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SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Notes to Financial Statements  
NOTE 2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Bovie and its wholly owned subsidiaries, Aaron Medical Industries, Inc., BVX Holdings LLC, and Bovie Holdings, Inc., (collectively, the “Company” or “we”, “our” or “us”). All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

Use of Estimates in the Preparation of Financial Statements

 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires us to make certain estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements. The reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period may be affected by the estimates and assumptions we are required to make.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Holdings of highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less are considered to be cash equivalents.

 

Fair Values of Financial Instruments and Concentration of Credit Risk

 

The carrying amounts of our financial instruments included in current assets and liabilities approximate fair value due to their short term nature.  In addition, we believe the book values of our bonds payable and capital lease payable approximates their fair values as the terms of such obligations approximate the terms at which similar types of borrowing arrangements could be currently obtained.

 

Financial instruments, which potentially subject us to significant concentrations of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, and trade accounts receivable. With respect to cash, we frequently maintain cash and cash equivalent balances in excess of federally insured limits. We have not experienced any losses in such accounts.

  

With respect to receivables, our ten largest customers accounted for approximately 58%, 72% and 62% of trade receivables as of December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and 60.9%, 66.3% and 64.6% of net revenues for the respective years then ended. In 2013, three customers accounted for more than 10% of our sales, National Distribution & Contracting Inc., PSS World Medical, and McKesson Medical Surgical, who had 13.1%, 10.9% and 10.3% respectively. In 2012, National Distribution & Contracting Inc. accounted for 12.4% of our sales, while in 2011, no one customer accounted for over 10% of our sales.  All of these entities are customers of our U.S. operations.  We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers and generally do not require collateral because we believe we have procedures in place to limit potential for significant losses, and because of the nature of our customer base.

 

Derivative Financial Instruments

 

We generally do not use derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to cash-flow risks or market-risks. However, certain financial instruments, such as warrants, which are indexed to our common stock, are classified as liabilities when either (a) the holder possesses rights to net-cash settlement or (b) physical or net-share settlement is not within our control.  In such instances, net-cash settlement is assumed for financial accounting and reporting purposes, even when the terms of the underlying contracts do not provide for net-cash settlement.  Such financial instruments are initially recorded, and continuously carried, at fair value.

 

Determining the fair value of these instruments involves judgment and the use of certain relevant assumptions including, but not limited to, interest rate risk, historical volatility and stock price, estimated life of the derivative, anti-dilution provisions, and conversion/redemption privileges.  The use of different assumptions or changes in those assumptions could have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

 

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

Our credit terms for our billings range from net 10 days to net 30 days, depending on the customer agreement.  Accounts receivable are determined to be past due if payments are not made in accordance with such agreements and an allowance is recorded for accounts that become three months past due or sooner if there are other indicators that the receivables may not be recovered.  Customary collection efforts are initiated and receivables are written off when we determine they are not collectible and abandon these collection efforts. We gave negotiated sales volume discounts, which amounted to approximately $523,000, $565,000 and $520,000 for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Sales are reported net of all discounts.

 

We evaluate the allowance for doubtful accounts on a regular basis for adequacy based upon our periodic review of the collectability of the receivables in light of historical experience, adverse situations that may affect our customers’ ability to pay, estimated value of any underlying collateral and prevailing economic conditions.  This evaluation is inherently subjective, as it requires estimates that are susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.  Substantially all of the receivables included in the accompanying balance sheets were recovered subsequent to the respective year ends.  Because of this, and because historical losses on accounts receivable have not been material, management believes that the allowances for doubtful accounts of approximately $39,000 and $32,000 at December 31, 2013 and 2012, respectively, are, or were, adequate to provide for possible bad debts.

 

Inventories and Repair Parts

 

Inventories are stated at the lower of average cost or market. Finished goods and work-in-process inventories include material, labor, and overhead costs. Factory overhead costs are allocated to inventory manufactured in-house based upon cost of materials.

 

We monitor usage reports to determine if the carrying value of any items should be adjusted due to lack of demand for the item and adjust the inventory for estimated obsolescence or unusable inventory equal to the difference between the cost of inventory and the estimated market value based upon assumptions about future demand and market conditions. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory write-downs may be required.

 

Inventories at December 31, 2013 and 2012 were as follows (in thousands):

 

    2013     2012  
             
Raw materials   $ 5,470     $ 5,133  
Work in process     882       853  
Finished goods     2,455       2,016  
Gross inventories     8,807       8,002  
Less: reserve for obsolescence     (392 )     (459 )
                 
Net inventories   $ 8,415     $ 7,543  

 

During 2013, the reserves for raw materials inventory and related costs of sales decreased by approximately $67,000 due to disposing of old inventory. In 2012, the reserve and related cost of sales decreased by approximately $93,000 as a result of changes in estimates regarding the recoverability of certain types of our inventory. There are no reserves for finished goods or work in progress as of December 31, 2013 and 2012.

 

Property and Equipment

 

These assets are recorded at cost.  Depreciation and amortization are provided for using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The amortization of leasehold improvements is based on the shorter of the lease term or the life of the improvement. Betterments and large improvements, which extend the life of the asset, are capitalized, whereas maintenance and repairs and small improvements are expensed as incurred. The estimated useful lives are: machinery and equipment, 3-10 years; buildings, 39 years; molds, 7-15 years and furniture and fixtures, 5-10 years.

 

Intangible Assets

 

These assets consist of licenses, purchased technology and brand name and trademarks.  The licenses and purchased technology (other intangibles) are being amortized by the straight-line method over a 5-17 year period commencing with the date they were placed in service. Estimated aggregate amortization expense for the five years ending December 31, 2018 is expected to approximate $577,000.

