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Equity and Temporary Equity
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Equity [Abstract]  
Equity and Temporary Equity
15. Equity and Temporary Equity

2024 Rights Offering and Concurrent Private Placement

On March 8, 2024, the Company commenced a rights offering ("Rights Offering"), in which each holder of the Company’s common stock, Series A-3 Convertible Participating Preferred Stock, Series A-4 Convertible Participating Preferred Stock and the 2026 Convertible Notes as of March 6, 2024 (the “rights offering record date”), were granted rights to purchase common stock. In connection with the Rights Offering, the Company entered into an Investment Agreement with Lancer Capital (the "Investment Agreement"), pursuant to which Lancer Capital agreed to purchase up to $19.0 million of Series C Preferred Stock as a backstop to the Rights Offering (the "Backstop Commitment") and to purchase $16.0 million of Series C Preferred Stock in a private placement transaction ("Concurrent Private Placement"). Lancer Capital is an investment fund led by Avram A. Glazer, the Chairman of the Board and the Company’s largest stockholder. As the Rights Offering had not yet settled by March 28, 2024, in accordance with the Investment Agreement, Lancer Capital purchased $25.0 million of Series C Preferred Stock, referred to as the "equity advance." On April 24, 2024, the Company completed and closed on the Rights Offering and issued a total of 530,611 shares of common stock for $3.7 million. In addition, Lancer Capital purchased an additional approximately 6,286 Series C Preferred Stock for $6.3 million under the Backstop Commitment. In total, the Company received $35.0 million in aggregate gross proceeds related to the Rights Offering and Concurrent Private Placement and incurred $1.8 million in dealer manager fees and other related costs which were capitalized into Additional paid in capital ("APIC"). On June 18, 2024, the Company's shareholders approved the conversion of the Series C Preferred Stock into common stock, and approximately 31,286 shares of Series C Preferred Stock, which were held by Lancer Capital, were converted into 4,469,390 shares of common stock, and there were no shares of the Series C Preferred Stock outstanding subsequent to their conversion into the Company's common stock.

Reverse Stock Split

On August 8, 2024, the Company effected a 1-for-10 reverse stock split of its issued and outstanding common stock (the “Reverse Stock Split”) following stockholder approval. The Reverse Stock Split was implemented for the primary purpose of regaining compliance with the minimum bid price requirement for continued listing of the Company’s common stock on the NYSE. The Reverse Stock Split did not change the $0.001 par value per share of the common stock. As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, the number of outstanding common shares was reduced from 130,529,931 to 13,166,057, inclusive of an additional 113,064 incremental whole shares issued for fractional shares. Unless noted, all share and per share amounts of common stock, options and restricted stock and any associated debt or preferred stock conversion rates contained in the historical periods, prior to the date of the Reverse Stock Split, presented within these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the 1-for-10 Reverse Stock Split as if it had occurred at the beginning of the earliest period presented.

Preferred Shares

The Company’s preferred shares authorized, issued and outstanding consisted of the following:
September 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Preferred shares authorized, $0.001 par value
20,000,000 20,000,000 
Series A-3 shares issued and outstanding6,125 6,125 
Series A-4 shares issued and outstanding1,937 10,000 
Series A-3 and Series A-4 Shares

Issuance and Conversion. On July 1, 2021, (the "Exchange Date") as a part of the sale of Continental Insurance Group ("CIG"), INNOVATE entered into an exchange agreement (the "Exchange Agreement") with CGIC, also a former subsidiary, which held the remaining shares of the Company's previous Series A and Series A-2 Preferred Stock and was eliminated in consolidation prior to the sale of the Company's former Insurance segment on July 1, 2021. Per the Exchange Agreement, INNOVATE exchanged 6,125 shares of the Series A and 10,000 shares of the Series A-2 shares that CGIC held for an equivalent number of Series A-3 Convertible Participating Preferred Stock ("Series A-3") and Series A-4 Convertible Participating Preferred Stock ("Series A-4"), respectively. The terms remained substantially the same, except that the Series A-3 and Series A-4 mature on July 1, 2026.

On August 4, 2025, INNOVATE closed on a Preferred Stock Exchange with CGIC that resulted in the redemption of 8,063 shares of Series A-4 Preferred Stock of the Company and unpaid accrued dividends for the A-3 and A-4 Preferred Stock for an additional principal amount of the CGIC Note. Refer to Note 11. Debt Obligations for additional information.

Since the time of issuance of the Series A-3 and Series A-4 Preferred Stock on July 1, 2021, the Series A-3 and Series A-4 Preferred Stock have been classified as temporary equity in the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. After giving effect to the Preferred Stock Exchange in August 2025, the Series A-3 and A-4 Preferred Stock have a combined redemption value of $9.1 million and a current fair value of $9.3 million as of September 30, 2025, which is inclusive of accreted dividends and $0.2 million in accrued cash dividends.

