<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001193125-21-277718.txt : 20210921
<SEC-HEADER>0001193125-21-277718.hdr.sgml : 20210921
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20210921060502
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001193125-21-277718
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		14
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20210915
ITEM INFORMATION:		Material Modifications to Rights of Security Holders
ITEM INFORMATION:		Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20210921
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20210921

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			PLUS THERAPEUTICS, INC.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001095981
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	SURGICAL & MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS & APPARATUS [3841]
		IRS NUMBER:				330827593
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-34375
		FILM NUMBER:		211264777

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		4200 MARATHON BLVD.
		STREET 2:		SUITE 200
		CITY:			AUSTIN
		STATE:			TX
		ZIP:			78756
		BUSINESS PHONE:		737.255.7194

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		4200 MARATHON BLVD.
		STREET 2:		SUITE 200
		CITY:			AUSTIN
		STATE:			TX
		ZIP:			78756

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	CYTORI THERAPEUTICS, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20050712

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	MACROPORE INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20010320
</SEC-HEADER>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left">Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left">Soliciting material pursuant to Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">14a-12</span> under the Exchange Act (17 CFR <span style="white-space:nowrap">240.14a-12)</span></p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left"><span style="white-space:nowrap">Pre-commencement</span> communications pursuant to Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">14d-2(b)</span> under the Exchange Act (17 CFR <span style="white-space:nowrap">240.14d-2(b))</span></p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="width:4%;vertical-align:top"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;text-align:left"><span style="white-space:nowrap">Pre-commencement</span> communications pursuant to Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">13e-4(c)</span> under the Exchange Act (17 CFR <span style="white-space:nowrap">240.13e-4(c))</span></p></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-top:10pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Securities registered pursuant to Section&#160;12(b) of the Act:</p> <p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style=" text-align: center;margin:auto; border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom;white-space:nowrap"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">Title of each class</p></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style=" text-align: center;margin:auto; border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">Trading</p> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">Symbol(s)</p></td>
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<td style=" text-align: center;margin:auto; border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">Name of each exchange</p> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">on which registered</p></td></tr>
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<td style=" text-align: center;margin:auto; vertical-align:top"><span style="font-weight:bold"><ix:nonNumeric name="dei:TradingSymbol" contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">PSTV</ix:nonNumeric></span></td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style=" text-align: center;margin:auto; vertical-align:top"><span style="font-weight:bold"> <span style=" -sec-ix-hidden:Hidden_dei_SecurityExchangeName">The Nasdaq Capital Market</span> </span></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-top:10pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;&#160;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule <span style="white-space:nowrap">12b-2</span> of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 <span style="white-space:nowrap">(&#167;&#160;240.12b-2</span> of this chapter).</p> <p style="margin-top:10pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Emerging growth company <ix:nonNumeric name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15" format="ixt-sec:boolballotbox">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></p> <p style="margin-top:10pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section&#160;13(a) of the Exchange Act. &#9744;</p> <p style="font-size:10pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p> <p style="line-height:1.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000">&#160;</p> <p style="line-height:3.0pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:2pt;border-bottom:1px solid #000000">&#160;</p></div></div>

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<td style="width:10%;vertical-align:top" align="left"><span style="font-weight:bold">Item&#160;3.03</span></td>
<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left">Material Modifications to Rights of Security Holders. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The description of the Amended and Restated Bylaws (as defined below) included under Item 5.03 of this Current Report on Form <span style="white-space:nowrap">8-K</span> is incorporated into this Item 3.03 by reference. </p> <p style="font-size:18pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="width:10%;vertical-align:top" align="left"><span style="font-weight:bold">Item&#160;5.03</span></td>
<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left">Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold"><span style="font-style:italic">Certificate of Elimination </span></p> <p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">On September&#160;20, 2021, Plus Therapeutics, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) eliminated its Series A Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the &#8220;Series A Preferred Stock), through the filing of a Certificate of Elimination of the Series A Preferred Stock (the &#8220;Certificate of Elimination&#8221;) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. The effect of the Certificate of Elimination under the Delaware General Corporation Law is to eliminate from the Company&#8217;s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation all matters set forth in the Certificates of Designation related to the Series A Preferred Stock. None of the authorized shares of the Series A Preferred Stock were outstanding as of September&#160;20, 2021. </p> <p style="margin-top:18pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold"><span style="font-style:italic">Amended and Restated Bylaws </span></p> <p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">On September&#160;15, 2021, the Company&#8217;s board of directors (the &#8220;Board&#8221;) approved the Company&#8217;s Amended and Restated Bylaws, effective September&#160;15, 2021 (as amended, the &#8220;Amended and Restated Bylaws&#8221;). The Amended and Restated Bylaws include updates to various provisions of the Company&#8217;s previous bylaws (the &#8220;Prior Bylaws&#8221;) including, but not limited to, the following material updates: </p> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:left"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Stockholder Proposals</span>: Under Section&#160;2.2 of the Prior Bylaws, stockholders could only bring business before the Company&#8217;s annual meeting of stockholders if properly brought before the meeting. For a stockholder to properly bring business before an annual meeting, the stockholder must give timely notice to the Secretary of the Corporation. The Amended and Restated Bylaws do not change the requirement that business be properly brought before an annual meeting but Sections <span style="white-space:nowrap">2.3-2.5</span> of the Amended and Restated Bylaws do expand and specify the requirements to be properly brought before an annual meeting, including how to give timely notice. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:left"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Director Resignation</span>: Section&#160;3.2 of the Amended and Restated Bylaws provides that incumbent directors that are up for <span style="white-space:nowrap">re-election</span> must submit their resignation to the Board if a majority of the votes cast are against his reelection. Under the Prior Bylaws, there was no such requirement. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:left"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Director Removal</span>: Section&#160;3.4 of the Amended and Restated Bylaws provides that directors may be removed for cause by the holders of not less than <span style="white-space:nowrap">sixty-six</span> and <span style="white-space:nowrap">two-thirds</span> percent <span style="white-space:nowrap">(66-2/3%)</span> of the voting power of the capital stock issued and outstanding then entitled to vote at an election of directors. This updates Section&#160;3.3 of the Prior Bylaws which provided that directors may be removed, with or without cause, by the holders of at least a majority of the shares entitled to vote at an election of directors. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="width:2%;vertical-align:top" align="left">&#8226;</td>
<td style="width:1%;vertical-align:top">&#160;</td>
<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:left"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Indemnification</span>: Article 6 of the Amended and Restated Bylaws expand and clarify the scope and procedures of the indemnification provision that was provided under Article 6 of the Prior Bylaws. Under Article 6 of the Amended and Restated Bylaws, the Company&#8217;s directors and officers of the Company shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law against all expense, liability, and loss reasonably incurred or suffered by such individual in any action, suit, or proceeding to which such person is a party. Further, under such provision, an indemnitee shall have the right to be paid by the corporation, the expenses (including attorney&#8217;s fees) incurred in defending any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="width:1%">&#160;</td>
<td style="width:2%;vertical-align:top" align="left">&#8226;</td>
<td style="width:1%;vertical-align:top">&#160;</td>
<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:left"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Exclusive Forum</span>: Article 9 of the Amended and Restated Bylaws to provide that the federal district courts of the United States are designated as the exclusive jurisdiction for any litigation arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Under the Prior Bylaws, there was no such provision establishing a federal forum for the Company. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td style="width:2%;vertical-align:top" align="left">&#8226;</td>
<td style="width:1%;vertical-align:top">&#160;</td>
<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt;text-align:left"><span style="text-decoration:underline">Amendments</span>: Article 10 of the Amended and Restated Bylaws provides the holders of at least <span style="white-space:nowrap">sixty-six</span> and <span style="white-space:nowrap">two-thirds</span> percent <span style="white-space:nowrap">(66-2/3%)</span> of the voting power of the shares of the capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote in the election of directors, voting as one class may adopt, amend or repeal the Amended and Restated Bylaws. Under the Prior Bylaws, there was no such requirement. </p></td></tr></table>
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 <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">The foregoing description of the Amended and Restated Bylaws and Certificate of Elimination does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Amended and Restated Bylaws and Certificate of Elimination attached hereto as Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2, respectively, which are incorporated into this Item 5.03 by reference. </p> <p style="font-size:18pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td align="left" style="vertical-align:top"> <p style=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:left">Financial Statements and Exhibits. </p></td></tr></table> <p style="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:2%; text-indent:-2%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold">(d) Exhibits. </p> <p style="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p>
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<td align="center" style="border-bottom:1.00pt solid #000000;vertical-align:bottom"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:8pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">Description</p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap">3.1</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"><a href="d164672dex31.htm">Amended and Restated Bylaws of Plus Therapeutics, Inc. </a></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap">3.2</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:top"><a href="d164672dex32.htm">Certificate of Elimination of Series A Preferred Stock. </a></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top;white-space:nowrap">104</td>
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 <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman;font-weight:bold;text-align:center">SIGNATURES </p> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized. </p> <p style="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Date: September&#160;21, 2021 </p> <p style="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&#160;</p><div>
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<td style="vertical-align:top" colspan="3"><span style="font-weight:bold">PLUS THERAPEUTICS, INC.</span></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:top">By:</td>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom;white-space:nowrap"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; border-bottom:1px solid #000000; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Marc H. Hedrick, M.D.</p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;white-space:nowrap"> <p style="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Marc H. Hedrick, M.D.</p></td></tr>
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<td style="vertical-align:bottom">&#160;</td>
<td style="vertical-align:bottom;white-space:nowrap">President and Chief Executive Officer</td></tr>
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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 3.1 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>AMENDED AND RESTATED </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>BYLAWS </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>OF </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>PLUS THERAPEUTICS, INC. </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>(As of September 15, 2021) </B></P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>TABLE OF CONTENTS </B></P>
<P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE 1 Offices</P></TD>
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<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">4</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">1.1&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Registered Office</P></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">4</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">1.2&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Other Offices</P></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">4</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE 2 Meeting of Stockholders</P></TD>
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<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">4</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.1&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Place of Meeting</P></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">4</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.2&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Annual Meeting</P></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">4</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.3&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Advance Notice of Business to be Brought before a Meeting</P></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">5</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.4&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Advance Notice of Nominations for Election of Directors at a
Meeting</P></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">8</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.5&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Additional Requirements for Valid Nomination of Candidates to Serve as
Directors and, if Elected, to be Seated as Directors</P></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">10</TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.6&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Special Meetings</P></TD>
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<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">12</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.7&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Notice of Meetings</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">12</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.8&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;List of Stockholders</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">12</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.9&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Organization and Conduct of Business</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">12</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.10&#8195;&#8201;Quorum</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">13</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.11&#8195;&#8201;Adjournments</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">13</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.12&#8195;&#8201;Voting Rights</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">13</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.13&#8195;&#8201;Majority Vote</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">13</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.14&#8195;&#8201;Record Date for Stockholder Notice and Voting</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">13</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.15&#8195;&#8201;Proxies</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">14</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.16&#8195;&#8201;Inspectors of Election</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">14</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.17&#8195;&#8201;No Action Without a Meeting</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">14</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="3"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE 3 Directors</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">15</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.1&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Number, Election, Tenure and Qualifications</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">15</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.2&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Director Nominations</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">15</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.3&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Enlargement and Vacancies</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">15</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.4&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Resignation and Removal</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">15</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.5&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Powers</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">16</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.6&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Chairman of the Board of Directors</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">16</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.7&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Place of Meetings</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">16</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.8&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Regular Meetings</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">16</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.9&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Special Meetings</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">16</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.10&#8195;&#8201;Quorum, Action at Meeting, Adjournments</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">16</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.11&#8195;&#8201;Action Without Meeting</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">17</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.12&#8195;&#8201;Telephone Meetings</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">17</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.13&#8195;&#8201;Committees</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">17</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.14&#8195;&#8201;Fees and Compensation of Directors</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">17</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.15&#8195;&#8201;Waiver of Notice</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">17</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-i- </P>

