustee may retain one separate counsel on behalf of itself and
the Holders (and in the case of an actual or perceived conflict of interest, one additional separate counsel on behalf of the Holders)
and, if deemed advisable by such counsel, local counsel, and the Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of such separate
counsel and local counsel. The indemnification herein also extends to a settlement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Successor Trustee Petition Right</U>. If an instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by Section 6.11
of the Indenture has not been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of a notice of removal, the Trustee being
removed, at the expense of the Company, may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee
with respect to the Securities of such series.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in; text-align: justify">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Trustee as Creditor</U>. If and when the Trustee shall be or become a creditor of the Company (or any other obligor upon
the Securities), the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act regarding the collection of claims against
the Company (or any such other obligor).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Reports by the Company</U>. In addition to the Company&rsquo;s obligations pursuant to Section 7.4 of the Indenture,
the Company shall:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>file with the Trustee (unless filed with the SEC through the EDGAR system or any successor system), within 15 days after
the Company files the same with the SEC, copies of the annual and quarterly reports and of the information, documents and other
reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the SEC may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe)
which the Company may be required to file with the SEC pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act; or, if the
Company is not required to file information, documents or reports pursuant to either of said Sections, then it shall file with
the Trustee and the SEC, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the SEC, such of the supplementary
and periodic information, documents and reports which may be required pursuant to Section 13 of the Exchange Act in respect of
a security listed and registered on a national securities exchange as may be prescribed from time to time in such rules and regulations;
and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>whether or not required under the Exchange Act, so long as any Securities are Outstanding, the Company shall file a copy
of all of the information and reports referred to in clauses (i) above with the SEC for public availability within the time periods
specified in the SEC rules and regulations (unless the SEC will not accept such a filing) and make such information available to
Holders, securities analysts and prospective investors upon request.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The parties hereto acknowledge and agree
that delivery of such reports, information, and documents to the Trustee pursuant to the provisions of Section 7.04 of the Indenture
and this Section 2.19(e) is for informational purposes only and the Trustee&rsquo;s receipt of such shall not constitute constructive
notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company&rsquo;s compliance
with any of its covenants hereunder (as to which the Trustee is entitled to rely exclusively on Officers&rsquo; Certificates).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Execution of Supplemental Indentures</U>. Notwithstanding anything in the Indenture to the contrary, the Trustee may,
but shall not be obligated to, enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee&rsquo;s own rights, duties,
liabilities or immunities under the Indenture or otherwise.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Statements by Officers as to Default</U>. In addition to the Company&rsquo;s obligations pursuant to Section 10.5 of
the Indenture, the Company agrees as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Annually, within 90 days after the close of each fiscal year beginning with the first fiscal year during which one or more
series of Securities are Outstanding, the Company will deliver to the Trustee an Officer's Certificate (which need not include
the statements set forth in Section 1.3 of the Indenture) from the principal executive officer, principal financial officer or
principal accounting officer of the Company as to his or her knowledge of the Company&rsquo;s compliance (without regard to any
period of grace or requirement of notice provided herein) with all conditions and covenants under the Indenture and, if the Company
shall be in Default, specifying all such Defaults and the nature and status thereof of which such officer has knowledge.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Company shall, so long as any of the Securities are Outstanding, deliver to the Trustee, as soon as practicable and
in any event within 30 days after the Company becomes aware of any Default, an Officers&rsquo; Certificate specifying such Default,
its status and the actions that the Company is taking or proposes to take in respect thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The Company shall deliver to the Trustee within 90 days after the end of each fiscal year of the Company, an Opinion of
Counsel to the extent required under the Trust Indenture Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>No Global Security</U>. Notwithstanding anything in the Indenture to the contrary, none of the Securities shall be represented
by a Global Security.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Payment of Taxes and Other Claims</U>. The Company shall pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged, before the
same shall become delinquent, (1) all taxes, assessments and governmental charges (including withholding taxes and any penalties,
interest and additions to taxes) levied or imposed upon the Company or any Subsidiary or upon the income, profits or property of
the Company or any Subsidiary, and (2) all material lawful claims for labor, materials and supplies which, if unpaid, might by
law become a lien upon the property of the Company or any Subsidiary; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required
to pay or discharge or cause to be paid or discharged any such tax, assessment, charge or claim whose amount, applicability or
validity is being contested in good faith by appropriate proceedings and for which disputed amounts adequate reserves have been
made.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(j)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Further Instruments and Acts</U>. Upon request of the Trustee, the Company will execute and deliver such further instruments
and perform such further acts as may be reasonably necessary or proper to carry out more effectively the purposes of the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(k)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Expense</U>. Notwithstanding anything in the Indenture to the contrary, any actions taken by the Trustee in its capacity
as the Security Registrar shall be at the Company&rsquo;s reasonable expense.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(l)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Authenticating Agent</U>. The Trustee may appoint an Authenticating Agent acceptable authenticate Securities in accordance
with Section 6.14 of the Indenture. Each reference in the Indenture to authentication by the Trustee includes authentication by
such agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(m)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Officer&rsquo;s Certificate</U>. In lieu of the definition of &ldquo;Officer&rsquo;s Certificate&rdquo; in Section 1.1
of the Indenture, the Company and the holders of Senior Debt as of the date hereof have elected to have the following definition
apply throughout both the Indenture and this [First][Second Supplemental Indenture, in each case, solely with respect to the Series
[A][B] Notes:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&ldquo;<U>Officer&rsquo;s Certificate</U>&rdquo;
means, in the case of the Company, a certificate signed by two officers, such as the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive
Officer, the Chief Financial Officer, the Chief Operating Officer, the President, any Vice President or any other duly authorized
officer of the Company, or a person duly authorized by any of them, and delivered to the Trustee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(n)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Responsible Officer</U>. In lieu of the definition of &ldquo;Responsible Officer&rdquo; in Section 1.1 of the Indenture,
the Company and the holders of Senior Debt as of the date hereof have elected to have the following definition apply throughout
both the Indenture and this [First][Second Supplemental Indenture, in each case, solely with respect to the Series [A][B] Notes:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&ldquo;<U>Responsible
Officer</U>&rdquo; when used with respect to the Trustee, means any officer within the Global Corporate Trust Services division
of the Trustee (or any successor group of the Trustee) or any other officer of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar
to those performed by any of the above designated officers and also means, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter,
any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">(o)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Subsidiary</U>. In lieu of the definition of &ldquo;Subsidiary&rdquo; in Section 1.1 of the Indenture, the Company and
the holders of Senior Debt as of the date hereof have elected to have the following definition apply throughout both the Indenture
and this [First][Second Supplemental Indenture, in each case, solely with respect to the Series [A][B] Notes:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&ldquo;<U>Subsidiary</U>&rdquo;
means (a) a corporation of which more than 50% of the outstanding voting stock of which is owned, directly or indirectly, by the
Company or by one or more other Subsidiaries, or by the Company and one or more other Subsidiaries or (b) any partnership or similar
business organization of which more than 50% of the ownership interests having ordinary voting power shall at the time be so owned.
For the purposes of this definition, &ldquo;voting stock&rdquo; means capital stock or equity interests which ordinarily have
voting power for the election of directors, whether at all times or only so long as no senior class of stock has such voting power
by reason of any contingency.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 2.20.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;AMENDMENTS
AND WAIVERS. In lieu of Section 9.2 of the Indenture, the Company and the holders of Senior Debt as of the date hereof have elected
to have this Section 2.20 apply throughout both the Indenture and this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture, in each case, solely
with respect to the Series [A][B] Notes Section 9.2 of the Indenture:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 60pt; text-align: justify">The Company and the Trustee may amend, waive or supplement this
Indenture with the consent of each Holder of the Series [A][B] Notes then outstanding (excluding any the Series [A][B] Notes held
by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries); provided, that nothing in any such amendments, waivers or supplements may amend or
waive any provision of this Indenture or of the [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture, including without limitation, Article Fourteen
of this Indenture or Section 2.18 or Section 2.20 of the [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture in any manner materially adverse
to the holders of Senior Debt then outstanding (solely in their capacity as holders of outstanding indebtedness of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries and not in their capacity as a holder of Common Stock, Convertible Securities (as defined in the Series
[A][B] Notes) and/or Options (as defined in the Series [A][B] Notes) and/or other equity securities of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries), without the written consent of the Required Senior Debt Holders (as defined in the [First][Second] Supplemental
Indenture).</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none">ARTICLE
III</FONT><BR>
<BR>
Expenses</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 3.1.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>PAYMENT OF EXPENSES. In connection with the offering, sale and issuance of the Series [A][B] Notes, the Company, in its
capacity as borrower with respect to the Series [A][B] Notes, shall pay all costs and expenses relating to the offering, sale and
issuance of the Series [A][B] Notes and compensation and expenses of the Trustee under the Indenture in accordance with the provisions
of Section 6.7 of the Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 3.2.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>PAYMENT UPON RESIGNATION OR REMOVAL. Upon termination of this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture or the Indenture or
the removal or resignation of the Trustee, unless otherwise stated, the Company shall pay to the Trustee all amounts accrued to
the date of such termination, removal or resignation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none">ARTICLE
IV</FONT><BR>
<BR>
Miscellaneous Provisions</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 4.1.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>TRUSTEE NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR RECITALS. The recitals herein contained are made by the Company and not by the Trustee, and
the Trustee assumes no responsibility for the correctness thereof. The Trustee makes no representation as to the validity or sufficiency
of this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 4.2.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>ADOPTION, RATIFICATION AND CONFIRMATION. The Indenture, as supplemented and amended by this [First][Second] Supplemental
Indenture, is in all respects hereby adopted, ratified and confirmed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 4.3.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>CONFLICT WITH INDENTURE; TRUST INDENTURE ACT. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Indenture, if any conflict
arises between the terms and conditions of this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture (including, without limitation, the terms
and conditions of the Series [A][B] Notes attached hereto as <B><U>Exhibit A</U></B>) and the Indenture, the terms and conditions
of this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture (including the Series [A][B] Notes) shall control; provided, however, that if any
provision of this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture or the Series [A][B] Notes limits, qualifies or conflicts with a provision
of the Trust Indenture Act that is required under such Act to be a part of and govern this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture,
the latter provisions shall control. If any provision of this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture modifies or excludes any provision
of the Trust Indenture Act that may be so modified or excluded, the latter provisions shall be deemed to apply to the Indenture
as so modified or excluded, as the case may be.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 4.4.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>AMENDMENTS; WAIVER. Subject to Section 2.18(h) and the rights of the holders of the Senior Debt, this [First][Second] Supplemental
Indenture may be amended by the written consent of the Company and the Required Holders (as defined in the Series [A][B] Notes).
