Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

The accompanying consolidated financial statements (“financial statements”) of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The accompanying financial statements include those of our controlled subsidiaries. The intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. In the opinion of management, all adjustments and disclosures necessary for a fair presentation of these financial statements have been included.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates used in the preparation of these financial statements include, but are not limited to; the sand reserves and their impact on calculating the depletion expense under the units-of-production method; the depreciation and amortization associated with property, plant and equipment and definite-lived intangible assets, impairment considerations of assets (including impairment of identified intangible assets, goodwill and other long-lived assets); estimated cost of future asset retirement obligations; stock-based compensation; recoverability of deferred tax assets; inventory reserve; collectability of receivables; and certain liabilities. Actual results could differ from management’s best estimates as additional information or actual results become available in the future, and those differences could be material.

Going Concern

Management evaluates at each annual and interim period whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the consolidated financial statements are issued. Management’s evaluation is based on relevant conditions and events that are known and reasonably knowable at the date that the consolidated financial statements are issued. Management has concluded that there are no conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date of these financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

Contract Balances

The timing of revenue recognition, billings and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable, unbilled receivables and deferred revenue on the consolidated balance sheet. For the Company’s sand sales, amounts are billed as sand is loaded on the railcars to fill customer orders for FCA origination point sales or when sand is received at the destination for FCA or DAT destination point sales and recorded as accounts receivable. For the Company’s freight revenue, amounts billed depend on the shipping terms and are recorded as receivables accordingly. Generally, billing occurs subsequent to revenue recognition, though certain billing occurs in advance, resulting in unbilled receivables and deferred revenue, respectively. In addition, the Company sometimes receives shortfall payments from its customers and recognizes the revenue once the rights of use are expired.

Revenue Recognition

On January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” and all the related amendments to ASC 606 in relation to all contracts that were not completed or expired as of January 1, 2018, using the modified retrospective method. There was no adjustment made to the opening balance of retained earnings as a result of applying ASC 606. Results for reporting periods beginning January 1, 2018 are presented under ASC 606, while the comparative information is not restated and will continue to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods.

Revenue Recognition

Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, the amount of which reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services.

Sand Sales Revenue

The Company derives its sand sales revenue by mining and processing sand. Its revenues are primarily a function of the price per ton realized and the volumes sold. For sand delivered FCA at the origination point at the Company’s facility, title passes as the product is loaded into railcars hired by the customer or provided by the Company and revenue is recognized when title transfers at the Company’s facility. For sand delivered in-basin, the Company recognizes the revenue when title passes at the destination. The amount invoiced reflects product, transportation and any other additional handling services, such as storage or transloading the product from railcar to truck.

Prices under the Company’s long-term agreements with customers are generally indexed to the Average Cushing Oklahoma WTI Spot Prices and contain provisions allowing for adjustments including: (i) annual percentage price increases; and/or (ii) market factor adjustments, including a natural gas surcharge/reduction and a propane surcharge/reduction which are applied if the Average Natural Gas Price or the Average Quarterly Mont Belvieu TX Propane Spot Price, respectively, as listed by the U.S. Energy Information Administration, are above or below the applicable benchmark set forth in the contract for the preceding calendar quarter.

Reservation Charges

The Company requires certain customers to pay a fixed-price monthly reservation charge based on a minimum contractual volume over the remaining life of their contract, which may be applied as a per ton credit to the sales price up to a certain contractually specified monthly volume or credited against any applicable shortfall payments. The Company recognizes revenue when the customer no longer has the right to use the reservation charge towards sand sales or shortfall payments.

Shortfall Payments

The Company’s shortfall revenues are related to minimum commitments under take-or-pay contracts and based on negotiated contract terms and are recognized when rights of use are expired. The Company recognizes revenue to the extent of the unfulfilled minimum contracted quantity at the shortfall price per ton as stated in the contract.

Railcar Usage Revenue

Railcar usage revenue consists of revenue derived from the usage of the Company’s railcars by customers under long-term contracts or on an as-used basis. Based on the customer contract, the Company either recognizes revenue on the usage of railcars based on when the terms of the agreement state that the railcar is available to the customer for use, or based on a specified price per ton shipped.