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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


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<TD WIDTH="3%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
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<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE 4 Officers </P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">18</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.1&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Officers Designated</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">18</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.2&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Election</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">18</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.3&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Tenure</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">18</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.4&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;The Chief Executive Officer</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">18</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.5&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;The President</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">18</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.6&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;The Vice President</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">19</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.7&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;The Secretary</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">19</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.8&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;The Assistant Secretary</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">19</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.9&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;The Chief Financial Officer</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">19</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.10&#8195;&#8201;The Treasurer and Assistant Treasurers</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">20</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.11&#8195;&#8201;Bond</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">20</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.12&#8195;&#8201;Delegation of Authority</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">20</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="3"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE 5 Notices </P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">20</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">5.1&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Delivery</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">20</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">5.2&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Waiver of Notice</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">20</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="3"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE 6 Indemnification of Directors and Officers </P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">21</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.1&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Right to Indemnification</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">21</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.2&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Right to Advancement of Expenses</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">21</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.3&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Right of Indemnitee to Bring Suit</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">22</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">6.4&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Non-Exclusivity</FONT> of
Rights</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">22</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.5&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Insurance</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">23</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.6&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Indemnification of Employees and Agents of the Corporation</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">23</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.7&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Nature of Rights</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">23</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.8&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Severability</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">23</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="3"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE 7 Capital Stock </P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">23</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7.1&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Certificates for Shares</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">23</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7.2&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Signatures on Certificates</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">24</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7.3&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Transfer of Stock</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">24</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7.4&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Registered Stockholders</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">24</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7.5&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Lost, Stolen, or Destroyed Certificates</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">24</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="3"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE 8 General Provisions </P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">25</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">8.1&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Dividends</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">25</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">8.2&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Checks</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">25</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">8.3&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Corporate Seal</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">25</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">8.4&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Execution of Corporate Contracts and Instruments</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">25</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">8.5&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Representation of Shares of Other Corporations</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">25</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-ii- </P>

</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always">
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" ALIGN="center">


<TR>

<TD WIDTH="3%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="93%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom" WIDTH="1%"></TD>
<TD></TD>
<TD></TD>
<TD></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="3"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>

<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE 9 Forum for Adjudication of Disputes</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">26</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="2"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">9.1&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Exclusive Forum; Delaware Chancery Court</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">26</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:3.00em; text-indent:-3.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">9.2&#8195;&#8194;&#8201;Exclusive Forum; Federal District Courts</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">26</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="3"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="8" COLSPAN="4"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">ARTICLE 10 Amendments</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom" ALIGN="right">26</TD>
<TD NOWRAP VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:18pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-iii- </P>