Subject to Section 2.18(h) and the rights of the holders of the Senior Debt, no provision hereof may be waived other than by an
instrument in writing signed by the party against whom enforcement is sought.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 4.5.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>SUCCESSORS. This [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and
their respective successors and assigns, including any purchasers of the Series [A][B] Notes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 4.6.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>SEVERABILITY. If any provision of this First][Second] Supplemental Indenture shall be invalid or unenforceable in any jurisdiction,
such invalidity or unenforceability shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remainder of this First][Second] Supplemental
Indenture in that jurisdiction or the validity or enforceability of any provision of this First][Second] Supplemental Indenture
in any other jurisdiction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 4.7.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>COUNTERPARTS. This [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall
be an original, but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">Section 4.8.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>GOVERNING LAW. THIS FIRST SUPPLEMENTAL INDENTURE AND EACH SECURITY SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE A CONTRACT MADE UNDER THE LAWS
OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK AND SHALL BE GOVERNED BY AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK WITHOUT REGARD
TO CONFLICTS OF LAWS PRINCIPLES THEREOF.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>

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left blank]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the
parties hereto have caused this [First][Second] Supplemental Indenture to be duly executed, and their respective corporate seals
to be hereunto affixed and attested, on the date or dates indicated in the acknowledgments and as of the day and year first above
written.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 1in">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 39%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 18%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 43%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: left">PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: left">By:___________________________<BR>
        &#9;Name:<BR>
        &#9;Title:</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: left">ATTEST:</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0 0 12pt; text-align: left">By:___________________________<BR>
        &#9;Name:<BR>
        &#9;Title:</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 39%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">Acknowledged and Agreed, as of this _____ of _____ by:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 18%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 43%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">[SENIOR NOTEHOLDERS]</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">By:___________________________<BR>
        &#9;Name:<BR>
        &#9;Title:</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">[SENIOR NOTEHOLDERS]</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">By:___________________________<BR>
        &#9;Name:<BR>
        &#9;Title:</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">[SENIOR NOTEHOLDERS]</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">By:___________________________<BR>
        &#9;Name:<BR>
        &#9;Title:</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">[SENIOR NOTEHOLDERS]</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">By:___________________________<BR>
        &#9;Name:<BR>
        &#9;Title:</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">[SENIOR NOTEHOLDERS]</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">By:___________________________<BR>
        &#9;Name:<BR>
        &#9;Title:</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">[SENIOR NOTEHOLDERS]</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">By:___________________________<BR>
        &#9;Name:<BR>
        &#9;Title:</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 19.2pt; text-indent: -19.2pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: left; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">By:___________________________<BR>
        Name:<BR>
        Title:</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">EXHIBIT A</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">(FORM OF SECURITY)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>APPENDIX F</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><B>[FORM OF SERIES [A][B]
WARRANT]</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-variant: small-caps"><B>Series
[A][B] Warrant To Purchase Common Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Series [A][B] Warrant No.: <U>[A][B]-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Date of Issuance: [&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ], 2013 (&ldquo;<B>Issuance
Date</B>&rdquo;)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">Pacific Ethanol, Inc.,
a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;), hereby certifies that, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt
and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, [<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase">CAPITAL VENTURES INTERNATIONAL]</FONT>[OTHER
BUYERS], the registered holder hereof or its permitted assigns (the &ldquo;<B>Holder</B>&rdquo;), is entitled, subject to the
terms set forth below, to purchase from the Company, at the Exercise Price (as defined below) then in effect, upon exercise of
this Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (including any Warrants to Purchase Common Stock issued in exchange, transfer or replacement
hereof, the &ldquo;<B>Warrant</B>&rdquo;), at any time or times on or after the first anniversary of the [INSERT IN SERIES A WARRANT:
Issuance Date][INSERT IN SERIES B WARRANT: Series B Closing Date (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement (as defined
below))] (the &ldquo;<B>Initial Exercisability Date</B>&rdquo;), but not after 11:59 p.m., New York time, on the Expiration Date
(as defined below), [______________]<SUP>1 </SUP>(subject to adjustment as provided herein) fully paid and nonassessable shares
of Common Stock (as defined below)<B> </B>(the &ldquo;<B>Warrant Shares</B>&rdquo;). Except as otherwise defined herein, capitalized
terms in this Warrant shall have the meanings set forth in Section 16. This Warrant is one of the Warrants to Purchase Common
Stock (the &ldquo;<B>SPA Warrants</B>&rdquo;) issued pursuant to (i) Section 1 of that certain Securities Purchase Agreement,
dated as of [ , 2013] (the &ldquo;<B>Subscription Date</B>&rdquo;), by and among the Company and the investors (the &ldquo;<B>Buyers</B>&rdquo;)
referred to therein, as amended from time to time (the &ldquo;<B>Securities Purchase Agreement</B>&rdquo;) and (ii) <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
Company&rsquo;s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File number 333-180731) (the &ldquo;</FONT><B>Registration Statement</B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&rdquo;)</FONT>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">1.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>EXERCISE OF WARRANT.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Mechanics of Exercise</U>. Subject to the terms and conditions hereof (including, without limitation, the limitations
set forth in Section&nbsp;1(f)), this Warrant may be exercised by the Holder on any day on or after the Initial Exercisability
Date, in whole or in part, by delivery (whether via facsimile or otherwise) of a written notice, in the form attached hereto as
<B><U>Exhibit A</U></B> (the &ldquo;<B>Exercise Notice</B>&rdquo;), of the Holder&rsquo;s election to exercise this Warrant. Within
one (1) Trading Day following an exercise of this Warrant as aforesaid, the Holder shall deliver payment to the Company of an amount
equal to the Exercise Price in effect on the date of such exercise multiplied by the number of Warrant Shares as to which this
Warrant was so exercised (the &ldquo;<B>Aggregate Exercise Price</B>&rdquo;) in cash or via wire transfer of immediately available
funds if the Holder did not notify the Company in such Exercise Notice that such exercise was made pursuant to a Cashless Exercise
(as defined in Section&nbsp;1(d)). The Holder shall not be required to deliver the original of this Warrant in order to effect
an exercise hereunder. Execution and delivery of an Exercise Notice with respect to less than all of the Warrant Shares shall have
the same effect as cancellation of the original of this Warrant and issuance of a new Warrant evidencing the right to purchase
the remaining number of Warrant Shares. Execution and delivery of an Exercise Notice for all of the then-remaining Warrant Shares
shall have the same effect as cancellation of the original of this Warrant after delivery of the Warrant Shares in accordance with
the terms hereof. On or before the first (1<SUP>st</SUP>) Trading Day following the date on which the Company has received an Exercise
Notice, the Company shall transmit by facsimile an acknowledgment of confirmation of receipt of such Exercise Notice, in the form
attached hereto as <B><U>Exhibit&nbsp;B</U></B>, to the Holder and the Company&rsquo;s transfer agent (the &ldquo;<B>Transfer Agent</B>&rdquo;).