Transportation Revenue

Transportation revenue consists primarily of railway transportation and transload services to deliver products to customers. The Company’s transportation revenue fluctuates based on many factors, including the volume of product it transports and the distance between its plant and customers.

Performance Obligations

A performance obligation is a promise in a contract to transfer a distinct good or service to the customer, and is the unit of account in accordance with ASC 606. A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. Generally, the Company’s contracts include a single performance obligation that is separately identifiable, and therefore, distinct. Under ASC 606, the allocation of transaction price is not necessary if only one performance obligation is identified.

Significant Judgments

Accounting for long-term contracts involves the use of various techniques to estimate total contract revenue, costs and satisfaction of performance obligation. The Company satisfies its performance obligation and subsequently recognizes revenue, at a point in time, upon shipment of the products as the customer obtains control over the goods once the sand is loaded into the railcars or sand is delivered to the customer’s destination. In the case of sand being delivered to customers, the transaction price is variable in nature and is directly tied to the Average Cushing Oklahoma WTI Spot Prices per barrel. There were no changes to the significant judgments used by the Company to determine the timing of satisfaction of the performance obligation under ASC 606.

Costs to Obtain or Fulfill Contracts

The Company’s costs to fulfill or obtain contracts with customers primarily consist of commissions and legal costs. Under take-or-pay contracts, the Company provides sales team members with commissions at set per ton prices. These commissions are paid on a monthly basis, when and if the sand is taken by the customer. Although sales commissions are incremental in nature, there were no up-front commission paid on the satisfactory obtainment of a contract, resulting in no sales commissions being capitalized at December 31, 2018. The Company also incurs legal costs relating to the drafting and negotiating of contracts with select customers. Because legal costs are not incremental in nature and are incurred regardless of whether a contract is ultimately obtained, there were no legal costs capitalized as of December 31, 2018.

Deferred Revenues

The Company receives advance payments from certain customers in order to secure and procure a reliable provision and delivery of product. The Company classifies such advances as current or noncurrent liabilities depending upon the anticipated timing of delivery of the supplied product. Revenue is recognized upon the delivery of the product.

The Company may receive an advance payment from a customer, based on the terms of the customer’s long-term contract, for a certain volume of product to be delivered. Revenue is recognized as product is delivered and the deferred revenue is reduced.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

The Company considers all short-term, highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Restricted cash is cash held as collateral relating to an outstanding short-term bond assuring performance under a fuel agreement with a pipeline common carrier. Cash is maintained at financial institutions and, at times, balances may exceed federally insured limits.

Accounts Receivable and Unbilled Receivables

Accounts and Unbilled Receivables

Accounts receivable represents customer transactions that have been invoiced as of the balance sheet date; unbilled receivables represent customer transactions that have not yet been invoiced as of the balance sheet date. Accounts receivable are due within 30 days, or in accordance with terms agreed upon with customers, and are stated at amounts due from customers net of any allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company considers accounts outstanding longer than the payment terms past due. The Company determines the allowance by considering a number of factors, including the length of time trade accounts receivable are past due, previous loss history, a customer’s current ability to pay its obligation, and the condition of the general economy and the industry as a whole. Accounts receivable are written off when they are deemed uncollectible, and payments subsequently received on such receivables are credited to bad debt expense.

Transportation

Transportation costs are classified as cost of goods sold. Transportation costs consist of railway transportation and transload costs to deliver products to customers.

Inventories

The Company’s sand inventory consists of raw material (sand that has been excavated but not processed), work-in-progress (sand that has undergone some but not all processing) and finished goods (sand that has been completely processed and is ready for sale). Costs applied to sand inventory include direct excavation costs, processing costs, overhead allocation, depreciation and depletion, transportation and additional service costs, as applicable. Stockpile tonnages are calculated by measuring the number of tons added and removed from the stockpile. Costs are calculated on a per ton basis and are applied to the stockpiles based on the number of tons in the stockpile. The Company performs monthly physical inventory measurements to verify the quantity of sand inventory on hand. Due to variation in sand density and moisture content and production processes utilized to manufacture the Company’s products, physical inventories will not necessarily detect all variances. To mitigate this risk, the Company recognizes a yield adjustment on its inventories. Sand inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the average cost method. For the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, the Company had no write-down of inventory as a result of any lower of cost or market assessment.