</DIV></Center>


<p style="margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:0em; page-break-before:always">
<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>AMENDED AND RESTATED </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>B Y L A W S </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>OF </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>PLUS THERAPEUTICS, INC. </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>(a Delaware corporation) </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE 1 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Offices </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">1.1 <U>Registered Office</U>. The registered office of Plus Therapeutics, Inc. shall be set forth in the certificate of
incorporation of the corporation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">1.2 <U>Other Offices</U>. The corporation may also have offices at such other places,
either within or without the State of Delaware, as the board of directors of the corporation (the &#147;<B><I>Board</I></B><B><I>&nbsp;of Directors</I></B>&#148;) may from time to time designate, or the business of the corporation may require. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:12pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE 2 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Meeting of
Stockholders </U></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.1 <U>Place of Meeting</U>. Meetings of stockholders may be held at such place, either within or
without the State of Delaware, as may be designated by or in the manner provided in these bylaws, or, if not so designated, at the principal executive offices of the corporation. The Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, (a)&nbsp;determine
that a meeting of stockholders shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication, or (b)&nbsp;permit participation by stockholders at such meeting by means of remote communication as authorized by
Section&nbsp;211(a)(2) of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the &#147;<B><I>DGCL</I></B>&#148;). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.2 <U>Annual
Meeting</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) Annual meetings of stockholders shall be held each year at such date and time as shall be designated from time to time
by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting. Except as otherwise provided in the certificate of incorporation, at each such annual meeting, the stockholders shall elect the Board of Directors and transact such other business as
may properly be brought before the meeting. Except as otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation of the corporation or applicable law, the Board of Directors may postpone, reschedule or cancel any annual meeting of stockholders. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.3 <U>Advance Notice of Business to be Brought before a Meeting</U>. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been &#147;properly brought&#148; before the
meeting. To be properly brought before the annual meeting, business must be (i)&nbsp;specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (ii)&nbsp;otherwise properly brought before
the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or (iii)&nbsp;otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder of record. A motion related to business proposed to be brought before any stockholders&#146; meeting may be
made by any stockholder entitled to vote if the business proposed is otherwise proper to be brought before the meeting. However, any such stockholder may propose business to be brought before a meeting only if such stockholder has given timely
notice to the Secretary of the corporation in proper written form of the stockholder&#146;s intent to propose such business. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) Without
qualification, for business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must (i)&nbsp;provide Timely Notice (as defined below) thereof in writing and in &#147;proper form&#148; to the Secretary of the
corporation and (ii)&nbsp;provide any updates or supplements to such notice at the time and in the forms required by this Section&nbsp;2.3. To be timely, the stockholder&#146;s notice must be delivered to, or mailed and received at, the principal
executive offices of the corporation not more than one hundred twenty (120)&nbsp;days nor less than ninety (90)&nbsp;days in advance of the anniversary of the date of the corporation&#146;s proxy statement provided in connection with the previous
year&#146;s annual meeting of stockholders;<I>&nbsp;provided, however</I>, that in the event that no annual meeting was held in the previous year or the coming annual meeting is called for a date that is more than thirty (30)&nbsp;days before or
after the date contemplated in the proxy statement provided in connection with the previous year&#146;s annual meeting,<B></B>&nbsp;notice by the stockholder must be received by the Secretary of the corporation not later than the close of business
on the later of (x)&nbsp;the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such annual meeting and (y)&nbsp;the tenth (10th) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made (such notice within such time periods,
&#147;<B><I>Timely Notice</I></B>&#148;). For the purposes of these bylaws, &#147;<B><I>public announcement</I></B>&#148; shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or a comparable national news
service or in a document publicly filed by the corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time
period) for the giving of a stockholder&#146;s notice as described above. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) To be in proper form for purposes of this
Section&nbsp;2.3(b), a stockholder&#146;s notice to the Secretary of the corporation shall set forth: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i) As to each
Proposing Person (as defined below), (1) the name and address of such Proposing Person (including, if applicable, the name and address that appears on the corporation&#146;s books and records); and (2)&nbsp;the number of shares of each class or
series of stock of the corporation that are, directly or indirectly, owned of record or beneficially owned (within the meaning of Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">13d-3</FONT> under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the &#147;<B><I>Exchange
Act</I></B>&#148;)) by such Proposing Person, except that such Proposing Person shall in all events be deemed to beneficially own any shares of any class or series of stock of the corporation as to which such Proposing Person has a right to acquire
beneficial ownership at any time in the future (the disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (1)&nbsp;and (2)&nbsp;are referred to as &#147;<B><I>Stockholder Information</I></B>&#148;); </P>
<P STYLE="font-size:6pt; margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii) As to each Proposing Person, (1)&nbsp;the full notional amount of any
securities that, directly or indirectly, underlie any &#147;<B><I>derivative security</I></B>&#148; (as such term is defined in Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">16a-1(c)</FONT> under the Exchange Act) that constitutes a &#147;<B><I>call
equivalent position</I></B>&#148; (as such term is defined in Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">16a-1(b)</FONT> under the Exchange Act) (&#147;<B><I>Synthetic Equity Position</I></B>&#148;) and that is, directly or indirectly, held or maintained
by such Proposing Person with respect to any shares of any class or series of stock of the corporation;<I>&nbsp;provided</I>&nbsp;that, for the purposes of the definition of &#147;Synthetic Equity Position,&#148; the term &#147;derivative
security&#148; shall also include any security or instrument that would not otherwise constitute a &#147;derivative security&#148; as a result of any feature that would make any conversion, exercise or similar right or privilege of such security or
instrument determinable only at some future date or upon the happening of a future occurrence, in which case the determination of the amount of securities into which such security or instrument would be convertible or exercisable shall be made
assuming that such security or instrument is immediately convertible or exercisable at the time of such determination; and,<I>&nbsp;provided</I>,<I>&nbsp;further</I>, that any Proposing Person satisfying the requirements of Rule <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">13d-1(b)(1)</FONT> under the Exchange Act (other than a Proposing Person that so satisfies Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">13d-1(b)(1)</FONT> under the Exchange Act solely by reason of Rule <FONT
STYLE="white-space:nowrap">13d-1(b)(1)(ii)(E))</FONT> shall not be deemed to hold or maintain the notional amount of any securities that underlie a Synthetic Equity Position held by such Proposing Person as a hedge with respect to a bona fide
derivatives trade or position of such Proposing Person arising in the ordinary course of such Proposing Person&#146;s business as a derivatives dealer, (2)&nbsp;any rights to dividends on the shares of any class or series of stock of the corporation
owned beneficially by such Proposing Person that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the corporation, (3)&nbsp;any material pending or threatened legal proceeding in which such Proposing Person is a party or material participant
involving the corporation or any of its officers or directors, or any affiliate of the corporation, (4)&nbsp;any other material relationship between such Proposing Person, on the one hand, and the corporation or any affiliate of the corporation, on
the other hand, (5)&nbsp;any direct or indirect material interest in any material contract or agreement of such Proposing Person with the corporation or any affiliate of the corporation (including, in any such case, any employment agreement,
collective bargaining agreement or consulting agreement), (6) a representation that such Proposing Person intends or is part of a group which intends to deliver a proxy statement or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the
corporation&#146;s outstanding capital stock required to approve or adopt the proposal or otherwise solicit proxies from stockholders in support of such proposal<B></B>&nbsp;and (7)&nbsp;any other information relating to such Proposing Person that
would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies or consents by such Proposing Person in support of the business proposed to be brought before the meeting pursuant
to Section&nbsp;14(a) of the Exchange Act (the disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (1)&nbsp;through (7)&nbsp;are referred to as &#147;<B><I>Disclosable Interests</I></B>&#148;);<I>&nbsp;provided</I>,<I>&nbsp;however</I>, that
Disclosable Interests shall not include any such disclosures with respect to the ordinary course business activities of any broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee who is a Proposing Person solely as a result of being the
stockholder directed to prepare and submit the notice required by these bylaws on behalf of a beneficial owner; and </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii) As to each item of business that the stockholder proposes to bring
before the annual meeting, (1)&nbsp;a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting and any material interest in such business of each Proposing
Person, (2)&nbsp;the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend the bylaws, the language of the proposed amendment), (3) a
reasonably detailed description of all agreements, arrangements and understandings (x)&nbsp;between or among any of the Proposing Persons or (y)&nbsp;between or among any Proposing Person and any other record or beneficial holder(s) or person(s) who
have a right to acquire beneficial ownership at any time in the future of the shares of any class or series of stock of the corporation or other person or entity (including the names of such other holder(s), person(s) or entity(ies)) in connection
with the proposal of such business by such stockholder and (4)&nbsp;any other information relating to such item of business that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filing required to be made in connection with
solicitations of proxies in support of the business proposed to be brought before the meeting pursuant to Section&nbsp;14(a) of the Exchange Act;<I>&nbsp;provided</I>,<I>&nbsp;however</I>, that the disclosures required by this Section&nbsp;2.3(c)
shall not include any disclosures with respect to any broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee who is a Proposing Person solely as a result of being the stockholder directed to prepare and submit the notice required by these
bylaws on behalf of a beneficial owner. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) For purposes of this Section&nbsp;2.3, the term &#147;<B><I>Proposing Person</I></B>&#148;
shall mean (i)&nbsp;the stockholder providing the notice of business proposed to be brought before an annual meeting, (ii)&nbsp;the beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if different, on whose behalf the notice of the business proposed to be
brought before the annual meeting is made and (iii)&nbsp;any participant (as defined in paragraphs (a)(ii)-(vi) of Instruction 3 to Item 4 of Schedule 14A) with such stockholder in such solicitation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e) A Proposing Person shall update and supplement its notice to the corporation of its intent to propose business at an annual meeting, if
necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this Section&nbsp;2.3 shall be true and correct as of the record date for stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting and as of the date that is ten
(10)&nbsp;business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation
(i)&nbsp;not later than five (5)&nbsp;business days after the record date for stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of such record date), and (ii)&nbsp;not later than eight
(8)&nbsp;business days prior to the date for the meeting or, if practicable, any adjournment or postponement thereof (and, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior to the date to which the meeting has been adjourned or postponed) (in
the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10)&nbsp;business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof). For the avoidance of doubt, the obligation to update and supplement as set forth in this
paragraph or any other Section of these bylaws shall not limit the corporation&#146;s rights with respect to any deficiencies in any notice provided by a stockholder, extend any applicable deadlines hereunder or enable or be deemed to permit a
stockholder who has previously submitted notice hereunder to amend or update any proposal or to submit any new proposal, including by changing or adding matters, business or resolutions proposed to be brought before a meeting of the stockholders.
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(f) Notwithstanding anything in these bylaws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted
at an annual meeting that is not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with this Section&nbsp;2.3. The presiding person of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine that the business was not properly brought before the meeting
in accordance with this Section&nbsp;2.3, and if he or she should so determine, he or she shall so declare to the meeting and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(g) This Section&nbsp;2.3 is expressly intended to apply to any business proposed to be brought before an annual meeting of stockholders other
than any proposal made in accordance with Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8</FONT> under the Exchange Act and included in the corporation&#146;s proxy statement. In addition to the requirements of this Section&nbsp;2.3 with respect to any
business proposed to be brought before an annual meeting, each Proposing Person shall comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act with respect to any such business. Nothing in this Section&nbsp;2.3 shall be deemed to affect the
rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the corporation&#146;s proxy statement pursuant to Rule <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">14a-8</FONT> under the Exchange Act. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(h) The Chairman of the Board of Directors (or such other person presiding at the meeting in accordance with these bylaws) shall, if the facts
warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that business was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Section&nbsp;2.3, and if he or she should so determine, he or she shall so declare to the meeting and
any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.4 <U>Advance Notice of Nominations
for Election of Directors at a Meeting</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a) Subject to the rights, if any, of holders of preferred stock to vote separately to elect
directors, nominations of any person for election to the Board of Directors at an annual meeting or at a special meeting (but, in the case of a special meeting, only if the election of directors is a matter specified in the notice of meeting given
by or at the direction of the person calling such special meeting) may be made at such meeting only (i)&nbsp;by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, including by any committee or persons authorized to do so by the Board of Directors or
these bylaws, or (ii)&nbsp;by a stockholder present in person who (A)&nbsp;was a stockholder of record of the corporation (and with respect to any beneficial owner, if different, on whose behalf such nomination is proposed to be made, only if such
beneficial owner was the beneficial owner of shares of the corporation) both at the time of giving the notice provided for in Section&nbsp;2.4(b) and at the time of the meeting, (B)&nbsp;is entitled to vote at the meeting and (C)&nbsp;has complied
with this Section&nbsp;2.4 and Section&nbsp;2.5 as to such notice and nomination.&nbsp;The foregoing clause (ii)&nbsp;shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make any nomination of a Person or Persons for election to the Board of Directors
at any annual meeting or special meeting of stockholders. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) Without qualification, for a stockholder to make any nomination of a person
or persons for election to the Board of Directors at an annual meeting, the stockholder must (i)&nbsp;provide Timely Notice (as defined in Section&nbsp;2.3(b) of these bylaws) thereof in writing and in &#147;proper form&#148; to the Secretary of the
corporation, (ii)&nbsp;provide the information, agreements and questionnaires with respect to such stockholder and its candidate for nomination as required to be </P>
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set forth by this Section&nbsp;2.4 and Section&nbsp;2.5, and (c)&nbsp;provide any updates or supplements to such notice at the times and in the forms required by this Section&nbsp;2.4 and
Section&nbsp;2.5. The number of nominees a stockholder may nominate for election at the annual meeting (or in the case of a stockholder giving the notice on behalf of a beneficial owner, the number of nominees a stockholder may nominate for election
at the annual meeting on behalf of such beneficial owner) shall not exceed the number of directors to be elected at such annual meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the
giving of a stockholder&#146;s notice as described above. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) To be in proper form for purposes of
this<U>&nbsp;Section</U><U></U><U>&nbsp;2.4</U>, a stockholder&#146;s notice to the Secretary shall set forth: </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(i) As to
each Nominating Person (as defined below), the Stockholder Information (as defined in Section&nbsp;2.3(c)(i), except that for purposes of this Section&nbsp;2.4, the term &#147;Nominating Person&#148; shall be substituted for the term &#147;Proposing
Person&#148; in all places it appears in Section&nbsp;2.3(c)(i)); </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(ii) As to each Nominating Person, any Disclosable
Interests (as defined in Section&nbsp;2.3(c)(ii), except that for purposes of this Section&nbsp;2.4, the term &#147;Nominating Person&#148; shall be substituted for the term &#147;Proposing Person&#148; in all places it appears in
Section&nbsp;2.3(c)(ii), and the disclosure with respect to the business to be brought before the meeting in Section&nbsp;2.3(c)(ii) shall be made with respect to nomination of each person for election as a director at the meeting); and </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(iii) As to each candidate whom a Nominating Person proposes to nominate for election as a director, (A)&nbsp;all information
with respect to such candidate for nomination that would be required to be set forth in a stockholder&#146;s notice pursuant to this Section&nbsp;2.4 and Section&nbsp;2.5 if such candidate for nomination were a Nominating Person, (B)&nbsp;all
information relating to such candidate for nomination that is required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors in a contested election pursuant
to Section&nbsp;14(a) under the Exchange Act (including such candidate&#146;s written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected), (C) a description of any direct or indirect material interest
in any material contract or agreement between or among any Nominating Person, on the one hand, and each candidate for nomination or his or her respective associates or any other participants in such solicitation, on the other hand, including,
without limitation, all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 under Regulation <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">S-K</FONT> if such Nominating Person were the &#147;registrant&#148; for purposes of such rule and the
candidate for nomination were a director or executive officer of such registrant (the disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (A)&nbsp;through (C)&nbsp;are referred to as &#147;<B><I>Nominee Information</I></B>&#148;), and
(D)&nbsp;a completed and signed questionnaire, representation and agreement as provided in Section&nbsp;2.5(a). </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e) For purposes of this
Section&nbsp;2.4, the term &#147;<B><I>Nominating Person</I></B>&#148;<I></I>&nbsp;shall mean (i)&nbsp;the stockholder providing the notice of the nomination proposed to be made at the meeting, (ii)&nbsp;the beneficial owner or beneficial owners, if
different, on whose behalf the notice of the nomination proposed to be made at the meeting is made and (iii)&nbsp;any other participant in such solicitation. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(f) A stockholder providing notice of any nomination proposed to be made at a meeting shall
further update and supplement such notice, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice pursuant to this Section&nbsp;2.4 shall be true and correct as of the record date for stockholders entitled to vote
at the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10)&nbsp;business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the Secretary at the principal
executive offices of the corporation (i)&nbsp;not later than five (5)&nbsp;business days after the record date for stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of such record date),
