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Financial Instruments
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2019
Investments All Other Investments [Abstract]  
Financial Instruments

10.

Financial Instruments

We disclose fair value information about all financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the balance sheet, for which it is practicable to estimate fair value. The disclosures of estimated fair value of financial instruments at September 30, 2019, and as of December 31, 2018, were determined using available market information and appropriate valuation methods. Considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data and develop estimated fair value. The use of different market assumptions or estimation methods may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

The carrying amounts for cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. Further, based on the borrowing rates currently available for loans with similar terms, we believe the fair value of long-term debt approximates its carrying value.

Fair value measurements are market-based measurements, not entity-specific measurements.  Therefore, fair value measurements are determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.  We follow a three-level hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in the valuation techniques to derive fair values.  The basis for fair value measurements for each level within the hierarchy is described below:

 

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

Level 2: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable in active markets.

 

Level 3: Valuations derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs are unobservable in active markets.

The changes in the fair value of liability classified warrants are included in net income (loss) for the respective periods.  Because some of the inputs to our valuation model are either not observable or are not derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means, the warrant liability is classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.