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SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2011
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract] |
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES | NOTE 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Consolidated Financial Statements The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Bovie and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Aaron Medical Industries, Inc., Bovie Holdings, Inc. (which in turn prior to June 30, 2010 owned 100% of Bovie Canada ulc) and Jump Agentur Fur Electrotechnik Gmbh (“JAG”) (collectively, the “Company” or “we”, “our” or “us”). All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires us to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. The reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period may be affected by the estimates and assumptions we are required to make. Estimates that are critical to the accompanying consolidated financial statements relate principally to the adequacy of our inventory allowances and the recoverability of certain intangibles and our deferred income tax assets. In addition, stock-based compensation and the fair value of certain warrants represent significant estimates as such expense is derived from a formula that uses various assumptions to estimate the future but unknown value of our common stock. The markets for the Company's products are characterized by intense price competition, rapid technological development, evolving standards and short product life cycles, all of which could impact the future realization of its assets. Estimates and assumptions are reviewed periodically and the effects of revisions are reflected in the period that they are determined to be necessary. It is at least reasonably possible that the Company's estimates could change in the near term with respect to these matters. Cash and Cash Equivalents Holdings of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less are considered to be cash equivalents. Fair Values of Financial Instruments and Concentration of Credit Risk The carrying amount of our financial instruments included in current assets and liabilities approximates fair value due to their short term nature. In addition, we believe the book values of our bonds payable and capital lease payable approximates their fair values as the terms of such obligation approximates the terms at which similar types of borrowing arrangements could be currently obtained. Financial instruments, which potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, and trade accounts receivable. With respect to cash, we frequently maintain cash and cash equivalent balances in excess of federally insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts. See Note 6 for discussion of fair market value measurements of other liabilities. With respect to receivables, our ten largest customers accounted for approximately 62%, 61% and 65% of trade receivables as of December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and 64.6%, 66.5% and 71.5% of net revenues for the respective years then ended. In 2011, no customer accounted for over 10% of total revenues. In 2010 Arthrex and National Distribution and Contracting, Inc. amounted to 11.4% and 11.2%, respectively and in 2009, Arthrex was our only customer that accounted for over 10% of total revenues, accounting for 22% of such revenues. All of these entities are customers of our U.S. operations. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and generally do not require collateral because we believe we have procedures in place to limit potential for significant losses, and because of the nature of our customer base. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Our credit terms for our billings range from net 10 days to net 30 days, depending on the customer agreement. Accounts receivable are determined to be past due if payments are not made in accordance with such agreements and a reserve is created for them when they become three months past due or sooner if there are other indicators that the receivables may not be recovered. Customary collection efforts are initiated and receivables are written off when we determine they are not collectible and abandon these collection efforts. We gave negotiated sales volume discounts, which amounted to approximately $520,000, $522,000 and $534,000 for 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Sales are reported net of all discounts. We evaluate the allowance for doubtful accounts on a regular basis for adequacy based upon our periodic review of the collectability of the receivables in light of historical experience, adverse situations that may affect our customers' ability to pay, estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available. Substantially all of the receivables included in the accompanying balance sheets were recovered subsequent to the respective year ends. Because of this, and because historical losses on accounts receivable have not been material, management believes that the allowances for doubtful accounts of approximately $20,000 and $14,600 at December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, are, or were, adequate to provide for possible bad debts. Inventories and Repair Parts Inventories are stated at the lower of average cost or market. Finished goods and work-in-process inventories include material, labor, and overhead costs. Factory overhead costs are allocated to inventory manufactured in-house based upon cost of materials. We monitor usage reports to determine if the carrying value of any items should be adjusted due to lack of demand for the item and adjust the inventory for estimated obsolescence or unusable inventory equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required. Inventories at December 31, 2011 and 2010 were as follows (in thousands):
