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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

þ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023

OR

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ____________ to ___________

Commission file number 0-22900

CENTURY CASINOS, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

DE LAWARE | 84-1271317
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization) |

455 E. Pikes Peak Ave., Suite 210, Colorado Springs, Colorado 80903

(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)

(719) 527-8300

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.01 Per Share Par Value | CNTY | Nasdaq Capital Market, Inc.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

| Large Accelerated Filer ¨ |  | Accelerated Filer þ |
| Non-accelerated Filer ¨ |  | Smaller Reporting Company þ |
|  |  | Emerging Growth Company ¨ |

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No þ

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:

30,359,931 shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, were outstanding as of November 3, 2023.

1

INDEX

Part I | FINANCIAL INFORMATION | Page
Item 1. | Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 | 3
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of (Loss) Earnings for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 | 4
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 | 5
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 | 6
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 | 7
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements | 8
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 35
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 55
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 55
Part II | OTHER INFORMATION
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 56
Item 5. | Other Information | 56
Item 6. | Exhibits | 57
Signatures | 58

‎

2

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

CENTURY CASINOS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)

|  | September 30, |  |  | December 31,
Amounts in thousands, except for share and per share information |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |
Current Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 189,005 |  | $ | 101,785
Receivables, net |  |  | 16,113 |  |  | 9,085
Prepaid expenses |  |  | 15,568 |  |  | 13,780
Inventories |  |  | 4,768 |  |  | 1,530
Restricted cash |  |  | — |  |  | 100,151
Other current assets |  |  | 2,367 |  |  | 1,688
Total Current Assets |  |  | 227,821 |  |  | 228,019
Property and equipment, net |  |  | 903,191 |  |  | 464,650
Leased right-of-use assets, net |  |  | 26,018 |  |  | 27,190
Goodwill |  |  | 85,636 |  |  | 9,583
Intangible assets, net |  |  | 85,735 |  |  | 44,771
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 29,035 |  |  | 15,579
Equity investment |  |  | — |  |  | 93,260
Note receivable, net of current portion and unamortized discount |  |  | 336 |  |  | 336
Deposits and other |  |  | 1,089 |  |  | 1,579
Total Assets |  | $ | 1,358,861 |  | $ | 884,967
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |
Current Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Current portion of long-term debt |  | $ | 4,909 |  | $ | 5,322
Current portion of operating lease liabilities |  |  | 3,580 |  |  | 3,947
Current portion of finance lease liabilities |  |  | 158 |  |  | 150
Accounts payable |  |  | 14,586 |  |  | 15,341
Accrued liabilities |  |  | 32,283 |  |  | 19,012
Accrued payroll |  |  | 16,047 |  |  | 11,840
Taxes payable |  |  | 21,768 |  |  | 9,801
Total Current Liabilities |  |  | 93,331 |  |  | 65,413
Long-term debt, net of current portion and deferred financing costs (Note 5) |  |  | 328,177 |  |  | 344,258
Long-term financing obligation to VICI Properties, Inc. subsidiaries (Note 6) |  |  | 653,996 |  |  | 284,904
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion |  |  | 25,490 |  |  | 26,016
Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion |  |  | 281 |  |  | 399
Taxes payable and other |  |  | 32,019 |  |  | 6,965
Deferred income taxes |  |  | — |  |  | 2,813
Total Liabilities |  |  | 1,133,294 |  |  | 730,768
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 7) |  |  |  |  |  |
Equity: |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred stock; $0.01 par value; 20,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding |  |  | — |  |  | —
Common stock; $0.01 par value; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 30,359,931 and 29,870,547 shares issued and outstanding |  |  | 304 |  |  | 299
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 123,230 |  |  | 121,653
Retained earnings |  |  | 19,888 |  |  | 37,265
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  |  | (14,543) |  |  | (15,189)
Total Century Casinos, Inc. Shareholders' Equity |  |  | 128,879 |  |  | 144,028
Non-controlling interests |  |  | 96,688 |  |  | 10,171
Total Equity |  |  | 225,567 |  |  | 154,199
Total Liabilities and Equity |  | $ | 1,358,861 |  | $ | 884,967

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

CENTURY CASINOS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF (LOSS) EARNINGS (Unaudited)

|  | For the three months |  | For the nine months
|  | ended September 30, |  | ended September 30,
Amounts in thousands, except for per share information |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Operating revenue: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gaming |  | $ | 111,232 |  | $ | 93,505 |  | $ | 306,373 |  | $ | 277,853
Pari-mutuel, sports betting and iGaming |  |  | 6,095 |  |  | 6,067 |  |  | 14,537 |  |  | 14,755
Hotel |  |  | 15,937 |  |  | 2,619 |  |  | 30,694 |  |  | 7,234
Food and beverage |  |  | 18,492 |  |  | 7,031 |  |  | 36,078 |  |  | 18,095
Other |  |  | 9,423 |  |  | 3,330 |  |  | 18,766 |  |  | 8,839
Net operating revenue |  |  | 161,179 |  |  | 112,552 |  |  | 406,448 |  |  | 326,776
Operating costs and expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gaming |  |  | 59,624 |  |  | 46,729 |  |  | 158,658 |  |  | 137,755
Pari-mutuel, sports betting and iGaming |  |  | 7,201 |  |  | 6,922 |  |  | 16,718 |  |  | 16,724
Hotel |  |  | 4,650 |  |  | 754 |  |  | 9,212 |  |  | 2,088
Food and beverage |  |  | 15,147 |  |  | 6,257 |  |  | 31,378 |  |  | 16,983
Other |  |  | 4,726 |  |  | 332 |  |  | 8,214 |  |  | 970
General and administrative |  |  | 43,187 |  |  | 25,847 |  |  | 103,920 |  |  | 78,032
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 12,518 |  |  | 6,776 |  |  | 29,562 |  |  | 20,350
(Gain) on sale of casino operations (Note 1) |  |  | (341) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,587) |  |  | —
Loss on sale of assets (Note 1) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,154
Total operating costs and expenses |  |  | 146,712 |  |  | 93,617 |  |  | 356,075 |  |  | 275,056
Earnings from equity investment |  |  | — |  |  | 1,071 |  |  | 1,121 |  |  | 2,134
Earnings from operations |  |  | 14,467 |  |  | 20,006 |  |  | 51,494 |  |  | 53,854
Non-operating (expense) income: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest income |  |  | 75 |  |  | 574 |  |  | 340 |  |  | 699
Interest expense |  |  | (31,443) |  |  | (15,924) |  |  | (67,439) |  |  | (48,638)
Gain on foreign currency transactions, cost recovery income and other (Note 1) |  |  | 367 |  |  | 409 |  |  | 4,184 |  |  | 2,725
Non-operating (expense) income, net |  |  | (31,001) |  |  | (14,941) |  |  | (62,915) |  |  | (45,214)
(Loss) earnings before income taxes |  |  | (16,534) |  |  | 5,065 |  |  | (11,421) |  |  | 8,640
Income tax (expense) benefit |  |  | 3,068 |  |  | (855) |  |  | 1,349 |  |  | 8,130
Net (loss) earnings |  |  | (13,466) |  |  | 4,210 |  |  | (10,072) |  |  | 16,770
Net earnings attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  | (709) |  |  | (1,266) |  |  | (7,305) |  |  | (4,752)
Net (loss) earnings attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders |  | $ | (14,175) |  | $ | 2,944 |  | $ | (17,377) |  | $ | 12,018
(Loss) earnings per share attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | (0.47) |  | $ | 0.10 |  | $ | (0.57) |  | $ | 0.40
Diluted |  | $ | (0.47) |  | $ | 0.09 |  | $ | (0.57) |  | $ | 0.38
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic |  |  | 30,340 |  |  | 29,864 |  |  | 30,245 |  |  | 29,790
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted |  |  | 30,340 |  |  | 31,404 |  |  | 30,245 |  |  | 31,523

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

‎

4

CENTURY CASINOS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME (Unaudited)

|  | For the three months |  | For the nine months
|  | ended September 30, |  | ended September 30,
Amounts in thousands |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Net (loss) earnings |  | $ | (13,466) |  | $ | 4,210 |  | $ | (10,072) |  | $ | 16,770
Other comprehensive (loss) income |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  |  | (3,643) |  |  | (9,272) |  |  | 659 |  |  | (13,002)
Other comprehensive (loss) income |  |  | (3,643) |  |  | (9,272) |  |  | 659 |  |  | (13,002)
Comprehensive (loss) income |  | $ | (17,109) |  | $ | (5,062) |  | $ | (9,413) |  | $ | 3,768
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net earnings attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  | (709) |  |  | (1,266) |  |  | (7,305) |  |  | (4,752)
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  |  | 680 |  |  | 1,035 |  |  | (13) |  |  | 1,764
Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders |  | $ | (17,138) |  | $ | (5,293) |  | $ | (16,731) |  | $ | 780

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

CENTURY CASINOS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (Unaudited)

|  | For the three months |  | For the nine months
|  | ended September 30, |  | ended September 30,
Amounts in thousands, except for share information |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Common Stock |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period |  | $ | 303 |  | $ | 299 |  | $ | 299 |  | $ | 296
Performance stock unit issuance |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 5 |  |  | 3
Balance, end of period |  |  | 304 |  |  | 299 |  |  | 304 |  |  | 299
Additional Paid-in Capital |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period |  | $ | 122,023 |  | $ | 119,970 |  | $ | 121,653 |  | $ | 118,469
Amortization of stock-based compensation |  |  | 1,082 |  |  | 953 |  |  | 2,746 |  |  | 2,638
Exercise of options |  |  | 125 |  |  | — |  |  | 125 |  |  | 252
Performance stock unit issuance |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,294) |  |  | (436)
Balance, end of period |  |  | 123,230 |  |  | 120,923 |  |  | 123,230 |  |  | 120,923
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period |  | $ | (11,580) |  | $ | (9,431) |  | $ | (15,189) |  | $ | (6,430)
Foreign currency translation adjustment |  |  | (2,963) |  |  | (8,237) |  |  | 646 |  |  | (11,238)
Balance, end of period |  |  | (14,543) |  |  | (17,668) |  |  | (14,543) |  |  | (17,668)
Retained Earnings |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period |  | $ | 34,063 |  | $ | 38,363 |  | $ | 37,265 |  | $ | 29,289
Net (loss) earnings |  |  | (14,175) |  |  | 2,944 |  |  | (17,377) |  |  | 12,018
Balance, end of period |  |  | 19,888 |  |  | 41,307 |  |  | 19,888 |  |  | 41,307
Total Century Casinos, Inc. Shareholders' Equity |  | $ | 128,879 |  | $ | 144,861 |  | $ | 128,879 |  | $ | 144,861
Noncontrolling Interests |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period |  | $ | 101,784 |  | $ | 9,530 |  | $ | 10,171 |  | $ | 8,733
Net earnings |  |  | 709 |  |  | 1,266 |  |  | 7,305 |  |  | 4,752
Foreign currency translation adjustment |  |  | (680) |  |  | (1,035) |  |  | 13 |  |  | (1,764)
Distributions to non-controlling interests |  |  | (5,125) |  |  | (1,315) |  |  | (12,926) |  |  | (3,275)
Consolidation of Smooth Bourbon, LLC |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 92,125 |  |  | —
Balance, end of period |  |  | 96,688 |  |  | 8,446 |  |  | 96,688 |  |  | 8,446
Total Equity |  | $ | 225,567 |  | $ | 153,307 |  | $ | 225,567 |  | $ | 153,307
Common shares issued |  |  | 25,000 |  |  | — |  |  | 489,384 |  |  | 239,233

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

6

CENTURY CASINOS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)

| For the nine months
| ended September 30,
Amounts in thousands |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Cash Flows provided by Operating Activities: |  |  |
Net (loss) earnings |  | $ | (10,072) |  | $ | 16,770
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 29,562 |  |  | 20,350
Lease amortization |  |  | 2,938 |  |  | 2,763
Loss (gain) on disposition of fixed assets |  |  | 526 |  |  | (37)
Income from equity investment |  |  | (1,121) |  |  | —
Amortization of stock-based compensation expense |  |  | 2,746 |  |  | 2,638
Amortization of deferred financing costs and discount on note receivable |  |  | 2,021 |  |  | 9,042
Loss on debt extinguishment (Note 1) |  |  | 7,299 |  |  | —
Loss on sale of assets (Note 1) |  |  | — |  |  | 2,154
Gain on sale of operations (Note 1) |  |  | (1,587) |  |  | —
Deferred taxes |  |  | (16,104) |  |  | (13,616)
Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Receivables, net |  |  | (1,816) |  |  | (20)
Prepaid expenses and other assets |  |  | 3,050 |  |  | 3,557
Accounts payable |  |  | (7,484) |  |  | (6,516)
Other current and long-term liabilities |  |  | 7,283 |  |  | 3,190
Inventories |  |  | 156 |  |  | (169)
Accrued payroll |  |  | 479 |  |  | 306
Taxes payable |  |  | 10,114 |  |  | (3,724)
Net cash provided by operating activities |  |  | 27,990 |  |  | 36,688
Cash Flows used in Investing Activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchases of property and equipment |  |  | (42,012) |  |  | (12,938)
Smooth Bourbon dividends (Note 3) |  |  | 2,256 |  |  | 982
Smooth Bourbon consolidation (Note 3) |  |  | 528 |  |  | (95,000)
Nugget acquisition, net of cash acquired (Note 3) |  |  | (98,792) |  |  | —
Rocky Gap acquisition, net of cash acquired (Note 3) |  |  | (53,026) |  |  | —
Purchase of intangible assets - casino license |  |  | — |  |  | (390)
Proceeds from disposition of assets |  |  | 89 |  |  | 124
Century Casino Calgary sale earn out |  |  | 1,587 |  |  | —
Calgary asset sale (Note 1) |  |  | — |  |  | 6,330
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (189,370) |  |  | (100,892)
Cash Flows provided by Financing Activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from borrowings |  |  | 55,200 |  |  | 350,000
Principal payments |  |  | (55,825) |  |  | (170,141)
Payment of deferred financing costs |  |  | — |  |  | (18,857)
Proceeds from sale leaseback (Note 1) |  |  | 162,648 |  |  | —
Distribution to non-controlling interest |  |  | (12,926) |  |  | (2,378)
Repurchase of shares to satisfy tax withholding |  |  | (1,290) |  |  | (434)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options |  |  | 126 |  |  | 253
Net cash provided by financing activities |  |  | 147,933 |  |  | 158,443
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash |  | $ | 559 |  | $ | (2,781)
(Decrease) Increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash |  | $ | (12,888) |  | $ | 91,458
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash at Beginning of Period |  | $ | 202,131 |  | $ | 108,041
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash at End of Period |  | $ | 189,243 |  | $ | 199,499
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest paid |  | $ | 53,373 |  | $ | 37,439
Income taxes paid |  | $ | 4,806 |  | $ | 6,489
Income tax refunds |  | $ | — |  | $ | 890
Non-Cash Investing Activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase of property and equipment on account |  | $ | 7,013 |  | $ | 2,304
Non-Cash Financing Activities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Distributions payable to non-controlling shareholders |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1,003

See notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

7

CENTURY CASINOS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

1.DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Century Casinos, Inc. (the “Company”) is a casino entertainment company with operations primarily in North America. The Company’s operations as of September 30, 2023 are detailed below.

The Company owns, operates and manages the following casinos through wholly-owned subsidiaries in North America:

The Century Casino & Hotel in Central City, Colorado (“CTL”)

The Century Casino & Hotel in Cripple Creek, Colorado (“CRC”)

Mountaineer Casino, Resort & Races in New Cumberland, West Virginia (“Mountaineer” or “MTR”) (1)

The Century Casino Cape Girardeau, Missouri (“Cape Girardeau” or “CCG”) (1)

The Century Casino Caruthersville, Missouri (“Caruthersville” or “CCV”) (1)

Nugget Casino Resort in Sparks, Nevada (“Nugget”) (2)

Rocky Gap Casino, Resort & Golf in Flintstone, Maryland (“Rocky Gap”) (1)

The Century Casino & Hotel in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (“Century Resorts Alberta” or “CRA”)(1)

The Century Casino St. Albert in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (“CSA”) (1); and

Century Mile Racetrack and Casino in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (“CMR” or “Century Mile”) (1)

(1)Subsidiaries of VICI Properties Inc. (“VICI”), an unaffiliated third party, own the real estate assets underlying these properties, and subsidiaries of the Company lease these properties under a master lease with VICI.

(2)Smooth Bourbon, LLC (“Smooth Bourbon”), a 50% owned subsidiary of the Company, owns the real estate assets underlying this property. Smooth Bourbon is consolidated as a subsidiary for which the Company has a controlling financial interest. See discussion below.

After selling the casino operations of Century Casino Calgary in August 2020, the Company continued to own the land and building and continued to operate Century Sports, a sports bar, bowling and entertainment facility located on the property. In February 2022, the Company sold the land and building in Calgary, transferred the lease agreement for the casino premises to the buyer, and ceased operating Century Sports. See “Terminated Projects” below in this Note 1 for additional information about the Calgary property.

The Company’s Colorado and West Virginia subsidiaries have partnered with sports betting and iGaming operators to offer sports wagering and online betting through mobile apps.

The Company has a controlling financial interest through its wholly-owned subsidiary Century Resorts Management GmbH (“CRM”) in the following majority-owned subsidiaries:

The Company owns 66.6% of Casinos Poland Ltd (“CPL” or “Casinos Poland”). As of September 30, 2023, CPL owned and operated eight casinos throughout Poland. CPL is consolidated as a majority-owned subsidiary for which the Company has a controlling financial interest. Polish Airports Company (“Polish Airports”) owns the remaining 33.3% of CPL, which is reported as a non-controlling financial interest. Subsequent to quarter end, the Company closed its casinos in Katowice and Bielsko-Biala on October 16, 2023 due to the expiration of the gaming licenses and has applied for new licenses. See Note 4 for additional information.

The Company owns 75% of United Horsemen of Alberta Inc. dba Century Downs Racetrack and Casino (“CDR” or “Century Downs”). CDR operates Century Downs Racetrack and Casino, a racetrack and entertainment center (“REC”) in Balzac, a north metropolitan area of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. CDR is consolidated as a majority-owned subsidiary for which the Company has a controlling financial interest. The remaining 25% of CDR is owned by unaffiliated shareholders and is reported as a non-controlling financial interest. A subsidiary of VICI owns the real estate assets underlying this property.

‎

8

Through its wholly owned subsidiary Century Nevada Acquisition, Inc., the Company has a 50% equity interest in Smooth Bourbon. The Company reported this interest as an equity investment through April 2, 2023. On April 3, 2023, following the Company’s acquisition of Nugget Casino Resort, the Company began consolidating Smooth Bourbon as a subsidiary for which it has a controlling financial interest. The Company determined it has a controlling financial interest in Smooth Bourbon based on the Nugget being the primary beneficiary of Smooth Bourbon. The remaining 50% of Smooth Bourbon is owned by Marnell Gaming, LLC (“Marnell”) and is reported as a non-controlling financial interest. See “Equity Investment” below in this Note 1 for additional information regarding the consolidation of Smooth Bourbon and Note 3 for additional information about Smooth Bourbon.

The Company previously operated several ship-based casinos. The Company’s last concession agreement to operate ship-based casinos ended on April 16, 2023. The table below illustrates the ships operating during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Ship | Operated From | Operated To
Mein Schiff Herz | April 5, 2022 | April 16, 2023
Mein Schiff 6 | June 11, 2021 | April 18, 2022

Recent Developments Related to COVID-19

Since the inception of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, the Company varied its casinos’ operations based on the governmental health and safety requirements in the jurisdictions in which they are located. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted the Company’s results of operations in 2020 and the first half of 2021, and into the first quarter of 2022 for its Canada properties. Currently, the Company’s operations have no health and safety requirements for entry and few other COVID-19 related restrictions. The duration and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic remains uncertain. The Company cannot predict the negative impacts that COVID-19 will have on its consumer demand, workforce, suppliers, contractors and other partners and whether future closures will be required. Such closures have had a material impact on the Company’s financial results and the effects of COVID-19, ongoing governmental health and safety requirements and any future closures could have a material impact on the Company. The Company will continue to monitor its liquidity and make reductions to marketing and operating expenditures, where possible, if future government mandates or closures are required due to COVID-19 or other issues that would have an adverse impact on the Company.

Other Projects and Developments

Nugget Casino Resort in Sparks, Nevada

In February 2022, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with Marnell, pursuant to which a newly formed subsidiary of the Company agreed to purchase from Marnell (i) 50% of the membership interests in Smooth Bourbon, and (ii) 100% of the membership interests in Nugget. Nugget owns and operates the Nugget Casino Resort in Sparks, Nevada, and Smooth Bourbon owns the real property on which the casino is located.

The Company purchased 50% of the membership interests in Smooth Bourbon for approximately $95.0 million (the “Smooth Bourbon Acquisition”) at the first closing, which occurred on April 1, 2022 (the “First Closing”). The Company used approximately $29.3 million of cash on hand and borrowings under the Goldman Credit Agreement (see Note 5) in connection with the First Closing. On April 3, 2023 (the “Second Closing”), the Company purchased 100% of the membership interests in Nugget for approximately $104.7 million (subject to certain adjustments) (the “OpCo Acquisition” and, together with the Smooth Bourbon Acquisition, the “Nugget Acquisition”). The purchase price for the OpCo Acquisition was paid from proceeds of the term loan under the Goldman Credit Agreement deposited in escrow (“Acquisition Escrow”) on the First Closing date. In August 2023, the Company paid from cash on hand an additional $0.8 million related to working capital adjustments. Following the Second Closing, the Company owns the Nugget Casino Resort and 50% of the membership interests in Smooth Bourbon. The Company also has a five year option through April 1, 2027 to acquire the remaining 50% of the membership interests in Smooth Bourbon for $105.0 million plus 2% per annum. At the First Closing, Smooth Bourbon entered into a lease with Nugget for an annual rent of $15.0 million.

Rocky Gap Casino, Resort & Golf in Flintstone, Maryland

In August 2022, the Company entered into a definitive agreement with Golden Entertainment Inc. (“Golden”), Lakes Maryland Development, LLC, a subsidiary of Golden (“Lakes Maryland”), and VICI Properties, L.P., an affiliate of VICI (“VICI PropCo”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to acquire the operations of Rocky Gap Casino, Resort & Golf (“Rocky Gap” and, such transaction, the “Rocky Gap Acquisition”). Pursuant to a real estate purchase agreement, dated August 24, 2022, by and between Evitts Resort, LLC, a subsidiary of Golden (“Evitts”), and an affiliate of VICI PropCo (“VICI PropCo Buyer”), VICI PropCo Buyer agreed to acquire a related interest in the land and building associated with Rocky Gap from Evitts.

9

On July 25, 2023, the Company purchased the operations of Rocky Gap for approximately $59.1 million (subject to certain adjustments), and VICI PropCo Buyer purchased a related interest in the land and building associated with Rocky Gap for approximately $203.9 million. In connection with the Rocky Gap Acquisition, subsidiaries of the Company and a subsidiary of VICI PropCo amended their triple net lease agreement (the “Master Lease”) to (i) add Rocky Gap to the Master Lease, (ii) provide for an increase in initial annualized rent of approximately $15.5 million and (iii) extend the initial Master Lease term for 15 years from the date of the amendment (subject to the existing four five year renewal options). See Note 3 for additional information.