On or before the third (3<SUP>rd</SUP>) Trading Day following the date on which the Company has received such Exercise Notice,
the Company shall (X) provided that the Transfer Agent is participating in The Depository Trust Company (&ldquo;<B>DTC</B>&rdquo;)
Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, upon the request of the Holder, credit such aggregate number of shares of Common Stock
to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the Holder&rsquo;s or its designee&rsquo;s balance account with DTC
through its Deposit/Withdrawal at Custodian system, or (Y) if the Transfer Agent is not participating in the DTC Fast Automated
Securities Transfer Program, issue and deliver to the Holder or, at the Holder&rsquo;s instruction pursuant to the Exercise Notice,
the Holder&rsquo;s agent or designee, in each case, sent by reputable overnight courier to the address as specified in the applicable
Exercise Notice, a certificate, registered in the Company&rsquo;s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee (as
indicated in the applicable Exercise Notice), for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled pursuant
to such exercise. Upon delivery of an Exercise Notice, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have become the
holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date such Warrant
Shares are credited to the Holder&rsquo;s DTC account or the date of delivery of the certificates evidencing such Warrant Shares
(as the case may be). If this Warrant is submitted in connection with any exercise pursuant to this Section&nbsp;1(a) and the number
of Warrant Shares represented by this Warrant submitted for exercise is greater than the number of Warrant Shares being acquired
upon an exercise, then, at the request of the Holder, the Company shall as soon as practicable and in no event later than three
(3) Business Days after any exercise and at its own expense, issue and deliver to the Holder (or its designee) a new Warrant (in
accordance with Section&nbsp;7(d)) representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares purchasable immediately prior
to such exercise under this Warrant, less the number of Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant is exercised. No fractional
shares of Common Stock are to be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant, but rather the number of shares of Common Stock to be
issued shall be rounded up to the nearest whole number. The Company shall pay any and all taxes and fees which may be payable with
respect to the issuance and delivery of Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, except in
the case where an exercise of this Warrant is validly made pursuant to a Cashless Exercise (as defined in Section&nbsp;1(d)), the
Company&rsquo;s failure to deliver Warrant Shares to the Holder on or prior to the second (2nd) Trading Day after the Company&rsquo;s
receipt of the Aggregate Exercise Price shall not be deemed to be a breach of this Warrant.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><SUP>1</SUP> Insert pro-rata share of
amount equal to 75% of the quotient of (x) $[INSERT IN SERIES A WARANTS: 6][INSERT IN SERIES B WARRANTS: 8] million,
divided by (y) 110% of the Closing Bid Price as of the close of business immediately prior to the time of
execution of the Securities Purchase Agreement (as adjusted for any stock splits, stock dividends, recapitalizations
and similar events)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Exercise Price</U>. For purposes of this Warrant, &ldquo;<B>Exercise Price</B>&rdquo; means $0.52, subject to adjustment
as provided herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Company&rsquo;s Failure to Timely Deliver Securities</U>. If the Company shall fail, for any reason or for no reason,
to issue to the Holder within the later of (i) three (3) Trading Days after receipt of the applicable Exercise Notice and (ii)
two (2) Trading Days after the Company&rsquo;s receipt of the Aggregate Exercise Price (or valid notice of a Cashless Exercise)
(such later date, the &ldquo;<B>Share Delivery Deadline</B>&rdquo;), a certificate for the number of shares of Common Stock to
which the Holder is entitled and register such shares of Common Stock on the Company&rsquo;s share register or to credit the Holder&rsquo;s
balance account with DTC for such number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder&rsquo;s exercise
of this Warrant (as the case may be) (a &ldquo;<B>Delivery Failure</B>&rdquo;), and if on or after such Share Delivery Deadline
the Holder purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by
the Holder of all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock, or a sale of a number of shares of Common Stock equal
to all or any portion of the number of shares of Common Stock, issuable upon such exercise that the Holder so anticipated receiving
from the Company, then, in addition to all other remedies available to the Holder, the Company shall, within three (3) Business
Days after the Holder&rsquo;s request and in the Holder&rsquo;s discretion, either (i) pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal
to the Holder&rsquo;s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any) for the shares
of Common Stock so purchased (including, without limitation, by any other Person in respect, or on behalf, of the Holder) (the
&ldquo;<B>Buy-In Price</B>&rdquo;), at which point the Company&rsquo;s obligation to so issue and deliver such certificate or credit
the Holder&rsquo;s balance account with DTC for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder&rsquo;s
exercise hereunder (as the case may be) (and to issue such shares of Common Stock) shall terminate, or (ii) promptly honor its
obligation to so issue and deliver to the Holder a certificate or certificates representing such shares of Common Stock or credit
the Holder&rsquo;s balance account with DTC for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder&rsquo;s
exercise hereunder (as the case may be) and pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Buy-In Price
over the product of (A) such number of shares of Common Stock multiplied by (B) the lowest Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock
on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date of the applicable Exercise Notice and ending on the date immediately
preceding the date of such issuance and payment under this clause (ii).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Cashless Exercise</U>. Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary (other than Section&nbsp;1(f) below),
if at the time of exercise hereof a registration statement is not effective (or the prospectus contained therein is not available
for use) for the issuance by the Company to the Holder of all of the Warrant Shares, then the Holder may, in its sole discretion,
exercise this Warrant in whole or in part and, in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to the Company
upon such exercise in payment of the Aggregate Exercise Price, elect instead to receive upon such exercise the &ldquo;Net Number&rdquo;
of shares of Common Stock determined according to the following formula (a &ldquo;<B>Cashless Exercise</B>&rdquo;):</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Net Number = <U>(A x B) - (A x C)</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 1.7in">D</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">For purposes of the foregoing formula:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; text-align: justify">A =</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 81%; text-align: justify">the total number of shares with respect to which this Warrant is then being exercised.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">B =</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the quotient of (x) the sum of the VWAP of the Common Stock of each of the ten (10) Trading Days ending at the close of business on the Principal Market immediately prior to the time of exercise as set forth in the applicable Exercise Notice, divided by (y) ten (10).</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">C =</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the Exercise Price then in effect for the applicable Warrant Shares at the time of such exercise.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">D =</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the VWAP of the Common Stock at the close of business on the Principal Market on the date of the delivery of the applicable Exercise Notice.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Disputes</U>. In the case of a dispute as to the determination of the Exercise Price or the arithmetic calculation of
the number of Warrant Shares to be issued pursuant to the terms hereof, the Company shall promptly issue to the Holder the number
of Warrant Shares that are not disputed and resolve such dispute in accordance with Section&nbsp;13.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Limitations on Exercises</U>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Beneficial Ownership</U>. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Warrant, this Warrant shall not
be exercisable by the Holder hereof to the extent (but only to the extent) that after giving effect to such exercise the Holder
(together with any of its affiliates) would beneficially own in excess of&nbsp; 9.99% (the &ldquo;<B>Maximum Percentage</B>&rdquo;)
of the Common&nbsp;Stock. To the extent the above limitation applies, the determination of whether this Warrant shall be exercisable
(vis-&agrave;-vis other convertible, exercisable or exchangeable securities owned by the Holder or any of its affiliates) and of
which such securities shall be convertible, exercisable or exchangeable (as the case may be, as among all such securities owned
by the Holder) shall, subject to such Maximum Percentage limitation, be determined on the basis of the first submission to the
Company for conversion, exercise or exchange (as the case may be). No prior inability to exercise this Warrant pursuant to this
paragraph shall have any effect on the applicability of the provisions of this paragraph&nbsp;with respect to any subsequent determination
of exercisability. For the purposes of this paragraph, beneficial ownership and all determinations and calculations (including,
without limitation, with respect to calculations of percentage ownership) shall be determined in accordance with Section&nbsp;13(d)
of the 1934 Act (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. The provisions
of this paragraph shall be implemented in a manner otherwise than in strict conformity with the terms of this paragraph to correct
this paragraph (or any portion hereof) which may be defective or inconsistent with the intended Maximum Percentage beneficial ownership
limitation herein contained or to make changes or supplements necessary or desirable to properly give effect to such Maximum Percentage
limitation. The limitations contained in this paragraph shall apply to a successor Holder of this Warrant. The holders of Common
Stock shall be third party beneficiaries of this paragraph and the Company may not waive this paragraph without the consent of
holders of a majority of its Common Stock. For any reason at any time, upon the written or oral request of the Holder, the Company
shall within one (1) Business Day confirm orally and in writing to the Holder the number of shares of Common Stock then outstanding,
including by virtue of any prior conversion or exercise of convertible or exercisable securities into Common Stock, including,
without limitation, pursuant to this Warrant or securities issued pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement. By written notice
to the Company, any Holder may increase or decrease the Maximum Percentage to any other percentage not in excess of 9.99% specified
in such notice; provided that (i) any such increase will not be effective until the 61st day after such notice is delivered to
the Company, and (ii) any such increase or decrease will apply only to the Holder sending such notice and not to any other holder
of SPA Warrants.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Principal Market Regulation</U>. The Company shall not issue any shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of this Warrant
if the issuance of such shares of Common Stock (taken together with the issuance of such shares upon the exercise of the SPA Warrants
and the conversion of the Notes or otherwise pursuant to the terms of the Notes) would exceed the aggregate number of shares of
Common Stock which the Company may issue upon exercise or conversion (as the case may be) of the Warrants and the Notes without
breaching the Company&rsquo;s obligations under the rules or regulations of the Principal Market (the number of shares which may
be issued without violating such rules and regulations, the &ldquo;<B>Exchange Cap</B>&rdquo;), except that such limitation shall
not apply in the event that the Company (A) obtains the approval of its stockholders as required by the applicable rules of the
Principal Market for issuances of shares of Common Stock in excess of such amount or (B) obtains a written opinion from outside
counsel to the Company that such approval is not required, which opinion shall be reasonably satisfactory to the Holder or (C)
obtain a waiver from the Principal Market of the applicable rules of such Principal Market for the issuance of shares of Common
Stock in excess of such amount. Until such approval or such written opinion is obtained, no Buyer shall be issued in the aggregate,
upon conversion or exercise (as the case may be) of any Notes or any of the Warrants, shares of Common Stock in an amount greater
than the product of (i) the Exchange Cap as of the Issuance Date multiplied by (ii) the quotient of (1) the original principal
amount of Notes issued to such Buyer pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement on the Series A Closing Date (as defined in
the Securities Purchase Agreement) divided by (2) the aggregate original principal amount of all Notes issued to the Buyers pursuant
to the Securities Purchase Agreement on the Series A Closing Date (with respect to each Buyer, the &ldquo;<B>Exchange Cap Allocation</B>&rdquo;).
