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Stock-based Compensation Plans (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2019
Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs Sharebased Payments [Abstract]  
Stock-based Compensation Expense Included in Operating Expense

Stock-based compensation expense was included in the following operating expense categories as follows (in thousands):

 

 

 

Three months ended

March 31,

 

 

 

2018

 

 

2019

 

Service costs

 

$

128

 

 

$

59

 

Sales and marketing

 

 

214

 

 

 

177

 

Product development

 

 

91

 

 

 

76

 

General and administrative

 

 

518

 

 

 

233

 

Total stock-based compensation

 

$

951

 

 

$

545

 

Assumptions to Estimate Fair Value for Stock Options at Grant Date

The following weighted average assumptions were used in determining the fair value of time-vested stock option grants for the periods presented:

 

 

 

Three months ended

March 31,

 

 

2018

 

2019

Expected life (in years)

 

4.0

 

4.0

Risk-free interest rate

 

2.54%

 

2.22%

Expected volatility

 

53%

 

40%

Expected dividend yield

 

0% - 3.57%

 

0%

Summary of Stock Option

Stock option activity during the three months ended March 31, 2019 is summarized as follows:

 

 

 

Shares

(in thousands)

 

 

Weighted average

exercise price

 

 

Weighted average

remaining

contractual term

(in years)

 

 

Balance at December 31, 2018

 

 

5,511

 

 

$

4.98

 

 

 

5.53

 

 

Options granted

 

 

110

 

 

 

4.03

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options forfeited

 

 

(160

)

 

 

3.23

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options expired

 

 

(123

)

 

 

5.90

 

 

 

 

 

 

Options exercised

 

 

(55

)

 

 

3.30

 

 

 

 

 

 

Balance at March 31, 2019

 

 

5,283

 

 

$

5.01

 

 

 

5.05

 

 

Summary of Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units

Restricted stock awards and restricted stock unit activity during the three months ended March 31, 2019 is summarized as follows:

 

 

 

Shares/

Units

(in thousands)

 

 

Weighted average

grant date

fair value

 

Unvested balance at December 31, 2018

 

 

1,264

 

 

$

3.28

 

Granted

 

 

120

 

 

 

4.18

 

Vested

 

 

(31

)

 

 

3.92

 

Forfeited

 

 

(97

)

 

 

3.84

 

Unvested balance at March 31, 2019

 

 

1,256

 

 

$

3.31