The spare parts inventory consists of critical spare parts. Spare parts inventory is accounted for on a first-in, first-out basis at the lower of cost or net realizable value.

Deferred Financing Charges

Direct costs incurred in connection with the Credit Facility have been capitalized and are being amortized using the straight-line method, which approximates the effective interest method, over the term of the debt.

Fees attributable to the lender as of December 31, 2018, were $728 and are presented as a discount to the carrying value of the debt and the unamortized amount is presented as a reduction of long-term debt on the consolidated balance sheets. Fees attributable to the lender as of December 31, 2017 were $1,372 and are presented as components of deferred financing charges since there was no outstanding balance on the Credit Facility as of December 31, 2017. Fees attributable to third parties are presented on the balance sheet as deferred financing costs, net.

Amortization expense of the deferred financing charges of $300, $455, and $159 and accretion of debt discount of $246, $0 and $263 are included in interest expense as of December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Financial Instruments

The carrying value of the Company’s financial instruments, consisting of cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, approximates their fair value due to the short maturity of such instruments. Financial instruments also consist of debt for which fair value approximates carrying values as the debt bears interest at fixed or variable rates which are reflective of current rates otherwise available to the Company. Unless otherwise noted, it is management’s opinion that the Company is not exposed to significant interest, currency or credit risks arising from these financial instruments.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost. Costs related to researching, surveying, drilling, and related activities are recorded at cost and capitalized once a determination has been made that the Company’s property has proven and probable reserves. Capitalized mining costs are depleted using the units-of-production method. Construction in progress is primarily comprised of machinery and equipment which has not been placed in service and is not depreciated until the related assets or improvements are ready to be placed in service. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the property, plant and equipment, which are:



	Years
Land improvements	10
Plant and buildings	5-15
Real estate properties	10-40
Railroad and sidings	30
Vehicles	3-5
Machinery, equipment and tooling	3-15
Wellsite proppant storage solutions	5-15
Furniture and fixtures	3-10
Deferred mining costs	3

Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged against income as incurred; betterments that increase the value or materially extend the life of the related assets are capitalized. Upon sale or disposition of property and equipment, the cost and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in the consolidated income statements.

Acquisitions and Contingent Consideration

Contingent Consideration

The Company’s contingent consideration is measured at fair value on a recurring basis and is comprised of payments for production of silos and related equipment during the three-year period after the Quickthree acquisition (Note 3). Contingent liabilities are valued using significant inputs that are not observable in the market, which are defined as Level 3 inputs according to fair value measurement accounting. The Company used a probability-weighted average between 9 and 50 manufactured fleets over the remaining earnout period as the basis of its fair value determination. The actual contingent consideration could vary from the determined amount based on the actual number of silos and related equipment produced and the timing thereof. The Company estimates the fair value of contingent liabilities using a Monte Carlo simulation-based, real option pricing methodology implementation of the Income Approach. This approach utilizes inputs including market comparable information and management assessments regarding potential future scenarios, then discounts the liabilities to present value. The Company believes its estimates and assumptions are reasonable, however, there is significant judgment involved.

Acquisitions

The Company determines whether a transaction or other event is a business combination, which requires that the assets acquired and liabilities assumed constitute a business. Each business combination is then accounted for by applying the acquisition method. If the assets acquired are not a business, the Company accounts for the transaction or other event as an asset acquisition. Under both methods, the Company recognizes the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, contingent considerations and any non-controlling interest in the acquired entity. In addition, for transactions that are business combinations, the Company evaluates the existence of goodwill or a gain from a bargain purchase. The Company capitalizes acquisition-related costs and fees associated with asset acquisitions and expenses acquisition-related costs and fees associated with business combinations in the period in which they are incurred.

