<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001615774-18-005299.txt : 20180614
<SEC-HEADER>0001615774-18-005299.hdr.sgml : 20180614
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20180614162328
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001615774-18-005299
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	S-8
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		4
FILED AS OF DATE:		20180614
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20180614
EFFECTIVENESS DATE:		20180614

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Pacific Ethanol, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000778164
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	INDUSTRIAL ORGANIC CHEMICALS [2860]
		IRS NUMBER:				412170618
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		S-8
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-225622
		FILM NUMBER:		18899421

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		400 CAPITOL MALL, SUITE 2060
		CITY:			SACRAMENTO
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			95814
		BUSINESS PHONE:		916-403-2123

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		400 CAPITOL MALL, SUITE 2060
		CITY:			SACRAMENTO
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			95814

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	ACCESSITY CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20030627

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	DRIVERSSHIELD COM CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20001115

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	FIRST PRIORITY GROUP INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19920703
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>S-8
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>s110776_s8.htm
<DESCRIPTION>S-8
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>As
filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on June 14, 2018</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;<B>Registration
No. 333-________</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 2pt 0 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">UNITED
STATES</FONT><BR><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Washington,
D.C. 20549</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT>&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 12pt">FORM
S-8<BR>
REGISTRATION STATEMENT&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 12pt">UNDER<BR>
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 16pt">PACIFIC
ETHANOL, INC.</FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 54%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Delaware</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>41-2170618</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(State or other jurisdiction
    of incorporation or organization)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(I.R.S. Employer
    Identification No.)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>400 Capitol Mall,
    Suite 2060, Sacramento, California</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>95814</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Address of Principal
    Executive Offices)&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Zip Code)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 12pt">2016
STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Full
title of the plan)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Neil
M. Koehler</FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Executive Officer</FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pacific Ethanol, Inc.</FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">400 Capitol Mall, Suite 2060, Sacramento, California
95814&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Name
and address of agent for service)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(916)
403-2123&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Telephone
number, including area code, of agent for service)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal"><I>Copies
of all correspondence to:&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">John
T. Bradley, Esq.<BR>
Troutman Sanders LLP<BR>
5 Park Plaza, Suite 1400, Irvine, California 92614<BR>
(949) 622-2700</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting
company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of &ldquo;large accelerated filer,&rdquo; &ldquo;accelerated filer,&rdquo;
&ldquo;smaller reporting company,&rdquo; and &ldquo;emerging growth company&rdquo; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 96%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 11%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Large accelerated filer&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: right; width: 3%; vertical-align: middle">&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9744;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 51%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 34%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accelerated filer &nbsp;&nbsp;&#9746;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-accelerated filer&nbsp;&nbsp; </FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: right; padding-left: -30pt; vertical-align: middle">&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9744;</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Do not check if a smaller
    reporting company)</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Smaller reporting company
    &nbsp;&#9744;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Emerging growth company &nbsp;</FONT>&#9744;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for
complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.