Canada Real Estate Sale

On May 16, 2023, the Company entered into definitive agreements for subsidiaries of VICI to acquire the real estate assets of Century Casino & Hotel Edmonton in Edmonton, Alberta, Century Casino St. Albert in Edmonton, Alberta, Century Mile Racetrack and Casino in Edmonton, Alberta and Century Downs Racetrack and Casino in Calgary, Alberta (collectively, the “Century Canadian Portfolio”). The transaction closed on September 6, 2023, for an aggregate purchase price of CAD 221.7 million ($162.6 million based on the exchange rate on September 6, 2023) in cash (the “Canada Real Estate Sale”). The Company expects to retain approximately CAD 154.5 million (USD $114.6 million based on the exchange rate on September 30, 2023) of the purchase price after giving effect to the purchase of the Century Downs land that previously was subject to the CDR land lease, selling expenses, Canadian and US taxes and proceeds to be paid to the minority owners of Century Downs. Simultaneous with the closing of the transaction, subsidiaries of the Company and of VICI PropCo amended the Master Lease to (i) add the Century Canadian Portfolio to the Master Lease, (ii) provide for an increase in initial annualized rent of approximately CAD 17.3 million ($12.8 million based on the exchange rate on September 30, 2023) and (iii) extend the initial Master Lease term for 15 years from the date of the amendment (subject to the existing four five year renewal options). The Company recorded a loss on debt extinguishment related to the CDR land lease of CAD 9.9 million ($7.3 million based on the exchange rate on September 6, 2023) in interest expense in its condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Recent Developments Related to Century Casino Caruthersville

The Caruthersville casino had operated on a riverboat and barge since 1994. On October 13, 2022, the riverboat had to be closed as it was no longer accessible from the barge because of the record low water levels in the Mississippi River. On October 26, 2022, the Missouri Gaming Commission (“MGC”) approved the relocation of the casino at Century Casino Caruthersville from the riverboat and barge to a land-based pavilion until the new land-based casino and hotel are completed, as discussed below. The riverboat had 519 slot machines and seven table games. From October 2022 to December 2022, the casino operated only from the barge with 299 slot machines and four table games. The move to the pavilion, which has 416 slot machines and six table games, was completed in December 2022. The pavilion building will not be affected by water levels, is protected by a flood wall and provides for easier access to the casino for customers than the riverboat. The riverboat and barge were removed on February 25, 2023.

Caruthersville Land-Based Casino and Hotel

The Company is building a new land-based casino with a 38 room hotel adjacent to and connected with the existing casino pavilion building. Construction on the project began in December 2022 and it is expected to be completed in the second half of 2024 with an estimated project cost of $51.9 million. The Company is financing this project through financing provided by VICI PropCo. As of September 30, 2023, the Company has received $30.2 million in financing from VICI PropCo and has spent approximately $16.7 million of those funds on this project.

Caruthersville Hotel

In July 2021, the Company announced that it had purchased land and a small two-story hotel near Century Casino Caruthersville with plans to refurbish the existing hotel’s 36 rooms. The Company opened the hotel, called The Farmstead, on October 30, 2022 with a total project cost of $3.6 million.

Cape Girardeau Hotel

The Company is building a 69 room hotel at its Cape Girardeau location. The hotel is planned as a six story building with 68,000 square feet that will be adjacent to and connected with the existing casino building. Construction on the project began in September 2022, and it is expected to be completed in the first half of 2024. The Company estimates a project cost of approximately $30.5 million. The Company is financing the project with cash on hand. As of September 30, 2023, the Company has spent approximately $16.5 million on this project.

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10

Terminated Projects

Century Sports

In August 2020, the Company announced that it had entered into an agreement to sell the casino operations of Century Casino Calgary for CAD 10.0 million ($7.5 million based on the exchange rate on August 5, 2020) plus a three year quarterly earn out as specified in the agreement. The transaction closed on December 1, 2020. The Company received earn out payments of CAD 0.5 million ($0.3 million based on the exchange rate on September 30, 2023) and CAD 2.1 million ($1.6 million based on the exchange rate of September 30, 2023) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, that are recorded to gain on sale of casino operations in its condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings. After the sale, the Company continued to operate Century Sports and to own the underlying real estate. On February 10, 2022, the Company sold the land and building in Calgary for CAD 8.0 million ($6.3 million based on the exchange rate on February 10, 2022) at which time the Company transferred the lease agreement for the casino premises to the buyer and ceased operating Century Sports. Century Sports was included in the Canada reportable segment.

Preparation of Financial Statements

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) for interim financial reporting, the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission which apply to interim financial statements and the instructions to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP have been condensed or omitted. The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for the fair presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company have been included. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. The results of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for the full year.

Reclassifications – Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation in the condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes thereto.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash – A reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as stated in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of cash flows is presented in the following table:

|  | September 30, |  | September 30,
Amounts in thousands |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 189,005 |  | $ | 99,257
Restricted cash |  |  | — |  |  | 100,100
Restricted cash included in deposits and other |  |  | 238 |  |  | 142
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash shown in the consolidated statements of cash flows |  | $ | 189,243 |  | $ | 199,499

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had $0.2 million related to payment of prizes and giveaways for Casinos Poland and less than $0.1 million related to an insurance policy in restricted cash included in deposits and other on its condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2022, the Company had $100.1 million related to the Acquisition Escrow in restricted cash on its condensed consolidated balance sheet and $0.1 million related to payments of prizes and giveaways for Casinos Poland, and less than $0.1 million related to an insurance policy in restricted cash included in deposits and other on its condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Use of Estimates – The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Management’s use of estimates includes estimates for property and equipment, goodwill, intangible assets and income tax.

Presentation of Foreign Currency Amounts – The Company’s functional currency is the US dollar (“USD” or “$”). Foreign subsidiaries with a functional currency other than the US dollar translate assets and liabilities at current exchange rates at the end of the reporting periods, while income and expense accounts are translated at average exchange rates for the respective periods. The Company and its subsidiaries enter into various transactions made in currencies different from their functional currencies. These transactions are typically denominated in the Canadian dollar (“CAD”), Euro (“EUR”) and Polish zloty (“PLN”). Gains and losses resulting from changes in foreign currency exchange rates related to these transactions are included in income from operations as they occur.

11

The exchange rates to the US dollar used to translate balances at the end of the reported periods are as follows:

|  | As of September 30, |  | As of December 31,
Ending Rates |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Canadian dollar (CAD) |  | 1.3479 |  | 1.3550
Euros (EUR) |  | 0.9454 |  | 0.9393
Polish zloty (PLN) |  | 4.3848 |  | 4.4004

The average exchange rates to the US dollar used to translate balances during each reported period are as follows:

|  | For the three months |  |  |  | For the nine months |  |
|  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | ended September 30, |  |
Average Rates |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | % Change |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | % Change
Canadian dollar (CAD) |  | 1.3408 |  | 1.3045 |  | (2.8%) |  | 1.3456 |  | 1.2823 |  | (4.9%)
Euros (EUR) |  | 0.9190 |  | 0.9920 |  | 7.4% |  | 0.9232 |  | 0.9403 |  | 1.8%
Polish zloty (PLN) |  | 4.1372 |  | 4.7025 |  | 12.0% |  | 4.2347 |  | 4.3935 |  | 3.6%
Source: Xe Currency Converter |  |  |  |

Equity Investment – On April 1, 2022, the Company purchased 50% of the membership interests in Smooth Bourbon. Smooth Bourbon owns the real property on which the Nugget Casino is located. The additional 50% of the membership interests in Smooth Bourbon is held by Marnell. At the time of the purchase of its 50% membership interests in Smooth Bourbon, the Company completed an assessment of whether Smooth Bourbon is a variable interest entity in which it has a financial interest. Based on this assessment, the Company concluded that Smooth Bourbon was not subject to consolidation under the guidance for variable interest entities prior to the Nugget Acquisition because Nugget is the primary beneficiary of Smooth Bourbon and reported its interest in Smooth Bourbon as an equity investment. After the Second Closing on April 3, 2023, the Company began consolidating Smooth Bourbon as a subsidiary for which it has a controlling financial interest and no longer reports its interest in Smooth Bourbon as an equity investment. See Note 3 for additional information about Smooth Bourbon.

2.SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Accounting Pronouncements Adopted – The Company has adopted the following accounting pronouncement:

In March 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-01, Leases (Topic 842); Common Control Arrangements (“ASU 2023-01”). The objective of ASU 2023-01 is to address stakeholder concerns about amortizing leasehold improvements for lease arrangements between entities under common control. ASU 2023-01 states that the leasehold improvements by a lessee under common control are to be amortized over the useful life of the leasehold improvements and adjusted through equity when the lessee no longer controls the use of the underlying asset. Early adoption of ASU 2023-01 is permitted. The guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. The Company has adopted ASU 2023-01 as of January 1, 2023. Adoption of the standard had no material impact on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

The Company has considered all other recently issued accounting pronouncements and does not believe the adoption of such pronouncements will have a material impact on its financial statements or notes thereto.

3. ACQUISITION AND EQUITY INVESTMENT

Acquisition – Nugget

On April 3, 2023, the Company completed its previously announced Nugget Acquisition of 100% of the membership interests in Nugget Sparks, LLC from Marnell. Nugget Sparks, LLC operates the Nugget Casino Resort, located in Sparks, Nevada. The Nugget Acquisition was financed with funds previously borrowed from the Company’s Goldman Credit Agreement. In connection with the Nugget Acquisition, the Company made an initial payment to Marnell of $104.7 million on April 3, 2023 consisting of a base price of $100.0 million plus adjustments based on working capital of Nugget at closing. The Company made an additional working capital adjustment payment of $0.8 million on August 29, 2023.

As of April 3, 2023, the Company began consolidating Nugget as a wholly-owned subsidiary. Nugget contributed $32.5 million and $1.3 million in net earnings attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and $59.6 million in net operating revenue and $3.3 million in net earnings attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

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The Company accounted for the transaction as a business combination, and accordingly, the acquired assets of $256.9 million including $6.8 million in cash) and liabilities of $194.8 million were included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at April 3, 2023. The Nugget Acquisition generated $43.4 million of tax deductible goodwill for the Company’s United States segment. The goodwill from the Nugget Acquisition is attributable to the business expansion opportunity for the Company.

The fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed (excluding cash received) was determined to be $55.4 million as of the acquisition date. The fair values of the acquired tangible and intangible assets were determined using variations of the income, market and cost approaches, including the following methods which the Company considered appropriate:

•multi-period excess earnings method;

•cost method;

•capitalized cash flow method;

•relief from royalty method;

•discounted cash flow method; and

•direct market value approach.

Both the income and market approach valuation methodologies used for the identifiable net assets acquired in the Nugget Acquisition make use of Level 3 inputs and are provisional pending development of a final valuation.

Trade receivables and payables, inventory and other current and noncurrent assets and liabilities were valued at the existing carrying values as they represented a reasonable approximation of the fair value of those items at the Nugget Acquisition date, based on management’s judgment and estimates.

The personal property components of the fixed assets were primarily valued utilizing the market and cost approaches. Certain personal property with an active and identifiable secondary market value were valued using the market approach. This property included, but was not limited to, certain gaming/slot equipment, information and technology equipment and vehicles. The cost approach was utilized to value all other personal property. The cost approach estimates fair value as the current cost of replacing or reproducing the utility of an asset, or group of assets and adjusting it for any depreciation resulting from one or more of the following: physical deterioration, functional obsolescence, and/or economic obsolescence.

The real estate assets that are owned by Smooth Bourbon were adjusted to fair value concurrently with the Nugget Acquisition. The fair value was determined utilizing the direct capitalization method of the income approach. The fair value of the acquired real estate assets was determined to be $184.7 million. The income approach incorporates all tangible and intangible property and served as a ceiling for the fair values of the acquired assets of the ongoing business enterprise, while still taking into account the premise of highest and best use.

The fair value of the customer relationships from the player’s club list was valued using the incremental cash flow method under the income approach. The incremental cash flow method is used to estimate the fair value of an intangible asset based on a residual cash flow notion. This method measures the benefits (e.g., cash flows) derived from ownership of an acquired intangible asset as if it were in place, as compared to the acquirer’s expected cash flows as if the intangible asset were not in place (i.e., with-and-without). The present value difference in the two cash flow streams is ascribable to the intangible asset. The Company has assigned a 10 year useful life to the player loyalty program based on estimated revenue attrition among the player’s club members, based historical operations as estimated by management.

The fair value of the Nugget trademark was valued using the relief from royalty method. The relief from royalty method presumes that, without ownership of the asset, the Company would have to make a stream of payments to a brand or franchise owner in return for the right to use their name. By virtue of this asset, the Company avoids any such payments and records the related intangible value of the trademark. The primary assumptions in the valuation included projected revenue, a pre-tax royalty rate, the trademark’s useful life, and tax expense. The Company has assigned the Nugget trademark a 10 year useful life after considering, among other things, the expected use of the asset, the expected useful life of other related assets or asset groups, any legal, regulatory, or contractual provisions that may limit the useful life, the effects of obsolescence, demand and other economic factors, and the maintenance expenditures required to promote and support the trademark.

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13

Details of the Nugget Acquisition in the table below are based on estimated fair values of assets and liabilities as of April 3, 2023. The Nugget Acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the Nugget Acquisition have been recorded at their preliminary fair values. Certain estimated values for the Nugget Acquisition for accrued liabilities, property and equipment, intangible assets, and deferred income taxes are not yet finalized pending the final purchase price allocations and the receipt of additional information from the Nugget. As a result, the Company’s estimates and assumptions are subject to change within the measurement period as valuations are finalized. The Company expects to finalize the allocation of the purchase price within one year of the Nugget Acquisition.

Amounts in thousands |  |
Cash |  | $ | 6,764
Receivables |  |  | 1,689
Prepaid expenses |  |  | 3,715
Inventories |  |  | 2,681
Property and equipment |  |  | 211,811
Intangible assets |  |  | 30,250
Accounts payable |  |  | (2,622)
Accrued liabilities |  |  | (4,092)
Accrued payroll |  |  | (2,348)
Taxes payable |  |  | (998)
Finance lease liabilities |  |  | (184,700)
Net identifiable assets acquired |  |  | 62,150
Add: Goodwill |  |  | 43,406
Net assets acquired |  | $ | 105,556

The following table details the purchase consideration net cash outflow.

Amounts in thousands |  |  |
Outflow of cash to acquire subsidiaries, net of cash acquired |  |  |
Cash consideration |  | $ | 100,000
Working capital adjustments |  |  | 5,556
Less: cash balances acquired |  |  | (6,764)
Net cash used in investing activities |  | $ | 98,792

Acquisition-related costs

The Company incurred acquisition costs of approximately $0.3 million and $0.5 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.1 million and $1.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, in connection with the Nugget Acquisition. These costs include investment banking, legal and accounting fees and have been recorded as general and administrative expenses in the Corporate Other segment.

Ancillary Agreements

In connection with the Nugget Acquisition, the Company and the sellers entered into a consulting agreement dated December 19, 2022, whereby the sellers agreed to provide the Company with certain consulting services following the Nugget Acquisition. The agreement compensates the sellers for services following the Nugget Acquisition as performed by employees at a monthly rate. Fees incurred under the agreement were $0.2 million and $0.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and were recorded as general and administrative expenses in the United States segment. The agreement ended on September 30, 2023.

Acquisition-Related Contingencies

Nugget is party to various legal and administrative proceedings, which have arisen in the normal course of business and relate to underlying events that occurred on or before April 3, 2023. Estimated losses have been accrued as of the Nugget Acquisition date for these proceedings in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 450 “Contingencies” (“ASC Topic 450”), which requires that an amount be accrued if the loss is probable and can be estimated. The current liability for the estimated losses associated with these proceedings is not material to the Company’s consolidated financial condition and those estimated losses are not expected to have a material impact on its results of operations. The Company estimated the range of these contingencies to be between $0.1 million and $0.2 million as of September 30, 2023.

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14

Acquisition – Rocky Gap

On July 25, 2023, the Company completed its previously announced Rocky Gap Acquisition of 100% of the membership interests in Evitts Resort, LLC from Lakes Maryland. Evitts Resort, LLC operates Rocky Gap Casino, Resort & Golf, located in Flintstone, Maryland. Simultaneous with the closing of the Rocky Gap Acquisition, affiliates of VICI purchased the land and building associated with Rocky Gap. On July 25, 2023, the Company amended its Master Lease to add the Rocky Gap property. The Rocky Gap Acquisition was financed with $30.0 million borrowed under the revolving facility of the Company’s Goldman Credit Agreement and cash on hand. In connection with the Rocky Gap Acquisition, the Company made an initial payment to Lakes Maryland of $59.1 million on July 25, 2023. This amount included a base price of $56.1 million plus an adjustment based on the estimated working capital of Rocky Gap at closing.

As of July 25, 2023, the Company began consolidating Rocky Gap as a wholly-owned subsidiary. Rocky Gap contributed $14.6 million in net operating revenue and ($1.4) million in net loss attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

The Company accounted for the transaction as a business combination, and accordingly, the acquired assets of $238.9 million (including $6.1 million in cash) and liabilities of $212.4 million were included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at July 25, 2023. The Rocky Gap Acquisition generated $32.6 million of tax deductible goodwill for the Company’s United States segment. The goodwill from the Rocky Gap Acquisition is attributable to the business expansion opportunity for the Company.

The fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed (excluding cash received) was determined to be $20.4 million as of the acquisition date. The fair values of the acquired tangible and intangible assets were determined using variations of the income, market and cost approaches, including the following methods which the Company considered appropriate:

•multi-period excess earnings method;

•cost method;

•capitalized cash flow method;

•relief from royalty method;

•discounted cash flow method; and

•direct market value approach.

Both the income and market approach valuation methodologies used for the identifiable net assets acquired in the Rocky Gap Acquisition make use of Level 3 inputs and are provisional pending development of a final valuation.

Trade receivables and payables, inventory and other current and noncurrent assets and liabilities were valued at the existing carrying values as they represented a reasonable approximation of the fair value of those items at the Rocky Gap Acquisition date, based on management’s judgment and estimates.

The personal property components of the fixed assets were primarily valued utilizing the market and cost approaches. Certain personal property with an active and identifiable secondary market value were valued using the market approach. This property included, but was not limited to, certain gaming/slot equipment, information and technology equipment and vehicles. The cost approach was utilized to value all other personal property. The cost approach estimates fair value as the current cost of replacing or reproducing the utility of an asset, or group of assets and adjusting it for any depreciation resulting from one or more of the following: physical deterioration, functional obsolescence, and/or economic obsolescence.

The real estate assets that were sold to VICI and leased back to the Company were adjusted to fair value concurrently with the Rocky Gap Acquisition. The fair value was determined utilizing the direct capitalization method of the income approach. The fair value of the acquired real estate assets was determined to be $203.9 million. The income approach incorporates all tangible and intangible property and served as a ceiling for the fair values of the acquired assets of the ongoing business enterprise, while still taking into account the premise of highest and best use.

The fair value of the customer relationships from the player’s club list was valued using the incremental cash flow method under the income approach. The incremental cash flow method is used to estimate the fair value of an intangible asset based on a residual cash flow notion. This method measures the benefits (e.g., cash flows) derived from ownership of an acquired intangible asset as if it were in place, as compared to the acquirer’s expected cash flows as if the intangible asset were not in place (i.e., with-and-without). The present value difference in the two cash flow streams is ascribable to the intangible asset. The Company has assigned a 10 year useful life to the player loyalty program based on estimated revenue attrition among the player’s club members, from historical operations as estimated by management.

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The fair value of the Rocky Gap trademark was valued using the relief from royalty method. The relief from royalty method presumes that, without ownership of the asset, the Company would have to make a stream of payments to a brand or franchise owner in return for the right to use their name. By virtue of this asset, the Company avoids any such payments and records the related intangible value of the trademark. The primary assumptions in the valuation included projected revenue, a pre-tax royalty rate, the trademark’s useful life, and tax expense. The Company has assigned the Rocky Gap trademark a 10 year useful life after considering, among other things, the expected use of the asset, the expected useful life of other related assets or asset groups, any legal, regulatory, or contractual provisions that may limit the useful life, the effects of obsolescence, demand and other economic factors, and the maintenance expenditures required to promote and support the trademark.

Details of the Rocky Gap Acquisition in the table below are based on estimated fair values of assets and liabilities as of July 25, 2023. The Rocky Gap Acquisition was accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the Rocky Gap Acquisition have been recorded at their preliminary fair values. Certain estimated values for the Rocky Gap Acquisition for accrued liabilities, property and equipment, intangible assets, and deferred income taxes are not yet finalized pending the final purchase price allocations and the receipt of additional information from the Rocky Gap. As a result, the Company’s estimates and assumptions are subject to change within the measurement period as valuations are finalized. The Company expects to finalize the allocation of the purchase price within one year of the Rocky Gap Acquisition date.

Amounts in thousands |  |
Cash |  | $ | 6,101
Receivables |  |  | 2,147
Prepaid expenses |  |  | 577
Inventories |  |  | 715
Other current assets |  |  | 167
Property and equipment |  |  | 211,566
Leased right-of-use assets |  |  | 3,441
Intangible assets |  |  | 14,160
Accounts payable |  |  | (581)
Accrued liabilities |  |  | (2,798)
Accrued payroll |  |  | (1,393)
Taxes payable |  |  | (215)
Operating lease liabilities |  |  | (3,441)
Finance lease liabilities |  |  | (203,925)
Net identifiable assets acquired |  |  | 26,521
Add: Goodwill |  |  | 32,606
Net assets acquired |  | $ | 59,127

The following table details the purchase consideration net cash outflow.

Amounts in thousands |  |  |
Outflow of cash to acquire subsidiaries, net of cash acquired |  |  |
Cash consideration |  | $ | 56,075
Preliminary working capital adjustment |  |  | 3,052
Less: cash balances acquired |  |  | (6,101)
Net cash used in investing activities |  | $ | 53,026

Acquisition-related costs

The Company incurred acquisition costs of approximately $3.4 million and $3.6 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.2 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 in connection with the Rocky Gap Acquisition. These costs include investment banking, legal and accounting fees and have been recorded as general and administrative expenses in the Corporate Other segment.

Ancillary Agreements

In connection with the Rocky Gap Acquisition, the Company and the sellers entered into a consulting agreement dated July 25, 2023, whereby the sellers agreed to provide the Company with certain transitional services following the Rocky Gap Acquisition. The agreement compensates the sellers for services following the Rocky Gap Acquisition as performed by employees at a monthly rate. The agreement ended on October 8, 2023. The Company did not accrue an estimate for fees incurred under the agreement for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

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Acquisition-Related Contingencies

Rocky Gap is party to various legal and administrative proceedings, which have arisen in the normal course of business and relate to underlying events that occurred on or before the July 25, 2023 closing of the Rocky Gap Acquisition. Estimated losses have been accrued as of the Rocky Gap Acquisition date for these proceedings in accordance with ASC Topic 450, which requires that an amount be accrued if the loss is probable and can be estimated. The current liability for the estimated losses associated with these proceedings is not material to the Company’s consolidated financial condition and those estimated losses are not expected to have a material impact on its results of operations. The Company estimated the range of these contingencies to be between $0.1 million and $0.2 million as of September 30, 2023.