In the event that any Buyer shall sell or otherwise transfer any of such Buyer&rsquo;s Warrants, the transferee shall be allocated
a pro rata portion of such Buyer&rsquo;s Exchange Cap Allocation with respect to such portion of such Warrants so transferred,
and the restrictions of the prior sentence shall apply to such transferee with respect to the portion of the Exchange Cap Allocation
so allocated to such transferee. Upon conversion and exercise in full of a holder&rsquo;s Notes and Warrants,&nbsp;the difference
(if any) between such holder&rsquo;s Exchange Cap Allocation and the number of shares of Common Stock actually issued to such holder
upon such holder's conversion in full of such Notes and such holder&rsquo;s exercise in full of such Warrants shall be allocated
to the respective Exchange Cap Allocations of the remaining holders of Notes and Warrants on a pro rata basis in proportion to
the shares of Common Stock underlying the Notes and Warrants then held by each such holder. In the event that the Company is prohibited
from issuing any shares of Common Stock pursuant to this Section 1(f)(ii) (the &ldquo;<B>Exchange Cap Shares</B>&rdquo;), in lieu
of issuing and delivering such Exchange Cap Shares to the Holder, the Company shall pay cash to the Holder in exchange for the
cancellation of such portion of this Warrant exercisable into such Exchange Cap Shares at a price equal to the sum of (x) the product
of (A) such number of Exchange Cap Shares and (B) the greatest Closing Sale Price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during
the period commencing on the date the Holder delivers the applicable Exercise Notice with respect to such Exchange Cap Shares to
the Company and ending on the date immediately preceding the date of such payment under this Section 1(f)(ii) and (y) to the extent
the Holder purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by
the Holder of Exchange Cap Shares, any brokerage commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any, of the Holder incurred in
connection therewith.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Insufficient Authorized Shares</U>. From and after the Initial Exercisability Date, the Company shall at all times keep
reserved for issuance under this Warrant a number of shares of Common Stock at least equal to the maximum number of shares of Common
Stock as shall be necessary to satisfy the Company&rsquo;s obligation to issue shares of Common Stock hereunder (without regard
to any limitation otherwise contained herein with respect to the number of shares of Common Stock that may be acquirable upon exercise
of this Warrant). From and after the Initial Exercisability Date, if, notwithstanding the foregoing, and not in limitation thereof,
at any time while any of the SPA Warrants remain outstanding the Company does not have a sufficient number of authorized and unreserved
shares of Common Stock to satisfy its obligation to reserve for issuance upon exercise of the SPA Warrants at least a number of
shares of Common Stock (the &ldquo;<B>Required Reserve Amount</B>&rdquo;) equal to the number of shares of Common Stock as shall
from time to time be necessary to effect the exercise of all of the SPA Warrants then outstanding (an &ldquo;<B>Authorized Share
Failure</B>&rdquo;), then the Company shall immediately take all action reasonably necessary to increase the Company&rsquo;s authorized
shares of Common Stock to an amount sufficient to allow the Company to reserve the Required Reserve Amount for all the SPA Warrants
then outstanding. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing sentence, as soon as practicable after the date of the occurrence
of an Authorized Share Failure, but in no event later than ninety (90) days after the occurrence of such Authorized Share Failure,
the Company shall hold a meeting of its stockholders for the approval of an increase in the number of authorized shares of Common
Stock. In connection with such meeting, the Company shall provide each stockholder with a proxy statement and shall use its reasonable
best efforts to solicit its stockholders&rsquo; approval of such increase in authorized shares of Common Stock and to cause its
board of directors to recommend to the stockholders that they approve such proposal. In the event that the Company is prohibited
from issuing shares of Common Stock upon an exercise of this Warrant due to the failure by the Company to have sufficient shares
of Common Stock available out of the authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock (such unavailable number of shares of Common
Stock, the &ldquo;<B>Authorization Failure Shares</B>&rdquo;), in lieu of delivering such Authorization Failure Shares to the Holder,
the Company shall pay cash in exchange for the cancellation of such portion of this Warrant exercisable into such Authorized Failure
Shares at a price equal to the sum of (i) the product of (x) such number of Authorization Failure Shares and (y) the greatest Closing
Sale Price of the Common Stock on any Trading Day during the period commencing on the date the Holder delivers the applicable Exercise
Notice with respect to such Authorization Failure Shares to the Company and ending on the date immediately preceding the date of
such issuance and payment under this Section 1(g) and (ii) to the extent the Holder purchases (in an open market transaction or
otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of Authorization Failure Shares, any brokerage
commissions and other out-of-pocket expenses, if any, of the Holder incurred in connection therewith.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">2.<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>ADJUSTMENT OF EXERCISE PRICE AND NUMBER OF WARRANT SHARES</U><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">. </FONT>The Exercise
Price and number of Warrant Shares issuable upon exercise of this Warrant are subject to adjustment from time to time as set forth
in this Section&nbsp;2.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Stock Dividends and Splits</U>. Without limiting any provision of Section&nbsp;2(b) or Section&nbsp;4, if the Company,
at any time on or after the date of the Securities Purchase Agreement, (i) pays a stock dividend on one or more classes of its
then outstanding shares of Common Stock or otherwise makes a distribution on any class of capital stock that is payable in shares
of Common Stock, (ii) subdivides (by any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization or otherwise) one or more classes of its
then outstanding shares of Common Stock into a larger number of shares or (iii) combines (by combination, reverse stock split or
otherwise) one or more classes of its then outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, then in each such
case the Exercise Price shall be multiplied by a fraction of which the numerator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock
outstanding immediately before such event and of which the denominator shall be the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding
immediately after such event. Any adjustment made pursuant to clause (i) of this paragraph shall become effective immediately after
the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to receive such dividend or distribution, and any adjustment pursuant
to clause (ii) or (iii) of this paragraph shall become effective immediately after the effective date of such subdivision or combination.
If any event requiring an adjustment under this paragraph occurs during the period that an Exercise Price is calculated hereunder,
then the calculation of such Exercise Price shall be adjusted appropriately to reflect such event.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Adjustment Upon Issuance of Shares of Common Stock</U>. If and whenever on or after the date of the Securities Purchase
Agreement, the Company issues or sells, or in accordance with this Section&nbsp;2 is deemed to have issued or sold, any shares
of Common Stock (including the issuance or sale of shares of Common Stock owned or held by or for the account of the Company, but
excluding any Excluded Securities issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold) for a consideration per share (the &ldquo;<B>New
Issuance Price</B>&rdquo;) less than a price equal to the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such issue or sale or deemed
issuance or sale (such Exercise Price then in effect is referred to as the &ldquo;<B>Applicable Price</B>&rdquo;) (the foregoing
a &ldquo;<B>Dilutive Issuance</B>&rdquo;), then immediately after such Dilutive Issuance, the Exercise Price then in effect shall
be reduced to an amount equal to <FONT STYLE="color: black">the product of (A)&nbsp;the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior
to such Dilutive Issuance and (B)&nbsp;the quotient determined by dividing (1)&nbsp;the sum of (I) the product derived by multiplying
the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance and the number of Common Stock Deemed Outstanding immediately
prior to such Dilutive Issuance plus (II) the net consideration, if any, received by the Company upon such Dilutive Issuance (as
determined and, if applicable, adjusted, pursuant to Section 2(b)(iv) below), by (2) the product derived by multiplying (I)&nbsp;the
Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance by (II)&nbsp;the sum of (x) the number of Common Stock Deemed
Outstanding immediately prior to such Dilutive Issuance and (y) the number of shares of Common Stock issued (or deemed issued in
such Dilutive Issuance pursuant to Sections 2(b)(i) and 2(b)(ii) below, regardless of whether such Options or Convertible Securities
are actually convertible or exercisable at such time, but excluding any shares of Common Stock issued (or deemed issued pursuant
to Sections 2(b)(i) and 2(b)(ii) below) under any Secondary Security (as defined below), if any)</FONT>. For all purposes of the
foregoing (including, without limitation, determining the adjusted Exercise Price and consideration per share under this Section&nbsp;2(b)),
the following shall be applicable:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Issuance of Options</U>. If the Company in any manner grants or sells any Options and the lowest price per share for
which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Option or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any
Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise of any such Option is less than the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock
shall be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by the Company at the time of the granting or sale of such Option
for such price per share. For purposes of this Section&nbsp;2(b)(i), the &ldquo;lowest price per share for which one share of Common
Stock is issuable upon the exercise of any such Options or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities
issuable upon exercise of any such Option&rdquo; shall be equal to (1) the lower of (x) the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration
(if any) received or receivable by the Company with respect to any one share of Common Stock upon the granting or sale of such
Option, upon exercise of such Option and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security issuable upon exercise
of such Option and (y) the lowest exercise price set forth in such Option for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon
the exercise of any such Options or upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities issuable upon exercise
of any such Option minus (2) the sum of all amounts paid or payable to the holder of such Option (or any other Person) upon the
granting or sale of such Option, upon exercise of such Option and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Security
issuable upon exercise of such Option plus the value of any other consideration received or receivable by, or benefit conferred
on, the holder of such Option (or any other Person). Except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price
shall be made upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock or of such Convertible Securities upon the exercise of such
Options or upon the actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(ii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Issuance of Convertible Securities</U>. If the Company in any manner issues or sells any Convertible Securities and the
lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the conversion, exercise or exchange thereof is less
than the Applicable Price, then such share of Common Stock shall be deemed to be outstanding and to have been issued and sold by
the Company at the time of the issuance or sale of such Convertible Securities for such price per share. For the purposes of this
Section&nbsp;2(b)(ii)2(b)(ii), the &ldquo;lowest price per share for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon the conversion,
exercise or exchange thereof&rdquo; shall be equal to (1) the lower of (x) the sum of the lowest amounts of consideration (if any)
received or receivable by the Company with respect to one share of Common Stock upon the issuance or sale of the Convertible Security
and upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Security and (y) the lowest conversion price set forth in such Convertible
Security for which one share of Common Stock is issuable upon conversion, exercise or exchange thereof minus (2) the sum of all
amounts paid or payable to the holder of such Convertible Security (or any other Person) upon the issuance or sale of such Convertible
Security plus the value of any other consideration received or receivable by, or benefit conferred on, the holder of such Convertible
Security (or any other Person). Except as contemplated below, no further adjustment of the Exercise Price shall be made upon the
actual issuance of such shares of Common Stock upon conversion, exercise or exchange of such Convertible Securities, and if any
such issue or sale of such Convertible Securities is made upon exercise of any Options for which adjustment of this Warrant has
been or is to be made pursuant to other provisions of this Section&nbsp;2(b), except as contemplated below, no further adjustment
of the Exercise Price shall be made by reason of such issue or sale.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(iii)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Change in Option Price or Rate of Conversion</U>. If the purchase or exercise price provided for in any Options, the
additional consideration, if any, payable upon the issue, conversion, exercise or exchange of any Convertible Securities, or the
rate at which any Convertible Securities are convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Common Stock increases
or decreases at any time, the Exercise Price in effect at the time of such increase or decrease shall be adjusted to the Exercise
Price which would have been in effect at such time had such Options or Convertible Securities provided for such increased or decreased
purchase price, additional consideration or increased or decreased conversion rate, as the case may be, at the time initially granted,
issued or sold. For purposes of this Section&nbsp;2(b)(iii), if the terms of any Option or Convertible Security that was outstanding
as of the date of issuance of this Warrant are increased or decreased in the manner described in the immediately preceding sentence,
then such Option or Convertible Security and the shares of Common Stock deemed issuable upon exercise, conversion or exchange thereof
