(7) Share-Based Compensation

AstroNova has two equity incentive plans – the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2007 Plan”) and the 2015 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2015 Plan”). Under these plans, the Company may grant incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, time or performance based restricted stock units (RSUs), restricted stock awards (RSAs), and other stock-based awards to executives, key employees, directors and other eligible individuals. At April 30, 2016, 84,650 shares were available for grant under the 2007 Plan, of which 50,000 are reserved for stock options that the Company is obligated to issue to its CEO in fiscal 2018 pursuant to an Equity Incentive Award Agreement dated as of November 24, 2014 (the “CEO Equity Incentive Agreement”). The 2007 Plan will expire in May 2017. The 2015 Plan was approved by the Company’s shareholders at the 2015 annual meeting. The 2015 Plan authorized the issuance of up to 500,000 shares (subject to adjustment for stock dividends and stock splits) and will expire in May 2025. At April 30, 2016, 234,264 shares were available for grant under the 2015 Plan. Options granted to date to employees under both plans vest over four years and expire after ten years. The exercise price of each stock option is established at the discretion of the Compensation Committee; however, any incentive stock options granted under the 2007 plan, and all options granted under the 2015 Plan, must be at an exercise price of not less than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant.

Under the plans, each non-employee director receives an automatic annual grant of ten-year options to purchase 5,000 shares of stock upon the adjournment of each shareholders meeting. Each such option is exercisable at the fair market value of the Company’s common stock as of the grant date, and vests immediately prior to the next succeeding shareholders’ meeting. In addition to the automatic option grant, the Company has a Non-Employee Director Annual Compensation Program (the “Program”) which provides that each non-employee director is entitled to an annual cash retainer of $7,000 (the “Annual Cash Retainer”), plus $500 for each Board and committee meeting attended. In addition, the Chairman of the Board also receives an annual retainer of $6,000, and the Chairs of the Audit and Compensation Committees each receive an annual retainer of $4,000 (“Chair Retainer”). The non-employee directors may elect, for any fiscal year, to receive all or a portion of the Annual Cash Retainer and/or Chair Retainer (collectively the “Cash Retainer”) in the form of common stock of the Company, which will be issued under one of the Plans. If a non-employee director elects to receive all or a portion of the Cash Retainer in the form of common stock, such shares shall be issued in four quarterly installments on the first day of each fiscal quarter, and the number of shares of common stock to be issued shall be based on the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date such installment is payable. The common stock received in lieu of such Cash Retainer is fully vested upon issuance. However, a non-employee director who receives common stock in lieu of all or a portion of the Cash Retainer may not sell, transfer, assign, pledge or otherwise encumber the common stock prior to the first anniversary of the date on which such shares were issuable. In the event of the death or disability of a non-employee director, or a change in control of the Company, any shares of common stock issued in lieu of the Cash Retainer, shall no longer be subject to such restrictions on transfer. During the first quarter of fiscal 2017, 567 shares were awarded to non-employee directors in lieu of the Cash Retainer.

In addition, under the Program, each non-employee director receives RSAs with a value equal to $20,000 (the “Equity Retainer”) upon adjournment of each annual shareholders’ meeting. If a non-employee director is first appointed or elected to the Board of Directors effective on a date other than the annual shareholders’ meeting, on the date of such appointment or election the director shall receive a pro rata award of restricted common stock having a value based on the number of days remaining until the next annual meeting. The Equity Retainer will vest on the earlier of 12 months after the grant date or the date immediately prior to the next annual meeting of the shareholders following the meeting at which such RSAs were granted. However, a non-employee director may not sell, transfer, assign, pledge or otherwise encumber the vested common stock prior to the second anniversary of the vesting date. In the event of the death or disability of a non-employee director, or a change in control of the Company, the RSAs shall immediately vest and shall no longer be subject to such restrictions on transfer.

In April 2013 (fiscal year 2014), the Company granted options and RSUs to officers (“2014 RSUs”). The 2014 RSUs vest as follows: twenty-five percent vest on the third anniversary of the grant date, fifty percent vest upon the Company achieving its cumulative budgeted net sales target for fiscal years 2014 through 2016 (the “Measurement Period”), and twenty-five percent vest upon the Company achieving a target average annual ORONA (operating income return on net assets as calculated under the Domestic Management Bonus Plan) for the Measurement Period. The grantee may not sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of more than fifty percent of the common stock issued upon vesting of the 2014 RSUs until the first anniversary of the vesting date. On February 1, 2014, the Company accelerated the vesting of 4,166 of the 2014 RSUs held by Everett Pizzuti in connection with his retirement. In April 2016, 9,300 of the 2014 RSUs vested, as the Company achieved the targeted average annual ORONA, as defined in the plan, for the Measurement Period and another 9,300 vested as a result of the third year anniversary date of the grant.

In March 2015 (fiscal year 2016), the Company granted 50,000 options and 537 RSAs to its CEO pursuant to the CEO Equity Incentive Agreement, and 35,000 options to other key employees. The options and RSAs vest in four equal annual installments commencing on the first anniversary of the grant date.