Pro forma results (Unaudited)

The following table provides unaudited pro forma information of the Company as if the Nugget Acquisition and Rocky Gap Acquisition had occurred at the beginning of the earliest comparable period presented. The unaudited pro forma financial results include adjustments for transaction-related costs that are directly attributable to the Nugget Acquisition and Rocky Gap Acquisition for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 including (i) pro forma adjustments to record the removal of interest expense related to the Macquarie Credit Agreement (see Note 5), (ii) pro forma adjustments to record interest expense related to the Goldman Credit Agreement, borrowing of the revolving facility under the Goldman Credit Agreement, and interest on the VICI financing obligation, (iii) pro forma adjustments to record depreciation and amortization for assets acquired in the Nugget Acquisition and Rocky Gap Acquisition, (iv) an estimated tax impact, and (v) pro forma adjustments to record Smooth Bourbon as a consolidated subsidiary as of January 1, 2022. This pro forma information is not necessarily indicative either of the combined results of operations that actually would have been realized had the acquisitions been consummated during the periods for which the pro forma information is presented, or of future results. For the purposes of this table, financial information has been provided through September 30, 2023 for the Nugget, Rocky Gap and the Company.

|  | For the nine months ended |  | For the nine months ended
Amounts in thousands, except for per share information |  | September 30, 2023 |  | September 30, 2022
Net operating revenue |  | $ | 465,016 |  | $ | 463,179
Net (loss) earnings attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders |  | $ | (25,528) |  | $ | 22,061

Equity Investment – Smooth Bourbon

Following is summarized financial information regarding Smooth Bourbon for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023:

|  | For the three months ended |  | For the nine months ended
Amounts in thousands |  | September 30, 2023 |  | September 30, 2022 |  | September 30, 2023 |  | September 30, 2022
Operating Results |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net operating revenue |  | $ | — |  | $ | 3,959 |  | $ | 4,059 |  | $ | 7,729
Earnings from continuing operations |  | $ | — |  | $ | 3,725 |  | $ | 3,833 |  | $ | 7,475
Net earnings |  | $ | — |  | $ | 2,142 |  | $ | 2,241 |  | $ | 4,268
Net earnings attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. |  | $ | — |  | $ | 1,071 |  | $ | 1,121 |  | $ | 2,134

The Company began consolidating Smooth Bourbon on April 3, 2023 after the Nugget Acquisition and therefore no longer reports its interest in Smooth Bourbon as an equity investment.

Changes in the carrying amount of the investment in Smooth Bourbon for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 are presented in the table below.

Amounts in thousands |  |  | Balance at ‎January 1, 2023 |  |  | Equity Earnings |  |  | Dividend |  |  | Conversion to Consolidated Subsidiary |  |  | Balance at September 30, 2023
Smooth Bourbon |  | $ | 93,260 |  | $ | 1,121 |  | $ | (2,256) |  | $ | (92,125) |  | $ | —

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4.GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the future economic benefits of a business combination to the extent that the purchase price exceeds the fair value of the net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company determines the estimated fair value of the net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed after review and consideration of relevant information including discounted cash flows, quoted market prices, and estimates made by management.

The Company tests goodwill for impairment as of October 1 each year, or more frequently as circumstances indicate it is necessary. Testing compares the estimated fair values of our reporting units to the reporting units’ carrying values. The reportable segments with goodwill balances as of September 30, 2023 included the United States, Canada and Poland. For the quantitative goodwill impairment test, the current fair value of each reporting unit with goodwill balances is estimated using a combination of (i) the income approach using the discounted cash flow method for projected revenue, EBITDA and working capital, (ii) the market approach observing the price at which comparable companies or shares of comparable companies are bought or sold, and (iii) fair value measurements using either quoted market price or an estimate of fair value using a present value technique. The cost approach, estimating the cost of reproduction or replacement of an asset, was considered but not used because it does not adequately capture an operating company’s intangible value. If the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, the Company will recognize an impairment for the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value. The impairment analysis requires management to make estimates about future operating results, valuation multiples and discount rates and assumptions based on historical data and consideration of future market conditions. Changes in the assumptions can materially affect these estimates. Given the uncertainty inherent in any projection, heightened by the possibility of additional effects of COVID-19, actual results may differ from the estimates and assumptions used, or conditions may change, which could result in additional impairment charges in the future. Such impairments could be material.

The Company tests its indefinite-lived intangible assets as of October 1 each year, or more frequently as circumstances indicate it is necessary. The fair value is determined primarily using the multi-period excess earnings methodology and the relief from royalty method under the income approach.

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill related to the United States, Canada and Poland segments are as follows:

Amounts in thousands |  | United States |  | Canada |  | Poland |  | Total
Gross carrying value January 1, 2023 |  | $ | 19,786 |  | $ | 7,142 |  | $ | 5,816 |  | $ | 32,744
Acquisition |  |  | 76,012 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 76,012
Currency translation |  |  | — |  |  | 20 |  |  | 21 |  |  | 41
Gross carrying value September 30, 2023 |  |  | 95,798 |  |  | 7,162 |  |  | 5,837 |  |  | 108,797
Accumulated impairment losses January 1, 2023 |  |  | (19,786) |  |  | (3,375) |  |  | — |  |  | (23,161)
Accumulated impairment losses September 30, 2023 |  |  | (19,786) |  |  | (3,375) |  |  | — |  |  | (23,161)
Net carrying value at January 1, 2023 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 3,767 |  | $ | 5,816 |  | $ | 9,583
Net carrying value at September 30, 2023 |  | $ | 76,012 |  | $ | 3,787 |  | $ | 5,837 |  | $ | 85,636

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Intangible Assets

Intangible assets at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following:

|  |  | September 30, |  |  | December 31,
Amounts in thousands |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Finite-lived |  |  |  |  |  |
Casino licenses |  | $ | 2,681 |  | $ | 2,672
Less: accumulated amortization |  |  | (2,104) |  |  | (1,763)
|  |  | 577 |  |  | 909
Trademarks |  |  | 16,158 |  |  | 2,368
Less: accumulated amortization |  |  | (1,416) |  |  | (730)
|  |  | 14,742 |  |  | 1,638
Players club lists |  |  | 50,993 |  |  | 20,373
Less: accumulated amortization |  |  | (12,466) |  |  | (8,974)
|  |  | 38,527 |  |  | 11,399
Total finite-lived intangible assets, net |  |  | 53,846 |  |  | 13,946
Indefinite-lived |  |  |  |  |  |
Casino licenses |  |  | 30,390 |  |  | 29,331
Trademarks |  |  | 1,499 |  |  | 1,494
Total indefinite-lived intangible assets |  |  | 31,889 |  |  | 30,825
Total intangible assets, net |  | $ | 85,735 |  | $ | 44,771

Trademarks

The Company currently owns five trademarks, the Century Casinos trademark, the Mountaineer trademark, the Nugget trademark, the Rocky Gap trademark and the Casinos Poland trademark, which are reported as intangible assets on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Trademarks: Finite-Lived

The Company has determined that the Mountaineer, Nugget and Rocky Gap trademarks, all reported in the United States segment, have useful lives of ten years after considering, among other things, the expected use of the asset, the expected useful life of other related assets or asset groups, any legal, regulatory, or contractual provisions that may limit the useful life, the effects of obsolescence, demand and other economic factors, and the maintenance expenditures required to promote and support the trademark. As such, the trademarks will be amortized over their useful lives. Costs incurred to renew trademarks that are finite-lived are expensed over the renewal period to general and administrative expenses on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings. Changes in the carrying amount of the United States trademarks are as follows:

Amounts in thousands |  |  | Balance at ‎January 1, 2023 |  |  | Acquisition |  |  | Amortization |  |  | Balance at September 30, 2023
United States |  | $ | 1,638 |  | $ | 13,790 |  | $ | (686) |  | $ | 14,742

As of September 30, 2023, estimated amortization expense of the United States trademarks over the next five years was as follows:

Amounts in thousands |  |  |
2023 |  | $ | 403
2024 |  |  | 1,609
2025 |  |  | 1,609
2026 |  |  | 1,609
2027 |  |  | 1,609
Thereafter |  |  | 7,903
|  | $ | 14,742

The weighted-average amortization period of the United States trademarks is 8.5 years.

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Trademarks: Indefinite-Lived

The Company has determined that the Casinos Poland trademark, reported in the Poland segment, and the Century Casinos trademark, reported in the Corporate and Other segment, have indefinite useful lives and therefore the Company does not amortize these trademarks. Costs incurred to renew trademarks that are indefinite-lived are expensed over the renewal period as general and administrative expenses on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings. Changes in the carrying amount of the indefinite-lived trademarks are as follows:

Amounts in thousands |  |  | Balance at January 1, 2023 |  |  | Currency translation |  |  | Balance at September 30, 2023
Poland |  | $ | 1,386 |  | $ | 5 |  | $ | 1,391
Corporate and Other |  |  | 108 |  |  | — |  |  | 108
|  | $ | 1,494 |  | $ | 5 |  | $ | 1,499

Casino Licenses: Finite-Lived

As of September 30, 2023, Casinos Poland had eight casino licenses, each with an original term of six years, which are reported as finite-lived intangible assets and are amortized over their respective useful lives. Changes in the carrying amount of the Casinos Poland licenses are as follows:

Amounts in thousands |  |  | Balance at January 1, 2023 |  |  | Amortization |  |  | Currency translation |  |  | Balance at September 30, 2023
Poland |  | $ | 909 |  | $ | (348) |  | $ | 16 |  | $ | 577

As of September 30, 2023, estimated amortization expense for the CPL casino licenses over the next five years was as follows:

Amounts in thousands |  |  |
2023 |  | $ | 91
2024 |  |  | 216
2025 |  |  | 95
2026 |  |  | 70
2027 |  |  | 70
Thereafter |  |  | 35
|  | $ | 577

These estimates do not reflect the impact of future foreign exchange rate changes or the continuation of the licenses following their expiration. The weighted average period before the next license expiration is 1.1 years. In Poland, gaming licenses are not renewable. Once a gaming license has expired, any gaming company can apply for the license.

The Company closed its casinos in Katowice and Bielsko-Biala on October 16, 2023 due to the expiration of the gaming licenses. CPL has submitted applications for new casino licenses for these locations, but licenses have not been awarded by the Polish Minister of Finance for either location. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Bielsko-Biala casino generated approximately 3% and Katowice generated approximately 8% of CPL’s gaming revenue and together approximately 1.5% of the Company’s consolidated net operating revenue.

Casino Licenses: Indefinite-Lived

The Company has determined that the casino licenses held in the United States segment from the Missouri Gaming Commission, the West Virginia Lottery Commission and the Nevada Gaming Commission (held by Smooth Bourbon) and those held in the Canada segment from the Alberta Gaming, Liquor and Cannabis Commission and Horse Racing Alberta are indefinite-lived. Costs incurred to renew licenses that are indefinite-lived are expensed over the renewal period to general and administrative expenses on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings. Changes in the carrying amount of the licenses are as follows:

Amounts in thousands |  |  | Balance at ‎January 1, 2023 |  |  | Consolidation of Smooth Bourbon |  |  | Currency translation |  |  | Balance at September 30, 2023
United States |  | $ | 17,962 |  | $ | 1,000 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 18,962
Canada |  |  | 11,369 |  |  | — |  |  | 59 |  |  | 11,428
|  | $ | 29,331 |  | $ | 1,000 |  | $ | 59 |  | $ | 30,390

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Player’s Club Lists

The Company has determined that the player’s club lists, reported in the United States segment, have useful lives of seven to 10 years based on estimated revenue attrition among the player’s club members over each property’s historical operations as estimated by management. As such, the player’s club lists will be amortized over their useful lives. Changes in the carrying amount of the player’s club lists are as follows:

Amounts in thousands |  |  | Balance at ‎January 1, 2023 |  |  | Acquisition |  |  | Amortization |  |  | Balance at September 30, 2023
United States |  | $ | 11,399 |  | $ | 30,620 |  | $ | (3,492) |  | $ | 38,527

As of September 30, 2023, estimated amortization expense for the player’s club lists over the next five years was as follows:

Amounts in thousands |  |  |
2023 |  | $ | 1,432
2024 |  |  | 5,973
2025 |  |  | 5,973
2026 |  |  | 5,730
2027 |  |  | 3,062
Thereafter |  |  | 16,357
|  | $ | 38,527

The weighted-average amortization period for the player’s club lists is 5.8 years.

5. LONG-TERM DEBT

Long-term debt and the weighted average interest rates as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following:

Amounts in thousands |  | September 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Credit agreement - Goldman |  | $ | 344,750 |  |  | 11.15% |  | $ | 347,375 |  |  | 8.45%
UniCredit term loan |  |  | 3,173 |  |  | 3.25% |  |  | 4,661 |  |  | 3.17%
Financing obligation - CDR land lease |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,388 |  |  | 15.05%
Total principal |  | $ | 347,923 |  |  | 11.02% |  | $ | 366,424 |  |  | 8.72%
Deferred financing costs |  |  | (14,837) |  |  |  |  |  | (16,844) |  |  |
Total long-term debt |  | $ | 333,086 |  |  |  |  | $ | 349,580 |  |  |
Less current portion |  |  | (4,909) |  |  |  |  |  | (5,322) |  |  |
Long-term portion |  | $ | 328,177 |  |  |  |  | $ | 344,258 |  |  |

Goldman Credit Agreement

On April 1, 2022, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement (the “Goldman Credit Agreement”) by and among the Company, as borrower, the subsidiary guarantors party thereto, Goldman Sachs Bank USA, as administrative agent and collateral agent, Goldman Sachs Bank USA and BOFA Securities, Inc., as joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners, and the Lenders and L/C Lenders party thereto. The Goldman Credit Agreement replaced the Macquarie Credit Agreement discussed below. The Goldman Credit Agreement provides for a $350.0 million term loan (the “Term Loan”) and a $30.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolving Facility”). As of September 30, 2023, the outstanding balance of the Term Loan was $344.8 million and the Company had $30.0 million available to borrow on the Revolving Facility. The Company used the Term Loan to fund the Nugget Acquisition (including the Acquisition Escrow), for the repayment of approximately $166.2 million outstanding under the Macquarie Credit Agreement and for related fees and expenses. The Company borrowed $30.0 million from the Revolving Facility on July 20, 2023 to fund the Rocky Gap Acquisition, and repaid the full amount of this borrowing on September 21, 2023.

The Term Loan matures on April 1, 2029, and the Revolving Facility matures on April 1, 2027. The Revolving Facility includes up to $10.0 million available for the issuance of letters of credit. The Term Loan requires scheduled quarterly payments of $875,000 equal to 0.25% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Term Loan, with the balance due at maturity.

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Borrowings under the Goldman Credit Agreement bear interest at a rate equal to, at the Company’s option, either (a) the Adjusted Term SOFR (as defined in the Goldman Credit Agreement), plus an applicable margin (each loan, being a “SOFR Loan”) or (b) the ABR (as defined in the Goldman Credit Agreement), plus an applicable margin (each loan, being a “ABR Loan”). The applicable margin for the Term Loan is 6.00% per annum with respect to SOFR Loans and 5.00% per annum with respect to ABR Loans. The applicable margin for loans under the Revolving Facility (“Revolving Loans”) is (1) so long as the Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Goldman Credit Agreement) of the Company is greater than 2.75 to 1.00, the applicable margin for Revolving Loans that are SOFR Loans will be 5.25% per annum, and for Revolving Loans that are ABR Loans will be 4.25% per annum; (2) so long as the Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio of the Company is less than or equal to 2.75 to 1.00 but greater than 2.25 to 1.00, the applicable margin for Revolving Loans that are SOFR Loans will be 5.00% per annum, and for Revolving Loans that are ABR Loans will be 4.00% per annum; and (3) so long as the Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio of the Company is less than or equal to 2.25 to 1.00, the applicable margin for Revolving Loans that are SOFR Loans will be 4.75% per annum, and for Revolving Loans that are ABR Loans will be 3.75% per annum.

In addition, on a quarterly basis, the Company is required to pay each lender under the Revolving Facility a commitment fee in respect of any unused commitments under the Revolving Facility at a per annum rate of 0.50% of the principal amount of unused commitments of such lender, subject to a stepdown to 0.375% based upon the Company’s Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio. The Company is also required to pay letter of credit fees equal to the applicable margin then in effect for SOFR Loans that are Revolving Loans multiplied by the average daily maximum aggregate amount available to be drawn under all letters of credit, plus such letter of credit issuer’s customary documentary and processing fees and charges and a fronting fee in an amount equal to 0.125% of the face amount of such letter of credit. The Company is also required to pay customary agency fees. Fees related to the Goldman Credit Agreement of less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million were recorded as interest expense in the consolidated statements of (loss) earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively.

The Goldman Credit Agreement requires the Company to prepay the Term Loan, subject to certain exceptions, with:

• 100% of the net cash proceeds of certain non-ordinary course asset sales or certain casualty events, subject to certain exceptions; and

• 50% of the Company’s annual Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the Goldman Credit Agreement) (which percentage will be reduced to 25% if the Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio is greater than 2.25 to 1.00 but less than or equal to 2.75 to 1.00, and to 0% if the Consolidated First Lien Net Leverage Ratio is less than or equal to 2.25 to 1.00).

The Goldman Credit Agreement provides that the Term Loan may be prepaid without a premium or penalties.

The borrowings under the Goldman Credit Agreement are guaranteed by the material subsidiaries of the Company, subject to certain exceptions (including the exclusion of the Company’s non-domestic subsidiaries), and are secured by a pledge (and, with respect to real property, mortgage) of substantially all of the existing and future property and assets of the Company and the guarantors, subject to certain exceptions.

The Goldman Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties, affirmative, negative and financial covenants, and events of default. All future borrowings under the Goldman Credit Agreement are subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, including the absence of a default and the accuracy of representations and warranties. The Company was in compliance with all applicable financial covenants under the Goldman Credit Agreement as of September 30, 2023.

Deferred financing costs consist of the Company’s costs related to financings. Amortization expenses relating to the Goldman Credit Agreement were $0.7 million and $2.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $0.7 million and $1.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. These costs are included in interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Credit Agreement – Macquarie Capital

In December 2019, the Company entered into a $180.0 million credit agreement with Macquarie Capital Funding LLC, as swingline lender, administrative agent and collateral agent, Macquarie Capital (USA) Inc., as sole lead arranger and sole bookrunner, and the Lenders and L/C Lenders party thereto (the “Macquarie Credit Agreement”). The Macquarie Credit Agreement replaced the Company’s credit agreement with the Bank of Montreal (the “BMO Credit Agreement”). The Macquarie Credit Agreement provided for a $170.0 million term loan (the “Macquarie Term Loan”) and a $10.0 million Revolving Facility (the “Macquarie Revolving Facility”). The Company used proceeds from the Macquarie Term Loan to fund the acquisition of MTR, CCG and CCV (the “2019 Acquired Casinos”), for the repayment of approximately $52.0 million outstanding under the BMO Credit Agreement and for general working capital and corporate purposes. In connection with the Goldman Credit Agreement, the Macquarie Term Loan was repaid on April 1, 2022 and the Macquarie Credit Agreement was terminated.

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Commitment fees related to the Macquarie Revolving Facility of less than $0.1 million were recorded as interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The Company amortized $0.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 relating to Macquarie Credit Agreement deferred financing costs. These costs are included in interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The Company wrote off approximately $7.3 million of deferred financing costs to interest expense in the second quarter of 2022 in connection with the prepayment of the Macquarie Term Loan.

Casinos Poland

CPL previously had a PLN 2.5 million term loan with mBank S.A. (“mBank”), which was paid in full in September 2022. The term loan bore an interest rate of 1-month WIBOR plus 1.90%. CPL’s PLN 10.0 million short-term line of credit was amended in April 2022, and the PLN 2.5 million that was available for cash borrowing was removed from the line of credit. The short term line of credit was terminated in October 2022.

As of September 30, 2023, CPL had a short-term line of credit with mBank used to finance current operations. The line of credit has a borrowing capacity of PLN 5.0 million bearing an interest rate of overnight WIBOR plus 2.00%. As of September 30, 2023, the credit facility had no outstanding balance and PLN 5.0 million ($1.1 million based on the exchange rate in effect on September 30, 2023) was available for additional borrowing. The credit agreement is secured by a building owned by CPL in Warsaw. The credit facility contains a number of covenants applicable to CPL, including covenants that require CPL to maintain certain liquidity and liability to asset ratios. The line of credit was amended in May 2023 to extend the line of credit maturity through June 4, 2024.

Under Polish gaming law, CPL is required to maintain PLN 3.6 million in the form of deposits or bank guarantees for payment of casino jackpots and gaming tax obligations. mBank issued guarantees to CPL for this purpose totaling PLN 3.6 million ($0.8 million based on the exchange rate in effect on September 30, 2023). The mBank guarantees are secured by land owned by CPL in Kolbaskowo, Poland as well as a deposit of PLN 1.2 million ($0.3 million based on the exchange rate in effect on September 30, 2023) with mBank and will terminate in June 2024 and January 2026, respectively. CPL also is required to maintain deposits or provide bank guarantees for payment of additional prizes and giveaways at the casinos. The amount of these deposits varies depending on the value of the prizes. CPL maintained PLN 0.9 million ($0.2 million based on the exchange rate in effect on September 30, 2023) in deposits for this purpose as of September 30, 2023. These deposits are included in deposits and other on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Century Resorts Management

CRM previously had a GBP 2.0 million term loan with UniCredit Bank Austria AG (“UniCredit”) that was converted to a USD loan in November 2021. The loan was paid in full in September 2023 and bore an interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.625%.

As of September 30, 2023, CRM had a credit agreement with UniCredit originally entered into in August 2018 a s a $7.4 million line of credit for acquisitions and capital expenditures at the Company’s existing operations or new operations. The line of credit was converted to a EUR 6.0 million term loan in June 2021 (the “UniCredit Term Loan”). The term loan matures on December 31, 2025 and bears interest at a rate of 2.875%. As of September 30, 2023, the amount outstanding was EUR 3.0 million ($3.2 million based on the exchange rate in effect on September 30, 2023) and the Company had no further borrowings available. The UniCredit Term Loan is secured by a EUR 6.0 million guarantee by the Company and has no financial covenants.