shall be deemed to have been issued as of the date of such increase or decrease. No adjustment pursuant to this Section&nbsp;2(b)
shall be made if such adjustment would result in an increase of the Exercise Price then in effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(iv)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Calculation of Consideration Received</U>. If any Option and/or Convertible Security and/or Adjustment Right is issued
in connection with the issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale of any other securities of the Company (as reasonably determined
in good faith by the Holder, the &ldquo;<B>Primary Security</B>&rdquo;, and such Option, Convertible Security, and/or Adjustment
Right, each a &ldquo;<B>Secondary Security</B>&rdquo;), together comprising one integrated transaction, the Primary Security issued
or sold in such integrated transaction shall be deemed to have been issued for consideration equal to the difference of (A) the
aggregate consideration received by the Company to purchase such Primary Security and each such Option (as applicable) and/or Convertible
Security (as applicable) and/or Adjustment Right (as applicable), minus (B) the product of (x) the sum of the Black Scholes Consideration
Value of each such Option and/or Convertible Security (as applicable) and/or Adjustment Right (as applicable) on a per share basis
multiplied by (y) the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issued or issuable pursuant to such Option and/or Convertible
Security (as applicable) and/or Adjustment Right (as applicable). If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities
are issued or sold or deemed to have been issued or sold for cash, the consideration received therefor (for the purpose of determining
the consideration paid for such Common Stock, Option or Convertible Security, but not for the purpose of the calculation of the
Black Scholes Consideration Value) will be deemed to be the net amount of consideration received by the Company therefor. If any
shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued or sold for a consideration other than cash (for the purpose
of determining the consideration paid for such Common Stock, Option or Convertible Security, but not for the purpose of the calculation
of the Black Scholes Consideration Value), the amount of such consideration received by the Company will be the fair value of such
consideration, except where such consideration consists of publicly traded securities, in which case the amount of consideration
received by the Company for such securities will be the arithmetic average of the VWAPs of such security for each of the five (5)
Trading Days immediately preceding the date of receipt. If any shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities are issued
to the owners of the non-surviving entity in connection with any merger in which the Company is the surviving entity (for the purpose
of determining the consideration paid for such Common Stock, Option or Convertible Security, but not for the purpose of the calculation
of the Black Scholes Consideration Value), the amount of consideration therefor will be deemed to be the fair value of such portion
of the net assets and business of the non-surviving entity as is attributable to such shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible
Securities, as the case may be. The fair value of any consideration other than cash or publicly traded securities (for the purpose
of determining the consideration paid for such Common Stock, Option or Convertible Security, but not for the purpose of the calculation
of the Black Scholes Consideration Value) will be determined jointly by the Company and the Holder. If such parties are unable
to reach agreement within ten (10) days after the occurrence of an event requiring valuation (the &ldquo;<B>Valuation Event</B>&rdquo;),
the fair value of such consideration will be determined within five (5) Trading Days after the tenth (10<SUP>th</SUP>) day following
such Valuation Event by an independent, reputable appraiser jointly selected by the Company and the Holder. The determination of
such appraiser shall be final and binding upon all parties absent manifest error and the fees and expenses of such appraiser shall
be borne by the Company.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(v)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Record Date</U>. If the Company takes a record of the holders of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of entitling
them (A)&nbsp;to receive a dividend or other distribution payable in shares of Common Stock, Options or in Convertible Securities
or (B)&nbsp;to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock, Options or Convertible Securities, then such record date will
be deemed to be the date of the issue or sale of the shares of Common Stock deemed to have been issued or sold upon the declaration
of such dividend or the making of such other distribution or the date of the granting of such right of subscription or purchase
(as the case may be).</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Number of Warrant Shares</U>. Simultaneously with any adjustment to the Exercise Price pursuant to paragraph (a)  of this Section&nbsp;2, the number of Warrant Shares that may be purchased upon exercise of this Warrant shall be increased
or decreased proportionately, so that after such adjustment the aggregate Exercise Price payable hereunder for the adjusted number
of Warrant Shares shall be the same as the aggregate Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such adjustment (without regard
to any limitations on exercise contained herein).</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Holder's Right of Alternative Exercise Price Following Issuance of Certain Options or Convertible Securities</U>. In
addition to and not in limitation of the other provisions of this Section&nbsp;2, if the Company in any manner issues or sells
any Options or Convertible Securities (other than the Notes) (any such securities, &quot;<B>Variable Price Securities</B>&quot;)
after the Subscription Date that are convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for shares of Common Stock at a price which
varies or may vary with the market price of the Common Shares, including by way of one or more reset(s) to a fixed price, but exclusive
of such formulations reflecting customary anti-dilution provisions (such as share splits, share combinations, share dividends and
similar transactions) (each of the formulations for such variable price being herein referred to as, the &quot;<B>Variable Price</B>&quot;),
the Company shall provide written notice thereof via facsimile and overnight courier to the Holder on the date of issuance of such
Convertible Securities or Options. From and after the date the Company issues any such Convertible Securities or Options with a
Variable Price, the Holder shall have the right, but not the obligation, in its sole discretion to substitute the Variable Price
for the Exercise Price upon exercise of this Warrant by designating in the Exercise Notice delivered upon any exercise of this
Warrant that solely for purposes of such exercise the Holder is relying on the Variable Price rather than the Exercise Price then
in effect. The Holder's election to rely on a Variable Price for a particular exercise of this Warrant shall not obligate the Holder
to rely on a Variable Price for any future exercises of this Warrant.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Other Events</U>. In the event that the Company (or any Subsidiary) shall take any action to which the provisions hereof
are not strictly applicable, or, if applicable, would not operate to protect the Holder from dilution or if any event occurs of
the type contemplated by the provisions of this Section&nbsp;2 but not expressly provided for by such provisions (including, without
limitation, the granting of stock appreciation rights, phantom stock rights or other rights with equity features), then the Company&rsquo;s
board of directors shall in good faith determine and implement an appropriate adjustment in the Exercise Price and the number of
Warrant Shares (if applicable) so as to protect the rights of the Holder, provided that no such adjustment pursuant to this Section&nbsp;2(e)
will increase the Exercise Price or decrease the number of Warrant Shares as otherwise determined pursuant to this Section&nbsp;2,
provided further that if the Holder does not accept such adjustments as appropriately protecting its interests hereunder against
such dilution, then the Company&rsquo;s board of directors and the Holder shall agree, in good faith, upon an independent investment
bank of nationally recognized standing to make such appropriate adjustments, whose determination shall be final and binding and
whose fees and expenses shall be borne by the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Calculations</U>. All calculations under this Section&nbsp;2 shall be made by rounding to the nearest cent or the nearest
1/100<SUP>th</SUP> of a share, as applicable. The number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at any given time shall not include
shares owned or held by or for the account of the Company, and the disposition of any such shares shall be considered an issue
or sale of Common Stock.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Adjustment</U>. If immediately following the close of business on the Initial Exercisability Date (the &ldquo;<B>Adjustment
Time</B>&rdquo;), the Exercise Price then in effect exceeds the Adjusted Market Price (the &ldquo;<B>Adjusted Exercise Price</B>&rdquo;),
the Exercise Price hereunder shall be reset to the Adjusted Exercise Price as of the Adjustment Time.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">3.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>RIGHTS UPON DISTRIBUTION OF ASSETS</U>. <FONT STYLE="text-transform: none">&nbsp;In addition to any adjustments
pursuant to Section&nbsp;2 above, if the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets (or rights
to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation,
any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate
rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a &ldquo;<B>Distribution</B>&rdquo;), at any time after the
issuance of this Warrant, then, in each such case, the Holder shall be entitled to participate in such Distribution to the same
extent that the Holder would have participated therein if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable
upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the
Maximum Percentage) immediately before the date on which a record is taken for such Distribution, or, if no such record is taken,
the date as of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the participation in such Distribution
(provided, however, to the extent that the Holder&rsquo;s right to participate in any such Distributions would result in the Holder
exceeding the Maximum Percentage, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Distribution to such extent (or
the beneficial ownership of any such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Distribution to such extent) and such Distribution
to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the benefit of the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not
result in the Holder exceeding the Maximum Percentage).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">4.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>PURCHASE RIGHTS; FUNDAMENTAL TRANSACTIONS.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Purchase Rights</U>. In addition to any adjustments pursuant to Section&nbsp;2 above, if at any time the Company grants,
issues or sells any Options, Convertible Securities or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities or other property pro rata
to the record holders of any class of shares of Common Stock (the &ldquo;<B>Purchase Rights</B>&rdquo;), then the Holder will be
entitled to acquire, upon the terms applicable to such Purchase Rights, the aggregate Purchase Rights which the Holder could have
acquired if the Holder had held the number of shares of Common Stock acquirable upon complete exercise of this Warrant (without
regard to any limitations on exercise hereof, including without limitation, the Maximum Percentage) immediately before the date
on which a record is taken for the grant, issuance or sale of such Purchase Rights, or, if no such record is taken, the date as
of which the record holders of shares of Common Stock are to be determined for the grant, issue or sale of such Purchase Rights
(provided, however, to the extent that the Holder&rsquo;s right to participate in any such Purchase Right would result in the Holder
exceeding the Maximum Percentage, then the Holder shall not be entitled to participate in such Purchase Right to such extent (or
beneficial ownership of such shares of Common Stock as a result of such Purchase Right to such extent) and such Purchase Right
to such extent shall be held in abeyance for the Holder until such time, if ever, as its right thereto would not result in the
Holder exceeding the Maximum Percentage).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Fundamental Transactions</U>. The Company shall not enter into or be party to a Fundamental Transaction unless the Successor
Entity (if different than the Company) assumes in writing all of the obligations of the Company under this Warrant and the other
Transaction Documents (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) in accordance with the provisions of this Section&nbsp;4(b)
including agreements to deliver to the Holder in exchange for this Warrant a security of the Successor Entity evidenced by a written
instrument substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant, including, without limitation, which is exercisable for
a corresponding number of shares of capital stock equivalent to the shares of Common Stock acquirable and receivable upon exercise
of this Warrant (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant) prior to such Fundamental Transaction, and
with an exercise price which applies the exercise price hereunder to such shares of capital stock (but taking into account the
relative value of the shares of Common Stock pursuant to such Fundamental Transaction and the value of such shares of capital stock,
such adjustments to the number of shares of capital stock and such exercise price being for the purpose of protecting the economic
value of this Warrant immediately prior to the consummation of such Fundamental Transaction). Upon the consummation of each Fundamental
Transaction, the Successor Entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for (so that from and after the date of the applicable Fundamental
Transaction, the provisions of this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents referring to the &ldquo;Company&rdquo; shall refer
instead to the Successor Entity), and may exercise every right and power of the Company and shall assume all of the obligations
of the Company under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents with the same effect as if such Successor Entity had been
named as the Company herein. Upon consummation of each Fundamental Transaction, the Successor Entity (if different from the Company)
shall deliver to the Holder confirmation that there shall be issued upon exercise of this Warrant at any time after the consummation
of the applicable Fundamental Transaction, in lieu of the shares of Common Stock (or other securities, cash, assets or other property
