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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Thousands | 3 Months Ended | 9 Months Ended
--- | --- | ---
Sep. 30, 2019 | Sep. 30, 2018 | Sep. 30, 2019 | Sep. 30, 2018
Income Statement [Abstract] |  |  |  |
Net sales | $ 365,160 | $ 370,407 | $ 1,067,264 | $ 1,180,956
Cost of goods sold | 379,976 | 366,639 | 1,080,398 | 1,175,099
Gross profit (loss) | (14,816) | 3,768 | (13,134) | 5,857
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 8,687 | 8,970 | 23,630 | 27,183
Loss from operations | (23,503) | (5,202) | (36,764) | (21,326)
Interest expense, net | (5,163) | (4,193) | (15,014) | (12,875)
Other income (expense), net | (407) | 91 | 254 | 233
Loss before benefit for income taxes | (29,073) | (9,304) | (51,524) | (33,968)
Benefit for income taxes |  |  |  | 563
Consolidated net loss | (29,073) | (9,304) | (51,524) | (33,405)
Net loss attributed to noncontrolling interests | 1,747 | 1,790 | 3,662 | 5,142
Net loss attributed to Pacific Ethanol, Inc. | (27,326) | (7,514) | (47,862) | (28,263)
Preferred stock dividends | (319) | (319) | (946) | (946)
Net loss available to common stockholders | $ (27,645) | $ (7,833) | $ (48,808) | $ (29,209)
Net loss per share, basic and diluted (in dollars per share) | $ (0.58) | $ (0.18) | $ (1.04) | $ (0.68)
Weighted-average shares outstanding, basic and diluted (in shares) | 47,777 | 43,299 | 47,030 | 43,171

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