Dividends. The Series A-3 and Series A-4 Preferred Stock accrue a cumulative quarterly cash dividend at an annualized rate of 7.50%. The accrued values of the Series A-3 and Series A-4 Preferred Stock accrete quarterly at an annualized rate of 4.00% that is reduced to 2.00% or 0.0% if the Company achieves specified rates of growth measured by increases in its net asset value; provided, that the accreting dividend rate will be 7.25% in the event that (A) the daily volume weighted-average price ("VWAP") of the Company's common stock is less than a certain threshold amount, (B) the Company's common stock is not registered under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, (C) the Company's common stock is not listed on certain national securities exchanges or the Company is delinquent in the payment of any cash dividends. The Series A-3 and Series A-4 Preferred Stock is also entitled to participate in cash and in-kind distributions to holders of shares of Company's common stock on an as-converted basis.

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, INNOVATE's Board of Directors ("the Board") declared cash dividends with respect to INNOVATE’s issued and outstanding Series A-3 Preferred Stock and Series A-4 Preferred Stock as presented in the following tables (in millions):

2025
Declaration Date and Holders of Record DateMarch 31, 2025
Payment DateApril 15, 2025
Total Dividend$0.3 

During the second and third quarters of 2025, the Board did not declare any cash dividends with respect to INNOVATE’s issued and outstanding Series A-3 Preferred Stock and Series A-4 Preferred Stock. Aggregate dividends of $0.7 million and $0.5 million for the second and third quarters of 2025, respectively, included the annual cash dividend of 7.5% per annum which was accrued and also the accreting dividend of 7.25% per annum.

In addition, during the second quarter of 2025, the Company recorded accretion and accrual of additional dividends of $1.3 million related to prior years, and $0.2 million related to the first quarter of 2025. This included cumulative accreting dividends, which were recorded following the determination that such dividends had accreted due to the daily VWAP of the Company's common stock trading at less than $1 at various dates since 2022, as adjusted for the 2024 Reverse Stock Split. These adjustments during the second quarter of 2025 that related to prior years resulted in: (i) an increase in the accrued value of the preferred stock of $1.3 million; (ii) a decrease in Additional Paid-In Capital (APIC) of $1.3 million; (iii) an increase in accrued liabilities of $0.1 million; and (iv) an increase in net loss attributable to common shareholders of $1.3 million. The Company evaluated the effects of the adjustment, both qualitatively and quantitatively, and does not believe the adjustment was material to any current or prior interim or annual periods that were affected.

On August 4, 2025, $0.5 million in accrued quarterly dividends was exchanged for an additional principal amount of the CGIC note as part of the Preferred Stock Exchange. Refer to Note 11. Debt Obligations for additional information.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Board declared cash dividends with respect to INNOVATE’s issued and outstanding Series A-3 Preferred Stock and Series A-4 Preferred Stock as presented in the following tables (in millions):

2024
Declaration Date and Holders of Record DateMarch 31, 2024June 30, 2024September 30, 2024
Payment DateApril 15, 2024July 15, 2024October 15, 2024
Total Dividend$0.3 $0.3 $0.3 

Subsequent Measurement. The Company elected to account for the Series A-3 and Series A-4 Preferred Stock by immediately recognizing changes in the redemption value as they occur. The carrying values of the Series A-3 and Series A-4 Preferred Stock are adjusted to equal what the redemption amount would be as if the redemption were to occur at the end of the reporting period as if it were also the redemption date for the Series A-3 and Series A-4 Preferred Stock. Any cash dividends paid directly reduce the carrying value of the Series A-3 and Series A-4 Preferred Stock until the carrying value equals the redemption value. Once the carrying value is equal to the redemption value, the dividends declared are accrued by debiting retained earnings, or if retained earnings is a deficit, then by debiting additional-paid-in-capital. The Company has historically paid cash dividends on its Series A-3 and Series A-4 Preferred Stock and expects to continue to either accrete and accrue or pay such dividends each quarter.

Optional Conversion. Each share of Series A-3 and Series A-4 may be converted by the holder into shares of the Company's common stock at any time based on the then-applicable conversion price. As of September 30, 2025, each share of the Series A-3 Preferred Stock was convertible at an accrued value of $1,000 per share, divided by the conversion price of $23.63 (as it may be adjusted from time to time, the "Series A-3 Conversion Price"), and each share of Series A-4 Preferred Stock was convertible at an accrued value of $1,000 per share divided by the conversion price of $34.40 (as it may be adjusted from time to time, the "Series A-4 Conversion Price") (collectively the “Conversion Prices”). The Conversion Prices have historically been adjusted from time to time and continue to be subject to potential adjustment for dividends, certain distributions, reverse stock splits or stock splits, combinations, reclassifications, reorganizations, mergers, recapitalizations and similar events, as well as in connection with issuances of equity or equity-linked or other comparable securities by the Company at a price per share (or with a conversion or exercise price or effective issue price) that is below the Conversion Prices’ (which adjustment shall be made on a weighted-average basis).