(except such items still issuable under Sections&nbsp;3 and 4(a) above, which shall continue to be receivable thereafter)) issuable
upon the exercise of this Warrant prior to the applicable Fundamental Transaction, such shares of common stock (or its equivalent)
of the Successor Entity (including its Parent Entity) which the Holder would have been entitled to receive upon the happening of
the applicable Fundamental Transaction had this Warrant been exercised immediately prior to the applicable Fundamental Transaction
(without regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant), as adjusted in accordance with the provisions of this Warrant.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, and without limiting Section 1(f) hereof, the Holder may elect, at its sole option, by delivery
of written notice to the Company to waive this Section&nbsp;4(b) to permit the Fundamental Transaction without the assumption of
this Warrant. In addition to and not in substitution for any other rights hereunder, prior to the consummation of each Fundamental
Transaction pursuant to which holders of shares of Common Stock are entitled to receive securities or other assets with respect
to or in exchange for shares of Common Stock (a &ldquo;<B>Corporate Event</B>&rdquo;), the Company shall make appropriate provision
to insure that the Holder will thereafter have the right to receive upon an exercise of this Warrant at any time after the consummation
of the applicable Fundamental Transaction but prior to the Expiration Date, in lieu of the shares of the Common Stock (or other
securities, cash, assets or other property (except such items still issuable under Sections&nbsp; 3 and 4(a) above, which shall
continue to be receivable thereafter)) issuable upon the exercise of the Warrant prior to such Fundamental Transaction, such shares
of stock, securities, cash, assets or any other property whatsoever (including warrants or other purchase or subscription rights)
which the Holder would have been entitled to receive upon the happening of the applicable Fundamental Transaction had this Warrant
been exercised immediately prior to the applicable Fundamental Transaction (without regard to any limitations on the exercise of
this Warrant). Provision made pursuant to the preceding sentence shall be in a form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the
Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Black Scholes Redemption</U>. Notwithstanding the foregoing and the provisions of Section&nbsp;4(b) above, at the request
of the Holder delivered at any time commencing on the earliest to occur of (x) the public disclosure of any Change of Control,
(y) the consummation of any Change of Control and (z) the Holder first becoming aware of any Change of Control through the date
that is ninety (90) days after the public disclosure of the consummation of such Change of Control by the Company pursuant to a
Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC, the Company or the Successor Entity (as the case may be) shall <FONT STYLE="color: black">purchase
this Warrant from the Holder on the date of such request by paying to the Holder</FONT> cash in an amount equal to the Black Scholes
Value.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Application</U>. The provisions of this Section&nbsp;4 shall apply similarly and equally to successive Fundamental Transactions
and Corporate Events and shall be applied as if this Warrant (and any such subsequent warrants) were fully exercisable and without
regard to any limitations on the exercise of this Warrant (provided that the Holder shall continue to be entitled to the benefit
of the Maximum Percentage, applied however with respect to shares of capital stock registered under the 1934 Act and thereafter
receivable upon exercise of this Warrant (or any such other warrant)).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">5.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>NONCIRCUMVENTION</U>.<FONT STYLE="text-transform: none">&nbsp;The Company hereby covenants and agrees that the
Company will not, by amendment of its Certificate of Incorporation (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement), Bylaws (as
defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, scheme
of arrangement, dissolution, issue or sale of securities, or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance
or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, and will at all times in good faith carry out all the provisions of this Warrant
and take all action as may be required to protect the rights of the Holder. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing,
the Company (i)&nbsp;shall not increase the par value of any shares of Common Stock receivable upon the exercise of this Warrant
above the Exercise Price then in effect, (ii)&nbsp;shall take all such actions as may be necessary or appropriate in order that
the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of this Warrant,
and (iii) shall, so long as any of the SPA Warrants are outstanding, take all action necessary to reserve and keep available out
of its authorized and unissued shares of Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the exercise of the SPA Warrants, the
maximum number of shares of Common Stock as shall from time to time be necessary to effect the exercise of the SPA Warrants then
outstanding (without regard to any limitations on exercise).</FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">6.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><U>WARRANT HOLDER NOT DEEMED A STOCKHOLDER</U>.</FONT>&nbsp;Except as otherwise specifically
provided herein, the Holder, solely in its capacity as a holder of this Warrant, shall not be entitled to vote or receive dividends
or be deemed the holder of share capital of the Company for any purpose, nor shall anything contained in this Warrant be construed
to confer upon the Holder, solely in its capacity as the Holder of this Warrant, any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company
or any right to vote, give or withhold consent to any corporate action (whether any reorganization, issue of stock, reclassification
of stock, consolidation, merger, conveyance or otherwise), receive notice of meetings, receive dividends or subscription rights,
or otherwise, prior to the issuance to the Holder of the Warrant Shares which it is then entitled to receive upon the due exercise
of this Warrant. In addition, nothing contained in this Warrant shall be construed as imposing any liabilities on the Holder to
purchase any securities (upon exercise of this Warrant or otherwise) or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liabilities
are asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company. Notwithstanding this Section&nbsp;6, the Company shall provide the
Holder with copies of the same notices and other information given to the stockholders of the Company generally, contemporaneously
with the giving thereof to the stockholders.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">7.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>REISSUANCE OF WARRANTS.</U></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Transfer of Warrant</U>. If this Warrant is to be transferred, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company,
whereupon the Company will forthwith issue and deliver upon the order of the Holder a new Warrant (in accordance with Section&nbsp;7(d)),
registered as the Holder may request, representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares being transferred by the
Holder and, if less than the total number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant is being transferred, a new Warrant (in
accordance with Section&nbsp;7(d)) to the Holder representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares not being transferred.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Lost, Stolen or Mutilated Warrant</U>. Upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company
of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant (as to which a written certification and the indemnification contemplated
below shall suffice as such evidence), and, in the case of loss, theft or destruction, of any indemnification undertaking by the
Holder to the Company in customary and reasonable form and, in the case of mutilation, upon surrender and cancellation of this
Warrant, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Holder a new Warrant (in accordance with Section&nbsp;7(d)) representing
the right to purchase the Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Exchangeable for Multiple Warrants</U>. This Warrant is exchangeable, upon the surrender hereof by the Holder at the
principal office of the Company, for a new Warrant or Warrants (in accordance with Section&nbsp;7(d)) representing in the aggregate
the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant, and each such new Warrant will represent the right
to purchase such portion of such Warrant Shares as is designated by the Holder at the time of such surrender; provided, however,
no warrants for fractional shares of Common Stock shall be given.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Issuance of New Warrants</U>. Whenever the Company is required to issue a new Warrant pursuant to the terms of this Warrant,
such new Warrant (i) shall be of like tenor with this Warrant, (ii) shall represent, as indicated on the face of such new Warrant,
the right to purchase the Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant (or in the case of a new Warrant being issued pursuant to
Section&nbsp;7(a) or Section 7(c), the Warrant Shares designated by the Holder which, when added to the number of shares of Common
Stock underlying the other new Warrants issued in connection with such issuance, does not exceed the number of Warrant Shares then
underlying this Warrant), (iii) shall have an issuance date, as indicated on the face of such new Warrant which is the same as
the Issuance Date, and (iv) shall have the same rights and conditions as this Warrant.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">8.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>NOTICES</U>. Whenever notice is required to be given under this Warrant, unless otherwise provided herein, such
notice shall be given in accordance with Section&nbsp;9(f) of the Securities Purchase Agreement. The Company shall provide the
Holder with prompt written notice of all actions taken pursuant to this Warrant, including in reasonable detail a description of
such action and the reason therefor. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company will give written notice to
the Holder (i) promptly upon each adjustment of the Exercise Price and the number of Warrant Shares, setting forth in reasonable
detail, and certifying, the calculation of such adjustment(s) and (ii) at least fifteen (15) days prior to the date on which the
Company closes its books or takes a record (A) with respect to any dividend or distribution upon the shares of Common Stock, (B)
with respect to any grants, issuances or sales of any Options, Convertible Securities or rights to purchase stock, warrants, securities
or other property to holders of shares of Common Stock or (C) for determining rights to vote with respect to any Fundamental Transaction,
dissolution or liquidation, provided in each case that such information shall be made known to the public prior to or in conjunction
with such notice being provided to the Holder and (iii) at least ten (10) Trading Days prior to the consummation of any Fundamental
Transaction. To the extent that any notice provided hereunder constitutes, or contains, material, non-public information regarding
the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, the Company shall simultaneously file such notice with the SEC (as defined in the Securities
Purchase Agreement) pursuant to a Current Report on Form 8-K. It is expressly understood and agreed that the time of execution
specified by the Holder in each Exercise Notice shall be definitive and may not be disputed or challenged by the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">9.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>AMENDMENT AND WAIVER</U>. Except as otherwise provided herein, the provisions of this Warrant (other than Section&nbsp;1(f))
may be amended and the Company may take any action herein prohibited, or omit to perform any act herein required to be performed
by it, only if the Company has obtained the written consent of the Holder. No waiver shall be effective unless it is in writing
and signed by an authorized representative of the waiving party.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">10.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>SEVERABILITY</U>. If any provision of this Warrant is prohibited by law or otherwise determined to be invalid
or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the provision that would otherwise be prohibited, invalid or unenforceable
shall be deemed amended to apply to the broadest extent that it would be valid and enforceable, and the invalidity or unenforceability
of such provision shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this Warrant so long as this Warrant as so modified
continues to express, without material change, the original intentions of the parties as to the subject matter hereof and the prohibited
nature, invalidity or unenforceability of the provision(s) in question does not substantially impair the respective expectations
or reciprocal obligations of the parties or the practical realization of the benefits that would otherwise be conferred upon the
parties. The parties will endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s)
with a valid provision(s), the effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">11.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>GOVERNING LAW</U>. This Warrant shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with, and all questions
concerning the construction, validity, interpretation and performance of this Warrant shall be governed by, the internal laws of
the State of New York, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of
New York or any other jurisdictions) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of
New York. The Company hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in The City
of New York, Borough of Manhattan, for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction
contemplated hereby or discussed herein, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding,
any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is brought
in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed
to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed or operate
to preclude the Holder from bringing suit or taking other legal action against the Company in any other jurisdiction to collect
on the Company&rsquo;s obligations to the Holder or to enforce a judgment or other court ruling in favor of the Holder. <B>THE
COMPANY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO, AND AGREES NOT TO REQUEST, A JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY
DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING OUT OF THIS WARRANT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">12.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>CONSTRUCTION; HEADINGS</U>. This Warrant shall be deemed to be jointly drafted by the Company and the Holder and
shall not be construed against any Person as the drafter hereof. The headings of this Warrant are for convenience of reference
and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Warrant. Terms used in this Warrant but defined in the other