Century Downs Racetrack and Casino

The Company purchased the land at CDR prior to its sale to VICI as part of the Canada Real Estate Sale for CAD 29.4 million ($21.6 million based on the exchange rate on September 6, 2023). Prior to this purchase, CDR leased the land, which was accounted for as a financing obligation. The Company recorded the loss on debt extinguishment of CAD 9.9 million ($7.3 million based on the exchange rate on September 6, 2023) in interest expense in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

As of September 30, 2023, scheduled repayments related to long-term debt were as follows:

Amounts in thousands |  | Goldman Credit Agreement |  | UniCredit Term Loan |  | Total
2023 |  | $ | 875 |  | $ | 353 |  | $ | 1,228
2024 |  |  | 3,500 |  |  | 1,410 |  |  | 4,910
2025 |  |  | 3,500 |  |  | 1,410 |  |  | 4,910
2026 |  |  | 3,500 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,500
2027 |  |  | 3,500 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,500
Thereafter |  |  | 329,875 |  |  | — |  |  | 329,875
Total |  | $ | 344,750 |  | $ | 3,173 |  | $ | 347,923

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6.LONG-TERM FINANCING OBLIGATION

On December 6, 2019, certain subsidiaries of the Company (collectively, the “Tenant”) and certain subsidiaries of VICI PropCo (collectively, the “Landlord”) entered into the sale and leaseback transaction for the 2019 Acquired Casino properties and entered into the Master Lease to lease the real estate assets of the 2019 Acquired Casinos. The Master Lease does not transfer control of the properties under the Master Lease to VICI PropCo subsidiaries.

The Master Lease has been modified as follows:

On December 1, 2022, an amendment provided for (i) modifications with respect to certain project work to be done by the Company related to Century Casino Caruthersville, (ii) modifications to rent under the Master Lease to provide for an increase in initial annualized rent by approximately $4.2 million after completion of the Caruthersville casino project and (iii) other related modifications.

On July 25, 2023, an amendment (i) added Rocky Gap to the Master Lease, (ii) increased initial annualized rent by approximately $15.5 million and (iii) extended the initial Master Lease term for 15 years from the date of the amendment (subject to the existing four five year renewal options).

On September 6, 2023, an amendment (i) added the Century Canadian Portfolio to the Master Lease, (ii) increased initial annualized rent by approximately CAD 17.3 million ($12.8 million based on the exchange rate on September 30, 2023) and (iii) extended the initial Master Lease term for 15-years from the date of the amendment (subject to the existing four five year renewal options).

The Company accounts for the transaction as a failed sale-leaseback financing obligation. When cash proceeds are exchanged, a failed sale-leaseback financing obligation is equal to the proceeds received for the assets that are sold and then leased back. The value of the failed sale-leaseback financing obligations recognized in this transaction was determined to be the fair value of the leased real estate assets. In subsequent periods, a portion of the periodic payment under the Master Lease will be recognized as interest expense with the remainder of the payment reducing the failed sale-leaseback financing obligation using the effective interest method. The failed sale-leaseback obligations will not be reduced to less than the net book value of the leased real estate assets as of the end of the lease term.

The fair values of the real estate assets and the related failed sale-leaseback financing obligation were estimated based on the present value of the estimated future payments over the term plus renewal options of 35 years, using an average imputed discount rate of approximately 8.9%. The value of the failed sale-leaseback financing obligation is dependent upon assumptions regarding the amount of the payments and the estimated discount rate of the payments required by a market participant.

The Master Lease provides for the lease of land, buildings, structures and other improvements on the land, easements and similar appurtenances to the land and improvements relating to the operations of the leased properties. The Master Lease has a term of 15 years with no purchase option. At the Company’s option, the Master Lease may be extended for up to four five year renewal terms beyond the 15 year term. The Company exercised one five year renewal option when the Master Lease was amended on December 1, 2022. The renewal terms are effective as to all, but not less than all, of the property then subject to the Master Lease. The Company does not have the ability to terminate its obligations under the Master Lease prior to its expiration without the Landlord’s consent.

The Master Lease has a triple-net structure, which requires the Tenant to pay substantially all costs associated with the Company’s properties that are subject to the Master Lease, including real estate taxes, insurance, utilities, maintenance and operating costs. The Master Lease contains certain covenants, including minimum capital improvement expenditures. The Company has provided a guarantee of the Tenant’s obligations under the Master Lease.

The rent under the Master Lease currently escalates at the greater of either 1.0125% (the “Base Rent Escalator”) or the increase in the Consumer Price Index (“CPI”). The CPI rent escalator for the Century Canadian Portfolio is capped at 2.5%. The Base Rent Escalator is subject to adjustment from and after the 6th year if the Minimum Rent Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Master Lease) is not satisfied.

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The estimated future payments in the table below include payments and adjustments to reflect estimated payments as described in the Master Lease, including an annual escalator of up to 1.0125%. The estimated future payments are not adjusted for increases based on the CPI.

Amounts in thousands |  |  |
2023 |  | $ | 10,094
2024 |  |  | 54,471
2025 |  |  | 55,152
2026 |  |  | 55,841
2027 |  |  | 56,539
Thereafter |  |  | 2,133,282
Total payments |  |  | 2,365,379
Less imputed interest |  |  | (1,711,383)
Total |  | $ | 653,996

Total payments and interest expense related to the Master Lease for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

|  | For the three months ended |  | For the nine months ended
|  | September 30, |  | September 30,
Amounts in thousands |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Payments made |  | $ | 11,923 |  | $ | 8,501 |  | $ | 25,654 |  | $ | 19,127
Interest expense on financing obligation |  | $ | 12,902 |  | $ | 7,201 |  | $ | 27,321 |  | $ | 21,311

Rent adjusted for CPI for the year ended December 31, 2023, including the Rocky Gap and Century Canadian Portfolio amendments, is estimated to be $37.2 million.

7.COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Litigation – From time to time, the Company is subject to various legal proceedings arising from normal business operations. Based on management’s knowledge, the Company does not expect the outcome of such currently pending or threatened proceedings, either individually or in the aggregate, to have a material effect on its financial position, cash flows or results of operations.

8.INCOME TAXES

Income tax expense or benefits are recorded relative to the jurisdictions that recognize book earnings. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company recognized an income tax benefit of ($1.3) million on pre-tax loss of ($11.4) million, representing an effective income tax rate of 11.8% compared to an income tax benefit of ($8.1) million on pre-tax earnings of $8.6 million, representing an effective income tax rate of (94.1%) for the same period in 2022.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company computed an annual effective tax rate using forecasted information. Based on current forecasts, the Company’s effective tax rate is expected to be highly sensitive to changes in earnings. The Company concluded that computing its effective tax rate using forecasted information would be appropriate in estimating tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

A number of items caused the effective income tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 to differ from the US federal statutory income tax rate of 21%, including certain nondeductible business expenses in Poland, various exchange rate benefits, and income attributable to the non-controlling interest holder of Smooth Bourbon, which is taxed as a partnership for US federal income tax purposes. Further, capital gains recognized from the Canada Real Estate Sale with VICI PropCo were subject to an effective tax rate of 11.5%, a 50% reduction from the Canadian statutory rate of 23%. As of September 30, 2023, the Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance on deferred tax assets for CMR, CRM and Century Resorts International Ltd.

Additionally, with the completion of the Canada Real Estate Sale, the Company does not currently intend to permanently reinvest approximately $40.0 million of earnings and profits from the Canadian subsidiaries, which would be available for repatriation. In anticipation of a potential repatriation to the Company, which would generally be exempt from taxation in the United States, the Company recorded a deferred tax liability of $2.9 million for the required foreign tax withholding associated with repatriating a cash dividend to the United States.

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The Company has unrecognized income tax benefits of $0.5 million due to the Company’s ability to utilize pre-acquisition net operating losses. The Company received notification of an examination by Canada Revenue Agency, and it will assess the ability to recognize the $0.5 million in income tax benefits upon completion of the examination. The Company believes that the examination will not conclude until 2024.

9.EARNINGS PER SHARE

The calculation of basic earnings per share considers only weighted average outstanding common shares in the computation. The calculation of diluted earnings per share gives effect to all potentially dilutive stock options. The calculation of diluted earnings per share is based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, plus, if dilutive, the assumed exercise of stock options using the treasury stock method. Weighted average shares outstanding for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

|  | For the three months |  | For the nine months
|  | ended September 30, |  | ended September 30,
Amounts in thousands |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Weighted average common shares, basic |  |  | 30,340 |  |  | 29,864 |  |  | 30,245 |  |  | 29,790
Dilutive effect of stock options |  |  | — |  |  | 1,540 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,733
Weighted average common shares, diluted |  |  | 30,340 |  |  | 31,404 |  |  | 30,245 |  |  | 31,523

The following stock options are anti-dilutive and have not been included in the weighted average shares outstanding calculation:

|  | For the three months |  | For the nine months
|  | ended September 30, |  | ended September 30,
Amounts in thousands |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Stock options |  |  | 2,126 |  |  | 2,730 |  |  | 2,256 |  |  | 2,746

10. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS AND DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS REPORTING

Fair Value Measurements

The Company follows fair value measurement authoritative accounting guidance for all assets and liabilities measured at fair value. That authoritative accounting guidance defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Market or observable inputs are the preferred sources of values, followed by assumptions based on hypothetical transactions in the absence of market inputs. The fair value hierarchy for grouping these assets and liabilities is based on the significance level of the following inputs:

Level 1 – quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2 – quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-derived valuations whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable

Level 3 – significant inputs to the valuation model are unobservable

A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability. The Company reflects transfers between the three levels at the beginning of the reporting period in which the availability of observable inputs no longer justifies classification in the original level. There were no transfers between the three levels for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Non-Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The Company applies the provisions of the fair value measurement standard to its non-recurring, non-financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value. The Company applied the acquisition method of accounting for the Nugget Acquisition and Rocky Gap Acquisition. Identifiable assets and liabilities assumed were recognized and measured at fair value as of the acquisition dates. The valuation of intangible assets was determined using an income approach methodology. The Company’s key assumptions include projected future revenues, customer attrition rates and discount rates. See Note 3 for more information about and accounting for the Nugget Acquisition and Rocky Gap Acquisition. There were no assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis as of September 30, 2022.

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Debt – The carrying value of the Goldman Credit Agreement, the UniCredit Term Loan and CPL’s short-term line of credit approximate fair value based on the variable interest paid on the obligations. The estimated fair values of the outstanding balances under the Goldman Credit Agreement and UniCredit Term Loan are designated as Level 2 measurements in the fair value hierarchy based on quoted prices in active markets for similar liabilities. The carrying values of the Company’s finance lease obligations approximate fair value based on the similar terms and conditions currently available to the Company in the marketplace for similar financings.

Other Estimated Fair Value Measurements – The estimated fair value of the Company’s other assets and liabilities, such as cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, have been determined to approximate carrying value based on the short-term nature of those financial instruments. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had no cash equivalents.

11.REVENUE RECOGNITION

The Company derives revenue and other income from contracts with customers and financial instruments. A breakout of the Company’s derived revenue and other income is presented in the table below.

|  | For the three months |  | For the nine months
|  | ended September 30, |  | ended September 30,
Amounts in thousands |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Revenue from contracts with customers |  | $ | 161,179 |  | $ | 112,552 |  | $ | 406,448 |  | $ | 326,776
Cost recovery income |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,501 |  |  | 1,938
Century Casino Calgary sale earn out revenue |  |  | 341 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,587 |  |  | —
Total revenue |  | $ | 161,520 |  | $ | 112,552 |  | $ | 411,536 |  | $ | 328,714

The Company operates gaming establishments as well as related lodging, restaurant, horse racing (including off-track betting), sports betting, iGaming, and entertainment facilities around the world. The Company generates revenue at its properties by providing the following types of products and services: gaming, pari-mutuel and sports betting, iGaming, hotel, food and beverage, and other. Disaggregation of the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers by type of revenue and reportable segment is presented in the tables below.

| For the three months ended September 30, 2023
Amounts in thousands |  | United States |  |  | Canada |  |  | Poland |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total
Gaming | $ | 75,711 |  | $ | 12,407 |  | $ | 23,114 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 111,232
Pari-mutuel, sports betting and iGaming |  | 3,178 |  |  | 2,917 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,095
Hotel |  | 15,791 |  |  | 146 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,937
Food and beverage |  | 14,242 |  |  | 4,012 |  |  | 238 |  |  | — |  |  | 18,492
Other |  | 7,939 |  |  | 1,439 |  |  | 45 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,423
Net operating revenue | $ | 116,861 |  | $ | 20,921 |  | $ | 23,397 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 161,179

| For the three months ended September 30, 2022
Amounts in thousands |  | United States |  |  | Canada |  |  | Poland |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total
Gaming | $ | 60,150 |  | $ | 11,841 |  | $ | 21,478 |  | $ | 36 |  | $ | 93,505
Pari-mutuel, sports betting and iGaming |  | 2,965 |  |  | 3,102 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,067
Hotel |  | 2,485 |  |  | 134 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,619
Food and beverage |  | 3,319 |  |  | 3,509 |  |  | 203 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,031
Other |  | 1,799 |  |  | 1,479 |  |  | 52 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,330
Net operating revenue | $ | 70,718 |  | $ | 20,065 |  | $ | 21,733 |  | $ | 36 |  | $ | 112,552

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| For the nine months ended September 30, 2023
Amounts in thousands |  | United States |  |  | Canada |  |  | Poland |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total
Gaming | $ | 200,089 |  | $ | 34,606 |  | $ | 71,617 |  | $ | 61 |  | $ | 306,373
Pari-mutuel, sports betting and iGaming |  | 6,847 |  |  | 7,690 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,537
Hotel |  | 30,305 |  |  | 389 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 30,694
Food and beverage |  | 25,922 |  |  | 9,449 |  |  | 707 |  |  | — |  |  | 36,078
Other |  | 14,473 |  |  | 4,128 |  |  | 165 |  |  | — |  |  | 18,766
Net operating revenue | $ | 277,636 |  | $ | 56,262 |  | $ | 72,489 |  | $ | 61 |  | $ | 406,448

| For the nine months ended September 30, 2022
Amounts in thousands |  | United States |  |  | Canada |  |  | Poland |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total
Gaming | $ | 179,524 |  | $ | 33,728 |  | $ | 64,481 |  | $ | 120 |  | $ | 277,853
Pari-mutuel, sports betting and iGaming |  | 6,300 |  |  | 8,455 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,755
Hotel |  | 6,895 |  |  | 339 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,234
Food and beverage |  | 9,314 |  |  | 8,171 |  |  | 610 |  |  | — |  |  | 18,095
Other |  | 4,242 |  |  | 4,412 |  |  | 174 |  |  | 11 |  |  | 8,839
Net operating revenue | $ | 206,275 |  | $ | 55,105 |  | $ | 65,265 |  | $ | 131 |  | $ | 326,776

For the majority of the Company’s contracts with customers, payment is made in advance of the services and contracts are settled on the same day the sale occurs with revenue recognized on the date of the sale. For contracts that are not settled, a contract liability is created. The expected duration of the performance obligation is less than one year.

The amount of revenue recognized that was included in the opening contract liability balance was $3.0 million and $1.8 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $1.1 million and $1.3 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively. This revenue consists primarily of the Company’s deferred gaming revenue from player points earned through play at the Company’s casinos located in the United States. Activity in the Company’s receivables and contract liabilities is presented in the tables below.

|  | For the three months |  | For the three months
|  | ended September 30, 2023 |  | ended September 30, 2022
Amounts in thousands |  | Receivables |  | Contract Liabilities |  | Receivables |  | Contract Liabilities
Opening |  | $ | 652 |  | $ | 3,706 |  | $ | 749 |  | $ | 2,842
Closing |  |  | 1,080 |  |  | 4,702 |  |  | 1,299 |  |  | 2,607
Increase/(Decrease) |  | $ | 428 |  | $ | 996 |  | $ | 550 |  | $ | (235)
|  | For the nine months |  | For the nine months
|  | ended September 30, 2023 |  | ended September 30, 2022
Amounts in thousands |  | Receivables |  | Contract Liabilities |  | Receivables |  | Contract Liabilities
Opening |  | $ | 1,351 |  | $ | 2,417 |  | $ | 1,269 |  | $ | 2,986
Closing |  |  | 1,080 |  |  | 4,702 |  |  | 1,299 |  |  | 2,607
(Decrease)/Increase |  | $ | (271) |  | $ | 2,285 |  | $ | 30 |  | $ | (379)

Receivables are included in accounts receivable and contract liabilities are included in accrued liabilities on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Substantially all of the Company’s contracts and contract liabilities have an original duration of one year or less. The Company applies the practical expedient for such contracts and does not consider the effects of the time value of money. Further, because of the short duration of these contracts, the Company has not disclosed the transaction price for the remaining performance obligations as of the end of each reporting period or when the Company expects to recognize this revenue.

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12.LEASES

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. The right-of-use (“ROU”) assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent the obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. The Company uses its incremental borrowing rate in each of the jurisdictions in which its subsidiaries operate to calculate the present value of lease payments. Lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease. These options are included in the lease term when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise those options. Operating lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

The Company accounts for lease agreements with lease and non-lease components as a single lease component for all asset classes. The Company does not establish ROU assets or lease liabilities for operating leases with terms of 12 months or less.

The Company’s operating and finance leases include land, casino space, corporate offices, and gaming and other equipment. The leases have remaining lease terms of one month to 48 years.

The components of lease expense were as follows:

|  | For the three months ended |  | For the nine months ended
|  | September 30, |  | September 30,
Amounts in thousands |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Operating lease expense |  | $ | 1,478 |  | $ | 1,305 |  | $ | 4,194 |  | $ | 3,988
Finance lease expense: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of right-of-use assets |  | $ | 23 |  | $ | 26 |  | $ | 70 |  | $ | 110
Interest on lease liabilities |  |  | 8 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 19
Total finance lease expense |  | $ | 31 |  | $ | 36 |  | $ | 96 |  | $ | 129
Variable lease expense |  | $ | 335 |  | $ | 415 |  | $ | 944 |  | $ | 1,139

Variable lease expense relates primarily to rates based on changes in indexes that are excluded from the lease liability and fluctuations in foreign currency related to leases in Poland.

Supplemental cash flow information related to leases was as follows:

|  | For the nine months ended
|  | September 30,
Amounts in thousands |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating cash flows from finance leases |  | $ | 26 |  | $ | 15
Operating cash flows from operating leases |  |  | 3,844 |  |  | 3,579
Financing cash flows from finance leases |  |  | 113 |  |  | 115
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 3,489 |  | $ | 1,050

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Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases was as follows:

|  | As of |  | As of
Amounts in thousands |  | September 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Operating leases |  |  |  |  |  |
Leased right-of-use assets, net |  | $ | 26,018 |  | $ | 27,190
Current portion of operating lease liabilities |  |  | 3,580 |  |  | 3,947
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion |  |  | 25,490 |  |  | 26,016
Total operating lease liabilities |  |  | 29,070 |  |  | 29,963
Finance leases |  |  |  |  |  |
Finance lease right-of-use assets, gross |  |  | 768 |  |  | 764
Accumulated depreciation |  |  | (246) |  |  | (175)
Property and equipment, net |  |  | 522 |  |  | 589
Current portion of finance lease liabilities |  |  | 158 |  |  | 150
Finance lease liabilities, net of current portion |  |  | 281 |  |  | 399
Total finance lease liabilities |  |  | 439 |  |  | 549
Weighted-average remaining lease term |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating leases |  |  | 14.6 years |  |  | 10.5 years
Finance leases |  |  | 2.9 years |  |  | 3.6 years
Weighted-average discount rate |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating leases |  |  | 8.7% |  |  | 4.9%
Finance leases |  |  | 7.0% |  |  | 7.0%

Maturities of lease liabilities as of September 30, 2023 were as follows:

Amounts in thousands |  |  | Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases
2023 |  | $ | 1,282 |  | $ | 46
2024 |  |  | 4,989 |  |  | 179
2025 |  |  | 3,953 |  |  | 161
2026 |  |  | 3,674 |  |  | 85
2027 |  |  | 3,616 |  |  | 15
Thereafter |  |  | 39,625 |  |  | —
Total lease payments |  |  | 57,139 |  |  | 486
Less imputed interest |  |  | (28,069) |  |  | (47)
Total |  | $ | 29,070 |  | $ | 439

1 3.SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company reports its financial performance in three reportable segments based on the geographical locations in which its casinos operate: the United States, Canada and Poland. After the Nugget Acquisition, the Company evaluated its operating segments and concluded that as a result of the growth in the United States it would begin viewing its operating segments as East, Midwest and West. The Company views each casino or other operation within its operating segments as a reporting unit. Operating segments are aggregated within reportable segments based on their similar economic characteristics, types of customers, types of services and products provided, the regulatory environments in which they operate, and their management and reporting structure. The Company’s operations related to certain other corporate and management operations have not been identified as separate reportable segments; therefore, these operations are included in Corporate and Other in the following segment disclosures to reconcile to consolidated results. All intercompany transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

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The table below provides information about the aggregation of the Company’s reporting units and operating segments into reportable segments:

Reportable Segment | Operating Segment | Reporting Unit
United States | East | Mountaineer Casino, Resort & Races (1)
|  | Rocky Gap Casino, Resort & Golf (1)
| Midwest | Century Casino & Hotel - Central City
|  | Century Casino & Hotel - Cripple Creek
|  | Century Casino Cape Girardeau (1)
|  | Century Casino Caruthersville (1) and The Farmstead
| West | Nugget Casino Resort and Smooth Bourbon, LLC
Canada | Canada (2) | Century Casino & Hotel - Edmonton (1)
|  | Century Casino St. Albert (1)
|  | Century Mile Racetrack and Casino (1)
|  | Century Downs Racetrack and Casino (1)
Poland | Poland | Casinos Poland
Corporate and Other | Corporate and Other | Cruise Ships & Other (3)
|  | Corporate Other (4)

(1)The real estate assets are owned by VICI PropCo.

(2)The Company operated Century Sports through February 10, 2022. See Note 1.

(3)The Company operated on ship-based casinos through April 16, 2023. See Note 1.

(4)Prior to the Nugget Acquisition, the Company’s equity investment in Smooth Bourbon was included in the Corporate Other reporting unit.

The Company’s chief operating decision maker is a management function comprised of two individuals. These two individuals are the Company’s Co-Chief Executive Officers. The Company’s chief operating decision makers and management utilize Adjusted EBITDA as the primary profit measure for its reportable segments. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-US GAAP measure defined as net earnings (loss) attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders before interest expense (income), net, income taxes (benefit), depreciation, amortization, non-controlling interest earnings (loss) and transactions, pre-opening expenses, acquisition costs, non-cash stock-based compensation charges, asset impairment costs, loss (gain) on disposition of fixed assets, discontinued operations, (gain) loss on foreign currency transactions, cost recovery income and other, gain on business combination and certain other one-time transactions. Expense related to the Master Lease is included in the interest expense (income), net line item. Intercompany transactions consisting primarily of management and royalty fees and interest, along with their related tax effects, are excluded from the presentation of net earnings (loss) attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders and Adjusted EBITDA reported for each segment. Non-cash stock-based compensation expense is presented under Corporate and Other in the tables below as the expense is not allocated to reportable segments when reviewed by the Company’s chief operating decision makers. Not all of the aforementioned items occur in each reporting period, but have been included in the definition based on historical activity. These adjustments have no effect on the consolidated results as reported under US GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA is not considered a measure of performance recognized under US GAAP.