As of September 30, 2025, the Series A-3 Preferred Stock and Series A-4 Preferred Stock, including the accrued value of accreting dividends, were convertible into 294,062 and 63,889 shares, respectively, of INNOVATE's common stock. As of December 31, 2024, the Series A-3 Preferred Stock and Series A-4 Preferred Stock were convertible into 259,212 and 290,672 shares, respectively, of INNOVATE's common stock.

Redemption by the Holders / Automatic Conversion. On July 1, 2026, holders of the Series A-3 and Series A-4 shall be entitled to cause the Company to redeem the Series A-3 and Series A-4 at the accrued value per share plus accrued but unpaid dividends (to the extent not included in the accrued value of Series A-3 and Series A-4). Each share of Series A-3 and Series A-4 that is not so redeemed will be automatically converted into shares of the Company's common stock at the Conversion Price then in effect.
Upon a change of control (as defined in each Certificate of Designation) holders of the Series A-3 and Series A-4 shall be entitled to cause the Company to redeem their shares of Series A-3 and Series A-4 at a price per share of Series A-3 and Series A-4 equal to the greater of (i) the accrued value of the Series A-3 and Series A-4, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends (to the extent not included in the accrued value of Series A-3 and Series A-4 Preferred Stock), and (ii) the value that would be received if the share of Series A-3 and Series A-4 were converted into shares of the Company's common stock immediately prior to the change of control.

Redemption by the Company / "Company Call Option". At any time, the Company may redeem the Series A-3 and Series A-4, in whole but not in part, at a price per share generally equal to 150% of the accrued value per share, plus accrued but unpaid dividends (to the extent not included in the accrued value of the Series A-3 and Series A-4), subject to the holder's right to convert prior to such redemption.

Forced Conversion. The Company may force conversion of the Series A-3 and Series A-4 into shares of the Company's common stock if the common stock's thirty-day VWAP exceeds 150% of the then-applicable Conversion Price and the common stock’s daily VWAP exceeds 150% of the then-applicable Conversion Price for at least 20 trading days out of the thirty trading day period used to calculate the 30-day VWAP. In the event of a forced conversion, the holders of Series A-3 and Series A-4 will have the ability to elect cash settlement in lieu of conversion if certain market liquidity thresholds for the Company's common stock are not achieved.

Liquidation Preference. In the event of any liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company (any such event, a “Liquidation Event”), the holders of Series A-3 and Series A-4 will be entitled to receive per share the greater of (i) the accrued value of the Series A-3 and Series A-4, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends (to the extent not included in the accrued value of Series A-3 and Series A-4), and (ii) the value that would be received if the share of Series A-4 and Series A-4 were converted into shares of the Company's common stock immediately prior to such occurrence. The Series A-3 and Series A-4 will rank junior to any existing or future indebtedness but senior to the Company's common stock and any future equity securities other than any future senior or pari passu preferred stock issued in compliance with each Certificate of Designation. The Series A-3 Preferred Stock and the Series A-4 Preferred Stock rank at parity.
Voting Rights. Except as required by applicable law, the holders of the shares of the Series A-3 and Series A-4 will be entitled to vote on an as-converted basis with the holders of the Company’s common stock on all matters submitted to a vote of the holders of the Company's common stock with the holders of Series A-3 Preferred Stock and Series A-4 Preferred Stock on certain matters, and separately as a class on certain limited matters.

Consent Rights. For so long as any of the Series A-3 and Series A-4 is outstanding, consent of the holders of shares representing at least 75% of certain of the Series A-3 and Series A-4 then outstanding is required for certain material actions.

Participation Rights. Pursuant to the securities purchase agreements entered into with the initial purchasers of the Series A-3 Preferred Stock and the Series A-4 Preferred Stock, subject to meeting certain ownership thresholds, certain purchasers of the Series A-3 Preferred Stock and the Series A-4 Preferred Stock are entitled to participate, on a pro-rata basis in accordance with their ownership percentage, determined on an as-converted basis, in issuances of equity and equity linked securities by the Company. In addition, subject to meeting certain ownership thresholds, certain initial purchasers of the Series A-3 Preferred Stock and the Series A-4 Preferred Stock will be entitled to participate in issuances of preferred securities and in debt transactions of the Company.