 

Brand name and trademark qualifies as an indefinite-lived intangible asset and is not subject to amortization.  Intangibles with indefinite lives are analyzed for impairment annually or more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset may be impaired.  If impaired, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to the excess of the asset's carrying value over its fair value.

 

Other Long-Lived Assets

 

We review other long-lived assets for recoverability if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets may have been impaired. This circumstance exists when the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from its use and eventual disposition.  In those cases an impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the assets’ carrying amount exceeds its fair value.  Any impairment losses are not restored in the future if the fair value increases. At December 31, 2013, we believe the remaining carrying values of our long-lived assets are recoverable.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Revenue is recognized when title has been transferred to the customer, which is generally at the time of shipment. The following policies apply to our major categories of revenue transactions:

 

· Sales to customers are evidenced by firm purchase orders. Title and the risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the customer when the product is shipped. Payment by the customer is due under fixed payment terms.

 

· Product returns are only accepted at our discretion and in accordance with our “Returned Goods Policy.” Historically, the level of product returns has not been significant. We accrue for sales returns, rebates and allowances based upon an analysis of historical customer returns and credits, rebates, discounts and current market conditions.

 

· Our terms of sale to customers generally do not include any obligations to perform future services. Limited warranties are generally provided for sales and provisions for warranty are provided at the time of product sale based upon an analysis of historical data.

 

· Amounts billed to customers related to shipping and handling charges are included in net sales. Shipping and handling costs included in cost of sales were approximately $104,000, $128,000 and $129,000 in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

Advertising Costs

 

All advertising costs are expensed as incurred. The amounts of advertising costs were approximately $305,000, $277,000, and $305,000 for the years ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. ASC 718 requires recognizing compensation costs for all share-based payment awards made to employees and directors based upon the awards’ grant date fair value. The standard covers employee stock options, restricted stock, and other equity awards. For stock options, we use a binomial lattice option-pricing model to estimate the grant date fair value of stock option awards, and recognize compensation cost on a straight-line basis over the awards’ vesting periods.

 

Litigation Contingencies

 

From time to time, we are exposed to claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business and use various methods to resolve these matters in a manner that we believe serves the best interest of the Company and our stockholders. There can be no assurance these actions or other third party assertions will be resolved without costly litigation, or in a manner that is not adverse to our financial position. We do not believe that any of the currently identified claims or litigation matters will have a material adverse impact on our results of operations, cash flows or financial condition. However, given uncertainties associated with any litigation, if our assessments prove to be wrong, or if additional information becomes available such that we estimate that there is a possible loss or possible range of loss associated with these contingencies, then we would record the minimum estimated liability, which could materially impact our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.

 

Tax Effects of Stock-Based Compensation

 

We will only recognize a tax benefit from windfall tax deductions for stock-based awards in additional paid-in capital if an incremental tax benefit is realized after all other tax attributes currently available have been utilized.

 

Net Earnings (Loss) Per Common Share

 

We compute basic earnings (loss) attributable to common shareholders per share by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the reporting period.  Diluted earnings (loss) attributable to common shareholders per share gives effect to all potential dilutive shares outstanding (in our case, stock options that are in the money) during the period.  The number of dilutive shares is calculated using the treasury method which reduces the effective number of shares by the amount of shares we could purchase with the proceeds of assumed exercises. In 2013, the net loss per share the employee stock options and warrants are excluded from diluted net loss per common share calculations as of such dates because they are anti-dilutive and results in basic and diluted loss per share to be equivalent.

 

During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, we reported net income per share and, accordingly, common equivalent shares outstanding as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, which consisted of employee stock options and warrants issued in connection with our private placement were included. The number of common share equivalents at December 31, 2013, not included in the computation was approximately 12,900,000.

 

Research and Development Costs

 

With the exception of development costs that are purchased from another enterprise and have alternative future use, research and development expenses are charged to operations as incurred.

 

Research and Development Costs for Others

 

For research and development activities that are partially or completely funded by other parties, and when the obligation is incurred solely to perform contractual services, expenses are charged to cost of sales and all revenues resulting from such activities are shown as sales. We have expended $1.3 million, $1.3 million, and $1.2 million for the years ended 2013, 2012, and 2011 respectively.

 

Income Taxes

 

The provision for income taxes includes federal, foreign, state and local income taxes currently payable and those deferred because of temporary differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets or liabilities are computed based on the difference between the financial statement and income tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted marginal tax rates. Valuation allowances are recorded to reduce deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized. Deferred income tax expenses or credits are based on the changes in the asset or liability from period to period.

 

We have net operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards available in certain jurisdictions to reduce future taxable income. Future tax benefits for net operating loss and tax credit carry forwards are recognized to the extent that realization of these benefits is considered more likely than not. This determination is based on the expectation that related operations will be sufficiently profitable or that various tax, business and other planning strategies will enable us to utilize the operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. We cannot be assured that we will be able to realize these future tax benefits or that future valuation allowances will not be required. To the extent that available evidence raises doubt about the realization of a deferred income tax asset, a valuation allowance is established.

 

It is our policy to provide for uncertain tax positions and the related interest and penalties based upon management’s assessment of whether a tax benefit is more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. To the extent that the probable tax outcome of these uncertain tax positions changes, such changes in estimate will impact the income tax provision in the period in which such determination is made. At December 31, 2013, we believe we have appropriately accounted for any unrecognized tax benefits. To the extent we prevail in matters for which a liability for an unrecognized tax benefit is established or we are required to pay amounts in excess of the liability, our effective tax rate in a given financial statement period may be affected.

 

Since inception, we have been subject to tax by both federal and state taxing authorities. Until the respective statutes of limitations expire (which may be as much as 20 years while we have unused NOL’s), we are subject to income tax audits in the jurisdictions in which we operate.

 

Reclassifications

 

Certain amounts in our prior years’ financial statements have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.