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The following tables provide information regarding the Company’s reportable segments:

| For the three months ended September 30, 2023
Amounts in thousands |  |  | United States |  |  | Canada |  |  | Poland |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total
Net operating revenue |  | $ | 116,861 |  | $ | 20,921 |  | $ | 23,397 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 161,179
Earnings (loss) before income taxes |  |  | 7,861 |  |  | (6,586) |  |  | 1,558 |  |  | (19,367) |  |  | (16,534)
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders |  | $ | 5,273 |  | $ | (1,730) |  | $ | 788 |  | $ | (18,506) |  | $ | (14,175)
Interest expense (income), net (1) |  |  | 11,951 |  |  | 8,706 |  |  | (74) |  |  | 10,785 |  |  | 31,368
Income taxes (benefit) |  |  | 818 |  |  | (3,403) |  |  | 378 |  |  | (861) |  |  | (3,068)
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 10,706 |  |  | 1,102 |  |  | 653 |  |  | 57 |  |  | 12,518
Net earnings (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  | 1,770 |  |  | (1,453) |  |  | 392 |  |  | — |  |  | 709
Non-cash stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,082 |  |  | 1,082
(Gain) loss on foreign currency transactions, cost recovery income and other (2) |  |  | (85) |  |  | 1,484 |  |  | (213) |  |  | (46) |  |  | 1,140
Loss on disposition of fixed assets |  |  | 56 |  |  | — |  |  | 24 |  |  | — |  |  | 80
Acquisition costs |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,693 |  |  | 3,693
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 30,489 |  | $ | 4,706 |  | $ | 1,948 |  | $ | (3,796) |  | $ | 33,347

(1)Included in interest expense (income), net is interest expense of $12.0 million and $0.9 million related to the Master Lease in the United States and Canada segments, respectively, and interest expense of $0.4 million related to the CDR land lease and $7.3 million related to the debt extinguishment of the CDR land lease in the Canada segment. Cash payments related to the Master Lease and CDR land lease were $11.9 million and $0.3 million, respectively, for the period presented. The CDR land lease ended on September 6, 2023 in conjunction with the Canada Real Estate Sale.

(2)Included in the Canada segment is $0.3 million related to the earn out from the sale of casino operations in Calgary in 2020.

| For the three months ended September 30, 2022
Amounts in thousands |  |  | United States |  |  | Canada |  |  | Poland |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total
Net operating revenue (1) |  | $ | 70,718 |  | $ | 20,065 |  | $ | 21,733 |  | $ | 36 |  | $ | 112,552
Earnings from equity investment |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,071 |  |  | 1,071
Earnings (loss) before income taxes |  |  | 9,139 |  |  | 3,395 |  |  | 3,513 |  |  | (10,982) |  |  | 5,065
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders |  | $ | 2,372 |  | $ | 2,623 |  | $ | 2,032 |  | $ | (4,083) |  | $ | 2,944
Interest expense (income), net (2) |  |  | 7,201 |  |  | 581 |  |  | (519) |  |  | 8,087 |  |  | 15,350
Income taxes (benefit) |  |  | 6,767 |  |  | 522 |  |  | 465 |  |  | (6,899) |  |  | 855
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 4,892 |  |  | 1,180 |  |  | 623 |  |  | 81 |  |  | 6,776
Net earnings attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  | — |  |  | 250 |  |  | 1,016 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,266
Non-cash stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 953 |  |  | 953
Gain on foreign currency transactions and cost recovery income |  |  | — |  |  | (71) |  |  | (333) |  |  | (5) |  |  | (409)
Loss on disposition of fixed assets |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |  |  | 38
Acquisition costs |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 295 |  |  | 295
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 21,243 |  | $ | 5,085 |  | $ | 3,311 |  | $ | (1,571) |  | $ | 28,068

(1)Net operating revenue for Corporate and Other primarily related to the Company’s cruise ship operations, which ceased in April 2023.

(2)Included in interest expense (income), net is interest expense of $7.2 million related to the Master Lease in the United States segment and interest expense of $0.6 million related to the CDR land lease in the Canada segment. Cash payments related to the Master Lease and CDR land lease were $8.5 million and $0.5 million, respectively, for the period presented. The CDR land lease ended on September 6, 2023 in conjunction with the Canada Real Estate Sale.

32

| For the nine months ended September 30, 2023
Amounts in thousands |  |  | United States |  |  | Canada |  |  | Poland |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total
Net operating revenue (1) |  | $ | 277,636 |  | $ | 56,262 |  | $ | 72,489 |  | $ | 61 |  | $ | 406,448
Earnings from equity investment |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,121 |  |  | 1,121
Earnings (loss) before income taxes |  |  | 25,244 |  |  | 4,453 |  |  | 5,995 |  |  | (47,113) |  |  | (11,421)
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders |  | $ | 17,026 |  | $ | 2,865 |  | $ | 3,066 |  | $ | (40,334) |  | $ | (17,377)
Interest expense (income), net (2) |  |  | 26,370 |  |  | 9,776 |  |  | (285) |  |  | 31,238 |  |  | 67,099
Income taxes (benefit) |  |  | 4,656 |  |  | (624) |  |  | 1,398 |  |  | (6,779) |  |  | (1,349)
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 24,065 |  |  | 3,374 |  |  | 1,948 |  |  | 175 |  |  | 29,562
Net earnings attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  | 3,562 |  |  | 2,212 |  |  | 1,531 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,305
Non-cash stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,746 |  |  | 2,746
Gain on foreign currency transactions, cost recovery income and other (3) |  |  | (85) |  |  | (3,228) |  |  | (572) |  |  | (42) |  |  | (3,927)
Loss on disposition of fixed assets |  |  | 492 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 526
Acquisition costs |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,101 |  |  | 4,101
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 76,086 |  | $ | 14,380 |  | $ | 7,111 |  | $ | (8,891) |  | $ | 88,686

(1)Net operating revenue for Corporate and Other primarily related to the Company’s cruise ship operations, which ceased in April 2023.

(2)Included in interest expense (income), net is interest expense of $26.4 million and $0.9 million related to the Master Lease in the United States and Canada segments, respectively, and interest expense of $1.4 million related to the CDR land lease and $7.3 million related to the debt extinguishment of the CDR land lease in the Canada segment. Cash payments related to the Master Lease and CDR land lease were $25.7 million and $1.3 million, respectively, for the period presented. The CDR land lease ended on September 6, 2023 in conjunction with the Canada Real Estate Sale.

(3)Included in the Canada segment is $1.6 million related to the earn out from the sale of casino operations in Calgary in 2020 and cost recovery income for CDR.

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33

| For the nine months ended September 30, 2022
Amounts in thousands |  |  | United States |  |  | Canada |  |  | Poland |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total
Net operating revenue (1) |  | $ | 206,275 |  | $ | 55,105 |  | $ | 65,265 |  | $ | 131 |  | $ | 326,776
Earnings from equity investment |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,134 |  |  | 2,134
Earnings (loss) before income taxes |  |  | 28,176 |  |  | 9,123 |  |  | 7,967 |  |  | (36,626) |  |  | 8,640
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders |  | $ | 21,409 |  | $ | 4,797 |  | $ | 4,285 |  | $ | (18,473) |  | $ | 12,018
Interest expense (income), net (2) |  |  | 21,310 |  |  | 1,733 |  |  | (586) |  |  | 25,482 |  |  | 47,939
Income taxes (benefit) |  |  | 6,767 |  |  | 1,718 |  |  | 1,538 |  |  | (18,153) |  |  | (8,130)
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 14,418 |  |  | 3,632 |  |  | 1,979 |  |  | 321 |  |  | 20,350
Net earnings attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  | — |  |  | 2,608 |  |  | 2,144 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,752
Non-cash stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,638 |  |  | 2,638
(Gain) loss on foreign currency transactions, cost recovery income and other (3) |  |  | (1) |  |  | 138 |  |  | (712) |  |  | (8) |  |  | (583)
Loss (gain) on disposition of fixed assets |  |  | 33 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 31 |  |  | (124) |  |  | (37)
Acquisition costs |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,724 |  |  | 2,724
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 63,936 |  | $ | 14,649 |  | $ | 8,679 |  | $ | (5,593) |  | $ | 81,671

(1)Net operating revenue for Corporate and Other primarily related to the Company’s cruise ship operations and consulting agreements, which ceased in April 2023.

(2)Included in interest expense (income), net is interest expense of $21.3 million related to the Master Lease in the United States segment, interest expense of $1.7 million related to the CDR land lease in the Canada segment, and interest expense of $7.3 million related to the write-off of deferred financing costs in connection with the prepayment of the Macquarie Term Loan in the Corporate and Other segment. Cash payments related to the Master Lease and CDR land lease were $19.1 million and $1.6 million, respectively, for the period presented. The CDR land lease ended on September 6, 2023 in conjunction with the Canada Real Estate Sale.

(3)Loss of $2.2 million related to the sale of the land and building in Calgary is included in the Canada segment.

14.TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES

The Company has entered into an agreement with Marnell which with the Company owns 50% of Smooth Bourbon, for general contracting and consulting services. The Company had a liability of $0.4 million related to construction performed by Marnell in accrued liabilities on its condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2022. There were no assets or liabilities related to Marnell on the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2023.

The Company has also entered into a consulting agreement with Marnell for services after the acquisition of Nugget is completed. Fees incurred under the agreement were $0.2 million and $0.4 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and were recorded as general and administrative expenses in the United States segment. Additional expenses related to Marnell were less than $0.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and were recorded as general and administrative expenses in the United States segment.

15.SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company evaluated subsequent events and accounting and disclosure requirements related to material subsequent events in its condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes. The Company did not identify any material subsequent events impacting its financial statements in this report.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Forward-Looking Statements, Business Environment and Risk Factors

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In addition, Century Casinos, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company”) may make other written and oral communications from time to time that contain such statements. Forward-looking statements include statements as to industry trends and future expectations of the Company and other matters that do not relate strictly to historical facts and are based on certain assumptions by management at the time such statements are made. These statements are often identified by the use of words such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “estimate,” or “continue,” and similar expressions or variations. These statements are based on the beliefs and assumptions of the management of the Company based on information currently available to management. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements include, among others, the risks described in the section entitled “Risk Factors” under Item 1A in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2023. We caution the reader to carefully consider such factors. Furthermore, such forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which such statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements.

References in this item to “we,” “our,” or “us” are to the Company and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis unless the context otherwise requires. The term “USD” refers to US dollars, the term “CAD” refers to Canadian dollars, and the term “PLN” refers to Polish zloty. Certain terms used in this Item 2 without definition are defined in Item 1.

Amounts presented in this Item 2 are rounded. As such, rounding differences could occur in period over period changes and percentages reported throughout this Item 2.

EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW

Overview

Since our inception in 1992, we have been primarily engaged in developing and operating gaming establishments and related lodging, restaurant and entertainment facilities. Our primary source of revenue is from the net proceeds of our gaming machines and tables, with ancillary revenue generated from hotel, restaurant, horse racing (including off-track betting), sports betting, iGaming, bowling and entertainment facilities that are in most instances a part of the casinos.

We view each region in which we operate as a separate operating segment and each casino or other operation within those markets as a reporting unit. We aggregate all operating segments into three reportable segments based on the geographical locations in which our casinos operate: United States, Canada and Poland. We have additional business activities including certain other corporate and management operations that we report as Corporate and Other.

After the Nugget Acquisition in April 2023, we evaluated our operating segments and concluded that as a result of the growth in the United States we would begin viewing our operating segments as East, Midwest and West. The reporting units, except for Century Downs Racetrack and Casino and Casinos Poland, are owned, operated and managed through wholly-owned subsidiaries. Our ownership and operation of Century Downs Racetrack and Casino and Casinos Poland are discussed below.

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The table below provides information about the aggregation of our operating segments and reporting units into reportable segments.

Reportable Segment | Operating Segment | Reporting Unit
United States | East | Mountaineer Casino, Resort & Races (1)
|  | Rocky Gap Casino, Resort & Golf (1)
| Midwest | Century Casino & Hotel - Central City
|  | Century Casino & Hotel - Cripple Creek
|  | Century Casino Cape Girardeau (1)
|  | Century Casino Caruthersville (1) and The Farmstead
| West | Nugget Casino Resort and Smooth Bourbon, LLC
Canada | Canada (2) | Century Casino & Hotel - Edmonton (1)
|  | Century Casino St. Albert (1)
|  | Century Mile Racetrack and Casino (1)
|  | Century Downs Racetrack and Casino (1)
Poland | Poland | Casinos Poland
Corporate and Other | Corporate and Other | Cruise Ships & Other (3)
|  | Corporate Other (4)

(1)The real estate assets are owned by VICI PropCo.

(2)We operated Century Sports through February 10, 2022. See discussion below.

(3)We operated ship-based casinos through April 16, 2023.

(4)Prior to the Nugget Acquisition, our equity investment in Smooth Bourbon was included in the Corporate Other reporting unit.

After selling the casino operations of Century Casino Calgary in August 2020, we continued to own the land and building and to operate Century Sports, a sports bar, bowling and entertainment facility located on the property. In February 2022, we sold the land and building we owned in Calgary, transferred the lease agreement for the casino premises to the buyer and ceased operating Century Sports. Prior to the sale, Century Sports was included in the Canada reportable segment.

We have controlling financial interests through our subsidiary CRM in the following reporting units:

We have a 66.6% ownership interest in CPL and we consolidate CPL as a majority-owned subsidiary for which we have a controlling financial interest. Polish Airports owns the remaining 33.3% of CPL. We account for and report the 33.3% Polish Airports ownership interest as a non-controlling financial interest. CPL has been in operation since 1989. As of September 30, 2023, CPL owned and operated eight casinos throughout Poland. The following table summarizes information about CPL’s casinos as of September 30, 2023.

City | Location | License Expiration | Number of Slots | Number of Tables
Warsaw | Marriott Hotel | September 2028 | 70 | 37
Warsaw | Hilton Hotel | July 2024 | 70 | 24
Warsaw | LIM Center | June 2025 | 67 | 4
Bielsko-Biala* | Hotel President | October 2023* | 53 | 5
Katowice* | Park Inn by Radisson | October 2023* | 70 | 14
Wroclaw* | Double Tree Hilton Hotel | November 2023* | 67 | 20
Krakow | Dwor Kosciuszko Hotel | May 2024 | 70 | 5
Lodz | Manufaktura Entertainment Complex | June 2024 | 70 | 10

* We closed the casinos in Katowice and Bielsko-Biala on October 16, 2023 due to the expiration of the gaming licenses. CPL has submitted applications for new casino licenses for these locations, but licenses have not been awarded by the Polish Minister of Finance for either location. There can be no assurance that such licenses will be received. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Bielsko-Biala casino generated approximately 3% and Katowice generated approximately 8% of CPL’s gaming revenue and together approximately 1.5% of our consolidated net operating revenue. CPL has also applied for a casino license in Wroclaw ahead of that license’s expiration, but the license has not yet been awarded, and there can be no assurance that such license will be received.

In September 2022, CPL transferred the casino license for the Warsaw Marriott Hotel expiring in July 2024 to the Warsaw Hilton Hotel, and CPL was granted a new license for the Warsaw Marriott Hotel expiring in September 2028. Casino licenses are granted for six years. When a casino license expires, the Polish Minister of Finance notifies the public of its availability, and interested parties can submit an application for the casino license. Following approval of a casino license by the Minister of Finance, there is a period in which applicants can appeal the decision.

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We have a 75% ownership interest in CDR, and we consolidate CDR as a majority-owned subsidiary for which we have a controlling financial interest. We account for and report the remaining 25% ownership interest in CDR as a non-controlling financial interest. CDR operates Century Downs Racetrack and Casino, a REC in Balzac, a north metropolitan area of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. CDR is the only horse racetrack in the Calgary area and is located less than one-mile north of the city limits of Calgary and 4.5 miles from the Calgary International Airport.

Through our wholly owned subsidiary Century Nevada Acquisition, Inc., we have a 50% equity interest in Smooth Bourbon. Prior to the Nugget Acquisition, we reported this interest as an equity investment in the Corporate Other reportable segment. On April 3, 2023, as a result of closing the Nugget Acquisition, we began consolidating Smooth Bourbon as a subsidiary for which we have a controlling financial interest. The remaining 50% of Smooth Bourbon is owned by Marnell and is reported as a non-controlling financial interest.

We had a concession agreement for one ship-based casino through April 16, 2023. See “Corporate and Other” below.

Recent Developments Related to COVID-19

Since the inception of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, our casinos varied their operations based on the governmental health and safety requirements in the jurisdictions in which they are located. The COVID-19 pandemic impacted our results of operations in 2020 and the first half of 2021, and into the first quarter of 2022 for our Canada properties. Currently, our operations have no health and safety requirements for entry and few other COVID-19 related restrictions. The duration and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic remains uncertain. We cannot predict the negative impacts that COVID-19 will have on our consumer demand, workforce, suppliers, contractors and other partners and whether future closures will be required. Such closures have had a material impact on us. The effects of COVID-19, ongoing governmental health and safety requirements and any future closures could have a material impact on us. We will continue to monitor our liquidity and make reductions to marketing and operating expenditures, where possible, if future government mandates or closures are required that would have an adverse impact on us.

Other Projects and Developments

Nugget Casino Resort in Sparks, Nevada

In February 2022, we entered into a definitive agreement with Marnell, pursuant to which we, through a newly formed subsidiary, agreed to purchase from Marnell (i) 50% of the membership interests in Smooth Bourbon, and (ii) 100% of the membership interests in Nugget. Nugget owns and operates the Nugget Casino Resort in Sparks, Nevada, and Smooth Bourbon owns the real property on which the casino is located.

We purchased 50% of the membership interests in Smooth Bourbon for approximately $95.0 million at the First Closing on April 1, 2022. We used approximately $29.3 million of cash on hand and borrowings under the Goldman Credit Agreement in connection with the First Closing. We purchased 100% of the membership interests in Nugget for approximately $104.7 million (subject to certain adjustments) at the Second Closing on April 3, 2023. In August 2023, we paid from cash on hand an additional $0.8 million related to working capital adjustments. Following the Second Closing, we own the Nugget Casino Resort and 50% of the membership interests in Smooth Bourbon. We also have a five-year option through April 1, 2027 to acquire the remaining 50% of the membership interests in Smooth Bourbon for $105.0 million plus 2% per annum. At the First Closing, Smooth Bourbon entered into a lease with Nugget for an annual rent of $15.0 million.

We accounted for the transaction as a business combination, and accordingly, the acquired assets of $256.9 million (including $6.8 million in cash) and liabilities of $194.8 million were included in our consolidated balance sheet at April 3, 2023. The Nugget Acquisition generated $43.4 million of tax deductible goodwill for the United States segment.

Rocky Gap Casino, Resort & Golf in Flintstone, Maryland

In August 2022, we entered into a definitive agreement with Golden, Lakes Maryland, a subsidiary of Golden, and VICI PropCo, pursuant to which we agreed to acquire the operations of Rocky Gap. Pursuant to a real estate purchase agreement, dated August 24, 2022, by and between Evitts and VICI PropCo Buyer, VICI PropCo Buyer agreed to acquire a related interest in the land and building associated with Rocky Gap.

On July 25, 2023, we completed the Rocky Gap Acquisition. We paid approximately $59.1 million (subject to certain adjustments), and VICI PropCo Buyer purchased a related interest in the land and building associated with Rocky Gap for approximately $203.9 million. In connection with the closing of this transaction, one of our subsidiaries and a subsidiary of VICI PropCo entered into an amendment to the Master Lease that (i) added Rocky Gap to the Master Lease, (ii) provided for an increase in initial annualized rent of approximately $15.5 million, and (iii) extended the initial Master Lease term for 15 years from the date of the amendment (subject to the existing four five-year renewal options).

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We accounted for the transaction as a business combination, and accordingly, the acquired assets of $238.9 million (including $6.1 million in cash) and liabilities of $212.4 million were included in our consolidated balance sheet at July 25, 2023. The Rocky Gap Acquisition generated $32.6 million of tax deductible goodwill for the United States segment.

Canada Real Estate Sale

On May 16, 2023, we entered into definitive agreements for subsidiaries of VICI to acquire the real estate assets of the Century Canadian Portfolio. The sale was completed on September 6, 2023 for an aggregate purchase price of CAD 221.7 million ($162.6 million based on the exchange rate on September 6, 2023). We expect to retain approximately CAD 154.5 million (USD $114.6 million based on the exchange rate on September 30, 2023) of the purchase price after giving effect to the purchase of the Century Downs land that previously was subject to the CDR land lease, selling expenses, Canadian and US taxes and proceeds to be paid to the minority owners of Century Downs. The CDR land lease ended on September 6, 2023 in conjunction with the Canada Real Estate Sale. Simultaneous with the closing of the transaction, our existing Master Lease was amended to (i) add the Century Canadian Portfolio to the Master Lease, (ii) provide for an increase in initial annualized rent of approximately CAD 17.3 million ($12.8 million based on the exchange rate on September 30, 2023), and (iii) extend the initial Master Lease term such that the lease will have a full 15-year initial base lease term, with four 5-year renewal options. We recorded a loss on debt extinguishment related to the CDR land lease of CAD 9.9 million ($7.3 million based on the exchange rate on September 6, 2023) in interest expense in our condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Recent Developments Related to Century Casino Caruthersville

The Caruthersville casino had been operating on a riverboat and barge since 1994. On October 13, 2022, the riverboat had to be closed as it was no longer accessible from the barge because of the record low water levels in the Mississippi River. On October 26, 2022, the MGC approved the relocation of the casino at Century Casino Caruthersville from the riverboat and barge to a land-based pavilion until the new land-based casino and hotel are completed (discussed below). The riverboat casino had 519 slot machines and seven table games. From October 2022 to December 2022, Caruthersville operated the casino from the barge with 299 slot machines and four table games. The move to the pavilion, which has 416 slot machines and six table games, was completed in December 2022. The pavilion building will not be affected by water levels, is protected by a flood wall and provides for easier access to the casino for customers than the riverboat. We have not experienced a negative impact on results following the move to the pavilion and have had a positive reaction from customers. The riverboat and barge were removed on February 25, 2023.

Caruthersville Land-Based Casino

We are building a new land-based casino with a small hotel. We estimate the project will cost $51.9 million. Construction started in December 2022 with completion expected in the second half of 2024. We plan to finance the cost of this project with financing provided by VICI PropCo. To finance the Caruthersville project, we entered into an amendment to the Master Lease with VICI PropCo that provided for (i) modifications with respect to certain project work to be done by the Company related to Century Casino Caruthersville, (ii) modifications to rent under the Master Lease to provide for an increase in initial annualized rent by approximately $4.2 million after completion of the Caruthersville casino project and (iii) other related modifications. Following completion, VICI PropCo will own the real estate improvements associated with the Caruthersville project. As of September 30, 2023, we have received $30.2 million from VICI PropCo and have spent approximately $16.7 million of those funds on this project.

Caruthersville Hotel

In July 2021, we announced that we had purchased land and a small two-story hotel near Century Casino Caruthersville with plans to refurbish the existing hotel’s 36 rooms. The completely renovated hotel called The Farmstead opened on October 30, 2022 with a grand opening held in December 2022. The total cost of the project was $3.6 million.

Cape Girardeau Hotel

We are building a hotel at our Cape Girardeau location. The hotel is planned as a six-story building with 68,000 square feet that will be adjacent to and connected with the existing casino building. Construction on this project began in September 2022 and is expected to be completed in the first half of 2024. We estimate the project will cost $30.5 million, and we plan to finance this cost with cash on hand. As of September 30, 2023, we have spent approximately $16.5 million on this project.