and (ii)&nbsp;not later than eight (8)&nbsp;business days prior to the date for the meeting or, if practicable, any adjournment or postponement thereof (and, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior to the date to which the meeting
has been adjourned or postponed) (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10)&nbsp;business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof). For the avoidance of doubt, the obligation to update
and supplement as set forth in this paragraph or any other Section of these bylaws shall not limit the corporation&#146;s rights with respect to any deficiencies in any notice provided by a stockholder, extend any applicable deadlines hereunder or
enable or be deemed to permit a stockholder who has previously submitted notice hereunder to amend or update any nomination or to submit any new nomination. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(g) In addition to the requirements of this Section&nbsp;2.4 with respect to any nomination proposed to be made at a meeting, each Nominating
Person shall comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act with respect to any such nominations. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.5
<U>Additional Requirements for Valid Nomination of Candidates to Serve as Directors and, if Elected, to be Seated as Directors</U>. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(a)
To be eligible to be a candidate for election as a director of the corporation at an annual meeting, a candidate must be nominated in the manner prescribed in Section&nbsp;2.4 and the candidate for nomination, whether nominated by the Board of
Directors or by a stockholder of record, must have previously delivered (in accordance with the time period prescribed for delivery in a notice to such candidate given by or on behalf of the Board of Directors), to the Secretary at the principal
executive offices of the corporation, (i)&nbsp;a completed written questionnaire (in the form provided by the corporation upon written request therefor) with respect to the background, qualifications, stock ownership and independence of such
proposed nominee and (ii)&nbsp;a written representation and agreement (in the form provided by the corporation upon written request therefor) that such candidate for nomination (A)&nbsp;is not and, if elected as a director during his or her term of
office, will not become a party to (1)&nbsp;any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, and has not given and will not give any commitment or assurance to, any person or entity as to how such proposed nominee, if elected as a director of the
corporation, will act or vote on any issue or question (a &#147;<B><I>Voting Commitment</I></B>&#148;), or (2)&nbsp;any Voting Commitment that could limit or interfere with such proposed nominee&#146;s ability to comply, if elected as a director of
the corporation, with such proposed nominee&#146;s fiduciary duties under applicable law, (B)&nbsp;is not, and will not become a party to, any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the corporation with respect
to any direct or indirect compensation or reimbursement for </P>
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service as a director of the corporation that has not been disclosed therein,<B></B>&nbsp;and (C)&nbsp;if elected as a director of the corporation, will comply with all applicable corporate
governance, conflict of interest, confidentiality, stock ownership and trading and other policies and guidelines of the corporation applicable to directors and in effect during such person&#146;s term in office as a director (and, if requested by
any candidate for nomination, the Secretary of the corporation shall provide to such candidate for nomination all such policies and guidelines then in effect). </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(b) The Board of Directors may also require any proposed candidate for nomination as a director to furnish such other information as may
reasonably be requested by the Board of Directors in writing prior to the meeting of stockholders at which such candidate&#146;s nomination is to be acted upon in order for the Board of Directors to determine the eligibility of such candidate for
nomination to be an independent director of the corporation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(c) A candidate for nomination as a director shall further update and
supplement the materials delivered pursuant to this Section&nbsp;2.5, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided pursuant to this Section&nbsp;2.5 shall be true and correct as of the record date for stockholders
entitled to vote at the meeting and as of the date that is ten (10)&nbsp;business days prior to the meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof, and such update and supplement shall be delivered to, or mailed and received by, the Secretary at
the principal executive offices of the corporation (or any other office specified by the corporation in any public announcement)&nbsp;(i) not later than five (5)&nbsp;business days after the record date for stockholders entitled to vote at the
meeting (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of such record date), and (ii)&nbsp;not later than eight (8)&nbsp;business days prior to the date for the meeting or, if practicable, any adjournment or postponement thereof
(and, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior to the date to which the meeting has been adjourned or postponed) (in the case of the update and supplement required to be made as of ten (10)&nbsp;business days prior to the meeting or
any adjournment or postponement thereof). For the avoidance of doubt, the obligation to update and supplement as set forth in this paragraph or any other Section of these bylaws shall not limit the corporation&#146;s rights with respect to any
deficiencies in any notice provided by a stockholder, extend any applicable deadlines hereunder or enable or be deemed to permit a stockholder who has previously submitted notice hereunder to amend or update any nomination or to submit any new
nomination. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(d) In addition to the requirements of this Section&nbsp;2.5 with respect to any nomination proposed to be made at a meeting,
each Proposing Person shall comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act with respect to any such nominations. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(e) No
candidate shall be eligible for nomination as a director of the corporation unless such candidate for nomination and the Nominating Person seeking to place such candidate&#146;s name in nomination has complied with Section&nbsp;2.4 and this
Section&nbsp;2.5, as applicable. The presiding person at the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine that a nomination was not properly made in accordance with Section&nbsp;2.4 or this Section&nbsp;2.5, and if he or she should so determine,
he or she shall so declare such determination to the meeting, the defective nomination shall be disregarded and any ballots cast for the candidate in question (but in the case of any form of ballot listing other qualified nominees, only the votes
cast for the nominee in question) shall be void and of no force or effect. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">(f) Notwithstanding anything in these bylaws to the contrary, no candidate for nomination by
a Nominating Person shall be eligible to be seated as a director of the corporation unless nominated and elected in accordance with Section&nbsp;2.4 and this Section&nbsp;2.5. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.6 <U>Special Meetings</U>. Special meetings of the stockholders may be called for any purpose or purposes, unless otherwise
prescribed by statute or by the certificate of incorporation, by the Secretary only at the written request of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President of the Corporation, or by resolutions duly adopted by
the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors. Such request or resolution shall state the (i)&nbsp;purpose or purposes of the proposed meeting and (ii)&nbsp;the record date for determining the stockholders having the right to vote at
such meeting. Business transacted at any special meeting shall be limited to the matters relating to the purpose or purposes stated in the notice of meeting. The place, date and time of any special meeting will be determined by the Board of
Directors. Except as otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation or applicable law, the Board of Directors may postpone, reschedule or cancel any special meeting of stockholders. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.7 <U>Notice of Meetings</U>. Except as otherwise provided by law, the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws, written
notice of each meeting of stockholders, annual or special, stating the place, if any, date and time of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at
such meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which such special meeting is called, shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting not less than ten (10)&nbsp;nor more than sixty (60)&nbsp;days
before the date of the meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.8 <U>List of Stockholders</U>. The officer in charge of the stock ledger of the
corporation or the transfer agent shall prepare and make, at least ten (10)&nbsp;days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address
of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, for a period of at least ten&nbsp;(10) days prior to the
meeting, (a)&nbsp;on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (b)&nbsp;during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of
business of the corporation. If the meeting is to be held at a place, then the list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present. If the
meeting is to be held solely by means of remote communication, then the list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to
gain access to such list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.9 <U>Organization and Conduct of
Business</U>. The Chairman of the Board of Directors or, in its absence, the President of the corporation or, in its absence, such person as the Board of Directors may have designated or, in the absence of such a person, such person as may be chosen
by the holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote who </P>
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are present, in person or by proxy, shall call to order any meeting of the stockholders and act as chairman of the meeting. In the absence of the Secretary of the corporation, the secretary of
the meeting shall be such person as the chairman of the meeting appoints. The chairman of any meeting of stockholders shall determine the order of business and the procedure at the meeting, including such regulation of the manner of voting and the
conduct of discussion as seems to him or her in order. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.10 <U>Quorum</U>. Except where otherwise provided by law or the
certificate of incorporation of the corporation or these bylaws, the holders of <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">one-third</FONT> of the capital stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote, present in person or represented by proxy, shall
constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at all meetings of the stockholders. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.11 <U>Adjournments</U>. The
chairperson of the meeting or a majority of the stockholders present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote, though less than a quorum, or any officer entitled to preside at such meeting, shall be entitled to adjourn
such meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting. When a meeting is adjourned to another place, date or time, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the place, date and time thereof are announced at
the meeting at which the adjournment is taken;<I>&nbsp;provided, however</I>, that if the date of any adjourned meeting is more than thirty (30)&nbsp;days after the date for which the meeting was originally noticed, or if a new record date is fixed
for the adjourned meeting, written notice of the place, if any, date, time and means of remote communications, if any, of the adjourned meeting shall be given in conformity herewith. At any adjourned meeting, any business may be transacted that
might have been transacted at the original meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.12 <U>Voting Rights</U>. Unless otherwise provided in the DGCL or
the certificate of incorporation of the corporation, each stockholder shall at every meeting of the stockholders be entitled to one vote for each share of the capital stock having voting power held by such stockholder. No holder of shares of the
corporation&#146;s common stock shall have the right to cumulative votes. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.13 <U>Majority Vote</U>. When a quorum is
present at any meeting, the vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power present in person or represented by proxy shall decide any question brought before such meeting, unless the question is one upon which by express provision of an
applicable statute or of the certificate of incorporation of the corporation or of these bylaws, or of the rules of any a stock exchange upon which the corporation&#146;s securities are listed, a different vote is required, in which case such
express provision shall govern and control the decision of such question. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.14 <U>Record Date for Stockholder Notice and
Voting</U>. For purposes of determining the stockholders entitled to notice of, or to vote at, any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights,
or entitled to exercise any right in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not be more
</P>
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than sixty (60)&nbsp;days nor less than ten (10)&nbsp;days before the date of any such meeting nor more than sixty (60)&nbsp;days before any other action to which the record date relates. A
determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting;<I>&nbsp;provided, however</I>, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the
adjourned meeting. If the Board of Directors does not so fix a record date, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the business day next
preceding the day on which notice is given or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the business day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. The record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the
close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating to such purpose. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.15
<U>Proxies</U>. Each stockholder entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy, but no such proxy shall be voted or acted upon after eleven months from its date, unless the
proxy provides for a longer period. All proxies must be filed with the Secretary of the corporation at the beginning of each meeting in order to be counted in any vote at the meeting. Subject to the limitation set forth in the first sentence of this
Section&nbsp;2.15, a duly executed proxy that does not state that it is irrevocable shall continue in full force and effect unless (a)&nbsp;revoked by the person executing it, before the vote pursuant to that proxy, by a writing delivered to the
corporation stating that the proxy is revoked or by a subsequent proxy executed by, or attendance at the meeting and voting in person by, the person executing the proxy, or (b)&nbsp;written notice of the death or incapacity of the maker of that
proxy is received by the corporation before the vote pursuant to that proxy is counted. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.16 <U>Inspectors of
Election</U>. The corporation shall, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, appoint one or more inspectors of election to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof. The corporation may designate one or more persons to act as alternate
inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the person presiding at the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before
entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his or her ability. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">2.17 <U>No Action Without a Meeting</U>. No action shall be taken by the stockholders except at an annual or special meeting of
stockholders called and noticed in the manner required by these bylaws. The stockholders may not in any circumstance take action by written consent. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE 3 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Directors </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.1 <U>Number, Election, Tenure and Qualifications</U>. The number of directors that shall constitute the entire Board of
Directors shall be fixed from time to time by resolution adopted by a majority of the directors of the corporation then in office. No decrease in the number of authorized directors shall have the effect of removing any director before that
director&#146;s term or office expires. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.2 <U>Director Nominations</U>. At each annual meeting of the stockholders,
directors shall be elected by a plurality of votes cast for those directors whose terms are then expiring, and each director so elected shall hold office until such director&#146;s successor is duly elected and qualified or until such
director&#146;s earlier resignation, removal, death, or incapacity. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Notwithstanding the previous sentence, if a majority
of the votes cast for a director are marked &#147;against&#148; or &#147;withheld&#148; in an uncontested election, the director shall promptly tender his or her irrevocable resignation for the Board of Directors&#146; or the Nominating and
Corporate Governance Committee&#146;s consideration. If such director&#146;s resignation is accepted by the Board of Directors or the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, then the Board of Directors or the Nominating and Corporate
Governance Committee, in its sole discretion, may fill the resulting vacancy in accordance with the provisions Section&nbsp;3.2 or may decrease the size of the Board of Directors in accordance with the provisions of Section&nbsp;3.1. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.3 <U>Enlargement and Vacancies</U>. Except as otherwise provided by the certificate of incorporation, subject to the rights
of the holders of any series of preferred stock then outstanding, newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors or any vacancies in the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation, retirement,
disqualification, removal from office or other cause shall, unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, be filled solely by a majority vote of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. If
there are no directors in office, then an election of directors may be held in the manner provided by statute. Directors chosen pursuant to any of the foregoing provisions shall hold office until the next annual election and such director&#146;s
successor is duly elected and qualified or until such director&#146;s earlier resignation or removal. In the event of a vacancy in the Board of Directors, the remaining directors, except as otherwise provided by law, or by the certificate of
incorporation or the bylaws of the corporation, may exercise the powers of the full board until the vacancy is filled. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.4
<U>Resignation and Removal</U>. Any director may resign at any time upon written notice to the corporation at its principal place of business addressed to the attention of the Chief Executive Officer, the Secretary, the Chairman of the Board of
Directors or the Chair of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee of the Board of Directors, who shall in turn notify the full Board of Directors (although failure to provide such notification to the full Board of Directors shall not
impact the effectiveness of such resignation). Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt of such notice by one of the individuals designated above unless the notice specifies such resignation to be effective at some other time or upon the
happening of some other event. Any director or the entire Board of Directors may be removed, but only for cause, by the holders of not less than <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">sixty-six</FONT> and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">two-thirds</FONT>
percent <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">(66-2/3%)</FONT> of the voting power of the capital stock issued and outstanding then entitled to vote at an election of directors. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.5 <U>Powers</U>. The business of the corporation shall be managed by or
under the direction of the Board of Directors, which may exercise all such powers of the corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not by statute or by the certificate of incorporation of the corporation or by these bylaws directed
or required to be exercised or done by the stockholders. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.6 <U>Chairman of the Board of Directors</U>. The directors
shall elect a Chairman of the Board of Directors (who may be designated Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors if serving as an employee of the corporation) and may elect a Vice Chair of the Board, each to hold such office until their
successor is elected and qualified or until their earlier resignation or removal. In the absence or disability of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Vice Chair of the Board, if one has been elected, or another director designated by the
Board of Directors, shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Chairman of the Board of Directors. The Chairman of the Board of Directors of the corporation shall if present preside at all meetings of the stockholders and the Board of
Directors and shall have such other duties as may be vested in the Chairman of the Board of Directors by the Board of Directors. The Vice Chair of the Board of the corporation shall have such duties as may be vested in the Vice Chair of the Board by
the Board of Directors. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.7 <U>Place of Meetings</U>. The Board of Directors may hold meetings, both regular and special,
either within or without the State of Delaware. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.8 <U>Regular Meetings</U>. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors
may be held without notice at such time and place as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors;<I>&nbsp;provided, however</I>, that any director who is absent when such a determination is made shall be given prompt notice of such
determination. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.9 <U>Special Meetings</U>. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chairman of
the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, or by the written request of a majority of the directors then in office. Notice of the time and place, if any, of special meetings shall be delivered personally or by telephone to each director,
or sent by first-class mail or commercial delivery service, facsimile transmission, or by electronic mail or other electronic means, charges prepaid, sent to such director&#146;s business or home address or email address, as applicable, as they
