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Term Loan Obligations

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2020

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Term Loan Obligations

5.	Term Loan Obligations

On May 29, 2015, the Company entered into the Loan and Security Agreement, dated May 29, 2015, with Oxford (the “Loan and Security Agreement”), pursuant to which it funded an aggregate principal amount of $17.7 million (“Term Loan”), subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Loan and Security Agreement. The Term Loan accrues interest at a floating rate of at least 8.95% per annum, comprised of three-month LIBOR rate with a floor of 1.00% plus 7.95%. Pursuant to the Loan and Security Agreement, we were previously required to make interest only payments through June 1, 2016 and thereafter we were required to make payments of principal and accrued interest in equal monthly installments sufficient to amortize the Term Loan through June 1, 2019, the maturity date. On February 23, 2016, we received an acknowledgement and agreement from Oxford related to the positive data on our U.S. ACT-OA clinical trial. As a result, pursuant to the Loan and Security Agreement, the period for which we are required to make interest-only payments was extended from July 1, 2016 to January 1, 2017. All unpaid principal and interest with respect to the Term Loan is due and payable in full on June 1, 2019. At maturity of the Term Loan, or earlier repayment in full following voluntary prepayment or upon acceleration, we are required to make a final payment in an aggregate amount equal to approximately $1.1 million. In connection with the Term Loan, on May 29, 2015, we issued to Oxford warrants to purchase an aggregate of 188 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $5,175 per share. These warrants became exercisable as of November 30, 2015 and will expire on May 29, 2025 and, following the authoritative accounting guidance, are equity classified and its respective fair value was recorded as a discount to the debt.

In September 2017 and June 2018, the Company entered into two amendments to the Term Loan which extended the interest-only period, and the Company agreed to pay Oxford an amendment fee of $250,000 at the earlier of maturity or acceleration of the loan.

On August 31, 2018, the Company entered into a third amendment (the “Third Amendment”) to the Term Loan with Oxford. The Third Amendment extends requires that the Company pay to Oxford, in accordance with its pro rata share of the loans, 75% of all proceeds received (i) from the issuance and sale of unsecured subordinated convertible debt, (ii) in connection with a joint venture, collaboration or other partnering transaction, (iii) in connection with any licenses, (iv) from dividends (other than non-cash dividends from wholly owned subsidiaries) and (v) from the sale of any assets (such requirement, the “Prepayment Requirement”). The Prepayment Requirement does not apply to proceeds from the sale and issuance of the Company’s equity securities, other than convertible debt. The Prepayment Requirement shall apply until an aggregate principle amount of $7.0 million has been paid pursuant to the Prepayment Requirement. However, if less than $7.0 million has been paid pursuant to the Prepayment Requirement on December 31, 2018 then the Company is required to promptly make additional payments until an aggregate principal amount of $7.0 million has been paid.

On December 31, 2018, the Company entered into a fourth amendment (the “Fourth Amendment”) to the Term Loan with Oxford, which increased the minimum liquidity covenant level from $1.5 million to $2.0 million.

On February and March 2019, the Company entered into a fifth amendment and a sixth amendment to the Term Loan which primarily extended the interest only period to March 29, 2019. On April 29, 2019, the Company entered into a seventh amendment (the “Seventh Amendment”) to the Term Loan, pursuant to which, among other things, Oxford agreed to interest only payments starting May 1, 2019, with amortization payments resuming on May 1, 2020. In April 2019, the Company repaid $3.1 million of total principal using the proceeds received from sale of the Company’s former UK and Japan subsidiaries as described in Note 1.

On March 29, 2020, the Company entered into the Ninth Amendment of the Loan and Security Agreement (“Ninth Amendment”), pursuant to which Oxford agreed to defer the start date of principal repayment from May 1, 2020 to May 1, 2021. In addition, pursuant to the Ninth Amendment, on April 1, 2020, the Company made a $5.0 million paydown of principal upon execution of the Ninth Amendment. After giving effect to this payment, there is $4.3 million of principal outstanding under the Loan Agreement. As a result of this Ninth Amendment, the term of the Term Loan has been extended from June 1, 2021 to June 1, 2024. In addition, an amendment fee of $1.3 million will be payable in connection with the Amendment at the earlier of the maturity date, acceleration of the loans and the making of certain prepayments. All other major terms remained consistent.

Under authoritative guidance, the Ninth Amendment does not meet the criteria to be accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring. In addition, the Company performed a quantitative analysis and determined that the terms of the new debt and original debt instrument are not substantially different. Accordingly, the Ninth Amendment is accounted for as debt modification. A new effective interest that equates the revised cash flows to the carrying amount of the original debt is computed and applied prospectively.

The Term Loan, as amended, is collateralized by a security interest in substantially all of the Company’s existing and subsequently acquired assets, including its intellectual property assets, subject to certain exceptions set forth in the Loan and Security Agreement, as amended. The intellectual property asset collateral will be released upon the Company achieving certain liquidity level when the total principal outstanding under the Loan and Security Agreement is less than $3 million. As of March 31, 2020, we were in compliance with all of the debt covenants under the Loan and Security Agreement.

The Company’s interest expense for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and 2019 was $0.3 million and $0.5 million, respectively. Interest expense is calculated using the effective interest method, therefore it is inclusive of non-cash amortization in the amount of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020 and $0.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2019, related to the amortization of the debt discount, capitalized loan costs, and accretion of final payment.

The Loan and Security Agreement, as amended, contains customary indemnification obligations and customary events of default, including, among other things, our failure to fulfill certain obligations under the Term Loan, as amended, and the occurrence of a material adverse change, which is defined as a material adverse change in our business, operations, or condition (financial or otherwise), a material impairment of the prospect of repayment of any portion of the loan. In the event of default by the Company or a declaration of material adverse change by its lender, under the Term Loan, the lender would be entitled to exercise its remedies thereunder, including the right to accelerate the debt, upon which we may be required to repay all amounts then outstanding under the Term Loan, which could materially harm the Company’s financial condition. As of March 31, 2020, the Company has not received any notification or indication from Oxford to invoke the material adverse change clause. However, due to the Company’s current cash flow position and the substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern, the entire principal amount of the Term Loan is presented as short-term. The Company will continue to evaluate the debt classification on a quarterly basis and evaluate for reclassification in the future should its financial condition improve.