Additional Gaming Projects

We currently are exploring additional potential gaming projects and acquisition opportunities. Along with the capital needs of potential projects, there are various other risks which, if they materialize, could affect our ability to complete a proposed project or acquisition or could eliminate its feasibility altogether.

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Presentation of Foreign Currency Amounts

The average exchange rates to the US dollar used to translate balances during each reported period are as follows:

|  | For the three months |  |  |  | For the nine months |  |
|  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | ended September 30, |  |
Average Rates |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | % Change |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | % Change
Canadian dollar (CAD) |  | 1.3408 |  | 1.3045 |  | (2.8%) |  | 1.3456 |  | 1.2823 |  | (4.9%)
Euros (EUR) |  | 0.9190 |  | 0.9920 |  | 7.4% |  | 0.9232 |  | 0.9403 |  | 1.8%
Polish zloty (PLN) |  | 4.1372 |  | 4.7025 |  | 12.0% |  | 4.2347 |  | 4.3935 |  | 3.6%
Source: Xe Currency Converter |  |  |  |

We recognize in our condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings foreign currency transaction gains or losses resulting from the translation of casino operations and other transactions that are denominated in a currency other than US dollars. Our casinos in Canada and Poland represent a significant portion of our business, and the revenue generated and expenses incurred by these operations are generally denominated in Canadian dollars and Polish zloty. A decrease in the value of these currencies in relation to the value of the US dollar would decrease the earnings from our foreign operations when translated into US dollars. An increase in the value of these currencies in relation to the value of the US dollar would increase the earnings from our foreign operations when translated into US dollars.

DISCUSSION OF RESULTS

Century Casinos, Inc. and Subsidiaries

|  | For the three months |  |  |  |  |  | For the nine months |  |  |  |
|  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | % |  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | %
Amounts in thousands |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change
Gaming Revenue |  | $ | 111,232 |  | $ | 93,505 |  | $ | 17,727 |  | 19.0% |  | $ | 306,373 |  | $ | 277,853 |  | $ | 28,520 |  | 10.3%
Pari-mutuel, Sports Betting and iGaming Revenue |  |  | 6,095 |  |  | 6,067 |  |  | 28 |  | 0.5% |  |  | 14,537 |  |  | 14,755 |  |  | (218) |  | (1.5%)
Hotel Revenue |  |  | 15,937 |  |  | 2,619 |  |  | 13,318 |  | 508.5% |  |  | 30,694 |  |  | 7,234 |  |  | 23,460 |  | 324.3%
Food and Beverage Revenue |  |  | 18,492 |  |  | 7,031 |  |  | 11,461 |  | 163.0% |  |  | 36,078 |  |  | 18,095 |  |  | 17,983 |  | 99.4%
Other Revenue |  |  | 9,423 |  |  | 3,330 |  |  | 6,093 |  | 183.0% |  |  | 18,766 |  |  | 8,839 |  |  | 9,927 |  | 112.3%
Net Operating Revenue |  |  | 161,179 |  |  | 112,552 |  |  | 48,627 |  | 43.2% |  |  | 406,448 |  |  | 326,776 |  |  | 79,672 |  | 24.4%
Gaming Expenses |  |  | (59,624) |  |  | (46,729) |  |  | 12,895 |  | 27.6% |  |  | (158,658) |  |  | (137,755) |  |  | 20,903 |  | 15.2%
Pari-mutuel, Sports Betting and iGaming Expenses |  |  | (7,201) |  |  | (6,922) |  |  | 279 |  | 4.0% |  |  | (16,718) |  |  | (16,724) |  |  | (6) |  | —
Hotel Expenses |  |  | (4,650) |  |  | (754) |  |  | 3,896 |  | 516.7% |  |  | (9,212) |  |  | (2,088) |  |  | 7,124 |  | 341.2%
Food and Beverage Expenses |  |  | (15,147) |  |  | (6,257) |  |  | 8,890 |  | 142.1% |  |  | (31,378) |  |  | (16,983) |  |  | 14,395 |  | 84.8%
Other Expenses |  |  | (4,726) |  |  | (332) |  |  | 4,394 |  | 1323.5% |  |  | (8,214) |  |  | (970) |  |  | 7,244 |  | 746.8%
General and Administrative Expenses |  |  | (43,187) |  |  | (25,847) |  |  | 17,340 |  | 67.1% |  |  | (103,920) |  |  | (78,032) |  |  | 25,888 |  | 33.2%
Depreciation and Amortization |  |  | (12,518) |  |  | (6,776) |  |  | 5,742 |  | 84.7% |  |  | (29,562) |  |  | (20,350) |  |  | 9,212 |  | 45.3%
Gain on Sale of Casino Operations |  |  | 341 |  |  | — |  |  | 341 |  | 100.0% |  |  | 1,587 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,587 |  | 100.0%
Loss on Sale of Assets |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,154) |  |  | (2,154) |  | (100.0%)
Total Operating Costs and Expenses |  |  | (146,712) |  |  | (93,617) |  |  | 53,095 |  | 56.7% |  |  | (356,075) |  |  | (275,056) |  |  | 81,019 |  | 29.5%
Earnings from Equity Investment |  |  | — |  |  | 1,071 |  |  | (1,071) |  | (100.0%) |  |  | 1,121 |  |  | 2,134 |  |  | (1,013) |  | (47.5%)
Earnings from Operations |  |  | 14,467 |  |  | 20,006 |  |  | (5,539) |  | (27.7%) |  |  | 51,494 |  |  | 53,854 |  |  | (2,360) |  | (4.4%)
Income Tax Benefit (Expense) |  |  | 3,068 |  |  | (855) |  |  | 3,923 |  | 458.8% |  |  | 1,349 |  |  | 8,130 |  |  | (6,781) |  | (83.4%)
Non-Controlling Interest |  |  | (709) |  |  | (1,266) |  |  | 557 |  | 44.0% |  |  | (7,305) |  |  | (4,752) |  |  | (2,553) |  | (53.7%)
Net (Loss) Earnings Attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. Shareholders |  |  | (14,175) |  |  | 2,944 |  |  | (17,119) |  | (581.5%) |  |  | (17,377) |  |  | 12,018 |  |  | (29,395) |  | (244.6%)
Adjusted EBITDA (1) |  | $ | 33,347 |  | $ | 28,068 |  | $ | 5,279 |  | 18.8% |  | $ | 88,686 |  | $ | 81,671 |  | $ | 7,015 |  | 8.6%
(Loss) Earnings Per Share Attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. Shareholders
Basic |  | $ | (0.47) |  | $ | 0.10 |  | $ | (0.57) |  | (570.0%) |  | $ | (0.57) |  | $ | 0.40 |  | $ | (0.97) |  | (242.5%)
Diluted |  | $ | (0.47) |  | $ | 0.09 |  | $ | (0.56) |  | (622.2%) |  | $ | (0.57) |  | $ | 0.38 |  | $ | (0.95) |  | (250.0%)

(1)For a discussion of Adjusted EBITDA and reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net earnings attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders, see “Non-US GAAP Measures – Adjusted EBITDA” below.

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Items impacting comparability of the results include the following:

Nugget – We acquired the operations of the Nugget on April 3, 2023. The Nugget is reported in the United States reportable segment and contributed $32.5 million in net operating revenue and $1.3 million in net earnings attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders for the three months ended September 30, 2023, and $59.6 million in net operating revenue and $3.3 million in net earnings attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. for the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The Nugget is in a gaming jurisdiction that is new to us and we incurred additional general and administrative expenses related to the acquisition.

Rocky Gap – We acquired the operations of Rocky Gap on July 25, 2023. Rocky Gap is reported in the United States reportable segment and contributed $14.6 million in net operating revenue and ($1.4) million in net loss attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. Rocky Gap is in a gaming jurisdiction that is new to us and we incurred additional general and administrative expenses related to the acquisition.

Canada (Real Estate Sale) – In September 2023, we completed the Canada Real Estate Sale. As part of the sale, we purchased the land at CDR for CAD 29.4 million ($21.6 million based on the exchange rate on September 6, 2023) prior to its sale to VICI. The purchase of the land at CDR resulted in a loss on debt extinguishment of CAD 9.9 million ($7.3 million based on the exchange rate as of September 6, 2023) that is recorded as interest expense in our condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Canada (Calgary) – In February 2022, we sold the land and building that we owned in Calgary for CAD 8.0 million ($6.3 million based on the exchange rate on February 10, 2022). We recorded a loss on the sale of the land and building of CAD 2.7 million ($2.2 million based on the average exchange rate for the month ended February 28, 2022). We have received earn out payments of CAD 0.5 million ($0.3 million based on the exchange rate on September 30, 2023) and CAD 2.1 million ($1.6 million based on the exchange rate of September 30, 2023) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, that are recorded to gain on sale of casino operations on our condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings.

COVID-19 (Canada) – Through early February 2022 we required customers to provide proof of vaccination, a negative rapid test result or an original medical exemption letter for entry to comply with a government mandate. In accordance with a government mandate, all customers and employees were required to wear masks while indoors through early March 2022. As the spread of COVID-19 slowed and these measures were lifted, we saw increased guest numbers and increased revenues in 2023 as compared to 2022.

Inflation and Staffing – We have seen material increases in our operating expenses at our properties, including payroll wages and benefits, insurance and utilities, maintenance costs and food and beverage costs. We have also experienced difficulties attracting and retaining staff at some locations in the US and Canada. As a result, we have had to adjust hours of some food and beverage outlets, the number of table games open and the number of rooms available at some of our hotels. We have been able to make adjustments during non-peak times to mitigate some of the impact to our operating results.

Deferred Financing Costs – We wrote-off approximately $7.3 million of deferred financing costs to interest expense in the second quarter of 2022 in connection with the prepayment of the Macquarie Term Loan.

Valuation Allowance – We released a $10.2 million US valuation allowance against deferred tax assets, resulting in an income tax benefit for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Results of Operations

Net operating revenue increased by $48.6 million, or 43.2%, and by $79.7 million, or 24.4%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. Following is a breakout of net operating revenue by segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022:

United States increased by $46.1 million, or 65.2%, and by $71.4 million, or 34.6%.

Canada increased by $0.9 million, or 4.3%, and by $1.2 million, or 2.1%.

Poland increased by $1.7 million, or 7.7%, and by $7.2 million, or 11.1%.

Corporate and Other remained constant and decreased by ($0.1) million, or (53.4%).

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Operating costs and expenses increased by $53.1 million, or 56.7%, and by $81.0 million, or 29.5%, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. Following is a breakout of operating costs and expenses by segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022:

United States increased by $42.7 million, or 78.5%, and by $69.2 million, or 44.2%.

Canada increased by $2.7 million, or 16.6%, and decreased by ($0.7) million, or (1.6%).

Poland increased by $3.1 million, or 16.0%, and by $8.8 million, or 14.9%.

Corporate and Other increased by $4.7 million, or 117.0%, and by $3.8 million, or 28.1%.

Earnings from operations decreased by ($5.5) million, or (27.7%), and by ($2.4) million, or (4.4%), for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. Following is a breakout of earnings from operations by segment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022:

United States increased by $3.5 million, or 21.2%, and by $2.1 million, or 4.3%.

Canada decreased by ($1.8) million, or (46.7%), and increased by $1.9 million, or 21.3%.

Poland decreased by ($1.4) million, or (52.2%), and by ($1.5) million, or (23.0%).

Corporate and Other decreased by ($5.8) million, or (199.9%), and by ($4.8) million, or (43.5%).

Net earnings attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders decreased by ($17.1) million, or (581.5%), and by ($29.4) million, or (244.6%), for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. Items deducted from or added to earnings from operations to arrive at net earnings attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders include interest income, interest expense, gains (losses) on foreign currency transactions and other, income tax expense (benefit) and non-controlling interest. Increased interest expense negatively impacted net loss attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders for the 2023 periods. Interest expense increased primarily due to additional properties added to the Master Lease, increased interest rates on our Goldman Credit Agreement and $7.3 million of additional interest expense related to the CDR land lease debt extinguishment. Other items that impacted the comparability of the results are discussed above.

Pari-Mutuel

Pari-mutuel revenue includes live racing, export, advanced deposit wagering and off-track betting. Pari-mutuel expenses relate to pari-mutuel revenue and the operation of our racetracks.

Other

Other revenue and other expenses include gift shops, entertainment, bowling and spa. Other revenue also includes revenue from ATM and credit card commissions.

Non-US GAAP Measures – Adjusted EBITDA

We define Adjusted EBITDA as net earnings (loss) attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders before interest expense (income), net, income taxes (benefit), depreciation, amortization, non-controlling interest earnings (losses) and transactions, pre-opening expenses, acquisition costs, non-cash stock-based compensation charges, asset impairment costs, loss (gain) on disposition of fixed assets, discontinued operations, (gain) loss on foreign currency transactions, cost recovery income and other, gain on business combination and certain other one-time transactions. Expense related to the Master Lease is included in the interest expense (income), net line item. Intercompany transactions consisting primarily of management and royalty fees and interest, along with their related tax effects, are excluded from the presentation of net earnings (loss) attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders and Adjusted EBITDA reported for each segment. Non-cash stock-based compensation expense is presented under Corporate and Other in the tables below as the expense is not allocated to reportable segments when reviewed by our chief operating decision makers. Not all of the aforementioned items occur in each reporting period, but have been included in the definition based on historical activity. These adjustments have no effect on the consolidated results as reported under US generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”). Adjusted EBITDA is not considered a measure of performance recognized under US GAAP.

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Management believes that Adjusted EBITDA is a valuable measure of the relative performance of the Company and its properties. The gaming industry commonly uses Adjusted EBITDA as a method of arriving at the economic value of a casino operation. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate and forecast the operating performance of the Company and its properties as well as to compare results of current periods to prior periods. Management believes that presenting Adjusted EBITDA to investors provides them with information used by management for financial and operational decision-making in order to understand the Company’s operating performance and evaluate the methodology used by management to evaluate and measure such performance. Management believes that using Adjusted EBITDA is a useful way to compare the relative operating performance of separate reportable segments by eliminating the above-mentioned items associated with the varying levels of capital expenditures for infrastructure required to generate revenue, and the often high cost of acquiring existing operations. Our computation of Adjusted EBITDA may be different from, and therefore may not be comparable to, similar measures used by other companies within the gaming industry.

The reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to net earnings (loss) attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders is presented below.

| For the three months ended September 30, 2023
Amounts in thousands |  |  | United States |  |  | Canada |  |  | Poland |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders |  | $ | 5,273 |  | $ | (1,730) |  | $ | 788 |  | $ | (18,506) |  | $ | (14,175)
Interest expense (income), net (1) |  |  | 11,951 |  |  | 8,706 |  |  | (74) |  |  | 10,785 |  |  | 31,368
Income taxes (benefit) |  |  | 818 |  |  | (3,403) |  |  | 378 |  |  | (861) |  |  | (3,068)
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 10,706 |  |  | 1,102 |  |  | 653 |  |  | 57 |  |  | 12,518
Net earnings (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  | 1,770 |  |  | (1,453) |  |  | 392 |  |  | — |  |  | 709
Non-cash stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,082 |  |  | 1,082
(Gain) loss on foreign currency transactions, cost recovery income and other (2) |  |  | (85) |  |  | 1,484 |  |  | (213) |  |  | (46) |  |  | 1,140
Loss on disposition of fixed assets |  |  | 56 |  |  | — |  |  | 24 |  |  | — |  |  | 80
Acquisition costs |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,693 |  |  | 3,693
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 30,489 |  | $ | 4,706 |  | $ | 1,948 |  | $ | (3,796) |  | $ | 33,347

(1)Interest expense (income), net includes interest expense of $12.0 million and $0.9 million related to the Master Lease in the United States and Canada segments, respectively, and interest expense of $0.4 million related to the CDR land lease and $7.3 million related to the debt extinguishment of the CDR land lease in the Canada segment. Cash payments related to the Master Lease and CDR land lease were $11.9 million and $0.3 million, respectively, for the period presented. The CDR land lease ended on September 6, 2023 in conjunction with the Canada Real Estate Sale.

(2)Included in the Canada segment is $0.3 million gain related to the earn out from the sale of casino operations in Calgary in 2020.

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| For the three months ended September 30, 2022
Amounts in thousands |  |  | United States |  |  | Canada |  |  | Poland |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders |  | $ | 2,372 |  | $ | 2,623 |  | $ | 2,032 |  | $ | (4,083) |  | $ | 2,944
Interest expense (income), net (1) |  |  | 7,201 |  |  | 581 |  |  | (519) |  |  | 8,087 |  |  | 15,350
Income taxes (benefit) |  |  | 6,767 |  |  | 522 |  |  | 465 |  |  | (6,899) |  |  | 855
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 4,892 |  |  | 1,180 |  |  | 623 |  |  | 81 |  |  | 6,776
Net earnings attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  | — |  |  | 250 |  |  | 1,016 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,266
Non-cash stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 953 |  |  | 953
Gain on foreign currency transactions and cost recovery income |  |  | — |  |  | (71) |  |  | (333) |  |  | (5) |  |  | (409)
Loss on disposition of fixed assets |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |  |  | 38
Acquisition costs |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 295 |  |  | 295
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 21,243 |  | $ | 5,085 |  | $ | 3,311 |  | $ | (1,571) |  | $ | 28,068

(1)Interest expense (income), net includes interest expense of $7.2 million related to the Master Lease in the United States segment and interest expense of $0.6 million related to the CDR land lease in the Canada segment. Cash payments related to the Master Lease and CDR land lease were $8.5 million and $0.5 million, respectively, for the period presented. The CDR land lease ended on September 6, 2023 in conjunction with the Canada Real Estate Sale.

| For the nine months ended September 30, 2023
Amounts in thousands |  |  | United States |  |  | Canada |  |  | Poland |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders |  | $ | 17,026 |  | $ | 2,865 |  | $ | 3,066 |  | $ | (40,334) |  | $ | (17,377)
Interest expense (income), net (1) |  |  | 26,370 |  |  | 9,776 |  |  | (285) |  |  | 31,238 |  |  | 67,099
Income taxes (benefit) |  |  | 4,656 |  |  | (624) |  |  | 1,398 |  |  | (6,779) |  |  | (1,349)
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 24,065 |  |  | 3,374 |  |  | 1,948 |  |  | 175 |  |  | 29,562
Net earnings attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  | 3,562 |  |  | 2,212 |  |  | 1,531 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,305
Non-cash stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,746 |  |  | 2,746
Gain on foreign currency transactions, cost recovery income and other (2) |  |  | (85) |  |  | (3,228) |  |  | (572) |  |  | (42) |  |  | (3,927)
Loss on disposition of fixed assets |  |  | 492 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 526
Acquisition costs |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,101 |  |  | 4,101
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 76,086 |  | $ | 14,380 |  | $ | 7,111 |  | $ | (8,891) |  | $ | 88,686

(1)Interest expense (income), net includes interest expense of $26.4 million and $0.9 million related to the Master Lease is included in the United States and Canada segments, respectively, and interest expense of $1.4 million related to the CDR land lease and $7.3 million related to the debt extinguishment of the CDR land lease is included in the Canada segment. Cash payments related to the Master Lease and CDR land lease were $25.7 million and $1.3 million, respectively, for the period presented. The CDR land lease ended on September 6, 2023 in conjunction with the Canada Real Estate Sale.

(2)Included in the Canada segment is $1.6 million gain related to the earn out payment from the sale of casino operations in Calgary in 2020 and cost recovery income for CDR.

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| For the nine months ended September 30, 2022
Amounts in thousands |  |  | United States |  |  | Canada |  |  | Poland |  |  | Corporate and Other |  |  | Total
Net earnings (loss) attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders |  | $ | 21,409 |  | $ | 4,797 |  | $ | 4,285 |  | $ | (18,473) |  | $ | 12,018
Interest expense (income), net (1) |  |  | 21,310 |  |  | 1,733 |  |  | (586) |  |  | 25,482 |  |  | 47,939
Income taxes (benefit) |  |  | 6,767 |  |  | 1,718 |  |  | 1,538 |  |  | (18,153) |  |  | (8,130)
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 14,418 |  |  | 3,632 |  |  | 1,979 |  |  | 321 |  |  | 20,350
Net earnings attributable to non-controlling interests |  |  | — |  |  | 2,608 |  |  | 2,144 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,752
Non-cash stock-based compensation |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,638 |  |  | 2,638
(Gain) loss on foreign currency transactions, cost recovery income and other (2) |  |  | (1) |  |  | 138 |  |  | (712) |  |  | (8) |  |  | (583)
Loss (gain) on disposition of fixed assets |  |  | 33 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 31 |  |  | (124) |  |  | (37)
Acquisition costs |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,724 |  |  | 2,724
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 63,936 |  | $ | 14,649 |  | $ | 8,679 |  | $ | (5,593) |  | $ | 81,671

(1)Interest expense (income), net includes interest expense of $21.3 million related to the Master Lease in the United States segment, interest expense of $1.7 million related to the CDR land lease in the Canada segment, and interest expense of $7.3 million related to the write-off of deferred financing costs in connection with the prepayment of the Macquarie Term Loan in the Corporate and Other segment. Cash payments related to the Master Lease and CDR land lease were $19.1 million and $1.6 million, respectively, for the period presented. The CDR land lease ended on September 6, 2023 in conjunction with the Canada Real Estate Sale.

(2)Loss of $2.2 million related to the sale of the land and building in Calgary in February 2022 is included in the Canada segment.

Non-US GAAP Measures – Net Debt

We define Net Debt as total long-term debt (including current portion) plus deferred financing costs minus cash and cash equivalents. Net Debt is not considered a liquidity measure recognized under US GAAP. Management believes that Net Debt is a valuable measure of our overall financial situation. Net Debt provides investors with an indication of our ability to pay off all of our long-term debt if it became due simultaneously. The reconciliation of Net Debt is presented below.

Amounts in thousands |  | September 30, 2023 |  | September 30, 2022
Total long-term debt, including current portion |  | $ | 333,086 |  | $ | 349,766
Deferred financing costs |  |  | 14,837 |  |  | 17,510
Total principal |  | $ | 347,923 |  | $ | 367,276
Less: Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 189,005 |  | $ | 99,257
Net Debt |  | $ | 158,918 |  | $ | 268,019

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Reportable Segments

The following discussion provides further detail of consolidated results by reportable segment.