appear upon the records of the corporation. In case such notice is mailed, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at least one (1)&nbsp;day prior to the time of holding of the meeting. A notice or waiver of notice of a meeting of the Board
of Directors need not specify the purposes of the meeting. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.10 <U>Quorum, Action at Meeting, Adjournments</U>. At all
meetings of the Board of Directors, a majority of directors then in office, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of
the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise specifically provided by law, as it presently exists or may hereafter be amended, or by the bylaws of the corporation. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, a
majority of the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.11 <U>Action Without Meeting</U>. Unless otherwise restricted by the
certificate of incorporation of the corporation or these bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board of
Directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or
committee. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.12 <U>Telephone Meetings</U>. Unless otherwise restricted by the certificate of incorporation of the
corporation or these bylaws, any member of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee, as the case may be, by means of conference telephone or by any form of
communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at the meeting. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.13 <U>Committees</U>. The Board of Directors may, by resolution, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist
of one or more of the directors of the corporation. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence
or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not the member or members present constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of
Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors, shall have and may exercise all of the lawfully delegated powers and
authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation, and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it. Such committee or committees shall have such name
or names as may be determined from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors. Except as the Board of Directors may otherwise determine, any committee may make rules for the conduct of its business, but unless otherwise provided by
the directors or in such rules, its business shall be conducted as nearly as possible in the same manner as is provided in these bylaws for the conduct of its business by the Board of Directors. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.14 <U>Fees and Compensation of Directors</U>. The Board of Directors shall have the authority to fix the compensation of
directors. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">3.15 <U>Waiver</U><U> of Notice</U>. Notice of a meeting need not be given to any director who signs a waiver
of notice or a consent to holding the meeting or an approval of the minutes thereof, whether before or after the meeting, or who attends the meeting without protesting, prior thereto or at its commencement, the lack of notice to such director. All
such waivers, consents and approvals shall be filed with the corporate records or made a part of the minutes of the meeting. </P>
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<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Officers </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.1 <U>Officers Designated</U>. The officers of the corporation shall be chosen by the Board of Directors and shall be a Chief
Executive Officer, a President, a Secretary and a Chief Financial Officer. The Board of Directors may also choose a Treasurer, one or more Vice Presidents, one or more assistant Secretaries or assistant Treasurers, and any other officers the Board
of Directors may appoint by resolution so long as such officers&#146; titles and duties are not inconsistent with these Bylaws. Any number of offices may be held by the same person, unless the certificate of incorporation of the corporation or these
bylaws otherwise provide. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.2 <U>Election</U>. The officers of the Corporation shall be appointed by the Board, and each
shall serve at the pleasure of the Board, subject to the rights, if any, of an officer under any contract of employment. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.3 <U>Tenure</U>. Each officer of the corporation shall hold office until such officer&#146;s successor is appointed and
qualified, unless a different term is specified in the vote choosing or appointing such officer, or until such officer&#146;s earlier death, resignation, removal or incapacity. Any officer appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed with or
without cause at any time by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors or a committee duly authorized to do so. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the corporation may be filled by the Board of Directors, at its discretion. Any
officer may resign by delivering such officer&#146;s written resignation to the corporation at its principal place of business to the attention of the Chief Executive Officer or the Secretary. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless
it is specified to be effective at some other time or upon the happening of some other event. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.4 <U>The Chief Executive
Officer</U>. Subject to such supervisory powers, if any, as may be given by the Board of Directors to the Chairman of the Board of Directors, in the absence of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer shall preside at all
meetings of the stockholders and at all meetings of the Board of Directors, shall have general and active management of the business of the corporation and shall see that all orders and resolutions of the Board of Directors are carried into effect.
He or she shall execute bonds, mortgages and other contracts requiring a seal, under the seal of the corporation, except where required or permitted by law to be otherwise signed and executed and except where the signing and execution thereof shall
be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors to some other officer or agent of the corporation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.5 <U>The
President</U>. The President shall, in the event there is no Chief Executive Officer or in the absence of the Chief Executive Officer or in the event of his or her disability, perform the duties of the Chief Executive Officer, and when so acting,
shall have the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the Chief Executive Officer. The President shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may from time to time be prescribed for such person by the Board of
Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, or these bylaws. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.6 <U>The Vice President</U>. The Vice President, if any (or in the event
there be more than one, the Vice Presidents in the order designated by the directors, or in the absence of any designation, in the order of their election), shall, in the absence of the President or in the event of his or her disability or refusal
to act, perform the duties of the President, and when so acting, shall have the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President. The Vice President(s) shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may from time to
time be prescribed for them by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, or these bylaws. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.7
<U>The Secretary</U>. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board of Directors and the stockholders and record all votes and the proceedings of the meetings in a book to be kept for that purpose and shall perform like duties for the
standing committees, when required. The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall perform such other duties as may from time to time be prescribed by
the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer, under whose supervision he or she shall act. The Secretary shall sign such instruments on behalf of the corporation as the Secretary may be authorized to
sign by the Board of Directors or by law and shall countersign, attest and affix the corporate seal to all certificates and instruments where such countersigning or such sealing and attesting are necessary to their true and proper execution. The
Secretary shall keep, or cause to be kept, at the principal executive office or at the office of the corporation&#146;s transfer agent or registrar, as determined by resolution of the Board of Directors, a share register, or a duplicate share
register, showing the names of all stockholders and their addresses, the number and classes of shares held by each, the number and date of certificates issued for the same and the number and date of cancellation of every certificate surrendered for
cancellation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.8 <U>The Assistant Secretary</U>. The Assistant Secretary, or if there be more than one, any Assistant
Secretaries in the order designated by the Board of Directors (or in the absence of any designation, in the order of their election) shall assist the Secretary in the performance of his or her duties and, in the absence of the Secretary or in the
event of his or her inability or refusal to act, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may from time to time be prescribed by the Board of Directors. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.9 <U>The Chief Financial Officer</U>. The Chief Financial Officer shall be the principal financial officer in charge of the
general accounting books, accounting and cost records and forms. The Chief Financial Officer may also serve as the principal accounting officer and shall perform such other duties and have other powers as may from time to time be prescribed by the
Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.10 <U>The Treasurer and Assistant Treasurers</U>. The Treasurer (if one is
appointed) shall have such duties as may be specified by the Chief Financial Officer to assist the Chief Financial Officer in the performance of his or her duties and to perform such other duties and have other powers as may from time to time be
prescribed by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer. It shall be the duty of any Assistant Treasurers to assist the Treasurer in the performance of his or her duties and to perform such other duties and have other powers as may from
time to time be prescribed by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.11 <U>Bond</U>. If required by the
Board of Directors, any officer shall give the corporation a bond in such sum and with such surety or sureties and upon such terms and conditions as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors, including without limitation a bond for the
faithful performance of the duties of such officer&#146;s office and for the restoration to the corporation of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in such officer&#146;s possession or under such officer&#146;s
control and belonging to the corporation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">4.12 <U>Delegation of Authority</U>. The Board of Directors may from time to
time delegate the powers or duties of any officer to any other officers or agents, notwithstanding any provision hereof. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE 5 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Notices </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">5.1 <U>Delivery</U>. Whenever, under the provisions of law, or of the certificate of incorporation of the corporation or these
bylaws, written notice is required to be given to any director or stockholder, such notice may be given by mail, addressed to such director or stockholder, at such person&#146;s address as it appears on the records of the corporation, with postage
thereon prepaid, and such notice shall be deemed to be given at the time when the same shall be deposited in the United States mail or delivered to a nationally recognized courier service. Unless written notice by mail is required by law, written
notice may also be given by commercial delivery service, facsimile transmission, electronic means or similar means addressed to such director or stockholder at such person&#146;s address as it appears on the records of the corporation, in which case
such notice shall be deemed to be given when delivered into the control of the persons charged with effecting such transmission, the transmission charge to be paid by the corporation or the person sending such notice and not by the addressee. Oral
notice or other <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">in-hand</FONT> delivery, in person or by telephone, shall be deemed given at the time it is actually given. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">5.2 <U>Waiver of Notice</U>. Whenever any notice is required to be given under the provisions of law or of the certificate of
incorporation of the corporation or of these bylaws, a written waiver, signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed
equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any
business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, directors or members of a committee of directors need be specified in
any written waiver of notice or any waiver by electronic transmission unless so required by the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE 6 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Indemnification of Directors and Officers </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.1 <U>Right to Indemnification</U>. Each person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is
otherwise involved in any action, suit, or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative (hereinafter a &#147;<B><I>proceeding</I></B>&#148;), by reason of the fact that he or she is or was a director or an officer of the
corporation or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director, officer or trustee of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, including service with respect to an employee benefit plan
(hereinafter an &#147;<B><I>indemnitee</I></B>&#148;), whether the basis of such proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity as a director, officer, or trustee or in any other capacity while serving as a director, officer, or trustee, shall
be indemnified and held harmless by the corporation to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the
corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than such law permitted the corporation to provide prior to such amendment), against all expense, liability, and loss (including attorneys&#146; fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or
penalties, and amounts paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such indemnitee in connection therewith; provided, however, that, except as provided in Section&nbsp;6.3 of this Article 6 with respect to proceedings to enforce rights to
indemnification, the corporation shall indemnify any such indemnitee in connection with a proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such indemnitee only if such proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board of Directors of the
corporation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.2 <U>Right to Advancement of Expenses</U>. In addition to the right to indemnification conferred in
Section&nbsp;6.1 of this Article 6, an indemnitee shall also have the right to be paid by the corporation the expenses (including attorney&#146;s fees) incurred in defending any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition (hereinafter an
&#147;<B><I>advancement of expenses</I></B>&#148;); provided, however, that, if the DGCL requires, an advancement of expenses incurred by an indemnitee in his or her capacity as a director or officer (and not in any other capacity in which service
was or is rendered by such indemnitee, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) shall be made only upon delivery to the corporation of an undertaking (hereinafter an &#147;<B><I>undertaking</I></B>&#148;), by or on behalf
of such indemnitee, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (hereinafter a &#147;<B><I>final adjudication</I></B>&#148;) that such indemnitee is
not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this Section&nbsp;6.2 or otherwise. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless such right is acquired other than
pursuant to this Article 6, no advance shall be made by the corporation to an officer of the corporation (except by reason of the fact that such officer is or was a director of the corporation, in which event this paragraph shall not apply) in any
action, suit, or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative, if a determination is reasonably and promptly made (a)&nbsp;by the Board of Directors by a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors, even though less than a
quorum, or (b)&nbsp;by a committee of Disinterested Directors designated by majority vote of the Disinterested Directors, even though less than a quorum, or (c)&nbsp;if there are no Disinterested Directors or the Disinterested Directors so direct,
by independent legal counsel in a written opinion to the Board of Directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to the claimant, that the facts known to the decision-making party at the time such determination is made demonstrate clearly and
convincingly that such person acted in bad faith or in a manner that such person did not believe to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.3 <U>Right of Indemnitee to Bring Suit</U>. If a claim under Section&nbsp;6.1 or 6.2 of this Article 6 is not paid in full by
the corporation within 60 days after a written claim has been received by the corporation, except in the case of a claim for an advancement of expenses, in which case the applicable period shall be 20 days, the indemnitee may at any time thereafter
bring suit against the corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim. To the fullest extent permitted by law, if successful in whole or in part in any such suit, or in a suit brought by the corporation to recover an advancement of expenses
pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the indemnitee shall be entitled to also be paid the expense of prosecuting or defending such suit. In (a)&nbsp;any suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder (but not in a
suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to an advancement of expenses) it shall be a defense that, and (b)&nbsp;in any suit brought by the corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the
corporation shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon a final adjudication that, the indemnitee has not met any applicable standard for indemnification set forth in the DGCL. Neither the failure of the corporation (including its directors who
are not parties to such action, a committee of such directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such suit that indemnification of the indemnitee is proper in the circumstances
because the indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the DGCL, nor an actual determination by the corporation (including its directors who are not parties to such action, a committee of such directors, independent legal
counsel, or its stockholders) that the indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall create a presumption that the indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct or, in the case of such a suit brought by the
indemnitee, be a defense to such suit. In any suit brought by the indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification or to an advancement of expenses hereunder, or brought by the corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms
of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified, or to such advancement of expenses, under this Article 6 or otherwise shall be on the corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.4 <U><FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">Non-Exclusivity</FONT> of Rights</U>. The rights to indemnification and to the
advancement of expenses conferred in this Article 6 shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, the corporation&#146;s certificate of incorporation, bylaws, agreement, vote of
stockholders or directors, or otherwise. </P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.5 <U>Insurance</U>. The corporation may maintain insurance, at its
expense, to protect itself and any director, officer, employee, or agent of the corporation or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise against any expense, liability, or loss, whether or not the corporation would
have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability, or loss under the DGCL. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.6 <U>Indemnification of
Employees and Agents of the Corporation</U>. The corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the Board of Directors, grant rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses to any employee or agent of the corporation to
the fullest extent of the provisions of this Article with respect to the indemnification and advancement of expenses of directors and officers of the corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.7 <U>Nature of Rights</U>. The rights conferred upon indemnitees in this Article 6 shall be contract rights and such rights
shall continue as to an indemnitee who has ceased to be a director, officer, or trustee and shall inure to the benefit of the indemnitee&#146;s heirs, executors, and administrators. Any amendment, alteration, or repeal of this Article 6 that
adversely affects any right of an indemnitee or its successors shall be prospective only and shall not limit, eliminate, or impair any such right with respect to any proceeding involving any occurrence or alleged occurrence of any action or omission
to act that took place prior to such amendment or repeal. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">6.8 <U>Severability</U>. If any word, clause, provision or
provisions of this Article 6 shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (a)&nbsp;the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Article 6 (including, without limitation, each
portion of any Section or paragraph of this Article 6 containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby;
and (b)&nbsp;to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Article&nbsp;6 (including, without limitation, each such portion of any Section or paragraph of this Article&nbsp;6 containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or
unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE 7 </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Capital Stock
</U></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7.1 <U>Certificates for Shares</U>. The shares of the corporation shall be (i)&nbsp;represented by certificates or
(ii)&nbsp;uncertificated and evidenced by a book-entry system maintained by or through the corporation&#146;s transfer agent or registrar. Certificates shall be signed by, or in the name of the corporation by, the Chairman of the Board of Directors,
the Chief Executive Officer, the President or a Vice President and by the Chief Financial Officer, the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the corporation. Certificates may be issued for partly paid
shares and in such case upon the face or back of the certificates issued to represent any such partly paid shares, the total amount of the consideration to be paid therefor, and the amount paid thereon shall be specified. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-23- </P>

