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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Reconciliation of Total Income Tax Provision
A reconciliation of the total income tax provision tax rate to the statutory federal income tax rates of 21% for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, is as follows:
 
    
2023
   
2022
 
Income tax expense (benefit) at federal statutory rate
     (21.0 )%      (21.0 )% 
Change in valuation allowance
     25.5     22.5
Income tax expense (benefit) at state statutory rate
     (0.2 )%      (0.2 )% 
Share based compensation
     1.0     0.9
NOLs expiring and adjustments to NOL
     (0.1 )%      0.5
Research credit
     (5.1 )%      (2.5 )% 
Return to provision
     (0.1 )%      (0.1 )% 
Change in state rate
     —        (0.1 )% 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
     0.0     0.0
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 are as follows (in thousands):
 
    
2023
    
2022
 
Deferred tax assets:
     
Accrued expenses
   $ 269      $ 262  
Share based compensation
     99        107  
Net operating loss carryforwards
     13,397        12,605  
Income tax credit carryforwards
     1,630        956  
Property and equipment, principally due to differences in depreciation
     154        89  
Intangible assets
     3,527        2,073  
Other, net
     453        53  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
     19,529        16,145  
Valuation allowance
     (19,486      (16,092
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total deferred tax assets, net of allowance
     43        53  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
    
2023
    
2022
 
Deferred tax liabilities:
     
Other
     (43      (53
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total deferred tax liability
     (43      (53
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Net deferred tax assets (liability)
   $ —       $ —   
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Unrecognized Tax Benefits Activity
Following is a tabular reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits activity during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):
 
    
2023
    
2022
 
Unrecognized Tax Benefits – Beginning
   $ 209      $ 81  
Gross decreases – tax positions in prior period
     (16      (1
Gross increase – current-period tax positions
     215        129  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
Unrecognized Tax Benefits – Ending
   $ 408      $ 209