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Allowance For Doubtful Accounts For Trade Accounts Receivable
 3 Months Ended
Jan. 31, 2012
Allowance For Doubtful Accounts For Trade Accounts Receivable [Abstract]  
Allowance For Doubtful Accounts For Trade Accounts Receivable

(3) Allowance for Doubtful Accounts for Trade Accounts Receivable

A summary of changes in the allowance for doubtful accounts for trade accounts receivable for the three months ended January 31, 2012 and 2011 follows:

  Three Months Ended
January 31,
 
  2012 2011
 
Balance at beginning of period $ 145,616   $ 120,450  
Bad debt expense (recovery)   (8,644 )   3,194  
Losses charged to allowance   —     (2,735 )
Balance at end of period $ 136,972   $ 120,909