&#9744;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CALCULATION
OF REGISTRATION FEE&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 31%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt double; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title
    of<BR>
    Securities to be Registered</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 13%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt double; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amount
    to be <BR>
Registered<SUP>(1)</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 17%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt double; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proposed
    Maximum<BR>
    Offering Price<BR>
    Per Share<SUP>(2)</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 20%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt double; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proposed
    Maximum<BR>
    Aggregate<BR>
    Offering Price<SUP>(2)</SUP></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 19%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt double; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amount
    of<BR>
    Registration Fee<SUP>(2)</SUP></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
    Stock, $0.001 par value </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,500,000</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$3.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$7,500,000.00</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$933.75</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
                                         the event of a stock split, stock dividend, or similar transaction involving the Registrant&rsquo;s
                                         Common Stock, the number of shares registered hereby shall automatically be increased
                                         to cover the additional shares in accordance with Rule 416(a) under the Securities Act
                                         of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;Securities Act&rdquo;).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: Red"><B></B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Estimated
                                         solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(h) under
                                         the Securities Act, and is based upon the average of high and low sales prices of the
                                         Registrant&rsquo;s common stock on The NASDAQ Capital Market on June 11, 2018.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">EXPLANATORY
NOTE</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pacific
Ethanol, Inc. (referred to as &ldquo;we,&rdquo; &ldquo;us,&rdquo; and through similar terms) filed the following registration
statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission on Form S-8:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Registration
                                         No. 333-212070, filed on June 16, 2016 with respect to 1,150,000 shares of our common
                                         stock relating to our 2016 Stock Incentive Plan (the &ldquo;Plan&rdquo;).</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
amended the Plan in March 2018 to increase the number of shares covered by the Plan from 1,150,000 to 3,650,000 shares of common
stock. Our stockholders adopted and approved this increase at our 2018 annual meeting of stockholders held on June 14, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
Form S-8 is filed for the purpose of registering the additional 2,500,000 shares of common stock under the amended Plan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>PART
I</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>INFORMATION
REQUIRED IN THE SECTION 10(a) PROSPECTUS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
documents containing the information specified in Part I, Items 1 and 2, will be sent or given to each participant in accordance
with Form S-8 and Rule 428(b)(1) of the Securities Act. We will furnish without charge to each participant to whom information
is required to be delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of each document incorporated by reference in Part II, Item
3 of this registration statement, which documents are incorporated by reference in the Section&nbsp;10(a) prospectus, and any
other documents required to be delivered to them under Rule 428(b) of the Securities Act. Requests should be directed to Pacific
Ethanol, Inc., 400 Capitol Mall, Suite 2060, Sacramento, California 95814, Attention: Secretary. Our telephone number is (916)
403-2123.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PART
II</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>INFORMATION
REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ITEM
                          3.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Incorporation
                                         of Documents by Reference</U>.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
incorporate the following documents by reference in this registration statement:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
                                         current report on Form 8-K for June 14, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange
                                         Commission on June 14, 2018;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
                                         quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2018, as filed with
                                         the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 10, 2018;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
                                         current report on Form 8-K for May 8, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange
                                         Commission on May 8, 2018;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
                                         current report on Form 8-K for March 30, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange
                                         Commission on April 5, 2018;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
                                         annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, as filed with the Securities
                                         and Exchange Commission on March 15, 2018;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
                                         current report on Form 8-K for February 28, 2018, as filed with the Securities and Exchange
                                         Commission on February 28, 2018; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
                                         description of our capital stock contained in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with
                                         the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 13, 2017.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
reports and other documents we subsequently file after the date of this registration statement under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14
and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (&ldquo;Exchange Act&rdquo;), prior to the filing of a post-effective
amendment which indicates that all securities offered under this registration statement have been sold, or which deregisters all
securities then remaining unsold, shall be deemed incorporated by reference into this registration statement and shall be a part
of this registration statement from the date of filing such documents.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
purposes of this registration statement, any document or any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated
herein by reference shall be deemed to be modified or superseded to the extent that a subsequently filed document or a statement
contained herein or in any other subsequently filed document, which also is or is deemed to be incorporated herein by reference
modifies or supersedes such document or such statement in such document. Any statement so modified or superseded shall not be
deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this registration statement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Notwithstanding
the above, information that is &ldquo;furnished to&rdquo; the Securities and Exchange Commission shall not be deemed &ldquo;filed
with&rdquo; the Securities and Exchange Commission and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into this registration statement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ITEM
                          4.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Description
                                         of Securities</U>.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not
applicable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ITEM
                          5.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Interests
                                         of Named Experts and Counsel</U>.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not
applicable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ITEM
                          6.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Indemnification
                                         of Directors and Officers</U>.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Section
145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (&ldquo;DGCL&rdquo;) permits a corporation to indemnify its directors and officers
against expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred in connection with a pending
or completed action, suit or proceeding if the officer or director acted in good faith and in a manner the officer or director
reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the corporation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
certificate of incorporation provides that, except in certain specified instances, our directors shall not be personally liable
to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duty as directors, except liability for the following:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
                                         breach of their duty of loyalty to Pacific Ethanol or our stockholders;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">acts
                                         or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation
                                         of law;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">unlawful
                                         payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions as provided in Section
                                         174 of the DGCL; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
                                         transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws obligate us to indemnify our directors and officers against expenses and
other amounts reasonably incurred in connection with any proceeding arising from the fact that such person is or was an agent
of ours. Our bylaws also authorize us to purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any of our directors or officers against
any liability asserted against that person in that capacity, whether or not we would have the power to indemnify that person under
the provisions of the DGCL. We have entered and expect to continue to enter into agreements to indemnify our directors and officers
as determined by our board of directors. These agreements provide for indemnification of related expenses including attorneys&rsquo;
fees, judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by any of these individuals in any action or proceeding. We believe that
these bylaw provisions and indemnification agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified persons as directors and officers.
