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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2015
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
Reconciliation of Total Income Tax Provision
A reconciliation of the total income tax provision tax rate to the statutory federal income tax rate of 34% for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 is as follows:

  
2015
  
2014
  
2013
 
Income tax expense (benefit) at federal statutory rate
  
(34.00
)%
  
(34.00
)%
  
(34.00
)%
Income tax expense (benefit) at state statutory rate
  
(4.40
)%
  
(3.52
)%
  
(3.54
)%
Gain on previously held equity interest in joint venture
  
0.00
%
  
0.00
%
  
(7.02
)%
Mark to market permanent adjustment
  
(13.91
)%
  
(0.37
)%
  
(2.15
)%
Change in valuation allowance
  
(7.45
)%
  
27.12
%
  
80.13
%
Change in state rate
  
(0.09
)%
  
0.02
%
  
(1.01
)%
Permanent interest adjustments
  
6.25
%
  
4.17
%
  
0.00
%
Stock compensation  20.43%  
0.00
%  0.00
Transfer pricing  18.49  0.00  0.00
Debt refinance permanent adjustment
  
0.00
%
  
3.92
%
  
0.00
%
Acquired NOL’s/Intangibles from joint venture
  
0.00
%
  
0.00
%
  
(33.40
)%
Research credit
  
(2.37
)%
  
(0.74
)%
  
(3.75
)%
Foreign rate differential
  
0.69
%
  
0.00
%
  
2.48
%
NOLs expiring and adjustments to NOL
  
13.92
%
  
0.00
%
  
0.00
%
Other, net
  
2.44
%
  
3.40
%
  
2.26
%
   
0.00
%
  
0.00
%
  
0.00
%
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 are as follows:

  
2015
  
2014
 
Deferred tax assets:
      
Allowances and reserves
 
$
673,000
  
$
825,000
 
Accrued expenses
  
951,000
   
502,000
 
Deferred revenue and gain-on-sale
  
39,000
   
32,000
 
Stock based compensation
  
4,547,000
   
7,786,000
 
Net operating loss carryforwards
  
119,000,000
   
117,258,000
 
Income tax credit carryforwards
  
7,437,000
   
6,993,000
 
Property and equipment, principally due to differences in depreciation
  
683,000
   
926,000
 
Other,net
  
16,000
   
77,000
 
   
133,346,000
   
134,399,000
 
Valuation allowance
  
(131,187,000
)
  
(132,583,000
)
         
Total deferred tax assets, net of allowance
  
2,159,000
   
1,816,000
 
         
Deferred tax liabilities:
        
Intangibles
  
(2,159,000
)
  
(1,816,000
)
         
Total deferred tax liability
  
(2,159,000
)
  
(1,816,000
)
         
Net deferred tax assets (liability
 
$
  
$
 
Unrecognized Tax Benefits Activity
Following is a tabular reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits activity during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013:

  
2015
  
2014
  
2013
 
Unrecognized Tax Benefits – Beginning
 
$
1,852,000
  
$
1,723,000
  
$
1,394,000
 
Gross increases – tax positions in prior period
  
   
   
69,000
 
Gross decreases – tax positions in prior period
  
   
   
 
Gross increase – current-period tax positions
  
135,000
   
129,000
   
260,000
 
Settlements
  
   
   
 
Lapse of statute of limitations
  
   
   
 
Unrecognized Tax Benefits – Ending
 
$
1,987,000
  
$
1,852,000
  
$
1,723,000