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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of uncertificated
stock, the corporation shall send or cause to be sent to the registered owner thereof a written notice containing the information required by the DGCL or a statement that the corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so
requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7.2 <U>Signatures on Certificates</U>. Any or all of the signatures on a certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer,
transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the corporation with
the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7.3 <U>Transfer of
Stock</U>. Upon surrender to the corporation or the transfer agent of the corporation of a certificate of shares duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignation or authority to transfer, and proper evidence of compliance
of other conditions to rightful transfer, it shall be the duty of the corporation to issue a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the old certificate and record the transaction upon its books. Upon receipt of proper transfer
instructions and proper evidence of compliance of other conditions to rightful transfer from the registered owner of uncertificated shares, such uncertificated shares shall be canceled and issuance of new equivalent uncertificated shares or
certificated shares shall be made to the person entitled thereto and the transaction shall be recorded upon the books of the corporation. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7.4 <U>Registered Stockholders</U>. The corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered
on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and to hold liable for calls and assessments a person registered on its books as the owner of shares, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other
claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">7.5 <U>Lost, Stolen, or Destroyed Certificates</U>. The corporation may direct that a new certificate or certificates be issued
to replace any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or
destroyed and on such terms and conditions as the corporation may require. When authorizing the issue of a new certificate or certificates, the corporation may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the
owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate or certificates, or his or her legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as it shall require, to indemnify the corporation in such manner as it may require, and/or to give the
corporation a bond or other adequate security in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-24- </P>