Transaction Documents shall have the meanings ascribed to such terms on the Series A Closing Date in such other Transaction Documents
unless otherwise consented to in writing by the Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">13.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>DISPUTE RESOLUTION</U>. In the case of a dispute as to the determination of the Exercise Price, the Closing Bid
Price, the Closing Sale Price or fair market value or the arithmetic calculation of the number of Warrant Shares (as the case may
be), the Company or the Holder (as the case may be) shall submit the disputed determinations or arithmetic calculations (as the
case may be) via facsimile (i) within two (2) Business Days after receipt of the applicable notice giving rise to such dispute
to the Company or the Holder (as the case may be) or (ii) if no notice gave rise to such dispute, at any time after the Holder
learned of the circumstances giving rise to such dispute (including, without limitation, as to whether any issuance or sale or
deemed issuance or sale was an issuance or sale or deemed issuance or sale of Excluded Securities). If the Holder and the Company
are unable to agree upon such determination or calculation (as the case may be) of the Exercise Price, the Closing Sale Price or
fair market value or the number of Warrant Shares (as the case may be) within three (3) Business Days of such disputed determination
or arithmetic calculation being submitted to the Company or the Holder (as the case may be), then the Company shall, within two
(2) Business Days submit via facsimile (a) the disputed determination of the Exercise Price, the Closing Bid Price, the Closing
Sale Price or fair market value (as the case may be) to an independent, reputable investment bank selected by the Company and approved
by the Holder or (b) the disputed arithmetic calculation of the number of Warrant Shares to the Company&rsquo;s independent, outside
accountant. The Company shall cause at its expense the investment bank or the accountant (as the case may be) to perform the determinations
or calculations (as the case may be) and notify the Company and the Holder of the results no later than ten (10) Business Days
from the time it receives such disputed determinations or calculations (as the case may be). Such investment bank&rsquo;s or accountant&rsquo;s
determination or calculation (as the case may be) shall be binding upon all parties absent demonstrable error.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">14.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>REMEDIES, CHARACTERIZATION, OTHER OBLIGATIONS, BREACHES AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF</U>. The remedies provided in this
Warrant shall be cumulative and in addition to all other remedies available under this Warrant and the other Transaction Documents,
at law or in equity (including a decree of specific performance and/or other injunctive relief), and nothing herein shall limit
the right of the Holder to pursue actual and consequential damages for any failure by the Company to comply with the terms of this
Warrant. The Company covenants to the Holder that there shall be no characterization concerning this instrument other than as expressly
provided herein. Amounts set forth or provided for herein with respect to payments, exercises and the like (and the computation
thereof) shall be the amounts to be received by the Holder and shall not, except as expressly provided herein, be subject to any
other obligation of the Company (or the performance thereof). The Company acknowledges that a breach by it of its obligations hereunder
will cause irreparable harm to the Holder and that the remedy at law for any such breach may be inadequate. The Company therefore
agrees that, in the event of any such breach or threatened breach, the holder of this Warrant shall be entitled, in addition to
all other available remedies, to an injunction restraining any breach, without the necessity of showing economic loss and without
any bond or other security being required. The Company shall provide all information and documentation to the Holder that is requested
by the Holder to enable the Holder to confirm the Company&rsquo;s compliance with the terms and conditions of this Warrant (including,
without limitation, compliance with Section&nbsp;2 hereof). The issuance of shares and certificates for shares as contemplated
hereby upon the exercise of this Warrant shall be made without charge to the Holder or such shares for any issuance tax or other
costs in respect thereof, provided that the Company shall not be required to pay any tax which may be payable in respect of any
transfer involved in the issuance and delivery of any certificate in a name other than the Holder or its agent on its behalf.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">15.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>TRANSFER</U>. This Warrant may be offered for sale, sold, transferred or assigned without the consent of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: none; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: none; text-underline-style: none">16.<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT></FONT><U>CERTAIN DEFINITIONS</U>. For purposes of this Warrant, the following terms shall have the following meanings:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(a)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Adjusted Market Price</B>&rdquo; means 115% of the Market Price (as defined in the Notes) on the Initial Exercisability
Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(b)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Adjustment Right</B>&rdquo; means any right granted with respect to any securities issued in connection with,
or with respect to, any issuance or sale (or deemed issuance or sale in accordance with Section&nbsp;2) of shares of Common Stock
(other than rights of the type described in Section&nbsp;3 and 4 hereof) that could result in a decrease in the net consideration
received by the Company in connection with, or with respect to, such securities (including, without limitation, any cash settlement
rights, cash adjustment or other similar rights).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(c)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Approved Stock Plan</B>&rdquo; means any employee benefit plan (including the Company&rsquo;s 2006 Stock Incentive
Plan) which has been approved by the board of directors of the Company prior to or subsequent to the date hereof pursuant to which
shares of Common Stock and standard options to purchase Common Stock may be issued to any employee, officer or director for services
provided to the Company in their capacity as such.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(d)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Black Scholes Consideration Value</B>&rdquo; means the value of the applicable Option, Convertible Security or
Adjustment Right (as the case may be) as of the date of issuance thereof calculated using the Black Scholes Option Pricing Model
obtained from the &ldquo;OV&rdquo; function on Bloomberg utilizing (i) an underlying price per share equal to the Closing Sale
Price of the Common Stock on the Trading Day immediately preceding the public announcement of the execution of definitive documents
with respect to the issuance of such Option or Convertible Security (as the case may be), (ii) a risk-free interest rate corresponding
to the U.S. Treasury rate for a period equal to the remaining term of such Option, Convertible Security or Adjustment Right (as
the case may be) as of the date of issuance of such Option, Convertible Security or Adjustment Right (as the case may be), (iii)
a zero cost of borrow and (iv) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 75% and the 30 day volatility obtained from the HVT
function on Bloomberg (determined utilizing a 365 day annualization factor) as of&nbsp;the Trading Day immediately following the
date of issuance of such Option, Convertible Security or Adjustment Right (as the case may be).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(e)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Black Scholes Value</B>&rdquo; means the value of the unexercised portion of this Warrant remaining on the date
of the Holder&rsquo;s request pursuant to Section&nbsp;4(c), which value is calculated using the Black Scholes Option Pricing Model
obtained from the &ldquo;OV&rdquo; function on Bloomberg utilizing (i) an underlying price per share equal to the sum of the price
per share being offered in cash in the applicable Change of Control (if any) plus the value of the non-cash consideration being
offered in the applicable Change of Control (if any), (ii) a strike price equal to the Exercise Price in effect on the date of
the Holder&rsquo;s request pursuant to Section&nbsp;4(c), (iii) a risk-free interest rate corresponding to the U.S. Treasury rate
for a period equal to the greater of (1) the remaining term of this Warrant as of the date of the Holder&rsquo;s request pursuant
to Section&nbsp;4(c) and (2) the remaining term of this Warrant as of the date of consummation of the applicable Change of Control
or as of the date of the Holder&rsquo;s request pursuant to Section&nbsp;4(c) if such request is prior to the date of the consummation
of the applicable Change of Control, (iv) a zero cost of borrow and (v) an expected volatility equal to the greater of 75% and
the 30 day volatility obtained from the HVT function on Bloomberg (determined utilizing a 365 day annualization factor) as of the
Trading Day immediately following the earliest to occur of (x) the public disclosure of the applicable Change of Control, (y) the
consummation of the applicable Change of Control and (z) the date on which the Holder first became aware of the applicable Change
of Control.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(f)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Bloomberg</B>&rdquo; means Bloomberg, L.P.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(g)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Business Day</B>&rdquo; means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The
City of New York are authorized or required by law to remain closed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(h)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Change of Control</B>&rdquo; means any Fundamental Transaction other than (i) any merger of the Company or any
of its, direct or indirect, wholly-owned Subsidiaries with or into any of the foregoing Persons, (ii) any reorganization, recapitalization
or reclassification of the shares of Common Stock in which holders of the Company&rsquo;s voting power immediately prior to such
reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification continue after such reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification to
hold publicly traded securities and, directly or indirectly, are, in all material respects, the holders of the voting power of
the surviving entity (or entities with the authority or voting power&nbsp;to elect the members of the board of directors (or their
equivalent if other than a corporation) of such entity or entities) after such reorganization, recapitalization or reclassification,
or (iii) pursuant to a migratory merger effected solely for the purpose of changing the jurisdiction of incorporation of the Company
or any of its Subsidiaries or (iv) the sale (whether by merger, asset sale or otherwise) of any one Plant (as defined in the Notes)
of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(i)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Closing Bid Price</B>&rdquo; and &ldquo;<B>Closing Sale Price</B>&rdquo; means, for any security as of any date,
the last closing bid price and last closing trade price, respectively, for such security on the Principal Market, as reported by
Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Market begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not designate the closing bid price
or the closing trade price (as the case may be) then the last bid price or last trade price, respectively, of such security prior
to 4:00:00 p.m., New York City time, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Market is not the principal securities exchange
or trading market for such security, the last closing bid price or last trade price, respectively, of such security on the principal
securities exchange or trading market where such security is listed or traded as reported by Bloomberg, or if the foregoing do
not apply, the last closing bid price or last trade price, respectively, of such security in the over-the-counter market on the
electronic bulletin board for such security as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no closing bid price or last trade price, respectively,
is reported for such security by Bloomberg, the average of the bid prices, or the ask prices, respectively, of any market makers
for such security as reported in the &ldquo;pink sheets&rdquo; by OTC Markets Group Inc. (formerly Pink Sheets LLC). If the Closing
Bid Price or the Closing Sale Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the
Closing Bid Price or the Closing Sale Price (as the case may be) of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as
mutually determined by the Company and the Holder. If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon the fair market value
of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved in accordance with the procedures in Section&nbsp;13. All such determinations
shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination or other similar transaction during such
period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(j)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Common Stock</B>&rdquo; means (i)&nbsp;the Company&rsquo;s shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share,
and (ii) any capital stock into which such common stock shall have been changed or any share capital resulting from a reclassification
of such common stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(k)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<FONT STYLE="color: black"><B>Common Stock Deemed Outstanding</B>&rdquo; means, at any given time, the number of
shares of Common Stock actually outstanding at such time, but excluding any shares of Common Stock owned or held by or for the
account of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(l)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Convertible Securities</B>&rdquo; means any stock or other security (other than Options) that is at any time and
under any circumstances, directly or indirectly, convertible into, exercisable or exchangeable for, or which otherwise entitles
the holder thereof to acquire, any shares of Common Stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(m)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Eligible Market</B>&rdquo; means The New York Stock Exchange, the NYSE MKT, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the
Nasdaq Global Market or the Principal Market.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(n)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Excluded Securities</B>&rdquo; means (i) shares of Common Stock or standard options to purchase Common Stock issued
to directors, officers or employees of the Company in their capacity as such pursuant to an Approved Stock Plan (as defined above),
provided that (A) all such issuances (taking into account the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of such options) after