In May 2015 (fiscal year 2016), the Company granted an aggregate of 80,000 time-based and 155,000 performance-based RSUs (“2016 RSUs”) to certain officers of the Company. The time-based 2016 RSUs will vest in four equal annual installments commencing on the first anniversary of the grant date. The performance-based 2016 RSUs will vest over three years based upon the increase in net sales, if any, achieved each fiscal year relative to a three-year net sales increase goal. Performance-based 2016 RSUs that are earned based on organic revenue growth will be fully vested when earned, while those earned based on revenue growth via acquisitions will vest annually over a three-year period following the fiscal year in which the revenue growth occurs. Any performance-based 2016 RSUs that have not been earned at the end of the three-year performance period will be forfeited. The expense for such shares is recognized in the fiscal year in which the results are achieved, however, the shares are not fully earned until approved by the Compensation Committee in the first quarter of the following fiscal year. Based upon revenue in fiscal 2016, 15,810 of the performance based 2016 RSUs were earned in the first quarter of fiscal 2017.

In March 2016 (fiscal year 2017), the Company granted 50,000 options and 4,030 RSAs to its CEO pursuant to the CEO Equity Incentive Agreement. The options and RSAs vest in four equal annual installments commencing on the first anniversary of the grant date.

We account for compensation cost related to share-based payments based on the estimated fair value of the stock options, RSUs and RSAs when awarded. We have estimated the fair value of each option on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Our estimate requires a number of complex and subjective assumptions including our stock price volatility, employee exercise patterns (expected life of the options), the risk-free interest rate and the Company’s dividend yield. The stock price volatility assumption is based on the historical weekly price data of our common stock over a period equivalent to the weighted average expected life of our options. Management evaluated whether there were factors during that period which were unusual and would distort the volatility figure if used to estimate future volatility and concluded that there were no such factors. In determining the expected life of the option grants, the Company has observed the actual terms of prior grants with similar characteristics and the actual vesting schedule of the grant and has assessed the expected risk tolerance of different option groups. The risk-free interest rate is based on the actual U.S. Treasury zero coupon rate for bonds matching the expected term of the option as of the option grant date. The dividend assumption is based upon the prior year’s average dividend yield. Our accounting for share-based compensation for RSUs and RSAs is also based on the fair value method. The fair value of the RSUs and RSAs is based on the closing market price of the Company’s common stock on the grant date of the RSU or RSA. Reductions in compensation expense associated with forfeited awards are estimated at the date of grant, and this estimated forfeiture rate is adjusted periodically based on actual forfeiture experience.

Share-based compensation expense was recognized as follows:


	Three Months Ended
	April 30, 2016		May 2, 2015
(In thousands)
Stock Options	$	81	$	73
Restricted Stock Awards and Restricted Stock Units		230		68
Employee Stock Purchase Plan		3		2

Total	$	314	$	143

Stock Options

The fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended April 30, 2016 and May 2, 2015 was estimated using the following weighted average assumptions:


	Three Months Ended
	April 30, 2016			May 2, 2015
Risk Free Interest Rate		1.5	%		1.6	%
Expected Volatility		24.6	%		22.7	%
Expected Life (in years)		5.0			5.0
Dividend Yield		1.9	%		2.0	%

The weighted average fair value per share for options granted was $2.86 during the first quarter of fiscal 2017 as compared to $2.43 during the first quarter of fiscal 2016.

Aggregated information regarding stock options granted under the plans for the three months ended April 30, 2016 is summarized below:


	Number of Options			Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding at January 31, 2016		657,936		$	11.00		6.1	$	3,083,000
Granted		50,000			15.01
Exercised		(12,801	)		9.14
Forfeited		(225	)		14.20
Canceled		(2,273	)		8.14

Outstanding at April 30, 2016		692,637		$	11.33		6.3	$	2,120,393

Exercisable at April 30, 2016		450,812		$	10.04		5.0	$	1,942,012

As of April 30, 2016, there was approximately $493,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 2.9 years.

Restricted Stock Units (RSUs) and Restricted Stock Awards (RSAs)

Aggregated information regarding RSUs and RSAs granted under the Plan for the three months ended April 30, 2016 is summarized below:


	RSAs & RSUs			Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested at January 31, 2016		293,088		$	13.28
Granted		4,597			15.06
Vested		(34,180	)		11.90
Forfeited		(18,600	)		10.07

Unvested at April 30, 2016		244,905		$	13.75

As of April 30, 2016, there was approximately $1,191,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to RSUs and RSAs which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.7 years.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

AstroNova has an Employee Stock Purchase Plan allowing eligible employees to purchase shares of common stock at a 15% discount from fair value on the date of purchase. A total of 247,500 shares were reserved for issuance under this plan. During the quarters ended April 30, 2016 and May 2, 2015, there were 1,597 and 732 shares respectively, purchased under this plan. As of April 30, 2016, 50,003 shares remain available.