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<HR SIZE="3" style="COLOR:#999999" WIDTH="100%" ALIGN="CENTER">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE 8 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>General Provisions </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">8.1 <U>Dividends</U>. Dividends upon the capital stock of the corporation, subject to any restrictions contained in the DGCL
or the provisions of the certificate of incorporation of the corporation, if any, may be declared by the Board of Directors at any regular or special meeting or by unanimous written consent. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property or in shares of
capital stock, subject to the provisions of the certificate of incorporation of the corporation. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">8.2 <U>Checks</U>. All
checks or demands for money and notes of the corporation shall be signed by such officer or officers or such other person or persons as the Board of Directors may from time to time designate. </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">8.3 <U>Corporate Seal</U>. The Board of Directors may, by resolution, adopt a corporate seal. The corporate seal shall have
inscribed thereon the name of the corporation, the year of its organization and the word &#147;Delaware.&#148; The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or otherwise reproduced. The seal may be altered from
time to time by the Board of Directors. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">8.4 <U>Execution of Corporate Contracts and Instruments</U>. The Board of
Directors, except as otherwise provided in these bylaws, may authorize any officer or officers, or agent or agents, to enter into any contract or execute any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the corporation; such authority may be general
or confined to specific instances. Unless so authorized or ratified by the Board of Directors or within the agency power of an officer, no officer, agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the corporation by any contract or
engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or for any amount. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">8.5 <U>Representation of
Shares of Other Corporations</U>. The Chief Executive Officer, the President or any Vice President, the Chief Financial Officer or the Treasurer or any Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary of the corporation is authorized
to vote, represent and exercise on behalf of the corporation all rights incident to any and all shares of any corporation or corporations or similar ownership interests of other business entities standing in the name of the corporation. The
authority herein granted to said officers to vote or represent on behalf of the corporation any and all shares or similar ownership interests held by the corporation in any other corporation or corporations or other business entities may be
exercised either by such officers in person or by any other person authorized so to do by proxy or power of attorney duly executed by said officers. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-25- </P>