|  | 2011 |  |  | 2010 |
Raw materials |  | $ | 5,043 |  |  | $ | 4,586 |
Work in process |  |  | 1,865 |  |  |  | 2,315 |
Finished goods |  |  | 1,822 |  |  |  | 1,218 |
Gross inventories |  |  | 8,730 |  |  |  | 8,119 |
Less: reserve for obsolescence |  |  | (552 | ) |  |  | (514 | )
Net inventories |  | $ | 8,178 |  |  | $ | 7,605 |
During 2011, the reserves and related costs of sales increased by approximately $37,000. In 2010 and 2009 the reserves and related cost of sales were reduced by approximately $8,400 and $27,000 respectively as a result of changes in estimates regarding the recoverability of certain types of our inventory. There are no reserves for finished goods or work in progress as of December 31, 2011 and 2010. Property and Equipment These assets are recorded at cost. Depreciation and amortization are provided for using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The amortization of leasehold improvements is based on the shorter of the lease term or the life of the improvement. Betterments and large improvements, which extend the life of the asset, are capitalized, whereas maintenance and repairs and small improvements are expensed as incurred. The estimated useful lives are: machinery and equipment, 3-10 years; buildings, 39 years; molds, 7-15 years and furniture and fixtures, 5-10 years. Intangible Assets These assets consist of licenses, purchased technology and brand name and trademarks. The licenses and purchased technology (other intangibles) are being amortized by the straight-line method over a 5-17 year period commencing with the date they were placed in service. Estimated aggregate amortization expense for the five years ending December 31, 2016 is expected to approximate $725,000. Brand name and trademark qualifies as an indefinite-lived intangible asset and is not subject to amortization. Intangibles with indefinite lives are analyzed for impairment annually, or more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired. If impaired, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess of the asset's carrying value over its fair value. Other Long-Lived Assets We review other long-lived assets for recoverability if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets may have been impaired. This circumstance exists when the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition. In those cases an impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the assets' carrying amount exceeds its fair value. Any impairment losses are not restored in the future if the fair value increases. At December 31, 2011, we believe the remaining carrying values of our long-lived assets are recoverable. Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized when title has been transferred to the customer, which is generally at the time of shipment. The following policies apply to our major categories of revenue transactions:
| ● | Sales to customers are evidenced by firm purchase orders. Title and the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the customer when the product is shipped. Payment by the customer is due under fixed payment terms.
| ● | Product returns are only accepted at our discretion and in accordance with our “Returned Goods Policy.” Historically, the level of product returns has not been significant. We accrue for sales returns, rebates and allowances based upon an analysis of historical customer returns and credits, rebates, discounts and current market conditions.
| ● | Our terms of sale to customers generally do not include any obligations to perform future services. Limited warranties are generally provided for sales and provisions for warranty are provided at the time of product sale based upon an analysis of historical data.
| ● | Amounts billed to customers related to shipping and handling are included in net sales. Shipping and handling costs included in cost of sales were approximately $129,000, $121,000 and $106,000 in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
We have no consignment inventory with customers but we do have inventory of approximately $800,000 and $1.0 million, respectively located at contract manufacturers that produce components for us. Advertising Costs All advertising costs are expensed as incurred. The amounts of advertising costs were approximately $305,000, $276,000, and $216,000 for 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Stock-Based Compensation We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. ASC 718 requires recognizing compensation costs for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors based upon the awards' grant date fair value. The standard covers employee stock options, restricted stock, and other equity awards. For stock options, we use a binomial lattice option-pricing model to estimate the grant date fair value of stock option awards, and recognize compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the awards' vesting periods. Tax Effects of Stock-Based Compensation We will only recognize a tax benefit from windfall tax deductions for stock-based awards in additional paid-in capital if an incremental tax benefit is realized after all other tax attributes currently available have been utilized. Net Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share We compute basic earnings (loss) per share by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the reporting period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share gives effect to all potential dilutive shares outstanding (in our case, stock options that are in the money) during the period. The number of dilutive shares is calculated using the treasury method which reduces the effective number of shares by the