On July 26, 2023, we adopted a restructuring plan (the “2024 Restructuring Plan”) for our PI segment that transitioned a portion of the printer manufacturing within that segment from our facility in Rhode Island to our Astro Machine facility located in Illinois. Additionally, we ceased selling certain of our older, lower-margin or low-volume PI segment products and made targeted reductions to our workforce. As part of the 2024 Restructuring Plan, we also consolidated certain of our international PI sales and distribution facilities and streamlined our channel partner network. As of January 31, 2024, we have completed this plan.

As a result of the adoption and implementation of our 2024 Restructuring Plan, in fiscal 2024 we recognized a pre-tax restructuring charge of $2.6 million, comprised primarily of non-cash charges related to inventory write-offs associated with product curtailment and discontinuation and facility exit related costs, and cash charges related to severance-related costs. The following table is a summary of the restructuring costs by type included in the accompanying consolidated statement of income (loss) for the year ended January 31, 2024:


(In thousands)	Inventory Write-Off		Severance and Employee Related Costs		Facility Exit and Other Restructuring Costs		Total
Cost of Revenue	$	1,991	$	73	$	—	$	2,064
Operating Expenses:
Selling & Marketing		—		351		49		400
Research & Development		—		29		—		29
General & Administrative		—		83		—		83
Total	$	1,991	$	536	$	49		2,576

In connection with our 2024 Restructuring Plan, we identified the need to address quality and reliability issues in certain models of our PI printers as a result of faulty ink provided by one of our larger suppliers. We identified approximately 150 printers sold to our customers that were affected by the faulty ink. In order to remedy these issues and maintain solid customer relationships, during the second quarter of fiscal 2024, we initiated a program to retrofit all of the printers sold to our customers that were affected by the faulty ink.

The initial estimated costs associated with this program were $0.8 million, which included the cost of parts, labor and travel. During fiscal 2024, we worked with our customers to either repair or replace the affected printers. At the end of fiscal 2024, we adjusted our estimate of costs for this program as we determined not all customers wanted to retrofit their printers and consequently the program was concluded. As a result, at the end of the fourth quarter of fiscal 2024, we reversed $0.2 million of charges for this program. Total costs of this program as of January 31, 2024, were $0.6 million and are included in cost of revenue in the accompanying consolidated statement of income (loss) for the year ended January 31, 2024. This program was concluded by the end of fiscal 2024 and there was no balance in the related liability for this program at January 31, 2025 and January 31, 2024.