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Note 6 - Stock-based Compensation (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2021
Notes Tables  
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Table Text Block]
   
Three Months Ended March 31,
 
   
2021
   
2020
 
Research and development
  $
33,000
    $
96,530
 
General and administrative
   
148,280
     
94,850
 
Total stock-based compensation expense
  $
181,280
    $
191,380
 
Share-based Payment Arrangement, Option, Activity [Table Text Block]
   
Number of
Options
   
Weighted
average
exercise
price
per share
   
Weighted
average
remaining
contractual
life
(in years)
   
Aggregate
intrinsic
value
 
Balance at January 1, 2021
   
2,240,204
    $
8.28
     
 
     
 
 
Granted
   
876,615
     
1.11
     
 
     
 
 
Outstanding at March 31, 2021
   
3,116,819
    $
6.26
     
9.01
    $
475,258
 
Exercisable at March 31, 2021
   
1,363,373
    $
13.10
     
8.25
    $
331,618
 
Vested and expected to vest at March 31, 2021
   
3,116,819
    $
6.26
     
9.01
    $
475,258
 
Schedule of Share-based Payment Award, Stock Options, Valuation Assumptions [Table Text Block]
Expected term (in years)
   
10
 
Risk-free interest rate
   
1.4
%
Expected volatility
   
124.6
%
Dividend yield