amount of shares we could purchase with the proceeds of assumed exercises. During the year ended December 31, 2011, we reported net income per share and, accordingly, common equivalent shares outstanding as of December 31, 2011, which consisted of employee stock options and warrants issued in connection with our private placement. During periods of net loss per share these employee stock options and warrants are excluded from diluted net loss per common share calculations as of such dates because they are anti-dilutive and results in basic and diluted loss per share to be equivalent. Research and Development Costs With the exception of development costs that are purchased from another enterprise and have alternative future use, research and development expenses are charged to operations as incurred. Research and Development Costs for Others For research and development activities that are partially or completely funded by other parties, and when the obligation is incurred solely to perform contractual services, expenses are charged to cost of sales and all revenues are shown as sales. Income Taxes The provision for income taxes includes federal, foreign, state and local income taxes currently payable and those deferred because of temporary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets or liabilities are computed based on the difference between the financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted marginal tax rates. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. Deferred income tax expenses or credits are based on the changes in the asset or liability from period to period. We have net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards available in certain jurisdictions to reduce future taxable income. Future tax benefits for net operating loss and tax credit carry forwards are recognized to the extent that realization of these benefits is considered more likely than not. This determination is based on the expectation that related operations will be sufficiently profitable or that various tax, business and other planning strategies will enable us to utilize the operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. We cannot be assured that we will be able to realize these future tax benefits or that future valuation allowances will not be required. To the extent that available evidence raises doubt about the realization of a deferred income tax asset, a valuation allowance is established. It is our policy to provide for uncertain tax positions and the related interest and penalties based upon management's assessment of whether a tax benefit is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. To the extent that the probable tax outcome of these uncertain tax positions changes, such changes in estimate will impact the income tax provision in the period in which such determination is made. At December 31, 2011, we believe we have appropriately accounted for any unrecognized tax benefits. To the extent we prevail in matters for which a liability for an unrecognized tax benefit is established or we are required to pay amounts in excess of the liability, our effective tax rate in a given financial statement period may be affected. Since inception, we have been subject to tax by both federal and state taxing authorities. Until the respective statutes of limitations expire (which may be as much as 20 years while we have unused NOL's), we are subject to income tax audits in the jurisdictions in which we operate. In 2010, we were notified that our 2008 tax year was selected for examination by the Internal Revenue Service. Subsequently, in March 2011, we received the final adjustments from the examination which resulted in a partial disallowance of approximately $350,000 of our net operating loss carryforwards. The adjustments related mainly to certain stock option expense amounts from 2004 that, according to the IRS, were not able to be substantiated due to the inability to recover pertinent records, and to our R&D credit carryforward and attributable expenses. We have agreed to the adjustments and, because the reductions are limited to our net operating loss carryforwards, no cash tax payment was needed as a result of the IRS examination. Foreign Currency Transactions The United States dollar is the functional currency of the Company's operations in the United States and in line with determining guidance outlined in FASB ASC Topic 830, has also been determined to be the functional currency for the Company's Canadian subsidiary, which was closed and consolidated to the Clearwater, Florida facility in 2010. FASB ASC Topic 830 provides for using the remeasurement method in converting the foreign subsidiary's financial statements into U.S. dollars. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currency are converted at the current rate, while nonmonetary assets, liabilities, and shareholder equity accounts are converted at the appropriate historical rate. Revenue and expenses are converted at the weighted-average exchange rate for the period. FASB ASC Topic 830 requires any gain or loss as a result of remeasurement to be included in current period income unless the investment in the subsidiary is not expected to be recovered in the foreseeable future. As our investment in the Canadian subsidiary was not expected to be recovered in the near future, we reflected the net gains and losses from the remeasurement as other accumulated comprehensive loss in the accompanying 2010 and 2009 statements of stockholders' equity and comprehensive income. For the year ended December 31, 2011 we had no comprehensive income or loss. Reclassifications Certain amounts in our prior years' financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

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