Long-Lived Assets, Including Definite Intangible Assets

Long-Lived Assets, Including Definite-Lived Intangible Assets

Long-lived assets, other than goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangibles, are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets may not be recoverable through the estimated undiscounted future cash flows derived from such assets. Definite-lived intangible assets primarily consist of developed technology and customer relationships. For long-lived assets used in operations, impairment losses are only recorded if the asset’s carrying amount is not recoverable through its undiscounted, probability-weighted future cash flows. The Company measures the impairment loss based on the difference between the carrying amount and the estimated fair value. When an impairment exists, the related assets are written down to fair value.

Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

The Company conducts its evaluation of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets at the reporting unit level on an annual basis as of December 31 and more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value. Prior to performing an impairment test, the Company assesses qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If the qualitative assessment determines that an impairment is more likely than not, the Company performs a quantitative comparison of the fair value with the carrying amount, including goodwill. If this comparison reflects impairment, then the loss would be measured as the excess of recorded goodwill, or other intangible assets with indefinite lives, over its fair value.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company has categorized its assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring and non-recurring basis into a three-level fair value hierarchy, of which the first two are considered observable and the last unobservable, which are as follows:


•	Level 1—Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date;


•	Level 2—Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active or other inputs corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and


•	Level 3—Unobservable inputs that reflect the Company’s assumptions that market participants would use in pricing assets or liabilities based on the best information available.

Asset Retirement Obligation

The Company estimates the future cost of dismantling, restoring and reclaiming operating excavation sites and related facilities in accordance with federal, state and local regulatory requirements and recognizes reclamation obligations when extraction occurs and records them as liabilities at estimated fair value. In addition, a corresponding increase in the carrying amount of the related asset is recorded and depreciated over such asset’s useful life or the estimated number of years of extraction. The reclamation liability is accreted to expense over the estimated productive life of the related asset and is subject to adjustments to reflect changes in value resulting from the passage of time and revisions to the estimates of either the timing or amount of the reclamation costs. Changes in estimates at inactive mines or mining areas are reflected in earnings in the period an estimate is revised. If the asset retirement obligation is settled for more or less than the carrying amount of the liability, a loss or gain will be recognized, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company issues restricted stock to certain employees and members of the board of directors of the Company (the “Board”) for their services on the Board. The Company estimates the grant date fair value of each share of restricted stock at issuance. For awards subject to service-based vesting conditions, the Company recognizes, in the consolidated income statements, stock-based compensation expense equal to the grant date fair value of the award on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting term. For awards subject to both performance and service-based vesting conditions, the Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis when it is probable that the performance condition will be achieved. Forfeitures are accounted for when they occur. The Company uses the market price of its shares as the grant date fair value for restricted stock awards.

Income Taxes

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Reform Act”) was signed into law. The SEC subsequently issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 118, which allows issuers a one year measurement period to record adjustments related to the Tax Reform Act. As a result of the Tax Reform Act, the Company recorded a tax benefit of approximately $8,500 due to a re-measurement of deferred tax assets and liabilities in the fourth quarter of 2017. The Company has finalized the accounting for income taxes for the Tax Reform Act with no material adjustments to the provisional amounts recorded.

The Company applies the provisions of ASC 740, “Income Taxes” (“ASC 740”), which principally utilizes a balance sheet approach to provide for income taxes. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of net operating loss carryforwards and temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities.

ASC 740 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements. The impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax returns must be recognized at the largest amount that is more-likely-than-not to be required to be recognized upon audit by the relevant taxing authority. This standard also provides guidance on de-recognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting for interim periods, disclosure and transition issues with respect to tax positions. The Company includes interest and penalties as a component of income tax expense in the consolidated income statements. For the periods presented, no interest and penalties were recorded.

Environmental Matters

The Company is subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. Management has established procedures for the ongoing evaluation of the Company’s operations, to identify potential environmental exposures and to comply with regulatory policies and procedures. Environmental expenditures that relate to current operations are expensed or capitalized as appropriate. Expenditures that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations and do not contribute to current or future revenue generation are expensed as incurred. Liabilities are recorded when environmental costs are probable, and the costs can be reasonably estimated. The Company maintains insurance which may cover, in whole or in part, certain environmental expenditures.

