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Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Reconciliation of Total Income Tax Provision

A reconciliation of the total income tax provision tax rate to the statutory federal income tax rates of 21.0% for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, is as follows:

			2024				2023
Income tax expense (benefit) at federal statutory rate			(21.0	)%			(21.0	)%
Change in valuation allowance			23.8	%			25.5	%
Income tax benefit at state statutory rate			(0.3	)%			(0.2	)%
Share-based compensation			0.9	%			1.0	%
Warrants			(2.6	)%			—
NOLs expiring and adjustments to NOL			(0.1	)%			(0.1	)%
Research credit			(0.7	)%			(5.1	)%
Return to provision			—				(0.1	)%
			(0.0	)%			0.0	%

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of our deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows (in thousands):

			2024				2023
Deferred tax assets:
Accrued expenses		$	249			$	269
Share-based compensation			94				99
Net operating loss carryforwards			15,412				13,397
Income tax credit carryforwards			1,725				1,630
Property and equipment, net			218				154
Intangible assets			730				685
Capitalized R&D			3,949				2,842
Other, net			213				453
Total deferred tax assets			22,590				19,529
Valuation allowance			(22,575	)			(19,486	)
Total deferred tax assets, net of allowance			15				43
Deferred tax liabilities:
Other			(15	)			(43	)
Total deferred tax liability			(15	)			(43	)
Net deferred tax assets (liability)		$	—			$	—

Unrecognized Tax Benefits Activity

Following is a tabular reconciliation of the unrecognized tax benefits activity during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

			2024				2023
Unrecognized Tax Benefits – Beginning		$	408			$	209
Gross decreases – tax positions in prior period			(5	)			(16	)
Gross increase – current-period tax positions			21				215
Unrecognized Tax Benefits – Ending		$	424			$	408

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Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.

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Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

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Tabular disclosure of the change in unrecognized tax benefits.

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