We also maintain directors&rsquo; and officers&rsquo; liability insurance.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
limitation of liability and indemnification provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may discourage stockholders
from bringing a lawsuit against our directors for breach of their fiduciary duty. They may also reduce the likelihood of derivative
litigation against our directors and officers, even though an action, if successful, might benefit us and our stockholders. Furthermore,
a stockholder&rsquo;s investment may be adversely affected to the extent that we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards
against directors and officers as required by these indemnification provisions. At present, there is no pending litigation or
proceeding involving any of our directors, officers or employees regarding which indemnification is sought, and we are not aware
of any threatened litigation that may result in claims for indemnification.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Insofar
as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers and controlling
persons under the foregoing provisions of our certificate of incorporation or bylaws, or otherwise, we have been informed that
in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission, this indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities
Act and is therefore unenforceable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ITEM
                          7.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Exemption
                                         from Registration Claimed</U>.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not
Applicable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 45pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal">ITEM
                          8.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: normal"><U>Exhibits</U>.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="7" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1px solid">Incorporation by Reference</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1px solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><B>Exhibit<BR>
    Number</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><B>Description</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><B>Form</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><B>File <BR>
    Number</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1px solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><B>Exhibit <BR>
    Number</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><B>Filing Date</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1px solid"><B>Filed <BR>
    Herewith</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0301.htm">4.1</A></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 20%"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0301.htm">Certificate of Incorporation</A></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: center">10-Q</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: center">000-21467</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: center">3.1</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: center">11/06/2015</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0302.htm">4.2</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0302.htm">Certificate of Designations, Powers, Preferences and Rights of the Series A Cumulative Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">10-Q</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">000-21467</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">3.2</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">11/06/2015</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0303.htm">4.3</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0303.htm">Certificate of Designations, Powers, Preferences and Rights of the Series B Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">10-Q</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">000-21467</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">3.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">11/06/2015</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0304.htm">4.4</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0304.htm">Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation dated June 3, 2010</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">10-Q</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">000-21467</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">3.4</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">11/06/2015</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0305.htm">4.5</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0305.htm">Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation dated June 8, 2011</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">10-Q</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">000-21467</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">3.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">11/06/2015</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0306.htm">4.6</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0306.htm">Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation dated May 14, 2013</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">10-Q</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">000-21467</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">3.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">11/06/2015</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0307.htm">4.7</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968715003940/paceth_10q-ex0307.htm">Certificate of Amendment to Certificate of Incorporation dated July 1, 2015</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">10-Q</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">000-21467</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">3.7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">11/06/2015</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968714004201/peix_10q-ex0301.htm">4.8</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000101968714004201/peix_10q-ex0301.htm">Amended and Restated Bylaws</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">10-Q</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">000-21467</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">3.1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">11/12/2014</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000168316817000940/paceth_s3-ex0409.htm">4.9</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000168316817000940/paceth_s3-ex0409.htm">Specimen Common Stock Certificate</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">S-3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">333-217323</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">4.9</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">04/14/2017</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="7" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1px solid">Incorporation by Reference</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1px solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; width: 14%; vertical-align: bottom">Exhibit&nbsp; <BR>
Number</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1px solid; width: 20%">Description</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1px solid; width: 12%">Form</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1px solid; width: 12%">File <BR>
Number</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1px solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; width: 12%">Exhibit <BR>
Number</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1px solid; width: 12%">Filing Date</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1px solid; width: 12%">Filed <BR>
