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Note 10 - Stock-based Compensation (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2015
Notes Tables |
Schedule of Employee Service Share-based Compensation, Allocation of Recognized Period Costs [Table Text Block] |
|  | December 31, 2015 |  |  | December31, 2014 |
Research and development |  | $ | 597,554 |  |  | $ | 526,331 |
General and administrative |  |  | 1,497,532 |  |  |  | 1,080,616 |
Total stock-based compensation expense |  | $ | 2,095,086 |  |  | $ | 1,606,947 |
Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block] |
|  | 2015 |  |  | 2014 |
Risk-free interest rate |  |  | 1.84% |  |  | 1.82% | - | 2.03% |
Expected life in years |  |  | 6.0 |  |  |  | 6.0 |  |
Expected volatility |  |  | 68% |  |  | 70% | - | 71% |
Expected dividend yield |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Vested and Expected to Vest, Outstanding and Exercisable [Table Text Block] |
|  | Shares of Common Stock |  |  | Weighted- Average Per Share Exercise Price |  |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) |  |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value |
Vested |  |  | 1,861,953 |  |  | $ | 4.22 |  |  |  | 6.7 |  |  | $ | - |
Expected to vest |  |  | 1,149,545 |  |  |  | 3.69 |  |  |  | 8.5 |  |  |  | - |
Total |  |  | 3,011,498 |  |  | $ | 4.01 |  |  |  | 7.4 |  |  | $ | - |
Schedule of Share-based Compensation, Stock Options, Activity [Table Text Block] |
|  | Outstanding |  |  | Exercisable |
|  | Number of Shares |  |  | Weighted- Average Per Share Exercise Price |  |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual life (in years) |  |  | Number of Shares |  |  | Weighted- Average Per Share Exercise Price |  |  | Weighted- Average Remaining Contractual life (in years) |
Outstanding at January 1, 2014 |  |  | 389,436 |  |  | $ | 11.77 |  |  |  | 3.9 |  |  |  | 367,110 |  |  | $ | 11.10 |  |  |  | 3.9 |
Granted |  |  | 3,287,181 |  |  |  | 3.71 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited or expired |  |  | (28,370 | ) |  |  | 33.99 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at December 31, 2014 |  |  | 3,648,247 |  |  | $ | 5.44 |  |  |  | 8.8 |  |  |  | 1,072,111 |  |  | $ | 9.49 |  |  |  | 7.2 |
Granted |  |  | 6,650 |  |  |  | 1.90 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Exercised |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Forfeited or expired |  |  | (643,399 | ) |  |  | 6.28 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Outstanding at December 31, 2015 |  |  | 3,011,498 |  |  | $ | 4.01 |  |  |  | 7.4 |  |  |  | 1,861,952 |  |  | $ | 4.22 |  |  |  | 6.7 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the allocation of equity-based compensation costs to a given line item on the balance sheet and income statement for the period. This may include the reporting line for the costs and the amount capitalized and expensed. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (h)(1) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5070-113901 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (b) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5047-113901 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 14.F) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=27013229&loc=d3e301413-122809 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) -Number Topic 14 -Section F + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the number and weighted-average exercise prices (or conversion ratios) for share options (or share units) that were outstanding at the beginning and end of the year, vested and expected to vest, exercisable or convertible at the end of the year, and the number of share options or share units that were granted, exercised or converted, forfeited, and expired during the year. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(1) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5070-113901 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the significant assumptions used during the year to estimate the fair value of stock options, including, but not limited to: (a) expected term of share options and similar instruments, (b) expected volatility of the entity's shares, (c) expected dividends, (d) risk-free rate(s), and (e) discount for post-vesting restrictions. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (f)(2) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5070-113901 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the number of fully vested share options (or share units) and share options expected to vest at the date of the latest statement of financial position, weighted-average exercise price (or conversion ratio), aggregate intrinsic value (except for nonpublic entities), and weighted-average remaining contractual term for both options (or share units) currently outstanding and options (or share units) exercisable (or convertible). + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (e) -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5070-113901 + Details
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