Segment Information

Reportable operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in making decisions on how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s chief operating decision maker is the Chief Executive Officer. The Company and the Chief Executive Officer view the Company’s operations and manage its business, including the recently acquired logistics assets and wellsite storage solutions business, as one reportable operating segment.

Basic and Diluted Net Income Per Share of Common Stock

Basic net income per share of common stock is computed by dividing net income attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period, excluding the dilutive effects of restricted stock. Diluted net income per share of common stock is computed by dividing the net income attributable to common stockholders by the sum of the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period plus the potential dilutive effects of restricted stock outstanding during the period calculated in accordance with the treasury stock method, although these shares and restricted stock are excluded if their effect is anti-dilutive.

Reclassification

Certain financial statement items have been reclassified to conform to the current financial statement presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on previously reported net income.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Adopted

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), which simplifies the test for goodwill impairment. To simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill, the Board eliminated Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. In computing the implied fair value of goodwill under Step 2, an entity had to perform procedures to determine the fair value at the impairment testing date of its assets and liabilities (including unrecognized assets and liabilities) following the procedure that would be required in determining the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination. Instead, an entity should perform its annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An entity should recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The Company adopted this standard on October 1, 2018 and has applied the new accounting standard to its annual goodwill impairment test as of December 31, 2018.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805) Clarifying the Definition of a Business, which clarifies the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The definition of a business affects many areas of accounting including acquisitions, disposals, goodwill, and consolidation. ASU 2017-01 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2018. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operation or cash flows.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which eliminates the diversity in practice related to the classification of certain cash receipts and payments for debt prepayment or extinguishment costs, the maturing of a zero-coupon bond, the settlement of contingent liabilities arising from a business combination, proceeds from insurance settlements, distributions from certain equity method investees and beneficial interests obtained in a financial asset securitization. ASU 2016-15 designates the appropriate cash flow classification, including requirements to allocate certain components of these cash receipts and payments among operating, investing and financing activities. The guidance is effective for the Company beginning after December 15, 2017. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2018. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operation or cash flows.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The objective of ASU 2014-09 is to establish a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and will supersede most of the existing revenue recognition guidance, including industry specific guidance. The core principle of ASU 2014-09 is that an entity recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In applying the new guidance, an entity will: (1) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (2) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (3) determine the transaction price; (4) allocate the transaction price to the contract’s performance obligations; and (5) recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. ASU 2014-09 applies to all contracts with customers except those that are within the scope of other topics in the FASB ASC. In April and May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, ASU 2016-11, Revenue Recognition and Derivatives and Hedging - Recession of SEC Guidance, ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers - Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, and ASU 2016-20, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. These ASUs each affect the guidance of the new revenue recognition standard in ASU 2014-09 and related subsequent ASUs. The new guidance is effective for annual reporting periods (including interim periods within those periods) beginning after December 15, 2017 for public companies. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2018.

Not yet adopted

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820), which modifies disclosure requirements for fair value measurements by removing the disclosure of the valuation process for Level 3 fair value measurements, among other disclosure modifications. The guidance is effective for the Company beginning after December 15, 2019, although early adoption is permitted. Companies are permitted to remove or modify disclosures upon issuance while delaying adoption of the additional disclosures. The Company is currently evaluating the effects of ASU 2018-13 on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), and related amendments, which replaces the existing guidance in ASC 840, Leases. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets as lease liabilities with corresponding right of use assets. The new lease standard does not substantially change lessor accounting. The new standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company intends to adopt ASU 2016-02 and its related updates using the transition practical expedients, which allows the Company to use the existing lease population, classification and determination of initial direct costs when calculating the lease liability and right of use asset balances. The Company also intends to use the optional transition method, which allows the Company to initially apply the new standard at the adoption date and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The Company has implemented new accounting policies and software to facilitate the recording and reporting of lease transactions and balances. The Company will record initial right of use assets and related liabilities of approximately $36 million on its consolidated balance sheet on January 1, 2019. Significant new disclosures in the notes to the financial statements will be added in the first quarterly report of 2019. The Company does not expect there to be a material impact on the other consolidated financial statements.