Herewith</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 6pt; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000161577418003578/s110012_ex10-2.htm">4.10</A></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 6pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-top: 6pt"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000161577418003578/s110012_ex10-2.htm">2016 Stock Incentive Plan (as amended through June 14, 2018)</A></TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 6pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 6pt; vertical-align: top">10-Q</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 6pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 6pt; vertical-align: top">000-21467</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 6pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 6pt; vertical-align: top">10.2</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 6pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 6pt; vertical-align: top">05/10/2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-top: 6pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-top: 6pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000161577418001920/s109336_ex10-5.htm">4.11</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000161577418001920/s109336_ex10-5.htm">Form of Employee Restricted Stock Agreement under 2016 Stock Incentive Plan</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">10-K</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">000-21467</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">10.5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">03/15/2018</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000168316817000577/peix_ex1006.htm">4.12</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><A HREF="http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/778164/000168316817000577/peix_ex1006.htm">Form of Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Agreement under 2016 Stock Incentive Plan</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">10-K</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">000-21467</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">10.6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">03/15/2017</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="s110776_ex5-1.htm">5.1</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><A HREF="s110776_ex5-1.htm">Opinion of Troutman Sanders LLP</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">X</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="s110776_ex5-1.htm">23.1</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><A HREF="s110776_ex5-1.htm">Consent of Troutman Sanders LLP (contained in Exhibit 5.1)</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">X</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><A HREF="s110776_ex23-2.htm">23.2</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><A HREF="s110776_ex23-2.htm">Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</A></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">X</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">24.1</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Power of Attorney (contained on the signature page to this registration statement)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; vertical-align: top">X</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>



<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ITEM
                          9.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Undertakings</U>.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To
file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to the registration statement:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; text-indent: 0in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; text-indent: 0in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent
post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set
forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if
the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high
end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule
424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate
offering price set forth in the &ldquo;Calculation of Registration Fee&rdquo; table in the effective registration statement; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 1in; text-indent: 0in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement
or any material change to such information in the registration statement;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Provided,
however,</I> that paragraphs (1)(i) and (1)(ii) do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment
by those clauses is contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission by the Registrant
pursuant to Section 13 or Section&nbsp;15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference into the registration statement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;That,
for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be
a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall
be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;To
remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at
the termination of the offering.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing
of the Registrant&rsquo;s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section&nbsp;15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable,
each filing of an employee benefit plan&rsquo;s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated
by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered
therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Insofar
as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons
of the Registrant pursuant to the indemnification provisions summarized in Item 6 above, or otherwise, the Registrant has been
advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed
in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities
(other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant
in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection
with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by
controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against
public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SIGNATURES</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it
meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf
by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Sacramento, State of California, on this 14<SUP>th</SUP> day of
June, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">PACIFIC ETHANOL, INC.,<BR>
a Delaware corporation</TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 52%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">By:&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 45%">/s/ NEIL
M. KOEHLER</TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; border-top: #000000 1px solid">Neil
M. Koehler<BR>President
and Chief Executive Officer</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">POWER
OF ATTORNEY</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">KNOW
ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Neil M. Koehler his attorney-in-fact
and agent, with the power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place or stead, in any and all capacities,
to sign any amendment to this registration statement on Form S-8, and to file such amendments, together with exhibits and other
documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting to such attorney-in-fact and agent, full
power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises,
as fully as he might or could do in person, and ratifying and confirming all that the attorney-in-fact and agent, or his substitute
or substitutes, may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the
capacities and on the dates indicated.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Signature</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 38%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Title</U></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 18%; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Date</U></B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
WILLIAM L. JONES&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">William
        L. Jones</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chairman of the Board and Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">June 14, 2018</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
NEIL M. KOEHLER&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Neil
        M. Koehler</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">President, Chief Executive Officer (principal
    executive officer) and Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">June 14, 2018</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