United States |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | For the three months |  |  |  |  |  | For the nine months |  |  |  |
|  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | % |  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | %
Amounts in thousands |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change
Gaming Revenue |  | $ | 75,711 |  | $ | 60,150 |  | $ | 15,561 |  | 25.9% |  | $ | 200,089 |  | $ | 179,524 |  | $ | 20,565 |  | 11.5%
Pari-mutuel, Sports Betting and iGaming Revenue |  |  | 3,178 |  |  | 2,965 |  |  | 213 |  | 7.2% |  |  | 6,847 |  |  | 6,300 |  |  | 547 |  | 8.7%
Hotel Revenue |  |  | 15,791 |  |  | 2,485 |  |  | 13,306 |  | 535.5% |  |  | 30,305 |  |  | 6,895 |  |  | 23,410 |  | 339.5%
Food and Beverage Revenue |  |  | 14,242 |  |  | 3,319 |  |  | 10,923 |  | 329.1% |  |  | 25,922 |  |  | 9,314 |  |  | 16,608 |  | 178.3%
Other Revenue |  |  | 7,939 |  |  | 1,799 |  |  | 6,140 |  | 341.3% |  |  | 14,473 |  |  | 4,242 |  |  | 10,231 |  | 241.2%
Net Operating Revenue |  |  | 116,861 |  |  | 70,718 |  |  | 46,143 |  | 65.2% |  |  | 277,636 |  |  | 206,275 |  |  | 71,361 |  | 34.6%
Gaming Expenses |  |  | (41,972) |  |  | (30,351) |  |  | 11,621 |  | 38.3% |  |  | (104,784) |  |  | (89,781) |  |  | 15,003 |  | 16.7%
Pari-mutuel, Sports Betting and iGaming Expenses |  |  | (2,515) |  |  | (2,257) |  |  | 258 |  | 11.4% |  |  | (4,966) |  |  | (4,554) |  |  | 412 |  | 9.0%
Hotel Expenses |  |  | (4,583) |  |  | (680) |  |  | 3,903 |  | 574.0% |  |  | (9,015) |  |  | (1,902) |  |  | 7,113 |  | 374.0%
Food and Beverage Expenses |  |  | (11,012) |  |  | (2,775) |  |  | 8,237 |  | 296.8% |  |  | (20,538) |  |  | (7,910) |  |  | 12,628 |  | 159.6%
Other Expenses |  |  | (4,687) |  |  | (298) |  |  | 4,389 |  | 1472.8% |  |  | (8,121) |  |  | (792) |  |  | 7,329 |  | 925.4%
General and Administrative Expenses |  |  | (21,574) |  |  | (13,125) |  |  | 8,449 |  | 64.4% |  |  | (54,533) |  |  | (37,433) |  |  | 17,100 |  | 45.7%
Depreciation and Amortization |  |  | (10,706) |  |  | (4,892) |  |  | 5,814 |  | 118.8% |  |  | (24,065) |  |  | (14,418) |  |  | 9,647 |  | 66.9%
Total Operating Costs and Expenses |  |  | (97,049) |  |  | (54,378) |  |  | 42,671 |  | 78.5% |  |  | (226,022) |  |  | (156,790) |  |  | 69,232 |  | 44.2%
Earnings from Operations |  |  | 19,812 |  |  | 16,340 |  |  | 3,472 |  | 21.2% |  |  | 51,614 |  |  | 49,485 |  |  | 2,129 |  | 4.3%
Income Tax Expense |  |  | (818) |  |  | (6,767) |  |  | 5,949 |  | 87.9% |  |  | (4,656) |  |  | (6,767) |  |  | 2,111 |  | 31.2%
Non-Controlling Interest |  |  | (1,770) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,770) |  | (100.0%) |  |  | (3,562) |  |  | — |  |  | (3,562) |  | (100.0%)
Net Earnings Attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. Shareholders |  |  | 5,273 |  |  | 2,372 |  |  | 2,901 |  | 122.3% |  |  | 17,026 |  |  | 21,409 |  |  | (4,383) |  | (20.5%)
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 30,489 |  | $ | 21,243 |  | $ | 9,246 |  | 43.5% |  | $ | 76,086 |  | $ | 63,936 |  | $ | 12,150 |  | 19.0%

We began consolidating Nugget and Smooth Bourbon in the United States segment on April 3, 2023 following the Second Closing of the Nugget Acquisition, and we began consolidating Rocky Gap on July 25, 2023 following the closing of the Rocky Gap Acquisition.

Sports wagering in Colorado became legal in May 2020. We have partnered with sports betting operators that will conduct sports wagering under each of the three Colorado master licenses for sports wagering held by our Colorado subsidiaries. One of these mobile sports betting apps launched in July 2020, a second launched in August 2021, and the third launched in September 2022. Each agreement with the sports betting operators provides for a share of net gaming revenue and a minimum revenue guarantee each year.

We operate an internet and mobile interactive gaming application in West Virginia with two iGaming partners. The agreements provide for a share of net iGaming revenue.

The Walker’s Bluff Casino in Illinois opened in August 2023. This casino is expected to increase competition for our Missouri casinos, primarily our Cape Girardeau casino, which could have a negative impact on our results of operations in Missouri. While we saw a small decline in revenue and customer visits in the first couple of weeks of the Walker’s Bluff operations, we believe that our marketing efforts have been effective in offsetting this competition to date. Additionally, there are two potential competing casinos that may open in the Central City, Colorado market in 2024. An increase in competitors could lead to a decrease in visitors at our casinos and have a negative impact on our results of operations in Central City.

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The table below provides results by operating segment within the United States reportable segment.

|  | For the three months |  |  |  |  |  | For the nine months |  |  |  |
|  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | % |  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | %
Amounts in millions |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change
Net Operating Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
East |  | $ | 44.0 |  | $ | 30.4 |  | $ | 13.6 |  | 44.7% |  | $ | 98.8 |  | $ | 86.4 |  | $ | 12.4 |  | 14.4%
Midwest |  |  | 40.3 |  |  | 40.3 |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | 119.3 |  |  | 119.9 |  |  | (0.6) |  | (0.6%)
West |  |  | 32.5 |  |  | — |  |  | 32.5 |  | 100.0% |  |  | 59.6 |  |  | — |  |  | 59.6 |  | 100.0%
Total United States |  |  | 116.8 |  |  | 70.7 |  |  | 46.1 |  | 65.2% |  |  | 277.7 |  |  | 206.3 |  |  | 71.4 |  | 34.6%
Operating Costs and Expenses (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
East |  | $ | 35.5 |  | $ | 25.1 |  | $ | 10.4 |  | 41.4% |  | $ | 82.6 |  | $ | 71.9 |  | $ | 10.7 |  | 14.9%
Midwest |  |  | 25.1 |  |  | 24.4 |  |  | 0.7 |  | 2.9% |  |  | 73.2 |  |  | 70.5 |  |  | 2.7 |  | 3.8%
West |  |  | 25.7 |  |  | — |  |  | 25.7 |  | 100.0% |  |  | 46.2 |  |  | — |  |  | 46.2 |  | 100.0%
Total United States |  |  | 86.3 |  |  | 49.5 |  |  | 36.8 |  | 74.3% |  |  | 202.0 |  |  | 142.4 |  |  | 59.6 |  | 41.9%

(1)Operating costs and expenses are calculated as total operating costs and expenses less depreciation and amortization.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

The following discussion highlights results for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022.

East – Increased net operating revenue and operating costs and expenses were due to the acquisition of Rocky Gap. Net operating revenue from existing operations in the segment decreased due to decreased gaming revenue. We have seen a decrease in gaming revenue in West Virginia, particularly in table games, since sports betting in Ohio began at the beginning of 2023. Operating expenses in West Virginia remained constant.

Midwest – Net operating revenue remained constant, as increased revenue in Missouri was offset by decreased gaming revenue in Colorado. In Missouri, increased revenue was primarily at our Caruthersville location and from hotel revenue from The Farmstead, which opened in October 2022. The decreases in gaming revenue in Colorado were offset by revenue from the third sports betting app in Colorado that launched in September 2022. Operating expenses in the Midwest operating segment increased due to increased payroll and marketing costs.

West – As a new operating segment, all increases are due to the acquisition of the Nugget on April 3, 2023.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

The following discussion highlights results for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

East – Increased net operating revenue and operating costs and expenses were due to the acquisition of Rocky Gap. Net operating revenue from existing operations decreased due to decreased gaming revenue offset by increased hotel revenue from increased hotel occupancy and room rates. We have seen a decrease in gaming revenue in West Virginia, particularly in table games, since sports betting in Ohio began at the beginning of 2023. Operating expenses increased due to increased insurance costs offset by decreased gaming related expenses.

Midwest – Net operating revenue decreased due to decreased gaming revenue, primarily in Colorado. In Missouri, increased revenue was primarily at our Caruthersville location and from hotel revenue from The Farmstead, which opened in October 2022. We believe there has been some negative impact on net operating revenue by the construction projects at our Missouri properties. The decreases in gaming revenue in Colorado were offset by revenue from the third sports betting app in Colorado that launched in September 2022. Operating expenses in the Midwest increased due to increased payroll and marketing costs.

West – As a new operating segment, all increases are due to the acquisition of the Nugget on April 3, 2023.

A reconciliation of net earnings attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders to Adjusted EBITDA can be found in the “Non-US GAAP Measures – Adjusted EBITDA” discussion above.

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46

Canada |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | For the three months |  |  |  |  |  | For the nine months |  |  |  |
|  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | % |  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | %
Amounts in thousands |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change
Gaming Revenue |  | $ | 12,407 |  | $ | 11,841 |  | $ | 566 |  | 4.8% |  | $ | 34,606 |  | $ | 33,728 |  | $ | 878 |  | 2.6%
Pari-mutuel, Sports Betting and iGaming Revenue |  |  | 2,917 |  |  | 3,102 |  |  | (185) |  | (6.0%) |  |  | 7,690 |  |  | 8,455 |  |  | (765) |  | (9.0%)
Hotel Revenue |  |  | 146 |  |  | 134 |  |  | 12 |  | 9.0% |  |  | 389 |  |  | 339 |  |  | 50 |  | 14.7%
Food and Beverage Revenue |  |  | 4,012 |  |  | 3,509 |  |  | 503 |  | 14.3% |  |  | 9,449 |  |  | 8,171 |  |  | 1,278 |  | 15.6%
Other Revenue |  |  | 1,439 |  |  | 1,479 |  |  | (40) |  | (2.7%) |  |  | 4,128 |  |  | 4,412 |  |  | (284) |  | (6.4%)
Net Operating Revenue |  |  | 20,921 |  |  | 20,065 |  |  | 856 |  | 4.3% |  |  | 56,262 |  |  | 55,105 |  |  | 1,157 |  | 2.1%
Gaming Expenses |  |  | (2,834) |  |  | (2,831) |  |  | 3 |  | 0.1% |  |  | (7,539) |  |  | (7,482) |  |  | 57 |  | 0.8%
Pari-mutuel, Sports Betting and iGaming Expenses |  |  | (4,686) |  |  | (4,665) |  |  | 21 |  | 0.5% |  |  | (11,752) |  |  | (12,170) |  |  | (418) |  | (3.4%)
Hotel Expenses |  |  | (67) |  |  | (74) |  |  | (7) |  | (9.5%) |  |  | (197) |  |  | (186) |  |  | 11 |  | 5.9%
Food and Beverage Expenses |  |  | (3,182) |  |  | (2,741) |  |  | 441 |  | 16.1% |  |  | (8,011) |  |  | (6,804) |  |  | 1,207 |  | 17.7%
Other Expenses |  |  | (39) |  |  | (34) |  |  | 5 |  | 14.7% |  |  | (93) |  |  | (178) |  |  | (85) |  | (47.8%)
General and Administrative Expenses |  |  | (7,272) |  |  | (4,635) |  |  | 2,637 |  | 56.9% |  |  | (16,156) |  |  | (13,659) |  |  | 2,497 |  | 18.3%
Depreciation and Amortization |  |  | (1,102) |  |  | (1,180) |  |  | (78) |  | (6.6%) |  |  | (3,374) |  |  | (3,632) |  |  | (258) |  | (7.1%)
Gain on Sale of Casino Operations |  |  | 341 |  |  | — |  |  | 341 |  | 100.0% |  |  | 1,587 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,587 |  | 100.0%
Loss on Sale of Assets |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,154) |  |  | (2,154) |  | (100.0%)
Total Operating Costs and Expenses |  |  | (18,841) |  |  | (16,160) |  |  | 2,681 |  | 16.6% |  |  | (45,535) |  |  | (46,265) |  |  | (730) |  | (1.6%)
Earnings from Operations |  |  | 2,080 |  |  | 3,905 |  |  | (1,825) |  | (46.7%) |  |  | 10,727 |  |  | 8,840 |  |  | 1,887 |  | 21.3%
Income Tax Benefit (Expense) |  |  | 3,403 |  |  | (522) |  |  | 3,925 |  | 751.9% |  |  | 624 |  |  | (1,718) |  |  | 2,342 |  | 136.3%
Non-Controlling Interest |  |  | 1,453 |  |  | (250) |  |  | 1,703 |  | 681.2% |  |  | (2,212) |  |  | (2,608) |  |  | 396 |  | 15.2%
Net (Loss) Earnings Attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. Shareholders |  |  | (1,730) |  |  | 2,623 |  |  | (4,353) |  | (166.0%) |  |  | 2,865 |  |  | 4,797 |  |  | (1,932) |  | (40.3%)
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 4,706 |  | $ | 5,085 |  | $ | (379) |  | (7.5%) |  | $ | 14,380 |  | $ | 14,649 |  | $ | (269) |  | (1.8%)

In February 2022, we sold the land and building we owned in Calgary, transferred the lease agreement for the casino premises to the buyer and ceased operating Century Sports, which impacts comparability of the Calgary operating segment in 2022. We have received earn out payments from the sale of the Calgary casino operations of CAD 0.5 million ($0.3 million based on the exchange rate on September 30, 2023) and CAD 2.1 million ($1.6 million based on the exchange rate of September 30, 2023) for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, that are recorded to gain on sale of casino operations in our condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings.

In late November 2022, a competing casino was relocated to a new site approximately eight miles south of Century Downs. Competition from this casino has had a negative impact on financial results at this location. In addition, in January 2022, the Alberta Gaming, Liquor and Cannabis Commission (“AGLC”) removed the moratorium on new gaming facilities. While we do not expect new gaming facilities in the markets in which we operate, an increase in competitors could have a negative impact on our results of operations in Alberta.

In February 2023, the AGLC approved a temporary increase from 15% of slot machine net sales retained by casinos to 17% effective from April 1, 2023 through March 31, 2025. The increase in the slot machine net sales retention percentage is expected to have a positive impact on net operating revenue and results of operations at our Canadian properties during this time period.

Effective August 1, 2023, the AGLC extended the operating hours for slot machines by 30 minutes on weekdays and 90 minutes on weekends.

In September 2023, we completed the Canada Real Estate Sale. As part of the sale, we purchased the land at CDR for CAD 29.4 million ($21.6 million based on the exchange rate on September 6, 2023) prior to its sale to VICI. The purchase of the land at CDR resulted in a loss on debt extinguishment of CAD 9.9 million ($7.3 million based on the exchange rate as of September 6, 2023) that is recorded as interest expense in our condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Results in US dollars were impacted by a (2.8%) and a (4.9%) decrease in the average exchange rate between the US dollar and Canadian dollar for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.

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The tables below provide results for the Canada reportable segment.

|  | For the three months |  |  |  |  |  | For the nine months |  |  |  |
|  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | % |  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | %
Amounts in CAD, in millions |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change
Net Operating Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Canada |  |  | 28.0 |  |  | 26.1 |  |  | 1.9 |  | 7.2% |  |  | 75.7 |  |  | 70.7 |  |  | 5.0 |  | 7.0%
Operating Costs and Expenses (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Canada |  |  | 24.3 |  |  | 19.6 |  |  | 4.7 |  | 24.0% |  |  | 58.9 |  |  | 52.0 |  |  | 6.9 |  | 13.3%

|  | For the three months |  |  |  |  |  | For the nine months |  |  |  |
|  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | % |  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | %
Amounts in USD, in millions |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change
Net Operating Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Canada |  | $ | 20.9 |  | $ | 20.0 |  | $ | 0.9 |  | 4.3% |  | $ | 56.3 |  | $ | 55.1 |  | $ | 1.2 |  | 2.1%
Operating Costs and Expenses (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Canada |  | $ | 18.1 |  | $ | 15.0 |  | $ | 3.1 |  | 20.7% |  | $ | 43.7 |  | $ | 40.6 |  | $ | 3.1 |  | 7.6%

(1)Operating costs and expenses are calculated as total operating costs and expenses less depreciation and amortization and gain on sale of casino operations and loss on sale of assets.

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

The following discussion highlights results for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022. Explanations below are provided based on CAD results.

Gaming revenue increased at all of our Canada locations, with the exception of Century Downs, due primarily to the additional 2% slot machine net sales retained starting April 1, 2023. Gaming revenue decreased at Century Downs by (CAD 0.2 million), or (2.8%), ($0.2 million, or 5.5%), due to a competitor opening close to the casino in November 2022. Operating costs and expenses increased due to increased payroll, cost of goods sold, utility costs and one-time costs of CAD 1.9 million ($1.4 million) related to the Canada Real Estate Sale.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

The following discussion highlights results for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Explanations below are provided based on CAD results.

Through early February 2022 we required customers to provide proof of vaccination, a negative rapid test result or an original medical exemption letter for entry to comply with a government mandate. In accordance with a government mandate, all customers and employees were required to wear masks while indoors through early March 2022.

Gaming revenue increased at all of our Canada locations, with the exception of Century Downs, due to the COVID-19 restrictions lifting. In addition, gaming revenue increased due to the additional 2% slot machine net sales retained starting April 1, 2023. Gaming revenue decreased at Century Downs by (CAD 0.9 million), or (6.1%), ($1.2 million, or 10.4%), due to a competitor opening close to the casino in November 2022. Operating costs and expenses increased due to increased payroll and marketing costs, cost of goods sold, utility costs and one-time costs of CAD 1.9 million ($1.4 million) related to the Canada Real Estate Sale. In February 2022, we ceased operating Century Sports, which contributed to a decrease in net operating revenue of (CAD 0.3 million) ($0.3 million) and decreased operating costs and expenses of (CAD 0.3 million) ($0.3 million) for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

A reconciliation of net earnings attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders to Adjusted EBITDA can be found in the “Non-US GAAP Measures – Adjusted EBITDA” discussion above.

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Poland |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | For the three months |  |  |  |  |  | For the nine months |  |  |  |
|  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | % |  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | %
Amounts in thousands |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change
Gaming Revenue |  | $ | 23,114 |  | $ | 21,478 |  | $ | 1,636 |  | 7.6% |  | $ | 71,617 |  | $ | 64,481 |  | $ | 7,136 |  | 11.1%
Food and Beverage Revenue |  |  | 238 |  |  | 203 |  |  | 35 |  | 17.2% |  |  | 707 |  |  | 610 |  |  | 97 |  | 15.9%
Other Revenue |  |  | 45 |  |  | 52 |  |  | (7) |  | (13.5%) |  |  | 165 |  |  | 174 |  |  | (9) |  | (5.2%)
Net Operating Revenue |  |  | 23,397 |  |  | 21,733 |  |  | 1,664 |  | 7.7% |  |  | 72,489 |  |  | 65,265 |  |  | 7,224 |  | 11.1%
Gaming Expenses |  |  | (14,816) |  |  | (13,518) |  |  | 1,298 |  | 9.6% |  |  | (46,285) |  |  | (40,405) |  |  | 5,880 |  | 14.6%
Food and Beverage Expenses |  |  | (953) |  |  | (741) |  |  | 212 |  | 28.6% |  |  | (2,829) |  |  | (2,269) |  |  | 560 |  | 24.7%
General and Administrative Expenses |  |  | (5,704) |  |  | (4,190) |  |  | 1,514 |  | 36.1% |  |  | (16,289) |  |  | (13,943) |  |  | 2,346 |  | 16.8%
Depreciation and Amortization |  |  | (653) |  |  | (623) |  |  | 30 |  | 4.8% |  |  | (1,948) |  |  | (1,979) |  |  | (31) |  | (1.6%)
Total Operating Costs and Expenses |  |  | (22,126) |  |  | (19,072) |  |  | 3,054 |  | 16.0% |  |  | (67,351) |  |  | (58,596) |  |  | 8,755 |  | 14.9%
Earnings from Operations |  |  | 1,271 |  |  | 2,661 |  |  | (1,390) |  | (52.2%) |  |  | 5,138 |  |  | 6,669 |  |  | (1,531) |  | (23.0%)
Income Tax Expense |  |  | (378) |  |  | (465) |  |  | 87 |  | 18.7% |  |  | (1,398) |  |  | (1,538) |  |  | 140 |  | 9.1%
Non-Controlling Interest |  |  | (392) |  |  | (1,016) |  |  | 624 |  | 61.4% |  |  | (1,531) |  |  | (2,144) |  |  | 613 |  | 28.6%
Net Earnings Attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. Shareholders |  |  | 788 |  |  | 2,032 |  |  | (1,244) |  | (61.2%) |  |  | 3,066 |  |  | 4,285 |  |  | (1,219) |  | (28.4%)
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | 1,948 |  | $ | 3,311 |  | $ | (1,363) |  | (41.2%) |  | $ | 7,111 |  | $ | 8,679 |  | $ | (1,568) |  | (18.1%)

In Poland, casino gaming licenses are granted for a term of six years. These licenses are not renewable. Before a gaming license expires, there is a public notification of the available license and any gaming company can apply for a new license for that city. CPL was awarded a casino gaming license in the Warsaw market which it is currently using at the casino in the Warsaw Marriott. In September 2022, CPL transferred the casino license for the Warsaw Marriott Hotel expiring in July 2024 to the Warsaw Hilton Hotel, and CPL was granted a new license for the Warsaw Marriott Hotel expiring in September 2028.

We closed the casinos in Katowice and Bielsko-Biala on October 16, 2023 due to the expiration of the gaming licenses. CPL has submitted applications for casino licenses in these cities. At the time of filing licenses have not been awarded by the Polish Minister of Finance for either location. There can be no assurance that such licenses will be received. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Bielsko-Biala casino generated approximately 3% and Katowice generated approximately 8% of CPL’s gaming revenue and together approximately 1.5% of our consolidated net operating revenue. The next license expiration for a CPL casino occurs in November 2023 in Wroclaw. CPL has also applied for a casino license in Wroclaw ahead of that license’s expiration, but the license had not yet been awarded. There can be no assurance that such license will be received.

Results in US dollars were impacted by a 12.0% and 3.6% increase in the average exchange rate between the US dollar and Polish zloty for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.

The tables below provide results for the Poland reportable segment.

|  | For the three months |  |  |  |  |  | For the nine months |  |  |  |
|  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | % |  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | %
Amounts in PLN, in millions |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change
Net Operating Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Poland |  |  | 96.8 |  |  | 102.2 |  |  | (5.4) |  | (5.3%) |  |  | 307.4 |  |  | 287.0 |  |  | 20.4 |  | 7.1%
Operating Costs and Expenses (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Poland |  |  | 88.8 |  |  | 86.8 |  |  | 2.0 |  | 2.3% |  |  | 277.1 |  |  | 248.7 |  |  | 28.4 |  | 11.4%

|  | For the three months |  |  |  |  |  | For the nine months |  |  |  |
|  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | % |  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | %
Amounts in USD, in millions |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change
Net Operating Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Poland |  | $ | 23.4 |  | $ | 21.7 |  | $ | 1.7 |  | 7.7% |  | $ | 72.5 |  | $ | 65.3 |  | $ | 7.2 |  | 11.1%
Operating Costs and Expenses (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Poland |  | $ | 21.5 |  | $ | 18.4 |  | $ | 3.1 |  | 16.8% |  | $ | 65.4 |  | $ | 56.6 |  | $ | 8.8 |  | 15.5%

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Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

The following discussion highlights results for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022. Explanations below are provided based on PLN results.