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<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE 9 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Forum for Adjudication of Disputes </U></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">9.1 <U>Exclusive Forum; Delaware Chancery Court</U>. To the fullest extent permitted by law, and unless the corporation
consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if that court lacks subject matter jurisdiction, another federal or state court situated in the State of Delaware), shall be the sole
and exclusive forum for (a)&nbsp;any derivative action or proceeding brought in the name or right of the corporation or on its behalf, (b)&nbsp;any action or proceeding asserting a claim for breach of any fiduciary duty owed by any director,
officer, employee, agent, or stockholder of the corporation to the corporation or the corporation&#146;s stockholders, (c)&nbsp;any action or proceeding arising or asserting a claim arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or any provision of
the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws or (d)&nbsp;any action or proceeding asserting a claim against a stockholder of the corporation, or (e)&nbsp;any action or proceeding asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs doctrine,
including, without limitation, any action to interpret, apply, enforce, or determine the validity of the certificate of incorporation or these bylaws. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of capital stock of
the corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Section&nbsp;9.1. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:4%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">9.2
<U>Exclusive Forum; Federal District Courts</U>. Unless the corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and
exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action under the Securities Act of 1933. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of capital stock of the corporation shall be deemed to
have notice of and consented to the provisions of this Section&nbsp;9.2. Failure to enforce the provisions contained in this Article 9 would cause the corporation irreparable harm, and the corporation shall be entitled to equitable relief, including
injunctive relief and specific performance, to enforce the foregoing provisions. </P> <P STYLE="margin-top:24pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">ARTICLE 10 </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><U>Amendments </U></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Subject to the
laws of the State of Delaware, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized to adopt, amend or repeal the bylaws of the corporation, without any action on the part of the stockholders, by the vote of at least a majority of the directors of the
corporation then in office. In addition to any vote of the holders of any class or series of stock of the corporation required by the DGCL or the certificate of incorporation of the corporation, the bylaws may also be adopted, amended or repealed by
the affirmative vote of the holders of at least <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">sixty-six</FONT> and <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">two-thirds</FONT> percent <FONT STYLE="white-space:nowrap">(66-2/3%)</FONT> of the voting power of the shares of
the capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote in the election of directors, voting as one class. </P>
 <p STYLE="margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt ; font-size:8pt">&nbsp;</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center">-26- </P>

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</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-3.2
<SEQUENCE>3
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<TEXT>
<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>EX-3.2</TITLE>
</HEAD>
 <BODY BGCOLOR="WHITE">

<Center><DIV STYLE="width:8.5in" align="left">
 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="right"><B>Exhibit 3.2 </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>CERTIFICATE OF ELIMINATION </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>OF THE </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>SERIES A 3.6%
CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK </B></P> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>OF </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>PLUS THERAPEUTICS, INC. </B></P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Pursuant to Section&nbsp;151(g) of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the &#147;<B>DGCL</B>&#148;), it is hereby certified
that: </P> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">1.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The name of the company (hereinafter referred to as the &#147;<B>Company</B>&#148;) is Plus Therapeutics, Inc.
</P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">2.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The designation of the series of shares of stock of the Company to which this certificate relates is Series A
3.6% Convertible Preferred Stock. </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">3.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The voting powers, designations, preferences, and the relative, participating, optional, or other rights, and
the qualifications, limitations, and restrictions of said series of shares of stock were provided for in a resolution adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company (the &#147;<B>Board of Directors</B>&#148;) pursuant to authority expressly vested
in it by the provisions of the certificate of incorporation of the Company (the &#147;<B>Certificate of Incorporation</B>&#148;). A certificate setting forth the said resolution has been heretofore filed with the Secretary of State of the State of
Delaware pursuant to the provisions of Section&nbsp;151(g) of the DGCL (the &#147;<B>Certificate of Designations</B>&#148;). </P></TD></TR></TABLE> <P STYLE="font-size:6pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P>
<TABLE STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%">
<TR style = "page-break-inside:avoid">
<TD WIDTH="9%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD WIDTH="4%" VALIGN="top" ALIGN="left">4.</TD>
<TD ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman; " ALIGN="left">The Board of Directors of the Company has adopted the following resolutions: </P></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>RESOLVED</B>, that pursuant to the authority conferred upon the Board of Directors by the provisions of the Certificate of
Incorporation and by Section&nbsp;151(g) of the DGCL, the Board of Directors hereby eliminates the Series A 3.6% Convertible Preferred Stock that was previously authorized by the Company, none of which is currently outstanding and none of which will
be issued in the future, and that all matters set forth in the Certificate of Designation with respect to such Series A 3.6% Convertible Preferred Stock be eliminated from the Certificate of Incorporation; </P>
<P STYLE="margin-top:6pt; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:13%; text-indent:4%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>RESOLVED</B>, that the appropriate officers of the Company be and they hereby are authorized and directed to prepare,
execute and file a Certificate of Elimination of the Series A 3.6% Convertible Preferred Stock and to take such other actions as they in their sole discretion may deem necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes of the foregoing resolution.
</P> <P STYLE="margin-top:12pt; margin-bottom:0pt; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman" ALIGN="center"><B>[Signature Page to Follow] </B></P>
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 <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt; text-indent:9%; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Certificate of Elimination to be signed by
its duly authorized officer, as of the 20<SUP STYLE="font-size:85%; vertical-align:top">th</SUP> day of September, 2021. </P> <P STYLE="font-size:12pt;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt">&nbsp;</P><DIV ALIGN="right">
<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="40%" BORDER="0" STYLE="BORDER-COLLAPSE:COLLAPSE; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">


<TR>

<TD WIDTH="7%"></TD>

<TD VALIGN="bottom"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="92%"></TD></TR>


<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top" COLSPAN="3"> <P STYLE="margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:1pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman"><B>PLUS THERAPEUTICS, INC.</B></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font-size:1pt">
<TD HEIGHT="16"></TD>
<TD HEIGHT="16" COLSPAN="2"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">By:</P></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom" STYLE=" BORDER-BOTTOM:1px solid #000000">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top" STYLE="BORDER-BOTTOM:1px solid #000000"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">/s/ Andrew Sims</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Andrew Sims</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="page-break-inside:avoid ; font-family:Times New Roman; font-size:10pt">
<TD VALIGN="top"></TD>
<TD VALIGN="bottom">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD VALIGN="top"> <P STYLE=" margin-top:0pt ; margin-bottom:0pt; margin-left:1.00em; text-indent:-1.00em; font-size:10pt; font-family:Times New Roman">Chief Financial Officer</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE></DIV>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel">Entity File Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
    <link:labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" />
    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
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    <link:label xml:lang="en-US" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label">Soliciting Material</link:label>
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</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>pstv-20210915_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="us-ascii" standalone="yes"?>
<!-- DFIN - https://www.dfinsolutions.com/ -->
<!-- CTU Version: Release master Build:20210621.2 -->
<!-- Creation date: 9/21/2021 9:33:43 AM Eastern Time -->
<!-- Copyright (c) 2021 Donnelley Financial Solutions, Inc. All Rights Reserved. -->
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    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" order="30.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" order="32.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
    <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" order="37.001" priority="2" use="optional" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
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    <link:loc xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020/dei-2020-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
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</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>d164672d8k_htm.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<XML>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xbrl
  xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"
  xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020-01-31"
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
    <link:schemaRef xlink:href="pstv-20210915.xsd" xlink:type="simple"/>
    <context id="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001095981</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2021-09-15</startDate>
            <endDate>2021-09-15</endDate>
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      contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15"
      id="Hidden_dei_SecurityExchangeName">NASDAQ</dei:SecurityExchangeName>
    <dei:AmendmentFlag contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">false</dei:AmendmentFlag>
    <dei:EntityCentralIndexKey
      contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15"
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      contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15"
      id="Hidden_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">--12-31</dei:CurrentFiscalYearEndDate>
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    <dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">2021-09-15</dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate>
    <dei:EntityRegistrantName contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">PLUS THERAPEUTICS, INC.</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
    <dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">DE</dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode>
    <dei:EntityFileNumber contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">001-34375</dei:EntityFileNumber>
    <dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">33-0827593</dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber>
    <dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1 contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">4200 Marathon Blvd.</dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1>
    <dei:EntityAddressAddressLine2 contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">Suite 200</dei:EntityAddressAddressLine2>
    <dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">Austin</dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown>
    <dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">TX</dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince>
    <dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">78756</dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode>
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    <dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany contextRef="duration_2021-09-15_to_2021-09-15">false</dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.21.2</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140331826349624">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 15, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001095981<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--12-31<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Sep. 15,  2021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">PLUS THERAPEUTICS, INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation State Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-34375<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">33-0827593<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">4200 Marathon Blvd.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">Suite 200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Austin<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">TX<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">78756<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(737)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">255-7194<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre Commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Security 12b Title</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, par value $0.001<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">PSTV<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
