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Prepayments and Other Receivables
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Prepayments and Other Receivables [Abstract]  
Prepayments and Other Receivables
6. Prepayments and Other Receivables

 

Prepayments and other receivables as of December 31, 2018 and 2019 consisted of the following:

 

   December 31,   December 31, 
   2018   2019 
Value added tax recoverable  $5,359,275   $4,124,624 
Prepayments to suppliers   1,157,966    60,090 
Deposits   56,974    63,184 
Staff advances   54,207    53,731 
Prepaid operating expenses   309,415    317,151 
Others   212,617    124,133 
    7,150,454    4,742,913 
Less: Allowance for doubtful accounts   (7,000)   (7,000)
   $7,143,454   $4,735,913