Net operating revenue decreased primarily due to decreased gaming revenue primarily at our Bielsko-Biala, Krakow and Marriott Warsaw locations. Operating costs and expenses increased due to an increase in payroll costs offset by decreased gaming-related expenses.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

The following discussion highlights results for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Explanations below are provided based on PLN results.

Net operating revenue increased primarily due to increased gaming revenue. We saw an increase in revenue throughout 2022 and into 2023 as COVID-19 related travel restrictions lessened. Operating costs and expenses increased due to an increase in payroll costs, marketing expenses and gaming-related expenses.

A reconciliation of net earnings attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders to Adjusted EBITDA can be found in the “Non-US GAAP Measures – Adjusted EBITDA” discussion above.

Corporate and Other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | For the three months |  |  |  |  |  | For the nine months |  |  |  |
|  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | % |  | ended September 30, |  |  |  | %
Amounts in thousands |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change |  |  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |  |  | Change |  | Change
Gaming Revenue |  | $ | — |  | $ | 36 |  | $ | (36) |  | (100.0%) |  | $ | 61 |  | $ | 120 |  | $ | (59) |  | (49.2%)
Other Revenue |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | (11) |  | (100.0%)
Net Operating Revenue |  |  | — |  |  | 36 |  |  | (36) |  | (100.0%) |  |  | 61 |  |  | 131 |  |  | (70) |  | (53.4%)
Gaming Expenses |  |  | (2) |  |  | (29) |  |  | (27) |  | (93.1%) |  |  | (50) |  |  | (87) |  |  | (37) |  | (42.5%)
General and Administrative Expenses |  |  | (8,637) |  |  | (3,897) |  |  | 4,740 |  | 121.6% |  |  | (16,942) |  |  | (12,997) |  |  | 3,945 |  | 30.4%
Depreciation and Amortization |  |  | (57) |  |  | (81) |  |  | (24) |  | (29.6%) |  |  | (175) |  |  | (321) |  |  | (146) |  | (45.5%)
Total Operating Costs and Expenses |  |  | (8,696) |  |  | (4,007) |  |  | 4,689 |  | 117.0% |  |  | (17,167) |  |  | (13,405) |  |  | 3,762 |  | 28.1%
Earnings from Equity Investment |  |  | — |  |  | 1,071 |  |  | (1,071) |  | (100.0%) |  |  | 1,121 |  |  | 2,134 |  |  | (1,013) |  | (47.5%)
Loss from Operations |  |  | (8,696) |  |  | (2,900) |  |  | (5,796) |  | (199.9%) |  |  | (15,985) |  |  | (11,140) |  |  | (4,845) |  | (43.5%)
Income Tax Benefit |  |  | 861 |  |  | 6,899 |  |  | (6,038) |  | (87.5%) |  |  | 6,779 |  |  | 18,153 |  |  | (11,374) |  | (62.7%)
Net Loss Attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. Shareholders |  |  | (18,506) |  |  | (4,083) |  |  | (14,423) |  | (353.2%) |  |  | (40,334) |  |  | (18,473) |  |  | (21,861) |  | (118.3%)
Adjusted EBITDA |  | $ | (3,796) |  | $ | (1,571) |  | $ | (2,225) |  | (141.6%) |  | $ | (8,891) |  | $ | (5,593) |  | $ | (3,298) |  | (59.0%)

The table below illustrates the ships operating during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

Ship | Operated From | Operated To
Mein Schiff Herz | April 5, 2022 | April 16, 2023
Mein Schiff 6 | June 11, 2021 | April 18, 2022

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

The following discussion highlights results for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022.

Net operating revenue decreased due to the remaining ship-based casino contract ending in April 2023. General and administrative expenses increased by $4.7 million, or 121.6%, due primarily to increased payroll and acquisition costs. Earnings from equity investment relates to income from our 50% membership interest in Smooth Bourbon prior to its consolidation in the United States reportable segment on April 3, 2023.

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 and 2022

The following discussion highlights results for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Net operating revenue decreased due to the remaining ship-based casino contract ending in April 2023. General and administrative expenses increased by $3.9 million, or 30.4%, due primarily to increased payroll and professional service expenses and acquisition costs. Earnings from equity investment relates to income from our 50% membership interest in Smooth Bourbon prior to its consolidation in the United States reportable segment on April 3, 2023.

A reconciliation of net loss attributable to Century Casinos, Inc. shareholders to Adjusted EBITDA can be found in the “Non-US GAAP Measures – Adjusted EBITDA” discussion above.

Non-Operating Income (Expense)

Non-operating income (expense) was as follows:

|  | For the three months |  |  |  |  |  |  | For the nine months |  |  |  |  |
|  | ended September 30, |  |  |  |  | % |  | ended September 30, |  |  |  |  | %
Amounts in thousands |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | $ Change |  | Change |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | $ Change |  | Change
Interest Income |  | $ | 75 |  | $ | 574 |  | $ | (499) |  | (86.9%) |  | $ | 340 |  | $ | 699 |  | $ | (359) |  | (51.4%)
Interest Expense |  |  | (31,443) |  |  | (15,924) |  |  | 15,519 |  | 97.5% |  |  | (67,439) |  |  | (48,638) |  |  | 18,801 |  | 38.7%
Gain on Foreign Currency Transactions, Cost Recovery Income and Other |  |  | 367 |  |  | 409 |  |  | (42) |  | (10.3%) |  |  | 4,184 |  |  | 2,725 |  |  | 1,459 |  | 53.5%
Non-Operating (Expense) Income |  | $ | (31,001) |  | $ | (14,941) |  | $ | 16,060 |  | 107.5% |  | $ | (62,915) |  | $ | (45,214) |  | $ | 17,701 |  | 39.1%

Interest income

Interest income is directly related to interest earned on our cash reserves and the Acquisition Escrow. The Acquisition Escrow was used to fund the Nugget Acquisition on April 3, 2023.

Interest expense

Interest expense is directly related to interest owed on our borrowings under our Goldman Credit Agreement, Macquarie Credit Agreement, our financing obligation with VICI PropCo, our CPL and CRM borrowings, our capital lease agreements and interest expense related to the CDR land lease. We recorded a loss on debt extinguishment related to the CDR land lease of CAD 9.9 million ($7.3 million based on the exchange rate on September 6, 2023) in interest expense in our condensed consolidated statements of (loss) earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. We wrote off approximately $7.3 million of deferred financing costs to interest expense in the second quarter of 2022 in connection with the prepayment of the Macquarie Term Loan. Increases in interest expense were due to increased interest rates on our Goldman Credit Agreement, interest on the Revolving Facility with Goldman from July to September 2023 and increased interest related to the addition of Rocky Gap and the Century Canadian Portfolio to the financing obligation with VICI.

Gain on foreign currency transactions, cost recovery income and other

CDR received cost recovery income of $3.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 related to infrastructure built during the development of the Century Downs REC project. The distribution to CDR’s non-controlling shareholders through non-controlling interest is part of a credit agreement between CRM and CDR. Cost recovery income of $1.9 million was received by CDR for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Taxes

Income tax expense is recorded relative to the jurisdictions that recognize book earnings. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we recognized an income tax benefit of ($1.3) million on pre-tax loss of ($11.4) million, representing an effective income tax rate of 11.8% compared to an income tax benefit of ($8.1) million on pre-tax income of $8.6 million, representing an effective income tax rate of (94.1%) for the same period in 2022. For further discussion of our effective income tax rates and an analysis of our effective income tax rate compared to the US federal statutory income tax rate, see Note 8, “Income Taxes,” to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our business is capital intensive, and we rely heavily on the ability of our casinos to generate operating cash flow. We use the cash flows that we generate to maintain operations, fund reinvestment in existing properties for both refurbishment and expansion projects, repay third party debt, and pursue additional growth via new development and acquisition opportunities. When necessary and available, we supplement the cash flows generated by our operations with either cash on hand or funds provided by bank borrowings or other debt or equity financing activities.

Cash Flows – Summary

Our cash flows; cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash; and working capital consisted of the following:

|  | For the nine months
|  | ended September 30,
Amounts in thousands |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | $ | 27,990 |  | $ | 36,688
Net cash used in investing activities |  |  | (189,370) |  |  | (100,892)
Net cash provided by financing activities |  |  | 147,933 |  |  | 158,443

|  | As of September 30, |  | As of September 30,
Amounts in thousands |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (1) |  | $ | 189,243 |  | $ | 199,499
Working capital (2) |  | $ | 134,490 |  | $ | 165,281

(1)Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash as of September 30, 2022 includes $100.1 million related to the Acquisition Escrow.

(2)Working capital is defined as current assets minus current liabilities and includes the $100.1 million related to the Acquisition Escrow as of September 30, 2022.

Operating Activities

Our cash flows from operations have historically been positive and sufficient to fund ordinary operations. Trends in our operating cash flows tend to follow trends in earnings from operations, excluding non-cash charges. Please refer to the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q and to management’s discussion of the results of operations above in this Item 2 for a discussion of earnings from operations.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 consisted of $98.8 million to acquire the Nugget, net of cash, $53.0 million to acquire Rocky Gap, net of cash, $0.4 million for slot machine purchases, $0.2 million in gaming-related purchases and $1.1 million in various improvements to the Mountaineer property in West Virginia, $0.8 million in gaming related purchases in Maryland, $13.7 million for our hotel project in Cape Girardeau, $14.5 million for our casino project in Caruthersville, $1.3 million in improvement projects for the temporary casino in Caruthersville, $0.2 million for our stand-alone hotel project in Caruthersville, $0.7 million for slot machine purchases and $0.4 million for surveillance equipment at our Missouri properties, $2.7 million for slot machine purchases and $1.1 million in exterior improvements in Nevada, $0.6 million for slot machine purchases, $0.1 million in gaming-related purchases and $0.1 million in camera upgrades at our Colorado properties, $1.4 million in slot machine purchases in Poland, $0.4 million related to adding sportsbooks at our Canada properties and $2.4 million in other fixed asset additions at our properties, offset by $1.6 million in proceeds from the earn out related to the sale of casino operations in Calgary in 2020, $2.3 million in dividends from Smooth Bourbon, $0.1 million in proceeds from the disposition of assets, and $0.5 million in cash due to consolidating Smooth Bourbon following the Nugget Acquisition.

Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 consisted of $95.0 million for the purchase of the 50% equity interest in Smooth Bourbon, $0.4 million for a casino license in Poland, $1.6 million for slot machine purchases, $0.2 million in gaming-related purchases, $0.1 million for outdoor pool and patio furniture and $0.1 million for hotel carpet in West Virginia, $0.9 million for our hotel remodel in Cape Girardeau, $1.3 million for our casino project in Caruthersville, $1.9 million for our stand-alone hotel project in Caruthersville, $1.5 million for slot machine purchases at our Missouri properties, $0.4 million for slot machine purchases, $0.2 million in gaming-related purchases and $0.2 million in camera upgrades at our Colorado properties, $0.6 million for employee housing in Cripple Creek, $0.7 million in slot machine and table game purchases in Poland, $0.2 million for carpet at Century Downs and $3.0 million in other fixed asset additions at our properties, offset by $6.3 million in proceeds from the sale of the land and building in Calgary, $1.0 million in dividends from Smooth Bourbon and $0.1 million in proceeds from the disposition of assets.

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Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 consisted of $162.6 million in proceeds from the Canada Real Estate Sale and $0.1 million in proceeds from the exercise of stock options, offset by $0.6 million in principal payments, net of proceeds from borrowings, $1.3 million to repurchase shares to satisfy tax withholding related to our performance stock unit awards and $12.9 million in distributions to non-controlling interests.

Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 consisted of $179.9 million in proceeds from borrowings net of principal payments and $0.3 million in proceeds from the exercise of stock options, offset by $18.9 million in payments of deferred financing costs, $0.4 million to repurchase shares to satisfy tax withholding related to our performance stock unit awards and $2.4 million in distributions to non-controlling interests in CDR and CPL.

Borrowings and Repayments of Long-Term Debt and Lease Agreements

As of September 30, 2023, our total debt under bank borrowings and other agreements, net of $14.8 million related to deferred financing costs, was $333.1 million, of which $328.2 million was long-term debt and $4.9 million was the current portion of long-term debt. The current portion relates to payments due within one year under our Goldman Credit Agreement and the UniCredit Term Loan. On April 1, 2022, we entered into the Goldman Credit Agreement which provides for a $350.0 million Term Loan and a $30.0 million Revolving Facility. We drew the $350.0 million under the Goldman Term Loan on April 1, 2022 and used the proceeds as well as approximately $29.3 million of cash on hand to fund the Nugget Acquisition, repay the $166.2 million outstanding on the Macquarie Credit Agreement, and for related fees and expenses. We drew $30.0 million under the Revolving Facility on our Goldman Credit Agreement on July 20, 2023 for the Rocky Gap Acquisition and repaid the Revolving Facility in full on September 21, 2023. For a description of our debt agreements, see Note 5, “Long-Term Debt” to our condensed consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this report. Net Debt was $158.9 million as of September 30, 2023 compared to $268.0 million as of September 30, 2022. The decrease in net debt is due to increased cash from the Canada Real Estate Sale and decreased debt due to the purchase of the land that was subject to the land lease at CDR in conjunction with the Canada Real Estate Sale. The CDR land lease was treated as a financing obligation. For the definition and reconciliation of Net Debt to the most directly comparable US GAAP measure, see “Non-US GAAP Measures – Net Debt” above.

The following table lists the amount of remaining 2023 maturities of our debt:

Amounts in thousands |  |  |  |  |  |
Goldman Credit Agreement (1) |  | UniCredit Term Loans |  | Total
$ | 875 |  | $ | 353 |  | $ | 1,228

(1)The Term Loan under the Goldman Credit Agreement requires scheduled quarterly payments of $875,000, equal to 0.25% of the original aggregate principal amount of the Term Loan, with the balance due at maturity.

The following table lists the amount of remaining 2023 payments due under our operating and finance lease agreements:

Amounts in thousands |  |  |
Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases
$ | 1,282 |  | $ | 46

As of September 30, 2023, cash payments due under the Master Lease for the remainder of 2023 are $10.5 million, which includes a CPI increase and increased rent related to the Rocky Gap Acquisition and Canada Real Estate Sale (both discussed below). Cash payments to the non-controlling partners under the lease between Smooth Bourbon and Nugget for the remainder of 2023 are $1.9 million. We estimate cash payments due under the Master Lease for 2024 to be $54.5 million. This amount does not include an estimated CPI increase.

Common Stock Repurchase Program

Since March 2000, we have had a discretionary program to repurchase our outstanding common stock. The total amount remaining under the repurchase program was $14.7 million as of September 30, 2023. We did not repurchase any common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. The repurchase program has no set expiration or termination date.

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Potential Sources and Uses of Liquidity and Short-Term Liquidity

Historically, our primary source of liquidity and capital resources has been cash flow from operations. As of September 30, 2023, we had $189.0 million in cash and cash equivalents compared to $101.8 million in cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2022. Cash and cash equivalents increased primarily due to the Canada Real Estate Sale. We expect to retain approximately CAD 154.5 million (USD $114.6 million based on the exchange rate on September 30, 2023) of the purchase price from the Canada Real Estate Sale after giving effect to the purchase of the Century Downs land that previously was subject to the CDR land lease, selling expenses, Canadian and US taxes and proceeds to be paid to the minority owners of Century Downs. As of December 31, 2022, we also had $100.2 million of restricted cash in the Acquisition Escrow. The Acquisition Escrow was used to fund the Nugget Acquisition at the Second Closing on April 3, 2023. When necessary and available, we supplement the cash flows generated by our operations with funds provided by bank borrowings or other debt or equity financing activities. As of September 30, 2023, we had $30.0 million available on our Revolving Facility.

Impact of COVID-19

The duration and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic remains uncertain. We cannot predict the negative impacts that COVID-19 will have on our consumer demand, workforce, suppliers, contractors and other partners, and, whether future closures will be required. While the severity and duration of such business impacts cannot currently be estimated, the effects of COVID-19, governmental health and safety requirements and any future closures are expected to have a material impact on our business. We will continue to monitor our liquidity and make reductions to marketing and operating expenditures, where possible, if future government mandates or closures are required that would have an adverse impact on our cash flows, liquidity and results of operations.

Planned Projects, the Nugget Acquisition, the Rocky Gap Acquisition and Canada Real Estate Sale

Planned capital expenditures for the remainder of 2023 include approximately $15.5 million in gaming equipment and renovations to various properties and security system upgrades. We are constructing a new land-based casino with a small hotel adjacent to and connected with the existing pavilion building at Century Casino Caruthersville. Construction began in December 2022 with completion expected in late 2024. We estimate this project will cost $51.9 million. The project is being financed with financing provided by VICI PropCo. As of September 30, 2023, we have received $30.2 million from VICI PropCo and have spent approximately $16.7 million of those funds on this project. We estimate that we will spend approximately $22.5 million on this project in the remainder of 2023. We are also building a hotel at our Cape Girardeau location. Construction began in September 2022 and is expected to be completed in the first half of 2024. We estimate this project will cost approximately $30.5 million. W e plan to fund the project with cash on hand. As of September 30, 2023, we have spent approximately $16.5 million on this project. We estimate that we will spend approximately $5.9 million on this project in the remainder of 2023.

On April 3, 2023, we purchased 100% of the membership interests in Nugget for approximately $104.7 million using the funds in the Acquisition Escrow and cash on hand. On August 29, 2023, we paid an additional $0.8 million in working capital adjustments. We also have a five-year option to acquire the remaining 50% of the membership interests in Smooth Bourbon for $105.0 million plus 2% per annum.

On July 25, 2023, we completed the Rocky Gap Acquisition for approximately $59.1 million (subject to certain adjustments). In connection with the closing of this transaction one of our subsidiaries and a subsidiary of VICI PropCo entered into an amendment of the Master Lease that provides for an increase in initial annualized rent of approximately $15.5 million. We borrowed $30.0 million from the Revolving Facility on July 20, 2023 to fund the Rocky Gap Acquisition along with cash on hand. The Revolving Facility was repaid on September 21, 2023.

On September 6, 2023, we completed the Canada Real Estate Sale with VICI and received, net of the CDR land purchase and closing costs, CAD 190.9 million ($140.1 million based on the exchange rate on September 6, 2023) in cash. We expect to retain approximately CAD 154.5 million (USD $114.6 million based on the exchange rate on September 30, 2023) of the purchase price after giving effect to the purchase of the Century Downs land that previously was subject to the CDR land lease, selling expenses, Canadian and US taxes and proceeds to be paid to the minority owners of Century Downs. Simultaneous with the closing of the transaction, our Canadian subsidiaries and subsidiaries of VICI PropCo entered into an amendment of the Master Lease that provides for an increase in initial annualized rent of approximately CAD 17.3 million ($12.8 million based on the exchange rate on September 30, 2023).

We may be required to raise additional capital to address our liquidity and capital needs. We have a shelf registration statement with the SEC that became effective in June 2023 under which we may issue, from time to time, up to $100 million of common stock, preferred stock, debt securities and other securities.

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If necessary, we may seek to obtain further term loans, mortgages or lines of credit with commercial banks or other debt or equity financings to supplement our working capital and investing requirements. Our access to and cost of financing will depend on, among other things, global economic conditions, conditions in the financing markets, the availability of sufficient amounts of financing, our prospects and our credit ratings. A financing transaction may not be available on terms acceptable to us, or at all, and a financing transaction may be dilutive to our current stockholders. The failure to raise the funds necessary to fund our debt service and rent obligations and finance our operations and other capital requirements could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and liquidity.

We estimate that approximately $132.9 million of our total $189.0 million in cash and cash equivalents at September 30, 2023 is held by our foreign subsidiaries, of which $117.3 million is held by our Canadian subsidiaries, and is not available to fund US operations unless repatriated. With the completion of the Canada Real Estate Sale, we do not currently intend to permanently reinvest approximately $40.0 million of earnings and profits from the Canadian subsidiaries, which would be available for repatriation. In anticipation of the potential repatriation, which would generally be exempt from taxation in the United States, we recorded a deferred tax liability of $2.9 million for the required foreign tax withholding associated with the repatriation. For further discussion of the deferred tax liability associated with the repatriation of earnings in Canada, see Note 8, “Income Taxes.” Management does not currently anticipate a need or intend to repatriate earnings from other foreign jurisdictions.

Critical Accounting Estimates

As of the filing date of this report, there were no significant changes in our critical accounting estimates from those discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. See Note 2 to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for accounting pronouncements issued but not yet adopted that may impact the Company’s consolidated financial position, earnings, cash flows or disclosures.

Item 3. Quan t itative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.

We had no material changes in our exposure to market risks from that previously reported in Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 4. Con tr ols and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures – Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officers and principal financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, for the period covered by this report. Based on such evaluation, our principal executive officers and principal financial officer have concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting – Our management has initiated the process of reviewing and implementing financial internal controls on the operations associated with the Nugget, which was acquired in April 2023, and Rocky Gap, which was acquired in July 2023.

Other than the foregoing, there have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended September 30, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II - OTH ER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

From time to time, we may become subject to various legal proceedings arising from normal business operations. See Note 7 to our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding legal actions and proceedings.

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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Repurchases

In March 2000, our board of directors approved a discretionary program to repurchase up to $5.0 million of our outstanding common stock. In November 2009, our board of directors approved an increase of the amount available to be repurchased under the program to $15.0 million. The repurchase program has no set expiration or termination date and had approximately $14.7 million remaining as of September 30, 2023. There were no repurchases of common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2023.

Item 5. Other Information

None of our directors or executive officers adopted, modified, or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or a non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement during the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2023.

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Item 6. E xhibits

Exhibit No. | Document
2.1 | Portfolio Agreement of Purchase and Sale, dated as of May 16, 2023, by and among Century Resorts Alberta Inc., Century Casino St. Albert Inc., Century Mile Inc. and United Horsemen of Alberta Inc., collectively as Vendor and Century Casinos, Inc., as Vendor Parent and VICI Properties L.P. as Purchaser is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 8, 2023.
3.1P | Certificate of Incorporation of Century Casinos, Inc. is hereby incorporated by reference to the Company’s Proxy Statement for the 1994 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.
3.2 | Amended and Restated Bylaws of Century Casinos, Inc. is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 11.14 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2002.
10.1* | Fifth Amendment to Lease, dated as of September 6, 2023, among certain of the Company’s subsidiaries named therein, as tenant, and certain of VICI Properties Inc.’s subsidiaries named therein, as landlord.
31.1* | Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Co-Chief Executive Officer.
31.2* | Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Co-Chief Executive Officer and President.
31.3* | Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Chief Financial Officer.
32.1** | Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Co-Chief Executive Officer.
32.2** | Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Co-Chief Executive Officer and President.
32.3** | Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, Chief Financial Officer.
101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File, formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101

* Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

P Filed on Paper

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

CENTURY CASINOS, INC.

/s/ Margaret Stapleton

Margaret Stapleton

Chief Financial Officer

Date: November 8, 2023

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