R2 Technologies Non-Controlling Interests

The Company has non-redeemable and redeemable non-controlling interests related to R2 Technologies in the form of common stock as well as convertible preferred stock that is redeemable upon the occurrence of a change in control, as defined in the respective agreements. If an event is not solely within the control of the Company, it is classified outside of permanent equity in the mezzanine section of the Company's Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company adjusts the carrying value of the non-controlling interests based on an allocation of subsidiary earnings (losses) based on ownership interests. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, it was not deemed probable that the amounts relating to convertible preferred stock in non-controlling interests will become redeemable as no change in control has occurred or is expected to occur; therefore, no additional adjustments or remeasurements were required under ASC 480-10, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.

On February 20, 2025, Pansend closed on a $3.5 million intercompany convertible 13.0% note instrument with R2 Technologies. The principal amount of the note, together with any interest then accrued and unpaid, is convertible at the option of Pansend into shares of a new Series E Convertible Preferred Stock ("Series E") in R2 Technologies upon written notice to R2 Technologies and has a maturity date, as amended on July 23, 2025, of the earlier of July 31, 2026, or a change in control of R2 Technologies, as defined in the note. On June 9, 2025, Pansend closed on a $3.0 million intercompany convertible 13.0% note instrument with R2 Technologies, of which $2.5 million had been funded as of September 30, 2025. The principal amount of the note, together with any interest then accrued and unpaid, is convertible at the option of Pansend into shares of a new Series F Convertible Preferred Stock ("Series F") in R2 Technologies upon written notice to R2 Technologies and has a maturity date, as amended on July 23, 2025, of the earlier of July 31, 2026, or a change in control of R2 Technologies, as defined in the note. These notes and related intercompany interest are eliminated on consolidation. Subsequent to quarter end, in October and November 2025, an additional $0.5 million was funded.

As a result of the allocation of losses, the redeemable non-controlling interest related to R2 Technologies was negative $0.9 million and negative $0.5 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Company had negative $8.5 million and negative $4.9 million, respectively of R2 Technologies non-controlling interests reflected within Non-controlling interests within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Liquidation Preference

R2 Technologies has issued multiple A, B, C and D-series, and, in the future potentially E-series and F-series, participating convertible preferred stock (the "R2 Technologies Preferred Shares"), all of which contain a liquidation preference. In the event of a liquidation event, each Preferred Share has a liquidation preference to be paid out of the assets legally available for distribution, which entitles the holder of each series A, series C, series D, series E (upon conversion of the aforementioned $3.5 million note that is convertible into Series E) and series F (upon conversion of the aforementioned note that is convertible into Series F) R2 Technologies Preferred Shares to receive, before any payments to holders of junior securities, the sum of the following: (i) the accrued value in cash; (ii) all accrued and unpaid dividends, including basic dividends and accreting dividends, if any, and (iii) an amount, in cash or otherwise, equivalent to what the holder would receive if they had converted the R2 Technologies Preferred Shares into R2 Technologies common stock or reference property just before the liquidation event. Series B R2 Technologies Preferred Shareholders would be entitled to receive, before any payments to holders of junior securities, the greater of (i) the sum of (A) the accrued value in cash, plus (B) all accrued and unpaid dividends, including basic dividends and accreting dividends, if any, or (ii) an amount, in cash or otherwise, equivalent to what the holder would receive if they had converted the R2 Technologies Preferred Shares into R2 Technologies common stock or reference property just before the liquidation event.
If the assets of R2 Technologies legally available for distribution are insufficient to pay these obligations in full, R2 Technologies Preferred Shareholders and holders of any parity securities share the remaining assets in proportion to the full respective amounts to which they are entitled. After receiving the full liquidation preference, R2 Technologies Preferred Shareholders have no further claim to R2 Technologies' assets, except for any new securities or instruments received as part of the liquidation preference. The value of non-cash assets distributed equals their fair market value on the distribution date. No holder of junior securities receives any payment unless the entire liquidation preference of R2 Technologies Preferred Shares is paid. If there is insufficient cash to pay the entire liquidation preference and any liquidation preference in respect of any parity securities in full in cash upon a liquidation event, R2 Technologies Preferred Shareholders and parity securities holders will share available cash proportionally.

R2 Technologies' total liquidation preference upon a hypothetical liquidation event, including the liquidation preference for Pansend Life Sciences, LLC, was $151.9 million and $143.5 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, of which $54.9 million and $51.8 million as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, was attributable to redeemable and non-redeemable non-controlling interests, inclusive of initial preferred stock and unpaid accreted dividends. However, as of both September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, R2 Technologies had negative net assets after consideration of intercompany and third-party debt, as applicable, and, therefore, there would be no legally available funds to satisfy such liquidation preferences upon a hypothetical liquidation event.