BRYON T. MCGREGOR&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Bryon
        T. McGregor</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Financial Officer (principal financial
    and accounting officer)</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">June 14, 2018</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
MICHAEL D. KANDRIS&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Michael
        D. Kandris</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief Operating
    Officer and Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">June 14, 2018</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
TERRY L. STONE&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Terry
        L. Stone</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">June 14, 2018</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
JOHN L. PRINCE&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">John
        L. Prince</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">June 14, 2018</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
DOUGLAS L. KIETA&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Douglas
        L. Kieta</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">June 14, 2018</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
LARRY D. LAYNE&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Larry
        D. Layne</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.2in 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">June 14, 2018</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-5.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>s110776_ex5-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 5.1
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>Exhibit 5.1</B></P>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="img001_v1.jpg" ALT="()TROUTMAN SANDERS LOGO)"></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 25.9pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">TROUTMAN
                           SANDERS LLP&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.4in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.2in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Attorneys
        at Law&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.4in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.2in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5
        Park Plaza, Suite 1400&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.4in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.2in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Irvine,
        CA 92614-2545&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.4in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.2in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">949.622.2700
        telephone&nbsp;</FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.4in; text-align: right; text-indent: -0.2in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">troutmansanders.com&nbsp;</FONT></P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">June
14, 2018</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pacific
Ethanol, Inc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">400
Capitol Mall, Suite 2060<BR>
Sacramento, California 95814</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Re:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Registration
Statement on Form S-8</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Ladies
and Gentlemen:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: -0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
your request, we have examined the form of registration statement on Form S-8 (the &ldquo;Registration Statement&rdquo;) to be
filed by Pacific Ethanol, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;), with the Securities and Exchange Commission
(the &ldquo;Commission&rdquo;) pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;Act&rdquo;), for the purpose of
registering 2,500,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value per share, of the Company (the &ldquo;Shares&rdquo;), to be sold
by the Company upon the exercise of options or pursuant to awards to be granted by the Company under its 2016 Stock Incentive
Plan (as amended). The Shares will be offered and sold pursuant to the Company&rsquo;s Registration Statement to be filed with
the Commission. This opinion is being furnished in accordance with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under
the Act, and no opinion is expressed herein as to any matter pertaining to the contents of the Registration Statement or prospectus,
other than as to the validity of the Shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have examined such matters of fact and questions of law as we have considered appropriate for purposes of this letter. In our
examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals,
and the conformity to authentic original documents of all documents submitted to us as copies. We have also assumed that the Shares
will be evidenced by appropriate certificates that have been properly executed and delivered. With your consent, we have relied
upon the foregoing and upon certificates and other assurances of officers of the Company and others as to factual matters without
having independently verified such factual matters.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">You
have informed us that the Company may issue the Shares from time to time on a delayed or continuous basis. This opinion is limited
to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (&ldquo;DGCL&rdquo;), including the statutory provisions of the DGCL,
all applicable provisions of the Constitution of the State of Delaware and all reported judicial decisions interpreting these
laws, and federal law, exclusive of state securities and blue sky laws, rules and regulations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Subject
to the foregoing, it is our opinion that the Shares have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of the Company,
and, upon issuance of the Shares in accordance with the terms of the Plan, the Registration Statement, the terms of the Company&rsquo;s
certificate of incorporation and applicable law, and delivery and payment therefor, such Shares will be validly issued, fully
paid and nonassessable securities of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
opinion is for your benefit in connection with the Registration Statement and may be relied upon by you and by persons entitled
to rely upon it pursuant to the applicable provisions of federal securities laws. We consent to your filing this opinion as an
exhibit to the Registration Statement. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons
whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Respectfully
submitted,</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">/s/
TROUTMAN SANDERS LLP</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></P>



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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-23.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>s110776_ex23-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 23.2
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3in; text-align: right; text-indent: -3in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3in; text-align: right; text-indent: -3in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit
23.2</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3in; text-align: right; text-indent: -3in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Consent
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
consent to the incorporation by reference in this registration statement on Form S-8 of Pacific Ethanol, Inc. of our reports dated
March 15, 2018 relating to the consolidated financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting
of Pacific Ethanol, Inc., which appear in the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Pacific Ethanol, Inc. for the year ended December
31, 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">/s/
RSM US LLP</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Sioux
Falls, South Dakota</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">June
14, 2018</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