the date hereof pursuant to this clause (i) do not, in the aggregate, exceed more than 5% of the Common Stock issued and outstanding
immediately prior to the date hereof and (B) the exercise price of any such options is not lowered, none of such options are amended
to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder and none of the terms or conditions of any such options are otherwise materially
changed in any manner that adversely affects any of the Buyers; (ii) shares of Common Stock issued upon the conversion or exercise
of, or in satisfaction of interest or dividends accrued in accordance with the terms of, the Company&rsquo;s Series B Cumulative
Convertible Preferred Stock or any other Convertible Securities (other than standard options to purchase Common Stock issued pursuant
to an Approved Stock Plan that are covered by clause (i) above) issued prior to the date hereof, provided that the conversion price
of any such Convertible Securities (other than standard options to purchase Common Stock issued pursuant to an Approved Stock Plan
that are covered by clause (i) above) is not lowered (except pursuant to terms in effect as of the Subscription Date), none of
such Convertible Securities (other than standard options to purchase Common Stock issued pursuant to an Approved Stock Plan that
are covered by clause (i) above) are amended to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder and none of the terms or conditions
of any such Convertible Securities (other than standard options to purchase Common Stock issued pursuant to an Approved Stock Plan
that are covered by clause (i) above) are otherwise materially changed in any manner that adversely affects any of the Buyers;
(iii) the issuance of the Notes, (iv) the issuance of the SPA Warrants, (v) the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion
of the Notes or otherwise pursuant to the terms of the Notes, and (vi) the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the
SPA Warrants.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(o)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Expiration Date</B>&rdquo; means the date that is [INSERT IN SERIES A WARRANT: the first anniversary of the Initial
Exercisability Date][INSERT IN SERIES B WARRANT: the earlier of (z) the Trading Day immediately following the Series B Closing
Expiration Date and (y) the first anniversary of the Initial Exercisability Date] or, if such date falls on a day other than a
Business Day or on which trading does not take place on the Principal Market (a &ldquo;<B>Holiday</B>&rdquo;), the next date that
is not a Holiday.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(p)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Fundamental Transaction</B>&rdquo; means that (i) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries shall, directly or indirectly,
in one or more related transactions, (1) consolidate or merge with or into (whether or not the Company or any of its Subsidiaries
is the surviving corporation) any other Person, or (2) sell, lease, license, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of all
or substantially all of its respective properties or assets to any other Person, or (3) allow any other Person to make a purchase,
tender or exchange offer that is accepted by the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Voting Stock of the Company
(not including any shares of Voting Stock of the Company held by the Person or Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated
with the Persons making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer), or (4) consummate a stock or share purchase agreement
or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement)
with any other Person whereby such other Person acquires more than 50% of the outstanding shares of Voting Stock of the Company
(not including any shares of Voting Stock of the Company held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated
or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock or share purchase agreement or other business combination),
or (ii) any &ldquo;person&rdquo; or &ldquo;group&rdquo; (as these terms are used for purposes of Sections&nbsp;13(d) and 14(d)
of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder) is or shall become the &ldquo;beneficial owner&rdquo; (as
defined in Rule 13d-3 under the 1934 Act), directly or indirectly, of 50% of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by
issued and outstanding Voting Stock of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(q)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Notes</B>&rdquo; has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Securities Purchase Agreement, and shall include
all notes issued in exchange therefor or replacement thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(r)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Options</B>&rdquo; means any rights, warrants or options to subscribe for or purchase shares of Common Stock or
Convertible Securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(s)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Parent Entity</B>&rdquo; of a Person means an entity that, directly or indirectly, controls the applicable Person
and whose common stock or equivalent equity security is quoted or listed on an Eligible Market, or, if there is more than one such
Person or Parent Entity, the Person or Parent Entity with the largest public market capitalization as of the date of consummation
of the Fundamental Transaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(t)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Person</B>&rdquo; means an individual, a limited liability company, a partnership, a joint venture, a corporation,
a trust, an unincorporated organization, any other entity or a government or any department or agency thereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(u)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Principal Market</B>&rdquo; means the Nasdaq Capital Market.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(v)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Subsidiary</B>&rdquo; means any Person in which the Company, directly or indirectly, (i) owns any of the outstanding
capital stock or holds any equity or similar interest of such Person or (ii) controls or operates all or any part of the business,
operations or administration of such Person, and all of the foregoing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(w)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Successor Entity</B>&rdquo; means the Person (or, if so elected by the Holder, the Parent Entity) formed by, resulting
from or surviving any Fundamental Transaction or the Person (or, if so elected by the Holder, the Parent Entity) with which such
Fundamental Transaction shall have been entered into.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(x)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Trading Day</B>&rdquo; means any day on which the Common Stock is traded on the Principal Market, or, if the Principal
Market is not the principal trading market for the Common Stock, then on the principal securities exchange or securities market
on which the Common Stock is then traded, provided that &ldquo;Trading Day&rdquo; shall not include any day on which the Common
Stock is scheduled to trade on such exchange or market for less than 4.5 hours or any day that the Common Stock is suspended from
trading during the final hour of trading on such exchange or market (or if such exchange or market does not designate in advance
the closing time of trading on such exchange or market, then during the hour ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time) unless such
day is otherwise designated as a Trading Day in writing by the Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(y)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>Voting Stock</B>&rdquo; of a Person means capital stock of such Person of the class or classes pursuant to which
the holders thereof have the general voting power to elect, or the general power to appoint, at least a majority of the board of
directors, managers or trustees of such Person (irrespective of whether or not at the time capital stock of any other class or
classes shall have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">(z)<FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>&ldquo;<B>VWAP</B>&rdquo; means, for any security as of any date, the dollar volume-weighted average price for such security
on the Principal Market (or, if the Principal Market is not the principal trading market for such security, then on the principal
securities exchange or securities market on which such security is then traded) during the period beginning at 9:30:01 a.m., New
York time, and ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time, as reported by Bloomberg through its &ldquo;Volume at Price&rdquo; function
or, if the foregoing does not apply, the dollar volume-weighted average price of such security in the over-the-counter market on
the electronic bulletin board for such security during the period beginning at 9:30:01 a.m., New York time, and ending at 4:00:00
p.m., New York time, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no dollar volume-weighted average price is reported for such security by
Bloomberg for such hours, the average of the highest closing bid price and the lowest closing ask price of any of the market makers
for such security as reported in the &ldquo;pink sheets&rdquo; by OTC Markets Group Inc. (formerly Pink Sheets LLC). If VWAP cannot
be calculated for such security on such date on any of the foregoing bases, the VWAP of such security on such date shall be the
fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the Holder. If the Company and the Holder are unable to agree upon
the fair market value of such security, then such dispute shall be resolved in accordance with the procedures in Section&nbsp;13.
All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination or other similar
transaction during such period.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">[<I>signature page follows</I>]</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>IN WITNESS WHEREOF,</B>
the Company has caused this Warrant to Purchase Common Stock to be duly executed as of the Issuance Date set out above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>Pacific
Ethanol, Inc.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5in">By:_________________________________&#9;&#9;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">Name:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">Title:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">EXHIBIT A</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">EXERCISE
NOTICE</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal">TO
BE EXECUTED BY THE REGISTERED HOLDER TO EXERCISE THIS</FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">WARRANT TO PURCHASE COMMON STOCK</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The undersigned holder
hereby exercises the right to purchase _________________ of the shares of Common Stock (&ldquo;<B>Warrant Shares</B>&rdquo;) of
Pacific Ethanol, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;<B>Company</B>&rdquo;), evidenced by Warrant to Purchase Common Stock
No.&nbsp;_______ (the &ldquo;<B>Warrant</B>&rdquo;). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the respective
meanings set forth in the Warrant.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">1.&#9;<U>Form of Exercise
Price</U>. The Holder intends that payment of the Exercise Price shall be made as:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1.5in">____________</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">a &ldquo;<U>Cash Exercise</U>&rdquo; with respect to _________________ Warrant Shares; and/or</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1.5in">____________</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">a &ldquo;<U>Cashless Exercise</U>&rdquo; with respect to _______________ Warrant Shares.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In the event that the
Holder has elected a Cashless Exercise with respect to some or all of the Warrant Shares to be issued pursuant hereto, the Holder
hereby represents and warrants that (i) this Exercise Notice was executed by the Holder at __________ [a.m.][p.m.] on the date
set forth below and (ii) if applicable, the Bid Price as of such time of execution of this Exercise Notice was $________.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.&#9;<U>Payment
of Exercise Price</U>. In the event that the Holder has elected a Cash Exercise with respect to some or all of the Warrant Shares
to be issued pursuant hereto, the Holder shall pay the Aggregate Exercise </FONT>Price<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"> in the sum
of $___________________ to the Company in accordance with the terms of the Warrant.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.&#9;<U>Delivery
of Warrant Shares</U>. The Company shall deliver to Holder, or its designee or agent as specified below, __________ </FONT>Warrant<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">
Shares in accordance with the terms of the Warrant. Delivery shall be made to Holder, or for its benefit, to the following address:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt">___________________________________</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt">___________________________________</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt">___________________________________</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt">___________________________________</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><U></U></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 100%; padding-right: 5.4pt; padding-left: 5.4pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Date: _____________ __, <U>&#9;</U></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><U STYLE="text-decoration: none">___________________________________</U><BR>
        Name of Registered Holder</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 18.45pt; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -18.45pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 12pt; padding-left: 18.45pt; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -18.45pt">By:_________________________________&#9;&#9;<BR>
Name: <BR>
Title:<BR>
<BR></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">EXHIBIT B</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">ACKNOWLEDGMENT</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The
Company hereby acknowledges this Exercise Notice and hereby directs ______________ to issue the above </FONT>indicated<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">
number of shares of Common Stock in accordance with the Transfer Agent Instructions dated _________, 20__, from the Company and
acknowledged and agreed to by _______________.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5in"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>Pacific
Ethanol, Inc.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3.25in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5in"> By:_________________________________</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">Name:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">Title:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 5.3in"></P>





<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

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